焦作市2023—2024学年博爱一中高二年级(下)期中考试
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚;
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效;
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now
A About 5: 20 pm. B. About 5: 40 pm. C. About 6: 00 pm.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. The language to learn. B. The film to watch. C. The course to attend.
3. What will the man do tonight
A. Stay at home. B. Go to a club. C. Attend a meeting.
4. Where are the speakers
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a store.
5. Why did the man leave his previous job
A. To study further. B. To become famous. C. To find a new job.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the woman probably do
A. A doctor. B. An assistant. C. A professor.
7. When will the man go to see the doctor
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the conversation mainly about
A. A picture. B. A designer. C. A building.
9. Which subject does the woman like best
A. Math. B. Music. C. History.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. How did Andy feel when he first arrived at the classroom
A. Excited and pleased.
B. Anxious and afraid.
C. Embarrassed and annoyed.
11. What can we know about Mr Perry
A. He is strict. B. He is energetic. C. He is funny.
12. Why did the bell ring at 12:00
A. To tell students class is over.
B. To tell students have lunch.
C. To remind students to attend class.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What does the man think of Lucy’s taking flying lessons
A. Impractical. B. Surprising. C. Interesting.
14. What does Lucy work as
A. A nurse. B. A pilot. C. A doctor.
15. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Teach in a college.
B. Start her own restaurant.
C. Teach an Italian cooking class.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Where does the speaker come from
A. America. B. Australia. C. England.
18. What do English people think of Americans
A. Friendly. B. Quiet. C. Humorous.
19. What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England
A. Play with his friends. B. Watch comedy shows. C. Have a cup of tea
20. What did the speaker find amazing in England
A. The TV programs. B. The old buildings. C. The tea shops.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Art Gallery of NSW(New South Wales) Exhibition
Louise Bourgeois: Has the Day Invaded the Night or Has the Night Invaded the Day
25 November 2023-28 April 2024
Day and night, love and rage, calm and chaos. Enter a world of emotional extremes in this exhibition of the art of Louise Bourgeois, one of the most influential artists of the past century. Born in Paris in 1911 and living and working in New York until her death in 2010, Bourgeois is well-known for her fearless exploration of human relationships across a seven-decade career.
Louise Bourgeois: Has the Day Invaded the Night or Has the Night Invaded the Day reveals the extraordinary reach and intensity of Bourgeois’ art, from unforgettable sculptures of the 1940s to her tough yet tender weaving works of the 1990s and 2000s. It also reveals the psychological tensions that powered her search, through a dramatic presentation in two contrasting exhibition spaces. Moving from the well-lit rooms of “Day” to the darkened area of “Night”, viewers will encounter more than 120 works, including many never seen before in Australia.
Tickets can be booked online via the exhibition or event page on our website, or in person at the welcome desk at the Art Gallery. Tickets cannot be exchanged, but if something unexpected happens that prevents you from attending, you can change the date of your reservation in your confirmation email.
1. What do we know about Louise Bourgeois
A. Her art is conservative. B. She was an emotional artist.
C. She was raised in Paris. D. Her art explores human relationships.
2 What does the exhibition feature
A. Various themes. B. Contrasting layout.
C. Intensive colors. D. Extraordinary paintings.
3. What can you do if you can’t attend the exhibition
A. Reschedule the date. B. Cancel the booking.
C. Claim the money back. D. Exchange the event.
B
“There’s a little black woman walking, spraying (喷洒) stuff on the sidewalks and trees on Elizabeth and Florence...” he told the police. Her neighbor saw her spraying something on the sidewalks and trees and this made him worried. In the call to 911, he described the child as “a little black woman”.
Well, the “little black woman” was actually 9-year-old Bobbi Wilson, a young scientist. The fourth-grader had created her own insecticide (杀虫剂) to fight spotted lanternflies (斑衣蜡蝉). She came across the recipe on TikTok and had recently learned that the harmful species damages trees because they feed on their sap (树液). Bobbi was simply testing out her invention in her neighborhood when the police call was made.
“That’s her thing,” her mother Monique Joseph said. “She’s going to kill the lanternflies, especially if they’re on a tree. That’s what she’s going to do.” Bobbi’s 13-year-old sister, Hayden Wilson, also defended her, noting that Bobbi “was not only doing something amazing for our environment, but she was also doing something that made her feel like a hero”. Luckily, what happened didn’t influence Bobbi’s spirit and has led to some positive experiences for her.
She has since been recognized by several organizations for her environmental efforts. She has also been invited on special tours. One took place at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Another was given by the United States Department of Agriculture of New Jersey at a plant where they discussed lanternflies. But that’s not where her recognition ends! The Association of New Jersey Environmental Commissions (ANJEC) honored Bobbi with their Sustainability Award for her work to save trees and fight lanternflies.
“We were excited that she was doing that,” Ann Marchioni of the ANJEC said. Ann added that the organization praises volunteers for being “hands-on” in their community. In addition to the award, she and her family got to visit with a group of black female scientists at Yale University. They showed her various labs and even invited her to donate lanternfly specimens (标本) for the university’s work.
4. What made the neighbor call the police
A. A girl climbing trees. B. A girl spraying something.
C. A girl littering the sidewalks. D. A girl testing something dangerous.
5. How did Hayden Wilson feel about her sister’s behavior
A. Ashamed. B. Proud. C. Shocked. D. Relieved.
6. What kind of volunteers does ANJEC think highly of
A. Those whose donations help ANJEC.
B Those who can do something creative in their university.
C. Those whose environmental awareness is quite impressive.
D. Those who can do something practical in their community.
7. Which of the following would best describe Bobbi
A. Creative and determined. B. Watchful and serious.
C. Friendly and generous. D. Talkative and strict.
C
Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstab. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
8. Why do researchers at MIT perform the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To reduce tree losses.
C. To protect plant diversity. D. To predict forest disappearance.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its scientific origins. B. Its theoretical basis
C. Its usual difficulties. D. Its main processes
10. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. They are better than naturally grown plants.
B. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
C. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
D. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
11. Why is the research path-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
C. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
D. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
D
The sweet art of painting with caramelized sugar(焦糖) can be witnessed in China’s Sichuan province. This ancient craft still manages to amaze tourists lucky enough to stumble upon a skilled street artist.
According to experts, this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremonies for sacrifice. During the Qing Dynasty, it gained even more popularity and the techniques were upgraded, which resulted in an increased number of patterns, most of them inspired by nature, wildlife and religion. In the beginning, people used molds(模具) to shape the caramelized sugar, but they were gradually replaced with a small bronze (青铜的) spoon that had to be used by talented artists who were experts at the art of normal painting as well.
“Painting” artistic pieces from melted sugar is very different from regular painting. Because the hot sugar cools down very quickly, the painter has to work swiftly, making sure he follows the correct order of strokes(一画，笔画) to get every shape just right. In order to get familiar with the process and the technique, it’s recommended that artists practice normal painting first.
Masters of this centuries-old craft use brown or white sugar as the main material. A bronze spoon and a small spade as tools, and a slab(厚块) of marble as the canvas. The sugar is melted over a fiery pot and spread over the canvas with the spoon. Once the shape is completed, the spade is used to glue a wooden stick to the artwork and to separate it from the marble slab. Then you can have your very own caramelized sugar dragon or tiger and a unique souvenir.
The art is gaining support from both the general public and the government, who had it listed as a Provincial Non-Material Culture Heritage.
12. What does the underlined phrase probably mean in this passage
A. Employ. B. Attract. C. Become. D. Encounter.
13 What can we know about the caramelized sugar painting in Qing Dynasty
A. It played a more important role in ceremonies.
B. The themes of the paintings were various.
C. The molds were completely replaced by spoons.
D. More people were attracted to study paintings.
14. What makes sugar painting different from regular painting
A. The order of strokes. B. The number of the patterns.
C. The drawing materials. D. The topics of the paintings.
15. What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about
A. The history of making sugar paintings. B. The process of creating sugar paintings.
C. The variety of different sugar paintings. D. The pleasure of enjoying sugar paintings.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art of using reason to analyze ideas and dig deeper to get to our true potential. It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer. ____16____ Here are some tips and ideas to help you build a foundation for critical thinking.
Question your assumptions. We make a lot of assumptions about almost everything. It’s how our brain processes certain pieces of information, and how we get along in everyday life. You could say they are the foundation of our critical framework. ____17____ Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.
Don’t take information on authority until you've investigated it yourself. Instead of double-checking everything anyone says, we tend to label information as either coming from a trustworthy or not trustworthy source. This keeps us from double-checking every piece of information that comes our way, saving time and energy. But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t. ___18___
Put yourself in other people’s shoes. Empathy can also help you develop your critical thinking skills. ____19____ You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behavior. The deeper your insight into yourself and others, the wiser your decisions will be.
___20___ There is no way to learn better than learning from your friends. If you only want to be a big fish swimming in the little pond just because your ego (自负) feels good, keep this part. If you are wondering about how to develop critical skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.
A. Actually, it’s about thinking better.
B. Surround yourself with people smarter than you.
C. Be someone that people know that they can count on.
D. You should not judge others until you fully understand their situation.
E. But what if they turned out to be wrong, or at least not entirely truthful
F. The reason is that understanding does not always go with the right action.
G. So what is published in a magazine or online doesn’t mean it’s necessarily true.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a/an ___21___ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our ___22___. Every day, Dad ___23___ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming ___24___. We went through diverse ___25___from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I ___26___ a particularly rough path. Frightened, I ___27___, not knowing how to proceed. That’s when my parents ___28___ .
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming ___29___and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I____30____the confidence as my feet ____31____ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became ____32____ as a family.
From then on, every evening, we’d gather around a campfire for what we____33____called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we’d share laughs, ____34____, and insights from the day’s experiences.
The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing ____35____ together.
21. A. crowded B. physical C. creative D. necessary
22. A. relationships B. potentials C. dreams D. inspirations
23. A. guided B. encouraged C. comforted D. attracted
24. A. events B. stations C. locations D. shows
25. A. cultures B. landscapes C. groups D. countries
26. A. imagined B. constructed C. smoothed D. encountered
27. A. froze B. flew C. fell D. forgot
28. A. reached down B. stood aside C. stepped in D. turned back
29. A. words B. worries C. noises D. thoughts
30. A. lost B. maintained C. demonstrate D. restored
31. A. left B. broke C. found D. dug
32. A. nicer B. tougher C. braver D. closer
33. A. originally B. affectionately C. frequently D. simply
34. A. sympathy B. conflict C. tears D. profits
35. A. challenges B. defeats C. opposition D. uncertainty
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Lunar New Year, or Spring Festival, has been ___36___ (official) listed as a UN floating holiday in its calendar of conferences and meetings as from 2024.
The UN General Assembly, in a resolution (决议), acknowledges the significance of the Lunar New Year, ___37___ is observed in many UN member states, and invites the UN bodies at headquarters and other duty ___38___ (station), where observed, to avoid holding meetings on the Lunar New Year.
The resolution, ___39___ (adopt) on Friday without a vote, encourages this arrangement to be considered when drafting future calendars of conferences and meetings.
Dai Bing, China’s deputy permanent representative to the United Nations, said after the adoption of the resolution that the Spring Festival, not only bears the ideas of the Chinese civilization of peace and harmony but also ___40___ (carry) the common values of humanity such as harmonious family, social inclusion and sound relationship between man ___41___ nature.
Dai said China’s effort ___42___ (promote) the Spring Festival as a UN holiday is a practical step toward ___43___ (realize) its Global Civilization Initiative.
The resolution serves ___44___ a showcase of the influence of Chinese civilization and aims to enhance interactions between different civilizations worldwide. It also reflects the values of ____45____ (diverse) and inclusion promoted by the United Nations he said.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 为培养高中生心怀感恩、勇于担当的优秀品格，你校举行了以“责任、感恩”为主题的成人礼活动（the coming-of-age ceremony）。请你为校广播站写一篇活动报道，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；
2. 活动过程；
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My mother’s gift
A dandelion (蒲公英) in my dictionary always reminds me of my lunchtimes with my mother.
When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had painstakingly (费力地) practised my lines with me. But no matter how easily I delivered them at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s part to the play, and asked me to switch roles.
I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed my unease, and instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard.
It was a lovely spring day and the rose leaves were turning green. We could see yellow dandelions popping through the grass in bunches, as if a painter had touched our landscape with a little bit of gold.
I watched my mother casually bend down by one of the dandelions. “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, suddenly pulling a flower up by its roots. “From now on, we’ll have only roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions,” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful — even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it ” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.”
Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened.
“But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said, reminding me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. “The narrator’s part is as important as the part of a princess.”
Over the next few weeks, with her constant encouragement, I learned to take pride in the role. Lunchtimes were spent reading over my lines and talking about what I would wear.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Backstage on the night of the performance, I felt nervous.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the play, I took home the flower I had placed in the pocket.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 BCACA 6-10 BCACB 11-15 ABBAC 16-20 BAACB焦作市2023—2024学年博爱一中高二年级(下)期中考试
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚;
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效;
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now
A. About 5: 20 pm. B. About 5: 40 pm. C. About 6: 00 pm.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. The language to learn. B. The film to watch. C. The course to attend.
3. What will the man do tonight
A. Stay at home. B. Go to a club. C. Attend a meeting.
4. Where are the speakers
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a store.
5. Why did the man leave his previous job
A. To study further. B. To become famous. C. To find a new job.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the woman probably do
A. A doctor. B. An assistant. C. A professor.
7. When will the man go to see the doctor
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the conversation mainly about
A A picture. B. A designer. C. A building.
9. Which subject does the woman like best
A. Math. B. Music. C. History.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. How did Andy feel when he first arrived at the classroom
A. Excited and pleased.
B. Anxious and afraid.
C. Embarrassed and annoyed.
11. What can we know about Mr Perry
A. He is strict. B. He is energetic. C. He is funny.
12. Why did the bell ring at 12:00
A. To tell students class is over.
B. To tell students have lunch.
C. To remind students to attend class.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What does the man think of Lucy’s taking flying lessons
A. Impractical. B. Surprising. C. Interesting.
14. What does Lucy work as
A. A nurse. B. A pilot. C. A doctor.
15. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Teach in a college.
B Start her own restaurant.
C. Teach an Italian cooking class.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Where does the speaker come from
A. America. B. Australia. C. England.
18. What do English people think of Americans
A. Friendly. B. Quiet. C. Humorous.
19. What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England
A. Play with his friends. B. Watch comedy shows. C. Have a cup of tea
20. What did the speaker find amazing in England
A. The TV programs. B. The old buildings. C. The tea shops.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Art Gallery of NSW(New South Wales) Exhibition
Louise Bourgeois: Has the Day Invaded the Night or Has the Night Invaded the Day
25 November 2023-28 April 2024
Day and night, love and rage, calm and chaos. Enter a world of emotional extremes in this exhibition of the art of Louise Bourgeois, one of the most influential artists of the past century. Born in Paris in 1911 and living and working in New York until her death in 2010, Bourgeois is well-known for her fearless exploration of human relationships across a seven-decade career.
Louise Bourgeois: Has the Day Invaded the Night or Has the Night Invaded the Day reveals the extraordinary reach and intensity of Bourgeois’ art, from unforgettable sculptures of the 1940s to her tough yet tender weaving works of the 1990s and 2000s. It also reveals the psychological tensions that powered her search, through a dramatic presentation in two contrasting exhibition spaces. Moving from the well-lit rooms of “Day” to the darkened area of “Night”, viewers will encounter more than 120 works, including many never seen before in Australia.
Tickets can be booked online via the exhibition or event page on our website, or in person at the welcome desk at the Art Gallery. Tickets cannot be exchanged, but if something unexpected happens that prevents you from attending, you can change the date of your reservation in your confirmation email.
1. What do we know about Louise Bourgeois
A. Her art is conservative. B. She was an emotional artist.
C. She was raised in Paris. D. Her art explores human relationships.
2. What does the exhibition feature
A. Various themes. B. Contrasting layout.
C. Intensive colors. D. Extraordinary paintings.
3. What can you do if you can’t attend the exhibition
A. Reschedule the date. B. Cancel the booking.
C. Claim the money back. D. Exchange the event.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了即将在新南威尔士州艺术画廊举行的路易斯·布尔乔亚艺术展览的相关信息，包括展览的主题、展期、艺术家介绍、展览内容以及门票预订方式等。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Born in Paris in 1911 and living and working in New York until her death in 2010, Bourgeois is well-known for her fearless exploration of human relationships across a seven-decade career.( Bourgeois 1911年出生于巴黎，在纽约生活和工作，直到2010年去世。在她70年的职业生涯中，她以对人际关系的大胆探索而闻名。)”和第二段“It also reveals the psychological tensions that powered her search, through a dramatic presentation in two contrasting exhibition spaces.(通过两个对比鲜明的展览空间的戏剧性展示，它也揭示了推动她探索的心理紧张。)”可推断，Bourgeois的艺术展示了她对人际关系的探索。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It also reveals the psychological tensions that powered her search, through a dramatic presentation in two contrasting exhibition spaces. Moving from the well-lit rooms of “Day” to the darkened area of “Night”, viewers will encounter more than 120 works, including many never seen before in Australia.(通过两个对比鲜明的展览空间的戏剧性展示，它也揭示了推动她探索的心理紧张。从“白天”的明亮房间到“夜晚”的黑暗区域，观众将看到120多件作品，其中包括许多在澳大利亚从未见过的作品。)”可知，本次展览在布局上采用了对比的设计，即“白天”和“夜晚”两个不同主题的展区，形成了鲜明的对比。这种对比布局不仅有助于展示艺术家作品的多样性，还能够凸显出作品之间的张力和冲突，从而增强观众的观展体验。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Tickets cannot be exchanged, but if something unexpected happens that prevents you from attending, you can change the date of your reservation in your confirmation email.(门票不能交换，但如果发生意外事件使您无法参加，您可以在确认邮件中更改预订日期。)”可知，如果订票后不能参加展览会，我们可以更改时间。故选A。
B
“There’s a little black woman walking, spraying (喷洒) stuff on the sidewalks and trees on Elizabeth and Florence...” he told the police. Her neighbor saw her spraying something on the sidewalks and trees and this made him worried. In the call to 911, he described the child as “a little black woman”.
Well, the “little black woman” was actually 9-year-old Bobbi Wilson, a young scientist. The fourth-grader had created her own insecticide (杀虫剂) to fight spotted lanternflies (斑衣蜡蝉). She came across the recipe on TikTok and had recently learned that the harmful species damages trees because they feed on their sap (树液). Bobbi was simply testing out her invention in her neighborhood when the police call was made.
“That’s her thing,” her mother Monique Joseph said. “She’s going to kill the lanternflies, especially if they’re on a tree. That’s what she’s going to do.” Bobbi’s 13-year-old sister, Hayden Wilson, also defended her, noting that Bobbi “was not only doing something amazing for our environment, but she was also doing something that made her feel like a hero”. Luckily, what happened didn’t influence Bobbi’s spirit and has led to some positive experiences for her.
She has since been recognized by several organizations for her environmental efforts. She has also been invited on special tours. One took place at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. Another was given by the United States Department of Agriculture of New Jersey at a plant where they discussed lanternflies. But that’s not where her recognition ends! The Association of New Jersey Environmental Commissions (ANJEC) honored Bobbi with their Sustainability Award for her work to save trees and fight lanternflies.
“We were excited that she was doing that,” Ann Marchioni of the ANJEC said. Ann added that the organization praises volunteers for being “hands-on” in their community. In addition to the award, she and her family got to visit with a group of black female scientists at Yale University. They showed her various labs and even invited her to donate lanternfly specimens (标本) for the university’s work.
4. What made the neighbor call the police
A. A girl climbing trees. B. A girl spraying something.
C. A girl littering the sidewalks. D. A girl testing something dangerous.
5. How did Hayden Wilson feel about her sister’s behavior
A. Ashamed. B. Proud. C. Shocked. D. Relieved.
6. What kind of volunteers does ANJEC think highly of
A. Those whose donations help ANJEC.
B. Those who can do something creative in their university.
C. Those whose environmental awareness is quite impressive.
D. Those who can do something practical in their community.
7. Which of the following would best describe Bobbi
A. Creative and determined. B. Watchful and serious.
C. Friendly and generous. D. Talkative and strict.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了9岁的女孩波比·威尔逊发明了一种杀虫剂，并且在家附近的树木上进行测试。此后，她的环保努力得到了几个组织的认可。她还被邀请参加特别的旅行。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““There’s a little black woman walking, spraying (喷洒) stuff on the sidewalks and trees on Elizabeth and Florence...” he told the police. Her neighbor saw her spraying something on the sidewalks and trees and this made him worried. In the call to 911, he described the child as “a little black woman”.(“有一个黑人小个子女人走着，在伊丽莎白和佛罗伦萨的人行道和树上喷洒东西……他对警察说。她的邻居看到她在人行道和树上喷洒东西，这让他很担心。在打给911的电话中，他形容这个孩子是“一个小黑人女人”)”可知，一个女孩在喷什么东西让邻居报警。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Bobbi’s 13-year-old sister, Hayden Wilson, also defended her, noting that Bobbi “was not only doing something amazing for our environment, but she was also doing something that made her feel like a hero”.(波比13岁的妹妹海登·威尔逊也为她辩护，指出波比“不仅为我们的环境做了一些了不起的事情，而且她还做了一些让她觉得自己像英雄的事情”)”可知，海登·威尔逊对她姐姐的行为感到骄傲。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ann added that the organization praises volunteers for being “hands-on” in their community.(安补充说，该组织赞扬志愿者在社区中“亲力亲为”)”可知，ANJEC看重那些能在他们的社区做一些实际的事情的人。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The fourth-grader had created her own insecticide (杀虫剂) to fight spotted lanternflies (斑衣蜡蝉). She came across the recipe on TikTok and had recently learned that the harmful species damages trees because they feed on their sap (树液). Bobbi was simply testing out her invention in her neighborhood when the police call was made.(这位四年级学生发明了自己的杀虫剂来对付斑点灯笼蝇。她在TikTok上看到了这个配方，最近才知道这种有害物种会损害树木，因为它们以树液为食。当警察打电话时，波比只是在她家附近测试她的发明)”以及第三段“Luckily, what happened didn’t influence Bobbi’s spirit and has led to some positive experiences for her.(幸运的是，发生的事情并没有影响到波比的精神，反而给她带来了一些积极的经历)”可推知，波比有创造力和决心。故选A。
C
Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab. This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics. What’s more, it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is ground-breaking. “This work demonstrates the great power of a technology,” says lead researcher, Jeffrey Berenstab. “The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it. This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
8. Why do researchers at MIT perform the research
A. To grow more trees. B. To reduce tree losses.
C. To protect plant diversity. D. To predict forest disappearance.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A. Its scientific origins. B. Its theoretical basis
C. Its usual difficulties. D. Its main processes
10. What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. They are better than naturally grown plants.
B. Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
C. The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
D. Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
11. Why is the research path-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B. It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
C. It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
D. It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料。解释了其实验过程以及其积极意义。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—at area about the size of Iceland — because of cutting down trees. At that rate, some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years. To handle it, now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials sin a lab.(由于砍伐树木，世界每年损失约1000万公顷的森林——面积约为冰岛的大小。一些科学家预测，按照这个速度，世界上的森林可能会在100到200年内消失。为了解决这个问题，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里制造出类似木材的植物材料。)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the lab, the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant. These cells are cultured in liquid medium for two days, then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones (激素). By adjusting the bormone levels, the researchers can tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells: New the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material, and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months. Finally, the researchers dehydrate (使脱水) the material, and then evaluate its qualities.(在实验室里，研究人员首先从幼小植物的叶子上提取细胞。这些细胞在液体培养基中培养两天，然后转移到另一种含有营养物质和两种不同激素的培养基中。通过调节激素水平，研究人员可以调整细胞的物理和机械质量:新的研究人员使用3D打印机来塑造细胞材料，并让成型的材料在黑暗中生长三个月。最后，研究人员将材料脱水，然后评估其质量。)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的主要过程。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They found that lower bormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded, open cells of lower density (密度), while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures. Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid, helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics.(他们发现，较低的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞更圆、更开放，密度更低，而较高的激素水平会导致植物材料的细胞结构更小，但密度更大。细胞结构的密度或高或低，使植物材料更柔软或更坚硬，帮助材料生长出不同的类木特性。)”可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes, sizes, rigidity, and forms. It enables us to grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.(该技术可以调整以满足您对形状、大小、刚性和形式的要求。它使我们能够以传统农业方法无法实现的方式种植任何木制品。)”可知，Berenstain认为这项研究具有开创性是因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选C。
D
The sweet art of painting with caramelized sugar(焦糖) can be witnessed in China’s Sichuan province. This ancient craft still manages to amaze tourists lucky enough to stumble upon a skilled street artist.
According to experts, this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremonies for sacrifice. During the Qing Dynasty, it gained even more popularity and the techniques were upgraded, which resulted in an increased number of patterns, most of them inspired by nature, wildlife and religion. In the beginning, people used molds(模具) to shape the caramelized sugar, but they were gradually replaced with a small bronze (青铜的) spoon that had to be used by talented artists who were experts at the art of normal painting as well.
“Painting” artistic pieces from melted sugar is very different from regular painting. Because the hot sugar cools down very quickly, the painter has to work swiftly, making sure he follows the correct order of strokes(一画，笔画) to get every shape just right. In order to get familiar with the process and the technique, it’s recommended that artists practice normal painting first.
Masters of this centuries-old craft use brown or white sugar as the main material. A bronze spoon and a small spade as tools, and a slab(厚块) of marble as the canvas. The sugar is melted over a fiery pot and spread over the canvas with the spoon. Once the shape is completed, the spade is used to glue a wooden stick to the artwork and to separate it from the marble slab. Then you can have your very own caramelized sugar dragon or tiger and a unique souvenir.
The art is gaining support from both the general public and the government, who had it listed as a Provincial Non-Material Culture Heritage.
12. What does the underlined phrase probably mean in this passage
A. Employ. B. Attract. C. Become. D. Encounter.
13. What can we know about the caramelized sugar painting in Qing Dynasty
A. It played a more important role in ceremonies.
B. The themes of the paintings were various.
C. The molds were completely replaced by spoons.
D. More people were attracted to study paintings.
14. What makes sugar painting different from regular painting
A. The order of strokes. B. The number of the patterns.
C. The drawing materials. D. The topics of the paintings.
15. What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about
A. The history of making sugar paintings. B. The process of creating sugar paintings.
C. The variety of different sugar paintings. D. The pleasure of enjoying sugar paintings.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍四川省糖画的来源，发展及其制作过程。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The sweet art of painting with caramelized sugar(焦糖) can be witnessed in China’s Sichuan province. This ancient craft still manages to amaze tourists lucky enough to stumble upon a skilled street artist. (在中国的四川省可以看到用焦糖作画的甜蜜艺术。这项古老的工艺仍然让游客感到惊讶，他们有幸stumble upon了一位技艺高超的街头艺术家。)”可知，在中国的四川省可以看到用焦糖作画的甜蜜艺术，所以他们应该是有幸遇到了一位技艺高超的街头艺术家，所以，stumble upon的意思应该是“遇到”，和选项D意思一致。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“During the Qing Dynasty, it gained even more popularity and the techniques were upgraded, which resulted in an increased number of patterns, most of them inspired by nature, wildlife and religion. (在清朝，它变得更加流行，技术也得到了升级，导致图案数量增加，其中大多数图案的灵感来自自然、野生动物和宗教。)”可知，在清朝，糖画的图案主题变得多了。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““Painting” artistic pieces from melted sugar is very different from regular painting. Because the hot sugar cools down very quickly, the painter has to work swiftly, making sure he follows the correct order of strokes(一画，笔画) to get every shape just right. In order to get familiar with the process and the technique, it’s recommended that artists practice normal painting first. (用融化的糖绘制艺术作品与普通绘画有很大不同。因为热糖冷却得很快，画家必须迅速工作，确保他按照正确的笔画顺序画出每一个形状。为了熟悉这一过程和技巧，建议艺术家先练习普通绘画。)”可知，用融化的糖绘制艺术作品与普通绘画的不同在于，画家必须迅速工作，确保按照正确的笔画顺序画出每一个形状。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Masters of this centuries-old craft use brown or white sugar as the main material. A bronze spoon and a small spade as tools, and a slab(厚块) of marble as the canvas. The sugar is melted over a fiery pot and spread over the canvas with the spoon. Once the shape is completed, the spade is used to glue a wooden stick to the artwork and to separate it from the marble slab. Then you can have your very own caramelized sugar dragon or tiger and a unique souvenir.(这种有数百年历史的工艺大师使用红糖或白糖作为主要原料。一把青铜汤匙和一把小铲子作为工具，一块大理石作为画布。糖在一个火盆上融化，用勺子撒在画布上。形状完成后，用铲子将木棍粘在艺术品上，并将其与大理石板分离。然后你可以拥有自己的焦糖龙或虎和一个独特的纪念品。)”可知，这一段主要介绍糖画的制作过程。故选B。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical (批判的) thinking is the art of using reason to analyze ideas and dig deeper to get to our true potential. It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer. ____16____ Here are some tips and ideas to help you build a foundation for critical thinking.
Question your assumptions. We make a lot of assumptions about almost everything. It’s how our brain processes certain pieces of information, and how we get along in everyday life. You could say they are the foundation of our critical framework. ____17____ Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.
Don’t take information on authority until you've investigated it yourself. Instead of double-checking everything anyone says, we tend to label information as either coming from a trustworthy or not trustworthy source. This keeps us from double-checking every piece of information that comes our way, saving time and energy. But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t. ___18___
Put yourself in other people’s shoes. Empathy can also help you develop your critical thinking skills. ____19____ You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behavior. The deeper your insight into yourself and others, the wiser your decisions will be.
___20___ There is no way to learn better than learning from your friends. If you only want to be a big fish swimming in the little pond just because your ego (自负) feels good, keep this part. If you are wondering about how to develop critical skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.
A. Actually, it’s about thinking better.
B. Surround yourself with people smarter than you.
C. Be someone that people know that they can count on.
D. You should not judge others until you fully understand their situation.
E. But what if they turned out to be wrong, or at least not entirely truthful
F. The reason is that understanding does not always go with the right action.
G. So what is published in a magazine or online doesn’t mean it’s necessarily true.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入挖掘以达到真正潜能的艺术。这是更好地思考。文中介绍了一些帮助你建立批判性思维基础的技巧和想法：勇于质疑、会移情，为他人着想、与聪明的人相处等。
【16题详解】
本段是对批判性思维的定义。根据空前“It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer.(这并不是你思考的更久或更长)”可知，批判性思维并不是你思考的更久或更长，空处应是接着进行解释“而是……”，选项A“实际上，它是关于更好地思考”符合语境，“不是……而是……”是一种常用的解释，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据空后“Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.(那么整个基础就需要自下而上重建)”可推断，需要重建说明假设是错误的，分析选项，E项“但是如果它们被证明是错误的，或者至少不是完全真实的呢？”符合语境，与后面的整个基础就需要重建是互为条件。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句“Don’t take information on authority until you've investigated it yourself.(在你自己调查之前，不要轻信权威人士的信息)”及空前一句“But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t.(但它也使我们无法弄清我们认为来自可靠来源的事情的真相，即使事实并非如此)”可知，本段主要讲不要轻信权威，我们认为来自权威来源的信息有时事实并非如此，分析选项可知，G项“所以杂志或网络上发表的内容并不意味着这是真的”符合语境，因为杂志上发表的东西相对是权威性的。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据本段主题句“Put yourself in other people’s shoes.(设身处地为别人着想)”可知，本段主要讲述要设身处地为别人着想，结合空后“You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behavior.(你可能会发现，些许的理解有助于更深入地了解他人及其行为)”可知，D项“不理解别人时不要评价别人”与此处语义一致，D项选中的动词understand与空后的名词understanding呼应。故选D项。
【20题详解】
空处是本段主题句，根据本段最后一句“If you are wondering about how to develop critical skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.(如果你想知道如何培养关键技能，和聪明的人交朋友，抛弃你的自负)”可知，本段主要讲要与聪明的人在一起，分析选项可知B项“和比你更聪明的在一起”符合题意。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a/an ___21___ journey; it was a journey of discovery into our ___22___. Every day, Dad ___23___ us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming ___24___. We went through diverse ___25___from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I ___26___ a particularly rough path. Frightened, I ___27___, not knowing how to proceed. That’s when my parents ___28___ .
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming ___29___and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I____30____the confidence as my feet ____31____ solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became ____32____ as a family.
From then on, every evening, we’d gather around a campfire for what we____33____called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we’d share laughs, ____34____, and insights from the day’s experiences.
The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route and the family bonds formed when facing ____35____ together.
21. A. crowded B. physical C. creative D. necessary
22. A. relationships B. potentials C. dreams D. inspirations
23. A. guided B. encouraged C. comforted D. attracted
24. A. events B. stations C. locations D. shows
25. A. cultures B. landscapes C. groups D. countries
26. A. imagined B. constructed C. smoothed D. encountered
27. A. froze B. flew C. fell D. forgot
28. A. reached down B. stood aside C. stepped in D. turned back
29. A. words B. worries C. noises D. thoughts
30. A. lost B. maintained C. demonstrate D. restored
31. A. left B. broke C. found D. dug
32. A. nicer B. tougher C. braver D. closer
33. A. originally B. affectionately C. frequently D. simply
34. A. sympathy B. conflict C. tears D. profits
35. A. challenges B. defeats C. opposition D. uncertainty
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一家进行了一场难忘的全国旅行，这场旅行让整个家庭变得更亲密了，而且这场旅行也让作者懂得了旅行的真正意义。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这不仅仅是一次现实的旅行；这是一次探索我们关系的旅行。A. crowded拥挤的；B. physical现实的；C. creative创造（性）的；D. necessary必要的。根据句中的“it was a journey of discovery into our ___2___”可知，这次旅行还是一次探索发现更深层次东西之旅，由此可知，这不仅仅是一场现实的旅行。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. relationships关系；B. potentials潜力；C. dreams梦想；D. inspirations灵感。根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”可知，这场旅行让家庭关系更亲密了，所以这是一场探索家庭关系的旅行。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，爸爸都用他可靠的路线图给我们引路。A. guided引导（某人至某地）；B. encouraged鼓励；C. comforted安慰；D. attracted吸引。根据空后的“with his trusty road map”可知，爸爸用地图给大家引路。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，我们家的核心，分享了关于即将到的地点的民间故事并画画。A. events事件；B. stations火车站；C. locations地点；D. shows节目。根据空前的“the upcoming”和下文中的“We went through diverse ___5___from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.”可知，这里是说他们即将到访的地点。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们经历了从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠的各种景观。A. cultures文化；B. landscapes风景；C. groups组；D. countries国家。根据空后的“from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West”可知，这里是说他们看到的各种各样的景观。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在大峡谷徒步旅行时，我遇到了一条特别崎岖小路。A. imagined想象；B. constructed建造；C. smoothed使平滑；D. encountered遇到。根据下文中的“not knowing how to proceed”可知，作者遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吓坏了，僵住了，不知道该怎么办。A. froze（因害怕等）不动；B. flew飞行；C. fell落下；D. forgot忘记。根据句中的“Frightened”可知，作者吓得僵住了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时我父母介入了。A. reached down把……拿下来；B. stood aside站到一边；C. stepped in介入；D. turned back使返回。根据下文中的“As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming ___9___and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead.”可知，父母过来帮助作者，所以是介入了作者所处的困境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸给我看立足点时，妈妈用平静的话语指导我，并提醒我前方的壮丽景色。A. words话语；B. worries担心；C. noises噪音；D. thoughts想法。根据句中的“coached me”可知，妈妈用平静的话语指导作者。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当我的双脚再次站稳脚跟时，我恢复了信心。A. lost失去；B. maintained维持；C. demonstrate证明；D. restored恢复。根据上文中的“Frightened, I ___7___, not knowing how to proceed.”和下文中的“I finally overcame my fear”可知，作者一开始看到这条崎岖小路时吓呆住了，后来在父母的帮助下终于克服了自己的害怕，由此可知，作者重新恢复的信心。故选D
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. left离开；B. broke弄坏；C. found找到；D. dug挖。根据上文中的“Dad showed me footholds”和空后的“solid ground again”可知，作者在父母的指导下找到了立足点，双脚找到了结实的地面站稳了。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我终于克服恐惧时，我觉得我们作为一家人变得更亲密了。A. nicer更好的；B. tougher更艰苦的；C. braver更勇敢的；D. closer更亲近的。根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”和空后的“as a family”可知，作者一家人变得更加亲密了。故选D
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，每天晚上，我们都会聚集在篝火旁，进行我们亲切地称之为“家庭回忆时间”的活动。A. originally原来，起初；B. affectionately亲切地；C. frequently频繁地；D. simply简单地，仅仅。根据空后的“called ‘Family Reflection Time’”并结合语境可知，他们将每晚进行的这个活动称为“家庭回忆时间”，由此可知，他们很喜欢这个活动，很亲切地给它取名字。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些活动中，我们会分享一天的经历带来的欢笑、泪水和见解。A. sympathy同情；B. conflict冲突；C. tears泪水；D. profits利润。根据空前的“laughs”可知，这里指一天经历的欢乐和泪水。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行教会了我，旅行的真正意义不仅仅是到达目的地，而是在旅途中发生的个人成长，以及在共同面对挑战时形成的家庭纽带。A. challenges挑战；B. defeats失败；C. opposition反对；D. uncertainty犹豫。根据空前的“facing”并结合上文作者面临崎岖小路时父母给予帮助可知，这里是说一家人一起面对挑战。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Lunar New Year, or Spring Festival, has been ___36___ (official) listed as a UN floating holiday in its calendar of conferences and meetings as from 2024.
The UN General Assembly, in a resolution (决议), acknowledges the significance of the Lunar New Year, ___37___ is observed in many UN member states, and invites the UN bodies at headquarters and other duty ___38___ (station), where observed, to avoid holding meetings on the Lunar New Year.
The resolution, ___39___ (adopt) on Friday without a vote, encourages this arrangement to be considered when drafting future calendars of conferences and meetings.
Dai Bing, China’s deputy permanent representative to the United Nations, said after the adoption of the resolution that the Spring Festival, not only bears the ideas of the Chinese civilization of peace and harmony but also ___40___ (carry) the common values of humanity such as harmonious family, social inclusion and sound relationship between man ___41___ nature.
Dai said China’s effort ___42___ (promote) the Spring Festival as a UN holiday is a practical step toward ___43___ (realize) its Global Civilization Initiative.
The resolution serves ___44___ a showcase of the influence of Chinese civilization and aims to enhance interactions between different civilizations worldwide. It also reflects the values of ____45____ (diverse) and inclusion promoted by the United Nations, he said.
【答案】36. officially
37. which 38. stations
39. adopted
40. carries
41. and 42. to promote
43. realizing
44. as 45. diversity
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了从2024年起，农历新年或春节正式被列入联合国会议日历中浮动假日。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：从2024年起，农历新年或春节正式被列入联合国会议日历中的浮动假日。修饰谓语动词list应用副词officially。故填officially。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：联合国大会在一项决议中承认了许多联合国成员国庆祝农历新年的重要性，并邀请总部和其他工作岗位的联合国机构避免在农历新年举行会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Lunar New Year，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：联合国大会在一项决议中承认了许多联合国成员国庆祝农历新年的重要性，并邀请总部和其他工作岗位的联合国机构避免在农历新年举行会议。根据上文other可知应用复数形式，意为“其它的工作岗位”。故填stations。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：星期五未经表决通过的决议鼓励在起草今后的会议日程时考虑这一安排。分析句子结构可知adopt与逻辑主语resolution被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填adopted。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：中国常驻联合国副代表戴兵在决议通过后表示，春节不仅承载着和平与和谐的中华文明理念，还承载着和谐家庭、社会包容、人与自然良好关系等人类共同价值观。该空的动词与前文not only后的动词bears属平行关系，因此在形式上保持一致，为三单形式。故填carries。
【41题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：中国常驻联合国副代表戴兵在决议通过后表示，春节不仅承载着和平与和谐的中华文明理念，还承载着和谐家庭、社会包容、人与自然良好关系等人类共同价值观。此处为短语between…and…，表示“……之间”。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：戴说，中国推动春节成为联合国节日的努力是实现其全球文明倡议的实际步骤。不定式作抽象名词effort的定语。故填to promote。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：戴说，中国推动春节成为联合国节日的努力是实现其全球文明倡议的实际步骤。介词toward后跟动名词作宾语。故填realizing。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：该决议旨在展示中华文明的影响力，促进世界不同文明之间的互动。短语serve as表示“充当”。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：他说，这也反映了联合国倡导的多样性和包容性的价值观。作介词of的宾语应用名词diversity。故填diversity。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 为培养高中生心怀感恩、勇于担当的优秀品格，你校举行了以“责任、感恩”为主题的成人礼活动（the coming-of-age ceremony）。请你为校广播站写一篇活动报道，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；
2. 活动过程；
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The school playground witnessed the coming-of-age ceremony last Friday, whose aim is to cultivate high school students with gratitude and courage to take responsibility.
At the beginning of the event, the principal delivered an inspiring speech, highlighting the importance of embracing adulthood with responsibility and integrity. Then, it was followed by the symbolic act of receiving gifts from parents, which marked the transition into adulthood. To conclude the event, the school organized a heartwarming candle-lighting ceremony, symbolizing the students’ bright future ahead.
The ceremony holds great significance as it serves as a reminder for them to take responsibility and develop a strong sense of identity. Overall, it is a memorable and meaningful event for both students and parents, celebrating this significant milestone and encouraging personal growth.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。为培养高中生心怀感恩、勇于担当的优秀品格，考生所在学校举行了以“责任、感恩”为主题的成人礼活动（the coming-of-age ceremony）。要求考生为校广播站写一篇活动报道。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
感激：gratitude→appreciation
鼓舞人心的：inspiring→uplifting
总体上：overall→on the whole
意味深长的：meaningful→significative
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Overall, it is a memorable and meaningful event for both students and parents, celebrating this significant milestone and encouraging personal growth.
拓展句：Overall, it is a memorable and meaningful event for both students and parents, which celebrates this significant milestone and encourages personal growth.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The school playground witnessed the coming-of-age ceremony last Friday, whose aim is to cultivate high school students with gratitude and courage to take responsibility. (运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Then, it was followed by the symbolic act of receiving gifts from parents, which marked the transition into adulthood. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My mother’s gift
A dandelion (蒲公英) in my dictionary always reminds me of my lunchtimes with my mother.
When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had painstakingly (费力地) practised my lines with me. But no matter how easily I delivered them at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s part to the play, and asked me to switch roles.
I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed my unease, and instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard.
It was a lovely spring day and the rose leaves were turning green. We could see yellow dandelions popping through the grass in bunches, as if a painter had touched our landscape with a little bit of gold.
I watched my mother casually bend down by one of the dandelions. “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, suddenly pulling a flower up by its roots. “From now on, we’ll have only roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions,” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful — even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it ” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.”
Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened.
“But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said, reminding me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. “The narrator’s part is as important as the part of a princess.”
Over the next few weeks, with her constant encouragement, I learned to take pride in the role. Lunchtimes were spent reading over my lines and talking about what I would wear.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Backstage on the night of the performance, I felt nervous.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the play, I took home the flower I had placed in the pocket.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Backstage on the night of the performance, I felt nervous. At first I was at a loss what to do, but it was at that very moment that I found a dandelion in my pocket. I knew my mom passed the flower to me, which meant to be in company with me. I calmed down as soon as possible. I knew that the narrator part was of vital significance. I performed so well that the audience stood up and burst into thunderous applause.
After the play, I took home the flower I had placed in the pocket. Mom carefully gazed at the dandelion, gently pressed it into the dictionary and grinned happily as she did. “We were perhaps the only people who would press such a sorry-looking weed.” Though decades have passed, I constantly recall our precious lunchtimes being together, grateful, because smiles on Mother’s face and her kind act foster a man like me now! And all those inspiring words like “Cease to struggle and you cease to live.” have been echoing in my mind as fresh as a daisy.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者三年级时被选中在学校的戏剧中扮演公主，但总是在舞台上表现不佳。被老师替换成了叙述者的角色，在妈妈的启发和鼓励下学会了为这个角色感到骄傲并努力背诵台词，认真做准备。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“演出当晚的后台，我感到很紧张。”可知，第一段可描写作者是如何克服紧张以及完美完成表演的。
②由第二段首句内容“演出结束后，我把放在口袋里的花带回家。”可知，第二段可描写作者把花收藏起来，对母亲心存感激。
2.续写线索：感到紧张——发现蒲公英——恢复平静——完成演出——保存蒲公英——感谢母亲
3.词汇激活
行为类
①不知所措：at a loss/all at sea
②时间过去：pass/go by
③盯着：gaze at/stare at
情绪类
①紧张：nervous/anxious
②高兴：happily/delightedly
【点睛】[高分句型1] At first I was at a loss what to do, but it was at that very moment that I found a dandelion in my pocket. (运用了强调句)
[高分句型2] I knew that the narrator part was of vital significance. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BCACA 6-10 BCACB 11-15 ABBAC 16-20 BAACB
