2024年中考英语课件：话题十三 卫生与健康课件(共46张PPT)

(共46张PPT)
2024年中考英语课件
第一部分 话题培优
话题十三 卫生与健康
重难点突破
表达能力提升
核心素养培优
卫生与健康（Hygiene and health）属于《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》话题项目表中第十三个话题，二级子话题分别为身体部位（Parts of body）、体育健身（Physical fitness and exercise）、个人卫生（Personal hygiene）、疾病（Illnesses）、健康饮食（Healthy diet）、医疗（Medical care）。该话题涉及个人日常的卫生与健康习惯，想要自如地表述更多有关本话题的内容，需要掌握以下知识点。
重难点突破
01
1. 辨析however与but
【观察】① She was ill. However,she still went to work.
② It is a sunny morning, but very cold.
【探究】（1）however作副词，意为“然而；可是”，常位于句首或句中，用逗号与前后的内容隔开，表示一种转折关系。
（2）but作连词，意为“但是”，可连接两个并列成分，表示一种转折关系。
【运用】用however或but 填空。
（1）It began to rain. _________, we went out to look for the boy.
However
（2）He likes sports,____his wife likes music.
but
（3）Later,_________,he changed his mind.
however
（4）It’s raining, ____ I think we should go out.
but
单项选择。
（5）The little boy is only six years old. ___, he can write novels.
C
A.So B.But C.However D.And
2. 辨析 spend,take,cost与pay
【观察】① He spends much time on his work every day.
② I spent a lot of time（in） reading books.
③ It took Mr. Green an hour to finish his work yesterday.
④ This book cost me 6 dollars.
⑤ I paid 5 yuan for this knife.
【探究】
单词 含义 主语 句型
spend 花费（时间、 金钱等） 主语是人 Sb. spends/spent…on
sth.//Sb. spends/spent…
（in） doing sth.
take 花费（时间） It作形式主语， 真正的主语是后 面的动词不定式 It takes /took
sb. some time
to do sth.
单词 含义 主语 句型
cost 花费（时间、 金钱等） 主语通常是物 Sth. costs sb. some money.
pay 花费 主语是人 Sb.pays/paid some money
for sth.
续表
【运用】单项选择。
（1）I enjoy playing computer games, but I can’t ___ too much time
___that.
B
B
A.take; doing B.spend; doing C.spend; for doing D.take; to do
用spend， cost， take或pay的适当形式填空。
（2）I love traveling a lot, so I often ______ a lot of time traveling
around the world. Last month I was very excited because my parents
agreed to _____ for my trip to Xi’an as my birthday gift. It _____ me
over 10 hours to get there by air. I fell in love with this city and I
bought lots of nice postcards for my friends. And they didn’t _____ me
too much money. What an unforgettable experience it was!
spend
pay
took
cost
表达能力提升
02
Ⅰ.补全对话
（2021·河南中考改编）根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入
一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。
A: Hi, Linda. I haven’t seen you for days.
1.____________________________________________________________
B: I was ill last week. I had to stay at home for several days.
What happened/What’s up/Where did you go/Where have you been
A: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.
2.__________________________________________________
B: Yes, I did. I took some medical tests and the doctor told me that
I just got a fever.
A: I see. How are you feeling now
B: 3.________________________________. So I am back to school
today.
A: I think you’d better take more exercise. By the way, have you
Did you see a doctor/Did you go to （the） hospital
I’m feeling better now/Much better
ever been to the new sports center
B: Not yet. 4._____________________？
A: We can do sports there,such as playing football and playing table
tennis.
B: Sounds interesting. 5. _______________________
A: It’s only 2 kilometers away from here.
B: Great! Let’s go there after school.
What can we do there
How far is it from here
Ⅱ.书面表达
（2022·重庆中考A卷改编）科学研究发现，快乐可以让我们身体更健康、思维更敏捷、心态更阳光。独乐乐不如众乐乐。某英语网站以“传递快乐”为主题发起故事分享活动，请讲述生活中你通过传递快乐（直接或间接的）感染他人的小故事。
参考信息：
1. 起因，经过；
2. 结果，感悟；
3. ……
要求：
1. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称；
2. 词数：不少于70。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Here is my story.
Once my classmates and I walked around on the playground. Nobody said anything because of the coming examination. How I wished to see their smiling faces! Suddenly, an idea struck me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________
I stopped, raised my head and looked up. Some classmates asked me what was happening. I just opened my mouth wide, looking up into the sky. Soon, more and more classmates looked up, asking what had happened on earth. “Nothing! Just for fun! Haha...” I couldn’t help laughing. Being silent for a few seconds, they all laughed loudly. All the students and teachers passing by laughed with us.
My act of happiness cheered others up, and cheering others up brought me a happier day.
核心素养培优
03
Ⅰ.完形填空
（2022·天津中考）阅读下面短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
When my sister Gina was born, she had a problem with her heart. She was weak after a long . .1. . and had to go to the hospital very often. She had . .2. . walking, playing with other children, and going to school.
Our parents wanted to take Gina to a special place in Florida and hoped Gina could . .3. . with dolphins（海豚）. When Gina knew it, she was . .4. . because she didn’t know whether it was easy to be around dolphins.
When we got to Florida, we couldn’t wait to . .5. . the place. Kids who had . .6. . needs like Gina could come and spend time with dolphins. I thought it was going to be a vacation, . .7. . it wasn’t. Gina had to work hard every day for a week.
However, the trip was amazing. Gina . .8. . and clapped （鼓掌） when she saw the dolphins. One of the dolphins squeaked （尖叫） happily to . .9. . her. They swam together all day. Gina was able to move her body more than she . .10. . did at home. Mom and Dad were proud of Gina. I was, too.
1.( )A.health B.illness C.peace D.letter
B
2.( )A.trouble B.success C.trust D.tradition
A
3.( )A.draw B.cook C.swim D.skate
C
4.( )A.polite B.sleepy C.worried D.honest
C
5.( )A.help B.clean C.invent D.visit
D
6.( )A.boring B.special C.harmful D.careless
B
7.( )A.but B.because C.so D.and
A
8.( )A.locked B.laughed C.escaped D.apologized
B
9.( )A.hurt B.punish C.forget D.welcome
D
10.( )A.hardly B.loudly C.usually D.immediately
C
Ⅱ.阅读理解
（2022·广元中考） 第一节：阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题的一个最佳答案。
Healthy Living Habits for Teenagers
Things to do __________________________________________ _________________________________________ ___________________________________ _________________________________
Brushing teeth
Drinking milk
Goingto bed
Eatingfruits
Proper time After getting up and before going to bed During breakfast Around 23:00 After meals
Advant ages To reduce germs （细菌） in the mouth To keep the body strong and help sleep well To be good for a deep sleep To keep the
body strong
More tips Brush the tongue while brushing teeth Avoid drinking it when having a stomach-ache Sleep for at least 8 hours every night Wash
carefully
before
eating them
续表
1.What advantage does brushing teeth have ( )
C
A.It can keep the body strong. B.It helps sleep well.
C.It can reduce germs in the mouth. D.It helps have a good voice.
2.What’s the proper time for teenagers to drink milk ( )
B
A.Before going to bed. B.During breakfast.
C.After getting up. D.After meals.
3.What is the earliest time for teenagers to get up in the morning ( )
C
A.At 5:00. B.At 6:00. C.At 7:00. D.At 8:00.
4.What are helpful to keep the body strong ( )
A
A.Drinking milk and eating fruits. B.Going to bed and brushing teeth.
C.Eating fruits and brushing teeth. D.Drinking milk and going to bed.
5.Where can we probably read the passage ( )
D
A.In a storybook. B.In a novel. C.In a dictionary. D.In a magazine.
（2020·绥化中考）第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you sleep well every night？Studies show if we have a good
rest, we must have more energy to study. At the same time, we will be
healthier.
The sleep environment is very important to us. The bedroom is the
main place where we sleep at night, so its environment directly affects
the quality of our sleep. 1.___ So we should advise our parents to pay
E
attention to our bedroom environment.
2.___ The bedroom light should be neither too bright nor too dark.
If the light is too dark, it will affect people’s eyesight. If the light is too
bright, it can affect the speed of falling asleep. So we should choose a
kind of yellow light that gives feeling of warmth.
3.___ Many old people like to put a lot of flowers in the bedroom.
Of course these flowers can make us relaxed and feel well. But there are
too many plants in the bedroom, which can really affect people’s sleep
B
D
quality.4.___
Our bedroom should be ventilated（通风）often. 5.___ Otherwise, we
may find it difficult to breathe, which can affect our sleep quality.
F
G
A. We should sleep at night with windows open.
B. Our bedroom should have proper light.
C. We should pay attention to our eyesight.
D. There shouldn’t be too many flowers in our bedroom.
E. And good sleep plays an important role in our health.
F. So don’t put too many plants in our bedroom.
G. We should often open the window so that fresh air can come in.
Ⅲ.短文填空
（2022·成都中考改编）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
clear, complete, shine, follow, health,
luck, silence, ten, touch, well
When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered
and clapped. Then it was Niu’s turn. The audience suddenly became
1.______. However, after four or five seconds, Niu 2._______ heard
silent
clearly
someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!”
Niu Yu, 24, became a（n） 3.________ star at Shanghai Fashion
Week for her confidence, even though she was wearing a prosthetic leg.
When Niu was only 11, she 4._________ lost her right leg during the
Wenchuan Earthquake.
Niu has won lots of praise. This gives those who have prejudice
（偏见） against the disabled a hit on the nose. “I was 5.________ by
something the brand owners said. They said the traditional view was that
shining
unluckily
touched
sports were for people with 6.________ legs, but sports should be a kind
of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply love sports and
will do so forever,” Niu said. Actually, Niu first drew the public’s
attention when she 7.__________ a marathon—a 42-kilometer race in
2018, which was held in Wenchuan to mark the 8.______ anniversary
（周年纪念） of the earthquake.
Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 850 000
9._________ on social platforms, such as Douyin. “I feel I have a social
healthy
completed
tenth
followers
responsibility to bridge the disabled and the public. Showing my life to
the public can allow them to 10.__________ understand our group and
can also tell other disabled people that our society is more tolerant（宽容）
than they imagined,” she explained.
better/well
Ⅳ.任务型阅读
（2021 ·天津中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
A vegetarian（素食者）is someone who does not eat meat. Being a vegetarian has become a popular choice. In fact, 1 in every 200 kids in the US is a vegetarian. Most people choose to be vegetarians for many reasons.
First, they believe that a vegetarian diet（饮食）is good for health. It usually has less fat （脂肪）than a diet that includes meat. Vegetarians eat a low-fat diet to stay fit and healthy. A vegetarian diet also provides many vitamins（维生素） that people can’t get from meat. These vitamins protect people from some diseases.
Second, many vegetarians are worried about how animals are raised and killed for food. They hope animals can be better treated.
Finally, they think being a vegetarian can help the planet. People use more energy, water and land to raise animals for food than to grow fruit and vegetables. Also animals put greenhouse gases（温室气体）into the air. These gases cause global warming（全球变暖）.
Vegetarians advise people to have just a couple of vegetarian meals a week to make the world a better place.
1.How many reasons are mentioned in the passage
________ reasons are mentioned in the passage.
Three/3
2.Why do vegetarians eat a low-fat diet
Because they want to stay ______________.
fit and healthy
3.What are many vegetarians worried about
Many vegetarians are worried about
_______________________________________.
how animals are raised and killed for food
4.What can cause global warming
______________________________________ can cause global warming.
Greenhouse gases（produced by animals）
5.What do vegetarians advise people to do
Vegetarians advise people to ___________________________________ a
week.
have just a couple of vegetarian meals
thanks