Unit 2 Great people知识点+练习（含解析）牛津译林版九年级英语下册

Unit 2 Great people
hear of … 听说= hear about
hear from 收到......的来信
invent vt. 发明
inventor n. 发明家，发明者
invention n. 发明物，创意
serve vi. & vt. 服役; 服务, 招待
service n. 服役; 服务
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
spin— spun—spun vi. & vt. 旋转
out of control 失去控制, 不受操纵
under control 被控制住; 情绪良好
be/ become the first person (man/woman) to do sth. 成为第一个做某事的人
together with用作介词，意为“与……一起”“连同……”, 相当于as well as, 可以放在句首或句尾, 也可放在主语后, 但谓语动词形式要与主语保持一致。
pride n. 骄傲; 可引以为豪的人(或物)
take a pride in … 对……感到自豪
proud adj. 骄傲的, 自豪的
be proud of … 对……感到自豪
marry意为“嫁；娶；与……结婚”。
marry作不及物动词，意为“结婚” ，如：
She didn’t marry until she was over fifty. 她直到过了五十岁才结婚。
marry作及物动词，表示“与……结婚”，此时marry后直接跟宾语，如：
Joe is going to marry Jane.
乔将要和简结婚。
marry是短暂性动词，当它与表示时间段的状语连用时，常用be married表示已婚状态。例如：
They’ve been married for eight years.
他们结婚已经有八年了。
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
make a contribution to sth. / doing sth. 为……作出贡献
increase vt. 增加
increase by … 增加了……
increase to … 增加到……
时态对比
一般现在时和现在进行时的对比
时态 用法 特征词
一般现在时 1. 经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 2. 表示事先安排好的事情。 always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, every day…
现在进行时 1. 表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。 2. 表示事先安排好的即将发生的动作。 at the moment, today, now, right now, Listen! Look!
This month, they are preparing for the exam.
这个月他们正在准备考试。
一般过去时和过去进行时的对比
时态 用法 常用特征词
一般过去时 1. 过去发生或过去经常发生的动作。 2. 过去存在的状态。 yesterday, two years ago, last week, the other day, in 1999
过去进行时 1. 表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作 2. 过去同一时间里同时发生的两个动作。 3. 过去一个时间段内持续发生的动作。 at this time yesterday, from… to… , last night…
She was reading while her mother was talking on the phone.
当她妈妈在打电话时，她在看书。
一般过去时和现在完成时的对比
时态 用法 注意
一般过去时 只强调过去的动作或状态，不与现在发生联系 时态状语是过去的，yesterday, in 1998等。
现在完成时 1. 强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。 2. 强调过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。 3. 强调过去某动作到现在已经发生多少次。 1. already, yet, ever, just, recently… 2. 在肯定句中与“since +过去点时间、for +段时间”连用时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
3. Durative and non-durative verbs
非延续性动词 延续性动词
buy have
open keep
close be open
begin/ start be on
come be here
go be there
finish be over
die be dead
join be in…/be a member of
get married been married
I lived in Sunshine Town three years ago.
（一般过去时不强调现在的情况）
我三年前住在阳光镇。
He has lived in Sunshine Town since he was born.
（表示他现在还住在阳光镇）
他自出生就生活在阳光镇。
The film has started for over ten minutes. （误）
The film has been on for over ten minutes. （正）
（与for, since等表示从过去到现在的时间段连用时，肯定句中要用延续性动词）
电影已经开始十多分钟了。
同步练习
一、单项选择
1. ________ Wuxi you see today is quite ________ different city from the one that it used to be.
A. The; / B. /; the C. The; a D. A; a
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：你今天看到的无锡与过去的大不相同。
考查冠词用法。根据语境可知，第一空“特指”今天看到的无锡，第二空“泛指”一个大不相同的城市，所以第一空要填定冠词the，第二空要填不定冠词a。故选C。
2. This spring has come earlier than usual, more than 10 days and even 20 days earlier in provinces ________ Fujian, Jiangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan.
A. across B. including C. beyond D. through
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：今年春天比往常来得早，福建、江西、贵州和云南等省的春天提前了10多天，甚至20天。
考查介词辨析。across横穿；including包括；beyond超过；through通过。根据“provinces”及“Fujian, Jiangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan”可知是从属关系，故填“包括”符合情景。故选B。
3. India’s population is expected to pass China’s for the first time in 2023. The United Nations has reported that India’s population will reach about 1.7 billion by 2050 ________ China will fall in the next few years.
A. since B. after C. before D. while
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：印度人口有望在2023年首次超过中国。联合国报告称印度人口到2050年将达到17亿左右，而中国人口将在未来几年下降。
考查连词辨析。since自……以来；after在……以后；before在……以前；while当……的时候；然而。根据“India’s population will reach about 1.7 billion by 2050... China will fall in the next few years”可知是将印度人口与中国人口相对比，未来印度人口将上升，而中国人口将下降，对比两件事物应用连词while。故选D。
4. Gen Zers (people born from 1995 to 2009) are the most active group of people who ________ the past with the future.
A. connect B. contact C. control D. complete
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】Z世代（1995至2009年间出生的人）是最活跃的群体，他们连接着过去与未来。
考查动词辨析。connect（使）连接；contact联系；control控制；complete完成。根据“the past with the future”可知，此处指连接过去与未来，connect with“与……连接”。故选A。
5. With the local environmental protection, the salt lake in Yuncheng Shanxi has ________ a perfect place for some rare wild birds.
A. turned into B. turned out C. turned around D. turned off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：由于当地的环境保护，山西运城盐湖已经变成了一些珍稀野生鸟类的理想之地。
考查动词短语。turned into变成；turned out结果是；turned around转身；turned off关闭。根据“With the local environmental protection, the salt lake in Yuncheng Shanxi has... a perfect place”可知，此处指盐湖已经“变成”一个理想之地。故选A。
6. Although it is more than sixty years since the death of Lei Feng, the “Lei Feng spirit” is still ________, encouraging a new generation (一代人) of Chinese people.
A. lively B. live C. living D. alive
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：尽管雷锋去世已经60多年了，但“雷锋精神”仍然活着，鼓励着新一代中国人。
考查形容词辨析。lively活泼的；live活的，通常只用作定语（前置）；living活的，可用作表语或定语，通常是客观描述某人“尚在人间”或“健在”；alive活着的，主要用作表语。根据“the ‘Lei Feng spirit’ is still... ”可知“雷锋精神”还活着，在句中作表语，应用alive。故选D。
7. The “Wandering Earth” series and TV drama “Three—Body” once again brought Liu Cixin, a famous science fiction writer, to the _________ of Chinese people.
A. notice B. interest C. attention D. attraction
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：《流浪地球》系列和电视剧《三体》再次引起了中国人民对著名科幻作家刘慈欣注意。
考查名词辨析。notice通知；interest兴趣；attention注意力；attraction吸引力。根据“to the…of Chinese people”可知此处指的是中国人民的注意，应填attention。故选C。
8. —Do Indian people speak English
—Not exactly! They ________ speak Hindi, but their second language is English.
A. specially B. simply C. mainly D. most
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——印度人说英语吗？——不全是！他们主要说印地语，但他们的第二语言是英语。
考查副词辨析。specially特别地；simply简单地；mainly主要地；most最多。根据“Do Indian people speak English ”及答句“They…speak Hindi, but their second language is English”可知此处填“主要地”符合情景，故选C。
9. —Great! My favourite athlete Xu Mengtao was chosen as one of the top ten people Touching China in 2022.
— Her experience of winning the gold medal at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics after 16 years of hard work tells us that _________ is impossible and just do it.
A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——太棒了！我最喜欢的运动员徐梦桃被选为2022年感动中国的十大人物之一。——她经过十六年的努力，在2022年北京冬奥会上夺得金牌的经历告诉我们，没有什么是不可能的，只要去做就行。
考查复合不定代词。everything每件事；nothing没有什么；something某事；anything任何事物。根据句意可知，谈话双方是在谈论徐梦桃经过多年努力获得冬奥会金牌和被选为感动中国的十大人物之一的事情，所以从她的经历可知，没有什么是不可能的。故选B。
10. —Shenzhou XV was successfully sent into space! Do you know _________
—Let’s search on the Internet for it!
A. when did Shenzhou XV enter China Space Station
B. that Deng Qingming will enter China Space Station
C. how soon will Deng Qingming enter the Earth
D. how long Deng Qingming will stay in the space station this time
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——神舟十五号成功进入太空！你知道邓清明这次会在空间站呆多久吗？——让我们在网上搜索一下！
考查宾语从句。作为宾语从句，用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，排除AC两项，根据“Shenzhou XV was successfully sent into space!”可知，神舟十五号成功进入太空了，因此排除B项，故选D。
11. —_________ I take a mobile phone with me for our spring outing to Sunac Land
—Unless you’re allowed.
A. Should B. May C. Must D. Will
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我可以带一部手机去融创乐园春游吗？——除非你被允许。
考查情态动词。Should应该；May可以；Must 必须；Will将会。根据“Unless you’re allowed.”可知此处表请求，应用May提问。故选B。
12. This year’s Dangkou Folk Music Festival will be covered live this weekend, attracting ______ tourists.
A. a huge army of B. a great deal of C. the number of D. a plenty of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：今年的荡口民间音乐节将于本周末进行现场直播，吸引了大批游客。
考查短语辨析。a huge army of一大群，修饰复数名词；a great deal of大量的，修饰不可数名词；the number of……的数量；a plenty of表达错误。由前句“This year’s Dangkou Folk Music Festival will be covered live this weekend”知，此句是说吸引大量游客，“tourists”为复数名词，应用a huge army of修饰，故选A。
13.The saying “ _________ ” tells us that you won’t be a hero if you can’t get over difficulties and achieve success.
A. He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
B. No pain, no gain.
C. Practice makes perfect.
D. A miss is as good as a mile.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：谚语“不到长城非好汉”告诉我们如果你不能克服困难并取得成功，你就不会成为英雄。
考查谚语。He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉；No pain, no gain.一分耕耘，一分收获；Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧；A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，谬以千里。根据“you won’t be a hero if you can’t get over difficulties and achieve success.”可知，不到长城非好汉更符合题意。故选A。
14. —Would you like to own a home robot
—_________. I consider the home robot a great help in my daily life.
A. What for B. So what C. Why not D. It depends
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你想拥有一个家用机器人吗？——为什么不呢？我认为家用机器人在我的日常生活是一个很好的帮手。
考查情景交际。What for为什么；So what那又怎样；Why not为什么不；It depends看情况。由“Would you like to own a home robot ”可知，是询问对方的意愿，回答应该表示拒绝和接受，又因“I consider the home robot a great help in my daily life.”可知，同意别人的说法。故选C。
二、完形填空
Did you watch the popular TV series Meet yourself during your winter vacation In the TV series, Xu Hongdou travels to a village in Yunnan province and volunteers at a local café. She gets ____15____ meals in return. Because of this hot hit, ____16____ travel—similar to Xu’s type of work—has caught more attention.
In general the ____17____ of taking such a trip is to take part in a service chance to help others, according to Wise Tour. During the trip, volunteer travelers often provide services like teaching, cooking, animal caring, and cultural activities. In ____18____ for their help, the volunteers may get free accommodation (住宿), meals and laundry (洗衣), activities, or classes.
It seems that only modern transport could make these long journeys ____19____ in recent years. However, volunteer travel started from the 1960s, when Alec Dickson and his wife Mora from the UK ____20____ Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO), an international volunteer organization.
According to Sanlian Lifeweek magazine, volunteer projects in the ____21____ are now attracting more visitors from the city to relax from the fast and stressful life. Yang Yan, a pioneer of a volunteer platform (平台), told the magazine that there has been a rapid ____22____ in the number of tourists from the city to volunteer in village areas.
People try volunteer travel for several reasons. By working voluntarily while traveling, travelers may make a ____23____ to the world. The volunteers provide services through charities with lower costs for the communities they serve. Another ____24____ of volunteer travel is that it helps tourists from the city to get a taste of country life. In this way, travelers can relax from their busy lives, while country communities also develop by receiving more customers for local tourism industries.
15. A. free B. delicious C. big D. light
16. A. business B. volunteer C. group D. national
17. A. cause B. result C. purpose D. way
18. A. time B. exchange C. preparation D. answer
19. A. impossible B. hard C. easy D. possible
20. A. set up B. open up C. put up D. pick up
21. A. mountain B. desert C. countryside D. city
22. A. change B. development C. influence D. increase
23. A. decision B. difference C. promise D. plan
24. A. advantage B. disadvantage C. reason D. truth
【答案】15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲解志愿者旅行的方式。
【15题详解】
句意：作为回报，她可以得到免费的饭菜。
free免费；delicious美味的；big大的；light轻的。根据“in return”可知指的是免费的饭菜作为回报。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：由于这一热门话题，类似于许红豆的工作类型的志愿者旅行受到了更多关注。
business商业；volunteer志愿者；group团体；national国家的。根据“Xu Hongdou travels to a village in Yunnan province and volunteers at a local café.”及“similar to Xu’s type of work”可知此处指的是志愿者。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：据Wise Tour介绍，一般来说，参加这样一次旅行的目的是参加一次帮助他人的服务机会。
cause原因；result结果；purpose目的；way方式。根据“to take part in a service chance to help others”可知此处是不定式表目的，故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：作为对他们帮助的交换，志愿者可以获得免费住宿、膳食和洗衣、活动或课程。
time时间；exchange交换；preparation准备；answer回答。根据“the volunteers may get free accommodation (住宿), meals and laundry (洗衣), activities, or classes”可知这是志愿者帮忙后可获得的东西，空处应填“交换”合理。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：近年来，似乎只有现代交通才能使这些长途旅行成为可能。
impossible不可能的；hard困难的；easy简单的；possible可能的。根据“It seems that only modern transport could make these long journeys”及语境可知，只有现代交通才能使这些长途旅行成为可能，故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：然而，志愿者旅行始于20世纪60年代，当时来自英国的亚历克·迪克森和他的妻子莫拉成立了海外志愿服务组织（VSO），这是一个国际志愿者组织。
set up建立；open up开放；put up张贴；pick up拾取。根据“Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO), an international volunteer organization.”可知这是一个组织，应是成立了组织，故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：据《三联生活周刊》杂志报道，农村的志愿者项目现在吸引了更多来自城市的游客，让他们从快速而紧张的生活中放松下来。
mountain山；desert沙漠；countryside乡村；city城市。根据后文“in village areas”可知此处指的是乡村，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：志愿者平台的先驱杨艳告诉该杂志，从城市到农村地区做志愿者的游客数量迅速增加。
change改变；development发展；influence影响；increase增加。根据“a rapid…in the number of tourists”可知此处指的是游客数量迅速增加，故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：通过在旅行中自愿工作，旅行者可以改变世界。
decision决定；difference差别；promise承诺；plan计划。根据“The volunteers provide services through charities with lower costs for the communities they serve.”可知此处指的是对世界有影响，make a difference“对某人(或某个环境)产生重大影响”为固定短语。故选B。
【24题详解】
句意：志愿者旅行的另一个好处是，它可以帮助来自城市的游客体验乡村生活。
advantage好处；disadvantage劣势；reason原因；truth真相。根据“it helps tourists from the city to get a taste of country life”可知此处讲的是好处，故选A。