Units 3-4 知识点讲义与习题 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册（含解析）

8BU3-4知识点整理
U3
1. look like 看起来像（指长相，即可指人也可指物）
look的相关短语
look forward to期待，盼望 look after照料，照顾
look out当心，小心 look at 看
look up 查阅（词典） look for寻找
look over 检查 look down on/upon轻视，瞧不起
2. agree v. 同意
agree with sb.意为“同意/ 赞成某人的意见”。
agree to do sth.意为“同意做某事”。
3. boring adj. 无聊的，枯燥的
Watching TV is boring.=It’s boring to watch TV.
bored adj. 感到无聊的
feel bored感到无聊
make sb feel bored使某人感觉无聊=make sb bored
4. use
use sth. to do sth. 意为“使用某物做某事”，相当于use sth. for doing sth.。
be used for doing sth.相当于 be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”。
for表示目的，for sth=to do sth
5. further/father
further，副词/形容词，指在距离方面“更远，较远”；也指在程度上“更进一步，更深一层”。
farther，形容词/副词，只表示距离上“更远，较远”。
6. thousands of 数以千计的
hundred, thousand, million等表示确指时（前面有具体的数字），用单数；
表泛指（前面没有数字）用复数，其后加of 。
7. so much for...到此为止，关于...就讲这么多
8. pick
pick up 捡起，接电话
pick sb. to do sth. 挑选某人做某事
9. continue v. 持续，继续
continue to do sth 继续做另一件事
continue doing sth 继续做同一件事
10. difference
make a difference 对...有影响，起作用
be different from 与...不同
be the same as 与...相同
11. without 没有，不需
①与ing形式连用，表示“不，无，没”
She entered the room without knocking.
②表条件，意为“若非，若无”
I don’t like to go to a country without knowing something of the language.
12. wonderful adj. 美妙的，精彩的
13. If you click on the“Camera”icon, you will see some pictures of the city first.
【拓展】
①如果主句是祈使句或主句中含有情态动词，从句也用一般现在时。
②条件状语从句除了用if引导外，还可以用unless，相当于if...not，表示“除非，如果不”。
14. mind
mind doing sth 介意做某事
mind one’s doing sth 介意某人做某事
15. pleasure
my pleasure意为“不客气，不用谢”，常用于对谢意客气的回答。
with pleasure 意为“没关系，乐意效劳”，用于别人请求你做某事，你很乐意去做。
16. book v. 预订，登记
book sb sth = book sth for sb 为某人预订某物
17. take
①“拿，取，携带”，后常接宾语
His mother often takes him to the bookshop.
②“乘，坐（某一交通工具）”
My father usually takes a bus to work.
③“花费时间”It takes sb some time to do sth.
It takes her twenty minutes to walk to school every day.
18. be made up of 由...组成
be made in 在...中制成（时间/地点）
be made of 由...制成（原材料看得出）
be made from 由...制成（原材料看不出）
U4
1. interested adj. 感兴趣的
be interested in doing sth 对...感兴趣
n. 兴趣
lose interest in 对…失去兴趣
show/have/take interest in 对…有兴趣
interesting作形容词，意为“令人感兴趣的”。
2. spare adj. 空闲的；多余的 v. 为….留出，匀出
in one’s spare time 在某人的空闲时间里
Please spare some time for your hobbies.
3. touch
touch sb.=move sb. 感动某人
keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系
get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系
lose touch with sb. 与某人失去联系
4. against prep. 碰，撞；倚，靠；反对，违背
be against反对，违背
5. as...as sb can/could 尽某人所能...
6. not... until… 直到…才…
7. either，too和also
1) either用于否定句,常置于句末。
If you don’t go there, I won’t, either.
2) too表示“也”,常用于肯定句或疑问句句尾。
Are you in Grade 3，too
3) also表示“也”,也常用于肯定句或疑问句,但一般位于句中(行为动词之前,be动词、情态动词、助动词之后)。
We are also students.
8. choose v. 挑选，选择
choose to do sth. 选择做某事
9. recommend v. 推荐, 介绍
recommend sb. for... 推荐某人做…
recommend sb. as... 推荐某人为…
recommend sb. to do sth. 推荐某人做某事
I’ll recommend him for the job.
10. advise v. 建议，劝告
advise sb.（not） to do sth. 建议某人（不）做某事
11. teach
teach oneself意为“自学”，相当于learn...by oneself。
teach sb.（how）to do sth. 意为“教某人（如何）做某事”。
12. return v. 归还;归来,返回
return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人=give sth. back to sb.
return to sp. 返回某地=come back to sp.
13. on time意为“按时，准时”表示做某事刚好与约定的时间一致，不早也不晚。
in time意为“及时”，表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前完成。
14. refuse v. 拒绝
refuse to do sth. 意为“拒绝做某事”。
refuse sb. sth. 意为“拒绝某人某物”。
15. success n. 成功的人或事；成功
①succeed用作不及物动词，意为“成功”， succeed in doing sth.意为“做某事成功了”。
②successful形容词，意为“成功的”。
16. translate v. 翻译
translate...into... 把…翻译成…
17. worry v. 担心
worry about意为“担心”，相当于be worried about。
18. tell
tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事
tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事
19. confidence n. 信心”
have confidence in意为“对…有信心”。
confident作形容词，意为“自信的，有信心的，有把握的”
be confident of 意为“对…充满信心”。
20. experience
①作可数名词，意为“经历”。
②作不可数名词，意为“经验”。表示做某事的经验时，其后常接in/of doing sth.。
③experience还可作及物动词，意为“体验；经历”。
④experienced形容词，意为“有经验的”。
同步练习
一、单项填空
1．My mother wants me to be _______ honest boy and _______ great person in the future．
A．an；a B．an；the C．a；a D．the：the
2．I want to have something _______．
A．drink B．to drink C．drinking D drinks
3．This skirt is _______ than that one．
A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the beautiful
4．She talked too much. How did you make her _______？
A. stop talking B．to stop talking C．stop to talk D．stopped talking
5．I have _______ money than you，but I have _______ friends than you．
A．less；fewer B more；more C．less；more D．fewer；more
6．When I read a _______ book，I often feel _______．
A bored；bored B．bored；boring
C．boring；boring D．boring；bored
7．The young man is _______ in his office。
A taller B．tallest C．the tallest D．tall
8．—What does your brother look like
—_______．
A．He is fine，thank you B．He is doing his homework now
C．He is tall and thin D．He is a famous doctor
9．—Would you like some more cakes
—_________．I’m full now．
A．No，thanks B．Yes，thank you
C．I’d love to D．Yes，please
10. May sings well．She has a good _______．
A．noise B．voice C. sound D. shout
11. The busier he is，the ________ he feels．
A．happily B．happy C．happier D．more happy
12. Now telephones are very popular and they are much ______ than before.
A．cheap B. cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest
13. Tom，please help _______ to some chicken.
A．you B. your C. yourself D．yourselves
14. He is one of _______ of all．
A．young boy B．the youngest boys
C．the youngest boy D．younger boy
15. The doctor worked for _______．
A．two more hours B．two another hour
C．more two hour D．another two hour
二、阅读理解
A
Four girls went to school together every day by taxi.
One day one of the girls said, “There is a test this morning, let’s get to school late. Then we can miss the test. ”
“What can we say to the teacher ” One of the girls said. “He’ll be angry. We’ll need a good reason. ”The girl thought for several minutes, then one of them said, “Let’s tell them that our taxi had a flat tyre（轮胎扁了）.”
“That’s a good idea,” the other girl said. “We’ll tell him that.” They reached school an hour later. The test was already finished.
“Why are you late ” The teacher asked. “You missed the test.”
“Our taxi had a flat tyre.” One of the girls said.
The teacher thought for a moment, then he said, “Sit down, one of you in each corner of the room.” The four girls did that.
Then the teacher said, “Write on a piece of paper the answer to this question: Which tyre was flat ”
1. The four girls went to school _________.
A. by car B. by taxi C. on foot D. by bus
2. — Why did the four girls want to go to school late.
— Because there was ______________.
A. a test B. a party C. a sports meeting D. a class
3. The excuse(借口) that they didn’t want to get to school on time is that ________.
A. they were sick B. their bikes were stolen
C. their taxi had a flat tyre D. the traffic jam
4. When they got to school, the test _________.
A. was finished B. didn’t begin
C. was going on D. was canceled
5. Then the teacher let them tell him ___________.
A. which tyre was flat B. where they went
C. who thought out the idea D. when they arrived
B
The Right Electric Bike for You
The bicycle fever is back, but this time it has gone electric. According to NPD Group which tracks the bicycle industry, electric bike sales have more than doubled since 2019. And their popularity is still on the rise. Confirm your need and pick the electric bike that’s best for you.
1. Which magazine is this text probably taken from
A. Techlife News. B. Strength & Fitness. C. How It Works. D. Customer Reports.
2. Which is most suitable for someone who wants to challenge long-distance tours
A. Swagtron EB5. B. Specialized Turbo. C. RadWagon 4. D. Ancheer EM.
3. What can we learn about the electric bikes
A. Designs of electric bikes are based on travel purposes.
B. Electric bikes are more popular than common bikes.
C. Riders of these electric bikes put speed in the first place.
D. The trend of electric bikes replacing cars can’t be prevented.
一、单项填空
【答案】A。
【解析】honest以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；great以辅音音素开头，其前用a。
2．【答案】B。
【解析】have st. to do是固定结构。不定式结构在此作后置定语修饰something。
3．【答案】B。
【解析】多音节形容词的比较级由“more+形容词”构成。
4．【答案】A。
【解析】make sb．do sth．意为“使／让某人做某事”。stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”，而stop to do sth．意为“停下来去做某事”，而本句的句意应为“停止说话”，故选A。
5．【答案】C。
【解析】money是不可数名词，比较级要用less，由but可知下句表示转折，故应填more。
6.【答案】D。
【解析】boring意为“令人厌烦的，枯燥的”，修饰或描述事物；bored意为“感到厌烦的无聊的”，修饰或描述人。
【答案】C。
【解析】在办公室范围内比较，用最高级，形容词最高级前有定冠词the。
8．【答案】C。
【解析】what does／do／did+主语+look like 常用来对人的相貌进行提问，四个选项中只有
C项tall and thin是对外貌进行描述，故选C。
【答案】A。
【解析】回绝别人提供的帮助或物品时用“No，thanks”。
10．【答案】B。
【解析】noise"噪音”；voice“桑音”；sound“声音”，指自然界的一切声音；shout “叫喊”。
由前句句意“梅唱歌很好”可推知，她嗓音很好，故选B。
【答案】C。
【解析】“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”结构意为“越……越……”故选C。
12．【答案】B。
【解析】由句中than及修饰词much可知，应填比较级cheaper。
13．【答案】C。
【解析】 help oneself to sth．意为“随便吃／喝……”。句中Tom是单数，故oneself用yourself。
14．【答案】B。
【解析】 “one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”意为“最……的……之一”。
15．【答案】A。
【解析】“数词十more+名词”与“another+数词+名词”都表示“另外……”。
二、阅读理解
A
【答案】B。
【解析】根据文章第一句可知答案。
2. 【答案】A。
【解析】根据“Then we can miss the test.”可知答案。
3. 【答案】C。
【解析】根据“Our taxi had a flat tyre.”可知答案。
4. 【答案】A。
【解析】根据“You missed the test.”可知答案。
5. 【答案】A。
【解析】根据“Which tyre was flat ”可知答案。
B
【答案】D。
推理判断题。根据首段中“According to NPD Group which tracks the bicycle industry, electric bike sales have more than doubled since2019.”可知，电动自行车的销量翻番，由此可推断,本文很可能是来自一份消费报告。故选D。
2. 【答案】B。
细节理解题。根据介绍Specialized Turbo 内容中的“makes it possible to cover longer distances”以及“Riders who are eager for more challenging cycling or want to extend the riding distance.”可知，这款电动自行车适合挑战长途旅行的骑手。故选B。
3. 【答案】A。
推理判断题。根据首段中最后一句话以及表格中“WHAT'S IT FOR ”可推断，电动自行车是基于出行目的设计的。故选A。