2024年人教版中考英语语法专项复习—非谓语动词（含解析）

2024年中考英语语法专项训练——非谓语动词
考点一 动词不定式
动词不定式的构成
动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义；动词不定式的否定形式是 not(+to)+动词原形。如：
I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation.由于我的发音不好,我害怕提问。(人教9-1)
It takes several weeks to complete everything.
花费几周时间完成了所有的工序。(人教-5)
Let's go in the evening.
我们晚上去吧。(外研7B-6)
动词不定式的句法功能
功能 例句 说明
主语 To speak English is not easy for us.=It is not easy for us to speak English. 讲英语对我们来说不容易。 作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。
续表
功能 例句 说明
表语 My work is to clean the room every day.=To clean the room every day is my work.我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。 多数情况下，不定式作表语可转换为作主语。
宾语 —What sports does he liketo play ——他喜 欢做什么运动 —He likes to play basketball.——他喜欢打篮球。 只能作某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
宾语补足语 She always makes me laugh.她总是让我发笑。 在 make, let, see,hear, watch 等使役、感官动词后，不定式省略to。
定语 Have you got anything tosay 你有什么要说的吗 不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语 I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)很抱歉，给你添麻烦了。 I went to the library tostudy English.(表目的)我去图书馆学英语了。 不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句 子 的 主 语一致。
(1)不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在后面，其结构为：I sb.)+动词不定式。如:
To learn English well is useful.→It is useful to learn English well.
学好英语是有用的。
It's important for us to protect the environment.
对我们来说保护环境是很重要的。
注意:在 kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for 而用of。如：
It's very kind of you to help me.
你帮助我真是太好了。
It's very clever of you to do like that.
你那样做真是太聪明了。
(2)不定式作表语
不定式作表语表示主语的内容、目的等。不定式作表语也可转换为作主语。如：
The best way is to read the play before you see it.
最好的办法是在看戏之前了解一下剧情。(外研9B-8)
(3)不定式作宾语
①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如: would like,want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect 等。 如:
Would you like to see a film this evening
你今晚想去看电影吗
②在 find, think 后跟不定式作宾语时,常用 it 代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如：
When these kids are adults, they might find it difficult to plan things for themselves.
当这些孩子长大成人时，他们可能会发现要为自己安排好事情是很难的。
③常见的一些不带to 的动词不定式
why not do…, had better( not) do…, would rather do, could/would/will you please (not) do...等。如:
Could you please give me some suggestions for vacation spots 你能给我提点关于度假场所的建议吗 (人教9-7)
(4)不定式作宾语补足语
不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主动关系。如：
These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.
这些明星激励着年轻人为实现他们的梦想而努力工作。(人教9-6)
But my mother wants me to drink milk.
可是我妈妈想要我喝牛奶。
Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.
露西让他把收音机声音关小一点。
tell, ask, want, allow, get, warn, encourage 等后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
You had warned him to use the ladder.
你告诫过他要用梯子。(冀教9A-8)
My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.
我妈妈鼓励我学日语。
注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have) 、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮助(help)。但这些动词变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：
Please let us know which is the best to travel by plane, train or bus.请让我们了解一下乘飞机、火车或汽车旅游哪一个是最好的。(人教9-7)
I have tried to make my mother pay more attention to me.
我已经尽力让我母亲更多地注意我了。
My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.
老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。
(5)不定式作定语
①动词不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的被动关系。如：
Take something to read on the train.
带点东西在火车上读。
②如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有被动关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如：
There is nothing to worry about.
没有什么可担心的。
(6)不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where,how 等连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如：
Excuse me, could you please tell me where to park my car
打扰一下，你能告诉我在哪里停车吗 (人教9-11)
He didn't know where to go.他不知道该去哪里。(where to go = where he should go)
(7)不定式作状语。如：
I'm sorry to hear that he had a cold last week.
听说他上周感冒了，我很难过。
The restaurant is always busy at that time, so come a little earlier to get a table.这个餐馆在那个时段很忙,所以为了能够占一张桌子请早到一点儿。(人教9-3)
真题链接
1.(2022 天津)I wanted to see the Beijing Opera,so Lingling offered me to watch an opera.
A. took B. takes C. to take D. taking
答案解析C
句意：我想看京剧，所以玲玲主动提出带我去看京剧。本题考查动词的用offer 后接动词不定式，表示“主动提出做某事”，故选 C 项。
2.(2021 重庆) You should ask Bob his own clothes. He is ten years old now.
A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to wash
答案解析D
句意：你应该让鲍勃自己洗衣服。他现在十岁了。本题考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.为固定用法，故选 D。
3.(2023 河南,) The boss asked Tim to go and out if there was anyone else absent.
A. find B. finding C. to find D. found
答案解析A
句意：老板让蒂姆去看看是否还有人缺席。本题考查动词的用法。and连接两个并列成分，由go可推出此处应用动词原形，故选 A。
4.(2023 广 东) Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning
答案解析A
句意：莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥，一位著名的美国演员，总是期望得奥斯卡奖，最后他成功了。本题考查非谓语动词。expect to do sth.期望做某事。根据句意可知答案为 A 项
5.(2022宁夏) He is not old enough to school.
A. gone B. going C. went D. to go
答案解析
D 句意：他还没到入学年龄。本题考查非谓语动词。 be... enough to do...意为“足够······去做……”,故选 D。
6.(2021广东茂名) Mrs. Brown forgot the door and two bad men got in.
A. locking B. to lock C. locked
答案解析B
句意：布朗夫人忘记锁门了，两个坏人进了她家。本题考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth.指忘记要做某事;forget doing sth.指忘记做过某事。由句意可知布朗夫人忘记锁门了，故选择B。
7.(2022江苏南京)——Simon, what do I need to take for the hiking —You’d better more water than usual. It's hot today.
A. to take B. take C. taking D. took
答案解析B
句意：——西蒙，这次徒步旅行我需要带什么 ——你最好比平常多带些水。今天很热。had better后接不带to 的动词不定式,即动词原形,故选 B 项。
考点二 动名词
动名词的构成
动名词一般由动词原形+-ing构成。
动名词的句法功能
功能 例句 说明
主语 Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多对你的健康有害。 谓语动词用单数。
宾语 动词宾语 I like playing basketball verymuch.我非常喜欢打篮球。 表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。
介词宾语 Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是用来寄信的。
表语 His hobby is collecting stamps.=Collecting stamps is his hobby. 他 的 爱 好 是集邮。 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语。
定语 She is in the reading room.她在阅览室里。 We should improve our teaching methods.我们应该改进我们的教学方法。 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。通常置于所修饰词之前。
如:
Thanks for taking care of my dog.
感谢你照看我的狗。
Now Professor Yuan is working on developing super hybrid rice.
现在，袁教授正在着手开发超级杂交水稻。(冀教9A-5)
Looking after us was a full-time job, so she stayed at home.
照顾我们是一份全职工作，所以她就待在家里。(外研9B-3)
注意：英语中有一些动词或短语后面常跟动名词作宾语。
我们初中阶段常见的有:finish, enjoy, mind,miss, be worth, practice, feel like, be used to 等。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词：
完成实 践 值得忙 ( finish, practice, be worth,be busy)
继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up)
考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help,feel like)
喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)如:
You will enjoy coming to Los Angeles to learn about American culture and improve your English at the same time.
你将会喜欢来洛杉矶了解美国文化，同时提高你的英语水平。
By this time,a Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition was rare and worth rescuing.
到这时,一架状况良好的兰开斯特轰炸机实属罕见，值得抢救。
真题链接
1.(2022 湖南长沙)——Jane’s spoken English is pretty good.——Yeah, she works hard and practices it both in and out of class.
A. spoke B. to speak C. speaking
答案解析C
句意：——简的英语口语真是很不错。——是的，她努力学习并且在课上和课下都练习说英语。本题考查非谓语动词。practice 后跟动名词作宾语。故答案为C。
2.(2021 江苏南京)——Have you read the book Jane Eyre ——Yes. It's a famous book and really worth .
A. to read B. reading C. to be read D. read
答案解析B
句意:——你读过《简·爱》这 本 书吗 ——读过，它是一本名著，并且它真的值得一读。本题考查非谓语动词。be worth doing 值得做……,是固定用法。故选 B。
3.(2023 广东梅州) Zhang Hai used to QQgames in his spare time but nowadays he is used to sports.
A. play;do B. playing;doing C. playing;do D. play;doing
答案解析D
句意：张海以前在空闲时间常常玩 QQ游戏，但是现在他习惯做运动。used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。故选 D。
4.(2022 湖北襄阳)—I think you should stop him in English.——I see. He can't understand English at all. Let me try in French.
A. talking to B. to talk to C. talk to D. to talking to
答案解析A
句意：——我认为你应该停止用英语和他交谈。——我明白。他根本听不懂英语，让我用法语试试。本题考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.停止做某事;stop to do sth.停止(一件事)去做(另一件事)。
5.( 2023 上海,) I wouldn't mind a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well.
A. having B. to have C. have D. had
答案解析A
句意：我不会介意有个室友的。我们可以互相帮助而且也能省钱。本题考查动名词。Mind doing sth.介意做某事。故答案为 A 项。
考点三 分词
分词的构成
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词基本形式由“动词+-ing”构成；过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”，但也有不规则的形式。
分词的句法功能
功能 例句 说明
定语 Do you know the girl standing under the tree 你认识站在树下面的那个女孩吗 Please hand in your written exercises.请上交你们的书面练习。 现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词；过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语是它所修饰的词。
状语 The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.学生们说笑着走出了教室。 Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 从小山上看，我们学校看上去更美丽了。 分词的逻辑主语 是 句 子 的主语。
表语 The situation is encouraging.形势令人鼓舞。 The boy is too frightened to move.这个男孩太害怕了以至于不能动了。 现在分词表示主语的性质、特征；过去分词 表 示 某 种状态。
补足语 Don't keep us waiting for along time. 不 要 让 我 们 等太久。 I heard him singing in the classroom.我听到他正在教室里唱歌。 He'll have his hair cut after school.放学后他要去理发。 现在分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系)；过去分词作补足语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系)。
如:
English is the main language used by people who work on the Internet and send e-mail.
英语是那些从事网络工作和发送电子邮件的人使用的主要语言。(冀教8A-6)
There he is, lying on the ground.
他就在那里，躺在地上。(外研9B-6)
We play a game called“trick or treat”.
我们玩一个叫“不招待就使坏”的游戏。(牛津7A-3)
真题链接
1.(2023 内蒙古呼和浩特)——I tried to make Alice her mind but I found it difficult.—Well, I saw you that when I went past.
A. changed;do B. changes;doing C. change;to do D. change;doing
答案解析D
句意：——我尝试让艾丽斯改变她的主意，但我发现很困难。——哦，我经过时看见你正在劝她。本题考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”;see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”。根据 make 和 see 的用法可知选 D。
2.(2022 山东临沂) Thanks to the robots, the human reporters do not have to spend a lot of time boring numbers and information.
A. Processing B. to process C. processed D. process
答案解析A
句意：多亏了机器人，人类记者不必再花费大量时间处理枯燥的数字和信息了。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。spend+时间+doing sth.花费时间做某事，是固定搭配。故选 A。
3.(2021河北)——It's important for us to know all the subjects.——Yeah, group work is my favorite.
A. how to study B. when to study C. which to study D. what to study
答案解析
A 句意：——对于我们来说知道怎样学所有的学科是很重要的。——是的，小组学习是我最喜欢的。本题考查特殊疑问词+不定式的用法，根据答语可知上句是在说学习的方式，用how+不定式，故答案为 A 项。
考点四 容易混淆的几种用法的区别
① 动词后接不定式和动名词的区别
stop to do stop doing
forget to do forget doing
remember to do remember doing
try to do try doing
regret to do regret doing
mean to do mean doing
go on to do go on doing
stop to do/doing
stop to do停止、中断正在做的事后去做另外一件事；
stop doing 停止做正在做的事
如:
He stopped to smoke a cigarette.
他停下来抽了支烟。
I must stop smoking.
我必须戒烟了。
(2) forget to do/doing
forget to do 忘记要去做某事(未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事(已做)
如:
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯这个动作)
He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关灯了。(已做过关灯这个动作)
Don't forget to bring your friends.
不要忘记带你的朋友们来。(牛津8A-3)
(3) remember to do/doing
remember to do记着去做某事(未做)
remember doing 记得做过某事(已做)
如:Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before
你不记得以前见过这个人吗
(4) try to do/doing
try to do设法或努力去做某事
try doing尝试着做某事
如:
You must try to be more careful.
你一定要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed.
我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
We don't like advertisements, so we try not to see them.
我们不喜欢广告，因此我们尽量不去看它们。(外研9B-4)
(5) regret to do/doing
regret to do 对要做的事遗憾(未做)
regret doing 对做过的事遗憾,后悔(已做)
如:
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须这样做，但我别无选择。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.
告诉她我的想法，我并不后悔。
(6) mean to do/doing
mean to do 打算,想
mean doing 意味着
如:
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但我父亲不肯让我去。
Doing that means wasting time.那样做意味着浪费时间。
This usually means writing about yourself.
这通常意味着写关于你自己的事。(外研9B-2)
(7) go on to do/doing
go on to do 放下手中的事,继续去做别的事
go on doing 继续做原来做的事
如:
We had supper and went on to watch TV.
我们吃过晚饭，接着看电视。
He didn't have a rest and went on working.
他没休息就继续工作。
动词不定式作宾补和现在分词作宾补的区别
see, watch, hear, find, feel 等感官动词后接省略 to的不定式作宾补时，表示动作的全过程已结束或存在的事实；后接现在分词作宾补时，表示动作正在进行。如:
I saw him cross the road.
我见他过了马路。
I saw him crossing the road.
我见他正在过马路。
I heard someone enter the room.
我听见有人进了房间。
I heard someone singing.
我听见有人在唱歌。
I felt something hit me on the back.
我感到有东西打了我后背一下。
Can you feel the train slowing down
你能感觉到火车正在减速吗
They know her very well. They had seen her grow up from childhood.
他们很了解她。他们看着她从小长大。
现在分词与过去分词的区别
(1)在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。试比较：
the surprising news 令人惊讶的消息
a surprised man 一个神色惊讶的人
a moving film 一场感人的电影
the moved people 被感动的人们
(2)在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。试比较：
the developing country 发展中国家
the developed country发达国家
the rising sun 正在升起的太阳
the risen sun 升起来的太阳
注意含有介词to的固定短语
在初中阶段的英语学习中，常常会遇到含有介词的短语，而其中有些短语中所含的to 为介词，它们后面需要接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，很容易将这种情况与不定式符号 to 后接动词原形混淆。
(1) make(a) contribution(s) to 为······做贡献如:
Everyone should make a contribution to society.
每个人都应该为社会做贡献。
(2) devote to 献身,致力于…… 如:
He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.
他把自己的一生致力于帮助残疾人。
(3) look forward to 期待,盼望。如:
We are looking forward to seeing you again.
我们盼望着再次见到你。
(4) prefer…to…(两者间)更愿意……而不愿……如:
I prefer walking to cycling.
我愿意步行，不愿意骑自行车。
(5) be used to...习惯……,适应…… 如:
She is quite used to getting up early.
她很习惯早起。
易混句式 have sb./sth. do sth., have sb./sth.doing sth.和 have sth. done 的区别
(1) have sb./sth. do sth.意为“让某人/物做某事”, have可以用let, make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。如:
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to hisfather.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。
(2) have sb./sth. doing sth.意为“让某人/物一直做某事”。have 可以用keep 代替,现在分词doing 这个动作往往具有持续、进行的含义。如：
The two men had their lights burning all nightlong.那两个人让他们的灯通宵亮着。
(3) have sth. done 意为“让某事被别人做”,即asksb. to do sth.。过去分词(done)这个动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成，含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成。如:
The driver had his car washed once a week.
那位司机每周叫人洗一次他的车。
真题链接
1.(2022 山东青岛) We have worked so long. Shall we stop a rest
A. have B. to having C. having D. to have
答案解析D
句意：我们已经工作了那么长时间了。我们可以停下来休息一下吗 本题考查动词不定式。stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情;stop to do sth.停止正在做的事情去做另一件事。根据句意可知是停止工作去休息，故答案为D项。
2.(2014湖北黄冈,42)—Grandpa has changed a lot.——So he has. He spends more time than he used to games with the children.
A. play B. playing C. played D. plays
答案解析B
句意：——爷爷变化很大。——的确如此。他比过去花更多的时间和孩子们一起做游戏。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事。故选 B。
经典真题
1.(2021 天津) Peter will you the building and you can meet everyone.
A. lend;to B. show;around C. compare;with D. brush;off
2.(2023 山西)——Song Joongki is a movie star in Asia now.—That's true. He was once an excellent skater but had to skating because of an accident.
A. give up B. go on C. take up
3.(2022 广东,37) Martin and Susan for Shanghai to attend an international meeting yesterday.
A. put off B. fell off C. set off D. kept off
4.(2020 福建福州)—Why are you late for school today —I'm sorry. I didn't catch the early bus and I had to the next one.
A. wait for B. ask for C. care for
5.(2022 山东青岛) Our country is taking action to air pollution.
A. cut down B. cut up C. cut out D. cut off
6.(2023江苏南京) It took me almost a whole day to so many emails.
A. deal with B. cut in C. cheer for D. run out
7.(2021江苏苏州) If the customer rings up for me again, please the call to the sales department.
A. run through B. look through C. go through D. put through
8.( 2022广西南宁)—What's the meaning of“secretary” —Let me the word in the dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up
9.(2023吉林) Joining a summer camp is a great chance free time with your friends.
A. spend B. spending C. to spend
10.(2021山东) These people dress themselves in bloody shark suits. They tell people shark fins in order to protect sharks.
A. eat B. to eat C. not eat D. not to eat
11.(2021 湖南) My teacher asked me the room.
A. clean B. cleans C. to clean
12.(2022 江苏) Our teacher often advises us the habit of making notes while reading.
A. to develop B. develop C. to developing D. developing
13.(2021 广东) Annie's parents encouraged her when she was very young.
A. to dance B. dancing C. dance D. danced
14.( 2023四川) My parents don't allow me late.
A. stay up B. to stay up C. stays up D. staying up
15.(2022江苏) It's reported that Jiangsu Grand Theatre in September this year.
A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed
16.(2020 湖南) Now smart phones in many ways in our daily life.
A. are used B. is used C. are using
17.(2022 四川) Chinese by more and more people around the world.
A. is spoken B. spoke C. are spoken D. speaks
18.(2023陕西) My mother a good example for me since I was young.
A. was B. has been C. will be D. is
19.(2021新疆)—What would you like to do to relax yourself —I prefer basketball rather than magazines.
A. playing;reading B. to play;to read C. play;read D. to play;read
20.(2022 山东) Children should to be honest from a young age.
A. educate B. be educated C. punish D. be punished
21.(2021广东) School violence(暴力) much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible.
A. drew B. will draw C. has drawn D. was drawing
22.(2021宁夏)—Look! Someone the classroom.—Well, it wasn't me. I didn't do it.
A. is cleaning B. was cleaning C. has cleaned D. will clean
23.(2024黑龙江)—Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now
——Certainly. In the principal's office. They happily at that time.
A. are talking B. have talked C. were talking
24.(2023 福建)—The boy misses his parents very much.—So he does. They the hometown for nearly two years.
A. have left B. will leave C. have been away from
25.(2022山东) William Shakespeare for400 years, but his works still have great influence today.
A. died B. was dying C. has died D. has been dead
26.(2022山东)——Lucy has to London.How can I get in touch with her —Don't worry. She will phone you as soon as she there.
A. been;will get B. been;gets C. gone;will get D. gone;gets
27.(2021山东)—Did you call Jenny —Oh no, I forgot. I her right away.
A. called B. have called C. call D. will call
28.(2022 湖南)—I think I'll take a bus to the meeting.—The bus If you , you will be late.
A. do B. have done C. will do
29.(2021 湖南) Frank knows much about the city because he there many times.
A. went B. has gone C. has been
30.(2020 宁夏)—Can I go swimming, Mom —Certainly. But you be back by four.
A. can B. may C. might D. must
31.(2023山东) The girl in the classroom be Sarah. She has gone to the library.
A. may B. must C. can't D. needn't
32.(2020山东) Students enjoy the colorful school life if they study at home instead of going to school.
A. mustn't B. can't C. must D. can
33.(2022 江苏)—What does Justin Bieber’s song Never Say Never impress you most
——It tells us that we do almost anything if we never give up.
A. can B. have to C. should D. need
34.(2023福建)——Mum, what are you cooking in the kitchen It so good!
——Fried noodles.
A. smells B. tastes C. sounds
35.(2021江西) The water dark and dirty. It's no longer safe to drink.
A. became B. has become C. will become D. was becoming
36.(2022 河北) The air fresh after the rain.And the sky is blue.
A. feels B. tastes C. smells D. sounds
37.(2023 安徽) For our own safety, it's important to the traffic rules on the way to school.
A. follow B. change C. make D. break
38.(2024 山西) In our life, we need to those people who help us, such as our parents, teachers and friends.
A. thank B. remind C. teach
39.(2022 江苏) Can you help me those exercise books I got a different number each time.
A. carry B. move C. write D. count
40.(2021湖北)——Where is Xi's Family Garden(习家池) —It 5km south to the Old City of Xiangyang.
A. lies B. lives C. lays D. lists
答案
经典真题
1.B 句意:彼得将带你参观大楼,(届时)你可以和大家见面。本题考查动词短语辨析。lend to 把…借给;show around带.……参观;compare with和...…进行比较;brush off 刷掉。根据句意可知选择B项。
2.A 句意:--宋仲基现在是亚洲的电影明星。--没错。他曾经是一名优秀的滑冰运动员,但因为一次事故不得不放弃滑冰。本题考查动词短语。give up 放弃;go on 继续;take up从事,占据。根据句意可知答案为A项。
3.C 句意:马丁和苏珊昨天出发去上海参加一个国际会议了。本题考查动词短语。put off 推迟;fall off 跌落;set off 出发;keep off 远离。根据句意可知答案为 C项。
4.A 句意:一今天你为什么上学迟到了 --很抱歉,我没有赶上早班车,我不得不等下一辆。本题考
看,照顾。根据句意可知选A。 查动词词组。wait for等候;askfor请求;care for照
5.A 句意:我们国家正在采取行动来减少空气污染。本题考查动词短语。cutdown减少,砍倒;cut up切碎;cut out 删掉;cut off 切断。根据句意可知答案为 A 项。
6.A 句意:处理这么多的邮件几乎花了我一整天的时间。本题考查动词短语辨析。cut in插嘴;cheer for为……喝彩;run out耗尽,用完。deal with处理,符合题意。故选A项。
7.D 句意:如果顾客再打电话给我,请把电话转到销售部门。本题考查动词短语辨析。run through贯穿; look through浏览;gothrough 穿过;put through接通电话。根据句意可知选D项。
8.D句意:--“secretary”的意思是什么 --让我从词典里查一下这个单词。本题考查动词短语辨析。look at 看;look for寻找;look after照顾;look up查阅。根据题意选D。
9.C 句意:参加夏令营是和你的朋友们一起度过空闲时光的好机会。本题考查非谓语动词。a chance to do sth.意为“一个做某事的机会”,故选择C。
10.D 句意:这些人穿上血腥的鲨鱼服装。他们告诉
人们不要吃鱼翅,以便保护鲨鱼。本题考查动词查动词 tell 的用法。tell sb.( not ) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事。故选 D。
11.C 句意:我的老师要求我打扫房间。本题考查非
谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.为固定用法,意为“让某人做某事”。故答案为C。
12.A句意:我们老师经常劝告我们要养成读书时记
笔记的习惯。本题考查非谓语动词。advisesb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事。故选A项。
13.A 句意:安妮的父母在她很小的时候就鼓励她跳舞。encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。故选 A项。
14.B句意:我的父母不允许我熬夜。本题考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。
15.D句意:据报道,江苏大剧院将在今年9月份完工。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语 in September this year可知,应用一般将来时;主语 JiangsuGrand Theatre和complete之间为被动关系，应用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选D项。
16.A 句意:现在智能手机被应用于我们日常生活的很多方面。本题考查被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成。主语为复数形式,且为一般现在时,因此be动词应用are。故答案为A。
17.A句意:世界上越来越多的人说汉语。本题考查被动语态。Chinese和speak之间存在被动关系,且Chinese为第三人称单数,故选A。
18.B句意:我妈妈自从我小的时候就给我树立了好的榜样。本题考查动词时态。由题干中的since I was young可知主句应用现在完成时,故答案为B项。
19.D句意:--你喜欢做什么来放松你自己 我宁愿打篮球而不愿意看杂志。本题考查固定搭配。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿意做某事。故答案为D项。
B句意:孩子应该从小被教育做个诚实的人。本题考查动词的被动语态。children和educate之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;又因设空处前有情态动词,应用含有情态动词的被动语态,其构成为:情态动词+be +动词过去分词。故答案为B项。
21.C句意:校园暴力已经引起整个社会的高度关注，而且人们呼吁政府尽可能早地制定法律来抵制它。本题考查动词时态。由句意可知应用现在完成时，故答案为C项。
22.C句意:--看!有人打扫过教室。-哦,不是我。我没有做。本题考查动词的时态。is cleaning正在打扫;was cleaning(过去某个时间)正在打扫; has cleaned 已经打扫过;will clean将要打扫。根据句意可知是有人已经打扫过,故选C。
23.C 句意:--你能告诉我刚才在哪儿找到的高老师吗 ---当然可以。在校长办公室。那时他们在高兴地谈话。本题考查动词的时态。are talking为现在进行时;have talked为现在完成时;were talking 为过去进行时。at that time为过去进行时的标志词,故本题答案为C项。
24.C 句意:---那个男孩非常想念他的父母。一确实是这样,他们离开家乡将近两年了。本题考查动词及其时态。根据时间状语for nearly two years可知,应用现在完成时;非延续性动词不能与“for+一段时间”连用,leave是非延续性动词,需转换成 be away 表示状态。故选C。
25.D句意:威廉·莎士比亚已经逝世400年了,但现在他的作品仍然有很大的影响力。本题考查动词时态。由题干中的for 400years可知应用现在完成时,且用延续性动词,排除A、B两项;C项中动词 die是非延续性动词,排除C项。故答案为D项。
26.D 句意:--露西去了伦敦。我如何能和她取得联系 --不要担心。她一到那儿就会给你打电话。本题考查动词时态。have/has gone to意为“去了”;have/has been to意为“去过”。由语境可知露西去了伦敦,故首先排除A和B;答句后一句为含 as soon as 的时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时,所以排除 C。故选 D。
27.D 句意:--你给珍妮打电话了吗 -哦,我忘了。我马上给她打电话。本题考查一right away 立即,马上。此处表示马上打电话,应用一般将来时。故选D。
28.A 句意:--我想我将乘坐公共汽车去开
会。--公共汽车 如果你这么做,你将迟到。本题考查时态。在if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故答案为A。
29.C句意:弗兰克非常了解这座城市,因为他去过那
儿很多次了。went用于一般过去时;has gone表示去了某地,还没有回来,用于现在完成时; has been表示去过某地,已经回来了,用于现在完成时。由 many times(很多次)可知此处要用has been表示去过某地。
30.D 句意:--我能去游泳吗,妈妈 当然可
以。但是你必须四点前回来。本题考查情态动词。 can 可以,能够;may或许,可以;might 或许(表语气的婉转);must必须。根据句意可知选D。
31.C句意:在教室里的那个女孩不可能是萨拉。她
已经去图书馆了。本题考查情态动词。may也许; must 一定;can't 不可能;needn’t没必要。根据句意可知答案为C项。
32.B 句意:如果学生们在家里学习而不是去上学的
话,他们就不能享受多姿多彩的校园生活了。本题考查情态动词。mustn't禁止;can’t不能。must 一定;can 可以,能够。根据语境应选B。
33.A 句意:--贾斯汀·比伯的歌曲《永不言败》给
你印象最深的是什么 --它告诉我们只要我们永不放弃,就几乎可以做任何事。本题考查情态动词。can能够;have to 不得不;should应该;need需安。恨据可总要，根据句意可知选A项。
34.A 句意:--妈妈,你正在厨房里做什么饭 它闻起
来这么香!--炒面。本题考查连系动词。smell闻起来;taste 尝起来;sound 听起来。根据句意可知选A。35.B 句意:水变得又黑又脏。喝起来不再安全了。
本题考查动词时态。由句意可知应用现在完成时，其构成为:have/has +动词过去分词。故答案为 B项。
36.C 句意:雨后空气闻起来是新鲜的。并且天空是蓝色的。本题考查动词辨析。feel摸起来;taste尝起来;smell 闻起来;sound听起来。根据句意可知选C。
37.A 句意:为了我们自己的安全,在上学路上遵守交通规则是重要的。本题考查动词辨析。follow遵守; change 改变;make制造;break 打破。根据句意可知答案为A项。
38.A 句意:在我们的生活中,我们需要感谢那些帮助我们的人,比如我们的父母、老师和朋友。本题考查动词辨析。thank感谢;remind 提醒,使想起; teach 教导。根据句意可知答案为A项。
39.D 句意:你能帮我数一数那些练习本吗 我每次都数出不同的数字。本题考查动词词义辨析。carry 提,搬;move 移动;write写;count数。根据题干第二句I got a different number each time.可知,说话者是想让人帮忙数练习本。故选D项。
40.A 句意:--习家池在哪里 --它坐落在襄阳古城的南边五公里处。本题考查动词词义辨析。 lie 位于;live生活,居住;lay 安放;list列举。