湖北省部分省级示范高中2023-2024学年下学期高二期中测试
英语试卷
考试时间：2024年4月29日 试卷满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Nancy plan to do this weekend
A. Rest at home. B. Go hiking. C. Finish her work.
2. Who is the man talking to
A. His co-worker. B. His business partner. C. A hotel clerk.
3. What does the man want to watch now
A. A movie. B. A reality show. C. A sports game.
4. What will the man do first before going to college
A. Work part- time. B. Go on a trip. C. Visit his family.
5. What season is it now
A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Summer.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where is the Grand Hotel
A. Beside the City Museum.
B. Behind a restaurant.
C. Next to the City Bank.
7. How might the man get to the Grand Hotel
A On foot. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What time is it now
A9:00 a. m. B. 11:00 a. m. C.2:00 a. m.
9. Which instrument did the man’s father teach him
A. The violin. B. The piano. C. The guitar.
10. How did the woman feel about playing the drums
A. It was easy. B. It was appealing. C. It was uninteresting.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Roommates. C. House agent and customer.
12. What kind of place does the man want to live in
A. A dormitory with a balcony.
B. An apartment with a balcony.
C. A house with a yard or a garden.
13. What pets does the woman hope to keep
A. Parrots. B. Cats. C. Dogs.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Which of the following is the man’s favorite
A. Milan. B. Hawaii. C. Rome.
15. When does the conversation take place
A. On Monday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Find a local guide. B. Buy a guidebook. C. Book the hotel in advance.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many chimpanzees tried to escape from the monkey house
A. 3. B. 4. C. 7.
18. What is Sandra Wilke
A. A zookeeper. B. A leader. C. A reporter.
19. What did Sandra Wilke say about the injured chimpanzee
A. Its condition was better than expected.
B. Its arms were badly injured.
C. Its eyes were badly injured.
20. What happened to a zoo in Sweden in October
A. A zookeeper was bitten by a chimpanzee.
B. Its staff got punished for the escaped animals.
C. A snake got away and came back a week later.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tutor Wanted
Teach a kindergartener how to read online.
Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be! LTB tutors are dedicated volunteers who believe deeply in educational equity (公平). Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams mit to tutoring at least 2 times per week for 3 months or longer. Support your students with homework help or use the resources provided by LTB to create your own lesson plans for your student.
Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org
Tutor adults in English
The South Bay Literacy Council is an all-volunteer, non-profit organization dedicated to teaching adults to read, write and speak English in the South Bay, Los Angeles area. You’d commit to meeting weekly with your students online or in-person. We ask volunteers to make a 9-month commitment due to the time it takes to train and match tutors with students.
Visit our website to apply: http://www.Southbayliteracy.org
Tutor for Remove the Borders
Being a tutor for Remove the Borders is a great opportunity to gain volunteer hours while learning about how socioeconomic status and learning disabilities can hold students back. Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum number of sessions (课时) you have to tutor is three.
Visit our website to apply: https://formsgle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9
Teach online STEM classes
Across the country, millions of students lack the resources to learn about STEM and computer science. Our non-profit organization strives to provide this vital area of education to underprivileged students through engaging in online classes. As a volunteer teacher, you will earn service hours while developing critical communication, teaching, and leadership skills. These class sessions will run for eight weeks, and have a time commitment of three hours per week.
Visit our website to apply: https://www./overview-of-positions.html
1. Who is Learn To Be intended for
A. Disadvantaged K-12 students. B. Students with learning disabilities.
C. Grown-ups interested in English. D. Information technology majors.
2. Which program is most suitable for a volunteer without much time
A. Teach a kindergartener how to read online. B. Tutor adults in English.
C. Tutor for Remove the Borders. D. Teach online STEM classes.
3. What do these four programs have in common
A. Only online service is offered.
B. Volunteers will develop their leadership skills.
C. Volunteers will acquire service hours.
D. Anyone interested in the voluntary jobs needs to sign up online.
B
Before age thirty-four, I was a stay-at-home mom. Then, things changed and I had to find a job. I stumbled along with low-paying jobs, stress and self-doubt.
Three years later, while working at a community college, I became friends with the president’s secretary. She encouraged me to take classes and get a teaching degree. I wrestled with the idea for several months and finally enrolled in one class that fall. To my amazement, I loved school. I loved learning. So, in the spring, I enrolled in two classes while working full-time. I doubled up on classes, even going in the summer months. I won’t say it was easy. I still had all the responsibility for two teenage daughters, making my house a home, preparing meals, planning social events, making sure their homework was done, and finding time to do my own homework.
In one of my low moments, as I questioned whether to continue with my education, my fifteen-year-old daughter strolled into the room. “What are you doing ” she asked, “Trying to decide if I want to pursue my education and get a degree or not,” I replied despondently (苦恼地). “Why are you wondering ” she asked. “Well, I’ll be forty by the time I finally get my degree.” “You’ll be forty anyway,” she said matter-of-factly. “Do you want to be forty with a degree or forty without a degree ” And then she walked out of the room. I stared after her in disbelief. Out of the mouth of babes! In that moment, my life changed. I wanted to be forty with a college degree!
I don’t know what got me to the finish line, but four months after my fortieth birthday, I walked proudly across the stage to receive my Bachelor’s in Education. Three years later, I received my Master’s in English. That one decision I made so many years ago opened doors to new worlds that I had never dreamed of before. It changed my life in the most beautiful way, filling it with joy, happiness, laughter and fun. And that made all the difference.
4. What inspired the author to pursue her education
A. Advice from a friend at work. B. A desire to change her career path.
C. A conversation with the college’s president. D. Encouragement from her teenage daughter.
5. What made the author’s road to her degree tough
A. Lack of her daughters’ support. B. All the overwhelming household chores.
C. Financial crisis caused by low-paying jobs. D. Demanding learning tasks required by the courses.
6. What motivates the author to carry on with her education
A. Promotion at work. B. The desire for a better self.
C. A newfound love for learning. D. A conversation with her friend.
7. What can best describe the author
A. Ambitious and curious. B. Honest and adventurous.
C. Diligent and determined. D. Courageous and considerate.
C
The Scranton lace factory closed in 2002 and sat abandoned for about two decades—a relic of the industrial Pennsylvania city’s golden days. Today, about 1,000 people have said they’d like to rent 32 luxury apartments built inside the factory’s original walls for $950 to $3600 a month, said project property manager Michael Basalyga, who collected sign-ups in an online registration form.
Americans who would traditionally be homeowners have become long-term renters, including some with no plans to ever buy a home. Renters are changing saving patterns, generating new developments, and inspiring businesses.
Lace Village is one of hundreds of new rental developments rising up to serve a wave of higher-income and older renters flooding into America’s towns and cities searching for luxury without commitment.
“They are trying to create a community feel with all the advantages that come with homeownership (私房屋主) without the burden of homeownership,” says investment sales president Trevor Koskovich.
New subdivisions (住宅区) full of single family homes for rent—all but nonexistent a decade ago—are springing up from coast to coast. More rentals are advertising themselves as kid-and pet-friendly and permitting renters to make necessary changes within their spaces. The only difference: All the houses are rented, not owned.
“It’s not that we can’t afford to buy a house; it’s that we don’t want to,” says Couch, who is 37and works in operations for a clinic. They had three domestic vacations in the past year, and increased their savings. With income to spare, his family plans to buy new furniture and to repaint their 12-year-old daughter’s bedroom.
With renters staying in their spaces longer, they are more likely to spend money transforming them to match their tastes and preferences. Tempaper & Co., a removable wall-paper brand, says their website traffic in the fourth quarter of 2023 was more than double 2022’s. At Poplight, which sells light equipment, online store visits doubled from October 2023 to November 2023.
8. What can we learn about the Scranton lace factory
A. It has collected sign-ups for rental online. B. It had walls that had great commercial values.
C. It has been transformed into a rental building. D. It was in use for about two decades.
9. Why have people become long-term renters
A. Because they can’t afford to buy a house.
B. Because they want to buy new furniture.
C. Because they plan to buy a house when they get older.
D. Because they can live in comfort without buying a house.
10. What might the underlined phrase “springing up” mean in Paragraph 5
A. Starting to exist. B. Spreading quickly.
C. Planning to change. D. Developing rapidly.
11. How does the writer develop the last two paragraphs
A. By listing opinions. B. By giving examples.
C. By making comparisons. D. By quoting professionals.
D
The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.
Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.
For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct data sets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the early 19th century while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s.
As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate (代谢率) due to environmental factors: One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations (炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls.
”The environment that we’re living in has changed, including the temperature in our homes, our contact with microorganisms (微生物) and the food that we have access to. All these things mean that although we consider human beings as the same for all of human evolution, we’re not the same. We’re actually changing physiologically,” Parsonnet said.
12. What is Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich’s achievement
A. He set up standards for human health services.
B. He predicted trends in human body temperature.
C. He first used body temperature as a health indicator.
D. He proposed the standard human body temperature.
13. What can we learn about the Stanford team’s study
A. It shows women have a lower body temperature than men.
B. It proves human body temperature has dropped at a faster rate.
C. It compared historical and current human body temperature data.
D. It suggested updating the definition of the average body temperature.
14. Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature
A. The improved living conditions.
B. The contact with other creatures.
C. The decline in physically demanding work.
D. The adaptation of humans to climate change.
15. Which one could be the best title for the text
A. What exactly is normal human body temperature
B. Why does human body temperature need measuring
C. Human body temperature has decreased over the years
D. Human body temperature changes with the environment
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you an “I person” or an “E person” ____16____ They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” and “E” refer to “introverted”(内向的) and “extroverted”(外向的), respectively.
____17____ For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.
According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. ____18____ “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website.
Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P” people don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why ” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do ” ____19____
The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. ____20____
A. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I” person can still act outgoing at times.
B. These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online.
C. It was then that I realized I’d taken the result too seriously.
D. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations.
E. Personality labels also help us to tell the difference between people.
F. But deep down, they mostly enjoy being silent and quiet.
G. And those four letters of yours don’t define who you are.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On July 15, a small community in Colorado witnessed an extraordinary act of bravery during a fierce wildfire. Firefighter John Smith should have completed his ____21____ hours earlier, but his decision to stay saved a family’s home from destruction. His motivation came from the ____22____ to protect his community.
As reported by local news, Smith was nearing the end of his shift when he noticed a house in the path of the ___23___ flames. Without hesitation, he ____24____ to the scene, aware that every second ____25____. He quickly assessed the situation and realized that with additional assistance, he might save the house.
He geared up and grabbed a hose(水龙带), ____26____ the flames with intense focus. After hours of relentless (不懈的) effort, he managed to ____27____ the fire, preventing it from spreading to the nearby residential area.
Once the danger had passed, the homeowners were ____28____ and couldn’t express enough ____29____ to Smith. They knew that their home would have been reduced to ashes without his ____30____ efforts.
____31____ Smith, he remained humble about his heroic actions. “I was just doing my job,” he said ____32____. In his view, it was not an achievement, but rather a duty. “Anyone in my ____33____ would have done the same,” he added.
____34____ Smith and the family were strangers before the incident, they have since formed a strong bond. Smith may not have won any official ____35____, but his act of selflessness and courage won the hearts of the entire community.
21. A. journey B. vacation C. break D. shift
22. A. encouragement B. hesitation C. commitment D. inspiration
23. A. pressing B. struggling C. advancing D. appearing
24. A. rushed B. returned C. retreated D. refunded
25. A. valued B. included C. assessed D. counted
26. A. pushing B. battling C. playing D. destroying
27. A. set B. place C. contain D. gain
28. A. overwhelmed B. disappointed C. indifferent D. ungrateful
29. A. embarrassment B. astonishment C. gratitude D. generosity
30. A. timely B. temporary C. joint D. effortless
31. A. But for B. As for C. Thanks to D. Regardless of
32. A. proudly B. modestly C. casually D. willingly
33. A. position B. team C. community D. family
34. A. Once B. Though C. Since D. If
35 A. bonus B. promotion C. prize D. recognition
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The golden pheasant (红腹锦鸡) , known for its bright feathers, ____36____(consider) a symbol of good fortune and prosperity. In the Qing Dynasty, senior officials’ robes were decorated ____37____ golden pheasant images, as a symbol of their power and authority.
Normally, golden pheasants act in small groups in dense forests ____38____ there are a lot of trees and bushes, and also in less dense areas and open ____39____(mountain) regions.
Golden pheasants mainly feed on grain, berries and seeds as well as other kinds of vegetation. They will also eat small ____40____(insect) and invertebrates when the opportunity arises, and their diet may change seasonally. During winter, they tend ____41____(stay) close to humans and eat wheat leaves and seeds.
They are very timid birds and will hide in dark forests and woodlands, resting in very high trees at night. Despite their flying abilities, golden pheasants often look for food on the ground, ____42____(possible) because they are quite clumsy in flight. When ____43____(shock), they can suddenly take flight with a distinctive wing sound. Observing these colorful birds in the wild is ____44____ (challenge). The best chance to spot them is early in _____45_____ morning in open areas.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校英语翻译爱好者协会成功举办了中华诗词英译大赛，请你代表协会在本次活动的颁奖仪式上进行总结发言，内容包括：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 回顾本次活动；
3. 表达希望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow schoolmates,
It’s my great honor to make a concluding statement here.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a hot July day in Philadelphia and I can feel it still, 56 years later. The five boys I was with had grown tired of playing marbles and were seeking for something different.
“Hey!” said freckle-faced (脸上有雀斑的) little Ned. “I got an idea. We haven’t climbed the cliff (悬崖) for a long while.”
“Let’s go!” said someone else excitedly. I hesitated. I longed to be brave and active like them, but I’d been a sickly child most of my eight years and my mother warned me not to take chances.
“Come on!” called Jerry, my best friend. “Just being sick is no reason to a coward (胆小鬼).”
“I’m coming!” I yelled, running after them.
We finally came to the cliff, a near vertical (垂直的) wall of rocks sticking out dangerously, and earth slides, scraggly (乱蓬蓬的) bushes and young trees. It was only about 60 feet high, but to me it looked like the very symbol of the Forbidden and Impossible.
One by one the other boys climbed upward, finding handholds and toeholds on rock. Trembling and sweating, I began to climb. A hand here, a foot there, my heart pounding in my skinny chest, I made my way up and up.
At some point, I looked back and was horrified. The ground at the base of the cliff seemed very far below; one slip and I would fall, bouncing off the cliff face and ending on the rocks.
In a few minutes the boys started up to the top, from where they would walk home by a roundabout (迂回) route. Before they left, they glanced down at me.
“Hey, wait!” I begged.
“You can stay if you want to,” teased Ned, and the other laughed.
Jerry looked concerned, but he went with the others.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Time passed and I looked down.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As darkness began to fall, I heard the voices of Jerry and my father.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1—5 ABCBA 6—10 CBBAC 11—15 ACABB 16—20 ACBAC湖北省部分省级示范高中2023-2024学年下学期高二期中测试
英语试卷
考试时间：2024年4月29日 试卷满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Nancy plan to do this weekend
A. Rest at home. B. Go hiking. C. Finish her work.
2. Who is the man talking to
A. His co-worker. B. His business partner. C. A hotel clerk.
3. What does the man want to watch now
A. A movie. B. A reality show. C. A sports game.
4. What will the man do first before going to college
A. Work part- time. B. Go on a trip. C. Visit his family.
5. What season is it now
A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Summer.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where is the Grand Hotel
A. Beside the City Museum.
B. Behind a restaurant.
C. Next to the City Bank.
7. How might the man get to the Grand Hotel
A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What time is it now
A.9:00 a. m. B. 11:00 a. m. C.2:00 a. m.
9. Which instrument did the man’s father teach him
A. The violin. B. The piano. C. The guitar.
10. How did the woman feel about playing the drums
A. It was easy. B. It was appealing. C. It was uninteresting.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A Schoolmates. B. Roommates. C. House agent and customer.
12. What kind of place does the man want to live in
A. A dormitory with a balcony.
B. An apartment with a balcony.
C. A house with a yard or a garden.
13. What pets does the woman hope to keep
A. Parrots. B. Cats. C. Dogs.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Which of the following is the man’s favorite
A. Milan. B. Hawaii. C. Rome.
15. When does the conversation take place
A. On Monday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Find a local guide. B. Buy a guidebook. C. Book the hotel in advance.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many chimpanzees tried to escape from the monkey house
A. 3. B. 4. C. 7.
18. What is Sandra Wilke
A. A zookeeper. B. A leader. C. A reporter.
19. What did Sandra Wilke say about the injured chimpanzee
A. Its condition was better than expected.
B. Its arms were badly injured.
C. Its eyes were badly injured.
20. What happened to a zoo in Sweden in October
A. A zookeeper was bitten by a chimpanzee.
B. Its staff got punished for the escaped animals.
C. A snake got away and came back a week later.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tutor Wanted
Teach a kindergartener how to read online.
Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be! LTB tutors are dedicated volunteers who believe deeply in educational equity (公平). Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams mit to tutoring at least 2 times per week for 3 months or longer. Support your students with homework help or use the resources provided by LTB to create your own lesson plans for your student.
Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org
Tutor adults in English
The South Bay Literacy Council is an all-volunteer, non-profit organization dedicated to teaching adults to read, write and speak English in the South Bay, Los Angeles area. You’d commit to meeting weekly with your students online or in-person. We ask volunteers to make a 9-month commitment due to the time it takes to train and match tutors with students.
Visit our website to apply: http://www.Southbayliteracy.org
Tutor for Remove the Borders
Being a tutor for Remove the Borders is a great opportunity to gain volunteer hours while learning about how socioeconomic status and learning disabilities can hold students back. Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum number of sessions (课时) you have to tutor is three.
Visit our website to apply: https://forms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9
Teach online STEM classes
Across the country, millions of students lack the resources to learn about STEM and computer science. Our non-profit organization strives to provide this vital area of education to underprivileged students through engaging in online classes. As a volunteer teacher, you will earn service hours while developing critical communication, teaching, and leadership skills. These class sessions will run for eight weeks, and have a time commitment of three hours per week.
Visit our website to apply: https://www./overview-of-positions.html
1. Who is Learn To Be intended for
A. Disadvantaged K-12 students. B. Students with learning disabilities.
C. Grown-ups interested in English. D. Information technology majors.
2. Which program is most suitable for a volunteer without much time
A. Teach a kindergartener how to read online. B. Tutor adults in English.
C. Tutor for Remove the Borders. D. Teach online STEM classes.
3. What do these four programs have in common
A. Only online service is offered.
B. Volunteers will develop their leadership skills.
C. Volunteers will acquire service hours.
D. Anyone interested in the voluntary jobs needs to sign up online.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个招聘导师的项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个项目“Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams bigger.(我们的导师自愿奉献自己的时间，让缺课的K-12孩子和他们的家庭生活得更轻松，他们的机会更大，梦想更大)”可知，Learn To Be的援助对象是资源匮乏身为幼儿园孩子到12年级学生。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三个项目中“Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum number of sessions (课时) you have to tutor is three.(你的辅导时间将由你和你要辅导的人确定。辅导的最少次数是三次)”以及其他三个项目的时间跨度从8个星期到9个月不等，可知，对于时间很紧而又有兴趣做志愿教师的人而言，第三个项目最合适，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。本文提到了四个志愿项目，每个项目介绍的结尾都提供了一个网址，以供申请做志愿教师的人报名，即这四个项目的共同之处是都需要在网上注册。故选D。
B
Before age thirty-four, I was a stay-at-home mom. Then, things changed and I had to find a job. I stumbled along with low-paying jobs, stress and self-doubt.
Three years later, while working at a community college, I became friends with the president’s secretary. She encouraged me to take classes and get a teaching degree. I wrestled with the idea for several months and finally enrolled in one class that fall. To my amazement, I loved school. I loved learning. So, in the spring, I enrolled in two classes while working full-time. I doubled up on classes, even going in the summer months. I won’t say it was easy. I still had all the responsibility for two teenage daughters, making my house a home, preparing meals, planning social events, making sure their homework was done, and finding time to do my own homework.
In one of my low moments, as I questioned whether to continue with my education, my fifteen-year-old daughter strolled into the room. “What are you doing ” she asked, “Trying to decide if I want to pursue my education and get a degree or not,” I replied despondently (苦恼地). “Why are you wondering ” she asked. “Well, I’ll be forty by the time I finally get my degree.” “You’ll be forty anyway,” she said matter-of-factly. “Do you want to be forty with a degree or forty without a degree ” And then she walked out of the room. I stared after her in disbelief. Out of the mouth of babes! In that moment, my life changed. I wanted to be forty with a college degree!
I don’t know what got me to the finish line, but four months after my fortieth birthday, I walked proudly across the stage to receive my Bachelor’s in Education. Three years later, I received my Master’s in English. That one decision I made so many years ago opened doors to new worlds that I had never dreamed of before. It changed my life in the most beautiful way, filling it with joy, happiness, laughter and fun. And that made all the difference.
4. What inspired the author to pursue her education
A. Advice from a friend at work. B. A desire to change her career path.
C. A conversation with the college’s president. D. Encouragement from her teenage daughter.
5. What made the author’s road to her degree tough
A. Lack of her daughters’ support. B. All the overwhelming household chores.
C. Financial crisis caused by low-paying jobs. D. Demanding learning tasks required by the courses.
6. What motivates the author to carry on with her education
A. Promotion at work. B. The desire for a better self.
C. A newfound love for learning. D. A conversation with her friend.
7. What can best describe the author
A. Ambitious and curious. B. Honest and adventurous.
C. Diligent and determined. D. Courageous and considerate.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在37岁去求学，在忙碌的家务与工作中挤出时间学习，在面对低谷时重振精神，最终获得了学士学位乃至硕士学位。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Three years later, while working at a community college, I became friends with the president’s secretary. She encouraged me to take classes and get a teaching degree.(三年后，当我在一所社区大学工作时，我和总统的秘书成了朋友。她鼓励我去上课并获得教师学位)”可知，作者在社区学校工作时，成了校长秘书的朋友，后者鼓励作者去上课并读教育学位，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I doubled up on classes, even going in the summer months. I won’t say it was easy. I still had all the responsibility for two teenage daughters, making my house a home, preparing meals, planning social events, making sure their homework was done, and finding time to do my own homework.(我上了两倍的课，甚至在暑假也去上课。我不会说这很容易。我仍然要承担照顾两个十几岁女儿的所有责任：把家收拾得像个家，准备饭菜，策划社交活动，确保她们完成家庭作业，还要找时间做我自己的家庭作业)”可知，家庭职责和琐碎家务使得作者的求学之路并不轻松，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““Why are you wondering ” she asked. “Well, I’ll be forty by the time I finally get my degree.” “You’ll be forty anyway,” she said matter-of-factly. “Do you want to be forty with a degree or forty without a degree ” And then she walked out of the room. I stared after her in disbelief. Out of the mouth of babes! In that moment, my life changed. I wanted to be forty with a college degree!(“你为什么苦恼？”她问。“嗯，等我拿到学位的时候我就四十岁了。“反正你都要到四十岁的，”她实事求是地说。“你想在四十岁时有学位还是四十岁时没有学位？”然后她走出了房间。我难以置信地盯着她的背影。从孩子嘴里说出来的！在那一刻，我的生活改变了。我想在四十岁的时候拿到大学学位！)”可推断，希望自己的人生更好促使作者继续她的教育，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I don’t know what got me to the finish line, but four months after my fortieth birthday, I walked proudly across the stage to receive my Bachelor’s in Education. Three years later, I received my Master’s in English. That one decision I made so many years ago opened doors to new worlds that I had never dreamed of before. It changed my life in the most beautiful way, filling it with joy, happiness, laughter and fun. And that made all the difference.(我不知道是什么把我带到了终点线，但在我四十岁生日四个月后，我自豪地走过讲台，接受了我的教育学学士学位。三年后，我获得了英语硕士学位。多年前我所做的一个决定为我打开了通往新世界的大门，这是我以前从未梦想过的。它以最美好的方式改变了我的生活，让我的生活充满了快乐、幸福、笑声和乐趣。这让一切都不一样了)”文章讲述了作者在37岁去求学，在忙碌的家务与工作中挤出时间学习，在面对低谷时重振精神，最终获得了学士学位乃至硕士学位，可见作者是个勤勉，有毅力的人，故选C。
C
The Scranton lace factory closed in 2002 and sat abandoned for about two decades—a relic of the industrial Pennsylvania city’s golden days. Today, about 1,000 people have said they’d like to rent 32 luxury apartments built inside the factory’s original walls for $950 to $3600 a month, said project property manager Michael Basalyga, who collected sign-ups in an online registration form.
Americans who would traditionally be homeowners have become long-term renters, including some with no plans to ever buy a home. Renters are changing saving patterns, generating new developments, and inspiring businesses.
Lace Village is one of hundreds of new rental developments rising up to serve a wave of higher-income and older renters flooding into America’s towns and cities searching for luxury without commitment.
“They are trying to create a community feel with all the advantages that come with homeownership (私房屋主) without the burden of homeownership,” says investment sales president Trevor Koskovich.
New subdivisions (住宅区) full of single family homes for rent—all but nonexistent a decade ago—are springing up from coast to coast. More rentals are advertising themselves as kid-and pet-friendly and permitting renters to make necessary changes within their spaces. The only difference: All the houses are rented, not owned.
“It’s not that we can’t afford to buy a house; it’s that we don’t want to,” says Couch, who is 37and works in operations for a clinic. They had three domestic vacations in the past year, and increased their savings. With income to spare, his family plans to buy new furniture and to repaint their 12-year-old daughter’s bedroom.
With renters staying in their spaces longer, they are more likely to spend money transforming them to match their tastes and preferences. Tempaper & Co., a removable wall-paper brand, says their website traffic in the fourth quarter of 2023 was more than double 2022’s. At Poplight, which sells light equipment, online store visits doubled from October 2023 to November 2023.
8. What can we learn about the Scranton lace factory
A. It has collected sign-ups for rental online. B. It had walls that had great commercial values.
C. It has been transformed into a rental building. D. It was in use for about two decades.
9. Why have people become long-term renters
A. Because they can’t afford to buy a house.
B Because they want to buy new furniture.
C. Because they plan to buy a house when they get older.
D. Because they can live in comfort without buying a house.
10. What might the underlined phrase “springing up” mean in Paragraph 5
A. Starting to exist. B. Spreading quickly.
C. Planning to change. D. Developing rapidly.
11. How does the writer develop the last two paragraphs
A. By listing opinions. B. By giving examples.
C. By making comparisons. D. By quoting professionals.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了传统上拥有房屋的美国人变成了长期租房者，租房者正在改变储蓄模式，创造新的发展，并激励企业。解释了这一现象背后的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The Scranton lace factory closed in 2002 and sat abandoned for about two decades—a relic of the industrial Pennsylvania city’s golden days. Today, about 1,000 people have said they’d like to rent 32 luxury apartments built inside the factory’s original walls for $950 to $3600 a month, said project property manager Michael Basalyga, who collected sign-ups in an online registration form.(斯克兰顿花边厂于2002年关闭，被遗弃了大约20年——这是这座宾夕法尼亚工业城市黄金时代的遗迹。项目物业经理迈克尔·巴萨利加在网上收集了注册表格，他说，如今，大约有1000人表示，他们想以每月950美元到3600美元的价格租用32套建在工厂原有围墙内的豪华公寓)”可知，斯克兰顿花边厂已被改造成出租大楼。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““They are trying to create a community feel with all the advantages that come with homeownership (私房屋主) without the burden of homeownership,” says investment sales president Trevor Koskovich.(投资销售总裁特雷弗·科斯科维奇说：“他们正试图创造一种社区感觉，既拥有住房的所有优势，又没有住房的负担。)”可推断，人们会成为长期租房者因为他们不买房子也能过得很舒适。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“New subdivisions (住宅区) full of single family homes for rent—all but nonexistent a decade ago”可知，新的小区里到处都是出租的独户住宅，在过去10年里几乎是不存在的，因而“are springing up from coast to coast”表明它们现在开始存在了。故划线词意思是“开始存在”，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““It’s not that we can’t afford to buy a house; it’s that we don’t want to,” says Couch, who is 37and works in operations for a clinic.(“并不是我们买不起房子；而是我们不想这么做，”37岁的库奇说。她在一家诊所做手术)”以及最后一段“Tempaper & Co., a removable wall-paper brand, says their website traffic in the fourth quarter of 2023 was more than double 2022’s. At Poplight, which sells light equipment, online store visits doubled from October 2023 to November 2023.(可移动墙纸品牌Tempaper & Co.表示，他们的网站流量在2023年第四季度是2022年的两倍多。在销售照明设备的polight，从2023年10月到2023年11月，网店访问量翻了一番)”可推知，作者通过举例展开最后两段。故选B。
D
The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.
Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.
For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct data sets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the early 19th century while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s.
As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate (代谢率) due to environmental factors: One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations (炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls.
”The environment that we’re living in has changed, including the temperature in our homes, our contact with microorganisms (微生物) and the food that we have access to. All these things mean that although we consider human beings as the same for all of human evolution, we’re not the same. We’re actually changing physiologically,” Parsonnet said.
12. What is Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich’s achievement
A. He set up standards for human health services.
B He predicted trends in human body temperature.
C. He first used body temperature as a health indicator.
D. He proposed the standard human body temperature.
13. What can we learn about the Stanford team’s study
A. It shows women have a lower body temperature than men.
B. It proves human body temperature has dropped at a faster rate.
C. It compared historical and current human body temperature data.
D. It suggested updating the definition of the average body temperature.
14. Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature
A. The improved living conditions.
B. The contact with other creatures.
C. The decline in physically demanding work.
D. The adaptation of humans to climate change.
15. Which one could be the best title for the text
A What exactly is normal human body temperature
B. Why does human body temperature need measuring
C. Human body temperature has decreased over the years
D. Human body temperature changes with the environment
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人类的平均标准体温在下降，传统意义上的37℃的标准体温已经不适用于所有人。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851.(1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich首次提出了正常人体温度约为37℃的观点。)”和第二段中的“Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm(最近的研究表明，与公认的标准相比，人群的体温记录往往较低)”可知，Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich提出人类标准体温大约是37℃。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm(标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.(最近的研究表明，与公认的标准相比，人群的体温记录往往较低，因此，由医学、健康研究与政策教授Julie Par sonnet医学博士领导的斯坦福大学团队决定进行一项更深入的研究，将现代测量值与历史记录进行比较，试图确定体温趋势，揭示这种冷却现象发生的原因。)”及第三段关于两个不同历史时期体温的对比可知，该研究团队对比研究了历史和当前的人体体温数据。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations(炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls.(一种可能性是，200多年来公共卫生的改善降低了炎症的发生率，炎症可以促进新陈代谢。这与人们在更稳定的环境中过着更舒适的生活相结合，意味着身体不必为了保暖而努力工作，因此平均温度会下降。)”可推知，生活条件的改善使人类的标准体温降低。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.(1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich 首次提出了正常人体温度约为37℃的观点。从那时起，它被广泛接受，成为健康的试金石——医生和父母使用的诊断工具，作为判断某人是否生病或健康的基本指标。然而，事实证明，事实上，这个公认的事实是不正确的——或者，更准确地说，人类多年来一直在变冷。)”以及后文可知，本文介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究：自19世纪末以来，人类的标准体温有所下降，由此推断，C项Human body temperature has decreased over the years(人体温度多年来一直在下降)为最佳标题。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you an “I person” or an “E person” ____16____ They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” and “E” refer to “introverted”(内向的) and “extroverted”(外向的), respectively.
____17____ For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.
According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”. ____18____ “Human beings want to feel they belong, and they might become people-pleasers to do so,” wrote the MasterClass website.
Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P” people don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why ” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do ” ____19____
The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. ____20____
A. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I” person can still act outgoing at times.
B. These two personality labels in particular are widely discussed online.
C. It was then that I realized I’d taken the result too seriously.
D. That is hiding your true personality in specific situations.
E. Personality labels also help us to tell the difference between people.
F. But deep down, they mostly enjoy being silent and quiet.
G. And those four letters of yours don’t define who you are.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者对MBTI人格测试的看法以及一些亲身经历和感悟。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Are you an “I person” or an “E person” (你是I人还是E人？)”以及后文“They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” and “E” refer to “introverted”(内向的) and “extroverted”(外向的), respectively.(它们是一种流行的人格测试的一部分，被称为迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标(MBTI)。所有的结果都有四个字母，总共有16个结果。“I”和“E”分别代表“内向”和“外向”)”可知，根据上下文你是“I”人还是“E”人，“I”指的是内向型人格，“E”指的是外向型人格，可知这两种人格标签是网络上广泛讨论的内容，故B选项“这两种性格标签在网上被广泛讨论”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后文“For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person.(例如，当一个内向的人和一群内向的朋友在一起时，他们可能会变得更像一个“E”型的人)”可知，后文例子表明当一个内向的人跟一群内向的朋友在一起时，他们可能会像外向型的人一样，因此可推断，即使一个人很安静内向，有时一个“I”人也会有外向的一面，故A选项“即使一个人是典型的沉默寡言，许多网上讨论表明，一个“I”型的人有时仍然可以表现得外向”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“According to psychologists, this idea of temporarily switching personalities is called “masking”.( 根据心理学家的说法，这种暂时转换个性的想法被称为“伪装”)”可知，本句总结上文，指出“伪装”就是在特定的情况下隐藏自己的真实性格，其中masking对应hiding，故D选项“在特定情况下隐藏你的真实个性”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Using the MBTI result to identify and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P” people don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why ” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do ”(用MBTI测试的结果来识别和描述一个人的性格似乎很有趣。然而，有一次我走得太远了。我妹妹正在兴奋地制定日常旅行计划，这时我想起了一篇文章，说“P”型的人不喜欢制定或坚持计划，所以我对她说：“你看起来不像“P”型的人。”“为什么？”她反问道。“从什么时候开始我需要按照我的性格测试告诉我的去做”)”可知，上文中的例子表明，作者曾经一度过于相信MBTI的定义和描述，甚至误解姐姐做旅行不像所谓的“P”型人格特点，可知，直到那时作者才发现自己过于在意这个测试结果，故C选项“那时我才意识到我把结果看得太认真了”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person.(MBTI人格测试可能会显示出你对自己不了解的一些东西，甚至可以成为结识新朋友时有趣的破冰问题。这就是一切——有趣。知道某人的MBTI测试结果并不意味着你真的了解这个人)”可知，MBTI人格测试可能会让你更了解自己，在结实新朋友时，我们也可以把它当作一个破冰的话题。但它就是个乐子而已。知道某人的性格测试结果并不意味着你真的了解他/她，由此可知，这四个字母的性格测试结果也并不能定义你是谁，故G选项“你的四个字母并不能定义你是谁”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On July 15, a small community in Colorado witnessed an extraordinary act of bravery during a fierce wildfire. Firefighter John Smith should have completed his ____21____ hours earlier, but his decision to stay saved a family’s home from destruction. His motivation came from the ____22____ to protect his community.
As reported by local news, Smith was nearing the end of his shift when he noticed a house in the path of the ___23___ flames. Without hesitation, he ____24____ to the scene, aware that every second ____25____. He quickly assessed the situation and realized that with additional assistance, he might save the house.
He geared up and grabbed a hose(水龙带), ____26____ the flames with intense focus. After hours of relentless (不懈的) effort, he managed to ____27____ the fire, preventing it from spreading to the nearby residential area.
Once the danger had passed, the homeowners were ____28____ and couldn’t express enough ____29____ to Smith. They knew that their home would have been reduced to ashes without his ____30____ efforts.
____31____ Smith, he remained humble about his heroic actions. “I was just doing my job,” he said ____32____. In his view, it was not an achievement, but rather a duty. “Anyone in my ____33____ would have done the same,” he added.
____34____ Smith and the family were strangers before the incident, they have since formed a strong bond. Smith may not have won any official ____35____, but his act of selflessness and courage won the hearts of the entire community.
21. A. journey B. vacation C. break D. shift
22. A. encouragement B. hesitation C. commitment D. inspiration
23. A. pressing B. struggling C. advancing D. appearing
24. A. rushed B. returned C. retreated D. refunded
25. A. valued B. included C. assessed D. counted
26. A. pushing B. battling C. playing D. destroying
27. A. set B. place C. contain D. gain
28. A. overwhelmed B. disappointed C. indifferent D. ungrateful
29. A. embarrassment B. astonishment C. gratitude D. generosity
30. A. timely B. temporary C. joint D. effortless
31. A. But for B. As for C. Thanks to D. Regardless of
32. A. proudly B. modestly C. casually D. willingly
33. A. position B. team C. community D. family
34. A. Once B. Though C. Since D. If
35. A. bonus B. promotion C. prize D. recognition
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了消防员约翰·史密斯在轮班即将结束时，赶到现场救火，挽救了房主们的房屋。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防员约翰·史密斯本应该早几个小时完成他的轮班，但是他留下来的决定拯救了一个家庭的家园。A. journey旅程；B. vacation假期；C. break休息；D. shift轮班，转换。根据后文“Smith was nearing the end of his shift”指消防员完成了轮班，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的动力来自于保护社区的承诺。A. encouragement鼓励；B. hesitation犹豫；C. commitment承诺；D. inspiration灵感。根据后文“to protect his community”可知，他承诺保护社区。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据当地新闻报道，史密斯在轮班即将结束时注意到火焰蔓延的路径上有一座房子。A. pressing按压；B. struggling努力；C. advancing前进；D. appearing出现。根据后文“flames”可知，指火焰蔓延，应用advancing。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地冲向现场，意识到每一秒都很重要。A. rushed急忙；B. returned返回；C. retreated撤退；D. refunded退还。根据后文“to the scene”以及火势蔓延，可知是急忙回到了现场。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地冲向现场，意识到每一秒都很重要。A. valued重视；B. included包含；C. assessed评估；D. counted重要。根据上文“to the scene, aware that every second”可知，救火每一秒都很重要。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他准备好，抓起一根水管，全神贯注地与火焰搏斗。A. pushing推；B. battling斗争；C. playing玩耍；D. destroying破坏。根据上文“He geared up and grabbed a hose”以及后文“the flames with intense focus”指他抓起一根水管，全神贯注地与火焰搏斗。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个小时的不懈努力，他终于控制住了火势，阻止火势蔓延到附近的居民区。A. set设置；B. place地方；C. contain控制；D. gain获得。根据后文“the fire, preventing it from spreading to the nearby residential area”可知，他控制住了火势，阻止火势蔓延到附近的居民区。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：危险过去后，房主们欣喜若狂，对史密斯感激不尽。A. overwhelmed被压倒的，欣喜若狂的；B. disappointed失望的；C. indifferent冷漠的；D. ungrateful不领情的。根据上文“the homeowners were”可知，史密斯救了他们的房子，所以房主们很高兴，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：危险过去后，房主们欣喜若狂，对史密斯感激不尽。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. astonishment惊讶；C. gratitude感激；D. generosity慷慨。根据后文“They knew that their home would have been reduced to ashes without his”可知，房主们欣喜若狂，对史密斯感激不尽。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道，如果没有他及时的努力，他们的家就会化为灰烬。A. timely及时的；B. temporary暂时的；C. joint联合的；D. effortless不费力的。根据上文“their home would have been reduced to ashes without his”可知，如果没有史密斯及时的努力，他们的家就会化为灰烬。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：至于史密斯，他对自己的英雄行为保持谦虚。A. But for除了……之外；B. As for至于；C. Thanks to由于；D. Regardless of不管。后文“Smith, he remained humble about his heroic actions.”是在描述史密斯的反应，即至于史密斯，他对自己的英雄行为保持谦虚。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我只是在做我的工作，”他谦虚地说。A. proudly傲慢地；B. modestly谦虚地；C. casually随意地；D. willingly愿意地。根据上文“he remained humble”可知，他很谦虚。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“任何人在我的位置上都会这么做，”他补充说。A. position位置；B. team队伍；C. community社区；D. family家庭。根据上文“In his view, it was not an achievement, but rather a duty.(在他看来，这不是一种成就，而是一种责任)”可知，他认为任何人在他的位置上都会这么做，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然史密斯和这家人在事件发生之前是陌生人，但他们后来建立了牢固的联系。A. Once一旦；B. Though虽然；C. Since既然；D. If如果。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯可能没有赢得任何官方的认可，但是他的无私和勇气赢得了整个社区的心。A. bonus奖金；B. promotion晋升；C. prize奖品；D. recognition认可。根据上文“Smith may not have won any official”此处指得到官方认可。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The golden pheasant (红腹锦鸡) , known for its bright feathers, ____36____(consider) a symbol of good fortune and prosperity. In the Qing Dynasty, senior officials’ robes were decorated ____37____ golden pheasant images, as a symbol of their power and authority.
Normally, golden pheasants act in small groups in dense forests ____38____ there are a lot of trees and bushes, and also in less dense areas and open ____39____(mountain) regions.
Golden pheasants mainly feed on grain, berries and seeds as well as other kinds of vegetation. They will also eat small ____40____(insect) and invertebrates when the opportunity arises, and their diet may change seasonally. During winter, they tend ____41____(stay) close to humans and eat wheat leaves and seeds.
They are very timid birds and will hide in dark forests and woodlands, resting in very high trees at night. Despite their flying abilities, golden pheasants often look for food on the ground, ____42____(possible) because they are quite clumsy in flight. When ____43____(shock), they can suddenly take flight with a distinctive wing sound. Observing these colorful birds in the wild is ____44____ (challenge). The best chance to spot them is early in _____45_____ morning in open areas.
【答案】36. is considered
37. with 38. where
39. mountainous
40. insects
41. to stay
42. possibly
43. shocked
44. challenging
45. the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红腹锦鸡的特点、生活习性以及观察难度。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态与语态。句意：红腹锦鸡以其鲜艳的羽毛而闻名，被认为是好运和繁荣的象征。分析句子结构可知，这里应该填谓语。由句意可知，红腹锦鸡被认为是好运和繁荣的象征，所以用一般现在时的被动式。故答案是is considered。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：在清朝，高级官员的长袍上装饰着红腹锦鸡的图案，作为他们权力和权威的象征。be decorated with是固定搭配，意思是“被……装饰”。由句意可知，官员官服上装饰了红腹锦鸡的图案，作为权力和权威的象征。故答案是with。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：红腹锦鸡通常在树木和灌木丛很多的密集森林中活动，也活动在不那么密集的地区和开阔的山区。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是dense forests，关系词充当了后面从句there are lots of trees and bushes的地点状语，所以用关系副词where来引导。故答案是where。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：红腹锦鸡通常在树木和灌木丛很多的密集森林中活动，也活动在不那么密集的地区和开阔的山区。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列的名词结构“dense areas and open mountainous regions”，需要用形容词修饰名词，mountain的形容词为mountainous。故答案是mountainous。
【40题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：它们主要以谷物、浆果和种子为食，以及其它种类的植物。它们也会在有机会时吃小型昆虫和无脊椎动物，它们的饮食可能会随季节变化。分析句子结构可知，在句子“They will also eat small insects and invertebrates”中，insect与 invertebrates一样，充当eat的宾语，应该用可数名词的复数形式。故答案是insects。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在冬天，它们倾向于靠近人类，吃小麦的叶子和种子。tend to do sth是固定搭配，意思是“倾向于做某事”。本句意思为“冬天的时候，它们倾向于靠近人类，吃麦叶和种子。”故答案是to stay。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：尽管它们有飞行能力，红腹锦鸡经常在地面上寻找食物，可能是因为它们在飞行中相当笨拙。分析句子结构可知，此处应该用副词修饰后面because引导的原因状语从句。一般情况下，以-ble/-ple/-tle结尾的形容词变副词时，去e，加字母y。故答案是possibly。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当受到惊吓时，它们可以突然起飞，并发出独特的翅膀声响。分析句子结构可知，当受到惊吓时，红腹锦鸡会突然飞走，主语they与shock之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故答案是shocked。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：观察这些多彩的鸟类在野外是一项挑战。分析句子结构可知，这里应该用一个形容词充当句子的表语，与系动词is一起构成系表结构challenging。故答案是challenging。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在开阔地区，早晨是发现它们的最佳时机。in the morning是一个固定搭配，意思是“在上午，在早上”。故答案是the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校英语翻译爱好者协会成功举办了中华诗词英译大赛，请你代表协会在本次活动的颁奖仪式上进行总结发言，内容包括：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 回顾本次活动；
3. 表达希望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow schoolmates
It’s my great honor to make a concluding statement here.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!
【答案】One possible version:
Dear fellow schoolmates,
It’s my great honor to make a concluding statement here. At this moment, I’d like to extend my sincere congratulations to all of the participants.
The competition would not be a great success without the joint efforts of everyone. My hearty thanks go firstly to our teachers, whose guidance and encouragement have given us much insight into translation of Chinese poetry. Besides, all the participants’ devotion and wonderful performance impressed us a lot. Most importantly, the competition has further stimulated our passion for Chinese poetry and boosted our cultural confidence.
I sincerely hope that we students will work to learn English well, carry forward and spread traditional Chinese culture.
That’s all. Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表校英语翻译爱好者协会在中华诗词英译大赛颁奖仪式上进行总结发言，回顾活动并表示祝贺。
【详解】1.词汇积累
此刻：at this moment→ now
诚挚地：sincerely→genuinely
比赛：competition→match
推进：boost→promote
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, all the participants’ devotion and wonderful performance impressed us a lot.
拓展句：Besides, what impressed us a lot is all the participants’ devotion and wonderful performance.
【点睛】【高分句型1】My hearty thanks go firstly to our teachers, whose guidance and encouragement have given us much insight into translation of Chinese poetry.（运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I sincerely hope that we students will work to learn English well, carry forward and spread traditional Chinese culture.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a hot July day in Philadelphia and I can feel it still, 56 years later. The five boys I was with had grown tired of playing marbles and were seeking for something different.
“Hey!” said freckle-faced (脸上有雀斑的) little Ned. “I got an idea. We haven’t climbed the cliff (悬崖) for a long while.”
“Let’s go!” said someone else excitedly. I hesitated. I longed to be brave and active like them, but I’d been a sickly child most of my eight years and my mother warned me not to take chances.
“Come on!” called Jerry, my best friend. “Just being sick is no reason to a coward (胆小鬼).”
“I’m coming!” I yelled, running after them.
We finally came to the cliff, a near vertical (垂直的) wall of rocks sticking out dangerously, and earth slides, scraggly (乱蓬蓬的) bushes and young trees. It was only about 60 feet high, but to me it looked like the very symbol of the Forbidden and Impossible.
One by one, the other boys climbed upward, finding handholds and toeholds on rock. Trembling and sweating, I began to climb. A hand here, a foot there, my heart pounding in my skinny chest, I made my way up and up.
At some point, I looked back and was horrified. The ground at the base of the cliff seemed very far below; one slip and I would fall, bouncing off the cliff face and ending on the rocks.
In a few minutes the boys started up to the top, from where they would walk home by a roundabout (迂回) route. Before they left, they glanced down at me.
“Hey, wait!” I begged.
“You can stay if you want to,” teased Ned, and the other laughed.
Jerry looked concerned, but he went with the others.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Time passed and I looked down.
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As darkness began to fall, I heard the voices of Jerry and my father.
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【答案】Possible version 1:
Time passed and I looked down. I was overcome by dizziness, fearing it was much too far and I could never climb back down. I would lose my grasp, fall and die. But the way up to the top was even worse—higher, steeper, more dangerous and I would never make it. I heard someone sobbing and moaning; I wondered who it was and realized that it was myself. I lay on my stomach, too horrified to move. Gradually, the sun disappeared from the treetops.
As darkness began to fall, I heard the voices of Jerry and my father. “I can’t come down!” I cried. “I’ll fall. I could die!” “You climbed up,” my father said in a perfectly normal comforting tone. “You can get down the same way. Look at the rock where I’m shining the light.” Father pointed the beam up, “Put your foot on that rock.” It seemed possible. One little step after another, I inched backward and finally into my father’s strong arms, sobbing a little, and surprisingly, feeling a sense of accomplishment. It was a lesson I would never forget.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和小伙伴爬悬崖，作者爬到一半，不敢上也不敢下。而其它小伙伴开始爬上山顶，从那里他们要绕道走回家。作者恳求他们等一等自己，但是他们没有答应，杰里看起来很担心作者，但他还是和其他人一起下山了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“时间流逝，我向下看”可知，第一段可描写作者心理和情感以及周边的环境。
②由第二段首句内容“夜幕降临时，我听到了杰里和父亲的声音”可知，第二段可描写作者在父亲的指导和鼓励下成功原路返回以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：作者在原地很害怕——太阳渐渐消失——听到Jerry和父亲的声音——父亲鼓励——作者成功原路返回——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
掉落：fall /drop
哭：sob/weep
意识到：realize /be aware of
放置：put/place
情绪类
惊讶地：surprisingly/amazingly
恐惧的：horrified/frightened
【点睛】[高分句型1] That was an experience I would never forget. (运用了省略that的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I wondered who it was and realized that it was myself. (运用了who和that引导的宾语从句)
听力答案：1—5 ABCBA 6—10 CBBAC 11—15 ACABB 16—20 ACBAC
