押第56-60题 知识运用之阅读表达（湖南省卷）
【题型概述】
分析湖南近3年各地市中考英语真题可知,回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200-260词，一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题，其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多，少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。2024湖南新中考省卷模式为3个阅读表答题加2个翻译题。
【阅读策略】
此类题型不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求考生能够用自己的语言简要地回答有关问题;既考查考生的阅读理解能力，也考查考生的英语表达能力和概括能力。另外，对考生的拼写能力、语法掌握能力也提出了一定的要求,再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言,加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩,好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。本题型答题应注意以下五点:
一、在答题前，先快速浏览短文之后的问题。以便于在阅读的时候，有意识地留意文中出现的与问题有关的信息。
二、认真细读全文及所给图表，了解短文及图表中的细节内容，包括人物、时间、地点、内容、原因、数量、结果及图片各个要素之间的关系等,即who,when,where,what,why,
how many,how 等基本要素信息,并作出不同的标记，以备答题时一目了然，提高答题速度和效率。
三、仔细阅读问题，在理解题意的基础上，从文中或图片中提取所需要的信息进行逐一回答，此时一定要注意图片之间的内在联系，读懂图片以后，再认真组织语言，注意书写的清晰度与准确性，注意语言表达的逻辑性和严密性。
四、对于具有归纳与总结性的问题，需要对所给图文中的信息材料进行甄别与筛选，综合相关信息进行必要的转换、归纳和概括。
五、对于开放性试题，考生一定要读懂题意，搞清楚问什么，有几个问题，防止遗漏。此类试题一般都和文章的话题相关，对于考生来说并不陌生。重要的是要注意回答问题的
人称和时态等。比如问过去的事情用一般过去时，表达自己或他人对某事的观点用一般现在时;人称上尤其要注意第三人称单数形式。
要求考生读完一篇文章后,根据文中相关内容,完成相关的填空题。这种阅读在形式上灵活多样,内容上丰富多彩,并联系实际,强调主观表述,旨在考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力,快速获取信息的能力,也考查考生组织信息和表达信息的能力。
Passage A（2023湖南岳阳卷）
Days pass by, it seems that daily life will become boring if nothing unexpected happens in our lives. The sense of ceremony (仪式感) from special days keeps our feelings fresh and increases expectations of life.
Mrs Li has two children Li Xin is her 15-year-old daughter. Li Lei is Li Xin’s brother. He’s older than Li Xin.
A new semester (学期) should begin with a sense of ceremony. On the first day of new term, Li Xin sat in front of the TV and watched the First Class, an educational program of CCTV. The First Class encouraged her to study hard and be a useful person.
Another exciting thing to bring her the sense of ceremony is flag-raising ceremony. On Monday morning, students were dressed in school uniforms and stood in a neat (整齐) line on the playground quietly. While Li Xin was singing along with the national anthem (国歌) and watching the rising flag, the sense of national pride and love for the country came into her heart.
Li Xin will leave junior high school this year. She expects the moving moment of graduation ceremony. She will never forget the important people in her life who helped and supported her—her parents, her teachers and her friends. She will consider what they’ve done for her and hope that they will be proud of her in the future.
As for Li Lei, he can’t wait to grow up, as he can make his own decisions. He always asks a question, “At what age do I really become an adult ” In China, the 18th birthday is a very important event for young people because they can vote (投票) and learn to drive a car, so Mrs Li regards Li Lei’s birthday as a most important event. She will have a big birthday party for her son. Li Lei realizes no matter how old he is, becoming an adult is really about learning how to be independent and responsible.
Every moment to record a meaningful event brings a sense of ceremony and makes our lives colorful.
36. How old is Li Xin
37. What did the First Class encourage Li Xin to do
38. When did Li Xin take part in the flag-raising ceremony
39. Who helped Li Xin during her junior high school
40. Can Li Lei vote and learn to drive a car at the age of 18
【答案】36. She is 15 years old.
37. It encouraged her to study hard and be a useful person.
38. On Monday morning.
39. Her parents, her teachers and her friends.
40. Yes, he can.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍李欣和李磊二人新学期的仪式感。
【36题详解】根据“Li Xin is her 15-year-old daughter.”可知，李欣15岁，故填She is 15 years old.
【37题详解】根据“The First Class encouraged her to study hard and be a useful person.”可知，《开学第一课》鼓励她努力学习，做一个有用的人。故填It encouraged her to study hard and be a useful person.
【38题详解】根据“Another exciting thing to bring her the sense of ceremony is flag-raising ceremony. On Monday morning, students were dressed in school uniforms and stood in a neat (整齐) line on the playground quietly.”可知，周一早上举行升旗仪式，故填On Monday morning.
【39题详解】根据“She will never forget the important people in her life who helped and supported her—her parents, her teachers and her friends.”可知，李欣的父母、老师和朋友帮助
过她。故填Her parents, her teachers and her friends.
【40题详解】根据“In China, the 18th birthday is a very important event for young people because they can vote (投票) and learn to drive a car, so Mrs Li regards Li Lei’s birthday as a most important event.”可知，李雷在18岁的时候可以投票和学开车，故填Yes, he can.
Passage B（2022湖南常德卷）
As the saying goes, “1. Do well and have well.” Liz’s life was changed forever that year. It all started with her kindness towards two strangers. One early morning, they walked into the diner where she worked.
Tim and Paul stepped into the 130 Diner for breakfast after they fought a terrible fire for 12 hours. 2. 当付餐费的时候, 他们很惊讶。 The young waitress had paid their bill, leaving a sweet message on their bill instead, “Your meal is on me today. Thank you for serving people and running into the places everyone runs away from.”
Touched, the two firefighters shared her kind action on social media. It spread quickly. And later they found out the true story of the waitress who had paid for their meal. Liz Woodward had been trying to make a living. Her father was paraplegic (瘫痪的) because of a brain illness. 3. 他们决定帮助这位女士。They set up a campaign (运动) to raise $ 10,000 for a wheelchair-accessible car for her father. The donations, however, did not stop when the campaign ended. After hearing of her kindness, Mobility Ventures, the wheelchair-accessible cars producers, refused to take the money. 4. Instead, they gave the family a car for free as a Christmas gift.
Liz was so grateful to the two firefighters and many strangers who have reached out to help her, saying, “5. All the kindness is really unbelievable! I hope this brings hope to other people in similar situations.”
【答案】51. 善有善报。
52. When they paid the meal, they were very surprised.
53. They decided to help the woman.
54. 相反，他们免费给了这家人一辆汽车作为圣诞礼物。
55. 所有的善意都是难以置信的！
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个“善有善报”的故事。一位餐厅服务员Liz为两位消防员主动买单，之后这两位消防员得知Liz的困难以后，发起了慈善捐款来帮助她。
【51题详解】
“Do well and have well”是语句谚语，表示“善有善报”，故填：善有善报。
【52题详解】
when“当……时”，pay the meal“付餐费”；they“他们”；very suprised“非常惊讶”，描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，故填When they paid the meal, they were very surprised.
【53题详解】
they“他们”；decide to do sth“决定做某事”；help the woman“帮助这位女士”，描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，故填They decided to help the woman.
【54题详解】
instead“相反”；give the family a car“给了这家人一辆汽车”；for free“免费”；as a Christmas gift“作为圣诞礼物”，故填：相反，他们免费给了这家人一辆汽车作为圣诞礼物。
【55题详解】
all the kindness“所有的善意”；really“真正地”；unbelievable“难以置信的”，故填：所有的善意都是难以置信的！
一、细节理解题
细节理解题是原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。这类题在原文中可直接找到答案,常用一般疑问句、选择疑问句以及由who, what, where, when, why和how等引导的特殊疑问句来提问。
二、主旨大意题
此类问题主要考查学生概括文章主旨或段落大意的能力,其主要目的是培养学生归纳主要信息的能力。由于文章的主旨大意通常会出现在首尾段或段落的首尾句,所以回答此类型题一般采用略读法。略读时要特别注意短文的首段、首句或末句,一般文章的主旨大意就在这里。抓住每段中的关键词语,便可以迅速把握短文的主旨以及主要信息的分布,在答题时就心中有数了。
三、信息归纳题
该类题目要求考生能在短文中找到题目所涉及的事实性细节,并能适当进行归纳表达。在找到相关细节信息之后,有时可照搬原文信息轻松作答,有时还要对事实性信息进行适当整理。解答信息归纳题时,一方面要在对全文理解的基础上采取寻读策略,找到相应的原文信息;
另一方面要使用词语的恰当词性。很多学生在考试时就没有注意到词性的要求。因此,做这类题要回答全面,也要表述正确。
四、开放性问答题
此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。
翻译板块
一．汉译英
考查点有：①五大基本句型；②含动词短语；③特殊句型类（如there be句型、祈使句）；④状语从句；⑤含固定搭配。因此，考生在做题时，可参考以下步骤：
1. 辨结构：首先分析句子结构，判断该句的考查点：
①五大基本句型：如果该句中只有一个主语和谓语，那么该句为简单句，即句子的结构可以为：主+谓+宾/主+系+表（+其它）；
②含动词短语：根据汉语意思可以确定应使用哪些动词短语。如：句中出现“放弃”，则应使用动词短语“give up”，出现“交朋友”，应使用“make friends”； ③特殊句型类（如there be句型、祈使句）：根据汉
语意思判断应使用哪种特殊句型。如：汉语句子中出现“某处有某物”的表达，应使用there be句型，若出现“让我们做……吧”，用祈使句“let’s do sth.”；
④状语从句：判断句子是否为状语从句。若句子中出现“假如、因为、当……时候，即使”等表达，且句中有两个主语和两个谓语，则用状语从句
⑤含固定搭配（如不定式）：根据汉语意思明确要使用的固定搭配，如：句子中出现“尽力做……”，可判断应使用“try to do sth.”。
(更多动词短语、固定搭配及句型见本书32K《字词句篇记背手册》P43)
2. 译主干：翻译各部分的主干，利用“连词成句”的方法来翻译句子。连词成句时切勿遗漏连接词、修饰语等，注意英语的表达习惯以及英汉两种语言表达的差异，不要逐词翻译。
3. 核答案：包括句式结构、词汇的变化形式（如单三形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词等）、时态及语态、单词拼写、字母大小写、标点等是否正确无误。
二．英译汉
考查句式以状语从句、宾语从句为主。命题点主要有介词短语（如with the help of）、
形容词短语（如be supposed to do）、动词短语（如think about）、比较级结构（than）、动词不定式（如allow sb. to do sth.）（4年4考）、句型类（It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.）。（4年6考）考生在翻译时，可参考以下方法：
1. 分析句 子结构。①若是复合句（状语从句、宾语从句），首先找到句子主干，找出连接词，理清修饰成分；②若是简单句（五大基本句型、祈使句、感叹句等），则要注意各句式的翻译特点（如祈使句一般直接以动词开头、感叹句译为“多么……啊！”）；③若是固定句型、短语，则要熟记句型、短语的含义。
2. 注意表达通顺、符合逻辑。在翻译的过程中，应注意两种语言的差异，遵循汉语习惯，或长句变短句，或在语序上做调整等，切忌将句子译成英式汉语。此处需要考生在把英语转换为汉语的同时，具备扎实的汉语功底。
3. 核对检查。对翻译好的句子和原句进行核对，确保两者一致。注意人称、数字、日期等是否一致，是否有错别字等。
Passage A
The loveliest house that I'd ever lived in was the one that I lived in with my grandparents when I was a child. And the name of the house was Crosslands.
It seemed so huge to me as a child. It had a lovely living room with a piano in it. And there was a strange room. It was the drawing room. 我们只在周末时使用它. I used to be amazed about this room because it had the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture was wearing clothes——and it seemed to me crazy that we couldn't enjoy this beautiful furniture all the week through really.
Now, I went back to it a few years ago and it was a big mistake. They've modernized(现代化) it inside, and they've taken away that lovely furniture. And they've knocked a wall down so the drawing room and the living room have become one big room.
But I think what troubled me most about it was the feeling that the house seemed to be smaller and that my memory of this lovely large warm comfortable house had turned into an old house with modernized rooms inside it. And it taught me a lesson really that you can't go back to the past and catch it. But there's a beautiful memory there.
26．Who did the writer use to live with in the lovely house as a child
27．(汉译英)我们只在周末时使用它。
28．Did the writer think it was a mistake to go back to the house
29．How did the drawing room and the living room become one big room
30．(英译汉) And it taught me a lesson really that you can't go back to the past and catch it.
【答案】26．With the writer's grandparents.
27．We only used it on weekends.
28．Yes.
29．They knocked a wall down./By knocking a wall down.
30．这真的让我明白了你不能回到过去，也抓不住它。
本文介绍了作者最喜爱的房子——小时候和祖父母一起居住的房子，从中作者吸取了一个教训，人不能回到过去并试图抓住过去。但那里有美好的记忆。
26．根据"The loveliest house that I'd ever lived in was the one that I lived in with my grandparents when I was a child"可知，作者小时候和祖父母一起住在那个可爱的房子里。故填With the writer's grandparents.
27．we"我们"；only"只"；use"使用"；it"它"；on weekends"在周末"。根据前后句可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填We only used it on weekends.
28．根据"Now, I went back to it a few years ago and it was a big mistake"可知，作者认为回到家里是个错误。故填Yes.
29．根据"And they've knocked a wall down so the drawing room and the living room have become one big room."可知，他们把一堵墙推倒了，所以客厅和客厅成了一个大房间。故填They knocked a wall down./By knocking a wall down.
30．And表示递进；it"它"；taught me a lesson"让我明白了"；really"真正"；that无实际意义；you"你"；can't"不能"；go back to the past and catch it"回到过去抓住它"。故填：这真的让我明白了你不能回到过去，也抓不住它。
Passage B
Recently, Hunan and Hubei provinces in China experienced unusual and extreme (极端的) cold weather. Temperatures dropped below 0℃, with heavy snowfall and icy conditions. This unexpected weather caused great challenges for the people living in these areas.
Schools and businesses had to close because of the bad weather conditions. Many roads were covered in thick snow. 这使得人们旅行困难。 Public transportation (公共交通) was also
influenced, with delays (延迟) and cancellations (取消). Power outages were reported in some areas, affecting the supply of electricity to homes and businesses.
In the face of the challenges, the people of Hunan and Hubei showed perseverance (坚定不移) and unity (团结一心). Neighbors helped each other clean up snow on the roads. Social media platforms were filled with posts of kindness and support, as people came together to help those in need.
The experience let us know the importance of community spirit and helping each other. It reminded us that in times of difficulty, we can overcome challenges by working together and supporting each other.
31．What provinces in China experienced extreme cold weather recently
32．Why did schools and businesses have to close
33．将划线句子翻译成英文
34．将划线句子翻译成中文。
35．What can you learn from the extreme cold weather
【答案】31．Hunan and Hubei provinces.
32．Because of the bad weather conditions.
33．This made it difficult to travel.
34．邻居们互相帮忙打扫路面的积雪。
35．In times of difficulty, we can overcome challenges by working together and supporting each other.
文章讲述了中国湖南和湖北遭遇极端寒冷天气，人们团结一致克服困难，展现了社区精神和互助的重要性。
31．根据"Recently, Hunan and Hubei provinces in China experienced unusual and extreme (极端的) cold weather."可知，湖南和湖北省经历了极端寒冷天气。故答案为Hunan and Hubei provinces.
32．根据"Schools and businesses had to close because of the bad weather conditions."可知，由于恶劣的天气条件，学校和企业不得不关闭。故答案为Because of the bad weather conditions.
33．this"这"；make"使得"；difficult"困难的"；travel"旅行"。句子时态是一般过去时，动词make用过去式made。故答案为This made it difficult to travel.
34．Neighbors"邻居们"；helped each other"互相帮忙"；clean up snow on the roads"打扫路面的积雪"。故答案为邻居们互相帮忙打扫路面的积雪。
35．根据"The experience let us know the importance of community spirit and helping each other. It reminded us that in times of difficulty, we can overcome challenges by working together and supporting each other."可知，在困难时期，我们可以通过共同努力和相互支持来克服挑战。这是我们从极端寒冷天气中所学到的。故答案为In times of difficulty, we can overcome challenges by working together and supporting each other.
Passage C
Do you know a famous saying "Life is like a box of chocolates, and you never know what you will get. " The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind boxes are quite popular. Merchants (商家) fill the boxes with random (随机的) toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons.
The earliest blind boxes originated in Japan. It was a New Year's tradition. At that time, they called it "a lucky bag". Blind boxes were introduced to China in 2014. According to a 2019 Tmall (天猫) report, the mini-series of the Labubu blind box was sold 55, 000 in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35.
According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The cute mini-sized cartoon toys are suitable to place almost anywhere. What's more, even if blind box toys are not their top choice for decorations, the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attract people. 这就是人们一个接一个买盲盒的主要原因。
Opening a blind box is a pleasant little surprise for our daily lives. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome. In fact, although the magical mystery boxes are full of fun, we should come to a rational (理智的) decision.
36．What are filled in the blind boxes according to the article
37．Why do blind boxes become so popular
38．How should we treat buying blind boxes
39． 英汉互译 Life is like a box of chocolates, and you never know what you will get.
40．英汉互译这就是人们一个接一个买盲盒的主要原因。
【答案】36．Random toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons.
37．Because of their cute appearance and the mystery and uncertainly of the process.
38．We should come to a rational decision.
39．生活就像一块巧克力，你永远不知道你将来会得到什么。
40．It's the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.
【分析】本文介绍了盲盒玩具的起源和发展，并分析了盲盒玩具为什么受欢迎，最后号召人们理智购物。
考查任务型阅读，汉译英，英译汉，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
36．根据"Merchants(商家) fill the boxes with random(随机的) toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons."可知通常是来自电影、漫画和卡通的随机玩具。故填Random toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons.
37．根据"According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances."以及"What's more, even if blind box toys are not their top choice for decorations, the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attract people."可知是因为他们可爱的外表和过程的神秘性和不确定性。故填Because of their cute appearances and the mystery and uncertainty of the process.
38．根据"In fact, although the magical mystery boxes are full of fun, we should come to a rational(理智的) decision."可知我们应该做出理性的决定。故填We should come to a rational decision.
39．Life生活；is like就像；a box of chocolates一盒巧克力；and you你；never know永远不知道；what you will get你将会得到什么/接下来的那块是什么（味道的）。故填：生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将来会得到什么。
40．这就是It's；主要原因the main reason，接定语从句；（为什么）人们why people；买盲盒buy blind boxes；一个接一个one after another。故填It's the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.
Passage D
A kung fu teacher in Northwest China's Gansu Province is known as a "wonder woman" for her skills. Zhang Hanliang, who has practiced kung fu for over 25 years, is now a kung fu teacher at Tianshui Normal University in Gansu.
Zhang and her team have produced many kung fu videos in the past years. She exercised with swords, spears, cudgels(剑、矛、棍) and practiced tai chi in the videos. The videos have been watched about 16 million times on Bilibili. "Those online videos have attracted(吸引) so many Internet users at home and abroad. I hope that more and more people will see the charm(魅力) of Chinese kung fu," said Zhang, adding that she wanted to introduce kung fu to the public through the Internet.
Zhang's love for kung fu comes from her family. Both her grandfather and father are kung fu masters. All the children in her family learn kung fu at home from a young age. Zhang has been practicing kung fu since she was seven. After a few years of practice, Zhang's father sent her to a sports school in Gansu. She was the youngest at the school. 59. 这个刻苦的女孩每天坚持练习。
Zhang won her first sword championship in Gansu Province at 13. She later claimed titles at a national level in many other categories(种类). Now she is a first-class national athlete and a first-class national judge of kung fu.
As a kung fu teacher, Zhang has been invited to France, Russia, Malaysia and other countries many times to teach students there.
"60. Kung fu can be a bridge for cultural exchanges between China and other countries," says Zhang, hoping that more and more foreigners can understand and love kung fu.
41．Why has Zhang put kung fu videos online
42．When did Zhang start to learn kung fu
43．What do you think is a good way to introduce kung fu to foreigners
44．中译英
45．英译中
【答案】41．Because she hoped that more and more people would see the charm of Chinese kung fu and wanted to introduce kung fu to the public through the Internet.
42．Since she was seven.
43．To master kung fu and English, and then tell them something about kung fu in English.
44．This hard-working girl kept practicing every day.
45．功夫可以成为中国与其他国家之间文化交流的桥梁。
文章大意：文章主要是介绍了中国的武术。
41．根据文章第二段句子"Those online videos have attracted(吸引) so many Internet users
at home and abroad. I hope that more and more people will see the charm(魅力) of Chinese kung fu said Zhang, adding that she wanted to introduce kung fu to the public through the Internet. "可知，张希望越来越多的人看到中国功夫的魅力。故答案为： Because she hoped that more and more people would see the charm of Chinese kung fu and wanted to introduce kung fu to the public through the Internet。
42．根据文章第三段句子"Zhang has been practicing kung fu since she was seven."可知，张从七岁起就开始练习功夫。故答案为：Since she was seven。
43．开放性问题。可以回答：向外国人介绍功夫的好方法是掌握功夫和英语，然后用英语告诉他们一些功夫。故答案为：To master kung fu and English, and then tell them something about kung
fu in English。
44．这个刻苦的女孩每天坚持练习。这个，this，指示代词；刻苦的，hard-working，形容词，修饰名词。女孩，girl，可数名词；坚持做某事，keep doing sth，固定搭配；keep的过去式是kept；练习，practice，动词，此处应用动名词practicing作宾语，每天，every day。根据前面的动词"was"可知句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故答案为：This hard-working girl kept practicing every day。
45．Kung fu功夫，名词；can be能够成为，谓语动词；a bridge一座桥梁；for为，介词；cultural exchanges文化交流；between China and other countries，在中国与其他国家之间，故答案为：功夫可以成为中国与其他国家之间文化交流的桥梁。
Passage E
A 46-year-old Chinese climber reached the highest peak(山峰) in the world on May 24, 2021. 59. 他已经成为亚洲第一位、世界第三位登上珠穆朗玛峰顶峰的盲人。The brave man is Zhang Hong. He was born in Chongqing. At the age of 21, he lost his eyesight because of an eye disease(疾病).
Zhang prepared for the big day for five years. And he climbed the mountain along with three guides. “There are of course difficulties and dangers, but they are the meaning of climbing,” says Zhang. He was inspired by Erik Weihenmayer, the blind American climber who reached the top of Qomolangma in 2001. Sixteen years later, a climber from Austria became the second blind person to reach the peak.
“Erik Weihenmayer inspired me to have such a dream. Now it has come true. There are so
many other people like me around the world. I hope what I've done can be an inspiration for them, too,” Zhang says. “As long as you have a strong mind, it doesn't matter whether you're disabled or not. 60.Even if others think it impossible for you to achieve your dream, all you need to do is believe in yourself and stick to it. You'll finally make it.”
For Zhang, this success is not the end but just a start. He has decided to take on new challenges. He is going to climb the highest peaks on all seven continents(洲) and then travel to the North and South Poles.
56.When did Zhang Hong reach the top of Qomolangma
57.According to Zhang, what does a person need to do to achieve his or her dream
58.What do you think of the first blind Asian climber
59.将画线句翻译成英文。
60.将画线句翻译成中文。
参考答案：
本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了一个失明的登山者成功登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事。
56.On May 24, 2021. 根据第一段第一句可知,张洪登上珠穆朗玛峰的时间是2021年5月24日。
57.Believe in himself or herself and stick to the dream. 根据第三段“all you need to do is believe in yourself and stick to it”可知,张洪认为人只要相信自己并且坚持下去,最终会实现梦想。
58.He is brave./He is positive./He is determined./He is strong-minded. 本题为开放性试题,回答言之有理即可。根据文章大意可知,张洪作为第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的亚洲盲人,拥有梦想并且努力坚持,因此描述他应当使用积极词汇。
59. He has become the first blind person in Asia and the third in the world to reach the top of Qomolangma.
60. 即使别人认为你不可能实现你的梦想，你需要做的就是相信自己并坚持下去。
Passage F
What did you do for the earth on the World Environment Day which falls on June 5th this year Did you try to help protect the environment
Su Yige, a vlogger(视频博主) on Bilibili, does so in her daily life. Su always takes her own bag when she goes shopping. She always gets what she wants from second-hand stores. And when
she accidentally gets her clothes dirty, she takes out a handkerchief(手帕) from her handbag to wipe it off.
Su says her idea of avoiding waste partly comes from her thrifty(节俭的) family. Like her parents, Su hates to see people waste. She used to believe Westerners knew better about environmental protection. She was, then, shocked when she saw mountains of food waste being left outside of supermarkets in Canada seven years ago. She was a student at the time, but she decided to "step in" and started an environmental vlog on Bilibili. "In my videos, I share my love for old, recyclable things. And I also teach people to make natural washing powder," Su said in an interview. Her videos have received up to 95,000 likes. 59.Under her influence, many young people have reexamined their lifestyles. Ding Nan from Fujian, for example, has said goodbye to all bottled drinks and has been carrying a reusable plastic box with her wherever she goes.
Now, by exchanging tips with her fans and other environmental vloggers, Su has continued to avoid creating waste and has helped more people to be environmentally friendly. She wants people to know that a green life can be enjoyable, too, once one has been used to it.
60. 你今天会开始为地球做点什么吗—even though it is not World Environment Day
56．Why does Su always take her own bag when she goes shopping
57．What did Su do in her vlogs
58．How do you feel about people like Su Yige
59．将文章中画横线句子翻译为汉语。
60. 将文章中划线的句子翻译成英文。
参考答案：
文章大意：本文主要讲述了一位视频博主通过视频来让人们意识到要保护环境，呼吁更多的人保护环境。
56．根据"Su always takes her own bag when she goes shopping."及"Su says her idea of avoiding waste partly comes from her thrifty(节俭的) family"可知，她购物时带上自己的垃圾袋是为了避免浪费。故填To avoid waste.
57．根据"In my videos, I share my love for old, recyclable things. And I also teach people to make natural washing powder"可知，在她的视频中，她分享了她对旧的，可回收的东西的爱。而且也教人做天然洗衣粉。故填She shared her love for old, reeyclable things and she also taught people to make natural washing powder.
58．开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案为: Great and helpful.
59. 在她的影响下，许多年轻人重新审视了自己的生活方式。
60. Will you start to do something for the earth today押第56-60题 知识运用之阅读表达（湖南省卷）
【题型概述】
分析湖南近3年各地市中考英语真题可知,回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200-260词，一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题，其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多，少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。2024湖南新中考省卷模式为3个阅读表答题加2个翻译题。
【阅读策略】
此类题型不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求考生能够用自己的语言简要地回答有关问题;既考查考生的阅读理解能力，也考查考生的英语表达能力和概括能力。另外，对考生的拼写能力、语法掌握能力也提出了一定的要求,再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言,加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩,好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。本题型答题应注意以下五点:
一、在答题前，先快速浏览短文之后的问题。以便于在阅读的时候，有意识地留意文中出现的与问题有关的信息。
二、认真细读全文及所给图表，了解短文及图表中的细节内容，包括人物、时间、地点、内容、原因、数量、结果及图片各个要素之间的关系等,即who,when,where,what,why,
how many,how 等基本要素信息,并作出不同的标记，以备答题时一目了然，提高答题速度和效率。
三、仔细阅读问题，在理解题意的基础上，从文中或图片中提取所需要的信息进行逐一回答，此时一定要注意图片之间的内在联系，读懂图片以后，再认真组织语言，注意书写的清晰度与准确性，注意语言表达的逻辑性和严密性。
四、对于具有归纳与总结性的问题，需要对所给图文中的信息材料进行甄别与筛选，综合相关信息进行必要的转换、归纳和概括。
五、对于开放性试题，考生一定要读懂题意，搞清楚问什么，有几个问题，防止遗漏。此类试题一般都和文章的话题相关，对于考生来说并不陌生。重要的是要注意回答问题的
人称和时态等。比如问过去的事情用一般过去时，表达自己或他人对某事的观点用一般现在时;人称上尤其要注意第三人称单数形式。
要求考生读完一篇文章后,根据文中相关内容,完成相关的填空题。这种阅读在形式上灵活多样,内容上丰富多彩,并联系实际,强调主观表述,旨在考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力,快速获取信息的能力,也考查考生组织信息和表达信息的能力。
Passage A（2023湖南岳阳卷）
Days pass by, it seems that daily life will become boring if nothing unexpected happens in our lives. The sense of ceremony (仪式感) from special days keeps our feelings fresh and increases expectations of life.
Mrs Li has two children Li Xin is her 15-year-old daughter. Li Lei is Li Xin’s brother. He’s older than Li Xin.
A new semester (学期) should begin with a sense of ceremony. On the first day of new term, Li Xin sat in front of the TV and watched the First Class, an educational program of CCTV. The First Class encouraged her to study hard and be a useful person.
Another exciting thing to bring her the sense of ceremony is flag-raising ceremony. On Monday morning, students were dressed in school uniforms and stood in a neat (整齐) line on the playground quietly. While Li Xin was singing along with the national anthem (国歌) and watching the rising flag, the sense of national pride and love for the country came into her heart.
Li Xin will leave junior high school this year. She expects the moving moment of graduation ceremony. She will never forget the important people in her life who helped and supported her—her parents, her teachers and her friends. She will consider what they’ve done for her and hope that they will be proud of her in the future.
As for Li Lei, he can’t wait to grow up, as he can make his own decisions. He always asks a question, “At what age do I really become an adult ” In China, the 18th birthday is a very important event for young people because they can vote (投票) and learn to drive a car, so Mrs Li regards Li Lei’s birthday as a most important event. She will have a big birthday party for her son. Li Lei realizes no matter how old he is, becoming an adult is really about learning how to be independent and responsible.
Every moment to record a meaningful event brings a sense of ceremony and makes our lives colorful.
36. How old is Li Xin
37. What did the First Class encourage Li Xin to do
38. When did Li Xin take part in the flag-raising ceremony
39. Who helped Li Xin during her junior high school
40. Can Li Lei vote and learn to drive a car at the age of 18
Passage B（2022湖南常德卷）
As the saying goes, “1. Do well and have well.” Liz’s life was changed forever that year. It all started with her kindness towards two strangers. One early morning, they walked into the diner where she worked.
Tim and Paul stepped into the 130 Diner for breakfast after they fought a terrible fire for 12 hours. 2. 当付餐费的时候, 他们很惊讶。 The young waitress had paid their bill, leaving a sweet message on their bill instead, “Your meal is on me today. Thank you for serving people and running into the places everyone runs away from.”
Touched, the two firefighters shared her kind action on social media. It spread quickly. And later they found out the true story of the waitress who had paid for their meal. Liz Woodward had been trying to make a living. Her father was paraplegic (瘫痪的) because of a brain illness. 3. 他们决定帮助这位女士。They set up a campaign (运动) to raise $ 10,000 for a wheelchair-accessible car for her father. The donations, however, did not stop when the campaign ended. After hearing of her kindness, Mobility Ventures, the wheelchair-accessible cars producers, refused to take the money. 4. Instead, they gave the family a car for free as a Christmas gift.
Liz was so grateful to the two firefighters and many strangers who have reached out to help her, saying, “5. All the kindness is really unbelievable! I hope this brings hope to other people in
similar situations.”
一、细节理解题
细节理解题是原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。这类题在原文中可直接找到答案,常用一般疑问句、选择疑问句以及由who, what, where, when, why和how等引导的特殊疑问句来提问。
二、主旨大意题
此类问题主要考查学生概括文章主旨或段落大意的能力,其主要目的是培养学生归纳主要信息的能力。由于文章的主旨大意通常会出现在首尾段或段落的首尾句,所以回答此类型题一般采用略读法。略读时要特别注意短文的首段、首句或末句,一般文章的主旨大意就在这里。抓住每段中的关键词语,便可以迅速把握短文的主旨以及主要信息的分布,在答题时就心中有数了。
三、信息归纳题
该类题目要求考生能在短文中找到题目所涉及的事实性细节,并能适当进行归纳表达。在找到相关细节信息之后,有时可照搬原文信息轻松作答,有时还要对事实性信息进行适当整理。解答信息归纳题时,一方面要在对全文理解的基础上采取寻读策略,找到相应的原文信息;另一方面要使用词语的恰当词性。很多学生在考试时就没有注意到词性的要求。因此,做这类题要回答全面,也要表述正确。
四、开放性问答题
此类题目是要求考生针对短文中所出现的话题发表个人观点和见解。它没有标准答案,需要考生根据自己的理解和想象答题。但考生的三观要符合主流意识形态,陈述理由时不能脱离原文的背景。
翻译板块
一．汉译英
考查点有：①五大基本句型；②含动词短语；③特殊句型类（如there be句型、祈使句）；④状语从句；⑤含固定搭配。因此，考生在做题时，可参考以下步骤：
1. 辨结构：首先分析句子结构，判断该句的考查点：
①五大基本句型：如果该句中只有一个主语和谓语，那么该句为简单句，即句子的结构可以为：主+谓+宾/主+系+表（+其它）；
②含动词短语：根据汉语意思可以确定应使用哪些动词短语。如：句中出现“放弃”，则应使用动词短语“give up”，出现“交朋友”，应使用“make friends”； ③特殊句型类（如there be句型、祈使句）：根据汉
语意思判断应使用哪种特殊句型。如：汉语句子中出现“某处有某物”的表达，应使用there be句型，若出现“让我们做……吧”，用祈使句“let’s do sth.”；
④状语从句：判断句子是否为状语从句。若句子中出现“假如、因为、当……时候，即使”等表达，且句中有两个主语和两个谓语，则用状语从句
⑤含固定搭配（如不定式）：根据汉语意思明确要使用的固定搭配，如：句子中出现“尽力做……”，可判断应使用“try to do sth.”。
(更多动词短语、固定搭配及句型见本书32K《字词句篇记背手册》P43)
2. 译主干：翻译各部分的主干，利用“连词成句”的方法来翻译句子。连词成句时切勿遗漏连接词、修饰语等，注意英语的表达习惯以及英汉两种语言表达的差异，不要逐词翻译。
3. 核答案：包括句式结构、词汇的变化形式（如单三形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词等）、时态及语态、单词拼写、字母大小写、标点等是否正确无误。
二．英译汉
考查句式以状语从句、宾语从句为主。命题点主要有介词短语（如with the help of）、形容词短语（如be supposed to do）、动词短语（如think about）、比较级结构（than）、动词不定式（如allow sb. to do sth.）（4年4考）、句型类（It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.）。（4年6考）考生在翻译时，可参考以下方法：
1. 分析句 子结构。①若是复合句（状语从句、宾语从句），首先找到句子主干，找出连接词，理清修饰成分；②若是简单句（五大基本句型、祈使句、感叹句等），则要注意各句式的翻译特点（如祈使句一般直接以动词开头、感叹句译为“多么……啊！”）；③若是固定句型、短语，则要熟记句型、短语的含义。
2. 注意表达通顺、符合逻辑。在翻译的过程中，应注意两种语言的差异，遵循汉语习惯，或长句变短句，或在语序上做调整等，切忌将句子译成英式汉语。此处需要考生在把英语转换为汉语的同时，具备扎实的汉语功底。
3. 核对检查。对翻译好的句子和原句进行核对，确保两者一致。注意人称、数字、日期等是否一致，是否有错别字等。
Passage A
The loveliest house that I'd ever lived in was the one that I lived in with my grandparents when I was a child. And the name of the house was Crosslands.
It seemed so huge to me as a child. It had a lovely living room with a piano in it. And there was a strange room. It was the drawing room. 我们只在周末时使用它. I used to be amazed about this room because it had the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture was wearing clothes——and it seemed to me crazy that we couldn't enjoy this beautiful furniture all the week through really.
Now, I went back to it a few years ago and it was a big mistake. They've modernized(现代化) it inside, and they've taken away that lovely furniture. And they've knocked a wall down so the drawing room and the living room have become one big room.
But I think what troubled me most about it was the feeling that the house seemed to be smaller and that my memory of this lovely large warm comfortable house had turned into an old house with modernized rooms inside it. And it taught me a lesson really that you can't go back to the past and catch it. But there's a beautiful memory there.
26．Who did the writer use to live with in the lovely house as a child
27．(汉译英)我们只在周末时使用它。
28．Did the writer think it was a mistake to go back to the house
29．How did the drawing room and the living room become one big room
30．(英译汉) And it taught me a lesson really that you can't go back to the past and catch it.
Passage B
Recently, Hunan and Hubei provinces in China experienced unusual and extreme (极端的) cold weather. Temperatures dropped below 0℃, with heavy snowfall and icy conditions. This unexpected weather caused great challenges for the people living in these areas.
Schools and businesses had to close because of the bad weather conditions. Many roads were covered in thick snow. 这使得人们旅行困难。 Public transportation (公共交通) was also influenced, with delays (延迟) and cancellations (取消). Power outages were reported in some areas, affecting the supply of electricity to homes and businesses.
In the face of the challenges, the people of Hunan and Hubei showed perseverance (坚定不移) and unity (团结一心). Neighbors helped each other clean up snow on the roads. Social media platforms were filled with posts of kindness and support, as people came together to help those in need.
The experience let us know the importance of community spirit and helping each other. It reminded us that in times of difficulty, we can overcome challenges by working together and supporting each other.
31．What provinces in China experienced extreme cold weather recently
32．Why did schools and businesses have to close
33．将划线句子翻译成英文
34．将划线句子翻译成中文。
35．What can you learn from the extreme cold weather
Passage C
Do you know a famous saying "Life is like a box of chocolates, and you never know what you will get. " The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind boxes are quite popular. Merchants (商家) fill the boxes with random (随机的) toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons.
The earliest blind boxes originated in Japan. It was a New Year's tradition. At that time, they called it "a lucky bag". Blind boxes were introduced to China in 2014. According to a 2019 Tmall (天猫) report, the mini-series of the Labubu blind box was sold 55, 000 in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35.
According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The cute mini-sized cartoon toys are suitable to place almost anywhere. What's more, even if blind box toys are not their top choice for decorations, the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attract people. 这就是人们一个接一个买盲盒的主要原因。
Opening a blind box is a pleasant little surprise for our daily lives. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome. In fact, although the magical mystery boxes are full of fun, we should come to a rational (理智的) decision.
36．What are filled in the blind boxes according to the article
37．Why do blind boxes become so popular
38．How should we treat buying blind boxes
39． 英汉互译 Life is like a box of chocolates, and you never know what you will get.
40．英汉互译这就是人们一个接一个买盲盒的主要原因。
Passage D
A kung fu teacher in Northwest China's Gansu Province is known as a "wonder woman" for her skills. Zhang Hanliang, who has practiced kung fu for over 25 years, is now a kung fu teacher at Tianshui Normal University in Gansu.
Zhang and her team have produced many kung fu videos in the past years. She exercised with swords, spears, cudgels(剑、矛、棍) and practiced tai chi in the videos. The videos have been watched about 16 million times on Bilibili. "Those online videos have attracted(吸引) so many Internet users at home and abroad. I hope that more and more people will see the charm(魅力) of Chinese kung fu," said Zhang, adding that she wanted to introduce kung fu to the public through the Internet.
Zhang's love for kung fu comes from her family. Both her grandfather and father are kung fu masters. All the children in her family learn kung fu at home from a young age. Zhang has been practicing kung fu since she was seven. After a few years of practice, Zhang's father sent her to a sports school in Gansu. She was the youngest at the school. 59. 这个刻苦的女孩每天坚持练习。
Zhang won her first sword championship in Gansu Province at 13. She later claimed titles at a national level in many other categories(种类). Now she is a first-class national athlete and a first-class national judge of kung fu.
As a kung fu teacher, Zhang has been invited to France, Russia, Malaysia and other countries many times to teach students there.
"60. Kung fu can be a bridge for cultural exchanges between China and other countries," says Zhang, hoping that more and more foreigners can understand and love kung fu.
41．Why has Zhang put kung fu videos online
42．When did Zhang start to learn kung fu
43．What do you think is a good way to introduce kung fu to foreigners
44．中译英
45．英译中
【答案】41．Because she hoped that more and more people would see the charm of Chinese kung fu and wanted to introduce kung fu to the public through the Internet.
42．Since she was seven.
43．To master kung fu and English, and then tell them something about kung fu in English.
44．This hard-working girl kept practicing every day.
45．功夫可以成为中国与其他国家之间文化交流的桥梁。
Passage E
A 46-year-old Chinese climber reached the highest peak(山峰) in the world on May 24, 2021. 59. 他已经成为亚洲第一位、世界第三位登上珠穆朗玛峰顶峰的盲人。The brave man is Zhang Hong. He was born in Chongqing. At the age of 21, he lost his eyesight because of an eye disease(疾病).
Zhang prepared for the big day for five years. And he climbed the mountain along with three guides. “There are of course difficulties and dangers, but they are the meaning of climbing,” says Zhang. He was inspired by Erik Weihenmayer, the blind American climber who reached the top of Qomolangma in 2001. Sixteen years later, a climber from Austria became the second blind person to reach the peak.
“Erik Weihenmayer inspired me to have such a dream. Now it has come true. There are so many other people like me around the world. I hope what I've done can be an inspiration for them, too,” Zhang says. “As long as you have a strong mind, it doesn't matter whether you're disabled or not. 60.Even if others think it impossible for you to achieve your dream, all you need to do is believe in yourself and stick to it. You'll finally make it.”
For Zhang, this success is not the end but just a start. He has decided to take on new challenges. He is going to climb the highest peaks on all seven continents(洲) and then travel to the North and South Poles.
56.When did Zhang Hong reach the top of Qomolangma
57.According to Zhang, what does a person need to do to achieve his or her dream
58.What do you think of the first blind Asian climber
59.将画线句翻译成英文。
60.将画线句翻译成中文。
Passage F
What did you do for the earth on the World Environment Day which falls on June 5th this year Did you try to help protect the environment
Su Yige, a vlogger(视频博主) on Bilibili, does so in her daily life. Su always takes her own bag when she goes shopping. She always gets what she wants from second-hand stores. And when she accidentally gets her clothes dirty, she takes out a handkerchief(手帕) from her handbag to wipe it off.
Su says her idea of avoiding waste partly comes from her thrifty(节俭的) family. Like her parents, Su hates to see people waste. She used to believe Westerners knew better about environmental protection. She was, then, shocked when she saw mountains of food waste being left outside of supermarkets in Canada seven years ago. She was a student at the time, but she decided to "step in" and started an environmental vlog on Bilibili. "In my videos, I share my love for old, recyclable things. And I also teach people to make natural washing powder," Su said in an interview. Her videos have received up to 95,000 likes. 59.Under her influence, many young people have reexamined their lifestyles. Ding Nan from Fujian, for example, has said goodbye to all bottled drinks and has been carrying a reusable plastic box with her wherever she goes.
Now, by exchanging tips with her fans and other environmental vloggers, Su has continued to avoid creating waste and has helped more people to be environmentally friendly. She wants people to know that a green life can be enjoyable, too, once one has been used to it.
60. 你今天会开始为地球做点什么吗—even though it is not World Environment Day
56．Why does Su always take her own bag when she goes shopping
57．What did Su do in her vlogs
58．How do you feel about people like Su Yige
59．将文章中画横线句子翻译为汉语。
60. 将文章中划线的句子翻译成英文。
