2024年中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件：被动语态(共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
被动语态
思维导图
考点精讲
考点1 被动语态的用法
在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者。被动语态主要用于下列几种情形：
情形 例句
1.不知道动作的执行者是谁 这块手表是中国制造的。
This watch in China.
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁 他昨天被人打了。
He yesterday.
is made
was beaten
续表
情形 例句
3.强调或突出动作的承受者 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
Chinese by more and more people in the world.
is spoken
即学即练
1.这个蛋糕是竹子做的。
______________________________________________________.
2.英语在世界上被广泛使用。
______________________________________________________.
3.我的钱包昨天被偷了。
______________________________________________________.
4.那个老人被送到了医院。
______________________________________________________.
5.人工智能将会很快被投入使用。
______________________________________________________.
This cake is made of bamboo.
English is widely used in the world.
My wallet was stolen yesterday.
The old man was sent to the hospital.
Al will be put into use soon.
考点2 被动语态的句型结构
类别 结构 示例
一般 现在时 am/is/are+过去分词 教室的窗户每周清洁一次。
The windows of the classroom ___________ every week.
这辆车不是手工做的。
This car by hand.
一般 过去时 was/were+过去分词 这个图书馆是去年建的。
The library last year.
这些照片是昨天拍的。
These photos yesterday.
are cleaned
isn’t made
was built
were taken
续表
类别 结构 示例
一般 将来时 will/be going to be +过去分词 他将不会受到惩罚。
He .
你将会被给予一次机会吗？
you a chance
含情态动词 情态动词+be+过去分词 必须做一些事情。
Something .
他们不应该被允许带手机。
They to bring mobile phones.
won’t be punished
Will be given
must be done
shouldn’t be allowed
即学即练
( )1.The laboratory about five years ago.
A.was built B.is built C.will be built D.built
( )2.A new English play there next week.
A.put on B.is put on C.was put on D.will be put on
( )3.A lot of trees in our city in spring every year.
A.are planted B.were planted
C.plant D.planted
A
D
A
( )4.“I’m still working because I’m still capable and hope to guide
more young people,” said Wu Mengchao when he .
A.is interviewed B.is interviewing
C.was interviewed D.was interviewing
( )5.Children should to be honest from a young age.
A.educate B.be educated
C.being educated D.to be educated
C
B
考点3 被动语态的特殊结构
结构 含义 示例
1.It is said /reported/ believed that... “据说/据报道/据信……” 据说明年这里将会建地铁。
It that a subway will be built here next year.
据报道有50人死于那场大火。
It that 50 people died in the big fire.
2.have/get sth. done “让某事由别人做” 我要去剪头发。
I want to my hair .
is said
is reported
have cut
续表
结构 含义 示例
3.need/require doing=need/ require to be done “需要(被)……” 这些花需要浇水。
These flowers need .
=These flowers need to ______
_________.
4.be made/seen/ heard/noticed to do sth. “被迫/被看到/被听到/被注意到做某事” 有人看见他上了一辆小汽车。
Someone saw him in a car.
=He was seen in a car.
watering
be watered
get
to get
即学即练
( )1.In the past, farmers were made very long hours.
A.to work B.working C.worked D.work
( )2.The house is too old for people to live. It needs .
A.repair B.repairing C.repaired D.to repair
( )3.My mobile phone doesn’t work. I must get it .
A.repair B.repairing C.repaired D.to repair
A
B
C
( )4.It that there is a big supermassive black hole in the
center of the Milky Way galaxy.
A.believe B.believing C.believed D.is believed
( )5.It that paper-making originated (起源) in China.
A.know B.knowing C.known D.is known
D
D
考点4 不用被动语态的几种情况
类别 示例
1.系动词feel, look, sound, smell, taste 没有被动语态 这条裙子穿在你身上看起来很漂亮。
This dress nice on you.
这条围巾摸起来很柔软。The scarf .
2.不及物动词happen 以及短语take place, belong to等没有被动语态 他发生了什么事？
What to him
2024年夏季奥运会将在法国的首都巴黎举行。
The 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, the capital of France.
looks
feels soft
happened
will take place
续表
类别 示例
3.部分动词如cut, sell, write 等常与一些副词连用，用主动表被动 这支笔不好写。
This pen doesn’t write well.
这种蛋糕很畅销。
This kind of cakes .
sells well
即学即练
( )1.This kind of silk _____ soft, so many people like it very much.
A.feels B.felt C.is felt D.feeling
( )2.—Why not give away some old clothes
—That _____ like a good idea.
A.sounds B.is sounded
C.was sounded D.will be sounded
( )3.The accident _____ as the plane was about to take off.
A.happen B.happened C.is happened D.was happened
A
A
B
( )4.The scissors _____ well.
A.are cut B.were cut C.cut D.cuts
( )5.Great changes _____ in this town since 1998.
A.will be taken place B.takes place
C.were taken place D.have taken place
C
D
2022 中考真题
( )1.Hangzhou _____ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for
silk there. (2022·河北)
A.knows B.is known C.was known D.will be known
( )2.The boy was seen _____ computer games in the net bar.
(2022·甘肃天水)
A.play B.played C.playing D.to play
( )3.Let’s wait and see whether books _____ by the Internet in the
future. (2022·天津)
A.replace B.replaced C.will be replaced D.were replaced
B
D
C
( )4.Mr. Green _____ to sing an English song at the party and he
sang well. (2022·安徽)
A.was invited B.invited C.is invited D.invites
( )5.More chances _____ for students to learn from each other if
working in groups. (2022·山东泰安)
A.provide B.are provided C.provided D.will provide
( )6.It’s reported that Jiangsu Grand Theater _____ in September
this year. (2022·南京)
A.completes B.is completed
C.will complete D.will be completed
A
B
D
( )7.When the baby dog _____, it was very hungry. So we gave it
some food. (2022·安徽)
A.is found B.was found C.has been found D.will be found
( )8.—Where would you like to go on vacation this summer
—Brazil. Because the 31st Rio Olympic Games _____ there.
(2022·四川达州)
A.will be held B.will hold C.will be happened D.are held
B
A
( )9.You are not supposed to go to a family party unless you _____
to in the USA. (2022·四川成都)
A.are not invited B.are invited C.will be invited D.invited
( )10.Students do less homework now. Usually it _____ before 9
o’clock in the evening. (2022·重庆A卷)
A.finishes B.finished
C.is finished D.was finished
B
C
语篇训练
(一)
Early last Monday morning, I was walking to school as usual. I found a little boy running much too fast when crossing the street. Just then a speeding car appeared round the corner. I was scared and shouted to stop him, but it was too late. The boy 1 down by the car. I hurried to the boy, crying for help. But the driver didn’t stop and drove away. The boy 2 . to the hospital by the policemen. Later, I learned that the boy 3 . I was so sad and I would never forget this terrible accident.
( )1.A.was knocked B.is knocked C.is knocking D.will be knocked
( )2.A.is sending B.will be sent C.is sent D.was sent
( )3.A.die B.died C.is died D.was died
A
D
B
【解析】1.A 考查被动语态。句意：这个男孩被汽车撞倒了。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 The boy 与谓语动词 knock down存在被动关系，且时态是一般过去时，故选 A。
【解析】2.D 考查被动语态。句意：这个男孩被警察送到了医院。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 The boy与谓语动词send存在被动关系，且时态是一般过去时，故选 D。
【解析】3.B 考查动词时态。句意：后来，我得知，这个男孩死了。根据语境以及上下文可知，此处时态为一般过去时，die 无被动语态，故选 B。
(二)
One of the most famous child stars in the history of films in the United States was the great Shirley Temple. She 1 on April 23, 1928 in California. Temple 2 by her mother to develop her interest in singing, acting and dancing. When Temple was 3, she 3 . to a dance school.
( )1.A.were born B.was born C.bore D.is born
( )2.A.encourages B.is encouraged
C.was encouraged D.encouraged
( )3.A.take B.took C.was taken D.is taken
B
C
C
【解析】1.B 考查被动语态。句意：她于1928年4月23 日出生在加利福尼亚。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 She 与谓语动词bear 存在被动关系， 且时态是一般过去时，故选 B。
【解析】2.C 考查被动语态。句意：坦普尔在母亲的鼓励下，发展了她对唱歌、表演和舞蹈的兴趣。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 Temple 与谓语动词 encourage 存在被动关系，且时态是一般过去时，故选 C。
【解析】3.C 考查被动语态。句意：当坦普尔3岁时，她被送进了一所舞蹈学校。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 Temple 与谓语动词 take 存在被动关系，且时态是一般过去时，故选 C。
(三)
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese Festival celebrated by all the Chinese people. It’s widely known as a festival that a family get together. The Mid-Autumn Festival 1 on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. On that night, the moon is brighter and fuller than any other night. The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by eating mooncakes. The mooncakes are delicious. It’s liked by all the children. At night, a big party is usually held by the families.
( )1.A.celebrates B.is celebrating
C.is celebrated D.was celebrate
C
【解析】1.C 考查被动语态。句意：中秋节是在农历8月15日庆祝的。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 The Mid-Autumn Festival 与谓语动词 celebrate 存在被动关系，且时态是一般现在时，故选 C。
They like chatting with each other. A lot of nice things 2 , too. After dinner, they watch the moon, as in China a full moon is seen as a symbol of family reunion. The story of Chang’e will be told. She
3 to fly to the moon and live in the Moon Palace. What a beautiful story!
( )2.A.will provide B.will be provided
C.will be providing D.be provided
( )3.A.was made B.is made C.made D.will be made
B
A
【解析】3.A 考查被动语态。句意：嫦娥被迫朝着月亮飞去，住在了广寒宫。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 She与谓语动词 make 存在被动关系，且时态是一般过去时，故选 A。
【解析】2.B 考查被动语态。句意：也将提供很多好东西。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语 things 与谓语动词 provide 存在被动关系，且时态是一般将来时，故选 B。
(四)
Flora and her dad are moving to a new house soon. Next week, workers 1 the yard of the old house into a car park. The yard is full 2 beautiful flowers grown by Flora and Dad.
“My poor flowers,” Flora complains in 3 low voice, looking at the bright purple flowers sadly. She sits outside, selling things
4 she doesn’t want to take to the new house.
( )1.A.turn B.turned C.will turn
( )2.A.with B.of C.in
( )3.A.the B.a C.an
( )4.A.that B.who C.whom
C
B
B
A
【解析】1.C 考查动词时态。句意：下周，工人们将把老房子的院子变成一个停车场。根据语境以及时间状语 next week 可知，此处时态为一般将来时， 故选 C。
【解析】2.B 考查介词。句意：院子里满是弗洛拉和爸爸种植的美丽花朵。be full of 是固定搭配，意为 “充满” ，故选 B。
【解析】3.B 考查冠词。句意： “我可怜的花，” 弗洛拉低声抱怨道……in a low voice 是固定搭配，意为 “低声地” ，故选 B。
【解析】4.A 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：她坐在外面，卖那些她不想带到新房子里的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词 things 指物，关系代词用 which 或 that，故选 A。
A sign 5 beside her that says Yard Sale. Several of her neighbors come to have a look.
Dad comes out, holding some snacks in 6 hands. “Here’s a snack for everyone,” he says. Flora’s dad loves sharing things.
Occasionally (偶然地), Flora digs her heels (鞋后跟) deep into the grass. Then she feels the soft earth move under her heels, and she knows 7 she can do.
( )5.A.is hung B.was hung C.hung
( )6.A.he B.him C.his
( )7.A.what B.how C.when
A
C
A
【解析】5.A 考查动词时态。句意：她身边挂着一个牌子，上面写着庭院拍卖。根据语境可知，此处是被动句，主语A sign与谓语动词 hang 存在被动关系，且时态是一般现在时，故选 A。
【解析】6.C 考查代词。句意：爸爸出来了，手里拿着一些零食。根据语境可知，此处指 “他的” ，后接名词，用形容词性物主代词，故选 C。
【解析】7.A 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：然后她感觉到柔软的土地在她的脚跟下移动，她知道她能做什么。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个宾语从句，且根据语境可知，此处指 “什么” ，故选 A。
She whispers her plan to Dad. He nods with a smile. Flora takes out some flowerpots (花盆) happily and finds a tool to dig with. 8 .
she digs up the flowers with some earth and puts them into the pots.
She lines up the pots near her sign. Now she is ready 9 a generous person, just like her Dad.
“ 10 is a pot ” asks Ana from next door.
“Zero cents!”she smiles and says, “Pick any pot you like!”
(2022 江苏泰州中考真题改编)
( )8.A.Carefully B.Careful C.Carefulness
( )9.A.be B.being C.to be
( )10.A.How often B.How many C.How much
A
C
C
【解析】8.A 考查副词。句意：她小心翼翼地挖出来一些带着泥土的花放进花盆里。位于句首，修饰整个句子，应用副词，故选A。
【解析】9.C 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在她已经准备好成为一个慷慨的人，就像她爸爸一样。be ready to do sth.是固定搭配，意为 “准备好做某事” ，动词用不定式，故选 C。
【解析】10.C 考查疑问句。句意： “一盆多少钱 ” 隔壁的安娜问道。根据语境以及上下文可知，此处指 “多少钱” ，疑问词用 how much，故选 C。