牛津译林版八年级英语下册Units1-2知识点整理+练习（含解析）

8BU1-2知识点整理
U1
1、You used to share food with me!你过去常常和我分享食物。
It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly.很快适应生活的变化是不容易的。
used to do过去常常做某事，一般过去时
否定句：usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do；
一般疑问句：Used…to do或Did…use to do
be/get used to sth/doing习惯某物/习惯做某事
Tina used to be shy, but now she is used to speaking in front of the public.
be used to do，be used for doing被用来做某事
Knives are used to cut things.
share (sth) with sb和某人分享（某物）、和某人共用（某物）
Lily shares a room with her twin sister.
2、Well, there were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.好吧，公交上总是有太多人，等下一辆要花很长时间。
too many太多/so many如此多/many许多，修饰复数名词
too much太多/so much如此多/much许多，修饰不可数名词或动词
much too（实在）太、非常，修饰形容词或副词
It takes sb some time to do sth做某事花费某人……（时间）可以转化成Doing sth takes sb some time.
It took you too much time to play games.
wait for sb/sth等待某人或某物
wait to do等待做某事
can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
Yoyo is waiting for her cousin to play tennis together.
3、I’ve lived here since I was born.自从出生我就生活在这里了。
since“自从”，后接①过去的时间点：since two years ago/since 2021；②一般过去时的句子：since I moved here.
since主句用现在完成时：She has taught in Sunshine Middle School since 2019.
since的特殊句型：It is/has been +一段时间+since+一般过去时从句
4、I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents.起初我和父母住在小镇的北部。
in the northern part of在……北部
northern“北方的”，形容词；north“北部、北边、北方”，名词
in the north of在北部（范围内）=in the northern part of，on the north of在北边（范围外接壤），to the north of在北边（范围外不接壤）
Xuzhou is in the north of Jiangsu.=Xuzhou is in the northern part of Jiangsu.
5、When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area since then. 1965年我结婚时，我和妻子搬到了两个街区外，从那时起我们就住在这个地区。
get married结婚，短暂性动词，A and B get married，A get married to B
marry嫁、娶，短暂性动词，A marry B
be married已婚，结婚，延续性动词，A and B are married，A is married to B
She married Mr. Liu in 2013.(嫁) They have been married for over 10 years.(结婚)
move…away搬离，fly away飞走，drive…away赶走
since then自从那时起，现在完成时的时间标志
6、Was pollution a problem then 那时污染是个问题吗？
pollution污染，不可数名词
pollute污染，动词；polluted被污染的，形容词
We are facing water pollution problems.
7、Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.后来政府意识到了问题，采取行动改善了这种状况。
realize the problem意识到问题
realize one’s dream实现某人的梦想
take action to improve the situation采取行动改善状况
take action to do采取行动做某事
8、It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.我们不可能像以前那样经常见面了。
it becomes adj for sb to do sth对某人来说，做某事变得……
it is adj for sb to do sth对某人来说，做某事是……的。it是形式主语，真正主语是to do sth其中adj修饰事情，如necessary，important，right等。
it is adj of sb to do sth某人是……的，做了某事。其中adj修饰人，指人的性格品质等，如polite、kind、clever等。
impossible不可能的，possible可能的
It becomes possible for us to improve our English if we try our best.
as often as before和以前一样频繁
as adj/adv as…和……一样……
It is difficult for me to swim as fast as Tim.
9、Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.现在我有时感觉有点孤独。
feel a bit lonely感到有点孤独
feel adj感到……，系动词后接形容词
a bit=a little+adj/adv有点儿
a bit of=a little+不可数名词 一些
not a bit=not at all一点也不，not a little非常
I could speak a bit of French, but I was a little nervous(紧张的) when talking with Frenchmen.
from time to time有时、不时地、偶尔
at times有时，at a time一次，on time准时，in time及时，at the right time在适当的时候，at the same time同时，at all times随时、总是
10、Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town. 阳光小镇发生了惊人的变化。
amazing changes令人惊讶地变化
amazing令人惊讶的，修饰物；amazed感到惊讶的、吃惊的，修饰人，be amazed at sth对某物感到惊讶；amaze使惊讶，amaze sb使某人惊讶/诧异
The amazing story made us very amazed./The amazing story amazes us a lot.
take place发生，不及物，无被动语态
sth take place (+时间/地点) 某事发生
take place指非偶然性事件的“发生”，有某种原因或事先的安排；happen通常指未准备地发生或偶然发生。
sth happen to sb某人发生某事
Our school sports meeting will take place next week.
11、We mainly communicate by e m ail. The Internet makes communication much easier.我们主要通过电子邮件进行交流。互联网使交流变得更加容易。
communicate动词，交流；communicate with sb
communication不可数名词，交流
make sth much easier使得某事更加容易
make sth+adj；much+比较级
Wechat makes us much munication is much easier than before.
12、Tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen, Millie. Millie，告诉我更多关于你对陈先生的采访。
interview 名词，采访、面试；an interview with sb对某人的采访
interview 动词，采访；interview sb采访某人
They are having an interview with the famous star.
13、living conditions 生活条件
condition条件，可数名词；living conditions 生活条件 living areas生活区域
They have a larger living area and the living conditions are much better.
14、She’s just returned from the USA.她刚从美国回来。
return返回、归还
return to sp=go/come back to sp返回某地
return sth to sb=give sth back to sb把某物归还某人
I have returned the books to library.
just指刚刚发生过的动作，常用于现在完成时中的表时间的状语，置于助动词之后。
Tom has just eaten the breakfast.
15、She went abroad with her parents.她和父母一起出国了。
go abroad出国 (both) at home and abroad在国内外
abroad作为地点副词时，前不能出现介词，work abroad，travel abroad
the students from abroad来自国外的学生
Many students choose to study abroad after high school.
16、So how do you keep in touch with each other 那么你们是如何保持联系的呢？
keep/be in touch with sb和某人保持联系，延续性动作
get in touch with sb与某人取得联系，短暂性动作
each other互相，代替sb，不影响短语或句子结构：help each other，communicate with each other
U2
1、My parents and I have been in Hong Kong for two days.我父母和我在香港两天了。
I know you’ve gone to Hainan.我知道你去了海南。
have been in去过某地，还在那里；延续的动作；可以与since、for、how long连用；根据地点需变化介词on或at
have been to曾经去过某地，已经回来；短暂性动作；可以与ever、never、次数连用
have gone to去了某地，还没回来，与是否在那里无关；短暂性动作；强调人已离开说话的地方，大多数情况询问第三人的情况
We have been in the park for one hour. 我们在公园一个小时了（现在还在公园）
2、It moved at high speed and was really exciting! 它以高速移动，真的很令人兴奋！
at high/low/full speed以高速/以低速/以全速
at the/a speed of 以……的速度
3、We were screaming and laughing through the ride. 我们在旅途中又叫又笑。
through the ride在整个乘坐过程中、全程；through介词：贯穿、（内部）穿过
过去进行时was/were doing，表示过去某一时刻或某个时间段正在进行的动作
4、I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos. 我追着他们跑，一直在拍照。
can’t stop doing不能停止做某、不停地做某事
can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
can’t help doing情不自禁做某事、忍不住做某事
run after sb追赶某人
5、We could even smell the apple pie and feel the wind. 我们甚至能闻到苹果派的味道，还能感觉到风。
smell/feel作为感官动词，后接形容词；作为实义动词，后接名词，意为“闻到……的味道”，“感觉到”
感官动词：The pies smell good.
实义动词：feel the wind
6、At the end of the day, we watched the fireworks in front of Sleeping Beauty Castle. 一天结束时，我们在睡美人城堡前观看了焰火表演。
at the end of 在……的末尾/末端/结束时
in the end最后=at last=finally
in the beginning在开始时= at first
at the beginning of在……的开端/开始时
7、I see Andy playing on the sand too. 我也看到安迪在沙滩上玩。
see sb do看到某人做某事，看到的是全过程，不强调动作正在进行，一般有often、every day、yesterday等表示一般时态的时间状语
see sb doing看见某人正在做某事，强调某个动作正在进行，一般有when+时间状语从句、at that time等表示进行时态的时间状语
用法相同的有hear、watch、notice
We noticed him play tennis after school every day.
8、He has not left Beijing yet.他还没有离开北京。
He has been away from Beijing for a week.他离开北京已经一周了。
需将短暂性动词转化成延续性动词的情况：①for+一段时间；②since+过去时间点/一般过去时从句；③how long；且句子不是否定句。
短暂性动词与延续性动词的转化不是只在现在完成时里出现，eg：How long can I keep these books 该句中borrow转化成了keep。
9、There may be some rain, but the weather is usually nice at that time of year. 在一年的那个时候可能有些雨，但是天气通常是很好的。
at that time of year在一年的那个时候；at this time of year 在一年的这个时候，没有特定的时态
at that time在那时，过去进行时
10、Do you have any plans for the May Day holiday, Amy 艾米，五一假期你有什么计划吗
plan名词，计划：plans for ……的计划；make a plan for the holiday 制定假期计划
plan动词，计划：plan to do sth 讲话做某事；过去式、过去分词planned；现在分词planning
plan本身不用将来时，We plan to take a trip to Yangzhou next month.
11、My dad has been to Chengdu on business twice.我爸爸曾两次去成都出差。
has been to 曾经去过，已经回来；经常和次数、never、ever等连用；短暂性动作
on business 出差，介词短语，翻译时需添加动词
How long have you been on business
12、We re going to take a direct flight to Chengdu. 我们要乘直达航班去成都。
fly的名词形式是flight“航班”，可数名词
take a direct flight to 乘直达航班去某地，直飞某地
direct直接的，形容词；directly直接地，副词；indirect间接的，形容词
13、The day finally arrived. My parents and I left for the airport in the early morning. 这一天终于到来了。我和父母一大早就出发去机场了。
arrive in/at sp=get to sp=reach sp 到达某地
arrive到达，可以不加地点，但get to和reach不能不加地点；后接具体地点时，需添加介词in/at。
若后接地点副词home、here、there、abroad时，不加介词。
Don’t arrive/get/reach here late next time.
leave离开，短暂性动词，转化成延续性动词be away from；过去式/过去分词left
leave for…动身去某地；leave…for…离开……去某地
—When did he leave for Shanghai —He left for Shanghai 2 weeks ago.
in the early morning 一大早 in the late afternoon 傍晚、下午晚些时候
14、I bought a couple of key rings for classmates. 我给同学买了几个钥匙扣。
a couple of 两个，几个、一对、一双 couple夫妇，作主语看做复数
The couple have been away from their hometown since a couple of years ago.
ring名词：环、圈、戒指、电话
key rings钥匙扣；give sb a ring给某人打电话
ring sb up 给某人打电话；过去式rang，过去分词rung
15、They have been married for 15 years.他们已经结婚15年了。
marry短暂性动词，过去式married；A marry B A嫁、娶B
married也可做形容词“已婚的”
got married (to sb) （与某人）结婚，短暂性动词
be married (to sb) （与某人）结婚，延续性动词
—When did Linda get married —She got married to Peter in 2020.
16、The fish have been dead for some time. 鱼已经死了一段时间了。
dead已死的，形容词；dying将死的、奄奄一息的，形容词
die死去，短暂性动词；过去式\过去分词died；转化成延续性动词be dead
death死亡，名词
His pet cat has been dead for 2 weeks. He is sad about its death.
17、She can go there in any season except winter. 除了冬天，她什么季节都可以去那里。
except表示排除在外，“除了……，不再有”；同but“除了”
besides表示累加关系， “除了……之外，还有”
All students are here except Tom. 除Tom没在，其他人都在这里。
in any season 在任何季节
any表示“一些”，用于否定句和不表示建议的疑问句，修饰不可数名词或复数名词
any表示“任何”，用于肯定句中，修饰单数名词
There isn’t any snow in this season.
同步练习
一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．—What is your friend like
—_______．
A．He likes football
B．He is outgoing
C．He likes playing soccer
D．He is like his father
2．－The twins are talking about the movie Finding Nimo．
－It’s fun to _______ them．
A．join B．join in C．take part in D．enter
3．He made a fire_______ himself _______ warm．
A．make；to keep B．to make；to keep
C．to make；keep D．make；keep
4．He _______ some money．
A．need B．needn’t C．needs D．doesn’t need
5．I think he is one of _______ actors in China．
A．the best B．best C．good D．better
6．Dad does exercises every morning in order _______ fit．
A．to staying B．staying C．to stay D．stay
7．It is winter now．It is cold in Bering，_______ it is warm in Hainan．
A．while B．before C．until D．so
8．If we don’t take any actions，there will be _______ space for animals，and_____ animals will be in danger．
A. more and more; more and more B. less and less; less and less
C．more and more；less and less D．less and less；more and more
9．English is very _______ and all the students know the ________ of English study．
A．important；importance B．importance；important
C．importance；importance D．important；important
10．We can provide the best service _______ you．
A．to B．with C．for D．at
11．The house isn’t _______ for us．We have to wait outside．
A．enough big B．enough small C．small enough D．big enough
12．He _______ five hours in doing his homework．
A．took B．cost C．paid D．spent
13．The boy is very _______ in this _______ book.
A．interested；interesting B．interesting；interested
C．interesting；interesting D．interested；interested
14．I saw the boy _______ when I came into the room．
A．draw B．drawing C．to draw D．drew
15．—Do you think the rain will stop tomorrow
—_______．It has rained for ten days．It’s too wet everywhere．
A．I hope not B．I’m sure it is C．I’m afraid it will D．I hope so
二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
Birds are beautiful．Some are very smart．Having a pet bird is a lot of fun，but it 1 lots of love to have a happy pet bird．
It is very important to let your bird know that you 2 it and then it can trust you．Your bird needs quiet time when you first bring it home．Do not try to pet your bird right away．Keep your bird in its 3 ．Don’t let it fly around
the house for the first few weeks．Your bird needs to relax and get used to(习惯于) its new home．
Speak gently and 4 to your bird．Do not make any sudden noise．
Like their owners，birds have 5 ．Most birds are very smart and have good memories．If they are treated badly，they will 6 it and start to behave badly．Always be gentle and kind to your pet bird．Never hit it or shout 7 it．Hitting or shouting will 8 your bird．It may even try to bite you．
Birds can also get lonely(孤独的)．In the wild，most birds live with many other birds．If you have a lot of 9 to give to your bird，it will be happy living alone in its cage．If you are away most of the day，it may be a good idea to get more than one bird． 10 first make sure that your bird gets along well with other birds．
1．A．pays B．spends C．takes D．costs
2．A．carry B．love C．give D．buy
3．A．room B．cage C．zoo D．farm
4．A．angrily B．clearly C．loudly D．quietly
5．A．feelings B．friends C．families D．wishes
6．A．take B．learn C．remember D．forget
7．A．in B．on C．at D．with
8．A．frighten B．protect C．keep D．feed
9．A．water B．food C．energy D．time
10．A．If B．But C．Or D．So
三、阅读理解
A
Do you know how to make delicious rice Let me tell you! First，you have to buy some good quality（质量）rice. Then, pour two cups of rice into a pot. After that, it is very important that you wash the rice only with clean cold water. Pour some cold water into the pot and swirl（搅动）the rice around in it. When the water turns white, pour out the water but not the rice. You should repeat this until the water does not turn white. Next, add two cups of water to the pot. Then put the pot on the stove（炉子） and turn the stove on to high. As soon as the water boils, turn the stove down.
Finally, wait for twenty minutes and then turn the stove off.
If you follow these easy instructions（说明）, it is easy to make a great pot of rice.
1. What’s the 4th step（步骤）to make rice according to the material
A. To pour the rice into a pot B. To wash the rice
C. To add water to the pot D. To turn the stove off
2. We should wash the rice________.
A. with hot water B. with cold water
C. only once D. twice
3. The underlined word “repeat” means “_______” in Chinese.
A.停止 B.等待 C.预备 D.重复
4. How long does it take to cook rice on the stove
A. About 10 minutes. B. About 15minutes.
C. Between 15-20minutes. D. More than 20 minutes.
5. We can find this material ________.
A.in a news magazine B.on a menu
C.in a food magazine D.in a storybook
B
Once upon a time，a hippo （河马）lived in a river next to a big tree.
One day，a bird came and nested （筑巢）in the tree.The songs of the bird filled the hippo with so much envy （羡慕）that he couldn’t think of anything else.Every day he would think why he wasn’t born to be a bird even though the bird told him many times he was so lucky to be so big and such a good swimmer.
Finally，the hippo made up his mind that he would come out of the river，climb the tree and start singing.However，when he tried to climb the tree，it was very clear that the hippo didn’t have wings，nor claws to climb with.
Realizing that he would never climb up the tree，he angrily hit the tree until it came crashing to the ground.Then he stepped onto the leaves of the fallen tree，and began singing.
Unfortunately，hippos can’t sing，either.All that came from his mouth were terrible noises，and when the other animals heard this，they all came around to make fun of the hippo.
He was so ashamed by this.He also felt bad about having knocked the tree over.He used all his strength to raise the tree back up again，and look after it until it completely recovered.（康复）.
1. The hippo envied the bird because .
A. he could fly high
B. he could build a nest
C. he could sing well
D. he could live in the tree
2. After reading this passage，we know .
A. the writer is telling us a true story
B. the story happened on an autumn day
C. the bird thought he was luckier than the hippo
D. the hippo tried to do something against his nature.
3. The hippo in this story .
A. was happy all the time
B. did not respect his friends
C. liked to talk a lot but did nothing
D. corrected his mistake when he realized it
4. From the passage，we can infer（推断） that the hippo would after such an experience.
A. be a good singer
B. be good at climbing trees
C. stop envying the bird
D. not make friends with other animals
5. The best title of this passage may be“ ”.
A. The hippo that wished to sing
B. The tree that was knocked over
C. The bird that wished to swim
D. The animals that were in high spirits.
【答案】B。
【解析】问句句意为“你的朋友是个什么样的人”，是对性格等方面进行提问，故选B。
2．【答案】A。
【解析】join“加入”，其后加正式的团体、组织等名词，也可加入；join in“参加”，应参加小型活动，也可接动名词形式；take part in“参加”，指参加群众性活动；enter“进入”，由空格后单词them可知，答案应为A。
3．【答案】C。
【解析】句意为“他生火使自己保持暖和”。第一个空格处应使用动词不定式to make作made的宾语补足语；第一个空格处所填make为使役动词，make sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”，为固定结构，故答案应选C。
4．【答案】C。
【解析】由句中some可排除B、D两项；主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，排除A项。答案选C。
5．【答案】A。
【解析】“one of + the/其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”指在某一范围内“最……之一”，其中the或其他限定词不能省略。故选A项。
6．【答案】C。
【解析】in order to do sth. “为了做某事”，为固定搭配。
7．【答案】A。
【解析】while“然而”，作连词，表示对比，符合题意。
8．【答案】D。
【解析】根据常识，应是“如果我们不采取任何措施，动物的生存空间将越来越少，越来越多的动物将濒临灭绝”，故选D项。
9．【答案】A。
【解析】important“重要的”，用作表语；the importance of...“……的重要性”，为固定短语。
10．【答案】C。
【解析】provide sth．for sb. ＝provide sb. witlh sth. “向某人提供某物”，为固定搭配，故应选C。
11．【答案】D。
【解析】enough修饰形容词或副词时应后置，故可排除A、B两项；由后句句意“我们不得不在外面等”可知前句句意为“房子对我们来说不够大”，故应选D。
12．【答案】D。
【解析】spend...in doing sth. “花费……做某事”，为固定结构，故选D。
13．【答案】A。
【解析】句意为“这个男孩对这本有趣的书感兴趣”。第一个空格处应填interested构成短语be interested in，第二个空格处应使用interesting来修饰物，故选A。
14．【答案】B。
【解析】句意为“当我走进房间时，我看到这个男孩正在画画”，强调动作正在进行，故应使用see sb. doing sth. “看到某人正在做某事”，故应选B。
15. 【答案】D。 【解析】问句句意为“你认为明天雨会停吗”，答语句意为“但愿如此。已经下10天了。到处都太潮湿”。故答案应为D。
二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
【答案】C。
【解析】此处考查“it takes(sh.)... to do...”句型，意为“花费(某人)……做……”。
2．【答案】B。
【解析】由下半句then it can trust you可以猜测，答案是love。此处是指让你的鸟知道你很爱它，它才会信任你。
3．【答案】B。
【解析】本句意为：让你的鸟待在笼子里。
4．【答案】D。
【解析】由下一句可知，不要忽然弄一些声音，即对你的鸟说话时要温和安静，D项符合题意。
5．【答案】A。
【解析】由下一句“Most birds are very smart and have good memories.”可知，鸟也是有感觉的，故选feelings，意为“感觉”。
6．【答案】C。
【解析】由上一句可知，鸟有很好的记忆力，所以你对它不好，它就会记住。remember意为“记住”。
7．【答案】C。
【解析】shout at... 意为“朝……大喊大叫”，固定搭配。
8．【答案】A。
【解析】由下一句“It may even try to bite you．”可知，鸟可能会咬你。由此可推测，击打或对鸟大喊大叫会“吓坏”鸟，让鸟咬你。
9．【答案】D。
【解析】本句与下一句是对比，由下一句“...away most of the day...”可知，此处是指有很多时间和你的鸟在一起，故选D项。
10．【答案】B。
【解析】前后的逻辑关系为转折，故选B项。
三、阅读理解
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了怎样做美味的米饭。
【答案】 C
【解析】细节理解题。根据First，Then, After that Next, add two cups of water to the pot.可知第四步是把两杯水放入锅中。故答案选C。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据文中句子it is very important that you wash the rice only with clean cold water.可知最重要的是用冷水洗米。故答案选B。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。You should repeat this until the water does not turn white。你应该重复做这件事直到水不再变白。根据句意猜测知答案选D。
4. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据文中句子Finally, wait for twenty minutes and then turn the stove off.可知在炉子上做米饭需要20多分钟。故答案选D。
5.【答案】 C
【解析】这篇文章是关于怎样做美味的米饭，故推知来自美食杂志。故答案选C。
B
【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了有一头河马因为羡慕嫉妒岸边树上的鸟儿会歌唱，所以他从河里爬出来要爬到树上歌唱。因为无法上树，他推到了大树，开始在树叶上歌唱。但是受到其他动物的取笑，最后他认识到自己的错误，于是把大树扶起来，开始了快乐的生活。
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题．根据The songs of the bird filled the hippo with so much envy （羡慕），可知鸟的 歌声让河马充满了如此多的嫉妒，言外之意是鸟儿唱歌很好听，让河马很嫉妒．故选C．
2. 【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题．根据However，when he tried to climb the tree，it was very clear that the hippo didn't have wings，nor claws to climb with．可知他试图拼命的往树上爬，但他失败了，因为他没有翅膀和爪子来攀附树干．从这里可以看出河马尝试想做一些违背自然规律的事．故选D．
8.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题.根据 He was so ashamed by this. He also felt bad about having knocked the tree over. He used all his strength to raise the tree back up again, and look after until it completely recovered...可知他为这一点感到羞愧.也后悔把树推倒.他用尽全力把树拉起来,重新栽种和照料它,直到树完全复活,从这里可以看出河马是一个知错就改的动物.故选D.
4. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题．根据He was so ashamed by this．可知他为学唱歌而感到羞愧，所以他不再嫉妒鸟儿的歌声．故选C．
5. 【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题．通过阅读文章可知，这篇短文主要介绍的就是河马学习唱歌的事情．所以这篇短文的题目是The hippo that wished to sing唱歌的河马．故选A．