2024届 高考英语 二轮复习 七选五 强化练习（含解析）

Test 1
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. __1__ You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lives, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. __2__
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. __3__ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we've all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·__4__Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. __5__ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A.Get out of your comfort zone.
B．Make career plans and set goals.
C．Don't throw away your beginner art.
D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E.You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F.Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G.You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
Test 2
Lake Baikal, the biggest body of fresh water on Earth near Russia's border with Mongolia, is home to several unusual animals, including the world's only species of freshwater seal (海豹).
Seals exist in large quantities in Baikal, about 100，000 of them, though the lake is poor in nutrition. __1__. A study just published by Watanabe Yuuki of the National Institute of Polar Research in Tokyo suggests the answer is tiny organisms.
Most seals eat fish. And Baikal seals do, indeed, have needle pointed teeth. But in 1982 researchers noted that they developed a second sort of specialized tooth behind those canines (犬齿). They have sharp teeth which look like combs (梳子). __2__. But Dr Watanabe guessed that they might be an adaptation for feeding on other strange creatures in the lake.
Seals arrived in Baikal 2 million years ago, from the Arctic Ocean. So too did some much smaller sea creatures, known as amphipods. These have grown into more than 340 species.
__3__. But Dr Watanabe wondered if the Baikal seals' comb like teeth might enable them to filter (过滤) these tiny creatures from the water in sufficient quantities to make them useful food sources. __4__.
Records showed that the seals would dive in with their mouths open and collect amphipod groups that form at night. Dr Watanabe estimated that each seal catches an average of 57 amphipods per dive. __5__， for the seals do hunt fish as well. But they also compete with those fish for the amphipods, thus partially bypassing a link in the food chain and perhaps maintaining themselves in larger numbers than what would otherwise be possible.
A．The needlelike canines are necessary
B．So how they do so well has been a puzzle
C．This has led to their numbers increasing sharply
D．At the time, nobody knew what to make of them
E．He therefore used waterproof cameras to observe a few seals
F．Cameras remained attached to some seals for between two and four days
G．Sea mammals of the size of seals would normally see amphipods as too small to hunt
Test 3
“A ship in the harbor is safe, but that is not what ships are built for，” said John Augustus Shedd, an early 20th century author. Throughout COVID 19, we've all become used to assessing risk in new ways. We've come to understand, though we can never get rid of risk altogether，we have great power to make choices both large and small to protect ourselves. __1__ It stops us from stepping outside of our comfort zones and trying new things.
Developmental psychologists talk about “positive risks”—socially acceptable risks that our lives can benefit from. __2__ But what about those who develop into adults Researchers have found that happiness for older adults is being able to choose how they spend their time, including ways that are adventurous, new and even mildly risky，like hiking or other outdoor activities.
One guide to positive risk management lists ways that people can make sure their risks are on the “safe” side of the risk range. For example, to ensure a successful bike ride, you should in advance equip yourself with a fully charged cell phone and a full water bottle. __3__ Or if you are concerned about your physical capacity, consult a certified trainer or a medical professional before departure.
__4__ This means adapting to changing situations. In response to the deadly virus，people choose to step back into normal life only after they are vaccinated. In this way, people could be confident that the risk is tolerable.
Nobody wants to be needlessly risky. But using our newly acquired risk assessment tools, we can once again learn and grow in our lives. __5__
A．Take risks in a positive way.
B．But the self protective mind state carries its own risk.
C．Overall happiness is one benefit of positive risk taking.
D．Remember to tell one of your friends or families your destination.
E．Besides taking preventive steps, flexible thinking is also encouraged.
F．Like a ship sailing away from its harbor, that is what we were built to do.
G．For teenagers, this means risks like running for a monitor or trying out for a team.
Test 4
Now I live in Paris. Actually, I don't mind the food or the people, but I do care about the land that extraordinarily lacks characteristics of hiking. I enjoy being outdoors and hiking，but Paris's natural resources don't hold much potential for my bent. So when my dad asked if I wanted to go hiking with him, I was overjoyed. __1__. It turned out that I was too optimistic.
We started our main hike up Flattop Mountain. As we hiked it was much more challenging than I had expected. __2__. The path is winding and we saw mountains towering over the green valleys and cliffs that seemed endless. What amazed me most was that thick clouds enveloped the mountainsides. __3__.
I stared up at the top to see how much farther we had to go and I began to worry that I wouldn't finish it. __4__. It made me doubtful about my persistence (坚持). But when we looked back at the path that faded in the distance, I was filled with fulfillment with seeing how much we had done.
As I was hiking, I started to reflect on how hiking was similar to other aspects of my life. __5__. It reminded me of my struggles in my classes and the difficulties I had to overcome. I spotted that the process of learning isn't always the most fun, but the fulfillment after seeing how much I had finished just increases the thirst for knowledge, causing me to long for more learning. Looking down at the mountain I was content but never fully satisfied. Having considered a lot, I was determined to pursue the summit (山顶).
A．Hiking could make me fly
B．Hiking gave time for my mind to wander
C．I thought I would finish the journey with ease
D．But I was shocked at the beauty surrounding me
E．I was satisfied with the landscape along the way
F．It was unlike anything I had ever witnessed before
G．A recent ankle injury had left me unsure of my physical capabilities
Test 5
Biologist Marc Bekoff studies dogs, wolves and coyotes (土狼). __1__. If they're in the same pack，animal friends may sleep close to one another. They greet one another, travel together, share food and groom (梳毛) each other. Animal friends are nice to one another，and they even play together. __2__.
Playing together, for instance, helps animals bond and keeps them close to the group. “Coyote pups who don't play together are more likely to go out on their own. __3__.” says Bekoff. “If an animal has a special friend，both friends benefit by having someone to watch out for them.”
__4__. When a young rhinoceros sets out on its own for the first time，it may look for an older travel friend，and this companion helps to find food and water and avoid predators. Young male elephants hang out together when they leave their mothers' herds，and young dolphins do，too. Pairs of bottlenose dolphins sometimes form strong bonds and pal around together for years. Among chimpanzee groups，some pair up to groom each other，hunt together, share food and defend each other from danger.
Why do animals have friends “Mainly because in the long run they benefit from friendships，” scientist Franz de Waal says. “It is all give and take. __5__.”
A．Young animals often team up for protection
B．He believes that many animals do have friends
C．He thinks that many animals seldom have friends
D．Therefore，playing together sometimes is harmful
E．And leaving the protection of the group can be dangerous
F．This friendly behavior can be important to an animal's survival
G．Sometimes one gives more, and the other takes more，but in the end both parties gain
Test 6
We all have things that we want to achieve in our lives—getting into the better shape, building a successful business, raising a wonderful family, and so on. __1__ At least, this is how I approached my life goals until recently.
What I'm starting to realize, however, is that when it comes to actually getting things done and making progress in the areas that are important to you, there is a much better way to do things. It all comes down to the difference between goals and systems. __2__ Your system is the writing schedule that you follow each week. Now for the really interesting question: If you completely ignored your goals and focused only on your system, would you still get results I think you would.
__3__ In the last 12 months, I've written over 115，000 words. The typical book is about 50，000 to 60，000 words, so I have written enough to fill two books this year. All of this is such a surprise because I never set a goal for my writing. I didn't measure my progress in relation to some benchmark. __4__ I never said, “I want to write two books this year.” What I did focus on was writing one article every Monday and Thursday. I focused on my system and the process of doing the work. And after sticking to that schedule for 11 months, the result was 115, 000 words. In the end, I enjoyed the same (or perhaps better) results.
Goals are good for planning your progress and systems are good for actually making progress. Goals can provide direction and even push you forward in the short term, but eventually a well designed system will always win. Having a system is what matters. __5__
A．None of this is to say that goals are useless.
B．If you're a writer, your goal is to write a book.
C．Forget about predicting the future and build a system.
D．I never set a word count goal for any particular article.
E．Committing to the process is what makes the difference.
F．And for most of us, the path to those things starts by setting a specific goal.
G．As an example, I just added up the total word count for the articles I've written this year.
Test 7
The Danger of Overusing Exclamation Marks (感叹号)
I'm well known for my cheerfulness. Even on my worst days, I still put on a happy face to communicate with people. __1__.
I used to catch myself using exclamation marks at the end of every sentence in emails to express friendliness. __2__. Just look at the last few messages you sent. If you're like me, you will probably see exclamation marks throughout your emails, “I'm excited to hear from you！” and “I'm happy to help out！” But really
The reality is that I'm not always excited to hear from someone I don't know. __3__， because I have my own work to do. But fearing others dislike me, my tone is always enthusiastic with exclamation marks, even when the situation doesn't need it.
Sure, people will think I'm nice，but I sacrifice a lot in this process. First，when I manage others' feelings in this way, I'm putting my own needs second. __4__. And what's worse, it's unnecessary. As I've learned the danger of overusing exclamation marks, I've decided to use them more properly. __5__. Like a well placed smile，a thoughtful exclamation mark connects me to the people I communicate with.
A．I'm not always happy to help
B．I used to be hesitant to refuse others
C．The chances are that you've sent those emails too
D．Managing other people's feelings is exhausting
E．There are many ways to build a connection beyond punctuation
F．This behaviour can be found in my emails as exclamation marks
G．Now I use exclamation marks only when it feels honest and authentic
Test 8
The news plays an important role in our lives, which has been emphasized even further during the past year. If you find yourself beginning to feel the negative impacts from the news, now is the time to start putting protective steps into place.
Control consumption. __1__ Alternatively, you may have noticed a pattern you are experiencing. For example, do you tend to feel more negative impacts if you read the news when you're tired or just before bed, or during periods of increased stress If so, you may wish to limit exposure at certain times of a day or in particular contexts.
Take ownership over your emotions. __2__ It is your right to feel how you do. In doing so, acknowledge that you have control over your reactions. This can help you feel more empowered to act positively.
__3__ If you're being disturbed by negative news coverage, try to find some other resources to focus on. For instance, during the current pandemic (流行病), the WHO suggests focusing on recovery stories.
Seek support. Contact support groups or health care professionals. It's important to recognize the value of positive social support and to recognize that seeking help is a positive and strong step. These contacts can also help you find other helpful resources. __4__
What works for one person may not be the best approach for another, Everyone is an individual. __5__ Do not hesitate to seek professional help to guide you through this process.
A．Focus on the positive.
B．Take time to find what works for you.
C．Always remember that you are not alone.
D．Never blame yourself for negative emotions.
E．It's also important to invest time in self care.
F．This includes taking some time out from the media.
G．Staying informed and educated is particularly important.
Test 1
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——生活方式——介绍艺术之旅的好建议
【文章大意】　文章介绍了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
1．答案与解析：C　根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook （素描本） for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. （从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板）”以及后文“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. （你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步）”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don't throw away your beginner art. （不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品）”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
2．答案与解析：G　分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lives, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. （经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制）”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. （你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆）”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
3．答案与解析：A　分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. （不断挑战自己，尝试新事物）”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. （艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦）”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. （走出你的舒适区）”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
4．答案与解析：D　分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback （反馈） is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. （寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重）”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. （如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品）”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
5．答案与解析：E　分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. （你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路）”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. （坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报）”可知，E项“You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times. （你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁）”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
Test 2
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——研究发现——淡水海豹靠捕食微生物生存
【文章大意】　尽管贝加尔湖营养物质匮乏，但它里面却存在大量的淡水海豹。这些淡水海豹是如何生存得这么好的呢？一项刚发表的研究表明，它们是通过捕食微生物来生存的。
1．答案与解析：B　空前一句中的“large quantities”和“poor in nutrition”形成对比，空处内容应是由上文内容引发的疑问，故B项符合语境，且下文中的“the answer is tiny organisms”与B项相呼应。
2．答案与解析：D　结合空后一句“But Dr Watanabe guessed that...in the lake”可推知，空后讲到的内容是在揭秘，再结合上文的“in 1982 researchers noted...which look like combs （梳子）”可知，空处内容应该是当时对淡水海豹像梳子一样的牙齿的不解，故D项符合语境。
3．答案与解析：G　结合空后的But可以推断，空处会涉及一般来说像海豹这样的生物会认为这些较小的海洋生物不适合被捕食，故G项符合语境。
4．答案与解析：E　根据上文中的“Dr Watanabe wondered if...food sources”可知，空处应该会承接上一句，讲到Dr Watanabe是如何弄清楚自己的疑问的，故E项符合语境。
5．答案与解析：A　根据下文中的“for the seals do hunt fish as well”并结合常识可知，针状的牙对于捕食鱼很有帮助，所以也是必需的，故A项符合语境。
Test 3
语篇类型：议论文　主题语境：人与自我——自我成长——积极冒险
【文章大意】　本文通过阐述积极冒险的定义和好处鼓励我们在生活中保护自己的同时也要进行适当的积极冒险、尝试新事物。
1．答案与解析：B　根据上文内容可知，停泊在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的。尽管我们永远无法完全摆脱风险，但我们有强大的能力做出大大小小的选择来保护自己。再根据下文的“It stops us...trying new things”可知，它阻止我们走出舒适区、尝试新事物。据此可知，上下文为转折关系，B项符合语境。空后的It与选项B中的“the self protective mind state”呼应。
2．答案与解析：G　根据上文的“Developmental psychologists...benefit from”可知，“积极风险”指的是社会可接受的风险，我们可以从中受益。再结合下文的“But what about...mildly risky”可知，空后阐述积极风险对成人的积极影响。由此可知，空处应该也是讲述积极风险对某个年龄段的人的积极影响，因此选G。
3．答案与解析：D　根据上文内容可知，此处应该继续描述为了顺利完成自行车骑行而采取的措施，故D项符合语境。
4．答案与解析：E　根据下文内容可知，这意味着要适应不断变化的情况。E项“除了采取预防措施，灵活变通的思维也值得提倡”承接下文。空后的This指代E项中的“flexible thinking”。
5．答案与解析：F　根据上文的“Nobody wants to...our lives”可知，没有人愿意冒不必要的风险。但使用我们新获得的风险评估工具，我们可以再次在生活中学习和成长。结合文章开头用船和港口的例子可知，此处是说像驶离港口的船一样，我们也应进行积极冒险，故F项符合语境。
Test 4
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文　主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——远足感悟
【文章大意】　本文讲述了作者和父亲的远足经历及自己的感悟。
1．答案与解析：C　根据空后的“It turned out that I was too optimistic”可知，前一句讲到的应该是作者对远足的乐观态度。综合分析选项可知，C项符合语境。
2．答案与解析：D　本空承上启下。空前讲到这次远足之旅比作者想象中更具有挑战性，而空后的“The path is winding and...that seemed endless”则讲到了途中的风景，因此空处形成转折，故D项符合语境。
3．答案与解析：F　空前一句作者描写了自己的感受，讲到了最令自己惊讶的景色。故空处应该会对这一情况进行总结，F项“这样的美景（厚厚的云层笼罩着山腰）和我以前见过的任何景色都不一样”符合语境。
4．答案与解析：G　空前空后都讲到了作者对自己的怀疑，根据空后一句中的“It made me doubtful about my persistence （坚持）”可知，空处应该会讲到一件具体的、让作者不自信的事件，故G项符合语境。
5．答案与解析：B　综合语境判断，空后一句中的“It reminded me of my struggles”中的“It”指的应该是hiking，选项锁定A项和B项，空前空后分别讲到了作者的反思和回想，故B项符合语境。
Test 5
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——自然生态——动物有朋友
【文章大意】　本文讲述了动物有朋友的好处及原因。
1．答案与解析：B　空前讲生物学家Marc Bekoff研究狗、狼、土狼，空后讲动物有朋友的好处。B项“他认为很多动物有朋友”符合语境。
2．答案与解析：F　空前讲动物朋友之间友好相处，一起玩耍，故F项“这种友好行为对动物的生存很重要”承接上文。
3．答案与解析：E　空前讲一块玩耍有助于动物之间建立关系，有助于它们之间团队合作，不一块玩耍的幼土狼有可能单独外出。故E项“离开了团队的保护是危险的”总结了外出的危险。
4．答案与解析：A　根据空后举的例子可总结出，幼小的动物寻找年长的动物的庇护，或者一起外出，故A项“年幼的动物常常组队以寻求保护”可作本段首句，概括本段内容。
5．答案与解析：G　空前讲动物有朋友的原因：长远来看，它们从友谊那里获得益处，友谊就是给予和索取，故G项“虽然有时一方给予更多，另一方索取更多，但最终双方都有收获”承接上文，解释动物有朋友的原因。
Test 6
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——生活方式——完成目标
【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了完成人生目标的策略：设计一个好的系统，将大的目标分阶段去完成。实施目标的过程对于我们实现目标、取得进步是很有帮助的。
1．答案与解析：F　根据下文可知，至少直到最近，作者都是这样靠近人生目标的。由此可知，空处应该是说明了一种实现目标的方式。选项F“对我们大多数人来说，通往那些事情（成功）的道路始于设定一个明确的目标”与下文一致，故选F。
2．答案与解析：B　根据空前内容可知，这一切都归结于目标和系统之间的差异。由此可知，目标和系统间有差异。再结合空后内容可知，你的写作系统就是你每周要遵循的写作时间表。由此可推知，空处应是目标。选项B符合文意，承上启下。
3．答案与解析：G　根据下文可知，在过去的12个月里，作者写了11.5万多字。一般的书大概有5万到6万字，所以作者今年已经写了两本书。由此可知，作者是统计了自己所写的内容。选项G“举个例子，我刚刚把我今年写的文章的字数加起来”符合文意，故选G。
4．答案与解析：D　根据下文可知，作者从来没有说过“我今年想写两本书”，作者专注于每周一和周四写一篇文章。由此可知，作者只是坚持这样做，并没有制订具体的目标，选项D“我从来没有为任何一篇文章设定字数目标”符合语境，故选D。
5．答案与解析：E　根据上文可知，目标可以为你提供方向，甚至在短期内推动你前进，但最终，设计良好的系统总是赢家。拥有一个系统才是最重要的。由此可知，目标固然重要，但是坚持不懈地做才更重要。选项E“专注于过程才是关键所在”与上文文意一致。故选E。
Test 7
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文　主题语境：人与社会——人际交往——过度使用感叹号的负面影响
【文章大意】　作者是一个快乐的人，为了让自己显得友好，作者之前在邮件里每个句子的结尾都加感叹号。但是，这种讨好型行为会给作者带来很多负面影响。于是，作者决定只在恰当的时候使用感叹号。
1．答案与解析：F　空前一句讲到了“甚至在我最糟糕的日子里，我也面带微笑与人交流”，而下一段第一句讲到了“过去，我常常在邮件里的每个句子结尾使用感叹号以示友好”。因此，空处应该会讲到作者的这种表现也会在邮件中以感叹号的形式体现出来，故F项符合语境。
2．答案与解析：C　空前一句讲到了“过去，我常常在邮件里的每个句子结尾加感叹号以示友好”，空后讲到了“那就去看看你发送的前几条信息。如果你也像我一样……”。因此，空处应该会讲到你也可能会有同样的情况，故C项符合语境。
3．答案与解析：A　根据空后的“因为我也有自己的事要做”可知，A项“我不总是很开心去帮助（别人）”符合语境。
4．答案与解析：D　空后一句“更糟糕的是，这是没有必要的”与前一句形成了递进。因此，空处讲到的应该还是“manage others' feelings”，给作者带来的负面影响，故D项符合语境。
5．答案与解析：G　空前一句讲到了“我已经决定更恰当地使用感叹号”。因此，空处讲到的应该是现在在什么时候使用感叹号，故G项符合语境。
Test 8
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——如何避免新闻的负面影响
【文章大意】　新闻在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色，但我们可能会受到新闻的负面影响。那我们该怎么办呢？本文就此提出了几点建议。
1．答案与解析：F　本段主题是“控制观看量”。再联系下文可知，本段主要告诉我们要减少每天所接触的新闻的数量。选项F“这包括远离媒体一段时间”承接本段主旨句，并与下文构成并列关系，符合语境。
2．答案与解析：D　本段主题是“掌控自己的情绪”。下一句意为“感受你如何做（事情）是你的权利”。选项D“永远不要因为负面情绪而责怪自己”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：A　此处为本段主旨句。根据下文内容尤其是“suggests focusing on recovery stories”可知，本段主要告诉我们要保持积极的心态。因此A“专注于积极的事情”可为本段主旨句。
4．答案与解析：C　本段主题为“寻求支持”。上文介绍了社会支持的重要作用，选项C“永远记住你不是孤身一人”对上文进行进一步的补充说明，符合语境。C项中的“not alone”与该段中的“social support”相呼应。
5．答案与解析：B　联系上文中的“对一个人有效的方法对于另一个人来说可能不是最好的方法。每个人都是独立的个体”可知，选项B“花点时间找出适合你的方法”承接上文，符合语境。