Unit 6 Electricity
【教学目录】
掌握本单元重要词汇
掌握本单元重要短语
掌握本单元重要语法
情态动词与被动语态结合
现在完成时与被动语态结合
【重要词汇讲解】
1. electricity n. 电
【知识拓展】electric(adj)电的;电动的 electrical(adj)电子的;电器科学的
2. conversation n. 谈话
【】have a conversation with sb 和某人谈话
3. *identity v. 确认;认出
4. rule n. 规则
5. anyone pro n. 任何人
【知识拓展】anyone是代词,意为“任何人”,anyone = anybody,作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.
例如:Anyone can come to the party. 任何人都能来参加这个聚会。
【区分】
(1) everyone意为“所有人,每个人”,同义词为everybody,相当于each person。当everyone在句中作主语的时候,句子的谓语动词应使用单数形式。例如:Everyone knows it. 大家都知道这件事。
(2) someone意为“某人”,等同于somebody,只可用来指代人。
例如:Someone wants to talk with you. 有人想和你谈话。
6. reply v. 回答
【知识拓展】reply to sb:回应某人
7. foolish adj. 愚蠢的
【知识拓展】fool(n)愚蠢
8. wire n. 电线
9. connect v. (使)连接
【知识拓展】connect 动词,意为“连接,把……连接起来”。常用于“connect + 名词/代词+ with / to…”表示“把……连起来”。
例如:I can t connect the computer to (with) the printer. 我不会把打印机和电脑连在一起。
10. *cable n. 电缆
11. moment n. 瞬间;片刻
【知识拓展】1.moment 可数名词, 意为”瞬间;片刻”
如:I d like to talk to you for a moment.
与moment 相关的短语:
a moment ago 刚刚;刚才如:
at the moment 现在;此刻如:
wait a moment 等一会儿如:
12. battery n. 电池
cooker n. 厨灶;炉具
【知识拓展】(1) cook作及物动词,意为“烧饭”,其后可接三餐或具体的某种菜肴作宾语,也可作不及物动词。
例如: My mother cooks breakfast for me every morning. 妈妈每天早上给我做早饭。
cook 作名词,意为“厨师”。
例如:His uncle is a good cook. 他的叔叔是一个好厨师。
14. fridge n. 冰箱
15. *bulb n. 电灯泡
16. lock v. (用锁)锁上
17. test v. 测试
18. tidy v. 使整洁;使整齐
【知识拓展】tidy up =clean up 打扫干净
touch v. 触摸;碰
【知识拓展】keep in touch with 和……保持联系
【重要短语】
a packet of :
2. in a way:
3. (be) connected to:
4. power station:
5. washing machine:
6. switch off:
7. tidy up:
8. air conditioner:
【答案解析】1.一袋2.在某种程度上3.连接到4.发电站
5.洗衣机6.关(电灯、机器等)7.收拾妥;整理好8.空调
【重要语法】
一、情态动词的定义
情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。
二、情态动词的特点
1. 情态动词无人称和数的变化,
2. 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。
3. 个别情态动词有过去式, 过去式用来表达更客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在。
三、情态动词的用法
1. can/could;can t/couldn t (否定)
1) 表示能力, 意为“能、会”, 例如:
如:I can speak a little English. I can t swim.
2) 表示请求或允许,多用于口语中,意为“可以、能”等
如:You can go home now. 现在你可以回家了
3) 用于否定句、疑问句中,表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定.
如:Lucy can t be at home now, she went to the park just now.
【注意】
1)could 是can的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式;一种用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在。
2) be able to 意为“有能力,能够做...”, 相当于can/could, 但它有人称,数和时态的变化。
2. may; may not (否定)
1) 表示“请求,许可”,此时与 can 同义,可以互换使用
如:May I borrow your bike
2) may/might表示不太肯定的猜测,意为“有可能”
如:Lucy may come to school late today.
【注意】might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式,一种表示更加委婉, 客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。
3. must;mustn t (否定)
1) must(“必须”, 表示命令),mustn t(“一定不能”, 表示强烈禁止...)
如:You must go to bed before 22:00pm.
注意:在回答must的疑问句中,否定回答用needn t或don't have to表示“不必”,不用mustn t
2) must 还可以表示非常肯定的猜测,意为“一定”
如:The girl in a red skirt must be Lucy.
【课堂练习】
一、单项选择
1. We had____rain and snow this year than last year.
A.few. B.fewer.
C.less. D.little.
2.My classmate is jumping so far! I ________ believe my eyes.
A.can't B.mustn't
C.needn't D.shouldn't
3.You ______ clean the room now. You ________ do it after supper.
A.won't; must B.don't have to; may
C.needn't; must D.should; can
4.— Our classroom is so clean. Who's cleaned it, Li Ming
— Sorry, I don't know. I think _________ did it before class.
somebody B.nobody
C.everyone D.anyone
5.You __________ do it if you really don't want to.
A.mustn't B.can't
C.needn't D.shouldn't
二、首字母填空
6.Someone has been listening to my c with my friend while we are talking on the phone.
7.Keep the milk in the f , or it will go bad.
8.The e in the room is off, so it's dark inside.
9.A c is a large metal device (器具, 装置) for cooking food using gas or electricity.
10.Remember to l the door before you go out.
三、适当形式填空
11. Spring makes me think of . (out)
12. Mike will become much in ten years' time. (strong)
13.What do you know about (electrical)
14.May I have two (battery), please
15.His dream is to be a (cooker) when he grows up. He likes eating.
四、完成句子
16. 高老师不可能在教室。我刚刚在操场看见她了。
Miss Gao in the classroom. I just saw her in the playground.
17.任何人都可以去那个公园。(anyone)
can the park.
18.在假期间许多人去观光。
Many people the holiday.
19.一周后,我收到了他的礼物。(later)
, I received his present.
20.请保持教室整洁。(keep)
Please the classroom .
五、阅读理解
Dear Lily,
Thanks for your letter. Tm happy to have a friend in China.
My name is Gina. I am from England. I'm a 7th grader. Here is a picture of my class. Tm the first one in the first line (排) from the left. I have short brown hair and I'm in green. I like China. Chinese is my favorite subject at school. The man in the middle of the first line is my Chinese teacher Mr Li. He is from Beijing. He wears glasses. I have some good friends in my class. The boy next to me is my friend Mike. He is short and has curly black hair. He is good at playing chess. He is in the school chess club. Judy is also my friend. She is tall and she is in the last line. She is good at music. She is in the music club.
Can you email me a picture of your class.
Yours,
Gina
21.What grade is Gina in
A.Grade Seven. B.Grade Eight.
C.Grade Nine. D.Grade Ten.
22.What subject does Mr Li teach
A.Chinese. B.English.
C.Math. D.Music.
23.What does Mike look like
A.He is tall with curly black hair.
B.He is short with curly black hair.
C.He is tall with straight brown hair.
D.He is short with straight brown hair.
24.Who is good at music
A.Lily. B.Gina.
C.Mike. D.Judy.
25.Lily and Gina are .
A.Sisters B.classmates
C.pen pals D.friends in the same club
【答案解析】
一、1.【答案】C
2.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:我的同学跳得太远了!我不敢相信我的眼睛。A.不能/无法,B.禁止,C.不需要,D.不应该。根据 My classmate is jumping so far! 我的同学跳得太远了!可知应是不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析。注意首先理解选项四个情态动词意思,再根据语境选择合适的情态动词。
3.【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:你现在不必打扫房间。你可以在晚饭后做。won't不会;don't have to不必;needn't不需要;should应该;must必须;may可以;must必须;can可以。第一空 You ________ do it after supper.你……在晚饭后做,可知现在不必打扫房间,可用情态动词don't have to/needn't;第二空根据上文"现在不必打扫房间",可知可以在晚饭后做,可用情态动词may/can。故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析。注意根据语境选择合适的情态动词。
4.【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:——我们教室如此干净。谁打扫的?李明吗?——抱歉,我不知道。我认为有人在课前做的。somebody,不定代词,一些人;nobody,不定代词,没有人;everyone,不定代词,每个人;anyone,不定代词,任何人;根据" Sorry, I don't know."可知" I think……did it before class."要表达我认为有人在课前做的,故选A。
【点评】考查不定代词。识记不定代词的用法。
5.【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你真的不想做那么你就不需要去做。A:禁止,B:不能;C:不需要;D:不应该。根据if you really don't want to如果你真的不想做,可推测应说,如果你真的不想做那你就不需要去做。不需要做某事,needn't do sth。C选项符合句意。故答案为:C。
【点评】考查情态动词,牢记情态动词的含义和用法,从而做出正确的答案。
二、6.【答案】conversation
【解析】【分析】句意:当我和我的朋友正在打电话的时候,某人一直在听我们的谈话。形容词性物主代词修饰名词,所填词是名词词性,根据“talking on the phone”判断出所填词要表达谈话的意思,conversation,不可数名词,谈话、交谈;故填conversation。
【点评】考查不可数名词。识记单词conversation。
7.【答案】fridge
【解析】【分析】句意:把牛奶放在冰箱里,否则会变质的。根据题干中的语句it will go bad及首字母f的提示可知此空需要名词fridge,可数名词;结合句意可知此句需要单数形式,故填fridge。
【点评】考查名词fridge的基本含义及书写。注意fridge是可数名词的用法。
8.【答案】electricity
【解析】【分析】句意:房间里停电了,所以里面很黑。the后跟名词,根据in the room is off, so it's dark inside. 房间黑,可知是停电了,electricity,电,电力,符合题意,故答案为electricity。
【点评】考查名词。注意识记名词electricity的用法。
9.【答案】cooker
【解析】【分析】句意:炊具是一种用煤气或电烹饪食物的大型金属装置。根据题干中的语句a large metal device for cooking food using gas or electricity及首字母C的提示可知此句需要名词cooker,灶具,可数名词。由a提示要用单数形式,故填cooker。
【点评】考查名词,注意cooker的基本含义及书写。
10.【答案】lock
【解析】【分析】句意:出去前记得锁门。根据"Remember to……the door before you go out."可知此处要表达出去前记得锁门,remember,动词,记住,remember to do,记得做某事;lock,动词,锁,故填lock。
【点评】考查动词原形。识记lock的词性、词义及用法,掌握remember的用法。
三、11.【答案】outing
12.【答案】stronger
13.【答案】electricity
【解析】【分析】句意:关于电你知道吗?electrical电的,形容词,about关于,后面用名词,electrical的名词是electricity,电,不可数名词,故填electricity。
【点评】考查词性转化,首先识记单词及词性,然后识记介词后面用宾语。
14.【答案】batteries
【解析】【分析】句意:我可以买两块电池吗?battery电池,可数名词,two后面用可数名词复数,battery的复数是batteries,故填batteries。
【点评】考查可数名词复数,注意平时识记可数名词复数变化规则。
15.【答案】cook
【解析】【分析】句意:他的梦想是长大时成为一名厨师。他喜欢吃。cooker厨具,可数名词。be成为,结合句子可知是想成为一名厨师,cook厨师,可数名词,a后面用可数名词单数,故填cooker。
【点评】考查词义辨析,首先识记单词词义,然后根据句意确定,注意可数名词单复数形式。
四、、16.【答案】can't;be
17.【答案】Anyone;go;to
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少"任何人""去"。任何人,anyone,在此句中位于句首首字母需要大写;去,动词,go,固定搭配go to sp.去某地;故填Anyone,go,to。
【点评】考查不定代词、固定搭配。掌握不定代词的用法,识记短语go to sp.。
18.【答案】go;sightseeing
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少"去观光"。此句描述现实情况,句子用一般现在时,固定搭配go sightseeing,去观光,用在此处符合句意,故填go,sightseeing。
【点评】考查固定搭配。识记短语go sightseeing的用法。
19.【答案】A;week;later
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少"一周后"。周,星期,week;later,……之后;固定搭配a week later,一周后,a位于句首首首字母需要大写,故填A week later。
【点评】考查固定搭配。识记later的用法。
20.【答案】keep;clean
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照,缺少"保持整洁"。keep,动词,保持,固定搭配keep+宾语+形容词做宾语补足语,clean,形容词,干净的,keep the classesroom clean,保持教室干净,故填keep,clean。
【点评】考查固定搭配。识记keep的用法。
五、【答案】21.A
22.A
23.B
24.D
25.C