2023-2024学年八年级英语下册Unit 6 Sunshine for all 单元必刷题（牛津译林版，南京专用，含解析）
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2023-2024学年八年级英语下册Unit 6 Sunshine for all单元必刷题（牛津译林版）（南京专用）
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
选择题（满分40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．The ________ man can only touch the horse to “see” what the horse looks like.
A．deaf B．blind C．elderly D．ugly
2．I don’t know how to begin a talk with Betty. She can sit all day long _______a word.
A．by B．with C． in D．without
3．It’s not easy __________ him to take care of _________ many children during the trip.
A．of; such B．for; such C．of; so D．for; so
4．The young man ________ disabilities trained very hard before ________ a gold.
A．was born with; won B．born with; winning C．was born; won D．was born with; winning
5．We can't work out the physics problem.Can you tell us________？
A．how to do B．what to do it
C．how to do it D．what should to do
6．—Is this photo taken in Tibet？
—Yes. You can see beautiful snow mountain in the of the photo.
A．form B．background
C．shape D．introduction
7．If you have a chat with him more patiently, you will ________ learn more about him.
A．get to B．come to C．go to D．help to
8．My parents provide me ________ 3,000 yuan ________ my study every year.
A．with; with B．with; for C．for; with D．with; in
9．Song Joong-ki was once an excellent skater but had to ________ skating because of an accident.
A．go on B．give up C．take up D．put up
10．Everyone knows silver is similar ________ colour ________ aluminum (铝) .
A．in; to B．on; to C．in; with D．to; to
11．—Do more exercise. ________, you may become ill easily.
—I know that. ________, I don’t have enough time to do exercise.
A．Otherwise; However B．However; Otherwise
C．Otherwise; Otherwise D．However; However
12．________ we have done! We feel great as we can do something to help children in need.
A．What a meaningful work B．What a meaningful job
C．How meaningful job D．How meaningful work
13．— Many people eat_____ meat than they did before.
—Yes, that’s why they’re getting fatter and fatter.
A．more B．less C．fewer D．much
14．As students, we should ________ our extra (多余的) pocket money ________ Project Hope.
A．raise; to B．gives; for C．donate; to D．send; with
15．— I think you are the most suitable man to be the chairperson.
— _________.
A．Sure. I think so too B．Don’t say so
C．Oh, really I can’t believe D．It’s so nice of you. Thanks
二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A.B.C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Mrs. Wang has worked in a charity 16 1999 and she is very busy. Today when she is at breakfast at 7:30,
there comes a call. Twenty minutes 17 , she is with Jane because Jane can’t stop her child from 18 . There Mrs. Wang helps with Jane’s three-month-old baby and it soon calms down (平静). It is her first child and she should learn how to look after it. After that Mrs. Wang goes on to see Mrs. Black, a rich old woman who lives 19 . Her right arm is broken and can not wash or put on her clothes herself. She must 20 by Mrs. Wang every day.
Then Mrs. Wang gets her third call. She goes to the place for the 21 . There she is with the elderly till 3:00 p.m. One by one, she answers their questions and helps them take their 22 when the doctor looks over other people.
Mrs. Wang keeps hurrying around all day and 23 she can be rung up even late at night when the sick must be helped. She is 24 tired to work when she goes home, but she still 25 helping others.
16．A．when B．for C．since D．until
17．A．before B．late C．later D．ago
18．A．laugh B．cry C．jumping D．crying
19．A．happily B．lonely C．alone D．happy
20．A．be looked after B．take home C．look after D．be taken home
21．A．blind B．elderly C．deaf D．homeless
22．A．homework B．housework C．medicines (药) D．meals
23．A．always B．sometime C．usually D．sometimes
24．A．so B．very C．too D．much
25．A．enjoy B．dislikes C．keeps D．wants
三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A.B.C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Are you interested in Helmut Newton and John Pilger Do you want to learn more about their paintings You’re welcome to Barbican Gallery (画廊)!
26．When may you go to Barbican Gallery to see the paintings
A．Mon, 8 a.m. B．Wed, 7 p.m. C．Fri. 3 p.m. D．Sun 11 a.m.
27．Who pays the least to see the paintings
A．Tom with his 62 years old dad and 6-year-old son.
B．Mario, a disabled man and his 12-year-old daughter.
C．Jenny, 22 years old and her 18-year-old friend.
D．An 8-year-old boy and his grandparents at the age of 75.
28．How many ways at most are there to pay for the tickets
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
B
This kind of CPR is for teenagers and grown-ups, not for young children.
1 Hit the person and shout to him to see if he is OK.
2 If he doesn’t answer you, call 120. If the person is not breathing, begin CPR.
3 Put the palm (手掌) of your hand on top of your other hand, and lace (交叉) your fingers together.
4 Kneel (跪) down and put your hands in the center of the chest.
5 Push down hard, wait for the chest to rise, and do it again fast—about twice a second (秒).
6 Keep doing it until the doctors arrive.
29．We CANNOT give the CPR to ________.
A．babies B．teenagers C．parents D．the old
30．We can start performing (实施) CPR when the person ________.
A．has a fever B．falls down
C．doesn’t talk or breathe D．feels sick
31．How fast should we push the chest
A．About 30 times a minute. B．About 60 times a minute.
C．About 120 times a minute. D．About twice a minute.
C
A Chinese song could be heard in a classroom in Sanaa, the capital of Yemen (也门), where around 20 Chinese-learning schoolchildren were singing.
“I love to learn the Chinese language because it is very nice, important and I want to travel to China to complete my studies there,” Karim AI-Ansi, a student of the private Languages Model School in Sanaa told Xinhua.
Teacher Mohammed AI-Ansi, who learnt the language in China and received a university degree, stressed (强调) the importance of learning the Chinese language. “It is the language of the future and it is necessary for all people to get advantages from the great development in China,” he said.
Like many other private elementary and secondary schools in Yemen, the Chinese language is a basic part of the Languages Model School’s courses, where the students study Chinese as actively as math and science subjects. “In teaching the Chinese language, I succeeded in educating students in a simple way that fits everyone,” AI-Ansi
said proudly, stressing that teaching Chinese has changed his life without doubt.
AI-Ansi expects that Yemen and China will work together to set up centers and schools for teaching the Chinese language in Yemen so that many young Yemenis can learn. “I hope that a branch of the Confucius (孔子学院) could be built in Yemen to teach the language and spread the Chinese culture to many students and researchers who are interested in learning the Chinese culture and language,” he said. Many people in Yemen see that learning a foreign language may open a way of hope to a new life, such as getting more money and paving (铺平) the way to a bright future in the country that has experienced war for almost five years.
32．The passage tells us that Mohammed AI-Ansi ________.
A．has got a university degree in Yemen B．sings Chinese songs well
C．thinks it important to study Chinese D．owns a language school
33．In the Languages Model School, the students ________.
A．consider Chinese a simple language B．do well in science and math
C．take pride in Mohammed AI-Ansi D．are active in learning Chinese
34．The 5th paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．the Chinese culture B．Mohammed AI-Ansi’s hope
C．centers for learning Chinese D．the way of doing research
35．It can be learnt from the passage that ________.
A．many young Yemenis learn Chinese for a better future
B．learning Chinese is sure to make Yemenis rich
C．more and more Yemenis are going to work in China
D．Chinese has been popular in Yemen for five years
D
Every day I pass by a homeless old man on the street. He usually sits near where I go to school. Whenever I pass by, he says “hello” in a cheerful manner, and I always say it back. I give him any extra（多余的）change I have.
The old man always wears an old watch. It is not an expensive watch by any means, but it serves its purpose. One day I noticed he wasn’t wearing it any more. I asked him why and he looked down and told me that the battery（电池）had died so he threw it away. I knew he couldn’t buy a new battery and he had no enough money to buy a new watch.
He stayed on my mind all day, and I knew what I had to do. I went out to a shop and bought him a watch. It was not an expensive one, but one that was very similar to the one he had.
When I saw him the next day, he was smiling and cheerful as ever. When I bent down to put some change in his cup, I also dropped the watch in. I didn’t say anything about it. I just smiled at him and kept on walking. He didn’t even notice it until I left. I looked back and watched as he pulled the watch from the cup. He looked to me and I just smiled and nodded. He put the watch on with a big smile on his face and I walked happily on my way.
36．The old man always greets the writer when she passes because ________.
A．she is a student
B．she usually gives him some money
C．she has a lot of money
D．she is always cheerful
37．Why did the old man throw the watch away
A．Because the writer said she would give him one.
B．Because he wanted to get a new one.
C．Because the battery had no power.
D．Because the watch didn’t serve its purpose.
38．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．the old man knew the writer had brought him a new watch
B．the old man didn’t see the watch when the writer put it in the cup
C．the writer dropped nothing but a watch in the cup
D．the watch must have cost the writer a lot of money
39．What do we know about the new watch
A．It was a little expensive.
B．It was cheaper than the one the old man had.
C．It was more beautiful.
D．It looked like the one the old man had.
40．What’s the best title of the passage
A．How to help others B．Don’t throw old things away
C．An expensive gift D．A homeless old man
第II卷
非选择题（满分50分）
四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写相应横线上。
41．Lisa is going to teach in a primary school in (西北) China.
42．They always (支持) each other in their work.
43．They are talking about animal (课题) at the moment.
44．I decided to give an （介绍） to this new club before the party started.
45．After long-time hard work, he finally (取得) success.
B）请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答索填写在相应横线上。
46．—Whose bag is this
—It’s one of the (coach).
47．Have you (donate) money to the people who lost their homes
48．Mr Lee is trying to set up an (organize) to help blind people.
49．Sadly, there were no (survive) in the traffic accident.
50．There are many books on the shelf, (include) three cartoon books.
C）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中所给的七个选项选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通意思通顺，并将句子序号填写在答题卡标号为51-55的相应横线上。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
Volunteering is a great way to help others, whether it’s a child who has difficulty finishing his or her homework or an elderly person who feels lonely. 51 When somebody volunteers, they are doing something good for others or the world around them without being paid.
52 It can be organized, such as working for an organization, or not organized, like helping your neighbors with their food shopping. Many people volunteer to help the environment by picking up rubbish or planting trees.
How does helping other help you Research has shown that volunteering improves your well-being (幸福感). It can give you a sense of purpose and then help build your self -trust and make you feel motivated (有积极性的). 53 Amy Meek, who volunteers for a wildlife organization, agrees. Amy loves animals, and by joining the wildlife organization, she has become much clearer about what she сan do and feels more motivated.
54 By giving something to others, you feel happier and this is good for your health. Volunteering has
also been shown to reduce your personal worries because you pay some attention to others’ needs. 55 It can help you make more friends. “So volunteering is good for our mental health,” says Jolie Goodman of the Mental Health Foundation.
So, what are you waiting for Go volunteering and make a difference, not only for your self but also for the world.
A．What is volunteering
B．When do you volunteer
C．Volunteering comes in all shapes and sizes.
D．Stop waiting for someone else to do the work.
E．Helping others can actually help yourself, too.
F．This is especially true if you match volunteering to your interests.
G．Volunteering also offers you a chance to meet and connect with people.
五、阅读短文（共15小题；56-60题每小题2分，61-70题每小题1分，满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文，根据短文内容用英语回答5个题目。要求所写答案语法正确、语义切题，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-60的相应横线上。
One year before, at age 18, Leszyeski had aged out of foster care (寄养中心), having been in the system since she was four when her single mother was no longer able to care for her. Leszyeski was now enrolled in college, hoping to become a doctor. And the only furniture she had in her apartment was an air mattress with a hole in it.
Then she learned about an organization Chairity. The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care. Leszyeski reached out to Chairity, a nonprofit formed by 23-year-old Maria Paparella.
Paparella first became aware of foster care in elementary school when her parents were considering adopting a child. The plan didn’t work out, but Paparella often found herself thinking about that child. “I’m really close with my family, and I just couldn’t imagine being completely on my own at 18,” she says.
At 16, Paparella visited Summit County Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to understand what aging out looked like. One of her questions was “What’s not being met for these young people ” Near the top of the list was furniture. “That struck home,” says Paparella. The idea of “moving into an apartment without a bed to sleep on or a so fa to sit on” pulled at her heartstrings.
Paparella contacted her parents’ friends, asking if they had spare furniture to donate. A local furniture store
offered free ware-house space and its delivery truck. Watching the recipients’ (接受者) faces when they received a bed or a couch was amazing. Paparella remembers delivering a golden lamp to a woman and watching her polish it lovingly, getting rid of dirt and fingerprints.
Today, Chairity has given furniture to nearly 200 young adults in homes across six Ohio counties. Paparella is sure these contributions give the recipients hope and confidence. Leszyeski agrees. “It makes me feel like I’m not different from other people. My whole life, I’ve felt abnormal,” she says, “Now, I feel normal.”
56．When did Leszyeski enter the foster care system
57．What does Leszyeski hope to be in the future
58．What does Chairity provide for young people
59．What did Paparella try to understand when she visited Summit County Services at 16
60．What does Leszyeski think of Chairity
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61-70的相应位置上。
Leo and his father didn’t talk for 8 years. 8 years ago, Leo’s mother d 61 . He thought it was his father who caused his mother’s illness. He hated his father.
Now they were sitting in a nice c 62 shop. Suddenly his father asked the waiter to put some salt in his coffee. Leo was surprised. His father smiled and said, “Before you were born, your mother and I often had f 63 playing in the sea. We could taste the sea, just l 64 the taste of the salty coffee. Every time I have salty coffee, I always think of your mother. I m 65 her so much.”
Leo was deeply moved . He never knew his father had such deep l 66 for his mother. One month later, he moved to live w 67 his father. Every time he made coffee for him, he put some salt in the coffee.
After 10 years, his father died. Leo received a l 68 which said, “Dear Leo, please forgive my life's lie — the salty coffee. Actually at that t 69 I wanted some sugar, but I said salt. It was hard for me to change, so I just went ahead. Now let me t 70 you the truth. I don't like salty coffee, but I drink salty coffee for 10 years!
Having you with me is the biggest happiness of my whole life.”
六、书面表达（满分15分）
71．用微笑播撒阳光，用行动践行梦想，用无形的精神感染身边的每一个人——这就是“阳光少年”。请你以“A sunshine teenager”为题，写一篇英语短文介绍一下你身边的“阳光少年”——高飞。
内容提示：
1．善良友好，乐于助人，与人相处融洽 (如：去敬老院为老人读报，打扫房间，洗衣服) ；
2．不怕困难，勤奋好学，喜欢读书；
3．性格外向，积极参加各种文体活动 (如：与同学踢球，参加各种俱乐部) 。
注意事项：1．短文应包含内容提示，可作适当发挥，但不要逐词翻译；
2. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总数。
A sunshine teenager
Hello! I’m Li Ming. Our school had an activity “Learn from Sunshine Teenagers”. From then on, there are many sunshine teenagers around us.
Gao Fei is one of them. He __________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gao Fei is a good sunshine teenager. I should learn from him.
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：这个盲人只能摸马来“看”马的样子。
考查形容词辨析。deaf聋的；blind盲的；elderly年老的；ugly丑陋的。根据“touch the horse to ‘see’ what the horse looks like”可推知，应是位盲人。故选B。
2．D
【详解】句意：我不知道如何和贝蒂开始谈话，她坐在那儿一整天什么都没说。考查介词。in a word：总之，一句话；without a word：一言不发；结合句意可知选D。
3．D
【详解】句意：他在旅途中照顾这么多孩子不容易。easy是不可以修饰人的形容词, 即sb.和adj.没有主系表关系，因此，第一个空sb. 前用for。排除A/C。so副词，意思是“如此、这样”，后面常接形容词或副词；such形容词，意思是“如此、这样”，修饰名词，即可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词。many是形容词，因此用so来修饰。如此多的孩子，用so many children。故选D。
【点睛】It’s + adj. + (of / for) sb to do sth. 译作“(某人)做某事是…的”。It 是形式主语，不定式结构是真正主语。of / for后面的sb是不定式的逻辑主语。
1. 当形容词是可修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj. 有主系表关系时，sb. 前用of。如 It’s clever of you to answer the question so quickly. / It’s kind of you to help me a lot. 这样的形容词有：kind, nice, rude, clever, silly, foolish等。
2. 当形容词是不可以修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj. 没有主系表关系时，sb. 前用for。如 It’s easy for her to clean the window by herself. / It’s important for us to learn English well. 这样的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous等。
4．B
【详解】句意：这个生来残疾的年轻人在赢得金牌前训练非常刻苦。
考查定语后置和非谓语动词。born with disabilities是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰the young man，意为“生来残疾的年轻人”；before在此是介词，后面应接动名词winning，意为“在做某事之前”。故选B。
5．C
【详解】疑问词后接动词不定式。句意“我们不能算出这个物理难题，你能告诉我们怎样算出来”，what可作为do的宾语，动词后不用加it；how不可作为do的宾语，因此后需加代词it，因此选C。
6．B
【详解】试题分析：句意：--这张照片是在西藏拍摄的吗？--是的。在照片的背景中你可以看到美丽的雪山。form形状，形式，外形，表格；background背景，底色；shape形状；introduction介绍，说明。in the background of the photo在照片的背景中。所以选B。
【考点定位】考查名词辨析。
7．A
【详解】句意：如果你更耐心地和他聊天，你将渐渐对他有更多的了解。
考查动词短语辨析。get to do逐渐开始做；come to do“来做”；go to do“去做”；help to do“帮助做”。根据“If you have a chat with him more patiently”可知应是耐心地聊天，逐渐了解，故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：我的父母每年给我3000元供我学习之用。
考查介词辨析。with用；for为了；in在……里。provide sb with sth意为“给某人提供某物”，因此第一空是with；for表示目的，for my study意为“为了我的学习”。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：宋仲基曾是一名优秀的滑冰运动员，但是他因为一次事故而不得不放弃滑冰。
考查动词短语的词义辨析。go on继续；give up放弃；take up从事；put up张贴。根据“because of an accident”可知宋仲基因为一场事故不得不放弃滑冰。故选B。
10．A
【详解】句意：人人都知道银的颜色和铝相似。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；to到；on在……上；with和。根据“Everyone knows silver is similar … colour … aluminum (铝)”可知，be similar in…to…“在……方面与……相似”。故选A。
11．A
【详解】句意：——多锻炼。否则，你可能很容易生病。——我知道。然而我没有足够的时间去锻炼。
考查副词辨析。Otherwise否则；However然而。第一空前后句是条件关系，表示多锻炼，“否则”你可能很容易生病；第二空前后句是转折关系，表示“然而”我没有足够的时间去锻炼。故选A。
12．B
【详解】句意：我们做了多么有意义的工作！ 我们感觉很棒，因为我们可以做些事情来帮助有需要的孩子。
考查感叹句。感叹句分别可由what和how引导，句型分别为：“What + (a/an) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”和“How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。根据四个选项可知，该句中心词（work和job）为名词，故应用what修饰，C、D选项可排除。work意为“工作”时为不可数名词，其前不可用不定冠词a，A选项排除，故选B。
13．A
【详解】考查比较级。句中than提示此处应该用比较级。根据答句：是的。那就是他们变的越来越胖的原因。可知前一句应该是：很多人比以前吃的肉多了。故选A。
14．C
【详解】句意：作为学生，我们应该把多余的零花钱捐给希望工程。
考查动词辨析。raise作“筹集”讲时，与介词for连用；give与to连用；send与to连用，则排除A、B、D三项。donate与to连用，donate...to...“把……捐赠给”，这里表示“把我们多余的零用钱捐给希望工程”。故选C。
15．D
【详解】句意：——我认为你是当主席的最佳人选。——你真是太好了，谢谢你。
考查情景交际。Sure. I think so too“当然，我也这么认为”；Don’t say so“不要这样说”；Oh, really I can’t believe“哦，真的，我不敢相信”；It’s so nice of you. Thanks“你真好。谢谢”。根据上句“I think you are the most suitable man to be the chairperson.”可知，对于对方的表扬和肯定要表示感谢，D项符合语境。故选D。
16．C 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．C
【导语】王太太是一个善良的女人，自从1999年她就在一个慈善机构工作，今天王太太在吃早饭的时候，一个电话响了，20分钟后，她和简在一起，因为简不能阻止她的孩子哭泣，王太太让他平静下来，然后，她又去看布莱克太太，一个独自生活的富有的女人，她的右胳膊断了，不能自己洗脸穿衣，她必须每天被照顾，然后王太太接到了第三个电话，她去了一个照顾老人的地方，当医生太忙不能照顾每一个人的时候，她帮他们吃药，王太太整天很忙，有时甚至在晚上被打电话，当她到家的时候，她太累了不能工作了，但是她仍然喜欢帮助别人。
16．句意：自从1999年她就在一个慈善机构工作。
when当……时候；for+时间段；since+时间点，自……以来；until直到。根据“has worked”可知，句子的时态是现在完成时，排除A、D选项；空后是“1999”，时间点，应用since。故选C。
17．句意：20分钟后，她和简在一起。
before在……之前；late晚的；later后来；ago以前。根据“ Today when she is at breakfast at 7:30, there comes a call. Twenty minutes…, she is with Jane because Jane can't stop her child from…. There Mrs Wang helps with Jane's three-month-old baby and it soon calms down.”可知，是20分钟之后，时间段+later表示“多久以后”。故选C。
18．句意：因为简不能阻止她的孩子哭泣。
laugh笑；cry哭；jumping跳；crying哭泣。根据“.. and it soon calms down”可知，此处是指“Jane没办法让她的孩子停止哭泣”，stop sb from doing sth是固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选D。
19．句意：一个独自生活的富有女人。
happily开心地；lonely孤独的；alone独自地；happy开心的。根据“Her right arm is broken and can not wash or put on her clothes herself.”可知，她是独自一人生活的，因此用副词alone修饰“lives”。故选C。
20．句意：她必须每天被照顾。
be looked after被照顾；take home带回家；look after照顾；be taken home被带回家。根据“Her right arm is broken and can not wash or put on her clothes herself.”可知，她生活不便，所以需要被照顾。故选A。
21．句意：她去老人院。
blind盲的；elderly年老的；deaf聋的；homeless无家可归的。根据“There she is with the elderly till 3:00 p.m.”可知，她去了老人院。故选B。
22．句意：她帮他们吃药。
homework家庭作业；housework家务；medicines 药；meals饭。根据“…when the doctor looks over other people.”可知，她帮助他们吃药。“吃药”用固定搭配take medicine来表示，设空处的前面有their修饰。故选C。
23．句意：有时甚至在晚上被打电话。
always总是；sometime某个时候；usually通常；sometimes有时。根据“Mrs Wang keeps hurrying around all day and…”以及“she can be rung up even late at night when the sick must be helped.”可知此处指的是“有时在晚上被打电话”。故选D。
24．句意：她太累了以至于不能工作了。
so所以；very非常；too太；much许多。根据“Mrs Wang keeps hurrying around all day”可知，Mrs Wang非常忙，由此推断本句表示“当她回家时已经太累以至于干不动活了”。此处用“too... to...”结构，意为“太……以至于不能……”。故选C。
25．句意：但是她仍然一直帮助别人。
enjoy喜欢；dislikes不喜欢；keeps一直；wants想要。根据“She is…tired to work when she goes home, but she still…helping others.”可知，尽管她很累，但是仍然一直帮助别人。故选C。
26．D 27．D 28．C
【导语】本文是一则广告，广告中介绍了画廊的营业时间，票价等信息。
26．细节理解题。根据“Tue, Wed, Sun 10 a.m.-6 p.m. (John Pilger)”可知，星期二、星期三、星期天都是从早上10点至晚上六点，选项D中的时间符合题意。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“Grown-ups $7”；“Students and young people 12-17, over 60 years old $5”；“Under 12
free”；“Disabled people $3.5”可知，选项D中“一个8岁的男孩和他75岁的祖父母”付钱最少。故选D。
28．细节理解题。从方框内的最后两行看出，共有三种方式买票，分别是现金、刷卡还有微信支付。故选C。
29．A 30．C 31．C
【导语】本文讲述了为青少年和成年人做的心肺复苏术。
29．细节理解题。根据“This kind of CPR is for teenagers and grown-ups, not for young children.”可知我们不能给婴儿做这种心肺复苏术，故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据“If he doesn’t answer you, call 120. If the person is not breathing, begin CPR.”可知没有回应和呼吸的情况下需要心肺复苏，故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“Push down hard, wait for the chest to rise, and do it again fast—about twice a second (秒).”可知需要大约每秒两次，因此一分钟大约120次，故选C。
32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了在也门的首都，许多人非常重视学习汉语，并且提到了一名在也门教汉语的老师的观点。
32．细节理解题。根据“Teacher Mohammed Al-Ansi, who learnt the language in China and received a university degree, stressed the importance of learning the Chinese language”可知，他认为学习汉语很重要。故选C。
33． 细节理解题。根据“...the Chinese language is a basic part of the Languages Model School’s courses, where the students study Chinese as actively as math and science subjects”可知学生们非常积极地学习汉语。故选D。
34． 主旨大意题。通读整段以及“Al-Ansi expects that Yemen and China will work together to set up centers and schools forteaching the Chinese language in Yemen so that many young Yemenis can learn”可知，该段主要表达了Mohammed AI-Ansi的期望。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据“Many people in Yemen see that learning a foreign language may open a way of hope to a new life, such as getting more money and paving the way to a bright future in the country”可知，许多也门人学习一门外语是为了更好的未来。故选A。
36．B 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文介绍了作者帮助一位无家可归的老人的故事。每次经过老人身边都给一些零用钱，在得知老
人把手表扔了之后给老人买手表的故事，说明作者知道该如何帮助别人。
36．细节理解题。根据“I give him any extra （多余的） change I have.”可知，我给他零钱。所以当作者走过时，那位老人总是向她打招呼。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据“I asked him why and he looked down and told me that the battery（电池） had died so he threw it away.”可知，老人把手表扔了是因为电池没有电了。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据“He didn’t even notice it until I left.”可知，当我把手表放到老人的杯子里的时候，老人没有看见。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“It was not an expensive one, but one that was very similar to the one he had.”可知，这块新的手表与老人扔掉的手表差不多。故选D。
40．最佳标题题。通读全文可知本文自始至终都讲了如何帮助一位无家可归的老人的故事。因此最好的题目是A选项。故选A。
41．north-west
【详解】句意：丽莎要去中国西北部的一所小学任教。表示“中国西北”可用“north-west China”表示。故填north-west。
42．support
【详解】句意：他们在工作中总是互相支持。support“支持”，是动词，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是复数人称they，动词应用原形，故填support。
43．projects
【详解】句意：他们此刻正在谈论动物课题。该空作动词短语talk about的宾语，用名词，且“动物课题”是复数意义，用名词复数，故填projects。
44．introduction
【详解】句意：我决定在派对开始之前先介绍一下这个新的俱乐部。不定冠词an后接单数名词，“介绍”应用名词introduction。故填introduction。
45．achieved
【详解】句意：经过长期的努力，他终于取得了成功。“取得”为achieve，动词；根据空前“After long-time hard work,”语境可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故填achieved。
46．coaches’
【详解】句意：——这是谁的包？——是其中一个教练的。根据“It’s one of the…”可知，本句表达的是“它是其中一个教练的”，本空需用名词所有格。“……之一”one of the+名词复数。“coach”教练，它的复数形式的
所有格是coaches’。故填coaches’。
47．donated
【详解】句意：你给失去家园的人捐款了吗？donate“捐赠”，根据“Have you...money to the people...”可知表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，故此处用过去分分词。故填donated。
48．organization
【详解】句意：李先生正试图建立一个帮助盲人的组织。空前有不定冠词修饰，应用名词单数，故填organization。
49．survivors
【详解】句意：不幸的是，交通事故中没有幸存者。根据句意可知，此处填名词形式，“survivor”意为“幸存者”，空前be动词是“were”，因此用名词复数形式。故填survivors。
50．including
【详解】句意：书架上有很多书，包括三本漫画书。根据“There are many books on the shelf, …(include) three cartoon books.”可知，横线处缺的成分是介词，其后接名词“three cartoon books”。“include”包含，是动词，介词形式是including。故填including。
51．A 52．C 53．F 54．E 55．G
【导语】本文主要介绍了做志愿者活动的好处。
51．根据“Volunteering is a great way to help others,...When somebody volunteers, they are doing something good for others or the world around them without being paid.”可知，此处是介绍志愿服务，A项“什么是志愿服务”符合语境，故选A。
52．根据“It can be organized such as working for an organization, or not organized, like helping your neighbors with their food shopping. ”可知，介绍志愿活动可以有组织，也可以没有组织，选项C“志愿活动有各种各样的形式和规模。”符合语境，故选C。
53．根据“Amy loves animals, and by joining the wildlife organization, she has become much clearer about what she сan do and feels more motivated..”可知，此处应介绍Amy正好加入自己感兴趣的志愿组织，选项F“如果你的志愿活动与你的兴趣相匹配，这一点尤其正确。”符合语境，故选F。
54．根据“By giving something to others, you feel happier and this is good for your health.”可知，志愿活动对你的健康有好处，选项E“帮助别人实际上也能帮助你自己。”符合语境，故选E。
55．根据“It can help you make more friends”可知，志愿活动可以帮助你交朋友，选项G“志愿活动也为你提
供了一个与人交流的机会。”符合语境，故选G。
56．At the age of four. 57．A doctor. 58．Furniture and household goods. 59．What aging out looked like. 60．It makes her feel normal.
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述的是女孩Leszyeski收到来自由一名23岁女孩Maria Paparela创建的慈善组织Chairity帮助的故事。该非营利性机构通过帮助一些生活在寄养中心的孩子们，让他们找到了人生的希望和自信。
56．根据“Leszyeski had aged out of foster care (寄养中心), having been in the system since she was four...”可知，Leszyeski四岁进的寄养中心，故填At the age of four.
57．根据“Leszyeski was now enrolled in college, hoping to become a doctor.”可知，Leszyeski希望成为一名医生，故填A doctor.
58．根据“Then she learned about an organization Chairity. The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care.”可知，Chairity为年轻人提供家具和家居用品，故填Furniture and household goods.
59．根据“At 16, Paparella visited Summit County Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to understand what aging out looked like.”可知，Paparella在16岁拜访儿童服务中心时试图了解老龄化是什么样子的，故填What aging out looked like.
60．根据“It makes me feel like I’m not different from other people...Now, I feel normal.”可知，Chairity让Leszyeski感觉自己和其他人是一样的，很正常，故填It makes her feel normal.
61．died 62．coffee 63．fun 64．like 65．miss 66．love 67．with 68．letter 69．time 70．tell
【分析】本文介绍了利奥的母亲8年前去世，他认为母亲的死是由父亲造成的。后来当他们在一家咖啡店喝咖啡时，他的父亲让服务员在咖啡里放一些盐，利奥感到很惊讶。他父亲说：以前他和他的母亲在海边玩的很开心，咖啡里放盐的味道就像大海的味道。利奥被深深地感动，并搬去和父亲一起去。从此以后，利奥都是在父亲的咖啡里放盐，10年之后父亲也去世了。父亲告诉了他真相，其实他当时想加糖，但说错了。但是和利奥在一起的时光是他人生中最快乐的日子。
61．句意：8年前，利奥的母亲去世了。根据“He thought it was his father who caused his mother’s illness.”及
首字母提示可知，此处指的是母亲去世了，句中的时间是“8 years ago”，所以动词用过去式，故填died。
62．句意：现在他们正坐在一家不错的咖啡店里。根据“Suddenly his father asked the waiter to put some salt in his coffee.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在咖啡馆”，故填coffee。
63．句意：在你出生之前，我和你妈妈经常在海边玩得很开心。根据“I always think of your mother. I…her so much.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“玩的开心”，英语是have fun，故填fun。
64．句意：我们可以尝到大海的味道，就像咸咖啡的味道一样。根据“We could taste the sea”以及“the taste of the salty coffee”可知，此处指的是“就像”，英语是介词like，故填like。
65．句意：我非常想念她。根据“Every time I have salty coffee, I always think of your mother.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“想念”，英语是miss，此处是引用父亲的原话，所以用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，动词用原形，故填miss。
66．句意：他从来不知道他父亲对母亲有如此深的爱。根据“Every time I have salty coffee, I always think of your mother. I…her so much.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“爱”，英语是love，是一个不可数名词，所以此处用原形，故填love。
67．句意：一个月后，他搬去和父亲住在一起。根据“moved to live”以及“Every time he made coffee for him, he put some salt in the coffee.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“和父亲一起住”，英语是live with，故填with。
68．句意：利奥收到一封信。根据“which said, “Dear Leo, please forgive my life's lie — the salty coffee.”及首字母提示可知，他收到一封信。空格前有不定冠词修饰，所以名词用单数形式，故填letter。
69．句意：实际上那时我想要一些糖，但我说的是盐。结合语境及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在那时”，英语是at that time，故填time。
70．句意：现在让我告诉你真相。根据“I don't like salty coffee, but I drink salty coffee for 10 years! Having you with me is the biggest happiness of my whole life.”可知，此处指的是“告诉真相”，英语是tell，此处是let sb do sth的结构，所以空格用原形，故填tell。
71．例文
A sunshine teenager
Hello! I’m Li Ming. Our school had an activity “Learn from Sunshine Teenagers”. From then on, there are many sunshine teenagers around us.
Gao Fei is one of them. He is a kind and friendly boy who gets on well with others. He is also helpful. He usually goes to the Old People’s Home to read some newspapers to the old people, clean the rooms and do some washing. Besides, he isn’t afraid of difficulty. Whenever he meets trouble, he tries to deal with them. He not only works hard
but also likes reading. In addition, he is so outgoing that he takes an active part in all kinds of school activities, such as playing football with his classmates and joining lots of clubs.
Gao Fei is a good sunshine teenager. I should learn from him.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文主要以“A sunshine teenager”为题，并根据题干中的提示介绍身边的“阳光少年”——高飞，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和第三人称为主。第一段和最后一段已给出；第二段重点根据题干中的提示要点介绍高飞的事迹。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：90分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
选择题（满分40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．The ________ man can only touch the horse to “see” what the horse looks like.
A．deaf B．blind C．elderly D．ugly
2．I don’t know how to begin a talk with Betty. She can sit all day long _______a word.
A．by B．with C． in D．without
3．It’s not easy __________ him to take care of _________ many children during the trip.
A．of; such B．for; such C．of; so D．for; so
4．The young man ________ disabilities trained very hard before ________ a gold.
A．was born with; won B．born with; winning C．was born; won D．was born with; winning
5．We can't work out the physics problem.Can you tell us________？
A．how to do B．what to do it
C．how to do it D．what should to do
6．—Is this photo taken in Tibet？
—Yes. You can see beautiful snow mountain in the of the photo.
A．form B．background
C．shape D．introduction
7．If you have a chat with him more patiently, you will ________ learn more about him.
A．get to B．come to C．go to D．help to
8．My parents provide me ________ 3,000 yuan ________ my study every year.
A．with; with B．with; for C．for; with D．with; in
9．Song Joong-ki was once an excellent skater but had to ________ skating because of an accident.
A．go on B．give up C．take up D．put up
10．Everyone knows silver is similar ________ colour ________ aluminum (铝) .
A．in; to B．on; to C．in; with D．to; to
11．—Do more exercise. ________, you may become ill easily.
—I know that. ________, I don’t have enough time to do exercise.
A．Otherwise; However B．However; Otherwise
C．Otherwise; Otherwise D．However; However
12．________ we have done! We feel great as we can do something to help children in need.
A．What a meaningful work B．What a meaningful job
C．How meaningful job D．How meaningful work
13．— Many people eat_____ meat than they did before.
—Yes, that’s why they’re getting fatter and fatter.
A．more B．less C．fewer D．much
14．As students, we should ________ our extra (多余的) pocket money ________ Project Hope.
A．raise; to B．gives; for C．donate; to D．send; with
15．— I think you are the most suitable man to be the chairperson.
— _________.
A．Sure. I think so too B．Don’t say so
C．Oh, really I can’t believe D．It’s so nice of you. Thanks
二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A.B.C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Mrs. Wang has worked in a charity 16 1999 and she is very busy. Today when she is at breakfast at 7:30,
there comes a call. Twenty minutes 17 , she is with Jane because Jane can’t stop her child from 18 . There Mrs. Wang helps with Jane’s three-month-old baby and it soon calms down (平静). It is her first child and she should learn how to look after it. After that Mrs. Wang goes on to see Mrs. Black, a rich old woman who lives 19 . Her right arm is broken and can not wash or put on her clothes herself. She must 20 by Mrs. Wang every day.
Then Mrs. Wang gets her third call. She goes to the place for the 21 . There she is with the elderly till 3:00 p.m. One by one, she answers their questions and helps them take their 22 when the doctor looks over other people.
Mrs. Wang keeps hurrying around all day and 23 she can be rung up even late at night when the sick must be helped. She is 24 tired to work when she goes home, but she still 25 helping others.
16．A．when B．for C．since D．until
17．A．before B．late C．later D．ago
18．A．laugh B．cry C．jumping D．crying
19．A．happily B．lonely C．alone D．happy
20．A．be looked after B．take home C．look after D．be taken home
21．A．blind B．elderly C．deaf D．homeless
22．A．homework B．housework C．medicines (药) D．meals
23．A．always B．sometime C．usually D．sometimes
24．A．so B．very C．too D．much
25．A．enjoy B．dislikes C．keeps D．wants
三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A.B.C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Are you interested in Helmut Newton and John Pilger Do you want to learn more about their paintings You’re welcome to Barbican Gallery (画廊)!
26．When may you go to Barbican Gallery to see the paintings
A．Mon, 8 a.m. B．Wed, 7 p.m. C．Fri. 3 p.m. D．Sun 11 a.m.
27．Who pays the least to see the paintings
A．Tom with his 62 years old dad and 6-year-old son.
B．Mario, a disabled man and his 12-year-old daughter.
C．Jenny, 22 years old and her 18-year-old friend.
D．An 8-year-old boy and his grandparents at the age of 75.
28．How many ways at most are there to pay for the tickets
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
B
This kind of CPR is for teenagers and grown-ups, not for young children.
1 Hit the person and shout to him to see if he is OK.
2 If he doesn’t answer you, call 120. If the person is not breathing, begin CPR.
3 Put the palm (手掌) of your hand on top of your other hand, and lace (交叉) your fingers together.
4 Kneel (跪) down and put your hands in the center of the chest.
5 Push down hard, wait for the chest to rise, and do it again fast—about twice a second (秒).
6 Keep doing it until the doctors arrive.
29．We CANNOT give the CPR to ________.
A．babies B．teenagers C．parents D．the old
30．We can start performing (实施) CPR when the person ________.
A．has a fever B．falls down
C．doesn’t talk or breathe D．feels sick
31．How fast should we push the chest
A．About 30 times a minute. B．About 60 times a minute.
C．About 120 times a minute. D．About twice a minute.
C
A Chinese song could be heard in a classroom in Sanaa, the capital of Yemen (也门), where around 20 Chinese-learning schoolchildren were singing.
“I love to learn the Chinese language because it is very nice, important and I want to travel to China to complete my studies there,” Karim AI-Ansi, a student of the private Languages Model School in Sanaa told Xinhua.
Teacher Mohammed AI-Ansi, who learnt the language in China and received a university degree, stressed (强调) the importance of learning the Chinese language. “It is the language of the future and it is necessary for all people to get advantages from the great development in China,” he said.
Like many other private elementary and secondary schools in Yemen, the Chinese language is a basic part of the Languages Model School’s courses, where the students study Chinese as actively as math and science subjects. “In teaching the Chinese language, I succeeded in educating students in a simple way that fits everyone,” AI-Ansi
said proudly, stressing that teaching Chinese has changed his life without doubt.
AI-Ansi expects that Yemen and China will work together to set up centers and schools for teaching the Chinese language in Yemen so that many young Yemenis can learn. “I hope that a branch of the Confucius (孔子学院) could be built in Yemen to teach the language and spread the Chinese culture to many students and researchers who are interested in learning the Chinese culture and language,” he said. Many people in Yemen see that learning a foreign language may open a way of hope to a new life, such as getting more money and paving (铺平) the way to a bright future in the country that has experienced war for almost five years.
32．The passage tells us that Mohammed AI-Ansi ________.
A．has got a university degree in Yemen B．sings Chinese songs well
C．thinks it important to study Chinese D．owns a language school
33．In the Languages Model School, the students ________.
A．consider Chinese a simple language B．do well in science and math
C．take pride in Mohammed AI-Ansi D．are active in learning Chinese
34．The 5th paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．the Chinese culture B．Mohammed AI-Ansi’s hope
C．centers for learning Chinese D．the way of doing research
35．It can be learnt from the passage that ________.
A．many young Yemenis learn Chinese for a better future
B．learning Chinese is sure to make Yemenis rich
C．more and more Yemenis are going to work in China
D．Chinese has been popular in Yemen for five years
D
Every day I pass by a homeless old man on the street. He usually sits near where I go to school. Whenever I pass by, he says “hello” in a cheerful manner, and I always say it back. I give him any extra（多余的）change I have.
The old man always wears an old watch. It is not an expensive watch by any means, but it serves its purpose. One day I noticed he wasn’t wearing it any more. I asked him why and he looked down and told me that the battery（电池）had died so he threw it away. I knew he couldn’t buy a new battery and he had no enough money to buy a new watch.
He stayed on my mind all day, and I knew what I had to do. I went out to a shop and bought him a watch. It was not an expensive one, but one that was very similar to the one he had.
When I saw him the next day, he was smiling and cheerful as ever. When I bent down to put some change in his cup, I also dropped the watch in. I didn’t say anything about it. I just smiled at him and kept on walking. He didn’t even notice it until I left. I looked back and watched as he pulled the watch from the cup. He looked to me and I just smiled and nodded. He put the watch on with a big smile on his face and I walked happily on my way.
36．The old man always greets the writer when she passes because ________.
A．she is a student
B．she usually gives him some money
C．she has a lot of money
D．she is always cheerful
37．Why did the old man throw the watch away
A．Because the writer said she would give him one.
B．Because he wanted to get a new one.
C．Because the battery had no power.
D．Because the watch didn’t serve its purpose.
38．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．the old man knew the writer had brought him a new watch
B．the old man didn’t see the watch when the writer put it in the cup
C．the writer dropped nothing but a watch in the cup
D．the watch must have cost the writer a lot of money
39．What do we know about the new watch
A．It was a little expensive.
B．It was cheaper than the one the old man had.
C．It was more beautiful.
D．It looked like the one the old man had.
40．What’s the best title of the passage
A．How to help others B．Don’t throw old things away
C．An expensive gift D．A homeless old man
第II卷
非选择题（满分50分）
四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写相应横线上。
41．Lisa is going to teach in a primary school in (西北) China.
42．They always (支持) each other in their work.
43．They are talking about animal (课题) at the moment.
44．I decided to give an （介绍） to this new club before the party started.
45．After long-time hard work, he finally (取得) success.
B）请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答索填写在相应横线上。
46．—Whose bag is this
—It’s one of the (coach).
47．Have you (donate) money to the people who lost their homes
48．Mr Lee is trying to set up an (organize) to help blind people.
49．Sadly, there were no (survive) in the traffic accident.
50．There are many books on the shelf, (include) three cartoon books.
C）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中所给的七个选项选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通意思通顺，并将句子序号填写在答题卡标号为51-55的相应横线上。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
Volunteering is a great way to help others, whether it’s a child who has difficulty finishing his or her homework or an elderly person who feels lonely. 51 When somebody volunteers, they are doing something good for others or the world around them without being paid.
52 It can be organized, such as working for an organization, or not organized, like helping your neighbors with their food shopping. Many people volunteer to help the environment by picking up rubbish or planting trees.
How does helping other help you Research has shown that volunteering improves your well-being (幸福感). It can give you a sense of purpose and then help build your self -trust and make you feel motivated (有积极性的). 53 Amy Meek, who volunteers for a wildlife organization, agrees. Amy loves animals, and by joining the wildlife organization, she has become much clearer about what she сan do and feels more motivated.
54 By giving something to others, you feel happier and this is good for your health. Volunteering has
also been shown to reduce your personal worries because you pay some attention to others’ needs. 55 It can help you make more friends. “So volunteering is good for our mental health,” says Jolie Goodman of the Mental Health Foundation.
So, what are you waiting for Go volunteering and make a difference, not only for your self but also for the world.
A．What is volunteering
B．When do you volunteer
C．Volunteering comes in all shapes and sizes.
D．Stop waiting for someone else to do the work.
E．Helping others can actually help yourself, too.
F．This is especially true if you match volunteering to your interests.
G．Volunteering also offers you a chance to meet and connect with people.
五、阅读短文（共15小题；56-60题每小题2分，61-70题每小题1分，满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文，根据短文内容用英语回答5个题目。要求所写答案语法正确、语义切题，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-60的相应横线上。
One year before, at age 18, Leszyeski had aged out of foster care (寄养中心), having been in the system since she was four when her single mother was no longer able to care for her. Leszyeski was now enrolled in college, hoping to become a doctor. And the only furniture she had in her apartment was an air mattress with a hole in it.
Then she learned about an organization Chairity. The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care. Leszyeski reached out to Chairity, a nonprofit formed by 23-year-old Maria Paparella.
Paparella first became aware of foster care in elementary school when her parents were considering adopting a child. The plan didn’t work out, but Paparella often found herself thinking about that child. “I’m really close with my family, and I just couldn’t imagine being completely on my own at 18,” she says.
At 16, Paparella visited Summit County Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to understand what aging out looked like. One of her questions was “What’s not being met for these young people ” Near the top of the list was furniture. “That struck home,” says Paparella. The idea of “moving into an apartment without a bed to sleep on or a so fa to sit on” pulled at her heartstrings.
Paparella contacted her parents’ friends, asking if they had spare furniture to donate. A local furniture store
offered free ware-house space and its delivery truck. Watching the recipients’ (接受者) faces when they received a bed or a couch was amazing. Paparella remembers delivering a golden lamp to a woman and watching her polish it lovingly, getting rid of dirt and fingerprints.
Today, Chairity has given furniture to nearly 200 young adults in homes across six Ohio counties. Paparella is sure these contributions give the recipients hope and confidence. Leszyeski agrees. “It makes me feel like I’m not different from other people. My whole life, I’ve felt abnormal,” she says, “Now, I feel normal.”
56．When did Leszyeski enter the foster care system
57．What does Leszyeski hope to be in the future
58．What does Chairity provide for young people
59．What did Paparella try to understand when she visited Summit County Services at 16
60．What does Leszyeski think of Chairity
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61-70的相应位置上。
Leo and his father didn’t talk for 8 years. 8 years ago, Leo’s mother d 61 . He thought it was his father who caused his mother’s illness. He hated his father.
Now they were sitting in a nice c 62 shop. Suddenly his father asked the waiter to put some salt in his coffee. Leo was surprised. His father smiled and said, “Before you were born, your mother and I often had f 63 playing in the sea. We could taste the sea, just l 64 the taste of the salty coffee. Every time I have salty coffee, I always think of your mother. I m 65 her so much.”
Leo was deeply moved . He never knew his father had such deep l 66 for his mother. One month later, he moved to live w 67 his father. Every time he made coffee for him, he put some salt in the coffee.
After 10 years, his father died. Leo received a l 68 which said, “Dear Leo, please forgive my life's lie — the salty coffee. Actually at that t 69 I wanted some sugar, but I said salt. It was hard for me to change, so I just went ahead. Now let me t 70 you the truth. I don't like salty coffee, but I drink salty coffee for 10 years!
Having you with me is the biggest happiness of my whole life.”
六、书面表达（满分15分）
71．用微笑播撒阳光，用行动践行梦想，用无形的精神感染身边的每一个人——这就是“阳光少年”。请你以“A sunshine teenager”为题，写一篇英语短文介绍一下你身边的“阳光少年”——高飞。
内容提示：
1．善良友好，乐于助人，与人相处融洽 (如：去敬老院为老人读报，打扫房间，洗衣服) ；
2．不怕困难，勤奋好学，喜欢读书；
3．性格外向，积极参加各种文体活动 (如：与同学踢球，参加各种俱乐部) 。
注意事项：1．短文应包含内容提示，可作适当发挥，但不要逐词翻译；
2. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总数。
A sunshine teenager
Hello! I’m Li Ming. Our school had an activity “Learn from Sunshine Teenagers”. From then on, there are many sunshine teenagers around us.
Gao Fei is one of them. He __________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gao Fei is a good sunshine teenager. I should learn from him.
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：这个盲人只能摸马来“看”马的样子。
考查形容词辨析。deaf聋的；blind盲的；elderly年老的；ugly丑陋的。根据“touch the horse to ‘see’ what the horse looks like”可推知，应是位盲人。故选B。
2．D
【详解】句意：我不知道如何和贝蒂开始谈话，她坐在那儿一整天什么都没说。考查介词。in a word：总之，一句话；without a word：一言不发；结合句意可知选D。
3．D
【详解】句意：他在旅途中照顾这么多孩子不容易。easy是不可以修饰人的形容词, 即sb.和adj.没有主系表关系，因此，第一个空sb. 前用for。排除A/C。so副词，意思是“如此、这样”，后面常接形容词或副词；such形容词，意思是“如此、这样”，修饰名词，即可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词。many是形容词，因此用so来修饰。如此多的孩子，用so many children。故选D。
【点睛】It’s + adj. + (of / for) sb to do sth. 译作“(某人)做某事是…的”。It 是形式主语，不定式结构是真正主语。of / for后面的sb是不定式的逻辑主语。
1. 当形容词是可修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj. 有主系表关系时，sb. 前用of。如 It’s clever of you to answer the question so quickly. / It’s kind of you to help me a lot. 这样的形容词有：kind, nice, rude, clever, silly, foolish等。
2. 当形容词是不可以修饰人的形容词，即sb和adj. 没有主系表关系时，sb. 前用for。如 It’s easy for her to clean the window by herself. / It’s important for us to learn English well. 这样的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous等。
4．B
【详解】句意：这个生来残疾的年轻人在赢得金牌前训练非常刻苦。
考查定语后置和非谓语动词。born with disabilities是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰the young man，意为“生来残疾的年轻人”；before在此是介词，后面应接动名词winning，意为“在做某事之前”。故选B。
5．C
【详解】疑问词后接动词不定式。句意“我们不能算出这个物理难题，你能告诉我们怎样算出来”，what可作为do的宾语，动词后不用加it；how不可作为do的宾语，因此后需加代词it，因此选C。
6．B
【详解】试题分析：句意：--这张照片是在西藏拍摄的吗？--是的。在照片的背景中你可以看到美丽的雪山。form形状，形式，外形，表格；background背景，底色；shape形状；introduction介绍，说明。in the background of the photo在照片的背景中。所以选B。
【考点定位】考查名词辨析。
7．A
【详解】句意：如果你更耐心地和他聊天，你将渐渐对他有更多的了解。
考查动词短语辨析。get to do逐渐开始做；come to do“来做”；go to do“去做”；help to do“帮助做”。根据“If you have a chat with him more patiently”可知应是耐心地聊天，逐渐了解，故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：我的父母每年给我3000元供我学习之用。
考查介词辨析。with用；for为了；in在……里。provide sb with sth意为“给某人提供某物”，因此第一空是with；for表示目的，for my study意为“为了我的学习”。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：宋仲基曾是一名优秀的滑冰运动员，但是他因为一次事故而不得不放弃滑冰。
考查动词短语的词义辨析。go on继续；give up放弃；take up从事；put up张贴。根据“because of an accident”可知宋仲基因为一场事故不得不放弃滑冰。故选B。
10．A
【详解】句意：人人都知道银的颜色和铝相似。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；to到；on在……上；with和。根据“Everyone knows silver is similar … colour … aluminum (铝)”可知，be similar in…to…“在……方面与……相似”。故选A。
11．A
【详解】句意：——多锻炼。否则，你可能很容易生病。——我知道。然而我没有足够的时间去锻炼。
考查副词辨析。Otherwise否则；However然而。第一空前后句是条件关系，表示多锻炼，“否则”你可能很容易生病；第二空前后句是转折关系，表示“然而”我没有足够的时间去锻炼。故选A。
12．B
【详解】句意：我们做了多么有意义的工作！ 我们感觉很棒，因为我们可以做些事情来帮助有需要的孩子。
考查感叹句。感叹句分别可由what和how引导，句型分别为：“What + (a/an) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”和“How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。根据四个选项可知，该句中心词（work和job）为名词，故应用what修饰，C、D选项可排除。work意为“工作”时为不可数名词，其前不可用不定冠词a，A选项排除，故选B。
13．A
【详解】考查比较级。句中than提示此处应该用比较级。根据答句：是的。那就是他们变的越来越胖的原因。可知前一句应该是：很多人比以前吃的肉多了。故选A。
14．C
【详解】句意：作为学生，我们应该把多余的零花钱捐给希望工程。
考查动词辨析。raise作“筹集”讲时，与介词for连用；give与to连用；send与to连用，则排除A、B、D三项。donate与to连用，donate...to...“把……捐赠给”，这里表示“把我们多余的零用钱捐给希望工程”。故选C。
15．D
【详解】句意：——我认为你是当主席的最佳人选。——你真是太好了，谢谢你。
考查情景交际。Sure. I think so too“当然，我也这么认为”；Don’t say so“不要这样说”；Oh, really I can’t believe“哦，真的，我不敢相信”；It’s so nice of you. Thanks“你真好。谢谢”。根据上句“I think you are the most suitable man to be the chairperson.”可知，对于对方的表扬和肯定要表示感谢，D项符合语境。故选D。
16．C 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．C
【导语】王太太是一个善良的女人，自从1999年她就在一个慈善机构工作，今天王太太在吃早饭的时候，一个电话响了，20分钟后，她和简在一起，因为简不能阻止她的孩子哭泣，王太太让他平静下来，然后，她又去看布莱克太太，一个独自生活的富有的女人，她的右胳膊断了，不能自己洗脸穿衣，她必须每天被照顾，然后王太太接到了第三个电话，她去了一个照顾老人的地方，当医生太忙不能照顾每一个人的时候，她帮他们吃药，王太太整天很忙，有时甚至在晚上被打电话，当她到家的时候，她太累了不能工作了，但是她仍然喜欢帮助别人。
16．句意：自从1999年她就在一个慈善机构工作。
when当……时候；for+时间段；since+时间点，自……以来；until直到。根据“has worked”可知，句子的时态是现在完成时，排除A、D选项；空后是“1999”，时间点，应用since。故选C。
17．句意：20分钟后，她和简在一起。
before在……之前；late晚的；later后来；ago以前。根据“ Today when she is at breakfast at 7:30, there comes a call. Twenty minutes…, she is with Jane because Jane can't stop her child from…. There Mrs Wang helps with Jane's three-month-old baby and it soon calms down.”可知，是20分钟之后，时间段+later表示“多久以后”。故选C。
18．句意：因为简不能阻止她的孩子哭泣。
laugh笑；cry哭；jumping跳；crying哭泣。根据“.. and it soon calms down”可知，此处是指“Jane没办法让她的孩子停止哭泣”，stop sb from doing sth是固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选D。
19．句意：一个独自生活的富有女人。
happily开心地；lonely孤独的；alone独自地；happy开心的。根据“Her right arm is broken and can not wash or put on her clothes herself.”可知，她是独自一人生活的，因此用副词alone修饰“lives”。故选C。
20．句意：她必须每天被照顾。
be looked after被照顾；take home带回家；look after照顾；be taken home被带回家。根据“Her right arm is broken and can not wash or put on her clothes herself.”可知，她生活不便，所以需要被照顾。故选A。
21．句意：她去老人院。
blind盲的；elderly年老的；deaf聋的；homeless无家可归的。根据“There she is with the elderly till 3:00 p.m.”可知，她去了老人院。故选B。
22．句意：她帮他们吃药。
homework家庭作业；housework家务；medicines 药；meals饭。根据“…when the doctor looks over other people.”可知，她帮助他们吃药。“吃药”用固定搭配take medicine来表示，设空处的前面有their修饰。故选C。
23．句意：有时甚至在晚上被打电话。
always总是；sometime某个时候；usually通常；sometimes有时。根据“Mrs Wang keeps hurrying around all day and…”以及“she can be rung up even late at night when the sick must be helped.”可知此处指的是“有时在晚上被打电话”。故选D。
24．句意：她太累了以至于不能工作了。
so所以；very非常；too太；much许多。根据“Mrs Wang keeps hurrying around all day”可知，Mrs Wang非常忙，由此推断本句表示“当她回家时已经太累以至于干不动活了”。此处用“too... to...”结构，意为“太……以至于不能……”。故选C。
25．句意：但是她仍然一直帮助别人。
enjoy喜欢；dislikes不喜欢；keeps一直；wants想要。根据“She is…tired to work when she goes home, but she still…helping others.”可知，尽管她很累，但是仍然一直帮助别人。故选C。
26．D 27．D 28．C
【导语】本文是一则广告，广告中介绍了画廊的营业时间，票价等信息。
26．细节理解题。根据“Tue, Wed, Sun 10 a.m.-6 p.m. (John Pilger)”可知，星期二、星期三、星期天都是从早上10点至晚上六点，选项D中的时间符合题意。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“Grown-ups $7”；“Students and young people 12-17, over 60 years old $5”；“Under 12
free”；“Disabled people $3.5”可知，选项D中“一个8岁的男孩和他75岁的祖父母”付钱最少。故选D。
28．细节理解题。从方框内的最后两行看出，共有三种方式买票，分别是现金、刷卡还有微信支付。故选C。
29．A 30．C 31．C
【导语】本文讲述了为青少年和成年人做的心肺复苏术。
29．细节理解题。根据“This kind of CPR is for teenagers and grown-ups, not for young children.”可知我们不能给婴儿做这种心肺复苏术，故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据“If he doesn’t answer you, call 120. If the person is not breathing, begin CPR.”可知没有回应和呼吸的情况下需要心肺复苏，故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“Push down hard, wait for the chest to rise, and do it again fast—about twice a second (秒).”可知需要大约每秒两次，因此一分钟大约120次，故选C。
32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了在也门的首都，许多人非常重视学习汉语，并且提到了一名在也门教汉语的老师的观点。
32．细节理解题。根据“Teacher Mohammed Al-Ansi, who learnt the language in China and received a university degree, stressed the importance of learning the Chinese language”可知，他认为学习汉语很重要。故选C。
33． 细节理解题。根据“...the Chinese language is a basic part of the Languages Model School’s courses, where the students study Chinese as actively as math and science subjects”可知学生们非常积极地学习汉语。故选D。
34． 主旨大意题。通读整段以及“Al-Ansi expects that Yemen and China will work together to set up centers and schools forteaching the Chinese language in Yemen so that many young Yemenis can learn”可知，该段主要表达了Mohammed AI-Ansi的期望。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据“Many people in Yemen see that learning a foreign language may open a way of hope to a new life, such as getting more money and paving the way to a bright future in the country”可知，许多也门人学习一门外语是为了更好的未来。故选A。
36．B 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文介绍了作者帮助一位无家可归的老人的故事。每次经过老人身边都给一些零用钱，在得知老
人把手表扔了之后给老人买手表的故事，说明作者知道该如何帮助别人。
36．细节理解题。根据“I give him any extra （多余的） change I have.”可知，我给他零钱。所以当作者走过时，那位老人总是向她打招呼。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据“I asked him why and he looked down and told me that the battery（电池） had died so he threw it away.”可知，老人把手表扔了是因为电池没有电了。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据“He didn’t even notice it until I left.”可知，当我把手表放到老人的杯子里的时候，老人没有看见。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“It was not an expensive one, but one that was very similar to the one he had.”可知，这块新的手表与老人扔掉的手表差不多。故选D。
40．最佳标题题。通读全文可知本文自始至终都讲了如何帮助一位无家可归的老人的故事。因此最好的题目是A选项。故选A。
41．north-west
【详解】句意：丽莎要去中国西北部的一所小学任教。表示“中国西北”可用“north-west China”表示。故填north-west。
42．support
【详解】句意：他们在工作中总是互相支持。support“支持”，是动词，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是复数人称they，动词应用原形，故填support。
43．projects
【详解】句意：他们此刻正在谈论动物课题。该空作动词短语talk about的宾语，用名词，且“动物课题”是复数意义，用名词复数，故填projects。
44．introduction
【详解】句意：我决定在派对开始之前先介绍一下这个新的俱乐部。不定冠词an后接单数名词，“介绍”应用名词introduction。故填introduction。
45．achieved
【详解】句意：经过长期的努力，他终于取得了成功。“取得”为achieve，动词；根据空前“After long-time hard work,”语境可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故填achieved。
46．coaches’
【详解】句意：——这是谁的包？——是其中一个教练的。根据“It’s one of the…”可知，本句表达的是“它是其中一个教练的”，本空需用名词所有格。“……之一”one of the+名词复数。“coach”教练，它的复数形式的
所有格是coaches’。故填coaches’。
47．donated
【详解】句意：你给失去家园的人捐款了吗？donate“捐赠”，根据“Have you...money to the people...”可知表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，故此处用过去分分词。故填donated。
48．organization
【详解】句意：李先生正试图建立一个帮助盲人的组织。空前有不定冠词修饰，应用名词单数，故填organization。
49．survivors
【详解】句意：不幸的是，交通事故中没有幸存者。根据句意可知，此处填名词形式，“survivor”意为“幸存者”，空前be动词是“were”，因此用名词复数形式。故填survivors。
50．including
【详解】句意：书架上有很多书，包括三本漫画书。根据“There are many books on the shelf, …(include) three cartoon books.”可知，横线处缺的成分是介词，其后接名词“three cartoon books”。“include”包含，是动词，介词形式是including。故填including。
51．A 52．C 53．F 54．E 55．G
【导语】本文主要介绍了做志愿者活动的好处。
51．根据“Volunteering is a great way to help others,...When somebody volunteers, they are doing something good for others or the world around them without being paid.”可知，此处是介绍志愿服务，A项“什么是志愿服务”符合语境，故选A。
52．根据“It can be organized such as working for an organization, or not organized, like helping your neighbors with their food shopping. ”可知，介绍志愿活动可以有组织，也可以没有组织，选项C“志愿活动有各种各样的形式和规模。”符合语境，故选C。
53．根据“Amy loves animals, and by joining the wildlife organization, she has become much clearer about what she сan do and feels more motivated..”可知，此处应介绍Amy正好加入自己感兴趣的志愿组织，选项F“如果你的志愿活动与你的兴趣相匹配，这一点尤其正确。”符合语境，故选F。
54．根据“By giving something to others, you feel happier and this is good for your health.”可知，志愿活动对你的健康有好处，选项E“帮助别人实际上也能帮助你自己。”符合语境，故选E。
55．根据“It can help you make more friends”可知，志愿活动可以帮助你交朋友，选项G“志愿活动也为你提
供了一个与人交流的机会。”符合语境，故选G。
56．At the age of four. 57．A doctor. 58．Furniture and household goods. 59．What aging out looked like. 60．It makes her feel normal.
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述的是女孩Leszyeski收到来自由一名23岁女孩Maria Paparela创建的慈善组织Chairity帮助的故事。该非营利性机构通过帮助一些生活在寄养中心的孩子们，让他们找到了人生的希望和自信。
56．根据“Leszyeski had aged out of foster care (寄养中心), having been in the system since she was four...”可知，Leszyeski四岁进的寄养中心，故填At the age of four.
57．根据“Leszyeski was now enrolled in college, hoping to become a doctor.”可知，Leszyeski希望成为一名医生，故填A doctor.
58．根据“Then she learned about an organization Chairity. The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care.”可知，Chairity为年轻人提供家具和家居用品，故填Furniture and household goods.
59．根据“At 16, Paparella visited Summit County Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to understand what aging out looked like.”可知，Paparella在16岁拜访儿童服务中心时试图了解老龄化是什么样子的，故填What aging out looked like.
60．根据“It makes me feel like I’m not different from other people...Now, I feel normal.”可知，Chairity让Leszyeski感觉自己和其他人是一样的，很正常，故填It makes her feel normal.
61．died 62．coffee 63．fun 64．like 65．miss 66．love 67．with 68．letter 69．time 70．tell
【分析】本文介绍了利奥的母亲8年前去世，他认为母亲的死是由父亲造成的。后来当他们在一家咖啡店喝咖啡时，他的父亲让服务员在咖啡里放一些盐，利奥感到很惊讶。他父亲说：以前他和他的母亲在海边玩的很开心，咖啡里放盐的味道就像大海的味道。利奥被深深地感动，并搬去和父亲一起去。从此以后，利奥都是在父亲的咖啡里放盐，10年之后父亲也去世了。父亲告诉了他真相，其实他当时想加糖，但说错了。但是和利奥在一起的时光是他人生中最快乐的日子。
61．句意：8年前，利奥的母亲去世了。根据“He thought it was his father who caused his mother’s illness.”及
首字母提示可知，此处指的是母亲去世了，句中的时间是“8 years ago”，所以动词用过去式，故填died。
62．句意：现在他们正坐在一家不错的咖啡店里。根据“Suddenly his father asked the waiter to put some salt in his coffee.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在咖啡馆”，故填coffee。
63．句意：在你出生之前，我和你妈妈经常在海边玩得很开心。根据“I always think of your mother. I…her so much.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“玩的开心”，英语是have fun，故填fun。
64．句意：我们可以尝到大海的味道，就像咸咖啡的味道一样。根据“We could taste the sea”以及“the taste of the salty coffee”可知，此处指的是“就像”，英语是介词like，故填like。
65．句意：我非常想念她。根据“Every time I have salty coffee, I always think of your mother.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“想念”，英语是miss，此处是引用父亲的原话，所以用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，动词用原形，故填miss。
66．句意：他从来不知道他父亲对母亲有如此深的爱。根据“Every time I have salty coffee, I always think of your mother. I…her so much.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“爱”，英语是love，是一个不可数名词，所以此处用原形，故填love。
67．句意：一个月后，他搬去和父亲住在一起。根据“moved to live”以及“Every time he made coffee for him, he put some salt in the coffee.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“和父亲一起住”，英语是live with，故填with。
68．句意：利奥收到一封信。根据“which said, “Dear Leo, please forgive my life's lie — the salty coffee.”及首字母提示可知，他收到一封信。空格前有不定冠词修饰，所以名词用单数形式，故填letter。
69．句意：实际上那时我想要一些糖，但我说的是盐。结合语境及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在那时”，英语是at that time，故填time。
70．句意：现在让我告诉你真相。根据“I don't like salty coffee, but I drink salty coffee for 10 years! Having you with me is the biggest happiness of my whole life.”可知，此处指的是“告诉真相”，英语是tell，此处是let sb do sth的结构，所以空格用原形，故填tell。
71．例文
A sunshine teenager
Hello! I’m Li Ming. Our school had an activity “Learn from Sunshine Teenagers”. From then on, there are many sunshine teenagers around us.
Gao Fei is one of them. He is a kind and friendly boy who gets on well with others. He is also helpful. He usually goes to the Old People’s Home to read some newspapers to the old people, clean the rooms and do some washing. Besides, he isn’t afraid of difficulty. Whenever he meets trouble, he tries to deal with them. He not only works hard
but also likes reading. In addition, he is so outgoing that he takes an active part in all kinds of school activities, such as playing football with his classmates and joining lots of clubs.
Gao Fei is a good sunshine teenager. I should learn from him.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文主要以“A sunshine teenager”为题，并根据题干中的提示介绍身边的“阳光少年”——高飞，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和第三人称为主。第一段和最后一段已给出；第二段重点根据题干中的提示要点介绍高飞的事迹。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。