九校联盟2023~2024学年度下学期高二期中联合考试
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：至外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 3。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man’s father do at home
A. Wash the dishes. B. Sweep the floor. C. Do some cooking.
2. How was the weather in Portugal during the woman’s stay
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
3. Why does the man get a low final grade
A. The professor made a mistake.
B. He missed some classes this term.
C. He didn’t do well on the last test.
4. What does the woman think of old poems
A. They are easy to understand. B. They are interesting. C. They are too long.
5. What does the man probably want to do now
A. Sell a flat. B. Rent a house. C. Buy some furniture.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the woman send the man
A. A text message. B. A music video. C. An e-mail.
7. What is the man dissatisfied with about the cell phone
A. Its sound quality. B. Its color. C. Its screen size.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man going to do this Wednesday
A. Clean up his office. B. Go on a business trip. C. Buy some new products.
9. What is the woman probably
A. A tour guide. B. A product designer. C. A manager.
10. When is the interview scheduled at last
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How does Mr. Brown feel
A. Upset. B. Happy. C. Surprised.
12. How did the woman get Mr. Brown’s address
A. Through a call. B. Through an e-mail. C. Through a website.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues.
B. Fellow travelers.
C. Shop assistant and customer.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Serve food. B. Clean the garden. C. Arrange the seating.
15. What will the woman do
A. Call Jane. B. Put on a uniform. C. Have a meeting.
16. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker doing
A. Watching a film. B. Directing a film. C. Introducing a film.
18. What does the speaker say about Daniel Craig
A. He has made few films so far.
B. He refuses to do dangerous actions.
C He is the perfect actor for James Bond.
19. How does the speaker find the beginning of the film Quantum of Solace
A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Moving.
20. What do we know about the film Quantum of Solace
A. It lasts less than two hours.
B. The actress doesn’t perform well.
C. It has more jokes than old Bond films.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Language Learning Programs
LingQ
Price: $7. 99 per month
LingQ is a web-based language learning system and offers lessons in 37 languages, including Spanish, Chinese and so on. You’ll have access to their apps, vocabulary features, one-on-one English conversations, group conversations, writing corrections and a huge variety of learning activities and quizzes. It has a community aspect that rewards you with a backpack for helping your peers (同伴).
Assimil
Price: $61 per month
A language learning program from France, Assimil has many foreign language products. The program offers 14 different languages, including a full e-course, CDs and downloadable or printed textbooks.
Alison
Price: Free
Do you need to learn a language for work or business at your own pace (步调) Give Alison a try. Stick with a single language or learn several from nine options: Japanese, German, Spanish, French, Chinese, Irish, Arabic, English or Swedish. Access to its video lessons, with ads, is free—and you can take as many different courses as you’d like.
Rosetta Stone
Price: $7. 99 per month
Rosetta Stone includes online classes, games and mobile apps. This resource is recommended for long-term learners rather than those looking for quick phrase-building. The program promises to provide learners with 25 different languages, featuring well-rounded courses that deal with all aspects of a language.
1. What may happen if learners help peers in LingQ
A. They will get rewarded. B. They can receive a discount.
C. They will be praised by teachers. D. They can use the apps for free.
2. Which program offers the fewest languages
A. LingQ. B. Assimil. C. Rosetta Stone. D. Alison.
3. How much should you pay if you learn in Rosetta Stone for ten months
A. $7. 99. B. $61. C. $79. 9. D. $610.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最佳语言学习项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 LingQ部分“It has a community aspect that rewards you with a backpack for helping your peers (同伴).(它有一个社区方面，奖励你帮助你的同伴一个背包)”可知，在LingQ 这个学习项目中帮助同伴的学习者会获得奖励。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据LingQ部分“LingQ is a web-based language learning system and offers lessons in 37 languages, including Spanish, Chinese and so on.(LingQ是一个基于网络的语言学习系统，提供37种语言的课程，包括西班牙语、汉语等)”；Assimil部分“The program offers 14 different languages, including a full e-course, CDs and downloadable or printed textbooks.(该课程提供14种不同的语言，包括完整的电子课程、CD以及可下载或印刷的教科书)”；Alison部分“Stick with a single language or learn several from nine options: Japanese, German, Spanish, French, Chinese, Irish, Arabic, English or Swedish.(坚持学习一门语言，或者从日语、德语、西班牙语、法语、汉语、爱尔兰语、阿拉伯语、英语或瑞典语等九种语言中选择几种)”以及最后一部分“The program promises to provide learners with 25 different languages, featuring well-rounded courses that deal with all aspects of a language.(该项目承诺为学习者提供25种不同的语言，并提供全面的课程，涉及语言的各个方面)”可知，Alison 提供的语言最少。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rosetta Stone部分“Price: $7. 99 per month(价格：每月7.99美元)”可知，在 Rosetta Stone学习十个月需支付7.99×10=79. 9美元。故选C。
B
Exploring the peaks (山顶) of the world’s highest mountains or the secrets of space has become almost second nature for Poorna Malavath and Kavya Manyapu. It has taken Manyapu to NASA where her research has included designing space suits, and Malavath to the top of Mount Everest in 2014, when she became the youngest ever woman to climb the world’s highest mountain at the age of just 13.
Now, the two women have channeled their exploring spirit into climbing some of the world’s most difficult mountains as part of their campaign, Project Shakthi, which raises money to fund girls’ education.
At the end of August, they climbed a 6,012-meter virgin peak in Ladakh, India-one previously unmapped and untouched by humans, Never climbed before, the mountain presented difficult challenges for even an experienced mountaineer like Malavath, for there were neither routes to follow nor advice from previous climbers to cling to. “We have to prepare ourselves mentally to accept everything,” Malavath says.
Every member of the team experienced some form of altitude sickness (高原反应) while climbing up the virgin peak. Rainy weather conditions that turned to snow at high altitudes added to the complexities of climbing the mountain. And for a relatively inexperienced climber like Manyapu, though she had trained extensively, the challenges were even greater.
In the group’s darkest moments on the journey, they found motivation in Project Shakthi’s purpose: “We climb so that girls can read”, a deeply personal cause for both Malavath and Manyapu.
In the meantime, the project has already begun selecting girls who will receive its sponsorship through the $12,000 it has raised so far. “Poorna and I actually visited our village back in India right after we completed our exploration of the virgin peak,” Manyapu says, “And we are starting the project in our village because that’s where our roots are.”
Eventually, the project will aim to sponsor girls across the globe, empowering them and offering them opportunities to receive education.
4. What is the purpose of Project Shakthi
A. To design space suits. B. To map mountain peaks.
C. To explore the secrets of space. D. To collect money for girls’ education.
5. What does the underlined phrase “cling to” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Ignore. B. Turn down. C. Rely on. D. Give.
6. Which of the following best describes climbing the virgin peak
A. Dangerous. B. Unnecessary. C. Unchallenging. D. Interesting.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. Kavya Manyapu’s Achievements in Studying Space
B. Two Successful Women Climbed a Mountain for Charity
C. Girls in the Villages Have Long Suffered Unfair Treatment
D. Difficulties Poorna Malavath Experienced When Climbing Mount Everest
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普尔纳·马拉瓦特和卡维亚·马尼亚二人的登山活动和为了慈善攀登一座山做出的努力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Project Shakthi, which raises money to fund girls’ education. (Shakthi项目，筹集资金资助女孩教育)”可知， Shakthi 项目的目的是筹钱资助女孩接受教育。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词组前“for there were neither routes to follow nor advice from previous climbers to (因为既没有路线可走，也没有以前登山者的建议)”可推断，此处的意思是“没有以前登山者的建议可依靠”。A. Ignore忽略；B. Turn down把音量调低；C. Rely on依靠；D. Give给予。画线词组的意思和 Rely on 最接近。故选C。
6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“a 6,012-meter virgin peak in Ladakh, India-one previously unmapped and untouched by humans, Never climbed before, the mountain presented difficult challenges for even an experienced mountaineer like Malavath(这是印度拉达克6012米高的处女峰，以前从未被人类绘制过，也从未被攀登过，即使是像马拉瓦特这样经验丰富的登山者也面临着艰难的挑战)”和第四段中“Every member of the team experienced some form of altitude sickness (高原反应) while climbing up the virgin peak. Rainy weather conditions that turned to snow at high altitudes added to the complexities of climbing the mountain. (登山队的每个成员在攀登圣母峰时都经历了某种形式的高原反应。多雨的天气条件在高海拔地区变成了雪，这增加了攀登珠峰的复杂性。)”可推断，爬拉达克的处女峰十分危险。故选A。
【7题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Now, the two women have channeled their exploring spirit into climbing some of the world’s most difficult mountains as part of their campaign, Project Shakthi, which raises money to fund girls’ education. (现在，这两个女人把她们的探索精神引导到攀登世界上最困难的一些山峰上，这是她们的活动“Shakthi项目”的一部分，该活动为女孩的教育筹集资金。)”可知，本文主要讲的是两个成功的女人为了慈善攀登一座山。所以，用B项“Two Successful Women Climbed a Mountain for Charity”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符合。故选B。
C
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society suggests that Leonardo da Vinci was more experimental with his well-known “Mona Lisa” than previously thought and was likely the creator of a technique seen in works used a century later.
A team of scientists in France and Britain has detected a rare mineral compound (矿物化合物), plumbonacrite, within the piece. Plumbonacrite forms when lead oxides (铅氧化物) combine with oil. Mixing these two substances is the technique that later artists like Rembrandt used to help the paint dry, according to the study.
Detecting the rare compound in the “Mona Lisa” suggested that Leonardo could have been the original user of this approach, said Gilles Wallez, an author of the study. “Everything that comes from Leonardo is very interesting, because he had lots of ideas, and he was an experimenter, attempting to improve the knowledge of his time,” Wallez said, “Each time you discovered something in his processes, you discovered that he was clearly ahead of his time.”
The “Mona Lisa”, like many other paintings from the 16th century, was created on a piece of wood that required a thick base layer. The researchers believed that Leonardo had made his mixture of lead oxide powder with linseed oil to produce the thick coat of paint needed for the first layer, while unknowingly creating the rare compound.
Nowadays, researchers aren’t allowed to take samples from the masterpiece, which resides at the Louvre in Paris and is protected behind glass. Using a microsample that had been taken from an area of the artwork just behind the frame, however, scientists were able to analyze the paint by using a high-tech machine. “These samples have a very high cultural value,” Wallez said. “You can’t afford to take big samples on a painting.”
8. Why is Rembrandt mentioned in paragraph 2
A. To demonstrate his unique talent for painting.
B. To explain how he used the technique correctly.
C. To stress what made him different from other painters.
D. To show the technique was useful for drying the paint.
9. What did Wallez think of Leonardo da Vinci
A. Independent. B. Strict. C. Pioneering. D. Friendly.
10. How did researchers think Leonardo da Vinci created the rare compound
A. By accident. B. With other painters’ help.
C. By reading many books. D. Through various attempts.
11. What can be learned about the “Mona Lisa” from the last paragraph
A. It didn’t contain plumbonacrite. B. Analyzing its paint is invaluable but costly.
C. It was created in the 17th century. D. Taking its samples is an easy task now.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，一项研究表明，达·芬奇在创作著名的《蒙娜丽莎》时，比人们之前认为的更具实验性，而且很可能是一个世纪后的作品中使用的一种技巧的创造者。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Mixing these two substances is the technique that later artists like Rembrandt used to help the paint dry, according to the study.(根据这项研究，混合这两种物质是Rembrandt等后来的艺术家用来帮助颜料干燥的技术)”可知，作者提及Rembrandt是为了表明这种技巧，即把氧化铅与油混合在一起使用，能让颜料变干。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Everything that comes from Leonardo is very interesting, because he had lots of ideas, and he was an experimenter, attempting to improve the knowledge of his time,’ Wallez said, ‘Each time you discovered something in his processes, you discovered that he was clearly ahead of his time.’(‘来自达·芬奇的一切都非常有趣，因为他有很多想法，他是一个实验者，试图提高他那个时代的知识，’Wallez说，‘每次你在他的过程中发现一些东西，你就会发现他明显领先于他的时代。’)”可推断，Wallez认为达·芬奇对于他所在的时代具有开拓性、先驱性。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The researchers believed that Leonardo had made his mixture of lead oxide powder with linseed oil to produce the thick coat of paint needed for the first layer, while unknowingly creating the rare compound.(研究人员认为，达·芬奇将氧化铅粉和亚麻籽油混合在一起，制作了第一层所需的厚层颜料，而他却在不知不觉中创造了这种罕见的化合物)”可知，研究人员认为达·芬奇是偶然地创造了这种罕见的化合物。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“…scientists were able to analyze the paint by using a high-tech machine. ‘These samples have a very high cultural value,’ Wallez said. ‘You can’t afford to take big samples on a painting.’(科学家们利用从画框后面的艺术品区域采集的显微样本，通过使用高科技机器分析了颜料。‘这些样本具有很高的文化价值，’Wallez说。‘你无法承担从一幅画上取下大样本的后果。’)”可推断，分析《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画的颜料是有价值的，但代价很高。故选B。
D
Smart and highly sensitive (灵敏的), a new soft sensor developed by UBC (University of British Columbia) and Honda researchers opens the door to a wide range of applications in robotics and prosthetics (假肢).
When applied to the surface of prosthetic or robotic arms, the sensor skin provides touch sensitivity and flexibility, making it possible for difficult tasks to be completed by machines, such as picking up a piece of soft fruit. The sensor is also soft to the touch, like human skin, which helps make human interactions safer and more lifelike.
“Our sensor uses weak electric fields to sense objects, even at a distance, much as touchscreens do. But unlike touchscreens, this sensor is soft and can detect (检测) forces into and along its surface,” explained Dr. John Madden, senior study author and a professor of electrical and computer engineering who leads the Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory at UBC.
The UBC team developed the technology in cooperation with Frontier Robotics, Honda’s research institute. Honda has been innovating in humanoid robotics since the 1980s, and developed the well-known ASIMO (Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility) robot. It has also developed devices to assist walking and the emerging Honda Avatar Robot.
“Dr. Madden’s lab has significant expertise in flexible sensors and we’re happy to cooperate with this team in developing touch sensors that can be applied to robots.” said Mr. Ishizaki Ryusuke, one of the study’s lead authors and chief engineer at Frontier Robotics.
Dr. Madden said. “Human skin has a hundred times more sensing point s on a fingertip than our technology does, making it easier to light a match or sew. As sensors continue to develop to be more skin-like, and can also detect temperature and even damage, there is a need for robots to be smarter about which sensors to pay attention to and how to respond. Developments in sensors and artificial intelligence will need to go hand in hand.”
12. What do we know about the new sensor
A. Its surface feels soft. B. It is far from sensitive.
C. Its interaction with humans seems unsafe. D. It is unable to pick up a piece of fruit.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the new sensor
A. Its types. B. Its structures.
C. Its advantages. D. Its directions for use.
14. What is Mr. Ishizaki Ryusuke’s attitude toward the UBC team
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Unconcerned. D. Unclear.
15. What can be learned from the last paragraph
A. Human skin is easily hurt. B. A fingertip has few sensing points.
C. Sensors can light matches easily. D. Robots need further improvement.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一款由UBC和Honda研究人员共同开发的新型软传感器。这款传感器具有高灵敏度和灵活性，适用于机器人和假肢等领域。文章中提到了该传感器的工作原理、研究背景和应用前景，并强调了传感器和人工智能的协同发展。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The sensor is also soft to the touch, like human skin, which helps make human interactions safer and more lifelike.(这种传感器摸起来也很柔软，就像人的皮肤一样，这有助于使人类的互动更安全、更逼真)”可知，新传感器的表面摸起来很软。故选A项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段““Our sensor uses weak electric fields to sense objects, even at a distance, much as touchscreens do. But unlike touchscreens, this sensor is soft and can detect (检测) forces into and along its surface,” explained Dr. John Madden, senior study author and a professor of electrical and computer engineering who leads the Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory at UBC.(“我们的传感器利用弱电场来感知物体，即使距离很远，就像触摸屏一样。但与触摸屏不同的是，这种传感器是柔软的，可以检测进入其表面和沿着其表面的力，”约翰·马登博士解释说，他是高级研究作者，也是UBC先进材料和工艺工程实验室的电气和计算机工程教授)”可知，本段主要讲述了新传感器的优势。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““Dr. Madden’s lab has significant expertise in flexible sensors and we’re happy to cooperate with this team in developing touch sensors that can be applied to robots.” said Mr. Ishizaki Ryusuke, one of the study’s lead authors and chief engineer at Frontier Robotics.(“马登博士的实验室在柔性传感器方面拥有丰富的专业知识，我们很高兴与这个团队合作，开发可应用于机器人的触摸传感器。”这项研究的主要作者之一、Frontier Robotics的总工程师石崎龙介(Ishizaki Ryusuke)说)”可知，石崎龙助先生对UBC团队的态度是“肯定”的。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Madden said. “Human skin has a hundred times more sensing point s on a fingertip than our technology does, making it easier to light a match or sew. As sensors continue to develop to be more skin-like, and can also detect temperature and even damage, there is a need for robots to be smarter about which sensors to pay attention to and how to respond. Developments in sensors and artificial intelligence will need to go hand in hand.”(马登博士说。“人类皮肤指尖上的感应点比我们的技术多出100倍，这使得它更容易点燃火柴或缝纫。随着传感器继续向更接近皮肤的方向发展，并且还可以检测温度甚至损伤，机器人需要更智能地知道应该关注哪些传感器以及如何做出反应。传感器和人工智能的发展需要齐头并进。”)”可知，机器人需要更智能地知道应该关注哪些传感器以及如何做出反应，所以机器人需要进一步改进。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we set goals, self-motivation plays a key role. At first, you might feel energetic and work toward your goals at full stretch. ___16___ , you can feel discouraged and find it difficult to stay motivated. The following tips will help you to overcome the decrease in motivation and stay on track toward achieving goals.
___17___
Sometimes having a big goal makes it difficult to even know where to begin. Breaking down a big goal into smaller tasks will help to lay out the steps toward success.
Get enough rest
When it comes to achieving a goal, rest is just as important as working hard. Make sure you get enough sleep. A study shows that sleep has a major impact on overall health and performance. As it turns out, having enough sleep can actually have positive effects on your brain. ___18___ .
Celebrate small wins
When hard work pays off, you certainly deserve a moment to celebrate. ___19___ , whether that means buying something nice. taking the afternoon off. having a hot bath. or enjoying your favorite meal.
Surround yourself with supportive people
___20___ . There is no doubt that you’ll need cheerleaders on the sidelines who can lift you up when self-motivation drops. So when you feel discouraged, don’t hesitate to ask for help from those supportive people to stay motivated.
A. Set higher goals
B. If you ask for help
C. Break down big goals into smaller ones
D. Mark each small success by treating yourself
E. But when results don’t happen as quickly as you’d like
F. So give yourself a chance to “turn off” by taking breaks
G. People who have a good support system have a better chance of succeeding
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些能帮助你克服动力下降，并继续朝着实现目标的方向前进的建议。
【16题详解】
根据空前“At first, you might feel energetic and work toward your goals at full stretch. ”（起初，您可能会感到精力充沛，并全力以赴地实现自己的目标。）及空后“you can feel discouraged and find it difficult to stay motivated. ”（您可能会感到沮丧并发现很难保持动力）可知，空处讲述使你感到沮丧并发现很难保持动力的情况，E项“但是当结果没有像你想的那么快发生时”符合语境，和上文是转折关系，同时引起下文。故选E 。
【17题详解】
此处是本段小标题，根据下文“ Breaking down a big goal into smaller tasks will help to lay out the steps toward success. ”（将大目标分解为小任务将有助于制定成功的步骤。）可知，本段主要介绍要将大目标分解成小目标，C项“把大目标分解成小目标”适合作本段的小标题。故选C 。
【18题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Get enough rest”（充分休息）可知，本段主要介绍要有足够的休息，空前“As it turns out, having enough sleep can actually have positive effects on your brain. ”（事实证明，充足的睡眠实际上可以对您的大脑产生积极影响。）指出充足的睡眠可以对您的大脑产生积极影响，所以应该多休息，F项“所以，给自己一个‘关机’的机会，休息一下”符合，承接上文。故选F 。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Celebrate small wins”（庆祝小胜利）可知，本段主要介绍要庆祝小胜利，空前“When hard work pays off, you certainly deserve a moment to celebrate.”（当努力得到回报时，您当然值得庆祝。）指出努力得到回报时要庆祝，空处承接上文，指出该如何庆祝，D项“通过款待自己来庆贺每一个小成功”符合。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Surround yourself with supportive people”（让你周围都是支持你的人）可知，本段主要介绍了要让你周围都是支持你的人，空处也应围绕此话题来讲，G项“拥有良好支持系统的人有更大的成功机会”符合，指出了让你周围都是支持你的人的好处。故选G 。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
He man Bekele was not atypical high school student.____21____spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. His goal was to create a____22____that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who____23____it.
Growing up in Ethiopia, Africa, He man____24____saw people getting sunburned by the hot sun working outside. He didn’t____25____much of it when he was really little, but a she____26____he realized how serious skin cancer really was.
Skin cancer does have cures and it is___27___in most cases. However, the average___28___of skin cancer treatment is almost $40, 000. When hearing the shocking____29____, He man planned to create a more_____30_____and accessible solution. He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project.
His_____31_____won him the prize in this year’s 3M Young Scientist’s Challenge, a competition that_____32_____kids to think of unique ways to solve everyday problems. He man was so surprised and_____33_____when he first heard the news of his award. “It’s_____34_____to see that my ideas can be _____35_____and seen by the science community,” he said.
21. A. Due to B. As for C. Rather than D. Regardless of
22. A. website B. product C. hospital D. school
23. A. invests B. promotes C. approves D. needs
24. A. constantly B. rarely C. objectively D. fortunately
25. A. lose B. think C. use D. report
26. A. walked in B. turned up C. grew up D. gave in
27. A. preventable B. complex C. deadly D. treatable
28. A. price B. speed C. wage D. life
29. A. news B. figure C. secret D. sound
30. A. temporary B. peaceful C. affordable D. possible
31. A. speech B. honesty C. plan D. work
32. A. reminds B. encourages C. warns D. orders
33. A. overjoyed B. embarrassed C. frightened D. annoyed
34 A. puzzling B. disappointing C. inspiring D. tiring
35. A. protected B. permitted C. guided D. recognized
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述14岁的高中生Heman Bekele研发出更加实惠的治疗皮肤癌的产品，赢得了3M青年科学家挑战赛的故事。
【21题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个14岁的孩子没有把空闲时间花在玩电子游戏上，而是在做实验。A. Due to由于；B. As for至于；C. Rather than而不是；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。根据上一句“Heman Bekele was not a typical high school student.( 赫曼·贝克勒不是一个典型的高中生。)”以及下文“spending his free time playing video games, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments(在业余时间玩电子游戏，这个14岁的孩子在进行实验)”可知，Heman Bekele不像其他的高中生一样玩电子游戏，而是花时间做实验，故选择C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。A. website网站；B. product产品；C. hospital医院；D. school学校。根据空后“that could treat skin cancer(可以治疗皮肤癌症)”可知，他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，故选择B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。 A. invests投资；B. promotes推广；C. approves批准；D. needs需要。根据前文“make it affordable for everyone(让每个人都能负担得起)”可知，此处指使每个需要购买产品的人支付得起，故选择D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Heman在非洲的埃塞俄比亚长大，经常看到人们在外面工作时被烈日晒伤。A. constantly不断地，经常；B. rarely罕见地；C. objectively客观地；D. fortunately幸运地。结合上文“His goal was to create a 2 that could treat skin cancer(他的目标是创造一个可以治疗皮肤癌症的产品)”、“Growing up in Ethiopia, Africa(在非洲埃塞俄比亚长大)”和下文“saw people getting sunburned by the hot sun working outside(看到人们在外面工作时被烈日灼伤)”提到Heman想要研制出便宜的治疗皮肤癌的产品，以及炎热的非洲可知，他应是经常看到人们被烈日晒伤，故选择A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到人们在外面工作时被烈日灼伤 A. lose失去；B. think想，思考；C. use使用；D. report报告。根据下文的转折词“But”以及“he realized how serious skin cancer really was(意识到癌症的严重程度)”可知，他后来才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故此处指他小时候认为这没什么大不了的，not think much of sth “认为某物不怎么样”，故选择B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但随着他长大，他意识到皮肤癌有多严重。A. walked in走进来；B. turned up出现；C. grew up长大；D. gave in放弃。此处和上文“when he was really little(当他还很小的时候)”形成对比，指他长大后才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故选择C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌是可以治愈的，而且在大多数情况下是可以治疗的。A. preventable可预防的；B. complex复杂的；C. deadly致命的；D. treatable可治愈的。根据“Skin cancer does have cures(皮肤癌症确实有治愈方法)”可知，皮肤癌在大多数情况下时可以治疗的，故选择D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，皮肤癌治疗的平均价格几乎是4万美元。A. price价格；B. speed速度； C. wage工资； D. life生活。根据“＄40,000”可知，此处指治疗的价格是4万美元，故选择A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当听到这个令人震惊的数字时，Heman计划创造一个更实惠、更容易获得的解决方案。A. news消息；B. figure数字；C. secret秘密；D. sound声音。此处是指上文的“＄40,000”这个数字，故选择B项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当听到这个令人震惊的数字时，Heman计划创造一个更实惠、更容易获得的解决方案。A. temporary暂时的；B. peaceful和平的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. possible可能的。根据第一段中“and make it affordable for everyone who ___3___ it(他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。)”可知，Heman计划创造一个更实惠的解决方案，故选择C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的工作为他赢得了今年3M青年科学家挑战赛的奖项，这项比赛鼓励孩子们想出独特的方法来解决日常问题。A. speech演讲；B. honesty诚实；C. plan计划； D. work工作。根据上一段中“He started doing experiments and working on different things.( 他开始做实验，研究不同的东西)”可知，此处指他所做的工作为他赢得了奖项，故选择D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的工作为他赢得了今年3M青年科学家挑战赛的奖项，这项比赛鼓励孩子们想出独特的方法来解决日常问题。A. reminds提醒B. encourages鼓励；C. warns警告；D. orders要求。主语that指代“a competition”，比赛应是鼓励人们想办法解决问题，故选择B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Heman第一次听到获奖的消息时，他感到非常惊讶和高兴。A. overjoyed狂喜；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed生气的。根据“when he first heard the news of his award(“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。)”可知，得知获奖应是感到高兴，故选择A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. inspiring令人鼓舞的；D. tiring令人疲惫的。根据“to see that my ideas can be ___15___ and seen by the science community(“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。)”可知，自己的想法被科学家认可，这是鼓舞人心的事情，故选择C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。A. protected保护；B. permitted允许；C. guided指导；D. recognized认可。上文提到Heman获奖，故此处指想法被认可，故选择D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emojis are widely used in our daily lives and have become ___36___ important way of communication. The first emojis were created in 1999 by Japanese designer Shigetaka Kurita, ___37___ worked on a mobile Internet platform ___38___ (call) i-mode. Kurita attempted to develop a simple way for people ___39___ (express) emotions in short text messages.
As emojis gained ___40___ (popular), they faced a significant technical hurdle (障碍) : early emojis could not ___41___ (send) across different mobile platforms, since there was no standardized encoding (编码). This issue was resolved in 2010 by the Unicode Consortium, an organization responsible ___42___ maintaining a standardized encoding of text and symbols across platforms. This allowed for cross-platform communication and continued expansion in emoji usage worldwide.
Given ___43___ (they) origins in Japan, many early emoji characters were reflective of Japanese culture. As they’ve spread ___44___ (global), new characters have been added to account for cultural differences and provide a more universal means of communication. Users must also consider cultural sensitivities when ____45____ (communicate) via emojis, as certain symbols can have hugely different meanings across different cultures.
【答案】36. an 37. who
38. called 39. to express
40. popularity
41. be sent
42. for 43. their
44. globally
municating
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了表情符号的起源以及传播过程。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：表情符号在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用，已经成为一种重要的交流方式。可数名词way此处为泛指，用不定冠词修饰，且important是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1999年，日本设计师Shigetaka Kurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Shigetaka Kurita，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。
38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1999年，日本设计师Shigetaka Kurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。分析句子结构可知call与逻辑主语platform构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Kurita试图开发一种简单让人们在短信中表达情感的方法。在way后用动词不定式作后置定语，意为“做某事的方法”。故填to express。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。作gain的宾语，应用名词popularity，不可数。故填popularity。
【41题详解】
考查语态。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且could not后跟动词原形。故填be sent。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个问题在2010年由Unicode联盟解决，该联盟负责维护跨平台文本和符号的标准化编码。短语be responsible for表示“负责”。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：由于它们起源于日本，许多早期的表情符号都反映了日本文化。修饰名词origins应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着它们在全球范围内的传播，新的汉字被添加进来，以解释文化差异，并提供一种更通用的交流方式。修饰动词spread应用副词globally，故填globally。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用户在使用表情符号交流时还必须考虑文化敏感性，因为某些符号在不同的文化中可能有截然不同的含义。此处为状语从句的省略，且communicate与users构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填communicating。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。最近你校组织留学生外出参观。请给负责此事的老师Smith写一封邮件，向他推荐本市的民俗文化馆(Folk Culture Museum)。内容包括：
1.说明写信事由；
2.介绍文化馆特色。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
Knowing that our school is organizing foreign students to go out to visit, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum.
There are many things to do in the museum. What impresses visitors most is that a variety of cultural handicrafts, such as musical instruments, farm tools, etc. are exhibited in different halls. What’s more, with the help of professional guides, visitors will have a better understanding of the history and development of Chinese folk culture.
I believe the students will be deeply attracted by the folk culture and fall in love with it.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校组织留学生外出参观，要求考生以学生会主席的身份给负责此事的老师Smith写一封邮件，向他推荐本市的民俗文化馆。
【详解】1.词汇积累
组织：organize→ plan
给……留下深刻印象：impress sb. → leave a deep impression on sb.
各种各样的：a variety of→ various
专业的：professional→ specialized
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing that our school is organizing foreign students to go out to visit, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum.
拓展句：Because I know that our school is organizing foreign students to go out to visit, I am writing to recommend the local Folk Culture Museum.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What impresses visitors most is that a variety of cultural handicrafts, such as musical instruments, farm tools, etc. are exhibited in different halls.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】I believe the students will be deeply attracted by the folk culture and fall in love with it.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a hot day. The sun scorched (炙烤) down and everywhere you looked, you could see the heat waves blowing above the sand. John rolled over, realizing that half of his body was well and truly burnt. He had not meant to sleep in the sun but the heat and late nights studying for his examinations made him miserable. Stretching, he got to his feet, picked up his surfboard and looked around. The beach, which had earlier been crowded in the sun, was now comparatively empty. Seagulls flew down to clean up the food of people’s picnic lunches.
The ice-cream van had gone, and so were the lifeguards who were doing first aid on the beach. John looked up to where the sun was and estimated it was about five o’clock. Time to head home. It was “Mum’s Kitchen Rule” that had him moving homewards. If he did not get home in time for dinner, he would go hungry. Wandering along the water’s edge, he happened to glance out to sea. What made him look up at that particular moment, he never knew, but it was the right time for the swimmer he spotted. His hand was up, signaling distress (险情) and he was calling out something.
Quickly John glanced around the beach — no one else was close enough to help the man, and crucially, no one had noticed. Cupping his hands to his mouth, he shouted “Help” to get the attention of other people on the beach. Someone waved back to him and John pointed to the swimmer. “Get help,” he shouted. Then without hesitation, he jumped into the sea with his surfboard. John was a strong swimmer and had a good skill for distance swimming. His coach had tried hard to persuade him to go into competitions but he was not interested.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Now he was swimming for more than enjoyment or medals.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fortunately, the sea was not rough and there was no wave.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Now he was swimming for more than enjoyment or medals. He was swimming to save someone’s life. He swam very fast. “I must be close to him now” he thought. Then he heard the man cry anxiously. “Help me, I’m hurt.” As John reached him, he started to reassure him, “It’s OK, mister. I’ll get you to the shore.” “Easier said than done,” John thought to himself. “This man’s big.” He helped the man get on his board.
Fortunately, the sea was not rough and there was no wave. As John reached the shallow water, willing hands appeared to help carry the man ashore. John sat down and began to recover his breath. A small crowd gathered around the swimmer. “They must know what to do,” John thought with relief, reaching for his board and standing up. He figured that since no one needed him, he had better go home before he missed out on his dinner. No one noticed him leave.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了约翰正准备从海边回家，发现海中有一个人的手举着，表示遇险，他在喊什么。约翰迅速扫视了一下海滩——没有其他人离得足够近来帮助这个人，关键的是，没有人注意到他。他把双手捧在嘴上，大喊“救命”，以引起海滩上其他人的注意。他毫不犹豫地拿着冲浪板跳进了海里。约翰是一名游泳健将，而且擅长长距离游泳。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“现在，他游泳不仅仅是为了享受或获得奖牌。”可知，第一段可以描写约翰进入海中后二人的交流和约翰对他的救助。
②由第二段句首内容“幸运的是，海面并不汹涌，没有波浪。”可知，第二段可以描写翰进把人救上岸后的心理活动人们的反应。
2.续写线索：跳入海中——努力救人——上岸——有人帮忙——回家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拯救：save/ rescue
②呼喊：cry/ shout
③开始：start/ begin
情绪类
①焦急地：anxiously/ worriedly
②欣慰地：with relief/ thankfully
【点睛】【高分句型1】As John reached him, he started to reassure him, “It’s OK, mister. I’ll get you to the shore.” ( 运用了As引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】“They must know what to do,” John thought, reaching for his board and standing up. ( 运用了现在分词reaching作状语)
【高分句型3】He figured that since no one needed him, he had better go home before he missed out on his dinner. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和before引导的时间状语从句)九校联盟2023~2024学年度下学期高二期中联合考试
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：至外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 3。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man’s father do at home
A. Wash the dishes. B. Sweep the floor. C. Do some cooking.
2. How was the weather in Portugal during the woman’s stay
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
3. Why does the man get a low final grade
A. The professor made a mistake.
B. He missed some classes this term.
C. He didn’t do well on the last test.
4. What does the woman think of old poems
A. They are easy to understand. B. They are interesting. C. They are too long.
5. What does the man probably want to do now
A. Sell a flat. B. Rent a house. C. Buy some furniture.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the woman send the man
A. A text message. B. A music video. C. An e-mail.
7. What is the man dissatisfied with about the cell phone
A. Its sound quality. B. Its color. C. Its screen size.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man going to do this Wednesday
A. Clean up his office. B. Go on a business trip. C. Buy some new products.
9. What is the woman probably
A. A tour guide. B. A product designer. C. A manager.
10. When is the interview scheduled at last
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How does Mr. Brown feel
A. Upset. B. Happy. C. Surprised.
12. How did the woman get Mr. Brown’s address
A. Through a call. B. Through an e-mail. C. Through a website.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues.
B. Fellow travelers.
C. Shop assistant and customer.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Serve food. B. Clean the garden. C. Arrange the seating.
15. What will the woman do
A. Call Jane. B. Put on a uniform. C. Have a meeting.
16. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker doing
A. Watching a film. B. Directing a film. C. Introducing a film.
18. What does the speaker say about Daniel Craig
A. He has made few films so far.
B. He refuses to do dangerous actions.
C. He is the perfect actor for James Bond.
19. How does the speaker find the beginning of the film Quantum of Solace
A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Moving.
20. What do we know about the film Quantum of Solace
A. It lasts less than two hours.
B. The actress doesn’t perform well.
C. It has more jokes than old Bond films.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Language Learning Programs
LingQ
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LingQ is a web-based language learning system and offers lessons in 37 languages, including Spanish, Chinese and so on. You’ll have access to their apps, vocabulary features, one-on-one English conversations, group conversations, writing corrections and a huge variety of learning activities and quizzes. It has a community aspect that rewards you with a backpack for helping your peers (同伴).
Assimil
Price: $61 per month
A language learning program from France, Assimil has many foreign language products. The program offers 14 different languages, including a full e-course, CDs and downloadable or printed textbooks.
Alison
Price: Free
Do you need to learn a language for work or business at your own pace (步调) Give Alison a try. Stick with a single language or learn several from nine options: Japanese, German, Spanish, French, Chinese, Irish, Arabic, English or Swedish. Access to its video lessons, with ads, is free—and you can take as many different courses as you’d like.
Rosetta Stone
Price: $7. 99 per month
Rosetta Stone includes online classes, games and mobile apps. This resource is recommended for long-term learners rather than those looking for quick phrase-building. The program promises to provide learners with 25 different languages, featuring well-rounded courses that deal with all aspects of a language.
1. What may happen if learners help peers in LingQ
A. They will get rewarded. B. They can receive a discount.
C. They will be praised by teachers. D. They can use the apps for free.
2. Which program offers the fewest languages
A. LingQ. B. Assimil. C. Rosetta Stone. D. Alison.
3. How much should you pay if you learn in Rosetta Stone for ten months
A. $7. 99. B. $61. C. $79. 9. D. $610.
B
Exploring the peaks (山顶) of the world’s highest mountains or the secrets of space has become almost second nature for Poorna Malavath and Kavya Manyapu. It has taken Manyapu to NASA where her research has included designing space suits, and Malavath to the top of Mount Everest in 2014, when she became the youngest ever woman to climb the world’s highest mountain at the age of just 13.
Now, the two women have channeled their exploring spirit into climbing some of the world’s most difficult mountains as part of their campaign, Project Shakthi, which raises money to fund girls’ education.
At the end of August, they climbed a 6,012-meter virgin peak in Ladakh, India-one previously unmapped and untouched by humans, Never climbed before, the mountain presented difficult challenges for even an experienced mountaineer like Malavath, for there were neither routes to follow nor advice from previous climbers to cling to. “We have to prepare ourselves mentally to accept everything,” Malavath says.
Every member of the team experienced some form of altitude sickness (高原反应) while climbing up the virgin peak. Rainy weather conditions that turned to snow at high altitudes added to the complexities of climbing the mountain. And for a relatively inexperienced climber like Manyapu, though she had trained extensively, the challenges were even greater.
In the group’s darkest moments on the journey they found motivation in Project Shakthi’s purpose: “We climb so that girls can read”, a deeply personal cause for both Malavath and Manyapu.
In the meantime, the project has already begun selecting girls who will receive its sponsorship through the $12,000 it has raised so far. “Poorna and I actually visited our village back in India right after we completed our exploration of the virgin peak,” Manyapu says, “And we are starting the project in our village because that’s where our roots are.”
Eventually, the project will aim to sponsor girls across the globe, empowering them and offering them opportunities to receive education.
4. What is the purpose of Project Shakthi
A. To design space suits. B. To map mountain peaks.
C. To explore the secrets of space. D. To collect money for girls’ education.
5. What does the underlined phrase “cling to” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Ignore. B. Turn down. C. Rely on. D. Give.
6. Which of the following best describes climbing the virgin peak
A. Dangerous. B. Unnecessary. C. Unchallenging. D. Interesting.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. Kavya Manyapu’s Achievements in Studying Space
B. Two Successful Women Climbed a Mountain for Charity
C. Girls in the Villages Have Long Suffered Unfair Treatment
D. Difficulties Poorna Malavath Experienced When Climbing Mount Everest
C
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society suggests that Leonardo da Vinci was more experimental with his well-known “Mona Lisa” than previously thought and was likely the creator of a technique seen in works used a century later.
A team of scientists in France and Britain has detected a rare mineral compound (矿物化合物), plumbonacrite, within the piece. Plumbonacrite forms when lead oxides (铅氧化物) combine with oil. Mixing these two substances is the technique that later artists like Rembrandt used to help the paint dry, according to the study.
Detecting the rare compound in the “Mona Lisa” suggested that Leonardo could have been the original user of this approach, said Gilles Wallez, an author of the study. “Everything that comes from Leonardo is very interesting, because he had lots of ideas, and he was an experimenter, attempting to improve the knowledge of his time,” Wallez said, “Each time you discovered something in his processes, you discovered that he was clearly ahead of his time.”
The “Mona Lisa”, like many other paintings from the 16th century, was created on a piece of wood that required a thick base layer. The researchers believed that Leonardo had made his mixture of lead oxide powder with linseed oil to produce the thick coat of paint needed for the first layer, while unknowingly creating the rare compound.
Nowadays, researchers aren’t allowed to take samples from the masterpiece, which resides at the Louvre in Paris and is protected behind glass. Using a microsample that had been taken from an area of the artwork just behind the frame, however, scientists were able to analyze the paint by using a high-tech machine. “These samples have a very high cultural value,” Wallez said. “You can’t afford to take big samples on a painting.”
8. Why is Rembrandt mentioned in paragraph 2
A. To demonstrate his unique talent for painting.
B. To explain how he used the technique correctly.
C. To stress what made him different from other painters.
D To show the technique was useful for drying the paint.
9. What did Wallez think of Leonardo da Vinci
A. Independent. B. Strict. C. Pioneering. D. Friendly.
10. How did researchers think Leonardo da Vinci created the rare compound
A. By accident. B. With other painters’ help.
C. By reading many books. D. Through various attempts.
11. What can be learned about the “Mona Lisa” from the last paragraph
A. It didn’t contain plumbonacrite. B. Analyzing its paint is invaluable but costly.
C. It was created in the 17th century. D. Taking its samples is an easy task now.
D
Smart and highly sensitive (灵敏的), a new soft sensor developed by UBC (University of British Columbia) and Honda researchers opens the door to a wide range of applications in robotics and prosthetics (假肢).
When applied to the surface of prosthetic or robotic arms, the sensor skin provides touch sensitivity and flexibility, making it possible for difficult tasks to be completed by machines, such as picking up a piece of soft fruit. The sensor is also soft to the touch, like human skin, which helps make human interactions safer and more lifelike.
“Our sensor uses weak electric fields to sense objects even at a distance, much as touchscreens do. But unlike touchscreens, this sensor is soft and can detect (检测) forces into and along its surface,” explained Dr. John Madden, senior study author and a professor of electrical and computer engineering who leads the Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory at UBC.
The UBC team developed the technology in cooperation with Frontier Robotics, Honda’s research institute. Honda has been innovating in humanoid robotics since the 1980s, and developed the well-known ASIMO (Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility) robot. It has also developed devices to assist walking and the emerging Honda Avatar Robot.
“Dr. Madden’s lab has significant expertise in flexible sensors and we’re happy to cooperate with this team in developing touch sensors that can be applied to robots.” said Mr. Ishizaki Ryusuke, one of the study’s lead authors and chief engineer at Frontier Robotics.
Dr. Madden said. “Human skin has a hundred times more sensing point s on a fingertip than our technology does, making it easier to light a match or sew. As sensors continue to develop to be more skin-like, and can also detect temperature and even damage, there is a need for robots to be smarter about which sensors to pay attention to and how to respond. Developments in sensors and artificial intelligence will need to go hand in hand.”
12. What do we know about the new sensor
A. Its surface feels soft. B. It is far from sensitive.
C. Its interaction with humans seems unsafe. D. It is unable to pick up a piece of fruit.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the new sensor
A. Its types. B. Its structures.
C. Its advantages. D. Its directions for use.
14. What is Mr. Ishizaki Ryusuke’s attitude toward the UBC team
A. Doubtful. B. Positive.
C. Unconcerned. D. Unclear.
15. What can be learned from the last paragraph
A. Human skin is easily hurt. B. A fingertip has few sensing points.
C Sensors can light matches easily. D. Robots need further improvement.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we set goals, self-motivation plays a key role. At first, you might feel energetic and work toward your goals at full stretch. ___16___ , you can feel discouraged and find it difficult to stay motivated. The following tips will help you to overcome the decrease in motivation and stay on track toward achieving goals.
___17___
Sometimes having a big goal makes it difficult to even know where to begin. Breaking down a big goal into smaller tasks will help to lay out the steps toward success.
Get enough rest
When it comes to achieving a goal, rest is just as important as working hard. Make sure you get enough sleep. A study shows that sleep has a major impact on overall health and performance. As it turns out, having enough sleep can actually have positive effects on your brain. ___18___ .
Celebrate small wins
When hard work pays off, you certainly deserve a moment to celebrate. ___19___ , whether that means buying something nice. taking the afternoon off. having a hot bath. or enjoying your favorite meal.
Surround yourself with supportive people
___20___ . There is no doubt that you’ll need cheerleaders on the sidelines who can lift you up when self-motivation drops. So when you feel discouraged, don’t hesitate to ask for help from those supportive people to stay motivated.
A. Set higher goals
B. If you ask for help
C. Break down big goals into smaller ones
D. Mark each small success by treating yourself
E. But when results don’t happen as quickly as you’d like
F. So give yourself a chance to “turn off” by taking breaks
G. People who have a good support system have a better chance of succeeding
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
He man Bekele was not atypical high school student.____21____spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. His goal was to create a____22____that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who____23____it.
Growing up in Ethiopia, Africa, He man____24____saw people getting sunburned by the hot sun working outside. He didn’t____25____much of it when he was really little, but a she____26____he realized how serious skin cancer really was.
Skin cancer does have cures and it is___27___in most cases. However, the average___28___of skin cancer treatment is almost $40, 000. When hearing the shocking____29____, He man planned to create a more_____30_____and accessible solution. He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project.
His_____31_____won him the prize in this year’s 3M Young Scientist’s Challenge a competition that_____32_____kids to think of unique ways to solve everyday problems. He man was so surprised and_____33_____when he first heard the news of his award. “It’s_____34_____to see that my ideas can be _____35_____and seen by the science community,” he said.
21. A. Due to B. As for C. Rather than D. Regardless of
22. A. website B. product C. hospital D. school
23. A. invests B. promotes C. approves D. needs
24. A. constantly B. rarely C. objectively D. fortunately
25. A. lose B. think C. use D. report
26. A. walked in B. turned up C. grew up D. gave in
27. A. preventable B. complex C. deadly D. treatable
28. A. price B. speed C. wage D. life
29. A. news B. figure C. secret D. sound
30. A. temporary B. peaceful C. affordable D. possible
31. A. speech B. honesty C. plan D. work
32. A. reminds B. encourages C. warns D. orders
33. A. overjoyed B. embarrassed C. frightened D. annoyed
34. A. puzzling B. disappointing C. inspiring D. tiring
35. A. protected B. permitted C. guided D. recognized
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emojis are widely used in our daily lives and have become ___36___ important way of communication. The first emojis were created in 1999 by Japanese designer Shigetaka Kurita, ___37___ worked on a mobile Internet platform ___38___ (call) i-mode. Kurita attempted to develop a simple way for people ___39___ (express) emotions in short text messages.
As emojis gained ___40___ (popular), they faced a significant technical hurdle (障碍) : early emojis could not ___41___ (send) across different mobile platforms, since there was no standardized encoding (编码). This issue was resolved in 2010 by the Unicode Consortium, an organization responsible ___42___ maintaining a standardized encoding of text and symbols across platforms. This allowed for cross-platform communication and continued expansion in emoji usage worldwide.
Given ___43___ (they) origins in Japan, many early emoji characters were reflective of Japanese culture. As they’ve spread ___44___ (global), new characters have been added to account for cultural differences and provide a more universal means of communication. Users must also consider cultural sensitivities when ____45____ (communicate) via emojis, as certain symbols can have hugely different meanings across different cultures.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。最近你校组织留学生外出参观。请给负责此事的老师Smith写一封邮件，向他推荐本市的民俗文化馆(Folk Culture Museum)。内容包括：
1.说明写信事由；
2.介绍文化馆特色。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a hot day. The sun scorched (炙烤) down and everywhere you looked, you could see the heat waves blowing above the sand. John rolled over, realizing that half of his body was well and truly burnt. He had not meant to sleep in the sun but the heat and late nights studying for his examinations made him miserable. Stretching, he got to his feet, picked up his surfboard and looked around. The beach, which had earlier been crowded in the sun, was now comparatively empty. Seagulls flew down to clean up the food of people’s picnic lunches.
The ice-cream van had gone, and so were the lifeguards who were doing first aid on the beach. John looked up to where the sun was and estimated it was about five o’clock. Time to head home. It was “Mum’s Kitchen Rule” that had him moving homewards. If he did not get home in time for dinner, he would go hungry. Wandering along the water’s edge, he happened to glance out to sea. What made him look up at that particular moment, he never knew, but it was the right time for the swimmer he spotted. His hand was up, signaling distress (险情) and he was calling out something.
Quickly John glanced around the beach — no one else was close enough to help the man, and crucially, no one had noticed. Cupping his hands to his mouth, he shouted “Help” to get the attention of other people on the beach. Someone waved back to him and John pointed to the swimmer. “Get help,” he shouted. Then without hesitation, he jumped into the sea with his surfboard. John was a strong swimmer and had a good skill for distance swimming. His coach had tried hard to persuade him to go into competitions but he was not interested.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Now he was swimming for more than enjoyment or medals.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fortunately, the sea was not rough and there was no wave.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
