2023-2024学年牛津深圳版英语七年级下学期Unit 6 Electricity 单元同步检测卷（广州专用）
考试范围：Unit 6；考试时间：100分钟；总分：90分
一、单项选择(每小题1分，共5分)
1．—Must I return the book tomorrow morning
—No, you ________. You ________ keep it for three more days.
A．needn’t, must B．mustn’t, can C．mustn’t, may D．don’t have to, can
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我必须明天早上还书吗？——不，你不需要。你可以再借三天。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to；第二空是表示许可，应用can，不用must。故选D。
2．It’s very foolish ________ her to say those words to you.
A．for B．with C．of D．to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：她对你说那些话真是太愚蠢了。
考查介词辨析。for为了，对于；with带有，具有；of……的；to到……。It’s +形容词+of sb.+ to do sth.“做某事对于某人来说是……”用介词of，此处形容词是修饰人的品质的；It’s +形容词+for sb.+to do sth. “做某事对于某人来说是……”用介词for，此处形容词是修饰后面的动词不定式。foolish“愚蠢的”是形容词，修饰人，用介词of。故选C。
3．Mr. Li taught us how to use electricity ________.
A．safely B．safety C．safe D．save
【答案】A
【详解】句意：李先生教我们如何安全用电。
考查副词。safely安全地；safety安全；safe安全的；save救助。根据'Mr. Li taught us how to use electricity...”可知，此空缺副词修饰动词，故选A。
4．— ________your bedroom, Peter.There is rubbish eveywhere.
—OK, Mum. I’ll do it right away.
A．Put up B．Tidy up C．Pick up D．Hurry up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——整理你的卧室，彼得。到处是垃圾。
考查动词短语。Put up张贴；Tidy up整理；Pick up捡起；Hurry up赶快。根据句意和搭配，可知是整理卧室，故选B。
5．The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the longest sea-crossing bridge in the world. It ________ three cities.
A．is connect to B．connected to C．is connected to D．connect to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：港珠澳大桥是世界上最长的跨海大桥。它与三个城市相连。
考查被动语态。主语“It”和动词“connect”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。且固定短语be connected to“与……连接”。故选C。
二、语法选择 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
In our daily lives, we usually waste some things. Lights, TVs and other things are often kept on even when nobody is using 6 . We should turn off the lights 7 we leave our rooms. And saving electricity（电） can save us money.
The Earth provides us 8 water. There 9 only 2.8% fresh water in the world. But people need to use a lot of fresh water every day. So we shouldn’t waste it. It is not difficult for us 10 water. I am sure everybody can do this 11 if he or she wants to.
Food wasting is another problem. My mother sometimes 12 too much food. We can’t eat all of it. And eating too much is not good to keep 13 . So I tell her that we shouldn’t waste food.
I find 14 important way of not wasting things. That is to use only what we need. Don’t ask for what we don’t need. We should stop 15 in our daily lives and try to make the world better.
6．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
7．A．when B．so C．but D．or
8．A．for B．of C．with D．from
9．A．is B．are C．will be D．was
10．A．save B．saves C．saving D．to save
11．A．easy B．easier C．easily D．easiest
12．A．cooks B．cooked C．will cook D．is cooking
13．A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest
14．A．a B．an C．the D．/
15．A．waste B．wastes C．wasting D．to waste
【答案】
6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文描述了社会中的浪费现象，并呼吁大家停止浪费。
6．句意：灯、电视和其他东西经常开着，即使没有人使用它们。
they它们，主格；them它们，宾格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs它们的，名词性物主代词。空处作“is using”的宾语，故用宾格形式。故选B。
7．句意：当我们离开房间时，我们应该关灯。
when当……时；so因此；but但是；or或者。根据“We should turn off the lights ...we leave our rooms”及常识可知，应是离开时关灯，用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。
8．句意：地球为我们提供水。
for为了；of……的；with和；from来自。provide sb. with. sth.表示“提供某人某物”，动词短语。故选C。
9．句意：世界上只有2.8%的淡水。
is是，主语是单数；are是，主语是第二人称或复数；will be是，一般将来时；was是，一般过去时，主语是单数。分析语境可知，该句时态为一般现在时，主语“water”为不可数名词，故be动词用is。故选A。
10．句意：节约用水对我们来说并不难。
save节约，动词原形；saves节约，动词第三人称单数；saving动名词或现在分词；to save动词不定式。该句使用的句型为“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”，表示“做某事对于某人来说是……的”。to save waster在此处作该句真正的主语。故选D。
11．句意：我相信每个人都可以很容易地做到这一点，如果他或她想。
easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，形容词比较级；easily容易地，副词；easiest最容易的，形容词最高级。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词修饰动词“do”。故选C。
12．句意：我妈妈有时会烹饪太多的食物。
cooks烹饪，动词第三人称单数；cooked烹饪，动词过去式；will cook烹饪，一般将来时；is cooking烹饪，
现在进行时。句中“sometimes”提示该句时态为一般现在时，主语“My mother”提示谓语动词应为第三人称单数。故选A。
13．句意：吃得太多不利于保持健康。
healthy健康的，形容词；healthier更健康的，形容词比较级；healthiest最健康的，形容词最高级；the healthiest最健康的，the+形容词最高级。根据常识可知，吃太多不利于保持健康，且文中并没有给出比较对象或范围，故此处应用形容词原级healthy。故选A。
14．句意：我找到了一个不浪费东西的重要方法。
a一个，表泛指，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，表泛指，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the这，那，表特指；/，零冠词。分析语境可知，此处应用不定冠词表泛指，“important”以元音音素开头，故空处应为an。故选B。
15．句意：我们应该在日常生活中停止浪费，努力让世界变得更美好。
waste浪费，动词原形；wastes浪费，动词第三人称单数；wasting浪费，动名词或现在分词；to waste浪费，动词不定式。stop doing sth.“停下正在做的事情”；stop to do sth.“停下去做某事”。上文描述了社会的浪费现象，由此推测此处作者呼吁大家停止浪费。故选C。
三、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)
I was doing my homework one night when the lights suddenly went out. The flats in the opposite building were also in complete darkness.
While my parents groped (摸索) their way to 16 candles, I found my way to the 17 . It was black outside as it was a moonless night. I could see the headlights of cars and buses on the road were on. The traffic became 18 because the traffic lights were not working.
After 19 the candles in our flat, my father took his torch (手电筒) and went out to check the lifts. I followed 20 . All the lifts 21 working. And unluckily, some people were trapped (困在) in one of them. We called the fire station and a group of firemen 22 arrived to rescue these people. After helping the firemen, my father and I 23 our flat.
We carefully locked the doors and windows and then went to bed. The next morning, 24 I woke up, I quickly tested the light. I was 25 to find it working. Like others, I think the blackout (停电) brings problems and difficulties to our lives. I really hope that it won’t happen too often.
16．A．shop for B．look for C．take in D．take away
17．A．window B．kitchen C．bedroom D．bed
18．A．strange B．heavy C．clear D．dry
19．A．achieving B．tidying C．lighting D．breathing
20．A．him B．it C．them D．her
21．A．forgot B．stopped C．finished D．started
22．A．quickly B．quietly C．probably D．brightly
23．A．arrived at B．left for C．returned to D．come from
24．A．when B．if C．because D．that
25．A．angry B．happy C．lucky D．sad
【答案】
16．B 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在一个停电的夜晚的经历。
16．句意：当我父母摸索着找蜡烛时，我找到了去窗户的路。
shop for购买；look for寻找；take in吸入；take away拿走。根据上文“I was doing my homework one night when the lights suddenly went out.”可知，停电了，所以作者的父母应该是去寻找蜡烛来照明。故选B。
17．句意：当我父母摸索着找蜡烛时，我找到了去窗户的路。
window窗户；kitchen厨房；bedroom卧室；bed床。根据下文“It was black outside as it was a moonless night.”可知，作者应该是通过窗户看到外面一片漆黑，没有月亮的。故选A。
18．句意：因为交通灯没亮，交通变得拥挤。
strange陌生的；heavy拥挤的；clear清楚的；dry干燥的。根据“traffic lights were not working”可知，交通灯没亮，所以交通会变得拥挤，故选B。
19．句意：在我们公寓点燃蜡烛后，我父亲拿着手电筒出去检查电梯。
achieving实现；tidying整理；lighting点亮；breathing呼吸。根据“the candles”可知，此处表示点亮蜡烛。故选C。
20．句意：我跟着他。
him他；it它；them他们；her她。根据上文“my father took his torch (手电筒) and went out to check the lifts”可知，此处表示作者跟着他的父亲，因此使用him。故选A。
21．句意：所有的电梯都停止工作了。
forgot忘记；stopped停止；finished完成；started开始。根据下文“And unluckily, some people were trapped (困在) in one of them.”可知，电梯停止工作了。故选B。
22．句意：我们打电话给消防站，一群消防队员很快赶到营救这些人。
quickly快速地；quietly安静地；probably可能地；brightly明亮地。根据上文“some people were trapped (困在) in one of them”可知，一些人被困在电梯中，所以消防员很快赶到营救这些人。故选A。
23．句意：帮助消防队员后，我和父亲回到了我们的公寓。
arrived at到达；left for前往；returned to返回；come from来自。根据“our flat”可知，此处表示作者和父亲返回家中。故选C。
24．句意：第二天早上，当我醒来时，我迅速检查电灯。
when当……时；if如果；because因为；that引导名词性从句时无具体意义。分析“The next morning...I woke up, I quickly tested the light.”可知，空格处是时间状语从句的引导词，应用when引导此时间状语从句。故选A。
25．句意：我很高兴地发现灯亮了。
angry生气的；happy高兴的；lucky幸运的；sad伤心的。根据“find it working”可知，当作者发现来电了，他感到高兴。故选B。
四、阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从26-40各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When Amy was 14 years old, her life was turned upside down by a family trouble.
Amy lived in a small village in India. Her mother fell ill and her father had to spend his time caring for her mother. As a result, she had to do most of the housework, including washing clothes. She didn’t have any brothers or sisters to help her. So she had to do everything by herself. What was worse, because of these, her family was very poor. They couldn’t afford an electric washing machine. Instead, she had to do the washing all by hand in the local river, and then carefully carry everything back to her home—a task that took several hours.
Interested in engineering, Amy wanted to make a washing machine which could be used without electricity. She started studying electric washers to learn how they worked. Amy then designed a machine with bicycle pedals (踏板) and chain. To get those, she went to a local shop. Luckily, the workers there were very kind. They gave her
the parts. When she met problems in making the machine, they also helped her work out them.
Here’s how the machine works: Amy used a cylinder (圆筒) to hold the clothes and put it in a cube (立方体). Next, she connected the bicycle pedals and the chain to the cylinder. As Amy pushed the pedals with her legs, the cylinder cleaned the clothes just like a regular washing machine.
Amy’s invention worked! She had created her own human-powered washing machine and now a task that used to take several hours took only 30 minutes. The poor could use the washing machine even if they couldn’t afford electricity. Amy’s washing machine was chosen as India’s best invention! And the story of this young woman’s creative invention spread around the world.
“Amy’s invention saves time and money for the world’s poor people,” said Jeanine Thomas of the Borden Project, “she made a difference.”
26．What problem did Amy try to solve
A．Her mother suffered from illness.
B．It was a long way to get water from the river.
C．Her family was too poor to afford her education.
D．It took too much time and effort to wash clothes.
27．Which shows the correct order of Amy’s life
a. Her mother fell ill.
b. She began to study electric washers.
c. Her invention spread all over the world.
d. Her washing machine worked successfully.
e. She got help from the workers at a local shop.
f. She had an idea of making a washing machine.
A．a→f→b→e→d→c B．a→f→e→d→b→c
C．f→a→e→d→b→c D．f→a→b→e→c→d
28．Which of the following best describes Amy
A．Strict and interesting. B．Kind but uneducated.
C．Hard-working but shy. D．Creative and helpful.
29．What can we learn about Amy according to Jeanine Thomas
A．Amy changed the way a washing machine works.
B．Amy won a big prize and improved her family’s life.
C．Amy improved many poor people’s lives with her invention.
D．Amy encouraged many young inventors to do something different.
【答案】26．D 27．A 28．D 29．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了印度女孩Amy发明了人力洗衣机。告诉我们：有了创造力，一个人可以改变许多人的生活。
26．细节理解题。根据“Instead, she had to do the washing all by hand in the local river, and then carefully carry everything back to her home—a task that took several hours.”可知，Amy的主要问题是洗衣服需要花费太多的时间和精力。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“Her mother fell ill and her father had to spend his time caring for her mother.”可知，Amy的母亲生病了；根据“Interested in engineering, Amy wanted to make a washing machine which could be used without electricity.”可知，Amy有了制作洗衣机的想法；根据“She started studying electric washers to learn how they worked.”可知，Amy开始研究电动洗衣机；根据“To get those, she went to a local shop. Luckily, the workers there were very kind. They gave her the parts.”可知，Amy从当地的商店得到了帮助；根据“Amy’s invention worked!”可知，Amy的洗衣机成功运行；根据“Amy’s washing machine was chosen as India’s best invention! And the story of this young woman’s creative invention spread around the world.”可知，Amy的发明传遍了全世界。故正确的顺序为a→f→b→e→d→c。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据文章的描述，Amy是一个有创造力和乐于助人的人，她不仅设计出了自己的洗衣机，还帮助了许多贫困的人。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据Jeanine Thomas的描述“Amy’s invention saves time and money for the world’s poor people,”可知，Amy通过她的发明改善了许多贫困人民的生活。故选C。
B
Have you ever seen a train that is hung in the air Such a train has appeared in Chengdu already.
The train is powered by lithium batteries (锂电池) instead of electricity. It is not only energy-saving but also environmentally friendly compared to other trains. Each coach (车厢) will be able to carry up to 120 passengers.
The train has done its test without any problem a short time ago. But further tests will be done to check the train’s ability to turn and climb up the tracks before it can be open to the public.
Chengdu is the first city in our country to build such a train system, and Shanghai will also open one this year. Shanghai started plans for its “Skytrain” in 2015.
The “Skytrain” in Shanghai will run above the ground at a height of around six meters. The columns (柱) which will support the railway will be just 80 cm wide. The columns are so narrow that they could even be built in the green belt in the middle of the road. The train Shanghai plans to use will have just four coaches, and each coach will hold 70 passengers. The train will run at around 30 kilometers per hour. It will be a little slower than the city’s subway trains, which run between 30 and 40 kilometers per hour.
“Skytrain” would cost about 120 to 150 million yuan to build. Developers said the train system will carry around 15, 000 passengers every hour. The space-saving train system would run silently through the city.
30．What test will be done
A．The train’s largest speed.
B．The train’s ability to carry passengers.
C．The distance the train can run without stopping.
D．The train’s ability to turn and climb up the tracks.
31．How many passengers can such a train in Shanghai carry
A．280. B．420. C．120. D．70.
32．Compared to other trains, what are the advantages of this new kind of train
①running very fast ②saving energy ③saving space ④ little noise
⑤environmentally friendly ⑥carrying more passengers
A．①②③④ B．②③④⑤ C．③④⑤⑥ D．①②⑤⑥
33．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the advantages of a new kind of train
B．the cost of building a new kind of train
C．a new kind of train and its development in China
D．the number of passengers that different kinds of trains can carry
【答案】30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新的节能环保型火车，并对其特点和发展进行了描述。
30．细节理解题。根据“But further tests will be done to check the train’s ability to turn and climb up the tracks before it can be open to the public.”可知，在向公众开放之前，还将进行进一步的测试，以检查列车转弯和爬上轨道的能力。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“The train Shanghai plans to use will have just four coaches, and each coach will hold 70 passengers”可知，上海计划使用的列车将只有四节车厢，每节车厢可容纳70名乘客，共280名乘客。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“It is not only energy-saving but also environmentally friendly compared to other trains.”可知，它节约能源、对环境友好；根据“The space-saving train system would run silently through the city”可知，它节省空间，无噪音。故选B。
33．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种新的节能环保型火车，并对其特点和发展进行了描述。故选C。
C
A rainy day can do more than just influence your mood, it can also turn the streets and your home into a mess. When it is raining, there are things you can do to protect you from water damage (损坏) caused by heavy rain.
At home and outside ◆ When you are at home, keep windows and doors closed. If the rain water enters the room, cut off the power supply (供应) to stop the rain water from electrifying and hurting people. ◆ If you are outside, do not stay under trees or large billboards close to power supply lines. And remember, you can’t touch anything metal or electrical. In thunderstorm weather, it is better not to answer and dial mobile phones outdoors. The mobile phones can also cause thunder and hurt people.
When walking or driving on rainy days ◆Try to choose the main road and ring road. Reduce the speed gradually from high speed to low speed. When there is too much rain water, slow down your car and drive more slowly. ◆ In areas with strong rain, when driving out, you should pay attention to the information of waterlogged (积水的) road section and traffic control, and plan the travel route in advance. ◆Because of the heavy rain, roads and parking area may be full of water, electric vehicles (交通工具) are left in the rain water. The line is very easy to short circuit (短路) in the charging process (在充电过程中). We must do something right away.
◆ If the vehicle stalls (熄火) in driving, get off the vehicle and wait for rescue. Never stay in the car all the time.
34．What can we do if the rain water enters the room
A．Clean it out of the room at once. B．Cut off the power supply at once.
C．Close the door and windows. D．Stand on a much higher place.
35．Why can’t we answer and dial mobile phones outdoors in thunderstorm weather
A．Because nobody will call you. B．Because there will be less electricity.
C．Because mobile phones have no signals. D．Because mobile phones can cause thunder and hurt us.
36．What must we do if there’s short circuit in the charging process of electric vehicles
A．Stop charging at once. B．Move the vehicles aside.
C．Find another time to charge. D．Stay away from the vehicles.
37．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this article
A．Stop us from going out on rainy days. B．Tell us ways of protecting ourselves.
C．Give us some warning on rainy days. D．Give us some examples of living.
【答案】34．B 35．D 36．A 37．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了下大雨时如何进行自我保护。
34．细节理解题。根据文中“If the rain water enters the room, cut off the power supply (供应) to stop the rain water from electrifying and hurting people.”可知，如果雨水进入室内，应切断电源，防止雨水带电伤人，故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据文中“In thunderstorm weather, it is better not to answer and dial. mobile phones outdoors. The mobile phones can also cause thunder and hurt people.”可知，雷雨天气，最好不要在户外接听和拨打手机，手机也引起雷电伤人，故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据文中“The line is very easy to short circuit(短路) in the charging process (在充电过程中). We must do something right away.”可知，如果电动车在充电过程中出现短路，我们应该立即停止充电，故选A。
37．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了下大雨时如何进行自我保护，故选B。
D
The power of the wind
Light winds help us fly kites in spring and cool us in summer. Strong winds take away people’s lives. Winds can be friendly or dangerous. They can also work for us.
Wind power is not new. Five thousand years ago, the Chinese first used windmills（风车）. In 700 A．D．, the Syrians and Persians used them too. In the seventeenth century, the people of the Netherlands built windmills to get seawater. Now we can use the wind to make electricity.
In many countries, wind turbines（风力发电机）are everywhere. A group of turbines is called a wind farm.
Wind energy has several advantages. One advantage is that there will always be wind. Wind power is also clean. It doesn’t make air pollution. Farmers like wind power because electric companies pay them to use their land. And they can still grow crops and keep animals on their farms.
Wind power also has some disadvantages. One is that turbines are expensive, although the cost has gone down these years. A second disadvantage is noise pollution. This was a greater problem in the past. Today, if you stand under a turbine, you hear only a soft sound. You won’t hear turbines at all 100 meters away. For some people, a third disadvantage is visual（视觉的）pollution, but other people like to see turbines turning together.
Today, wind power is growing fast. A lot of countries get their energy from wind. Denmark gets 20% of its energy from wind. China is going to get 26% of its energy from wind in 2030. Perhaps one day, all countries will use this safe, clean energy to make electricity.
38．China is going to get 26% of its energy from wind ________.
A．in 2020 B．in 2030 C．in 2040 D．in 2050
39．According to the passage, how many advantages does wind energy have ________
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
40．Which of the following is true ________
A．The cost of wind turbines is getting lower.
B．You won’t hear the sound of turbines at all.
C．Wind energy causes visual pollution badly.
D．Every country makes good use of wind energy.
【答案】38．B 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“风的力量”及其优缺点和应用。
38．细节理解题。根据“China is going to get 26% of its energy from wind in 2030.”可知，到2030年，中国26%的能源将来自风能。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据“One advantage is that there will always be wind. Wind power is also clean. It doesn’t make air pollution. Farmers like wind power because electric companies pay them to use their land. And they can still grow crops and keep animals on their farms.（风能有几个优点。一个优点是总会有风。风力发电也是清洁的。它不会造成空气污染。农民喜欢风力发电，因为电力公司支付他们使用土地的费用。他们仍然可以在农场里种植农作物和饲养动物。）”可知，所以有三个优点。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据“One is that turbines are expensive, although the cost has gone down these years.（风力发电也有一些缺点，一个是发电机价格昂贵，尽管近年来成本有所下降）”可知，风力发电机价格在下降。故选A。
第二节、阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone knows that the earth is in danger. Some people think there is nothing we can do about this but that’s just not true. If we all do a few small things every day, we can make a real difference. 41
Use less electricity (电). 42 Turn your computer off at night to save electricity. Choose the right light at your home. An LED bulb (灯泡) is a good choice. When you leave a room, turn the lights off. It is simple, easy and green.
43 Turn the tap (水龙头) off when you brush your teeth or in the shower when you wash your hair. You’ll use less water. Naturally, your parents will pay less for the water and they will be happy too!
Get moving. Use public transport (公共交通工具), walk or ride bikes to get to school or meet friends. Many car journeys are under three kilometers long. 44 You can get some exercise by walking or riding and make less air pollution at the same time.
Recycle (回收利用). Try to recycle things like glass, paper and plastic. 45 Reusing things is another way we can protect our natural resources (资源) like trees. So what are you waiting for Start today! The world
will become better.
A．Use less water.
B．Here are some ideas for you to try.
C．It’s short and doesn’t need to drive a car.
D．When you finish watching TV, turn it off.
E．You can organize the recycling at home and wash glass and plastic bottles.
【答案】41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．E
【导语】本文介绍了我们每个人如何通过日常生活中的小行为来保护地球，包括节约用电、节约用水、选择绿色出行方式以及回收利用物品。
41．根据“Use less electricity (电). Get moving. Recycle (回收利用).”可知，空处应该是总体说有一些保护地球的措施，B选项“这有一些好主意来给你尝试。”符合语境。故选B。
42．根据“Use less electricity (电).”可知，空处是关于节约用电的，D项“当你结束看电视的时候，关闭它。”符合语境。故选D。
43．根据“Turn the tap (水龙头) off when you brush your teeth or in the shower when you wash your hair.”可知，空处是关于节约用水的，A项“使用少量的水。”符合语境。故选A。
44．根据“Many car journeys are under three kilometers long.”可知，空处应该是说路程太短，不需要开车，C项“它太短，不需要开车。”符合语境。故选C。
45．根据“Try to recycle things like glass, paper and plastic.”可知，空处应该是说关于回收利用的事情，E选项“你可以在家组织回收利用并且洗玻璃盒塑料瓶子。”符合语境。故选E。
四、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。
When most teenagers are learning how to work out maths problems, Kelvin Doe is teaching himself to make batteries and generators (发电机) for his neighborhoods in Africa.
Kelvin is only 15 years old, but he has already created batteries and generators by h 46 . He used the things he picked up around the house or from litter bins (垃圾箱) to create them.
“In my hometown, we don’t have much electricity and batteries are e 47 .” Kelvin said. So he decided
to make batteries to l 48 up people’s homes.
Kelvin also owns a radio station. He broadcasts (广播) news and plays m 49 for the local people. The station gets its electricity from a generator also made by him.
His next project will be a windmill (风车) for electricity supply (供给). He wants to help more families in his hometown live a happy and c 50 life.
【答案】46．(h)imself 47．(e)xpensive 48．(l)ight 49．(m)usic 50．(c)omfortable/(c)onvenient
【导语】本文介绍了开尔文很小的时候就自学制造电池和发电机，帮助他家乡的人过上幸福的生活。
46．句意：开尔文只有15岁，但他已经自己制造出了电池和发电机。根据“He used the things he picked up around the house or from litter bins (垃圾箱) to create them.”可知，此处指的是开尔文“靠自己”发明了电池和发电机，表示“独自做”用短语“by oneself”，且主语“Kelvin”是男孩，结合首字母可知是himself“他自己”。故填(h)imself。
47．句意：在我的家乡，我们没有多少电，电池也很贵。根据“we don’t have much electricity and batteries are”可知，此处需要形容词作表语；且此处指电池很“贵”，结合首字母可知是expensive“昂贵的”。故填(e)xpensive。
48．句意：所以他决定制造电池来照亮人们的家。根据“up people’s homes.”及空前的“to”和首字母可知，此处是表示“照亮，点亮”，动词短语“light up”符合语境，“to”后接动词原形。故填(l)ight。
49．句意：他为当地人广播新闻和演奏音乐。根据“He broadcasts (广播) news and plays”以及首字母，可知，此处正在描述开尔文广播站播放新闻及“音乐”，music“音乐”符合语境，不可数名词。故填(m)usic。
50．句意：他想帮助家乡更多的家庭过上幸福舒适/便捷的生活。根据“and”前面的形容词“happy”，并结合首字母可知，与之并列的应该是形容词，“comfortable/convenient”符合语境，故填(c)omfortable/(c)onvenient。
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．当再次去小村庄时，他给那个小男孩买了一袋曲奇饼。
He bought cookies for the little boy when he visit the village again.
【答案】 a packet of
【详解】根据所给汉意可知空处缺“一袋”，需要用量词短语a packet of表示一袋。故填a；packet；of。
52．我们那时候没有冰箱和洗衣机。
We didn’t have a fridge or a in those days.
【答案】 washing machine
【详解】空处缺“洗衣机”的含义，洗衣机为washing machine。故填washing；machine。
53．托尼的妈妈想让他整理自己的房间。
Tony’s mother wanted him to his room.
【答案】 tidy up
【详解】tidy up“整理”，want sb to do sth“想要某人做某事”，故填tidy；up。
54．在某种程度上你是对的，但是我们还得考虑时间问题。
, you are right, but we have to consider the time.
【答案】 In a/some way
【详解】此处缺少“在某种程度上”，英语表达为in a/some way，位于句首的单词，首字母要大写，故填In；a/some；way。
55．离开房间之前. 请将你的电脑关闭。
Please your computer before leaving the room.
【答案】turn off/ switch off
【详解】根据中英文对比，缺少“关闭”，“turn off/switch off”有关闭之意，且根据句意可知是祈使句，祈使句省略主语you，直接以动词原形开头，故答案为turn off/switch off。
第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
56．校园里经常出现一些浪费水电的现象。针对这个问题，你们学校举行了题为“Saving water and electricity”的英语征文比赛。请参考以下表格信息，罗列至少三种浪费水电的现象，并提出至少三点解决方法。
Saving water and electricity
Problems water: waste..., keep...tap...on, throw away bottles with...water electricity: forget... leave..., open...
Solutions turn off...tap...; not use drinking water to wash... switch off... lights and air conditioners, close..., higher than 26℃
注意：
1. 可参考以上表格信息，可选用表格提示词。
2. 字数：70词左右（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Saving water and electricity
Water and electricity are very valuable. However, some students in our school do not cherish(珍惜) them and waste a lot of them. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Saving water and electricity
Water and electricity are very valuable. However, some students in our school do not cherish them and waste a lot of them.
Recently, I find that more and more students keep the tap on when brushing teeth. They throw away bottles with water in it. And they often forget to turn off the lights when leaving the classrooms.
We should turn off the tap as long as we don’t use them. We shouldn’t use drinking water to wash things. We should switch off the lights and air conditioners when it is unnecessary. When it is not so hot, we should set air conditioners higher than 26℃. Finally and most importantly, increase the students’ environmental awareness to lead a low-carbon life.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“Saving water and electricity”为题，结合表格信息，列举至少三种浪费水电的现象，并提出至少三点解决方法。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来行文，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍浪费水电的现象；第三段提出解决方法。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。2023-2024学年牛津深圳版英语七年级下学期Unit 6 Electricity 单元同步检测卷（广州专用）
考试范围：Unit 6；考试时间：100分钟；总分：90分
一、单项选择(每小题1分，共5分)
1．—Must I return the book tomorrow morning
—No, you ________. You ________ keep it for three more days.
A．needn’t, must B．mustn’t, can C．mustn’t, may D．don’t have to, can
2．It’s very foolish ________ her to say those words to you.
A．for B．with C．of D．to
3．Mr. Li taught us how to use electricity ________.
A．safely B．safety C．safe D．save
4．— ________your bedroom, Peter.There is rubbish eveywhere.
—OK, Mum. I’ll do it right away.
A．Put up B．Tidy up C．Pick up D．Hurry up
5．The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the longest sea-crossing bridge in the world. It ________ three cities.
A．is connect to B．connected to C．is connected to D．connect to
二、语法选择 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
In our daily lives, we usually waste some things. Lights, TVs and other things are often kept on even when nobody is using 6 . We should turn off the lights 7 we leave our rooms. And saving electricity（电） can save us money.
The Earth provides us 8 water. There 9 only 2.8% fresh water in the world. But people need to use a lot of fresh water every day. So we shouldn’t waste it. It is not difficult for us 10 water. I am sure everybody can do this 11 if he or she wants to.
Food wasting is another problem. My mother sometimes 12 too much food. We can’t eat all of it. And eating too much is not good to keep 13 . So I tell her that we shouldn’t waste food.
I find 14 important way of not wasting things. That is to use only what we need. Don’t ask for
what we don’t need. We should stop 15 in our daily lives and try to make the world better.
6．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
7．A．when B．so C．but D．or
8．A．for B．of C．with D．from
9．A．is B．are C．will be D．was
10．A．save B．saves C．saving D．to save
11．A．easy B．easier C．easily D．easiest
12．A．cooks B．cooked C．will cook D．is cooking
13．A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest
14．A．a B．an C．the D．/
15．A．waste B．wastes C．wasting D．to waste
三、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)
I was doing my homework one night when the lights suddenly went out. The flats in the opposite building were also in complete darkness.
While my parents groped (摸索) their way to 16 candles, I found my way to the 17 . It was black outside as it was a moonless night. I could see the headlights of cars and buses on the road were on. The traffic became 18 because the traffic lights were not working.
After 19 the candles in our flat, my father took his torch (手电筒) and went out to check the lifts. I followed 20 . All the lifts 21 working. And unluckily, some people were trapped (困在) in one of them. We called the fire station and a group of firemen 22 arrived to rescue these people. After helping the firemen, my father and I 23 our flat.
We carefully locked the doors and windows and then went to bed. The next morning, 24 I woke up, I quickly tested the light. I was 25 to find it working. Like others, I think the blackout (停电) brings problems and difficulties to our lives. I really hope that it won’t happen too often.
16．A．shop for B．look for C．take in D．take away
17．A．window B．kitchen C．bedroom D．bed
18．A．strange B．heavy C．clear D．dry
19．A．achieving B．tidying C．lighting D．breathing
20．A．him B．it C．them D．her
21．A．forgot B．stopped C．finished D．started
22．A．quickly B．quietly C．probably D．brightly
23．A．arrived at B．left for C．returned to D．come from
24．A．when B．if C．because D．that
25．A．angry B．happy C．lucky D．sad
四、阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从26-40各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When Amy was 14 years old, her life was turned upside down by a family trouble.
Amy lived in a small village in India. Her mother fell ill and her father had to spend his time caring for her mother. As a result, she had to do most of the housework, including washing clothes. She didn’t have any brothers or sisters to help her. So she had to do everything by herself. What was worse, because of these, her family was very poor. They couldn’t afford an electric washing machine. Instead, she had to do the washing all by hand in the local river, and then carefully carry everything back to her home—a task that took several hours.
Interested in engineering, Amy wanted to make a washing machine which could be used without electricity. She started studying electric washers to learn how they worked. Amy then designed a machine with bicycle pedals (踏板) and chain. To get those, she went to a local shop. Luckily, the workers there were very kind. They gave her the parts. When she met problems in making the machine, they also helped her work out them.
Here’s how the machine works: Amy used a cylinder (圆筒) to hold the clothes and put it in a cube (立方体). Next, she connected the bicycle pedals and the chain to the cylinder. As Amy pushed the pedals with her legs, the cylinder cleaned the clothes just like a regular washing machine.
Amy’s invention worked! She had created her own human-powered washing machine and now a task that used to take several hours took only 30 minutes. The poor could use the washing machine even if they couldn’t afford electricity. Amy’s washing machine was chosen as India’s best invention! And the story of this young woman’s creative invention spread around the world.
“Amy’s invention saves time and money for the world’s poor people,” said Jeanine Thomas of the Borden Project, “she made a difference.”
26．What problem did Amy try to solve
A．Her mother suffered from illness.
B．It was a long way to get water from the river.
C．Her family was too poor to afford her education.
D．It took too much time and effort to wash clothes.
27．Which shows the correct order of Amy’s life
a. Her mother fell ill.
b. She began to study electric washers.
c. Her invention spread all over the world.
d. Her washing machine worked successfully.
e. She got help from the workers at a local shop.
f. She had an idea of making a washing machine.
A．a→f→b→e→d→c B．a→f→e→d→b→c
C．f→a→e→d→b→c D．f→a→b→e→c→d
28．Which of the following best describes Amy
A．Strict and interesting. B．Kind but uneducated.
C．Hard-working but shy. D．Creative and helpful.
29．What can we learn about Amy according to Jeanine Thomas
A．Amy changed the way a washing machine works.
B．Amy won a big prize and improved her family’s life.
C．Amy improved many poor people’s lives with her invention.
D．Amy encouraged many young inventors to do something different.
B
Have you ever seen a train that is hung in the air Such a train has appeared in Chengdu already.
The train is powered by lithium batteries (锂电池) instead of electricity. It is not only energy-saving but also environmentally friendly compared to other trains. Each coach (车厢) will be able to carry up to 120 passengers.
The train has done its test without any problem a short time ago. But further tests will be done to check the train’s ability to turn and climb up the tracks before it can be open to the public.
Chengdu is the first city in our country to build such a train system, and Shanghai will also open one this
year. Shanghai started plans for its “Skytrain” in 2015.
The “Skytrain” in Shanghai will run above the ground at a height of around six meters. The columns (柱) which will support the railway will be just 80 cm wide. The columns are so narrow that they could even be built in the green belt in the middle of the road. The train Shanghai plans to use will have just four coaches, and each coach will hold 70 passengers. The train will run at around 30 kilometers per hour. It will be a little slower than the city’s subway trains, which run between 30 and 40 kilometers per hour.
“Skytrain” would cost about 120 to 150 million yuan to build. Developers said the train system will carry around 15, 000 passengers every hour. The space-saving train system would run silently through the city.
30．What test will be done
A．The train’s largest speed.
B．The train’s ability to carry passengers.
C．The distance the train can run without stopping.
D．The train’s ability to turn and climb up the tracks.
31．How many passengers can such a train in Shanghai carry
A．280. B．420. C．120. D．70.
32．Compared to other trains, what are the advantages of this new kind of train
①running very fast ②saving energy ③saving space ④ little noise
⑤environmentally friendly ⑥carrying more passengers
A．①②③④ B．②③④⑤ C．③④⑤⑥ D．①②⑤⑥
33．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the advantages of a new kind of train
B．the cost of building a new kind of train
C．a new kind of train and its development in China
D．the number of passengers that different kinds of trains can carry
C
A rainy day can do more than just influence your mood, it can also turn the streets and your home into a mess. When it is raining, there are things you can do to protect you from water damage (损坏) caused by heavy rain.
At home and outside ◆ When you are at home, keep windows and doors closed. If the rain water enters the room, cut off the power supply (供应) to stop the rain water from electrifying and hurting people. ◆ If you are outside, do not stay under trees or large billboards close to power supply lines. And remember, you can’t touch anything metal or electrical. In thunderstorm weather, it is better not to answer and dial mobile phones outdoors. The mobile phones can also cause thunder and hurt people.
When walking or driving on rainy days ◆Try to choose the main road and ring road. Reduce the speed gradually from high speed to low speed. When there is too much rain water, slow down your car and drive more slowly. ◆ In areas with strong rain, when driving out, you should pay attention to the information of waterlogged (积水的) road section and traffic control, and plan the travel route in advance. ◆Because of the heavy rain, roads and parking area may be full of water, electric vehicles (交通工具) are left in the rain water. The line is very easy to short circuit (短路) in the charging process (在充电过程中). We must do something right away. ◆ If the vehicle stalls (熄火) in driving, get off the vehicle and wait for rescue. Never stay in the car all the time.
34．What can we do if the rain water enters the room
A．Clean it out of the room at once. B．Cut off the power supply at once.
C．Close the door and windows. D．Stand on a much higher place.
35．Why can’t we answer and dial mobile phones outdoors in thunderstorm weather
A．Because nobody will call you. B．Because there will be less electricity.
C．Because mobile phones have no signals. D．Because mobile phones can cause thunder and hurt us.
36．What must we do if there’s short circuit in the charging process of electric vehicles
A．Stop charging at once. B．Move the vehicles aside.
C．Find another time to charge. D．Stay away from the vehicles.
37．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this article
A．Stop us from going out on rainy days. B．Tell us ways of protecting ourselves.
C．Give us some warning on rainy days. D．Give us some examples of living.
D
The power of the wind
Light winds help us fly kites in spring and cool us in summer. Strong winds take away people’s lives. Winds can be friendly or dangerous. They can also work for us.
Wind power is not new. Five thousand years ago, the Chinese first used windmills（风车）. In 700 A．D．, the Syrians and Persians used them too. In the seventeenth century, the people of the Netherlands built windmills to get seawater. Now we can use the wind to make electricity.
In many countries, wind turbines（风力发电机）are everywhere. A group of turbines is called a wind farm.
Wind energy has several advantages. One advantage is that there will always be wind. Wind power is also clean. It doesn’t make air pollution. Farmers like wind power because electric companies pay them to use their land. And they can still grow crops and keep animals on their farms.
Wind power also has some disadvantages. One is that turbines are expensive, although the cost has gone down these years. A second disadvantage is noise pollution. This was a greater problem in the past. Today, if you stand under a turbine, you hear only a soft sound. You won’t hear turbines at all 100 meters away. For some people, a third disadvantage is visual（视觉的）pollution, but other people like to see turbines turning together.
Today, wind power is growing fast. A lot of countries get their energy from wind. Denmark gets 20% of its energy from wind. China is going to get 26% of its energy from wind in 2030. Perhaps one day, all countries will use this safe, clean energy to make electricity.
38．China is going to get 26% of its energy from wind ________.
A．in 2020 B．in 2030 C．in 2040 D．in 2050
39．According to the passage, how many advantages does wind energy have ________
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
40．Which of the following is true ________
A．The cost of wind turbines is getting lower.
B．You won’t hear the sound of turbines at all.
C．Wind energy causes visual pollution badly.
D．Every country makes good use of wind energy.
第二节、阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone knows that the earth is in danger. Some people think there is nothing we can do about this but that’s just not true. If we all do a few small things every day, we can make a real difference. 41
Use less electricity (电). 42 Turn your computer off at night to save electricity. Choose the right light at your home. An LED bulb (灯泡) is a good choice. When you leave a room, turn the lights off. It is simple, easy and green.
43 Turn the tap (水龙头) off when you brush your teeth or in the shower when you wash your hair. You’ll use less water. Naturally, your parents will pay less for the water and they will be happy too!
Get moving. Use public transport (公共交通工具), walk or ride bikes to get to school or meet friends. Many car journeys are under three kilometers long. 44 You can get some exercise by walking or riding and make less air pollution at the same time.
Recycle (回收利用). Try to recycle things like glass, paper and plastic. 45 Reusing things is another way we can protect our natural resources (资源) like trees. So what are you waiting for Start today! The world will become better.
A．Use less water.
B．Here are some ideas for you to try.
C．It’s short and doesn’t need to drive a car.
D．When you finish watching TV, turn it off.
E．You can organize the recycling at home and wash glass and plastic bottles.
四、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。
When most teenagers are learning how to work out maths problems, Kelvin Doe is teaching himself to make batteries and generators (发电机) for his neighborhoods in Africa.
Kelvin is only 15 years old, but he has already created batteries and generators by h 46 . He used the things he picked up around the house or from litter bins (垃圾箱) to create them.
“In my hometown, we don’t have much electricity and batteries are e 47 .” Kelvin said. So he decided to make batteries to l 48 up people’s homes.
Kelvin also owns a radio station. He broadcasts (广播) news and plays m 49 for the local people. The station gets its electricity from a generator also made by him.
His next project will be a windmill (风车) for electricity supply (供给). He wants to help more families in his hometown live a happy and c 50 life.
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．当再次去小村庄时，他给那个小男孩买了一袋曲奇饼。
He bought cookies for the little boy when he visit the village again.
52．我们那时候没有冰箱和洗衣机。
We didn’t have a fridge or a in those days.
53．托尼的妈妈想让他整理自己的房间。
Tony’s mother wanted him to his room.
54．在某种程度上你是对的，但是我们还得考虑时间问题。
, you are right, but we have to consider the time.
55．离开房间之前. 请将你的电脑关闭。
Please your computer before leaving the room.
第三节 书面表达（共1题；满分15分）
56．校园里经常出现一些浪费水电的现象。针对这个问题，你们学校举行了题为“Saving water and electricity”的英语征文比赛。请参考以下表格信息，罗列至少三种浪费水电的现象，并提出至少三点解决方法。
Saving water and electricity
Problems water: waste..., keep...tap...on, throw away bottles with...water electricity: forget... leave..., open...
Solutions turn off...tap...; not use drinking water to wash...
switch off... lights and air conditioners, close..., higher than 26℃
注意：
1. 可参考以上表格信息，可选用表格提示词。
2. 字数：70词左右（短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
Saving water and electricity
Water and electricity are very valuable. However, some students in our school do not cherish(珍惜) them and waste a lot of them. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
