2023-2024学年湖南省浏阳市重点校联考高三下学期期中英语测试卷（含答案）

高三英语试题卷
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.考生必须把所有的答案填写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的答案无效。
3.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案选项框涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案选项框，不要填涂和勾划无关选项。其他试题用黑色碳素笔作答，答案不要超出给定的答题框。
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)略
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A study published in the journal Nature lists some hybrid (杂种的) species that could become prevalent (盛行的) in the ocean due to climate change. Here are four of those hybrid species.
“Brolar” bears—Brown bears and polar bears
Evidence of a hybrid species born from brown bears and polar bears has been found in the United States and Canada in the past.
Known as “Polar bears” or “Pizzlies”, they have a mostly white coat, with a brownish hue and a nose that is a cross between a polar bear and a brown or grizzly bear.
They are known to be more suited to warmer temperatures than their Arctic relative, as they do not rely so heavily on sea ice for hunting.
“Narlugas” —Narwhals (独角鲸) and beluga whales (白鲸)
In 1990, a hunter in West Greenland discovered an interesting skull, which appeared to be that of a beluga whale-narwhal hybrid. It wasn’t until 2019 that DNA analysis confirmed that the creature was indeed 54% beluga from its father, and 46% narwhal from its mother.
Experts believe that the hybrid may have been grey in color and possessed a tail like a narwhal but forward flippers like those of a beluga whale.
Hybrids of harp seals and hooded seals Numerous species of Arctic seal are expected to mate (交配) to form hybrid offspring due to diminishing sea ice. This includes a hybrid of the harp seal and hooded seal, which both breed on pack ice of the North Atlantic Ocean and extend into the Arctic Ocean in summer months.
A hybrid animal, found in the Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada, was formally reported and confirmed by molecular analysis in 1997.
“Harbor-Dall” porpoise (鼠海豚) —Harbor porpoises and Dall’s porpoises
Hybrids of the harbor porpoises and the Dall’s porpoises have been found off the coast of British Columbia, Canada. Harbor porpoises are thought to be in decline due to habitat disturbance, meaning they may turn to other species to mate with.
Experts believe more harbor porpoises will move north as temperatures rise, which will further increase their chances of breeding with Dall’s porpoises.
1．What do the four listed animals have in common
A．They share the same color. B．They are born due to the polar cold.
C．Their parents come from different species. D．Sea ice is extremely important for them to hunt.
2．Which animal can’t be found in Canada
A．“Brolar” bears. B．“Narlugas”.
C．Hybrids of harp seals and hooded seals. D．“Harbor-Dall” porpoise.
3．In which section of the Internet can we find this text
A．Economy. B．Education. C．Entertainment. D．Environment.
B
Out of all fields of science, physics has a reputation for being difficult to the general public. On top of complex formulas (公式), the abstract concepts that make it up are sometimes simply hard to grasp. That’s why professor Tatiana Erukhimova works alongside the team of the Physics & Astronomy department at Texas A & M University (TAMU) to produce a series of videos showing real-world applications of physics in a fun and insightful way that has earned her fans around the world.
Not only are the explanations in every video easy to follow, but Erukhimova’s enthusiasm is what truly keeps the viewer engaged. For example, in one video, the cheerful professor explains the physics of pressure. To demonstrate how distributing weight allows seemingly fragile objects to carry heavier loads, the teacher excitedly steps on a tiny board with lightbulbs and then proceeds to replicate (复制) the experiment with eggs — until it takes an unexpected turn.
Erukhimova’s unique teaching method comes from her hope to get students interested through demonstrative classes. “You get this ‘wow factor’ and then it’s easier to find resonance (共鸣).” she said. “I like what I teach, and I try to share my excitement with them.”
Born to physicist parents, Erukhimova has had a unique attachment to the field since she was very little. “My passion for physics is just in my genes, and I cannot imagine my life without physics,” she explained. After being offered a position at Texas A & M almost 25 years ago, Erukhimova moved from Russia to Texas. Since then, she has won over both university students and casual viewers with her particular way of explaining science.
While she is aware that people may not learn a lot from watching a short video, getting them interested and curious about learning more is all worth it.
4．Why does physics seem difficult to the general public
A．It has many formulas. B．It’s boring and useless.
C．Its concepts are abstract. D．Access to educational resources is limited.
5．What makes Erukhimova’s videos popular
A．Her family background. B．Her respect for her students.
C．Her vivid language and personality. D．Her enthusiasm and teaching method.
6．What does Erukhimova hope to achieve through her demonstrative classes
A．Winning over casual viewers and fans.
B．Getting students interested in physics.
C．Sharing her excitement about physics.
D．Improving students’ academic performance.
7．What can be learned about Erukhimova
A．She has many hobbies. B．She is a famous scientist.
C．She is devoted to her job. D．She earns a very high salary.
C
In today’s digital era, social media users are increasingly coming across fake news online. This leads to the pressing issue: What causes people to fall for misinformation on the Internet
According to researchers at the Penn State College of Information Sciences and Technology, users can easily fall into an echo chamber (回声室)—a sort of virtual space where users consume only one-sided news, eventually distrusting any opposing views. “We all tend to agree with the group opinion. Hence, people naturally get together with others who hold the same opinion,” said Dongwon Lee, one of the researchers. “But if you’re not cautious, there is a high risk of falling into an echo chamber.”
To prevent this phenomenon, the researchers have crafted a novel tool, a game named ChamberBreaker, to help players resist echo chambers and reduce the rate of fake news spread. The fundamental approach employed by ChamberBreaker centers around a decision-making procedure that mirrors the creation of echo chambers. In ChamberBreaker, a player is tasked with trying to have community members fall into an echo chamber. To begin, the player is randomly assigned a situation that focuses on a health, political or environmental issue, and is presented with six pieces of news on that topic. Then, the player selects news that could cause the other members to fall into an echo chamber while at the same time maintaining their trust. If successful, the community members will fall into an echo chamber and the player will witness the resulting negative effects on the community.
After developing ChamberBreaker, researchers tested it with over 800 subjects to see if it raised awareness of echo chambers and changed news consumption behaviors. The researchers found that those who played ChamberBreaker were significantly more likely to state their intention to observe online information from more diverse perspectives and showed an increased awareness of the echo chamber phenomenon.
Ultimately, the researchers hope that their methodology can excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study related to information consumption. The application of tools like ChamberBreaker, which focuses on fostering analytical reasoning, may lead us towards a more informed online community.
8．What can be learned about an online echo chamber
A．It encourages well-judged views.
B．It gathers like-minded individuals.
C．It functions as a virtual reality platform.
D．It serves as a tool for identifying fake information.
9．What is ChamberBreaker’s core method against echo chambers
A．Assignment of situations. B．Trust-building exercises.
C．News selection strategy. D．Community impact assessment.
10．Which of the following can show ChamberBreaker’s effectiveness
A．The results of scientific testing.
B．The theoretical framework of the game.
C．The description of the game procedures.
D．The common challenges faced during gameplay.
11．What is the likely long-term effect of playing ChamberBreaker
A．Reducing news inquiry. B．Encouraging passive reading.
C．Strengthening prejudiced views. D．Enhancing critical thinking.
D
Every robot is trained in some way to do a task. By seeing what to do, robots can copy the way of doing the task. But they do so unthinkingly, perhaps relying on sensors to try to reduce collision (碰撞) risks, rather than having any understanding of why they are performing the task or where they are within physical space. It means they will often make mistakes—hitting the object in their way, for instance.
Hod Lipson and his colleagues are trying to face the challenge. They placed a robot arm in a laboratory where it was surrounded by four cameras at ground level and one camera above it. These fed video images back to a deep neural(神经的) network, a form of AI, connected to the robot that monitored its movement within the space. For 3 hours, the robot arm moved randomly and the neural network was fed information about the arm' s mechanical inputs and watched how it responded by seeing where it moved to in the space. This generated nearly 8,000 data points—and the team generated an additional 10,000 through a simulation (模拟) of the robot in a virtual version of its environment.
To test how well the AI had worked, a cloud-like diagram was generated to show where the neural network “thought” the arm should be found as it moved. It was accurate to within 1 percent, meaning if the workspace was 1 metre wide, the system correctly estimated its position to within 1 centimetre. If the neural network is considered to be part of the robot itself, this suggests the robot has the ability to visualise where it physically is at any given moment.
“To me, this is the first time in the history of robotics that a robot has been able to create a mental model of itself,” says Lipson. “It’s a small step, but it’s a sign of things to come.”
Learning about the research, Andrew Hundt at the Georgia Institute of Technology says, “There is potential for further research to lead to useful applications based on this method, but not self- perception. The computer simply matches shape and motion patterns that happen to be in the shape of a robot arm that moves.” David Cameron at the University of Sheffield, UK, also says that following a specified path to complete a goal is easily achieved by existing robots.
12．Hod Lipson’s work focuses on robots .
A．flexibility B．self-awareness
C．deep-learning ability D．error correction
13．What is the function of the neural network in the experiment
A．To process and transform neural information.
B．To study and simulate AI’s virtual environment.
C．To analyse and predict the arm’s position changes.
D．To record and output the video images of the robot.
14．As for the result of the experiment, Andrew Hundt is .
A．sympathetic B．content
C．uncertain D．disapproving
15．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To discuss a scientific concept.
B．To assess a scientific finding.
C．To introduce a science application.
D．To present a science research.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
What a comedian can teach you about managing stress
We often accept stress as part of the cost of modern life, but it really doesn’t have to be. We all know that laughter is the best medicine. 16 People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger. Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.
You can try to find a different perspective. 17 Once a friend of mine fell asleep in the middle of a class. His teacher decided to make fun of him by inviting students to applaud, wondering whether my friend would applaud along when he woke up. He did and the whole class burst outlaughing. After learning everything, he was both embarrassed and ashamed of course but after a while, my friend laughed. “If this had happened to someone else, it would have been amusing. So it’s no less funny, just because it happened to me. “
18 There’s no doubt that we all experience great stress now and then. We’ve all been personally affected, in some way. You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane (神志正常的) .
When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth. 19 Take the exact same story and change the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. 20
A．Always share a good story.
B．Why not do what comedians do
C．You can also look again and laugh.
D．But laughter does more than cheer you up.
E．Then you are able to make a simple choice.
F．In this way. you will say goodbye to stress forever.
G．If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In February 2020, Max’s friend Rick was diagnosed with cancer. Max 21 Rick during the last month of his life, thus becoming 22 of the care provided to his friend by North Devon Hospice (临终关怀医院). “The hospital took such good care of him that I wanted to do something to show my 23 ,” says Max.
Max 24 a fundraising mission in March 2020. When Max first put up a tent in the yard of his house, he was 10 years old and had just 25 his friend Rick. “Before my friend died of cancer, he gave me a tent and told me to ‘have an adventure’,” says Max.
Through a years-long campaign, he became known as “The Boy in the Tent” and 26 more than 700,000 in 2023. Such a 27 allowed the hospital to 28 around 500 patients in their own homes, helping them face the 29 of an illness like cancer.
When he recalls his 30 experiences. Max says that he won’t 31 a single thing about the past three years. It’s easy to imagine, however, the past years weren’t free of 32 for Max: from collapsed tents to keeping warm throughout storms and snowy nights.
Max faced everything with his positive attitude and goal-driven mind. “One time my tent collapsed in the wind and rain at about 10:00 pm and I 33 to put it up again,” he says. “Despite all, I never regret it. I 34 love my one-of-a-kind adventure and I believe Rick would enjoy it as well if he were 35 .”
21．A．cured B．saved C．missed D．supported
22．A．aware B．ashamed C．proud D．tired
23．A．ambition B．appreciation C．concern D．generosity
24．A．started B．delayed C．continued D．completed
25．A．found B．treated C．contacted D．lost
26．A．collected B．spent C．withdrew D．wasted
27．A．variety B．sum C．style D．theme
28．A．pick out B．turn down C．give up D．care for
29．A．history B．research C．impact D．source
30．A．traveling B．volunteering C．nursing D．camping
31．A．repeat B．change C．remember D．describe
32．A．challenges B．diseases C．repairs D．performances
33．A．hoped B．promised C．managed D．hesitated
34．A．usually B．similarly C．actually D．regularly
35．A．asleep B．present C．strong D．wealthy
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts in Tiangong space station opened a science lecture on December 9th, 2021 as they traveled around 36 Earth.
There 37 （be）a lecture and some interesting activities on that exciting day. First, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, all members of the Shenzhou XIII mission crew, greeted students, teachers and other participants as the lecture began at 3:40 pm. They then showed viewers the place 38 they live and work. The astronauts carried out experiments 39 （show）interesting physical phenomena（现象）in space, 40 （include） "disappearing buoyancy（浮力）" and a "water ball". At last, before the end of the livestreamed activities, they 41 （happy）answered questions from students. 42 （million）of primary and middle school students across China watched the 60-minute televised event, which was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class, China' s first extraterrestrial（地球大气圈外的）lecture series to make students interested 43 space science.
The manned space agency said that more lectures would 44 （hold）based on the country's manned spaceflights and would also be presented by some 45 （profession）Chinese astronauts. Such activities are intended to spread knowledge about manned spaceflights for science among young people.
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46．假设你是李华，近期你收到“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目组邀请为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，请你给节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨相关事宜，内容包括：
1. 感谢邀请;
2. 告知演讲话题并说明原因;
3. 期待回信。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Emma,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was eight years old when my family moved from Towoomba to England in 1950. My mother was suffering from a rare disease and had to take treatment in London. The day before we boarded the ship, Father sent his five-year-old red heeler (Australian cattle dog), Spider, who was loved by us all, to his friend Sandy, as Sandy was to be his guardian while we were overseas. We didn’t know how long my mother’s treatment would take or how long we would be away.
Six weeks later, an airletter arrived from Sandy, giving my father the news that Spider had run away just two weeks after we had sailed. I will always remember my father’s face as he read this news. My mother and I tried to comfort him, knowing in our hearts how useless this was.
Sandy had advertised constantly on the media. Despite many “sightings”, the dog was never found. It seemed Spider just kept running and searching for us. My father worried he would be shot or dead from starvation. But our family thought that Father held a secret hope that Spider was still alive.
We sailed back to Australia two years later and my father immediately began his own search for Spider. He repeated calls to the people who had said they had seen his dog, but it turned out to be clueless.
One cold winter’s Saturday morning, eight months after our return, my father had a call from Gin Gin, 375 kilometers from Toowoomba. An elderly lady living on her own was putting food out “for a very old yellow dog”. This had been going on for a few weeks. Immediately we set off.
Five and a half hours later, we found the old house beside the bush (灌木丛). Sadly, the lady told my father that the dog hadn’t been around for a few days. My father had an upset look in his eyes. He put two fingers to his mouth and did his special whistle for Spider.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly there was a sound in the bush.
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Once home we gently cleaned him up.
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参考答案
1．C 2．B 3．D
4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C
8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D
12．B 13．C 14．D 15．D
16．D 17．G 18．C 19．B 20．E
21．D 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．B
36．the 37．was 38．where 39．to show/showing 40．including 41．happily 42．Millions 43．in 44．be held 45．professional
46．Dear Emma,
Thank you for inviting me to do a video speech for the Culture Column of the Z Era International Youth Talk Program.
Referring to the topic, I’d like to talk about the generation gap. It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones. I will discuss the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
If you have any requirements, please contact me. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
47．Suddenly there was a sound in the bush. My father’s eyes lit up immediately. We all looked in the direction of the sound and saw a yellow dog emerge from the bush. It was Spider! He ran towards my father, wagging his tail excitedly. My father kneeled down and hugged him tightly, tears streaming down his face. It was a heartwarming reunion.
Once home we gently cleaned him up. He was thin and tired, but still recognized us. We gave him a warm bath and fed him a delicious meal. Spider lay on the floor, looking happy and content. My father sat beside him, stroking his fur and telling him how much he had missed him. It was as if nothing had changed between them. From then on, Spider became a part of our family again, bringing us endless joy and companionship.
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