湖南省益阳市赫山区箴言龙光桥学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期开学考试英语试题
一、/span>、第一部分 阅读，第一节（共11小题：每小题2分，满分22分）
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
John's Calendar
Monday Morning: school Afternoon: soccer practice Evening: do homework Thursday Morning: school Afternoon: babysitting Evening: help my parents
Tuesday Morning: school Afternoon: visit Uncle Liu Evening: study for the test Friday Morning: school Evening: Sue's party
Wednesday Morning: school Evening: do homework Saturday Sunday
1．What is John going to do on Thursday afternoon
A．Visiting Uncle Liu.
B．Babysitting.
C．Helping his parents.
2．How many days does John have to go to school
A．Four. B．Five. C．Six.
3．What does John do on weekends
A．Go to school.
B．Help his parents.
C．He can do anything he wants to do.
【答案】1．B
2．B
3．B
【知识点】其他语篇类型；日常活动
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是约翰的日历，介绍了约翰一周需要做的事情。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及到了两种阅读理解的题型：细节理解题和推理判断题。做细节理解题时，注意从文中找到相关的依据，结合问题选出正确选项；做推理判断题时，注意通读全文，结合上下文选出正确答案。
1．细节理解题。根据Thursday Afternoon: babysitting可知约翰星期四下午要做保姆。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Monday Morning: school、Thursday Morning: school、 TuesdayMorning: school、 Wednesday Morning: school和Friday Morning: school可知约翰每周上五天学。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据Monday Morning: school、Thursday Morning: school、 TuesdayMorning: school、 Wednesday Morning: school和Friday Morning: school可知约翰周末不上学，因此排除选项A；选项C"他可以做任何他想做的事。"根据实际情况也不可能。故选B。
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
There is a bulletin board (布告牌) in the dining hall at Hangzhou Normal University. It tells the history of a "2-yuan" meal there.
The university started offering (提供) the cheap meal in 2005. And they never changed the price after that. Students can have a bowl of rice, one meat dish and one vegetable dish for only two yuan.
The idea came from a discussion with students. They said some of their classmates didn't have enough money to pay for their meals. Some only bought a bowl of rice and had the free soup. After learning that, a group of teachers in the university had a meeting. They hoped to solve the problem as soon as possible. Finally, they decided to set up (设立) a special window to offer the "2-yuan" meal to students in need.
The university moved many times in the past years, but students could always have the 2-yuan meal. It became a tradition in the university. Every day, about 1,200 students enjoy the meal. There are many new dishes on the menu now, like fish, meatballs and chicken wings. The rice is refillable (可续的), and there is still free soup.
The warm story really touched many people's hearts.
4．The bulletin board tells us ____.
A．how to cook
B．what the cooks will make
C．the history of the "2-yuan" meal
5．The "2-yuan" meal offers the students ____.
①one vegetable dish ②one meat dish
③a bowl of soup ④a bowl of rice
⑤a bottle of juice
A．①②③⑤ B．①②③④ C．②③④⑤
6．What does the underlined word "that" refer to
A．The meal. B．The student. C．The problem.
7．Why did the writer write this passage
A．To tell people a warm story.
B．To ask people to save money.
C．To tell people where to buy cheap food.
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．C
7．A
【知识点】说明文；校园文化
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍杭州师范大学食堂里的关于"2元"餐历史。
【点评】考查阅读理解。把文章浏览一遍，搞清楚所讲的大体意思，再结合题目中所陈述的观点在文中找到相应的句子进行作答，要细心的理解全文和题目所给信息的差异。
4．细节理解题。根据 It tells the history of a "2-yuan" meal there. 可知公告牌告诉我们"2元餐"的历史。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据tudents can have a bowl of rice, one meat dish and one vegetable dish for only two yuan.和 and there is still free soup. "2元"餐为学生提供一碗饭，一荤一素才两块钱。而且还有免费的汤。故选B。
6．代词指代题。根据 They said some of their classmates didn't have enough money to pay for their meals. Some only bought a bowl of rice and had the free soup. 可知that指的是"一些同学没有足够的钱来支付餐费。有的只买一碗米饭，喝免费的汤。"这个问题。故选C。
7．目的意图题。根据 The warm story really touched many people's hearts. 可知这个温暖的故事确实感动了很多人的心。因此作者写这个故事是为了告诉人们一个温暖的故事。故选A。
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Do you feel sleepy on rainy days If the answer is yes, you are not alone (单独的). Many people feel the same way. But do you know why
One of the reasons is that there is little sunshine on rainy days. Our brain (大脑) will have less serotonin (血清素) and more melatonin (褪黑素) if there is not enough sunlight. Serotonin helps us feel good, while melatonin makes us feel sleepy. As a result, we may want to go to sleep and even feel a bit sad when it is rainy.
The humidity (湿度) of a rainy day is another reason. As it rains, the air becomes wetter than usual. It's more difficult for our sweat (汗水) to dry in weather like this, so our body has to work harder to stay cool. This can make us feel tired.
And the sound of rain, a kind of pink noise, will make us feel sleepy too. Like white noise, pink noise includes (包括) all the sound frequencies (频率) humans can hear, but it has fewer high frequencies than white noise. This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves (脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily.
Now you can understand why you are sleepy on rainy days. Then what can you do if you don't like that feeling Well, you can get as much natural light as possible and keep yourself busy. Also, you can use a machine to make your room dry. In this way, you won't feel sleepy any more.
8．How does the writer start the passage
A．By asking a question.
B．By telling a story.
C．By using a picture.
9．What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)
A．The dry air in the room.
B．The hard work of our body.
C．Little sunshine on rainy days.
10．From the fourth paragraph, we can learn ____.
A．white noise includes fewer high frequencies than pink noise
B．people will have more brain waves when they hear pink noise
C．the softer the noise sounds, the more easily people will feel sleepy
11．The passage is mainly about ____.
A．some tips on keeping healthy in daily life
B．the reasons why people need enough sleep
C．the reasons why people are sleepy in rainy weather
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．C
11．C
【知识点】说明文；身体健康
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍下雨天感到困倦的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解短文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关的信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
8．细节理解题。根据 Do you feel sleepy on rainy days 可知作者以问句的方式开始这篇文章的。故选A。
9．代词指代题。根据 As it rains, the air becomes wetter than usual. It's more difficult for our sweat (汗水) to dry in weather like this, so our body has to work harder to stay cool.可知下雨的时候，空气变得比平常潮湿。在这样的天气里，我们的汗水更难干燥，所以我们的身体必须更加努力地保持凉爽。因此身体是很辛苦的。This 指的就是这种身体的辛苦。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据 This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves (脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily.可知粉红噪音听起来更柔和。当人们听到粉红噪音时，他们会更容易入睡。因此噪音越柔和，人们越容易感到困倦。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍下雨天感到困倦的原因。故选C。
二、阅读，第二节 阅读还原(共4小题：每小题2分，满分8分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Nearly every parent says that we never grow up, even when we are 16 or 17 years old. 12． For example, when I need to stay at home alone, they always worry about me and my life without them.
13． They buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, expensive school things, and even a dear bike. They always do everything for their children. But why their children still can't understand them Does it mean that they still want more material things No.In fact, what they want is a true family. What does a true family mean 14． From here, we can get warmth, we can get consolation(安慰), and we can get happiness. And one important thing is that we can be stronger and more confident in the outside world because we know that we have a family. So I think that parents should sit down to talk with their children to let them know that they have a true family. 15．
No children want to be looked as little ones.
A. Parents always think they give the best things to their children. B. Then the children and their parents could understand each other more. C. They only want their children to get good grades in the exams in return. D. I think it means a place where we can hide ourselves from the cold world outside. E. In their eyes, we are always little ones and always do wrong things.
【答案】12．E；13．A；14．D；15．B
【知识点】说明文；家庭生活
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍父母和孩子之间的问题。父母认为孩子永远长不大，孩子却不想自己永远被视为孩子。最后作者提出了解决办法。
选项意思：A. Parents always think they give the best things to their children.父母总是认为自己给了孩子最好的东西。
B. Then the children and their parents could understand each other more.这样孩子和父母就能更加了解彼此。
C. They only want their children to get good grades in the exams in return.他们只希望孩子能在考试中取得好成绩作为回报。
D. I think it means a place where we can hide ourselves from the cold world outside. 我认为它意味着我们可以隐藏自己以躲避外面寒冷世界的地方。
E. In their eyes, we are always little ones and always do wrong things.在他们眼里，我们总是小孩，总是做错事。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先理解选项及表述的意思，然后判断并寻找正确答案。
12．根据 Nearly every parent says that we never grow up 可知几乎每个父母都说孩子永远长不大。所以在他们眼里，我们总是小孩，总是做错事。故选E。
13．根据They buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, expensive school things, and even a dear bike. They always do everything for their children. 可知父母给孩子买漂亮的衣服、很酷的鞋子、昂贵的学习用品，甚至还有一辆昂贵的自行车。他们总是为孩子做一切。因此父母认为他们给了孩子最好的东西。故选A。
14．根据 What does a true family mean 可知此句要介绍一个真正的家意味着什么。故选D。
15．根据 So I think that parents should sit down to talk with their children to let them know that they have a true family. 可知所以我认为父母应该坐下来和孩子谈谈，让他们知道他们有一个真正的家庭。这样孩子和父母就能更加了解彼此。故选B。
三、阅读。第三节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下面短文，第36~38题请根据短文内容回答问题，第39和40题请将划线部分译成中文或英文。
Do you know what dish is the most popular in the cold winter in China Hot pot(火锅) is many Chinese people's favorite.
No matter in the north or in the south, people all like hot pot very much and every place has its local specials. For example, people in Sichuan like hot dish in it. However, Guangdong hot pot is famous for its freshness. Usually, there is a metal hot pot in the middle of table. When the soup in the pot is kept simmering(慢煮), dishes are put into the pot. Beef, mutton, fish and vegetables are the main dishes. It is very popular in winter because it can keep the dishes warm all the time. During the Spring Festival, friends and family members have a special meal — hot pot. Also, they chat(聊天) happily. It is a good way for them to relax.
There is also hotpot in England, but what are the differences Hotpot is NOT hot pot. China has hot pot in two words but English hotpot is written in one word. The main dishes of English hotpot are simple. They are meat, potatoes and onions. People put it in the oven(烤箱) all day in a heavy pot on a low heat. It is easy to cook.
中国火锅尝起来很美味，英国火锅吃起来也还不错。 Which do you like, hot pot or hotpot
16．Is hot pot many Chinese people's favorite
17．Why is the hot pot popular in winter
18．What are the main dishes of English hotpot
19．将划线部分翻译成中文
20．将划线部分翻译成英文
【答案】16．Yes, it is .
17．Because it can keep the dishes warm all the time.
18．Meat, potatoes and onions.
19．这对他们来说是放松的好方式。
20．Chinese hotpot tastes delicious, and British hotpot also tastes good.
【知识点】说明文；文化差异与文化自信
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍中国火锅和英国火锅的区别。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意先通读一遍短文，了解文章大意，然后再浏览问题，带着问题重新读短文，在文章中找到对应的答案。
16．根据 Hot pot(火锅) is many Chinese people's favorite. 可知火锅是许多中国人的最爱。故答案为Yes, it is .
17．根据It is very popular in winter because it can keep the dishes warm all the time. 可知火锅在冬天很受欢迎，因为它可以使菜肴始终保持温暖。故答案为Because it can keep the dishes warm all the time.
18．根据The main dishes of English hotpot are simple. They are meat, potatoes and onions.可知英式火锅的主菜有肉、土豆和洋葱。故答案为Meat, potatoes and onions.
19． It它；is是；a一种；good好的；way方式；for对于；them他们；to relax放松。固定搭配 It's + 名词+ for sb + to do sth.做某事对某人来说是……。故答案为这对他们来说是放松的好方式。
20．中国火锅Chinese hotpot；尝起来很美味taste delicious；主语是Chinese hotpot，谓语动词用单三形式。英国火锅British hotpot；吃起来还不错taste good；主语是British hotpot hotpot，谓语动词用单三形式。也also。故答案为Chinese hotpot tastes delicious, and British hotpot also tastes good。
四、第二部分 语言运用，第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Three small 21． lived in the 22． . When they were very 23． , their parents died. They had to 24． each other day after day. Finally, they grew up and began to swim deeper and further.
One morning, a 25． wave(浪) took the three fish and also a boat to a shallow(浅滩) water. It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea because the boat was right beside them. The largest fish came to 26． that they were in 27． and said they had to find a 28． to leave there as fast as possible. The second largest fish 29． with his elder brother, but the youngest one did not. He said that there was 30． water for their activities, so he would not worry at all.
At last, the largest fish went back to the sea by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. The second largest fish also 31． his elder brother in the other side of water successfully. But the youngest one didn't 32． them and still swam happily. Two hours 33． , when the sun came out, the water in the small shallow water dried up. Being short of water, the youngest fish died.
Most of the time, we enjoy the comfort we have now. But it's no good for us to 34． consider(考虑) things as they are. Worries will come soon 35． one doesn't have a long-term(长期的) plan. And only when the goal(目标) is right can we be happy with the result.
21．A． fish B． horses C． lions
22．A． sea B． river C． lake
23．A． angry B． young C． special
24．A． listen to B． look after C． worry about
25．A． poor B． piece C． scaring
26．A． like B． enjoy C． understand
27．A． excitement B． danger C． peace
28．A． housework B． health C． way
29．A． agreed B． disagreed C． discussed
30．A． little B． more C． enough
31．A． helps B． joins C． tells
32．A． follow B． show C． prepare
33．A． later B． ago C． before
34．A． never B． sometimes C． always
35．A． although B． unless C． if
【答案】21．A；22．A；23．B；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．B；28．C；29．A；30．C；31．B；32．A；33．A；34．C；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文通过讲述生活在海洋中的三条小鱼的结局暗示人们要时刻意识到潜在危险，不能贪图一时的享乐。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读全文，跳过所缺单词，根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，然后对选项进行区别和选择，最后再读一遍，检查所选的答案。
21．句意：三条鱼生活在海洋里。A fish鱼；B horses马；C lions狮子。根据One morning, a 5 wave(浪) took the three fish and also a boat to a shallow(浅滩) water.可知是三条鱼。故选A。
22．句意：三条鱼生活在海洋里。A sea海洋；B river小河；C lake湖泊。根据 It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea 可知这些鱼生活在海洋里。故选A。
23．句意：当它们很小的时候，它们的父母死了。A angry生气的；B young年轻的；C special特殊的。根据Finally, they grew up and began to swim deeper and further. 可知它们小的时候，父母死了。故选B。
24．句意：他们不得不日复一日地照顾彼此。A listen to听；B look after照顾；C worry about担心。根据When they were very 3 , their parents died. 可知在它们很小的时候，父母就死了，因此它们需要彼此照顾。故选B。
25．句意：一天早上，一个可怕的浪把三条鱼和一艘船冲到了浅滩。A poor贫困的；B piece片；C scaring吓人的。根据 took the three fish and also a boat to a shallow(浅滩) water. 可知浪把三条鱼和一艘船冲到了浅滩，因此浪是可怕的。故选C。
26．句意：最大的鱼开始了解到，它们处于危险之中，并说它们必须找到尽快离开那里的方法。A like喜欢；B enjoy享受；C understand了解。根据At last, the largest fish went back to the sea by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. 可知最后，最大的鱼跳过船的最低处回到了海里。因此它意识到它的危险。故选C。
27．句意：最大的鱼开始了解到，它们处于危险之中，并说它们必须找到尽快离开那里的方法。A excitement兴奋；B danger危险；C peace和平。根据At last, the largest fish went back to the sea by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. 可知最后，最大的鱼跳过船的最低处回到了海里。因此它意识到它的危险，所以最后回到了海里。故选B。
28．句意：最大的鱼开始了解到，它们处于危险之中，并说它们必须找到尽快离开那里的方法。A housework家务活；B health健康；C way方法。根据 The largest fish came to 6 that they were in 7 可知最大的鱼意识到，它们处于危险之中，因此要找方法摆脱危险。故选C。
29．句意：第二大的鱼同意他哥哥的观点，但最小的一条却不同意。A agreed同意；B disagreed摆脱同意；C discussed讨论。根据 but the youngest one did not. 可知第二大的鱼同意他哥哥的观点。故选A。
30．句意：他说有足够的水供他们活动，所以他一点也不担心。A little几乎没有；B more更多的；C enough足够的。根据he would not worry at all. 可知有足够的水，鱼才不担心。故选C。
31．句意：第二大鱼也加了入他的哥哥成功地在水的另一边跳了出来。A helps帮助；B joins加入；C tells告诉。根据 in the other side of water successfully 可知第二条大鱼也和它哥哥一样成功的跳了出来。故选A。
32．句意：但最小的一个没跟随它们，仍然游得很开心。A follow跟随；B show展示；C prepare准备。根据The second largest fish 9 with his elder brother, but the youngest one did not. 可知最小的鱼不想着离开，因此它没跟着哥哥们一起跳进海洋里。故选A。
33．句意：两小时后，太阳出来的时候，小浅水里的水就干了。A later以后；B ago以前；C before在……之前。根据 He said that there was 10 water for their activities,和 the water in the small shallow water dried up. 可知之前有水，两个小时以后没水了。故选A。
34．句意：但总按事物本来的样子来考虑对我们来说是没有好处的。A never从不；B sometimes有时；C always总是。根据 He said that there was 10 water for their activities, so he would not worry at all. 可知最小的鱼不离开是因为它觉得水会一直充足。故选C。
35．句意：忧虑很快就会到来如果一个人没有长期的计划。A although尽管；B unless除非；C if如果。根据 Worries will come soon和one doesn't have a long-term(长期的) plan. 可知后句表示的是假设，因此用连词if。故选C。
五、第二部分 语言运用，第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alex Stemplewski is a photographer (摄影师). He takes photos for strange (陌生的) people in the streets.
One year ago, Alex bought a camera and learned taking photos by 36． (he). He made a resolution to work as a photographer, 37． he found the work didn't go well then. One of the 38． (big) problems was that he didn't know many people in San Francisco, because he just moved there.
Alex wasn't famous at that time, so many models (模特) didn't agree 39． (work) with him. Alex felt helpless. One day, he suddenly had 40． idea, "Why don't I just take free photos for strange people outside It can help me practice my skills (技能) and they can get their photos without 41． (pay) me." Then Alex started to take photos of people in the streets. A few months later, more and more people knew the 42． (talent) man. And now he has about eight million fans.
When Alex takes photos, he often gives some advice 43． the people. People are always 44． (surprise) and happy when they see the pictures. "I'm 45． (certain) glad to bring happiness to them. That's what I really want," said Alex.
【答案】36．himself；37．but；38．biggest；39．to work；40．an；41．paying；42．talented；43．to；44．surprised；45．certainly
【知识点】记叙文；人物传记
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述亚历克斯怎样通过给陌生人拍照使自己著名的。
【点评】考查语法填空，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
36．句意：一年前，Alex 买了一台相机，并自学了拍照。he他，代词。固定搭配by oneself，独自。故答案为himself。
37．句意：他下定决心要当一名摄影师，但是他发现工作并不顺利。根据He made a resolution to work as a photographer, 和 he found the work didn't go well then.可知前后两句表示的是转折关系，因此用转折连词but。故答案为but。
38．句意：最大的问题之一是他在旧金山认识的人不多，因为他刚搬到那里。big大的，形容词。固定搭配one of the +形容词的最高级+可数名词复数。故答案为biggest。
39．句意：Alex当时还没有出名，所以很多模特都不同意和他合作。work工作，动词。固定搭配agree to do sth，同意做某事。故答案为to work。
40．句意：一天，他突然有了一个主意。idea表示的是泛指，且以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。故答案为an。
41．句意：它可以帮助我练习我的技能，而且他们不需要付钱就可以得到他们的照片。pay付钱，动词。without是介词，后接doing。故答案为paying。
42．句意：几个月后，越来越多的人认识了这位有才能的男人。talent才能，名词。man是名词，需用形容词来修饰，talent的形容词修饰是talented。故答案为talented。
43．句意：Alex在拍照的时候，经常会给人们一些建议。固定搭配give sth to sb，给某人某物。故答案为to。
44．句意：人们看到这些照片时总是感 到惊讶和高兴。surprise使……惊讶，动词。are后接形容词构成系表结构，surprise的形容词是surprising/surprised，主语是People。故答案为surprised。
45．句意：我当然很高兴能给他们带来快乐。certain当然，形容词。glad是形容词，需用副词来修饰， certain 的副词形式是certainly。 故答案为certainly。
六、第三部分 写作 (满分15分)
46．（2024八下·赫山开学考） 亲爱的同学们，你对未来的生活有着怎样的期待呢 15年后的你将会从事什么职业，过着怎样的生活呢？请以 "My Life in Fifteen Years" 为主题，综合以下提示写一篇英语短文，畅想未来的生活吧。
提示：(1)想象15年后你将从事的职业；(2)想象15年后你的生活，包括衣、食、住、行等；(3)你将怎么做来实现这种生活。
要求：(1)80词左右； (2)文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
【答案】略
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文；记叙文；介绍语
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文。要求根据提示写一篇英语短文，畅想未来的生活。文章要包括提示中的内容，可以自由发挥，适当加入细节，词数在80左右，主要用一般将来时，主要用第一人称，注意句子之间衔接要连贯，符合英文表达习惯。
【点评】写作时态主要以一般将来时为主，主要用第一人称，文章要包括提示中的内容，上下文联系要紧密、符合逻辑关系，意思表达要准确，单词书写要规范正确， 字迹要工整，语言要精炼， 条理要清晰 ，文章要顺畅、自然和完整。
1 / 1湖南省益阳市赫山区箴言龙光桥学校2023-2024学年八年级下学期开学考试英语试题
一、/span>、第一部分 阅读，第一节（共11小题：每小题2分，满分22分）
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
John's Calendar
Monday Morning: school Afternoon: soccer practice Evening: do homework Thursday Morning: school Afternoon: babysitting Evening: help my parents
Tuesday Morning: school Afternoon: visit Uncle Liu Evening: study for the test Friday Morning: school Evening: Sue's party
Wednesday Morning: school Evening: do homework Saturday Sunday
1．What is John going to do on Thursday afternoon
A．Visiting Uncle Liu.
B．Babysitting.
C．Helping his parents.
2．How many days does John have to go to school
A．Four. B．Five. C．Six.
3．What does John do on weekends
A．Go to school.
B．Help his parents.
C．He can do anything he wants to do.
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
There is a bulletin board (布告牌) in the dining hall at Hangzhou Normal University. It tells the history of a "2-yuan" meal there.
The university started offering (提供) the cheap meal in 2005. And they never changed the price after that. Students can have a bowl of rice, one meat dish and one vegetable dish for only two yuan.
The idea came from a discussion with students. They said some of their classmates didn't have enough money to pay for their meals. Some only bought a bowl of rice and had the free soup. After learning that, a group of teachers in the university had a meeting. They hoped to solve the problem as soon as possible. Finally, they decided to set up (设立) a special window to offer the "2-yuan" meal to students in need.
The university moved many times in the past years, but students could always have the 2-yuan meal. It became a tradition in the university. Every day, about 1,200 students enjoy the meal. There are many new dishes on the menu now, like fish, meatballs and chicken wings. The rice is refillable (可续的), and there is still free soup.
The warm story really touched many people's hearts.
4．The bulletin board tells us ____.
A．how to cook
B．what the cooks will make
C．the history of the "2-yuan" meal
5．The "2-yuan" meal offers the students ____.
①one vegetable dish ②one meat dish
③a bowl of soup ④a bowl of rice
⑤a bottle of juice
A．①②③⑤ B．①②③④ C．②③④⑤
6．What does the underlined word "that" refer to
A．The meal. B．The student. C．The problem.
7．Why did the writer write this passage
A．To tell people a warm story.
B．To ask people to save money.
C．To tell people where to buy cheap food.
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Do you feel sleepy on rainy days If the answer is yes, you are not alone (单独的). Many people feel the same way. But do you know why
One of the reasons is that there is little sunshine on rainy days. Our brain (大脑) will have less serotonin (血清素) and more melatonin (褪黑素) if there is not enough sunlight. Serotonin helps us feel good, while melatonin makes us feel sleepy. As a result, we may want to go to sleep and even feel a bit sad when it is rainy.
The humidity (湿度) of a rainy day is another reason. As it rains, the air becomes wetter than usual. It's more difficult for our sweat (汗水) to dry in weather like this, so our body has to work harder to stay cool. This can make us feel tired.
And the sound of rain, a kind of pink noise, will make us feel sleepy too. Like white noise, pink noise includes (包括) all the sound frequencies (频率) humans can hear, but it has fewer high frequencies than white noise. This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves (脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily.
Now you can understand why you are sleepy on rainy days. Then what can you do if you don't like that feeling Well, you can get as much natural light as possible and keep yourself busy. Also, you can use a machine to make your room dry. In this way, you won't feel sleepy any more.
8．How does the writer start the passage
A．By asking a question.
B．By telling a story.
C．By using a picture.
9．What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)
A．The dry air in the room.
B．The hard work of our body.
C．Little sunshine on rainy days.
10．From the fourth paragraph, we can learn ____.
A．white noise includes fewer high frequencies than pink noise
B．people will have more brain waves when they hear pink noise
C．the softer the noise sounds, the more easily people will feel sleepy
11．The passage is mainly about ____.
A．some tips on keeping healthy in daily life
B．the reasons why people need enough sleep
C．the reasons why people are sleepy in rainy weather
二、阅读，第二节 阅读还原(共4小题：每小题2分，满分8分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Nearly every parent says that we never grow up, even when we are 16 or 17 years old. 12． For example, when I need to stay at home alone, they always worry about me and my life without them.
13． They buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, expensive school things, and even a dear bike. They always do everything for their children. But why their children still can't understand them Does it mean that they still want more material things No.In fact, what they want is a true family. What does a true family mean 14． From here, we can get warmth, we can get consolation(安慰), and we can get happiness. And one important thing is that we can be stronger and more confident in the outside world because we know that we have a family. So I think that parents should sit down to talk with their children to let them know that they have a true family. 15．
No children want to be looked as little ones.
A. Parents always think they give the best things to their children. B. Then the children and their parents could understand each other more. C. They only want their children to get good grades in the exams in return. D. I think it means a place where we can hide ourselves from the cold world outside. E. In their eyes, we are always little ones and always do wrong things.
三、阅读。第三节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下面短文，第36~38题请根据短文内容回答问题，第39和40题请将划线部分译成中文或英文。
Do you know what dish is the most popular in the cold winter in China Hot pot(火锅) is many Chinese people's favorite.
No matter in the north or in the south, people all like hot pot very much and every place has its local specials. For example, people in Sichuan like hot dish in it. However, Guangdong hot pot is famous for its freshness. Usually, there is a metal hot pot in the middle of table. When the soup in the pot is kept simmering(慢煮), dishes are put into the pot. Beef, mutton, fish and vegetables are the main dishes. It is very popular in winter because it can keep the dishes warm all the time. During the Spring Festival, friends and family members have a special meal — hot pot. Also, they chat(聊天) happily. It is a good way for them to relax.
There is also hotpot in England, but what are the differences Hotpot is NOT hot pot. China has hot pot in two words but English hotpot is written in one word. The main dishes of English hotpot are simple. They are meat, potatoes and onions. People put it in the oven(烤箱) all day in a heavy pot on a low heat. It is easy to cook.
中国火锅尝起来很美味，英国火锅吃起来也还不错。 Which do you like, hot pot or hotpot
16．Is hot pot many Chinese people's favorite
17．Why is the hot pot popular in winter
18．What are the main dishes of English hotpot
19．将划线部分翻译成中文
20．将划线部分翻译成英文
四、第二部分 语言运用，第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Three small 21． lived in the 22． . When they were very 23． , their parents died. They had to 24． each other day after day. Finally, they grew up and began to swim deeper and further.
One morning, a 25． wave(浪) took the three fish and also a boat to a shallow(浅滩) water. It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea because the boat was right beside them. The largest fish came to 26． that they were in 27． and said they had to find a 28． to leave there as fast as possible. The second largest fish 29． with his elder brother, but the youngest one did not. He said that there was 30． water for their activities, so he would not worry at all.
At last, the largest fish went back to the sea by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. The second largest fish also 31． his elder brother in the other side of water successfully. But the youngest one didn't 32． them and still swam happily. Two hours 33． , when the sun came out, the water in the small shallow water dried up. Being short of water, the youngest fish died.
Most of the time, we enjoy the comfort we have now. But it's no good for us to 34． consider(考虑) things as they are. Worries will come soon 35． one doesn't have a long-term(长期的) plan. And only when the goal(目标) is right can we be happy with the result.
21．A． fish B． horses C． lions
22．A． sea B． river C． lake
23．A． angry B． young C． special
24．A． listen to B． look after C． worry about
25．A． poor B． piece C． scaring
26．A． like B． enjoy C． understand
27．A． excitement B． danger C． peace
28．A． housework B． health C． way
29．A． agreed B． disagreed C． discussed
30．A． little B． more C． enough
31．A． helps B． joins C． tells
32．A． follow B． show C． prepare
33．A． later B． ago C． before
34．A． never B． sometimes C． always
35．A． although B． unless C． if
五、第二部分 语言运用，第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
（2024八下·赫山开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alex Stemplewski is a photographer (摄影师). He takes photos for strange (陌生的) people in the streets.
One year ago, Alex bought a camera and learned taking photos by 36． (he). He made a resolution to work as a photographer, 37． he found the work didn't go well then. One of the 38． (big) problems was that he didn't know many people in San Francisco, because he just moved there.
Alex wasn't famous at that time, so many models (模特) didn't agree 39． (work) with him. Alex felt helpless. One day, he suddenly had 40． idea, "Why don't I just take free photos for strange people outside It can help me practice my skills (技能) and they can get their photos without 41． (pay) me." Then Alex started to take photos of people in the streets. A few months later, more and more people knew the 42． (talent) man. And now he has about eight million fans.
When Alex takes photos, he often gives some advice 43． the people. People are always 44． (surprise) and happy when they see the pictures. "I'm 45． (certain) glad to bring happiness to them. That's what I really want," said Alex.
六、第三部分 写作 (满分15分)
46．（2024八下·赫山开学考） 亲爱的同学们，你对未来的生活有着怎样的期待呢 15年后的你将会从事什么职业，过着怎样的生活呢？请以 "My Life in Fifteen Years" 为主题，综合以下提示写一篇英语短文，畅想未来的生活吧。
提示：(1)想象15年后你将从事的职业；(2)想象15年后你的生活，包括衣、食、住、行等；(3)你将怎么做来实现这种生活。
要求：(1)80词左右； (2)文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．B
3．B
【知识点】其他语篇类型；日常活动
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是约翰的日历，介绍了约翰一周需要做的事情。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及到了两种阅读理解的题型：细节理解题和推理判断题。做细节理解题时，注意从文中找到相关的依据，结合问题选出正确选项；做推理判断题时，注意通读全文，结合上下文选出正确答案。
1．细节理解题。根据Thursday Afternoon: babysitting可知约翰星期四下午要做保姆。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Monday Morning: school、Thursday Morning: school、 TuesdayMorning: school、 Wednesday Morning: school和Friday Morning: school可知约翰每周上五天学。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据Monday Morning: school、Thursday Morning: school、 TuesdayMorning: school、 Wednesday Morning: school和Friday Morning: school可知约翰周末不上学，因此排除选项A；选项C"他可以做任何他想做的事。"根据实际情况也不可能。故选B。
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．C
7．A
【知识点】说明文；校园文化
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍杭州师范大学食堂里的关于"2元"餐历史。
【点评】考查阅读理解。把文章浏览一遍，搞清楚所讲的大体意思，再结合题目中所陈述的观点在文中找到相应的句子进行作答，要细心的理解全文和题目所给信息的差异。
4．细节理解题。根据 It tells the history of a "2-yuan" meal there. 可知公告牌告诉我们"2元餐"的历史。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据tudents can have a bowl of rice, one meat dish and one vegetable dish for only two yuan.和 and there is still free soup. "2元"餐为学生提供一碗饭，一荤一素才两块钱。而且还有免费的汤。故选B。
6．代词指代题。根据 They said some of their classmates didn't have enough money to pay for their meals. Some only bought a bowl of rice and had the free soup. 可知that指的是"一些同学没有足够的钱来支付餐费。有的只买一碗米饭，喝免费的汤。"这个问题。故选C。
7．目的意图题。根据 The warm story really touched many people's hearts. 可知这个温暖的故事确实感动了很多人的心。因此作者写这个故事是为了告诉人们一个温暖的故事。故选A。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．C
11．C
【知识点】说明文；身体健康
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍下雨天感到困倦的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解短文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关的信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
8．细节理解题。根据 Do you feel sleepy on rainy days 可知作者以问句的方式开始这篇文章的。故选A。
9．代词指代题。根据 As it rains, the air becomes wetter than usual. It's more difficult for our sweat (汗水) to dry in weather like this, so our body has to work harder to stay cool.可知下雨的时候，空气变得比平常潮湿。在这样的天气里，我们的汗水更难干燥，所以我们的身体必须更加努力地保持凉爽。因此身体是很辛苦的。This 指的就是这种身体的辛苦。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据 This makes pink noise sound softer. Studies show that people's brain waves (脑电波) will become fewer when they hear pink noise, so they will fall asleep more easily.可知粉红噪音听起来更柔和。当人们听到粉红噪音时，他们会更容易入睡。因此噪音越柔和，人们越容易感到困倦。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍下雨天感到困倦的原因。故选C。
【答案】12．E；13．A；14．D；15．B
【知识点】说明文；家庭生活
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍父母和孩子之间的问题。父母认为孩子永远长不大，孩子却不想自己永远被视为孩子。最后作者提出了解决办法。
选项意思：A. Parents always think they give the best things to their children.父母总是认为自己给了孩子最好的东西。
B. Then the children and their parents could understand each other more.这样孩子和父母就能更加了解彼此。
C. They only want their children to get good grades in the exams in return.他们只希望孩子能在考试中取得好成绩作为回报。
D. I think it means a place where we can hide ourselves from the cold world outside. 我认为它意味着我们可以隐藏自己以躲避外面寒冷世界的地方。
E. In their eyes, we are always little ones and always do wrong things.在他们眼里，我们总是小孩，总是做错事。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先理解选项及表述的意思，然后判断并寻找正确答案。
12．根据 Nearly every parent says that we never grow up 可知几乎每个父母都说孩子永远长不大。所以在他们眼里，我们总是小孩，总是做错事。故选E。
13．根据They buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, expensive school things, and even a dear bike. They always do everything for their children. 可知父母给孩子买漂亮的衣服、很酷的鞋子、昂贵的学习用品，甚至还有一辆昂贵的自行车。他们总是为孩子做一切。因此父母认为他们给了孩子最好的东西。故选A。
14．根据 What does a true family mean 可知此句要介绍一个真正的家意味着什么。故选D。
15．根据 So I think that parents should sit down to talk with their children to let them know that they have a true family. 可知所以我认为父母应该坐下来和孩子谈谈，让他们知道他们有一个真正的家庭。这样孩子和父母就能更加了解彼此。故选B。
【答案】16．Yes, it is .
17．Because it can keep the dishes warm all the time.
18．Meat, potatoes and onions.
19．这对他们来说是放松的好方式。
20．Chinese hotpot tastes delicious, and British hotpot also tastes good.
【知识点】说明文；文化差异与文化自信
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍中国火锅和英国火锅的区别。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。注意先通读一遍短文，了解文章大意，然后再浏览问题，带着问题重新读短文，在文章中找到对应的答案。
16．根据 Hot pot(火锅) is many Chinese people's favorite. 可知火锅是许多中国人的最爱。故答案为Yes, it is .
17．根据It is very popular in winter because it can keep the dishes warm all the time. 可知火锅在冬天很受欢迎，因为它可以使菜肴始终保持温暖。故答案为Because it can keep the dishes warm all the time.
18．根据The main dishes of English hotpot are simple. They are meat, potatoes and onions.可知英式火锅的主菜有肉、土豆和洋葱。故答案为Meat, potatoes and onions.
19． It它；is是；a一种；good好的；way方式；for对于；them他们；to relax放松。固定搭配 It's + 名词+ for sb + to do sth.做某事对某人来说是……。故答案为这对他们来说是放松的好方式。
20．中国火锅Chinese hotpot；尝起来很美味taste delicious；主语是Chinese hotpot，谓语动词用单三形式。英国火锅British hotpot；吃起来还不错taste good；主语是British hotpot hotpot，谓语动词用单三形式。也also。故答案为Chinese hotpot tastes delicious, and British hotpot also tastes good。
【答案】21．A；22．A；23．B；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．B；28．C；29．A；30．C；31．B；32．A；33．A；34．C；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文通过讲述生活在海洋中的三条小鱼的结局暗示人们要时刻意识到潜在危险，不能贪图一时的享乐。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读全文，跳过所缺单词，根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，然后对选项进行区别和选择，最后再读一遍，检查所选的答案。
21．句意：三条鱼生活在海洋里。A fish鱼；B horses马；C lions狮子。根据One morning, a 5 wave(浪) took the three fish and also a boat to a shallow(浅滩) water.可知是三条鱼。故选A。
22．句意：三条鱼生活在海洋里。A sea海洋；B river小河；C lake湖泊。根据 It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea 可知这些鱼生活在海洋里。故选A。
23．句意：当它们很小的时候，它们的父母死了。A angry生气的；B young年轻的；C special特殊的。根据Finally, they grew up and began to swim deeper and further. 可知它们小的时候，父母死了。故选B。
24．句意：他们不得不日复一日地照顾彼此。A listen to听；B look after照顾；C worry about担心。根据When they were very 3 , their parents died. 可知在它们很小的时候，父母就死了，因此它们需要彼此照顾。故选B。
25．句意：一天早上，一个可怕的浪把三条鱼和一艘船冲到了浅滩。A poor贫困的；B piece片；C scaring吓人的。根据 took the three fish and also a boat to a shallow(浅滩) water. 可知浪把三条鱼和一艘船冲到了浅滩，因此浪是可怕的。故选C。
26．句意：最大的鱼开始了解到，它们处于危险之中，并说它们必须找到尽快离开那里的方法。A like喜欢；B enjoy享受；C understand了解。根据At last, the largest fish went back to the sea by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. 可知最后，最大的鱼跳过船的最低处回到了海里。因此它意识到它的危险。故选C。
27．句意：最大的鱼开始了解到，它们处于危险之中，并说它们必须找到尽快离开那里的方法。A excitement兴奋；B danger危险；C peace和平。根据At last, the largest fish went back to the sea by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. 可知最后，最大的鱼跳过船的最低处回到了海里。因此它意识到它的危险，所以最后回到了海里。故选B。
28．句意：最大的鱼开始了解到，它们处于危险之中，并说它们必须找到尽快离开那里的方法。A housework家务活；B health健康；C way方法。根据 The largest fish came to 6 that they were in 7 可知最大的鱼意识到，它们处于危险之中，因此要找方法摆脱危险。故选C。
29．句意：第二大的鱼同意他哥哥的观点，但最小的一条却不同意。A agreed同意；B disagreed摆脱同意；C discussed讨论。根据 but the youngest one did not. 可知第二大的鱼同意他哥哥的观点。故选A。
30．句意：他说有足够的水供他们活动，所以他一点也不担心。A little几乎没有；B more更多的；C enough足够的。根据he would not worry at all. 可知有足够的水，鱼才不担心。故选C。
31．句意：第二大鱼也加了入他的哥哥成功地在水的另一边跳了出来。A helps帮助；B joins加入；C tells告诉。根据 in the other side of water successfully 可知第二条大鱼也和它哥哥一样成功的跳了出来。故选A。
32．句意：但最小的一个没跟随它们，仍然游得很开心。A follow跟随；B show展示；C prepare准备。根据The second largest fish 9 with his elder brother, but the youngest one did not. 可知最小的鱼不想着离开，因此它没跟着哥哥们一起跳进海洋里。故选A。
33．句意：两小时后，太阳出来的时候，小浅水里的水就干了。A later以后；B ago以前；C before在……之前。根据 He said that there was 10 water for their activities,和 the water in the small shallow water dried up. 可知之前有水，两个小时以后没水了。故选A。
34．句意：但总按事物本来的样子来考虑对我们来说是没有好处的。A never从不；B sometimes有时；C always总是。根据 He said that there was 10 water for their activities, so he would not worry at all. 可知最小的鱼不离开是因为它觉得水会一直充足。故选C。
35．句意：忧虑很快就会到来如果一个人没有长期的计划。A although尽管；B unless除非；C if如果。根据 Worries will come soon和one doesn't have a long-term(长期的) plan. 可知后句表示的是假设，因此用连词if。故选C。
【答案】36．himself；37．but；38．biggest；39．to work；40．an；41．paying；42．talented；43．to；44．surprised；45．certainly
【知识点】记叙文；人物传记
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述亚历克斯怎样通过给陌生人拍照使自己著名的。
【点评】考查语法填空，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
36．句意：一年前，Alex 买了一台相机，并自学了拍照。he他，代词。固定搭配by oneself，独自。故答案为himself。
37．句意：他下定决心要当一名摄影师，但是他发现工作并不顺利。根据He made a resolution to work as a photographer, 和 he found the work didn't go well then.可知前后两句表示的是转折关系，因此用转折连词but。故答案为but。
38．句意：最大的问题之一是他在旧金山认识的人不多，因为他刚搬到那里。big大的，形容词。固定搭配one of the +形容词的最高级+可数名词复数。故答案为biggest。
39．句意：Alex当时还没有出名，所以很多模特都不同意和他合作。work工作，动词。固定搭配agree to do sth，同意做某事。故答案为to work。
40．句意：一天，他突然有了一个主意。idea表示的是泛指，且以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。故答案为an。
41．句意：它可以帮助我练习我的技能，而且他们不需要付钱就可以得到他们的照片。pay付钱，动词。without是介词，后接doing。故答案为paying。
42．句意：几个月后，越来越多的人认识了这位有才能的男人。talent才能，名词。man是名词，需用形容词来修饰，talent的形容词修饰是talented。故答案为talented。
43．句意：Alex在拍照的时候，经常会给人们一些建议。固定搭配give sth to sb，给某人某物。故答案为to。
44．句意：人们看到这些照片时总是感 到惊讶和高兴。surprise使……惊讶，动词。are后接形容词构成系表结构，surprise的形容词是surprising/surprised，主语是People。故答案为surprised。
45．句意：我当然很高兴能给他们带来快乐。certain当然，形容词。glad是形容词，需用副词来修饰， certain 的副词形式是certainly。 故答案为certainly。
46．【答案】略
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文；记叙文；介绍语
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文。要求根据提示写一篇英语短文，畅想未来的生活。文章要包括提示中的内容，可以自由发挥，适当加入细节，词数在80左右，主要用一般将来时，主要用第一人称，注意句子之间衔接要连贯，符合英文表达习惯。
【点评】写作时态主要以一般将来时为主，主要用第一人称，文章要包括提示中的内容，上下文联系要紧密、符合逻辑关系，意思表达要准确，单词书写要规范正确， 字迹要工整，语言要精炼， 条理要清晰 ，文章要顺畅、自然和完整。
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