外研版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 War and Peace Using language 课件(共19张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 War and Peace Using language 课件(共19张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-13 22:29:16 | ||
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(共19张PPT)
Unit 3 War and peace
Section Ⅲ Using language
主谓一致（1）
Ⅰ.观察感悟
1.Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened...
2.The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers...
3.The group was sent to rescue the missing pilot.
4....people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
5.The police are after him.
6.All the machinery in this factory is made in the US.
7.Our clothing protects us against the cold.
观察句1、2、3可知，当集体名词作主语时，若视为整体，谓语动词用______
形式；强调集体中的各个成员时，谓语动词用______形式。观察句4、5可知，
people、police等通常表示复数含义的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用______
形式。观察句6、7可知，有些集体名词，如machinery、clothing等，通常只用作不
可数名词，表示单数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用______形式。
单数
复数
复数
单数
Ⅱ.要点精析
1.主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
（1）语法一致：主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数。
Tom is a good student.
汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football in the playground.
他们经常在操场上踢足球。
（2）意义一致：主语是单数形式，但意义上为复数，此时谓语动词用复数；主语是复数形式,但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数。
My family are having lunch now.
我们一家人现在正在吃午饭。
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.
这本书20美元太贵了。
（3）就近一致：谓语动词用单数还是用复数取决于最靠近它的主语。
Not only her husband but also the children are in favor of this plan.不仅她的丈夫，而且她的孩子们也赞成这个计划。
There is a pen and some books on the desk.
书桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
2.集体名词的主谓一致
（1）谓语动词通常用复数的情形
police（警察）、people（人）、cattle（牛）、clothes（衣服）等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。
My clothes were soaked.我的衣服都湿透了。
The police are looking into the complaint.
警察在调查这项投诉。
Too few people are interested in such music nowadays.
如今对这样的音乐感兴趣的人太少了。
（2）谓语动词只能用单数的情形
clothing（衣服）、poetry（诗歌）、baggage/luggage（行李）、furniture（家具）、scenery（景色）、jewellery（珠宝）、equipment（设备）等不可数的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Furniture is chiefly made of wood.
家具主要是由木材制造的。
Poetry was very popular in China in the Tang Dynasty.
诗歌在中国唐代十分盛行。
（3）谓语动词用单数或复数视语境而定的情形
family（家庭）、team（队）、crowd（人群）、government（政府）、crew（乘务员）、committee（委员会）、audience（听众）、public（公众）等集体名词作主语时，其谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数。当它们被视为整体时，谓语动词用单数；当它们强调集体中的各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。
My family is very large.
我家是一个大家庭。（视为整体）
His family are waiting for him.
他的家人正在等他。（强调个体成员）
温馨提示 有时没有特定的上下文，谓语动词用单数或复数区别不大。
The public are/is requested not to drop litter in the park.公众被要求在公园不要乱扔垃圾。
Ⅲ.实战演练
单句语法填空
1. The crew on the train ____（be） going to attend a training class about traffic
safety.
are
2. The population of China ___（be） larger than that of many other countries in
the world.
is
3. The football team ___（be） made up of 23 players.
is
4. My family ___ the largest one in our village. Besides, my family ____ all
farmers.（be）
is
are
5. The whole class ____（be） now listening to the teacher attentively.
are
6. Either he or you ____（be） interested in playing football in our class.
are
7. The police ____（be） searching for the lost child now.
are
8. Saving Private Ryan is my favourite film and my family _____（love）
watching it, too.
love
完成句子
1. 让领导高兴的是，最近几个月公司的全体员工的工作都做得很出色。
To the boss's delight, the entire staff in the company
__________________________ in the last few months.
has done an outstanding job
2. 警方正在寻找一个棕色头发的高个子男人。
The police ________________ a tall man with brown hair.
are searching for
3. 不幸的是，他所有的财物都在昨天的大火中烧毁了。
Unfortunately, all his belongings _____________________________.
were burnt in the fire yesterday
4. 他新房子里的所有家具都是用木料制作的。
All the furniture in his new house __________________.
was made of wood
5. 我昨天打电话时，那一家人正在吃晚饭。
When I phoned yesterday, the family __________________.
were having dinner
词句精讲
1 refer to...as...称……为……
情境佳句
①Located to the south of the equator， below many other countries on the globe, Australia is often informally referred to as “down under”.
澳大利亚位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为“down under”。
②The student referred to just now often referred to his dictionary to teach himself.
刚才提到的那个学生经常查阅词典自学。
③There is no direct reference to her own childhood in the novel.小说里没有直接提及她自己的童年。
归纳拓展
（1）refer to指的是;描述;谈及，提到;查阅
refer...to...把……送交给……
（2）reference n.参考，查阅；提及，谈到
for reference以供参考
reference book n.参考书；工具书
温馨提示
refer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都是先双写“r”，再加“-ed”或“-ing”。类似的词还有prefer等。
学以致用
［单句语法填空/单句写作］
① It is a valuable _________（refer） book for both insiders and observers.
reference
② That dress is often referred to ___ the most famous little black dress of all
time.
as
③ 在他的演讲中，他提到了最近的加拿大之行。
________________________________________________
In his speech, he referred to a recent trip to Canada.
2 on standby待命
情境佳句
①China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8,000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions.（教材原句）
中国在联合国维和行动中发挥着越来越重要的作用，它已经训练了8，000名随时待命参加联合国任务的士兵。
②A special team of police were put on standby during the time of violence.
在发生暴乱期间,一支特警队随时待命。
③He was put on standby for the flight to New York.
这班飞往纽约的班机,他候补待位。
归纳拓展
（1）be put on standby候补待位；随时待命
（2）“on+名词”表示“在……情况下；处于……状态中”，类似的短语：on average平均、on board在船上（或飞机上、火车上）、on business出差、on duty值班、on purpose 故意地、on sale出售等。
学以致用
［单句语法填空/完成句子/单句写作］
① The three astronauts ____ board will spend three months in space.
on
② You make it sound as if I did it ____ purpose.
on
③ 接到炸弹警报后,各紧急救助部门进入待命状态。
The emergency services ___________________ after a bomb warning.
were put on standby
④ 我们的经理外出出差的时候，我们公司将由张先生负责。
_______________________________________________________________________
___________
While our manager is away on business, our company will be in the charge of Mr. Zhang.
Unit 3 War and peace
Section Ⅲ Using language
主谓一致（1）
Ⅰ.观察感悟
1.Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened...
2.The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers...
3.The group was sent to rescue the missing pilot.
4....people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
5.The police are after him.
6.All the machinery in this factory is made in the US.
7.Our clothing protects us against the cold.
观察句1、2、3可知，当集体名词作主语时，若视为整体，谓语动词用______
形式；强调集体中的各个成员时，谓语动词用______形式。观察句4、5可知，
people、police等通常表示复数含义的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用______
形式。观察句6、7可知，有些集体名词，如machinery、clothing等，通常只用作不
可数名词，表示单数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用______形式。
单数
复数
复数
单数
Ⅱ.要点精析
1.主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
（1）语法一致：主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数。
Tom is a good student.
汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football in the playground.
他们经常在操场上踢足球。
（2）意义一致：主语是单数形式，但意义上为复数，此时谓语动词用复数；主语是复数形式,但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数。
My family are having lunch now.
我们一家人现在正在吃午饭。
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.
这本书20美元太贵了。
（3）就近一致：谓语动词用单数还是用复数取决于最靠近它的主语。
Not only her husband but also the children are in favor of this plan.不仅她的丈夫，而且她的孩子们也赞成这个计划。
There is a pen and some books on the desk.
书桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
2.集体名词的主谓一致
（1）谓语动词通常用复数的情形
police（警察）、people（人）、cattle（牛）、clothes（衣服）等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。
My clothes were soaked.我的衣服都湿透了。
The police are looking into the complaint.
警察在调查这项投诉。
Too few people are interested in such music nowadays.
如今对这样的音乐感兴趣的人太少了。
（2）谓语动词只能用单数的情形
clothing（衣服）、poetry（诗歌）、baggage/luggage（行李）、furniture（家具）、scenery（景色）、jewellery（珠宝）、equipment（设备）等不可数的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Furniture is chiefly made of wood.
家具主要是由木材制造的。
Poetry was very popular in China in the Tang Dynasty.
诗歌在中国唐代十分盛行。
（3）谓语动词用单数或复数视语境而定的情形
family（家庭）、team（队）、crowd（人群）、government（政府）、crew（乘务员）、committee（委员会）、audience（听众）、public（公众）等集体名词作主语时，其谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数。当它们被视为整体时，谓语动词用单数；当它们强调集体中的各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。
My family is very large.
我家是一个大家庭。（视为整体）
His family are waiting for him.
他的家人正在等他。（强调个体成员）
温馨提示 有时没有特定的上下文，谓语动词用单数或复数区别不大。
The public are/is requested not to drop litter in the park.公众被要求在公园不要乱扔垃圾。
Ⅲ.实战演练
单句语法填空
1. The crew on the train ____（be） going to attend a training class about traffic
safety.
are
2. The population of China ___（be） larger than that of many other countries in
the world.
is
3. The football team ___（be） made up of 23 players.
is
4. My family ___ the largest one in our village. Besides, my family ____ all
farmers.（be）
is
are
5. The whole class ____（be） now listening to the teacher attentively.
are
6. Either he or you ____（be） interested in playing football in our class.
are
7. The police ____（be） searching for the lost child now.
are
8. Saving Private Ryan is my favourite film and my family _____（love）
watching it, too.
love
完成句子
1. 让领导高兴的是，最近几个月公司的全体员工的工作都做得很出色。
To the boss's delight, the entire staff in the company
__________________________ in the last few months.
has done an outstanding job
2. 警方正在寻找一个棕色头发的高个子男人。
The police ________________ a tall man with brown hair.
are searching for
3. 不幸的是，他所有的财物都在昨天的大火中烧毁了。
Unfortunately, all his belongings _____________________________.
were burnt in the fire yesterday
4. 他新房子里的所有家具都是用木料制作的。
All the furniture in his new house __________________.
was made of wood
5. 我昨天打电话时，那一家人正在吃晚饭。
When I phoned yesterday, the family __________________.
were having dinner
词句精讲
1 refer to...as...称……为……
情境佳句
①Located to the south of the equator， below many other countries on the globe, Australia is often informally referred to as “down under”.
澳大利亚位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为“down under”。
②The student referred to just now often referred to his dictionary to teach himself.
刚才提到的那个学生经常查阅词典自学。
③There is no direct reference to her own childhood in the novel.小说里没有直接提及她自己的童年。
归纳拓展
（1）refer to指的是;描述;谈及，提到;查阅
refer...to...把……送交给……
（2）reference n.参考，查阅；提及，谈到
for reference以供参考
reference book n.参考书；工具书
温馨提示
refer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都是先双写“r”，再加“-ed”或“-ing”。类似的词还有prefer等。
学以致用
［单句语法填空/单句写作］
① It is a valuable _________（refer） book for both insiders and observers.
reference
② That dress is often referred to ___ the most famous little black dress of all
time.
as
③ 在他的演讲中，他提到了最近的加拿大之行。
________________________________________________
In his speech, he referred to a recent trip to Canada.
2 on standby待命
情境佳句
①China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8,000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions.（教材原句）
中国在联合国维和行动中发挥着越来越重要的作用，它已经训练了8，000名随时待命参加联合国任务的士兵。
②A special team of police were put on standby during the time of violence.
在发生暴乱期间,一支特警队随时待命。
③He was put on standby for the flight to New York.
这班飞往纽约的班机,他候补待位。
归纳拓展
（1）be put on standby候补待位；随时待命
（2）“on+名词”表示“在……情况下；处于……状态中”，类似的短语：on average平均、on board在船上（或飞机上、火车上）、on business出差、on duty值班、on purpose 故意地、on sale出售等。
学以致用
［单句语法填空/完成句子/单句写作］
① The three astronauts ____ board will spend three months in space.
on
② You make it sound as if I did it ____ purpose.
on
③ 接到炸弹警报后,各紧急救助部门进入待命状态。
The emergency services ___________________ after a bomb warning.
were put on standby
④ 我们的经理外出出差的时候，我们公司将由张先生负责。
_______________________________________________________________________
___________
While our manager is away on business, our company will be in the charge of Mr. Zhang.