2023-2024学年牛津深圳版英语七年级下学期Unit 6 Electricity 单元同步检测卷（广州专用）
考试范围：Unit 6；考试时间：100分钟；总分：90分
一、语法选择 （本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
Long ago people made fires from lightning (闪电). But they had to keep the fire 1 , for they couldn’t make it 2 again 3 there was no lighting. Later they found out hitting two 4 together could make a spark (火花). The spark could fire dry leaves, so they could make the fire again when it went 5 . Then people also learned to make a fire by rubbing (摩擦). They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into 6 hole. They turned the stick again and again. After 7 minutes they got a fire.
As years went by, people learned 8 ways to make a fire. Sometimes, they used the heat from the Sun. They held a piece of glass in the right way 9 a piece of paper on fire.
About two centuries ago, people began to make matches (火柴). Matches 10 people a quick and easy way to make fire. Matches 11 even now, but people have more new ways. One of 12 is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much 13 than a box of matches. But it is more useful.
Fire is 14 important that we never stop thinking of methods to start a fire more easily and more 15 .
1．A．burn B．burnt C．to burn D．burning
2．A．start B．started C．starting D．to start
3．A．if B．unless C．though D．until
4．A．pieces stone B．pieces of stones C．stone D．piece of stones
5．A．out B．away C．in D．by
6．A．an B．a C．the D．these
7．A．a little B．little C．a few D．few
8．A．others B．another C．the other D．other
9．A．make B．to making C．made D．to make
10．A．brought B．were brought C．bringed D．brings
11．A．were used B．are used C．used D．will use
12．A．them B．they C．themselves D．theirs
13．A．most expensive B．more expensive C．expensive D．expensively
14．A．very B．too C．so D．such
15．A．safe B．safety C．safely D．save
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．C
【导语】文章主要讲述了火的发明，人们从原始社会从自然雷电获得火，再到摩擦生火，再到发明火柴和打火机，都说明了人类的进步。
1．句意：但他们必须让火一直燃着，因为如果没有闪电，他们就不能再生火。
burn燃烧，动词原形；burnt燃烧，动词过去式；to burn燃烧，动词不定式；burning燃烧，现在分词。keep sth doing“一直做某事”，因此burning符合句意；故选D。
2．句意：但他们必须让火一直燃着，因为如果没有闪电，他们就不能再生火。
start开始，动词原形；started开始，动词过去式；starting开始，现在分词；to start开始，动词不定式。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，需要动词原形作宾补；故选A。
3．句意：但他们必须让火一直燃着，因为如果没有闪电，他们就不能再生火。
if如果；unless除非；though尽管；until直到。根据“there was no lighting”可知，是前句的条件，意为“如果没有闪电”，故选A。
4．句意：后来，他们发现两块石头碰撞在一起可以产生火花。
pieces stone错误格式；pieces of stones两块石头；stone石头，名词单数；piece of stones错误格式。根据“two”可知，需要名词复数；stone是可数名词；故选B。
5．句意：这样，如果火熄灭了，他们就可以重新生火。
go out消灭；go away走开；go in参加；go by逝去。根据“make the fire again”可知，是火熄灭；go out“熄灭”，故选A。
6．句意：他们在一块木头上挖了一个洞，然后把一根小木棍放进洞里。
an用于元音音素前；a用于辅音音素前；the定冠词；these这些。根据“They made a hole on a big piece of wood”可知，再次提到该事物，需要用定冠词；故选C。
7．句意：几分钟后，他们生起了火。
a little一些，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据“minutes”可知，一些分钟以后，a few修饰可数名词；故选C。
8．句意：许多年过去了，人们学会了其他生火的方法。
others其他的人或物；another另一个；the other两者中的另一个；other其他的。根据“ways”可知，其他的方法；故选D。
9．句意：他们用正确的方法拿着一块玻璃让纸燃烧。
make制作，动词原形；to making制作，making作to的宾语；made制作，动词过去式；to make制作，动词不定式。the way to do“做某事的方法”，需要动词不定式；故选D。
10．句意：火柴给人们带来了一种快速简单的生火方式。
brought带来，过去式；were brought被带来，一般过去时的被动语态；bringed错误格式；brings带来，动词三单形式。根据“About two centuries ago, people began to make matches (火柴).”可知，需要动词的过去式；故选A。
11．句意：火柴现在还在使用，但人们有更多的新方法。
were used被使用，一般过去时的被动语态；are used被使用，一般现在时的被动语态；used使用，过去式；will use将要使用，一般将来时。根据“even now”可知，火柴被使用，需要一般现在时的被动语态；故选B。
12．句意：其中之一就是使用打火机。
them它们，宾格；they它们，主格；themselves它们自己；theirs它们的，名词性物主代词。根据“One of”可知，众多方法中的一个，them代替new ways；故选A。
13．句意：当然，打火机比一盒火柴贵得多。
most expensive最昂贵的；more expensive更昂贵；expensive昂贵的；expensively昂贵地。根据“than”可知，需要比较级；故选B。
14．句意：火是如此重要，我们从来没有停止思考更容易和更安全的点火方法。
very非常；too太；so如此，修饰形容词或副词；such如此，修饰名词。根据“that”可知，需要so/such；再者根据“important”可知，so符合句意；故选C。
15．句意：火是如此重要，我们从来没有停止思考更容易和更安全的点火方法。
safe安全的；safety安全，名词；safely安全地，副词；save拯救。根据“more easily”可知，需要一个副词；故选C。
二、完形填空 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
In China, safety education is becoming more and more important. Stampedes（踩踏）, earthquakes and fires are the main 16 . Students need to learn about how to keep themselves 17 at school.
Stampedes often happen in crowded places. When the people begin to push you, you should stand there and hold something. If you 18 in these crowded places, you should protect your head with your hands.
Earthquakes always happen 19 . If you are indoors（在室内）, you can 20 under a table or a chair, because it will protect you from being hurt by the falling things. If you are outdoors, you should find an open place and stay away from buildings and trees.
21 there’s a fire, leave the classroom as soon as possible. While leaving the classroom, you’d better put something wet over your mouth and 22 . In this way, you won’t take in（吸入）the smoke. In fact, many people 23 in a fire just because of the smoke. The smoke is full of CO2（二氧化碳）and that makes it difficult for people to breathe（呼吸）. So you should make yourself close to the floor and try to 24 quickly. Then you will be safe and you can breathe the 25 air.
16．A．reasons B．accidents C．things D．subjects
17．A．strong B．happy C．healthy D．safe
18．A．turn down B．fall down C．get up D．pick up
19．A．carefully B．quietly C．suddenly D．slowly
20．A．sleep B．hide C．listen D．play
21．A．When B．And C．Because D．But
22．A．head B．ears C．eyes D．nose
23．A．shout B．cry C．live D．die
24．A．go out B．take out C．fly out D．find out
25．A．dirty B．free C．fresh D．tasty
【答案】
16．B 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了安全教育的重要性，并介绍了三种事故的处理方式。
16．句意：踩踏、地震和火灾是学校的主要事故。
reasons原因；accidents事故；things事情；subjects科目。根据“Stampedes (踩踏), earthquakes and fires”可知，这三个都属于事故，故选B。
17．句意：学生们需要学习如何在学校保证自己的安全。
strong强的；happy开心的；healthy健康的；safe安全的。根据“safety education”可知，要学着保证自己的安全，故选D。
18．句意：如果你在这些拥挤的地方摔倒了，你应该用手保护你的头部。
turn down拒绝；fall down摔倒；get up起床；pick up捡起。根据“you should protect your head with your hands”可知，摔倒了要护住头部，故选B。
19．句意：地震总是突然发生。
carefully认真地；quietly安静地；suddenly突然；slowly慢慢地。根据“Earthquakes always happen”可知，地震都是突然发生的，故选C。
20．句意：如果你在室内，你可以躲在桌子或椅子下面，因为它会保护你免受摔下来的东西的伤害。
sleep睡觉；hide隐藏；listen听；play玩。根据“under a table or a chair, because it will protect you from being hurt by the falling things”可知，躲在桌子或椅子下面可以保护自己，故选B。
21．句意：当发生火灾时，尽快离开教室。
when当；and和；because因为；but但是。根据“there’s a fire, leave the classroom as soon as possible”可知是当发生火灾时，故选A。
22．句意：离开教室时，你最好用湿东西捂住嘴和鼻子。
head头；ears耳朵；eyes眼睛；nose鼻子。根据“In this way, you won’t take in（吸入）the smoke”可知，捂住嘴和鼻子，这样才不会吸入烟，故选D。
23．句意：事实上，许多人死于火灾仅仅是因为烟雾。
shout大喊；cry哭；live居住；die死。根据“The smoke is full of CO2（二氧化碳）and that makes it difficult for people to breathe”可知，因为吸入过多的二氧化碳而死亡，故选D。
24．句意：所以你应该让自己靠近地板，试着快速出去。
go out出去；take out拿出；fly out飞出；find out查明。根据“you should make yourself close to the floor and try to…quickly”可知，发生火灾要尽快逃出去，故选A。
25．句意：这样你就安全了，还能呼吸到新鲜空气。
dirty脏的；free自由的；fresh新鲜的；tasty美味的。根据“Then you will be safe and you can breathe the … air”可知，逃出去之后就安全了，可以呼吸到新鲜的空气，故选C。
三、阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从26-40各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The astronauts of the Shenzhou XV spaceship, Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu, set out on their journey to Tiangong space station on November 29.
Deng Qingming, who was born in a farming family in Jiangxi Province, has four younger brothers and sisters. As a hard-working student, Deng joined the PLA Air Force (中国人民解放军空军) in June 1984 and started training at a college in Hebei Province. He became the first member of the PLA Astronaut Division in January 1998 with 13 other aviators (飞行员). Deng is also the last one of the country’s first group of 14 astronauts to be sent into space. He kept working hard for his space dream although he served as a backup (候补) for years, and people called him a “hidden hero”. “Being a backup doesn’t mean you don’t need to work. I must watch carefully and offer all I know about the mission (任务) and the spaceship when there’s a dangerous situation,” Deng said. “Only when the astronauts return to the earth will my mission be over.”
When training for Shenzhou XI mission, Deng, along with the astronaut Chen Dong, had to stay in a spacecraft simulator (航天模拟器) no bigger than 10 square metres for 33 days. They had to eat space food and stand (忍受) loud noises and strong light as they tried to sleep, but he wasn’t chosen at last. “The success of the mission comes before my personal wishes,” said Deng.
26．According to the second paragraph, Deng ________.
A．once worked as a farmer B．was born in Hebei Province
C．joined the PLA Air Force in 1998 D．worked hard when he was a student
27．People called Deng a “hidden hero” because ________.
A．he offered help as a backup for the success of Shenzhou space missions
B．he successfully finished the training for Shenzhou XI space mission
C．he did a lot for the building of Shenzhou XV spacecraft
D．he knew a lot about space and had rich experience
28．What can we learn from Deng’s story
A．The longest journey begins with the first step. B．Hard work is the parent of success.
C．A good beginning is half done. D．Great mind thinks alike.
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Chen Dong is a member of the Shenzhou XV mission.
B．Deng played a key role in the success of Shenzhou XI mission.
C．Deng trained in a simulator for 33 days for Shenzhou XV mission.
D．Deng thought the space mission’s success was more important than his personal wishes.
【答案】26．D 27．A 28．B 29．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了宇航员邓清明的经历。
26．细节理解题。根据“As a hard-working student,”可知他是学生的时候学习很努力。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“He kept working hard for his space dream although he served as a backup (候补) for years, and people called him a ‘hidden hero’”可知他多年来一直担任后备队员，所以人们称他为“隐藏的英雄”。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据全文可知，他努力训练，虽然一直担任后备队员，他仍在为自己的太空梦想而努力，最终实现了自己的梦想，从他的故事中我们可以学到努力工作是成功之母。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“The success of the mission comes before my personal wishes”可知任务的成功先于我个人的愿望。故选D。
B
Now about half of the world’s population live in cities, but by 2050, cities will probably become even more crowded! All these people will need places to live, and energy to power their homes. This will put more pressure on the earth’s resources. So we need to come up with more ways which are good for the environment to build
houses, travel and make energy.
Covestro, a company in Germany, is working hard to make the future cities better. Rebecca, the head of the company, tells us the following exciting new ideas.
“As we all know, climate changes and pollution are the two biggest challenges facing the future. Right now, people use fossil fuel (化石燃料) too much for energy. That’s not good for the environment. At Covestro, we set up Covestro’s idea lab, scientists come together to solve problems here.”
“We’ve developed some new materials. Because of that, we are able to change wind turbines (风力发电机) and try to make them much bigger. Larger wind turbines mean that they can produce more energy.”
“We’re working on lighter solar panels (太阳能电池板) so that one day we could provide power for our planes and cars with sunlight! Besides, we are also recycling carbon dioxide (CO2),which is the main cause of climate warming. By using CO2, we’ve already successfully made sports floors, car parts and even clothing.”
“In the future, materials will become lighter and more natural-looking. They’ll become ‘smarter’. They’ll need to be able to share information using special tiny machine, that’s what Covestro is creating at the moment!”
30．How does the writer begin the topic
A．By presenting a problem. B．By asking a question. C．By listing numbers. D．By telling a story.
31．What do we know about Covestro
A．It did a lot of harm to our planet. B．Rebecca works as a scientist at Covestro.
C．It used fossil fuel to make energy in the past. D．It provides a place for scientists to share ideas.
32．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．The production of more energy. B．The change of wind turbines.
C．The development of new materials. D．The energy the wind turbines produce.
33．Which of the following is Covestro working on now
A．Making “smarter” materials. B．Making sports floors.
C．Creating lighter solar panels. D．Making wind turbines bigger.
【答案】30．A 31．D 32．C 33．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了面临气候变化和污染两大挑战，德国的一家公司Covestro的一些新想法。
30． 细节理解题。根据文章开头“Now about half of the world’s population live in cities, but by 2050, cities will probably become even more crowded! All these people will need places to live, transport to get around, and energy to power their homes. This will put more pressure on the earth’s resources (资源).”可知，作者是通过呈现目前所面临的问题来开始文章的主题的。故选A。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Covestro, a company in Germany, is working hard to make the future cities better. The head of the company, Ms. Smith, tells us the following exciting new ideas.”和第三段中“At Covestro, we set up Covestro’s idea. lab, scientists come together to solve problems here.”可知，Covestro这家德国公司为科学家提供了一个分享想法的地方。故选D。
32．词句猜测题。代词用来指代上文提到的某人或某物，根据第四段中“We’ve developed some new materials. Because of that, …”可知，that指代的是新材料的开发。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第五段中“We’re working on lighter solar panels (太阳能电池板) so that one day we could provide power for our planes and cars with sunlight!”可知，Covestro公司正在创造更轻的太阳能电池板。故选C。
C
When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body. When you suddenly stop, your body loses this energy. We already have watches and small medical devises (设备) which can use energy that we make when we move. In the future, people like police officers and soldiers may wear devices on their legs to “catch” this lost energy and keep it in batteries (电池). They could use the power for computers, radios or other devices.
In December 2008, most people walking across Hachiko Square, Tokyo, probably did not notice four yellow squares on the road as they hurried to work. The squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shape. When people stood on the squares, the shape of the materials changed and they produced electricity. The squares were only there for twenty days, but in that time they produced enough power to make a TV work 1,400 hours! Imagine putting these squares under all the streets in Tokyo. One day, we may turn our streets into power stations!
We can also use body heat. Every day, 250,000 people use Stockholm’s Central Station. They eat and drink, carry heavy bags, and run to catch trains—and their bodies produce a lot of heat when they do these things. Inside the station, the heat is taken from the air and used to heat water for a nearby building.
It is a great way to get free energy—all you need is a lot of people.
34．What provides energy for the watches and small medical devices
A．Electricity in batteries. B．Body movement.
C．Power stations. D．Body temperature.
35．The materials in the four squares produce electricity by changing the _________.
A．shape B．color C．weight D．direction
36．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The high temperature. B．The hot water service.
C．The use of body heat. D．The crowded station.
37．What can we learn from the passage
A．People power is made good use of now.
B．It’s easy to turn streets into power stations.
C．The use of people power has a bright future.
D．The writer doubts the use of people power.
【答案】34．B 35．A 36．C 37．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了得到免费能源的几种方式。
34．细节理解题。根据“When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body”及“We already have watches and small medical devises (设备) which can use energy that we make when we move”可知，身体移动时获得的能量给它们提供能量，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“The squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shape”可知，改变形状时产生电，故选A。
36．主旨大意题。根据“We can also use body heat”可知，本段主要介绍了身体热量的用处，故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据“It is a great way to get free energy—all you need is a lot of people.”可知，作者认为这是免费获取能量的好方法，只需要许多人就可以做到，由此可推断作者对于人体能量使用的发展抱有很大希望，故选C。
D
Do you know anything about lightning What makes it When do lightning strikes happen
Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub (摩擦) together, and cause atmospheric (大气层的)
changes. When this happens, it produces a static charge (静电). Lightning can strike inside the clouds. It can also strike between a cloud and Earth—this kind is more dangerous for people.
Lightning can be very dangerous. Every year, lightning hurts people because it can start big fires or because it can get to 28,000 degrees. Every year lightning hits about 1,000 people in the United States, and about 100 of them die from it.
Lightning makes people afraid, and it happens all over the world! Scientists think that there are more than three million lightning strikes every day in the world—that’s thirty strikes every second. An American man, Roy Sullivan, was born in 1912. He began working in a park in 1936. He survived from the most lightning strikes. Between 1942 and 1977, lightning hit him seven times! He didn’t die from them although he experienced the most lightning strikes in the world. Many people see him as the luckiest man in the world!
Lightning is sure not something to play with. It can put you in danger. So, when lightning strikes, it’s best to stay inside a large building. To stay safe, do not stand under trees or power lines, on hills or near water. Also, do not lie down on the ground, or the electricity (电) may go through you and cause a heart problem.
lightning strikes
38．How many people die from lightning strikes every year in America
A．About 7 people. B．About 100 people. C．About 1,000 people. D．About 28,000 people.
39．The word “survived” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________ in Chinese.
A．幸存 B．选择 C．遇难 D．失忆
40．What can we learn from the passage
A．Roy Sullivan died from lightning at last.
B．We’d better stay near a river when lightning happens.
C．Lightning strikes can kill all those who work in a park.
D．Lightning between a cloud and Earth is more dangerous for us.
【答案】38．B 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了闪电发生的原因及给人类造成的危害，最后文章介绍了怎样防止被闪电击中。
38．细节理解题。根据“Every year lightning hits about 1,000 people in the United States, and about 100 of them die from it.”可知，在美国，每年大约有1000人被闪电击中，其中大约100人死于闪电。故选B。
39．词义猜测题。根据“Between 1942 and 1977, lightning hit him seven times! He didn’t die from them although he experienced the most lightning strikes in the world. Many people see him as the luckiest man in the world!”可知，这个人被击中过七次，仍然存活了下来，所以survived表示“幸存”，故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据“Lightning can strike inside the clouds. It can also strike between a cloud and Earth—this kind is more dangerous for people.”可知，云层和地球之间的闪电对我们来说更危险。故选D。
第二节、阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the shopping mall, you probably think about spending, not saving. 41 Think about all the water faucets (水龙头) in the toilet. Think about all the air conditioning in summer. Saving energy is a hot topic for such a big place!
42 Electric lights, infrared (红外感应) faucets and air-conditioners need electricity to work. 43 More and more dust and dirt make the lights less bright. When malls keep lights clean, they can use fewer lights and keep the area just as bright. 44
You step up to the water faucet. The water starts to flow. You don’t have to touch a thing. Why do malls have such fancy faucets The answer is simple. They save water. 45 Infrared faucets turn themselves off.
A．Many things at the mall use energy.
B．Using fewer lights means using less energy.
C．Sometimes people forget to turn the water off after they wash.
D．Think about all the lights that keep the mall bright.
E．One way to save energy is by keeping lights clean.
【答案】41．D 42．A 43．E 44．B 45．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了购物中心的一些节能问题，其中详细介绍了如何节省电能和节约用水。
41．根据“Think about all the water faucets (水龙头) in the toilet. Think about...”可知，此处列举商场里消耗能源的问题，D项“想想所有让商场保持明亮的灯光。”符合语境。故选D。
42．根据“Electric lights, infrared (红外感应) faucets and air-conditioners need electricity to work.”可知，本段讲商场里电能的问题，A项“商场里的许多东西都使用能源。”符合语境。故选A。
43．根据“More and more dust and dirt make the lights less bright.”可知，灰尘让电灯不那么明亮，E项“节约能源的一种方法是保持电灯清洁。”符合语境。故选E。
44．根据“they can use fewer lights and keep the area just as bright”可知，干净的电灯会更省电，B项“使用更少的光意味着使用更少的能量。”符合语境。故选B。
45．根据“Infrared faucets turn themselves off.”可知，如果忘记关水，红外感应水龙头会自动关闭，C项“有时人们洗完澡后忘记关水。”符合语境。故选C。
四、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
Welcome to our new flat. Without t 46 any buttons, all the lights will be turned on as soon as you enter the flat. All the electrical appliances are c 47 to an AI computer. We can control(控制) them with our mobile phones. If you want to t 48 up the flat, a robot cleaner can help. With only two b 49 which give the robot enough energy, it can finish cleaning the flat in only a short m 50 . How amazing our new flat is!
【答案】46．(t)ouching 47．(c)onnected 48．(t)idy 49．(b)atteries 50．(m)oment
【导语】本文介绍了智能公寓。
46．句意：你一进入公寓，不用碰任何按钮，所有的灯就会亮起来。根据“...any buttons, all the lights will be turned on as soon as you enter the flat.”首字母可知，这是一个智能公寓，不需要触摸任何按钮，touch“触摸”，动词，介词后加动名词，故填(t)ouching。
47．句意：所有电器都连接到一台人工智能电脑上。根据“All the electrical appliances are...to an AI computer.”和首字母可知，此处表示电器都连接到一台人工智能电脑上。connect“连接”，是动词，和主语之间是被动关系，空前是are，此空应用动词的过去分词。故填(c)onnected。
48．句意：如果你想整理公寓，机器人清洁工可以帮上忙。根据“a robot cleaner can help.”可知，是指整理公寓，结合首字母，tidy up表示“整理”，不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填(t)idy。
49．句意：只要两块电池，便可以为机器人提供足够的能量，机器人就可以在很短的时间内完成公寓的清洁。根据“give the robot enough energy,”和首字母可知，电池可以给机器人能量，battery“电池”，此处名词用复数，故填(b)atteries。
50．句意：只要两块电池，便可以为机器人提供足够的能量，机器人就可以在很短的时间内完成公寓的清洁。根据“it can finish cleaning the flat in only a short”和首字母可知，机器人可以在很短的时间内完成公寓的清洁，in a short moment“弹指之间”符合语境。故填(m)oment。
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．在我们到达酒店之后，你最好重新整理一下你的行李。
After we the hotel, you’d better your luggage again.
【答案】 arrive/get at/to tidy up
【详解】由中英文可知前两空需要表达的是“到达”，空后“the hotel”是小地点，所以用短语arrive at或者get to，从句用一般现在时，主语“we”是复数，所以arrive或get都用原形。后两空需要表达的是“整理”，用短语tidy up，空前有情态动词“had better最好”，所以tidy用原形。故填arrive/get；at/to；tidy；up。
52．他这样做是非常愚蠢的。
It′s very him so.
【答案】 silly/foolish of to do
【详解】根据语境可知，本题考查it'’s adj. of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是怎么样的，形容词描述的是人的性格、品德等；愚蠢的silly，故填silly /foolish of；to do。
53．街道下的电缆与一个发电站相连接。
Cables under the street a power station.
【答案】are connected to
【详解】根据题干可知，be connected to与……连接，是固定搭配。句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are connected to。
54．离开教室前请记得关灯。
Please __________ the lights before you leave the classroom.
【答案】remenber to switch/ turn off
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“记得”和“关闭”的英文翻译。remember to do sth记得去做某事；关闭“switch/ turn off”，故填 remenber to switch/ turn off。
55．在某种程度上，水和电都危险。
Electricity and water are both dangerous .
【答案】 in a way
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“在某种程度上”，其对应的英文表达是in a way，介词短语。故填in；a；way。
第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
56．安全无小事，事事需自警。English Corner杂志社针对初中生举办安全知识征文活动，请根据提示，介绍安全小知识，并补充一条。
要求：1.条例清晰，行文连贯，段落分明，书写规范。
2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校。
3.词数：不少于80词。
4.标题已给出，不计入词数。
Safety Rules in Mind
school safety go up or down stairs on the right side ×run after each other
home safety stay away from hot water ×touch electricity (电)
traffic safety follow the rules × ride side by side
… …
Safety Rules in Mind
Safety is important in our lives. As teenagers, we should know some safety rules (规则). Here are some rules I know.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Safety comes first. We should remember them.
【答案】例文：
Safety Rules in Mind
Safety is important in our lives. As teenagers, we should know some safety rules (规则). Here are some rules I know.
First, when we are at school, we should go up or down stairs on the right. Don’t run after each other because you may fall down. Second, if we are at home alone, stay away from hot water, or you will get hurt. Don’t touch the electricity with wet hands. Third, when we ride to school or park, we should follow the rules of the road. Don’t ride side by side. As for earthquake safety, we should stay away from windows and heavy furniture. And keep calm, especially you are with other people.
In short, safety comes first. We should remember it.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏表格中的信息，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明主题，该篇作文的目的是介绍安全小知识（开头已给出）；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容，从学校安全、家庭安全以及交通安全等角度，介绍具体的安全规则；
第三步，作文结语，号召大家铭记安全规则。
[亮点词汇]
①fall down摔倒
②stay away from远离
③side by side肩并肩
[高分句型]
①First, when we are at school, we should go up or down stairs on the right. （when引导的时间状语从句）
②Don’t run after each other because you may fall down.（because引导的原因状语从句）
③Don’t touch the electricity with wet hands. （否定祈使句）2023-2024学年牛津深圳版英语七年级下学期Unit 6 Electricity 单元同步检测卷（广州专用）
考试范围：Unit 6；考试时间：100分钟；总分：90分
一、语法选择 （本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
Long ago people made fires from lightning (闪电). But they had to keep the fire 1 , for they couldn’t make it 2 again 3 there was no lighting. Later they found out hitting two 4 together could make a spark (火花). The spark could fire dry leaves, so they could make the fire again when it went 5 . Then people also learned to make a fire by rubbing (摩擦). They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into 6 hole. They turned the stick again and again. After 7 minutes they got a fire.
As years went by, people learned 8 ways to make a fire. Sometimes, they used the heat from the Sun. They held a piece of glass in the right way 9 a piece of paper on fire.
About two centuries ago, people began to make matches (火柴). Matches 10 people a quick and easy way to make fire. Matches 11 even now, but people have more new ways. One of 12 is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much 13 than a box of matches. But it is more useful.
Fire is 14 important that we never stop thinking of methods to start a fire more easily and more 15 .
1．A．burn B．burnt C．to burn D．burning
2．A．start B．started C．starting D．to start
3．A．if B．unless C．though D．until
4．A．pieces stone B．pieces of stones C．stone D．piece of stones
5．A．out B．away C．in D．by
6．A．an B．a C．the D．these
7．A．a little B．little C．a few D．few
8．A．others B．another C．the other D．other
9．A．make B．to making C．made D．to make
10．A．brought B．were brought C．bringed D．brings
11．A．were used B．are used C．used D．will use
12．A．them B．they C．themselves D．theirs
13．A．most expensive B．more expensive C．expensive D．expensively
14．A．very B．too C．so D．such
15．A．safe B．safety C．safely D．save
二、完形填空 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
In China, safety education is becoming more and more important. Stampedes（踩踏）, earthquakes and fires are the main 16 . Students need to learn about how to keep themselves 17 at school.
Stampedes often happen in crowded places. When the people begin to push you, you should stand there and hold something. If you 18 in these crowded places, you should protect your head with your hands.
Earthquakes always happen 19 . If you are indoors（在室内）, you can 20 under a table or a chair, because it will protect you from being hurt by the falling things. If you are outdoors, you should find an open place and stay away from buildings and trees.
21 there’s a fire, leave the classroom as soon as possible. While leaving the classroom, you’d better put something wet over your mouth and 22 . In this way, you won’t take in（吸入）the smoke. In fact, many people 23 in a fire just because of the smoke. The smoke is full of CO2（二氧化碳）and that makes it difficult for people to breathe（呼吸）. So you should make yourself close to the floor and try to 24 quickly. Then you will be safe and you can breathe the 25 air.
16．A．reasons B．accidents C．things D．subjects
17．A．strong B．happy C．healthy D．safe
18．A．turn down B．fall down C．get up D．pick up
19．A．carefully B．quietly C．suddenly D．slowly
20．A．sleep B．hide C．listen D．play
21．A．When B．And C．Because D．But
22．A．head B．ears C．eyes D．nose
23．A．shout B．cry C．live D．die
24．A．go out B．take out C．fly out D．find out
25．A．dirty B．free C．fresh D．tasty
三、阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从26-40各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The astronauts of the Shenzhou XV spaceship, Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu, set out on their journey to Tiangong space station on November 29.
Deng Qingming, who was born in a farming family in Jiangxi Province, has four younger brothers and sisters. As a hard-working student, Deng joined the PLA Air Force (中国人民解放军空军) in June 1984 and started training at a college in Hebei Province. He became the first member of the PLA Astronaut Division in January 1998 with 13 other aviators (飞行员). Deng is also the last one of the country’s first group of 14 astronauts to be sent into space. He kept working hard for his space dream although he served as a backup (候补) for years, and people called him a “hidden hero”. “Being a backup doesn’t mean you don’t need to work. I must watch carefully and offer all I know about the mission (任务) and the spaceship when there’s a dangerous situation,” Deng said. “Only when the astronauts return to the earth will my mission be over.”
When training for Shenzhou XI mission, Deng, along with the astronaut Chen Dong, had to stay in a spacecraft simulator (航天模拟器) no bigger than 10 square metres for 33 days. They had to eat space food and stand (忍受) loud noises and strong light as they tried to sleep, but he wasn’t chosen at last. “The success of the mission comes before my personal wishes,” said Deng.
26．According to the second paragraph, Deng ________.
A．once worked as a farmer B．was born in Hebei Province
C．joined the PLA Air Force in 1998 D．worked hard when he was a student
27．People called Deng a “hidden hero” because ________.
A．he offered help as a backup for the success of Shenzhou space missions
B．he successfully finished the training for Shenzhou XI space mission
C．he did a lot for the building of Shenzhou XV spacecraft
D．he knew a lot about space and had rich experience
28．What can we learn from Deng’s story
A．The longest journey begins with the first step. B．Hard work is the parent of success.
C．A good beginning is half done. D．Great mind thinks alike.
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Chen Dong is a member of the Shenzhou XV mission.
B．Deng played a key role in the success of Shenzhou XI mission.
C．Deng trained in a simulator for 33 days for Shenzhou XV mission.
D．Deng thought the space mission’s success was more important than his personal wishes.
B
Now about half of the world’s population live in cities, but by 2050, cities will probably become even more crowded! All these people will need places to live, and energy to power their homes. This will put more pressure on the earth’s resources. So we need to come up with more ways which are good for the environment to build houses, travel and make energy.
Covestro, a company in Germany, is working hard to make the future cities better. Rebecca, the head of the company, tells us the following exciting new ideas.
“As we all know, climate changes and pollution are the two biggest challenges facing the future. Right now, people use fossil fuel (化石燃料) too much for energy. That’s not good for the environment. At Covestro, we set up Covestro’s idea lab, scientists come together to solve problems here.”
“We’ve developed some new materials. Because of that, we are able to change wind turbines (风力发电机) and try to make them much bigger. Larger wind turbines mean that they can produce more energy.”
“We’re working on lighter solar panels (太阳能电池板) so that one day we could provide power for our planes and cars with sunlight! Besides, we are also recycling carbon dioxide (CO2),which is the main cause of climate warming. By using CO2, we’ve already successfully made sports floors, car parts and even clothing.”
“In the future, materials will become lighter and more natural-looking. They’ll become ‘smarter’. They’ll need to be able to share information using special tiny machine, that’s what Covestro is creating at the moment!”
30．How does the writer begin the topic
A．By presenting a problem. B．By asking a question. C．By listing numbers. D．By telling a
story.
31．What do we know about Covestro
A．It did a lot of harm to our planet. B．Rebecca works as a scientist at Covestro.
C．It used fossil fuel to make energy in the past. D．It provides a place for scientists to share ideas.
32．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．The production of more energy. B．The change of wind turbines.
C．The development of new materials. D．The energy the wind turbines produce.
33．Which of the following is Covestro working on now
A．Making “smarter” materials. B．Making sports floors.
C．Creating lighter solar panels. D．Making wind turbines bigger.
C
When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body. When you suddenly stop, your body loses this energy. We already have watches and small medical devises (设备) which can use energy that we make when we move. In the future, people like police officers and soldiers may wear devices on their legs to “catch” this lost energy and keep it in batteries (电池). They could use the power for computers, radios or other devices.
In December 2008, most people walking across Hachiko Square, Tokyo, probably did not notice four yellow squares on the road as they hurried to work. The squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shape. When people stood on the squares, the shape of the materials changed and they produced electricity. The squares were only there for twenty days, but in that time they produced enough power to make a TV work 1,400 hours! Imagine putting these squares under all the streets in Tokyo. One day, we may turn our streets into power stations!
We can also use body heat. Every day, 250,000 people use Stockholm’s Central Station. They eat and drink, carry heavy bags, and run to catch trains—and their bodies produce a lot of heat when they do these things. Inside the station, the heat is taken from the air and used to heat water for a nearby building.
It is a great way to get free energy—all you need is a lot of people.
34．What provides energy for the watches and small medical devices
A．Electricity in batteries. B．Body movement.
C．Power stations. D．Body temperature.
35．The materials in the four squares produce electricity by changing the _________.
A．shape B．color C．weight D．direction
36．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The high temperature. B．The hot water service.
C．The use of body heat. D．The crowded station.
37．What can we learn from the passage
A．People power is made good use of now.
B．It’s easy to turn streets into power stations.
C．The use of people power has a bright future.
D．The writer doubts the use of people power.
D
Do you know anything about lightning What makes it When do lightning strikes happen
Lightning strikes happen when ice and water in clouds rub (摩擦) together, and cause atmospheric (大气层的) changes. When this happens, it produces a static charge (静电). Lightning can strike inside the clouds. It can also strike between a cloud and Earth—this kind is more dangerous for people.
Lightning can be very dangerous. Every year, lightning hurts people because it can start big fires or because it can get to 28,000 degrees. Every year lightning hits about 1,000 people in the United States, and about 100 of them die from it.
Lightning makes people afraid, and it happens all over the world! Scientists think that there are more than three million lightning strikes every day in the world—that’s thirty strikes every second. An American man, Roy Sullivan, was born in 1912. He began working in a park in 1936. He survived from the most lightning strikes. Between 1942 and 1977, lightning hit him seven times! He didn’t die from them although he experienced the most lightning strikes in the world. Many people see him as the luckiest man in the world!
Lightning is sure not something to play with. It can put you in danger. So, when lightning strikes, it’s best to stay inside a large building. To stay safe, do not stand under trees or power lines, on hills or near water. Also, do not lie down on the ground, or the electricity (电) may go through you and cause a heart problem.
lightning strikes
38．How many people die from lightning strikes every year in America
A．About 7 people. B．About 100 people. C．About 1,000 people. D．About 28,000 people.
39．The word “survived” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________ in Chinese.
A．幸存 B．选择 C．遇难 D．失忆
40．What can we learn from the passage
A．Roy Sullivan died from lightning at last.
B．We’d better stay near a river when lightning happens.
C．Lightning strikes can kill all those who work in a park.
D．Lightning between a cloud and Earth is more dangerous for us.
第二节、阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the shopping mall, you probably think about spending, not saving. 41 Think about all the water faucets (水龙头) in the toilet. Think about all the air conditioning in summer. Saving energy is a hot topic for such a big place!
42 Electric lights, infrared (红外感应) faucets and air-conditioners need electricity to work. 43 More and more dust and dirt make the lights less bright. When malls keep lights clean, they can use fewer lights and keep the area just as bright. 44
You step up to the water faucet. The water starts to flow. You don’t have to touch a thing. Why do malls have such fancy faucets The answer is simple. They save water. 45 Infrared faucets turn themselves off.
A．Many things at the mall use energy.
B．Using fewer lights means using less energy.
C．Sometimes people forget to turn the water off after they wash.
D．Think about all the lights that keep the mall bright.
E．One way to save energy is by keeping lights clean.
四、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
Welcome to our new flat. Without t 46 any buttons, all the lights will be turned on as soon as you enter the flat. All the electrical appliances are c 47 to an AI computer. We can control(控制) them with our mobile phones. If you want to t 48 up the flat, a robot cleaner can help. With only two b 49 which give the robot enough energy, it can finish cleaning the flat in only a short m 50 . How amazing our new flat is!
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．在我们到达酒店之后，你最好重新整理一下你的行李。
After we the hotel, you’d better your luggage again.
52．他这样做是非常愚蠢的。
It′s very him so.
53．街道下的电缆与一个发电站相连接。
Cables under the street a power station.
54．离开教室前请记得关灯。
Please __________ the lights before you leave the classroom.
55．在某种程度上，水和电都危险。
Electricity and water are both dangerous .
第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
56．安全无小事，事事需自警。English Corner杂志社针对初中生举办安全知识征文活动，请根据提示，介绍安全小知识，并补充一条。
要求：1.条例清晰，行文连贯，段落分明，书写规范。
2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校。
3.词数：不少于80词。
4.标题已给出，不计入词数。
Safety Rules in Mind
school safety go up or down stairs on the right side ×run after each other
home safety stay away from hot water ×touch electricity (电)
traffic safety follow the rules × ride side by side
… …
Safety Rules in Mind
Safety is important in our lives. As teenagers, we should know some safety rules (规则). Here are some rules I know.
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Safety comes first. We should remember them.
