2022级高二下学期英语期中考试
满分130分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分 30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.
1. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”
A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough.
C. Nathan Turner. D. Robbie McMath.
2. What can we learn about the two actors
A. They study in the same school. B. They worked together in ”Ragtime“.
C. They are experienced on stage. D. They became friends ten years ago.
3. What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers
A. Research funding. B. Training opportunities.
C. Technical support. D. Educational resources.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍由马克·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.(本剧由乔·麦克多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.(Tumer是一名创意与表演艺术学校的10年级学生，是辛辛那提舞台上的常客。他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角，也是新泽西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成员。)”可知，Tumer是辛辛那提舞台上的常客，儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角；根据第五段中的“McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sewyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit.(McMath是比奇伍德高中的三年级学生。他是《汤姆·休厄》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常客，演出了五场。)”可知，McMath也是儿童剧院的常客；综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验丰富。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中“Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.(给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。如欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站。)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了一份学习指南，展示如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学，可通过儿童剧院的网站下载课程；由此可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了教育资源。故选D项。
B
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
4. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test
A. Take an examination alone. B. Share their treats with others.
C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Show respect for the researchers.
5. According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
6 What does the author suggest readers do
A. Be selective information consumers. B. Absorb new information readily.
C. Use diverse information sources. D. Protect the information environment.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Eat Less, Read More B. The Later, the Better
C. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章对此进行了介绍。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖励)”可知，在米歇尔的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.(但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因)”可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.(因此，就像我们需要更仔细地考虑我们的热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间)”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样)”结合文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。由此可知，C选项“成人棉花糖测试”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
A wild African bird that will lead people to trees with honeycomb (蜂巢) seems to somehow learn the distinct whistles and calls of the human foragers (觅食者) who live near them.
This bird species has far more information about what the bees are doing than humans ever could. In Tanzania, Hadza foragers can use a special whistle to attract this bird, which will then fly down and start leading them to honey. With its noisy chattering sound, the bird is very conspicuous. Once the bird arrives at a tree with honey inside, it will rest near the beehive silently, seemingly not to disturb the bees. “That’s the signal to the Hadza to really start searching,” says Brian Wood, an anthropologist at University of California, Los Angeles. Pretty soon, the foragers will locate the hive and cut open the tree trunk.
It is found that the birds are more likely to show up when the familiar signal used by the locals is being broadcast. According to the research, the birds appear 82% of the time when Hadza whistles are being played. But they appear only 24% of the time when the researchers play the whistles traditionally used in a different country.
This makes it clear that the birds have learned what their human neighbors do when they want to partner up and go honey-hunting. “This is a very strong result which supports the idea that there’s a learning process involved,” says Wood.
But how do the birds learn It’s still unclear. What is clear is that this human-animal communication seems to benefit both parties, and it may go back many thousands of years. When the honeycomb is out, the birds get some of the beeswax, which they love to eat. And the human foragers get the honey—which is an enormously important food for the Hadza. Wood has calculated that the Hadza get about 10% of the calories in their annual diet with the help of the birds.
8. What does the underlined word “conspicuous” in Para.2mean
A. Eye-catching. B. Care-free. C. Naughty. D. Attractive.
9. What can we know about the birds
A. They are raised by humans. B. They help cut open the tree trunk.
C. They feed on honey as their annual diet. D. They can distinguish different whistles.
10. Which of the following can best describe the honey gathering
A. A complex dilemma. B. An unfair trade.
C. A double-edged sword. D. A win-win cooperation.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. The familiar signal in the forest.
B. A talented expert in hunting the bees.
C. A wonderful guide to collecting honey.
D. The human-animal communication in Tanzania.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种将人类带到有蜂巢的树上的非洲野鸟似乎不知何故学会了住在它们附近的人类觅食者独特的口哨声和叫声，从而帮助人类和自己获得蜂蜜。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“With its noisy chattering sound(这只鸟叽叽喳喳叫得很响)”可知，响亮的叫声这只鸟引人注目，由此可知，conspicuous意为“引人注目的”。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It is found that the birds are more likely to show up when the familiar signal used by the locals is being broadcast. According to the research, the birds appear 82% of the time when Hadza whistles are being played. But they appear only 24% of the time when the researchers play the whistles traditionally used in a different country.(研究发现，当播放当地人熟悉的信号时，这些鸟更有可能出现。根据这项研究，当哈扎哨声响起时，这些鸟出现的几率为82%。但当研究人员吹响另一个国家传统上使用的哨子时，它们出现的几率只有24%。)”可知，这些鸟能够区分不同的哨声。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What is clear is that this human-animal communication seems to benefit both parties, and it may go back many thousands of years.(可以肯定的是，这种人类与动物之间的交流似乎对双方都有好处，而且这种交流可能可以追溯到几千年前。)”可知，这个采蜜的过程是一个双赢的合作。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章讲述了一种将人类带到有蜂巢的树上的非洲野鸟似乎不知何故学会了住在它们附近的人类觅食者独特的口哨声和叫声，从而帮助人类和自己获得蜂蜜。由此可知，C项：A wonderful guide to collecting honey.(一个收集蜂蜜的好向导。)是最合适的标题。故选C。
D
Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstab. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
12. Why do researchers at MIT perform the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To reduce tree losses.
C. To protect plant diversity. D. To predict forest disappearance.
13. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its scientific origins. B. Its theoretical basis
C. Its usual difficulties. D. Its main processes
14. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. They are better than naturally grown plants.
B. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
C. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
D. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
15. Why is the research path-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
C. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
D. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab.(由于砍伐树木，世界每年损失约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里制造出类似木材的植物材料。)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调整细胞的物理和机械质量:新的研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的主要过程。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性。)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.(该技术可以调整以满足您对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式种植任何木制品。)”可知，Berenstain认为这项研究具有开创性是因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题：每小题2分，满分 10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。
【16题详解】
由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. (在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. (一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【17题详解】
由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade (但是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade (如果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【18题详解】
由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在线学习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题，故A选项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但这并不意味着没有最后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，that指代上一句话，符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. (Alex Davidson教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D项中的“Alex Davidson教授”，符合题意。故选D。
【20题详解】
由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. (社会关系通常是学习的重要组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议，讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E选项“The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction. (对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____21____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My ____23____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____24____ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____27____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____29____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I ____30____ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to ____31____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____32____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from ____34____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life.
21.
A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22.
A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
23.
A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
24.
A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
25.
A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
26.
A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
27.
A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
28.
A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download
29.
A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
30.
A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
31.
A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
32.
A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
33.
A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
34.
A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
35.
A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors (你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zheng Chao, who grew up in Jiaoyao village, a high-altitude mountainous area with poor land, was raised by tea. His family, which has been growing tea ____36____ three generations, used to have trouble putting food on the table, ____37____ now he earns 70, 000 yuan a year just from selling tea.
In 2019, Kuang and seven other young people in the village set up a tea cooperative. With the support of the economic cooperative in their village, they ____38____ (successful) integrated the resources of the tea industry, and carried out the model of unified (统一的) planting, fertilization, processing and sales, attempting ____39____ (achieve) high quality and a good flavor. An old house in the village ____40____ (transform) into a tea processing and exhibition workshop, while the house facing the green ____41____ (mountain)and the tea garden became a separate tea tasting room.
Last year, the cooperative assigned 40 percent of its ____42____ (expect) earnings to the shareholders in the village. ____43____ Mao Huayan, Kuang’s wife, received her bonus of 1,097 yuan, she felt like a child ____44____ (get) “lucky” money during Spring Festival. More important was the _____45_____ (industry)development that helped them to accumulate wealth.
【答案】36. for
37. but 38. successfully
39. to achieve
40. was transformed
41. mountains
42. expected
43. When##As
44. getting
45. industrial
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了郑超在海拔高、土地贫瘠的焦尧村长大，靠茶养大。他的家族已经种了三代茶，过去连吃饭都很困难，但现在他每年仅靠卖茶就能赚7万元。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：他的家族已经种了三代茶，过去连吃饭都很困难，但现在他每年仅靠卖茶就能赚7万元。此处表示“几代人”应用for…generations。故填for。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：他的家族已经种了三代茶，过去连吃饭都很困难，但现在他每年仅靠卖茶就能赚7万元。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：在该村经济合作社的支持下，他们成功整合了茶叶产业资源，实行了统一种植、施肥、加工、销售的模式，力求做到高品质、好风味。修饰动词integrated应用副词successfully，故填successfully。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在该村经济合作社的支持下，他们成功整合了茶叶产业资源，实行了统一种植、施肥、加工、销售的模式，力求做到高品质、好风味。attempt to do sth“试图做某事”。故填to achieve。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：村里的老房子被改造成茶叶加工和展览车间，而面向青山和茶园的房子则成为一个独立的品茶室。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为house，谓语用单数。故填was transformed。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：村里的老房子被改造成茶叶加工和展览车间，而面向青山和茶园的房子则成为一个独立的品茶室。mountain为可数名词，此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填mountains。
42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：去年，合作社将预期收益的40%分配给了村里的股东。修饰名词earnings应用形容词expected。故填expected。
【43题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当邝的妻子毛华燕拿到1097元奖金时，她感觉自己就像一个春节拿到压岁钱的孩子。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when或as，首字母大写。故填When/As。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当邝的妻子毛华燕拿到1097元奖金时，她感觉自己就像一个春节拿到压岁钱的孩子。分析句子结构可知get与逻辑主语child构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填getting。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：更重要的是工业的发展帮助他们积累了财富。修饰名词development应用形容词industrial，故填industrial。
第三部分 基础知识检测 （满分35分）
第一节 单词填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请使用 B6U3-U4所学的单词填空
A. 根据首字母和英文释义写出单词的正确形式。(共7小题)
46. I am very s_________ (easily affected or damaged by external factors) to noise so I always wear earplugs in noisy environments. (根据首字母拼写单词)
【答案】sensitive##ensitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对噪音很敏感，所以在嘈杂的环境中我总是戴着耳塞。根据“easily affected or damaged by external factors (易受外界因素影响或损坏)”和首字母提示可推知，空处应用形容词sensitive，意为“敏感的”，作表语，固定短语be sensitive to表示“对……敏感”。故填sensitive。
47. The government has introduced a new energy p_________ (a set of ideas or plans that are used to guide decisions) to facilitate the use of renewable resources. （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
【答案】policy##olicy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府引入了一个新的能源相关的计划或概念，以促进可再生资源的使用。根据句子首字母提示和英文释义“a set of ideas or plans that are used to guide decisions”可知，此处应填名词policy作动词introduced的宾语。故填policy。
48. After being unemployed for months, he was forced to accept a job with a lower w________ (money that you earn for working). （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
【答案】wage##age
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：失业数月后，他被迫接受了一份工资较低的工作。根据money that you earn for working“工作挣来的钱”及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词wage“工资”，结合空前的a可知，应用名词单数形式，作with的宾语。故填wage。
49. He showed an e_________ (full of energy, eager, and excited) attitude towards the new project. (根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写)
【答案】enthusiastic##nthusiastic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他对新项目表现出热情的态度。根据“full of energy, eager, and excited(充满活力、渴望、兴奋)”和首字母e可知，此处应用形容词enthusiastic表示“热情的”作定语。故填enthusiastic。
50. Analysts have noticed a t_________ (a general direction in which a situation is developing or changing) towards healthier eating habits among consumers. (根据首字母拼写单词)
【答案】trend##rend
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：分析人士注意到，消费者的饮食习惯出现了更健康的趋势。根据“a general direction in which a situation is developing or changing (形势发展或变化的大方向)”和首字母提示可推知，空处应用名词trend，意为“趋势”，作宾语，且空前有不定冠词a，trend应用单数形式。故填trend。
51. He visits his grandmother quite f_________ (happening often). （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
【答案】frequently##requently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他经常去看望他的祖母。根据英文表达happening often及首字母f可知，空处用副词作状语，frequently意思为：频繁地，经常地，符合题意。故填frequently。
52. After being stranded in the wilderness for days, they began to s_________ (suffer or die from lack of food or water) for sustenance. （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
【答案】starve##tarve
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在荒野中被困了几天之后，他们开始渴望得到食物。根据suffer or die from lack of food or water“因缺乏食物或水而痛苦或死亡”可知，此处使用动词starve“饥饿”，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填starve。
B. 请根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。(共7小题)
53. The __________ (ecology) balance of the local environment is crucial for maintaining a healthy ecosystem. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】ecological
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当地环境的生态平衡对于维持健康的生态系统至关重要。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词ecological“生态的”作定语，修饰名词balance。故填ecological。
54. The government’s objective is to ensure __________ (sustain) development for a brighter future of the next generations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sustainable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府的目标是确保可持续发展，为下一代创造更光明的未来。空处修饰名词development，用形容词作定语，sustain对应的形容词为sustainable，意思为：可持续的。故填sustainable。
55. The patient demonstrated remarkable __________ (tolerate) during the painful medical procedure. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】tolerance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：病人在痛苦的医疗过程中表现出非凡的忍耐力。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作demonstrated的动词宾语，tolerate的名词形式是tolerance意为“忍耐力”。故填tolerance。
56. All job applications must be __________ (submit) by the end of this week. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】submitted
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：所有的工作申请必须在本周末之前提交。submit和主语job applications之间是动宾关系，空处用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处应填过去分词形式。故填submitted。
57. The __________ (restore) of the damaged painting was a meticulous process requiring great skill and patience. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】restoration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：修复这幅损坏的画是一个细致的过程，需要很高的技巧和耐心。此处作主语应用名词restoration表示“修复”。故填restoration。
58. Seeing his colleague receive a promotion, he couldn’t help but feel ___________ (envy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】envious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到他的同事升职了，他不禁嫉妒起来。分析句子可知，空处作feel的表语，应用形容词envious，意为“嫉妒的”。故填envious。
59. To prevent disease, you should wash the fruit ___________ (thorough) before use. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】thoroughly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：为了预防疾病，你应该在使用前彻底洗净水果。分析句子可知，空处用副词作状语修饰动词wash，用thorough对应的副词thoroughly“彻底地”。故填thoroughly。
C. 根据中文释义填入单词的正确形式。(共6小题)
60. Facing great __________ (逆境), the team showed remarkable resilience and determination. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】adversity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：面对巨大的逆境，这个团队表现出了非凡的韧性和决心。表示“逆境”应用名词adversity作宾语。故填adversity。
61. She didn’t want to make a big emotional __________ (承诺) to Steve at the moment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】commitment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她现在不想对史蒂夫做出感情上的承诺。空处作make的宾语，结合“emotional”可知，“承诺”应用名词commitment，是涉及到更深层次的、与行动和责任感相关的承诺，且空前有不定冠词a，commitment应用单数形式，make a commitment to sb.表示“对某人做出承诺”。故填commitment。
62. Feeling hopeless and defeated, he finally decided to _________ (放弃) his plans for further education. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】abandon
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他感到绝望和挫败，最后决定放弃继续深造的计划。“放弃”译为abandon，to后面用动词原形。故填abandon。
63. The teacher provided valuable _________ (指导) to her students, helping them to achieve academic success.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】guidance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：老师给学生提供了宝贵的指导，帮助他们取得学业上的成功。“指导”译为guidance，此处为不可数名词，作provided的宾语。故填guidance。
64. Among the many outstanding __________ (候选人), it was difficult to choose the most suitable person for the job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】candidates
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在众多优秀的候选人中，很难选出最适合这项工作的人。表示“候选人”应用名词candidate作宾语，candidate为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。故填candidates。
65. A _________ (全面的) understanding of the subject is essential for success in the exam. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】comprehensive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：要在考试中取得成功，对这门学科的全面理解是必不可少的。“全面的”译为comprehensive，为形容词作定语。故填comprehensive。
第二节 词块填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。)
请使用 B6U3-U4所学的词组填空
66. If you want to live a happy life, you should ________ ________ ________ (促进和谐关系) with your family and friends. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. promote ②. harmonious ③. relationships
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词、形容词、名词。句意：如果你想过上幸福的生活，你应该促进与家人和朋友的和谐关系。表示“促进”用动词promote，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。表示“和谐的”用形容词harmonious，作定语，修饰名词“关系”用。表示“关系”用relationship，结合with your family and friends可知，关系不止一种，应用名词复数形式，作promote的宾语。故填promote harmonious relationships。
67. Yesterday, I received dozens of emails from readers who wanted to ________ ________ (采取行动) to help the environment. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. take ②. action
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：昨天，我收到了几十封读者的电子邮件，他们希望采取行动帮助环境。根据汉语提示“采取行动”可知，用固定短语take action，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填take action。
68. The adjustment will ________ ________ ________ ________ (对……有影响) the way we do business. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. have ②. an ③. impact ④. on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：调整将对我们的经营方式产生影响。表示“对……有影响”译为have an impact on，will后搭配动词原形。故填①have②an③impact④on。
69. Although he applied for the job, he was ________ ________ (拒绝) by the company because of his lack of experience.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. turned ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态及固定搭配。句意：尽管他申请了这份工作，但由于缺乏经验，他被公司拒绝了。此处为一般过去时的被动语态，用来表示“被拒绝”所以用turned down。故填turned down。
70. Despite the difficulties, she ________ ________ (坚持不懈) her studies and eventually graduated with honors. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. persevered ②. in##with
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：尽管面临困难，她坚持学习，并最终以优异成绩毕业。表示“坚持不懈”使用固定短语persever in或者persevere with。根据句意，应该使用一般过去时，故填persevered in或persevered with。
71. As soon as he ________ ________ ________ ________ (登上飞机), he realized he had forgotten his passport. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. went ②. aboard ③. the ④. plane
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：他一上飞机就意识到他忘了带护照。空处缺少句子的谓语，表示“登上飞机”用go aboard the plane，结合realized可知，句子为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填①went②aboard③the④plane。
72. The ambassador spoke ________ ________ ________ (代表) his country at the United Nations conference. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. on ②. behalf ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：大使在联合国会议上代表他的国家发言。表示“代表”应用介词短语on behalf of。故填on behalf of。
73. Whenever it comes to promotion, he always manages to ________ ________ ________ (抓住任何机会) to impress his boss. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. seize ②. every ③. opportunity
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：每当升职的时候，他总是设法抓住每一个机会给老板留下深刻印象。空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是seize every opportunity意为“抓住任何机会”。故填①seize，②every，③opportunity。
74 Employees who ________ ________ ________ (忠诚于) the company are often rewarded. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. are ②. loyal ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词短语和一般现在时。句意：对公司忠诚的员工经常被奖励。表示“忠诚于”应用形容词短语be loyal to。根据“are often rewarded”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填①are②loyal③to。
75. After graduating from college, he felt that he ________ ________ ________ (有资格) apply for the senior position. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. was ②. qualified ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：大学毕业后，他觉得自己有资格申请这个高级职位。根据汉语提示“有资格”可知，此处使用固定短语be qualified to，结合felt可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，be动词用was。故填was qualified to。
76. While driving home, ________ ________ ________ ________ (我突然想到) that I had forgotten to buy milk. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. it ②. occurred ③. to ④. me
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：开车回家的时候，我突然想起我忘记买牛奶了。表示“我突然想到”可以用固定句型it occurred/occurs to sb. that…，宾语用me，结合had forgotten可知，句子用一般过去时。故填①it②occurred③to④me。
77. Just now, the project manager ________ ________ ________ ________ (被指派为) the lead role in the new product launch. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. was ②. assigned ③. to ④. be
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：刚才，项目经理被指派为新产品发布的领导角色。“指派”用动词assign，是句中谓语动词，“被指派为”是被动词语态，用be assigned to be表示，结合句意和时间状语Just now，讲述刚刚发生的事情，用一般过去时态，主语是单数名词，助动词用was。故填was assigned to be。
78. Under any circumstances, ________ ________ ________ (对……残忍) animals is unacceptable. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. being ②. cruel ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。句意：在任何情况下，虐待动物都是不可接受的。表示“对……残忍”用be cruel to，分析句子可知，此处为动名词作主语。故填①being②cruel③to。
79. He recently ________ ________ ________ (申请成为) a volunteer at the local hospital to gain some practical experience. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. applied ②. to ③. be
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：他最近申请成为当地医院的志愿者，以获得一些实际经验。“申请”译为apply，结合句意可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式，“申请成为”译为apply to be。故填①applied②to③be。
80. The flowers in the garden always ________ ________ (散发出) a pleasant fragrance, attracting bees and butterflies. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. give ②. off
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：花园里的花总是散发着宜人的香味，吸引着蜜蜂和蝴蝶。本句缺少谓语，根据所给中文提示词，应是动词短语：give off意为“散发出”，根据always可知，用一般现在时，主语是The flowers，为复数。故填①give，②off。
第四部分 写作(满分25分, 其中书写5分)
81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When we were finally dismissed from the last class of the day, the students streamed out of the classrooms. It was another boring day after school. I dragged my feet home as I sighed. Yet another uneventful day, I thought. Little did I know that the day would take a turn for the worse.
The lift lobby (电梯间) of my flat was old and dirty. The walls, which were painted white, had been dirtied over many years. I reached my flat’s lobby, and pressed the lift button and went in. Just then, Mrs Lim, my elderly neighbour, hobbled (蹒跚) in. She looked ancient with tissue paper white hair, wearing a faded old-fashioned dress. I held the lift door open, flashing a friendly smile, and politely greeted her. I asked her how she felt that day and pressed the buttons. She thanked me for being so polite, then we were silent for the rest of the ride.
The lift fell down increasingly fast. There were loud clanking sounds here and there while the lift grew slower and slower. My heart beat hard and fast as my hands turned cold and wet with sweat. Unfortunately, the lift came to an abrupt stop at the fifth floor. I pressed the buttons hard several times, but it was of no help. The lights on the buttons had gone out. It soon dawned on me that we were trapped. An icy fear crept up my spine. Mrs Lim was hysterical (歇斯底里).
“We will never get out!” she cried with her face pale. It had become a colourless mask. I had no time to lose. I pressed the bell in the lift immediately. The sound was surely deafening, but what other choice did I have Mrs Lim burst into tears. I tried my very best to comfort her, telling her that everything would be all right and that we needed to find out how to get out safely. Mrs Lim began having trouble breathing, and I immediately helped her sit down and loosened her collar.
Paragraph 1: Several minutes passed, but no help came.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Several minutes passed, but no help came. The air inside the lift grew stale, and panic started to set in. Mrs Lim's condition was worsening, and I felt a sense of helplessness creeping over me. I tried to stay calm and think of a way out, but the situation seemed dire. The silence was deafening, broken only by Mrs Lim’s labored breathing and occasional sobs. Time seemed to stretch on endlessly as we waited for a miracle.
Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door. Relief flooded through me as I realized help had finally arrived. The sound of tools clanging against the door signaled their efforts to rescue us. Moments later, the door was pried open, and fresh air rushed in. We were safe. Mrs Lim was quickly attended to by the paramedics, and I was filled with gratitude for their swift response. As we were escorted out of the lift, I couldn’t help but feel a profound sense of appreciation for the fragility of life and the importance of helping others in times of need.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事发展的顺序为线索展开，主要描述了主人公放学后和邻居Mrs Lim乘坐电梯时突然电梯失去了控制，发出各种异样的声响，最终在五楼突然停下来，导致两人被困在其中。Mrs Lim的情绪逐渐失控，主人公尽力安抚Mrs Lim的恐慌情绪并帮助她解开衣领使呼吸顺畅，同时努力寻找解决困境的办法。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几分钟过去了，但没有人来帮忙。”可知，第一段可描写随着时间的流逝，没有人来帮忙，我开始紧张起来，林女士的状况开始变遭，我想办法脱身但做不到，我们焦急地等待救援的相关细节。
②由第二段首句内容“砰!当我听到消防队员在电梯门的另一边时，我的希望到来了。”可知，第二段可描写当消防队员到来展开救援时我如释重负的心情，门被打开后，我们安全得救，林女士得到医护人员的救助，我对消防队员的迅速救援充满了感激之情的相关细节。
2.续写线索：电梯内的气氛开始紧张——林女士的状况不好——我极度焦虑——等待救援————消防队员赶到—— 我感到放松——安全获救——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 哭泣：sob/cry
② 救援：rescue/save
③ 帮助：help/assist
情绪类
① 恐慌：panic/fright
② 放松：relief/relaxation
【点睛】[高分句型1] The silence was deafening, broken only by Mrs Lim's labored breathing and occasional sobs. (使用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] As we were escorted out of the lift, I couldn’t help but feel a profound sense of appreciation for the fragility of life and the importance of helping others in times of need. (使用了as引导的时间状语从句)2022级高二下学期英语期中考试
满分130分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分 30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.
1. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”
A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough.
C. Nathan Turner. D. Robbie McMath.
2. What can we learn about the two actors
A. They study in the same school. B. They worked together in ”Ragtime“.
C. They are experienced on stage. D. They became friends ten years ago.
3. What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers
A. Research funding. B. Training opportunities.
C. Technical support. D. Educational resources.
B
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
4. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test
A. Take an examination alone. B. Share their treats with others.
C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Show respect for the researchers.
5. According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
6. What does the author suggest readers do
A. Be selective information consumers. B. Absorb new information readily.
C. Use diverse information sources. D. Protect the information environment.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Eat Less, Read More B. The Later, the Better
C. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
C
A wild African bird that will lead people to trees with honeycomb (蜂巢) seems to somehow learn the distinct whistles and calls of the human foragers (觅食者) who live near them.
This bird species has far more information about what the bees are doing than humans ever could. In Tanzania, Hadza foragers can use a special whistle to attract this bird, which will then fly down and start leading them to honey. With its noisy chattering sound, the bird is very conspicuous. Once the bird arrives at a tree with honey inside, it will rest near the beehive silently, seemingly not to disturb the bees. “That’s the signal to the Hadza to really start searching,” says Brian Wood, an anthropologist at University of California, Los Angeles. Pretty soon, the foragers will locate the hive and cut open the tree trunk.
It is found that the birds are more likely to show up when the familiar signal used by the locals is being broadcast. According to the research, the birds appear 82% of the time when Hadza whistles are being played. But they appear only 24% of the time when the researchers play the whistles traditionally used in a different country.
This makes it clear that the birds have learned what their human neighbors do when they want to partner up and go honey-hunting. “This is a very strong result which supports the idea that there’s a learning process involved,” says Wood.
But how do the birds learn It’s still unclear. What is clear is that this human-animal communication seems to benefit both parties, and it may go back many thousands of years. When the honeycomb is out, the birds get some of the beeswax, which they love to eat. And the human foragers get the honey—which is an enormously important food for the Hadza. Wood has calculated that the Hadza get about 10% of the calories in their annual diet with the help of the birds.
8. What does the underlined word “conspicuous” in Para.2mean
A. Eye-catching. B. Care-free. C. Naughty. D. Attractive.
9. What can we know about the birds
A. They are raised by humans. B. They help cut open the tree trunk.
C. They feed on honey as their annual diet. D. They can distinguish different whistles.
10 Which of the following can best describe the honey gathering
A. A complex dilemma. B. An unfair trade.
C. A double-edged sword. D. A win-win cooperation.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. The familiar signal in the forest.
B. A talented expert in hunting the bees.
C. A wonderful guide to collecting honey.
D. The human-animal communication in Tanzania.
D
Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstab. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
12. Why do researchers at MIT perform the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To reduce tree losses.
C. To protect plant diversity. D. To predict forest disappearance.
13 What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its scientific origins. B. Its theoretical basis
C. Its usual difficulties. D. Its main processes
14. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. They are better than naturally grown plants.
B. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
C. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
D. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
15. Why is the research path-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
C. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
D. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
第二节 (共5小题：每小题2分，满分 10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____21____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____22____ me on the train. My ____23____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____24____ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____25____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____26____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____27____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____28____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____29____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I ____30____ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to ____31____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____32____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____33____ me just how much one can gain from ____34____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____35____ with locals from all walks of life.
21.
A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
22.
A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
23.
A true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
24.
A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
25.
A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
26.
A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
27.
A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
28.
A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download
29.
A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
30.
A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
31.
A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
32.
A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
33.
A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
34.
A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
35.
A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zheng Chao, who grew up in Jiaoyao village, a high-altitude mountainous area with poor land, was raised by tea. His family, which has been growing tea ____36____ three generations, used to have trouble putting food on the table, ____37____ now he earns 70, 000 yuan a year just from selling tea.
In 2019, Kuang and seven other young people in the village set up a tea cooperative. With the support of the economic cooperative in their village, they ____38____ (successful) integrated the resources of the tea industry, and carried out the model of unified (统一的) planting, fertilization, processing and sales, attempting ____39____ (achieve) high quality and a good flavor. An old house in the village ____40____ (transform) into a tea processing and exhibition workshop, while the house facing the green ____41____ (mountain)and the tea garden became a separate tea tasting room.
Last year, the cooperative assigned 40 percent of its ____42____ (expect) earnings to the shareholders in the village. ____43____ Mao Huayan, Kuang’s wife, received her bonus of 1,097 yuan, she felt like a child ____44____ (get) “lucky” money during Spring Festival. More important was the _____45_____ (industry)development that helped them to accumulate wealth.
第三部分 基础知识检测 （满分35分）
第一节 单词填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请使用 B6U3-U4所学的单词填空
A. 根据首字母和英文释义写出单词的正确形式。(共7小题)
46. I am very s_________ (easily affected or damaged by external factors) to noise, so I always wear earplugs in noisy environments. (根据首字母拼写单词)
47. The government has introduced a new energy p_________ (a set of ideas or plans that are used to guide decisions) to facilitate the use of renewable resources. （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
48. After being unemployed for months, he was forced to accept a job with a lower w________ (money that you earn for working). （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
49. He showed an e_________ (full of energy, eager, and excited) attitude towards the new project. (根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写)
50. Analysts have noticed a t_________ (a general direction in which a situation is developing or changing) towards healthier eating habits among consumers. (根据首字母拼写单词)
51. He visits his grandmother quite f_________ (happening often). （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
52. After being stranded in the wilderness for days they began to s_________ (suffer or die from lack of food or water) for sustenance. （根据首字母和英文释义单词拼写）
B. 请根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。(共7小题)
53. The __________ (ecology) balance of the local environment is crucial for maintaining a healthy ecosystem. （所给词的适当形式填空）
54. The government’s objective is to ensure __________ (sustain) development for a brighter future of the next generations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. The patient demonstrated remarkable __________ (tolerate) during the painful medical procedure. （所给词的适当形式填空）
56. All job applications must be __________ (submit) by the end of this week. （所给词的适当形式填空）
57. The __________ (restore) of the damaged painting was a meticulous process requiring great skill and patience. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. Seeing his colleague receive a promotion, he couldn’t help but feel ___________ (envy). (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. To prevent disease, you should wash the fruit ___________ (thorough) before use. （所给词的适当形式填空）
C. 根据中文释义填入单词的正确形式。(共6小题)
60. Facing great __________ (逆境), the team showed remarkable resilience and determination. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
61. She didn’t want to make a big emotional __________ (承诺) to Steve at the moment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
62. Feeling hopeless and defeated, he finally decided to _________ (放弃) his plans for further education. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
63. The teacher provided valuable _________ (指导) to her students, helping them to achieve academic success.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
64. Among the many outstanding __________ (候选人), it was difficult to choose the most suitable person for the job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
65. A _________ (全面的) understanding of the subject is essential for success in the exam. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
第二节 词块填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。)
请使用 B6U3-U4所学的词组填空
66. If you want to live a happy life, you should ________ ________ ________ (促进和谐关系) with your family and friends. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
67. Yesterday, I received dozens of emails from readers who wanted to ________ ________ (采取行动) to help the environment. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
68. The adjustment will ________ ________ ________ ________ (对……有影响) the way we do business. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
69. Although he applied for the job, he was ________ ________ (拒绝) by the company because of his lack of experience.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
70. Despite the difficulties, she ________ ________ (坚持不懈) her studies and eventually graduated with honors. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
71. As soon as he ________ ________ ________ ________ (登上飞机), he realized he had forgotten his passport. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
72. The ambassador spoke ________ ________ ________ (代表) his country at the United Nations conference. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73. Whenever it comes to promotion, he always manages to ________ ________ ________ (抓住任何机会) to impress his boss. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
74. Employees who ________ ________ ________ (忠诚于) the company are often rewarded. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75. After graduating from college, he felt that he ________ ________ ________ (有资格) apply for the senior position. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
76. While driving home, ________ ________ ________ ________ (我突然想到) that I had forgotten to buy milk. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
77. Just now, the project manager ________ ________ ________ ________ (被指派为) the lead role in the new product launch. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
78. Under any circumstances, ________ ________ ________ (对……残忍) animals is unacceptable. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
79. He recently ________ ________ ________ (申请成为) a volunteer at the local hospital to gain some practical experience. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
80. The flowers in the garden always ________ ________ (散发出) a pleasant fragrance, attracting bees and butterflies. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
第四部分 写作(满分25分, 其中书写5分)
81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When we were finally dismissed from the last class of the day, the students streamed out of the classrooms. It was another boring day after school. I dragged my feet home as I sighed. Yet another uneventful day, I thought. Little did I know that the day would take a turn for the worse.
The lift lobby (电梯间) of my flat was old and dirty. The walls, which were painted white, had been dirtied over many years. I reached my flat’s lobby, and pressed the lift button and went in. Just then, Mrs Lim, my elderly neighbour, hobbled (蹒跚) in. She looked ancient with tissue paper white hair, wearing a faded old-fashioned dress. I held the lift door open, flashing a friendly smile, and politely greeted her. I asked her how she felt that day and pressed the buttons. She thanked me for being so polite, then we were silent for the rest of the ride.
The lift fell down increasingly fast. There were loud clanking sounds here and there while the lift grew slower and slower. My heart beat hard and fast as my hands turned cold and wet with sweat. Unfortunately, the lift came to an abrupt stop at the fifth floor. I pressed the buttons hard several times, but it was of no help. The lights on the buttons had gone out. It soon dawned on me that we were trapped. An icy fear crept up my spine. Mrs Lim was hysterical (歇斯底里).
“We will never get out!” she cried with her face pale. It had become a colourless mask. I had no time to lose. I pressed the bell in the lift immediately. The sound was surely deafening, but what other choice did I have Mrs Lim burst into tears. I tried my very best to comfort her, telling her that everything would be all right and that we needed to find out how to get out safely. Mrs Lim began having trouble breathing, and I immediately helped her sit down and loosened her collar.
Paragraph 1: Several minutes passed, but no help came.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Bang! My hopes were lifted when I heard the firefighters on the other side of the lift door.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
