2024届 高考英语 二轮复习 阅读理解 强化训练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2024届 高考英语 二轮复习 阅读理解 强化训练（含解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-14 22:13:09 | ||
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Passage 1
Milan is Italy's fashion capital. Milan has it all, whether you love fashion, homeware, or jewellery. Let us help you get started with the best fashion destinations in Milan.
Quadrilatero della Moda
This is Milan's fashion soul. Think about some famous designers. They will most likely have an atelier (工作室) here. It is one of the main shopping streets in the world, along with Paris' Avenue des Champs Elysées and New York's Fifth Avenue.
But walking along these streets isn't only about shopping. It's also about sightseeing. As you walk past the luxury (奢侈品) brands, you'll see some of Milan's most famous landmarks, including Palazzo Morando and Poldi Pezzoli Museum.
Opening times: Most shops between 10：00 and 19：00 or 20：00
Nearest station: 4 minute walk from
Montenapoleone
Corso Vercelli
If you're wondering where local people in Milan go shopping, it's Corso Vercelli. It is close to Fiera Milano, not too far from Parco Sempione.
The roots of this avenue date back to the late 19th century, when it was particularly favoured by tax and duty laws. Today, it offers exciting shopping opportunities with smaller crowds. The historic tram crossing the area gives it a unique atmosphere.
Opening times：Most shops between 10：00 and 19：00 or 20：00
Nearest station：4 minute walk from Pagano Station
Sempione Area
The area around Parco Sempione is one of the most picturesque areas. It offers endless shopping opportunities—both high end and budget friendly.
Thanks to the wide range of restaurants, bars and clubs, it's trendy among students and young professionals, making it the perfect place to grab a bargain.
If you head east from the park, you'll be bound to come across Milan's Chinatown—the largest and oldest in Italy, where you'll find plenty of affordable knick knacks (小装饰物) and furniture.
Opening times: Most shops between 9：30 and 19：30 or 20：30
Nearest station: 14 minute walk from Milan Cadorna Station
Another place is the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele Ⅱ， which houses stores like Louis Vuitton and expensive restaurants. If you are looking for upscale fashion and jewellery stores, via Brera and Corso Buenos Aires are your go to destinations.
Opening times: Mostly between 10：00 and 20：00
1．Who will be most interested in visiting Corso Vercelli
A．Those with generous budgets who look for luxury brands.
B．People who are curious about Milan's local life and history.
C．Fashion students and young professionals.
D．Sightseers from the Greater China.
2．In which place can you shop for a longer period of time
A．Quadrilatero della Moda. B．Sempione Area.
C．Corso Vercelli. D．Galleria Vittorio Emanuele Ⅱ.
3．What is the text mainly about
A．Why Milan is called Italy's fashion capital.
B．How to travel around Milan for shopping
C．Some of the best places for shopping in Milan.
D．A couple of exciting things to do in Milan.
Passage 2
ReadingArt: ArtforBookLovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate__to．
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off line” activity.
4．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An introduction to a book. B．An essay on the art of writing.
C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A review of modern paintings.
5．What are the selected artworks about
A．Wealth and intellect. B．Home and school.
C．Books and reading. D．Work and leisure.
6．What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Understand. B．Paint. C．Seize. D．Transform.
7．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e reader
A．The printed book is not totally out of date. B．Technology has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D．People now rarely have the patience to read.
Passage 3
What sort of scenery do you find most appealing Researchers in the U．K. asked volunteers that question, doing an online photo rating game, and the result is what you'd expect. “Beautiful mountains, enough greenery, beautiful water features like lakes and oceans，” says Chanuki Seresinhe, a data scientist at the Warwick Business School. The more surprising finding was that human built structures, towers and cottages, could enhance the understanding of the beauty of a scene. And big expanses of green grass like athletic fields didn't actually rate that highly.
What they did next is where the data science comes in: They fed a computer 160, 000 photographs rated through the online game. And they taught the machine to break each image into the scenic elements it contained, snowy mountains, waterfalls, crosswalks and construction sites.
Then they presented the computer with a challenge: They asked it to rate the scenic beauty of other photos it had never seen before. And it actually did pretty well at estimating the average crowd sourced consensus(共识) of beauty. The study is in the journal RoyalSocietyOpenScience.
Smart as it is, the scenery loving computer probably won't be putting tour guides out of business.
“Actually I think it can help tour guides, because what's interesting is that I think maybe it can actually uncover places that might not have been that popular.” And Seresinhe says the system might also help city planners more objectively evaluate the scenic beauty of new urban developments. “We can also now look at how to design cities that people find more beautiful and which people might want to actually spend more time in.” If the computer doesn't become truly intelligent, humans may express subjective opinions entirely on their own.
8．What surprised you more in the game
A．Athletic fields were popular. B．Human built structures rated highly.
C．Natural landscapes were appealing. D．The views of scene beauty varied among volunteers.
9．What's the attitude of the writer towards computers
A．Approving. B．Subjective. C．Sceptical. D．Negative.
10．How does the writer develop the text
A．By providing examples. B．By analyzing results.
C．By comparing findings. D．By asking questions.
11．Who can benefit a lot from the findings in the text
A．City planners. B．Computer programmers.
C．Newspaper editors. D．Insurance agents.
Passage 4
Indian stepwells(阶梯井) are nothing new, having provided access to fresh water for years before they were abandoned. And while they are a part of Indian cultural heritage, they lost their purpose for some time. As the extreme droughts are rocking India, these ancient stepwells are restored for what they do best—providing water.
Shaped like an upside down pyramid(金字塔) digging into the ground and lined by thousands of steps, stepwells can collect rainwater. They are wonderfully efficient at providing water for nearly 1，500 years. Sadly, over 3，000 stepwells have either been abandoned or left to rot, with some even covered by garbage. Now, thanks to the restoration programme, stepwells will come full circle.
Since the restoration process began, at least 15 wells have been restored in the city of Delhi. The cost will be around $ 60，000, but by doing so, the water supply for the city could reach an additional 33，000 gallons. Rajkumar Sharma, a local citizen，said，“I was elated at the reuse of the stepwells. The stepwell in our village was the only source of water. With time going by, it dried up and changed into a place for rubbish. We now have access to clean water for drinking and other purposes.”
Historian Rana Safvi explained，“Costly and painstaking as this program is, repairing these traditional stepwells to their former glory provides water for many. But apart from that, it also spotlights the beautiful architecture features of ancient India. This helps attract tourists and can also be used in religious ceremonies.”She added，“These stepwell restorations not only help India reduce the impact of droughts, but also are promise of a better future for India overall.”
12．Why are the stepwells in India restored
A．They have a new purpose. B．They are cultural heritage.
C．They can ease water shortage. D．They are in poor condition.
13．What does the underlined word “elated” Paragraph 3 mean
A．Encouraged. B．Shocked. C．Impressed. D．Thrilled.
14．What's Rana Safvi's attitude to the program
A.Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Tolerant. D．Uncaring.
15．What does this text mainly talk about
A．Stepwells are brought back to life. B．Stepwells make India more attractive.
C．Stepwells offer a new solution to droughts. D．Stepwells provide convenience for Indians.
Passage 5
·Do an anonymous(匿名的)act of kindness for someone.
·Leave a Smile Card behind to encourage them to pay it forward.
·Share your story here to spread the inspiration.
·Change the world, one kind act at a time.
ORDER SMILE CARDS
To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay it forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances, you can also place a large quantity of requests.
Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!
ABOUT US
KindSpring is a place to practice small acts of kindness. For over a decade the KindSpring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100% volunteer run and totally non commercial. It is a shared labor of love.
16．When can you use a Smile Card
A．Your friend's birthday is approaching. B．Your classmate has won first prize.
C．You've ordered lunch for a poor friend. D．You find your classmate in low spirits.
17．To order Smile Cards, you have to ________．
A．pay for them in advance B．place a large quantity of requests
C．mail some necessary information D．tell what favor you will do for others
18．The purpose of using Smile Cards is to encourage people to ________．
A．spread kindness B．become volunteers
C．advertise for KindSpring D．pay others' kindness back
Passage 6
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re occupying large areas of their former range，” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U．S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
19．How do Americans look at grizzlies
A．They cause mixed feelings in people. B．They should be kept in national parks.
C．They are of high scientific value. D．They are a symbol of American culture.
20．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population
A．The European settlers' behavior. B．The expansion of bears' range.
C．The protection by law since 1975. D．The support of Native Americans.
21．What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de listing grizzlies
A．The opposition of conservation groups. B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C．The voice of the biologists. D．The local farmers' advocates.
22．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Food should be provided for grizzlies. B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C．A special path should be built for grizzlies. D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
Passage 7
There are many different types of houses in the UK. You may see detached, semi detached, terraced (排屋的) houses or even end of terrace houses on a typical street. You might see apartments in wealthier parts of town, or people living in bungalows, preferring to live a life without stairs. Strange cottages may dot the countryside, while heading to the cities you could see any number of types of flats，including houses turned into flats, studios and duplexes (复式公寓). But one thing you will notice is that many houses come from different eras, and asking the British about their ideal home，many of them will have a specific period property (特性) in mind.
For some, it could be Victorian houses，which are often seen with bay windows, high ceilings, stained glass doors and colored brickwork. During the Victorian era, a huge number of houses, particularly terraced, were built in towns and cities to accommodate vast numbers of workers who were moving from more rural areas.
Georgian architecture refers to houses built during the period of 1714 and 1830 during the rule of four British monarchs. Usually houses with this architectural style have a more symmetrical theme, both internally and externally, with a small square garden in front. For those not into older properties, new buildings from the 1990s onwards offer better insulation (隔热，绝缘) against the cold and newer electrics. And those who prefer less repairs could always go with the open plan or minimalist look of the modern era.
So, whether it's high ceilings, better insulation, brickwork, bungalows or square gardens, people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live. And their ideal home may just simply be a case of what style feels like home.
23．What do the Victorian houses have
A．A small square garden in front. B．High ceilings and colored brickwork.
C．A more symmetrical theme than any other era. D．Broken windows and stainless doors.
24．Why does the author mention Victorian and Georgian houses
A．To display the wisdom of the architects. B．To introduce the origin of them.
C．To attract people to British houses. D．To show the diversity of British houses.
25．What can we learn from the text
A．The preference of British for the houses. B．The history of the Georgian houses.
C．The house structures of Britain. D．The fine scenery in Britain.
26．What will the author probably talk about next
A．Ideal British home. B．Terraced houses.
C．Georgian houses. D．Square gardens.
Passage 8
When I stepped into the Samcheong Park Library in Seoul, I saw the future. The simple building had a nice selection of books and a cafe where readers could enjoy coffee while gazing at the leaves outside. It was specifically designed without any latest technology.
“What's so innovative about that？” a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers.“Why couldn't they both be innovative？” I asked.
We are constantly told that innovation is the most important force in our economy, without which we would be left behind. But that fear of missing out has led us to fall into the false traps of innovation over truly innovative ideas that may be simpler and more effective. This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated! Each year, businesses and individuals run around like broken toy robots, trying to figure out their strategy for the latest buzzword equipment.
At best, this is a waste of resources. Devices are bought, used and abandoned, as the technology's capabilities fall short of its promise. But at its worst, this approach can truly cause damage. Schools cut field trips to purchase tablets with few proven panies that applied AI to hiring have actually strengthened gender and racial prejudices.
True innovation isn't just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting “old” ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview (后视的) innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.
Look no farther than the streets of New York, which have been redesigned recently to accommodate cyclists with car free zones. The idea isn't new. It was created half a century ago, with the aim of bringing cities back to their residents. And while e reader sales have been exploding, Penguin just announced it would publish tiny printed books, an ideal solution for a market demanding both convenience and practicability.
27．Why is a librarian mentioned
A．To set an example. B．To cite an authority.
C．To make a prediction. D．To present an argument.
28．What does the underlined word “buzzword” mean in Para. 3
A．Fashionable. B．Affordable. C．Practical. D．Imaginative.
29．What does the writer agree with about innovation
A．Wasted resources lead to innovation. B．Magic devices encourage innovation.
C．Innovation should be human centered. D．The power of technology is undervalued.
30．What is probably the best title of the text
A．Innovation Is Not That Expensive B．The Future Lies in Returning to the Past
C．Some Best Ideas Are in the Rearview Mirror D．Innovation: The Most Important Force in Economy
Passage 9
Jennifer Rocha, who graduated from the University of California, San Diego, said she wanted to thank her parents for support by taking graduation photos in the fields where she had worked alongside them since she was in high school.
“I wanted to take those pictures out there, specifically in the fields, because that's what made me go to college，” Rocha said. “That was my dad's saying: If you don't pursue higher education, you're going to be working here for the rest of your life.” Rocha said her parents encouraged her and her siblings to pursue higher education.
She started working in the fields with her parents when she was a junior in high school. Each day, she would go home and work at planting strawberries overnight. “It was tough labor，” Rocha said as she remembered working late nights in the fields. “I was like, ‘You know what I don't want to be doing this my whole life.’”
Completing the past four years of college was not always easy for Rocha. While being a full time student, she also worked at the university's police department to help pay for her tuition. She worked long hours to fund her education. At times, her work shifts wouldn't end until 4 or 5 am, leaving only a few hours to spare before the next class. “I have class at like 8 am, and it's not worth my while driving and then coming back，” Rocha said. “So, I would just nap in my car and then go to class after that. It was tough times, but I mean, I got that diploma.”
Rocha hopes her photos and her story will be an inspiration to immigrant families. She said it was important to include her parents in her graduation photos. “I wanted to not just honor them but honor all the migrant skilled workers, because a lot of times they aren't recognized and we forget about them. My parents being migrant workers were able to have three girls get their college education, and they can do it too, and their kids can，” she said.
31．Why did Rocha take graduation photos in the fields
A．To thank her parents for their support. B．To remember her life in the countryside.
C．To show her preference for field work. D．To share her joy of finishing college.
32．What did Rocha's dad expect her to do
A．Help him support the family. B．Receive further education.
C．Find a well paid job. D．Become a skilled farmer.
33．Which of the following best describes Rocha's college life
A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Laborious. D．Carefree.
34．What does Rocha intend to do through her story
A．Stress the importance of education. B．Remind others of labor's value.
C．Win awards at college graduation. D．Inspire others to pursue education.
Passage 10
Andrew Bastawrous was 12 when he found out he could barely see. He was then socially awkward, failing at school and terrible at ball games.
Glasses turned his life around, yet even as a child he was aware of how lucky he was. Bastawrous grew up in the UK, but his family would visit poor parts of Egypt, where his parents were from. “Nobody there wore glasses, but I knew some people needed them，” he says. “It felt incredibly unfair. At 16, I decided I wasn't going to feel guilty about it any more.” He determined there and then to become an eye surgeon, and he did.
In 2011, he and his wife moved with their one year old son to a small town 5 hours' drive from Nairobi. They had limited electricity and running water. For 18 months, every time Bastawrous and his team set up their “mobile” eye clinic in yet another new location, they had to drag heavy, fragile hospital equipment cross country. There was another problem, as one local doctor described it, “We don't even have enough doctors and now you also want eye surgeons That's probably a pipe dream.”
All this convinced Bastawrous that something fundamental was needed. So he started exploring ways to replace his clinic with a single, convenient device: a smartphone. He co developed an app based visual test that gathers as much information as the classic one, using similar principles. The critical difference is that almost anyone can carry it out after just a few minutes of training. Bastawrous co founded a charitable company to develop and apply the technology more widely. His team also developed technologies that enabled a smartphone camera to take hospital grade images of the back of the eye.
That's a pretty good start, but Bastawrous has set his sights sky high. “I feel we're at a tipping point now where this enormous problem will become a historical thing. That's when I'll sleep easy，” he says.
35．What drove Bastawrous to become an eye surgeon
A．His personal misfortune. B．His burning sense of injustice.
C．His ambition to turn his life around. D．His guilt about leaving his home country.
36．What can we infer about Bastawrous's first 18 months in Africa
A．It's hard and problematic. B．It's challenging but fruitful.
C．It's adventurous and unrealistic. D．It's fundamental but innovative.
37．Bastawrous's innovation can be described as ________.
A．cheap and convenient treatments for patients B．a virtual and complete change from a classic test
C．a smart and popularised application of technology D．fast and effective training of medical professionals
38．What do Bastawrous's words in the last paragraph show
A．His modest attitude to his past achievements.
B．His optimistic views on the cure for blindness.
C．His strong belief in the effects of future technology.
D．His firm determination to carry on his challenging career.
Passage 1
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——文化与旅行——在米兰购物的几个好去处
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了米兰四个购物场所的情况。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据Corso Vercelli部分中的“where local people in Milan go shopping”“The roots of this avenue date back to the late 19th century”“The historic tram crossing the area gives it a unique atmosphere”可知，对米兰当地生活和历史感兴趣的人会对参观Corso Vercelli最感兴趣，故B项正确。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据关于四个地方的介绍中的Opening times尤其是Sempione Area部分中的“Opening times: Most shops between 9：30 and 19：30 or 20：30”可知，Sempione Area的购物持续时长为10到11个小时，这比其他几个地方的时间都长，故B项正确。
3．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。综观全文，尤其是第一段中的“the best fashion destinations in Milan”可知，本文主要讲述了在米兰购物的几个好去处，故C项正确。
Passage 2
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——生活与学习——关于书籍和阅读
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“ReadingArt: ArtforBookLovers is a celebration... three hundred artworks from museums around the world”可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。故选A。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. （艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点）”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
6．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. （艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点）”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments （这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻）”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
7．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader （它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性）”以及“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, ‘off line’ activity （印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的‘离线’活动的机会）”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
Passage 3
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——用电脑对风景进行评价并分级
【文章大意】 将图片信息储存进电脑，让电脑对风景分析评价，以帮助城市规划者更客观地评估新城市发展的风景美。
8．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The more surprising...rate that highly”可知，更令人惊讶的发现是，人类建造的建筑、塔楼和小屋可以增进人们对风景之美的理解；而像运动场这样有大片的绿色草地的地方实际上并没有得到很高的评价。据此可知，人们对人造建筑评价很高。
9．答案与解析：A 观点态度题。根据第三段的“And it actually...consensus（共识）of beauty”可知，作者认为，事实上电脑在评估大众对美的一般共识方面做得很好。据此可以推知，作者对电脑分析持赞同态度。
10．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。通读第二、三段可知，为了证明第一段提出的人们对人造建筑评价很高这个观点，研究人员在电脑中储存了16万张照片，通过在线游戏进行评分，结果证明，电脑在评估大众对美的一般共识方面做得很好。据此可以推知，作者使用了分析结果的方法来谋篇布局。
11．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“And Seresinhe says...urban developments”可知，电脑风景评价系统还可能帮助城市规划者更客观地评估新城市发展的风景美。据此可以推知，城市规划者可以从此发现中获益。
Passage 4
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——文化与传承——印度的“阶梯井”
【文章大意】 由于印度干旱，已经被废弃多年的“阶梯井”被重新修复使用，这不但解决了人们的饮水问题，也预示着整个印度的美好未来。
12．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“As the extreme droughts...providing water”可知，为了缓解干旱导致的水资源短缺，印度修复了阶梯井。
13．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下句“The stepwell in...source of water”可知，阶梯井是村里唯一的水源；根据该段尾句“We now have access...other purposes”可知，在修复阶梯井后，现在他们有了干净的饮用水和其他用途的水。据此可知，当地居民Sharma对此非常激动。故画线词与D项意思最接近。
14．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据尾段历史学家Rana Safvi所说的话可知，修复阶梯井不仅提供了水源，还突出了古印度美丽的建筑特色，这有助于吸引游客，有助于印度减少干旱带来的影响。据此可以推知，该历史学家对修复阶梯井持赞同态度。
15．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段尾句“As the extreme...providing water”为全文的主旨句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要陈述了印度已经被废弃多年的“阶梯井”被重新修复使用的原因和其作用，故A项最能概括文意。
Passage 5
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——健康生活——笑脸卡
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了微笑卡卡片，并讲述如何申请微笑卡，微笑卡的使用注意事项和背后负责的团队。
16．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章ORDER SMILE CARDS中Note的内容可知，当有人做了一件善事，可以留下一张微笑卡片。C项是为朋友做一件善事，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故选C。
17．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据“Please tell us...do using them”可知，在申请微笑卡片时需要填写一些信息以让负责团队对申请者申请卡片的意图和申请者想为人们做哪些事情有所了解，要订购微笑卡片，你需要说出你会为别人做什么。故选D。
18．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据ORDER SMILE CARDS部分Note中的“so that they know...the ripples going！”可知，寄卡片者在送出卡片前会为收卡片者做一件善事，这样收卡片者就会知道有人向他们伸出了援助之手，他们也会被邀请将这种善意传递下去。由此可知，使用微笑卡片是为了鼓励人们传播善意。故选A。
Passage 6
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——野生动物——美国灰熊
【文章大意】 讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2 000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
19．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. （灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们）”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。
20．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. （1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》）”以及第四段“Today, there are about 2, 000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. （如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀）”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
21．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. （如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上）”可知，是环保组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
22．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviously, if precautions aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. ‘Our hope is to have a clean, attractant free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，’ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. （显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。‘我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，’詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家）”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
Passage 7
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——英国人的房子
【文章大意】 本文介绍了英国房子的类型及反映英国不同时代特点的房子。
23．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，高高的天花板和彩砖是维多利亚时代房子的特点。故B项正确。
24．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，维多利亚时代的房子和建于1714年至1830年间的乔治王朝时期的房子有着明显不同的特点；再结合文章又介绍了20世纪90年代房子的特点（抗寒、电气设备新）可推知，作者提及维多利亚时代的房子和乔治王朝时期的房子是为了证明英国房子的多样性。故D项正确。
25．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第二、三段描述可知，文中介绍了维多利亚时代的房子和乔治王朝时期的房子，以及20世纪90年代的房子；再结合第四段中的“people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live”可知，英国人对房子有着广泛的偏好。故A项正确。
26．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段尾句可知，英国人理想的家就是他们有感觉的家。由此可推知，作者下一段有可能继续讨论英国人理想的家。故A项正确。
Passage 8
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与社会——创新与生活——什么是真正的创新
【文章大意】 作者由自己在首尔一家图书馆的经历引出什么是真正的创新这一话题，并通过论证告诉大家：真正的创新是不断反思、重新评估，是将传统的方法、工具应用到新的环境当中。
27．答案与解析：D 写作意图题。结合第一段可知，作者认为Samcheong Park Library传统复古的做法具有创新性，并将这张照片拿给多伦多的一位图书馆馆长欣赏，对方不以为然，于是，作者通过反问提出了自己的论点“难道复古的图书馆和智能设备不都是创新吗？”，故D项正确。
28．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing，you have innovated！”可知，错误的创新观认为购买新的东西即是创新；再结合第五段中的“novel technologies”可知，此处讲到的最新的设备应该是新潮的、时尚的设备，故A项与画线词的意义最为接近。此外，从做题的角度来讲，本题也可用排除法，将干扰项代入原文一一排除。
29．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“with the aim...convenience and practicability”可以推断，作者认同创新应该是以人为本的这个观点，故C项正确。
30．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。本文为议论文，根据本文论点“Why couldn't they （the Samcheong Park Library and digital technology） both be innovative？”和倒数第二段中的“these rearview（后视的）innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies”可知，本文主要讲述了后视的新发明和新技术一样具有变革性，故C项“一些最好的点子在后视镜里”最适合作本文标题。
Passage 9
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——接受高等教育
【文章大意】 加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业生Jennifer Rocha 为了感谢父母辛勤劳作供养自己上学，在她和父母干活的田地里拍摄了毕业照片，并用这些照片和她的故事来激励和她一样的移民家庭的孩子们接受高等教育。
31．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段“Jennifer Rocha...high school”可知，Jennifer Rocha在她和父母劳作的田地里拍摄毕业照片是为了感谢父母对她的支持。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If you don't pursue...of your life”可知，她的父亲鼓励她接受高等教育。
33．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容尤其是该段第一句“Completing the past...easy for Rocha”可知，该段主要描述了Jennifer Rocha的大学生活：她在大学的警察局做兼职挣学费，有时工作到凌晨，还要兼顾学业，十分辛苦。C项“辛苦的”，故C项正确。A项“令人激动的”；B项“令人厌倦（或厌烦）的”；D项“无忧无虑的”。
34．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Rocha hopes her...to immigrant families”再结合下文她讲的话可知，Rocha希望用这些照片和她的故事来激励其他移民家庭的孩子们接受教育。
Passage 10
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——人物故事——帮助近视者的眼科医生
【文章大意】 16岁那年，当Bastawrous目睹了埃及贫困地区的人们即使近视也没法佩戴眼镜的遭遇后，他就下定决心要做一名眼科医生。本文主要讲述了Bastawrous为此付出的努力及取得的成果。
35．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中Bastawrous所说的话“It felt incredibly unfair. At 16, I decided I wasn't going to feel guilty about it any more”可知，Bastawrous认为需要戴眼镜的人却无法戴眼镜，这是不公平的，这种不公正感使他做出了成为眼科医生的决定，故B项正确。
36．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For 18 months...they had to drag heavy ，fragile hospital equipment cross country...don't even have enough doctors”可以推断，起初18个月，Bastawrous和他的团队经历了一段艰难并且满是问题的时期，故A项正确。
37．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So he started...the technology more widely”可以推断，Bastawrous的创新可看作对技术的一种智能化和普及化的应用，故C项正确。
38．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I feel we're at a tipping point now where this enormous problem will become a historical thing. That's when I'll sleep easy”可推知，Bastawrous对于自己从事的工作充满了信心，并会在这条道路上坚定地走下去，故D项正确。
Milan is Italy's fashion capital. Milan has it all, whether you love fashion, homeware, or jewellery. Let us help you get started with the best fashion destinations in Milan.
Quadrilatero della Moda
This is Milan's fashion soul. Think about some famous designers. They will most likely have an atelier (工作室) here. It is one of the main shopping streets in the world, along with Paris' Avenue des Champs Elysées and New York's Fifth Avenue.
But walking along these streets isn't only about shopping. It's also about sightseeing. As you walk past the luxury (奢侈品) brands, you'll see some of Milan's most famous landmarks, including Palazzo Morando and Poldi Pezzoli Museum.
Opening times: Most shops between 10：00 and 19：00 or 20：00
Nearest station: 4 minute walk from
Montenapoleone
Corso Vercelli
If you're wondering where local people in Milan go shopping, it's Corso Vercelli. It is close to Fiera Milano, not too far from Parco Sempione.
The roots of this avenue date back to the late 19th century, when it was particularly favoured by tax and duty laws. Today, it offers exciting shopping opportunities with smaller crowds. The historic tram crossing the area gives it a unique atmosphere.
Opening times：Most shops between 10：00 and 19：00 or 20：00
Nearest station：4 minute walk from Pagano Station
Sempione Area
The area around Parco Sempione is one of the most picturesque areas. It offers endless shopping opportunities—both high end and budget friendly.
Thanks to the wide range of restaurants, bars and clubs, it's trendy among students and young professionals, making it the perfect place to grab a bargain.
If you head east from the park, you'll be bound to come across Milan's Chinatown—the largest and oldest in Italy, where you'll find plenty of affordable knick knacks (小装饰物) and furniture.
Opening times: Most shops between 9：30 and 19：30 or 20：30
Nearest station: 14 minute walk from Milan Cadorna Station
Another place is the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele Ⅱ， which houses stores like Louis Vuitton and expensive restaurants. If you are looking for upscale fashion and jewellery stores, via Brera and Corso Buenos Aires are your go to destinations.
Opening times: Mostly between 10：00 and 20：00
1．Who will be most interested in visiting Corso Vercelli
A．Those with generous budgets who look for luxury brands.
B．People who are curious about Milan's local life and history.
C．Fashion students and young professionals.
D．Sightseers from the Greater China.
2．In which place can you shop for a longer period of time
A．Quadrilatero della Moda. B．Sempione Area.
C．Corso Vercelli. D．Galleria Vittorio Emanuele Ⅱ.
3．What is the text mainly about
A．Why Milan is called Italy's fashion capital.
B．How to travel around Milan for shopping
C．Some of the best places for shopping in Milan.
D．A couple of exciting things to do in Milan.
Passage 2
ReadingArt: ArtforBookLovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate__to．
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off line” activity.
4．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An introduction to a book. B．An essay on the art of writing.
C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A review of modern paintings.
5．What are the selected artworks about
A．Wealth and intellect. B．Home and school.
C．Books and reading. D．Work and leisure.
6．What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Understand. B．Paint. C．Seize. D．Transform.
7．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e reader
A．The printed book is not totally out of date. B．Technology has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D．People now rarely have the patience to read.
Passage 3
What sort of scenery do you find most appealing Researchers in the U．K. asked volunteers that question, doing an online photo rating game, and the result is what you'd expect. “Beautiful mountains, enough greenery, beautiful water features like lakes and oceans，” says Chanuki Seresinhe, a data scientist at the Warwick Business School. The more surprising finding was that human built structures, towers and cottages, could enhance the understanding of the beauty of a scene. And big expanses of green grass like athletic fields didn't actually rate that highly.
What they did next is where the data science comes in: They fed a computer 160, 000 photographs rated through the online game. And they taught the machine to break each image into the scenic elements it contained, snowy mountains, waterfalls, crosswalks and construction sites.
Then they presented the computer with a challenge: They asked it to rate the scenic beauty of other photos it had never seen before. And it actually did pretty well at estimating the average crowd sourced consensus(共识) of beauty. The study is in the journal RoyalSocietyOpenScience.
Smart as it is, the scenery loving computer probably won't be putting tour guides out of business.
“Actually I think it can help tour guides, because what's interesting is that I think maybe it can actually uncover places that might not have been that popular.” And Seresinhe says the system might also help city planners more objectively evaluate the scenic beauty of new urban developments. “We can also now look at how to design cities that people find more beautiful and which people might want to actually spend more time in.” If the computer doesn't become truly intelligent, humans may express subjective opinions entirely on their own.
8．What surprised you more in the game
A．Athletic fields were popular. B．Human built structures rated highly.
C．Natural landscapes were appealing. D．The views of scene beauty varied among volunteers.
9．What's the attitude of the writer towards computers
A．Approving. B．Subjective. C．Sceptical. D．Negative.
10．How does the writer develop the text
A．By providing examples. B．By analyzing results.
C．By comparing findings. D．By asking questions.
11．Who can benefit a lot from the findings in the text
A．City planners. B．Computer programmers.
C．Newspaper editors. D．Insurance agents.
Passage 4
Indian stepwells(阶梯井) are nothing new, having provided access to fresh water for years before they were abandoned. And while they are a part of Indian cultural heritage, they lost their purpose for some time. As the extreme droughts are rocking India, these ancient stepwells are restored for what they do best—providing water.
Shaped like an upside down pyramid(金字塔) digging into the ground and lined by thousands of steps, stepwells can collect rainwater. They are wonderfully efficient at providing water for nearly 1，500 years. Sadly, over 3，000 stepwells have either been abandoned or left to rot, with some even covered by garbage. Now, thanks to the restoration programme, stepwells will come full circle.
Since the restoration process began, at least 15 wells have been restored in the city of Delhi. The cost will be around $ 60，000, but by doing so, the water supply for the city could reach an additional 33，000 gallons. Rajkumar Sharma, a local citizen，said，“I was elated at the reuse of the stepwells. The stepwell in our village was the only source of water. With time going by, it dried up and changed into a place for rubbish. We now have access to clean water for drinking and other purposes.”
Historian Rana Safvi explained，“Costly and painstaking as this program is, repairing these traditional stepwells to their former glory provides water for many. But apart from that, it also spotlights the beautiful architecture features of ancient India. This helps attract tourists and can also be used in religious ceremonies.”She added，“These stepwell restorations not only help India reduce the impact of droughts, but also are promise of a better future for India overall.”
12．Why are the stepwells in India restored
A．They have a new purpose. B．They are cultural heritage.
C．They can ease water shortage. D．They are in poor condition.
13．What does the underlined word “elated” Paragraph 3 mean
A．Encouraged. B．Shocked. C．Impressed. D．Thrilled.
14．What's Rana Safvi's attitude to the program
A.Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Tolerant. D．Uncaring.
15．What does this text mainly talk about
A．Stepwells are brought back to life. B．Stepwells make India more attractive.
C．Stepwells offer a new solution to droughts. D．Stepwells provide convenience for Indians.
Passage 5
·Do an anonymous(匿名的)act of kindness for someone.
·Leave a Smile Card behind to encourage them to pay it forward.
·Share your story here to spread the inspiration.
·Change the world, one kind act at a time.
ORDER SMILE CARDS
To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay it forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstances, you can also place a large quantity of requests.
Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay forward the kindness and keep the ripples going!
ABOUT US
KindSpring is a place to practice small acts of kindness. For over a decade the KindSpring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100% volunteer run and totally non commercial. It is a shared labor of love.
16．When can you use a Smile Card
A．Your friend's birthday is approaching. B．Your classmate has won first prize.
C．You've ordered lunch for a poor friend. D．You find your classmate in low spirits.
17．To order Smile Cards, you have to ________．
A．pay for them in advance B．place a large quantity of requests
C．mail some necessary information D．tell what favor you will do for others
18．The purpose of using Smile Cards is to encourage people to ________．
A．spread kindness B．become volunteers
C．advertise for KindSpring D．pay others' kindness back
Passage 6
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re occupying large areas of their former range，” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U．S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
19．How do Americans look at grizzlies
A．They cause mixed feelings in people. B．They should be kept in national parks.
C．They are of high scientific value. D．They are a symbol of American culture.
20．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population
A．The European settlers' behavior. B．The expansion of bears' range.
C．The protection by law since 1975. D．The support of Native Americans.
21．What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de listing grizzlies
A．The opposition of conservation groups. B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C．The voice of the biologists. D．The local farmers' advocates.
22．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Food should be provided for grizzlies. B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C．A special path should be built for grizzlies. D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
Passage 7
There are many different types of houses in the UK. You may see detached, semi detached, terraced (排屋的) houses or even end of terrace houses on a typical street. You might see apartments in wealthier parts of town, or people living in bungalows, preferring to live a life without stairs. Strange cottages may dot the countryside, while heading to the cities you could see any number of types of flats，including houses turned into flats, studios and duplexes (复式公寓). But one thing you will notice is that many houses come from different eras, and asking the British about their ideal home，many of them will have a specific period property (特性) in mind.
For some, it could be Victorian houses，which are often seen with bay windows, high ceilings, stained glass doors and colored brickwork. During the Victorian era, a huge number of houses, particularly terraced, were built in towns and cities to accommodate vast numbers of workers who were moving from more rural areas.
Georgian architecture refers to houses built during the period of 1714 and 1830 during the rule of four British monarchs. Usually houses with this architectural style have a more symmetrical theme, both internally and externally, with a small square garden in front. For those not into older properties, new buildings from the 1990s onwards offer better insulation (隔热，绝缘) against the cold and newer electrics. And those who prefer less repairs could always go with the open plan or minimalist look of the modern era.
So, whether it's high ceilings, better insulation, brickwork, bungalows or square gardens, people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live. And their ideal home may just simply be a case of what style feels like home.
23．What do the Victorian houses have
A．A small square garden in front. B．High ceilings and colored brickwork.
C．A more symmetrical theme than any other era. D．Broken windows and stainless doors.
24．Why does the author mention Victorian and Georgian houses
A．To display the wisdom of the architects. B．To introduce the origin of them.
C．To attract people to British houses. D．To show the diversity of British houses.
25．What can we learn from the text
A．The preference of British for the houses. B．The history of the Georgian houses.
C．The house structures of Britain. D．The fine scenery in Britain.
26．What will the author probably talk about next
A．Ideal British home. B．Terraced houses.
C．Georgian houses. D．Square gardens.
Passage 8
When I stepped into the Samcheong Park Library in Seoul, I saw the future. The simple building had a nice selection of books and a cafe where readers could enjoy coffee while gazing at the leaves outside. It was specifically designed without any latest technology.
“What's so innovative about that？” a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers.“Why couldn't they both be innovative？” I asked.
We are constantly told that innovation is the most important force in our economy, without which we would be left behind. But that fear of missing out has led us to fall into the false traps of innovation over truly innovative ideas that may be simpler and more effective. This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated! Each year, businesses and individuals run around like broken toy robots, trying to figure out their strategy for the latest buzzword equipment.
At best, this is a waste of resources. Devices are bought, used and abandoned, as the technology's capabilities fall short of its promise. But at its worst, this approach can truly cause damage. Schools cut field trips to purchase tablets with few proven panies that applied AI to hiring have actually strengthened gender and racial prejudices.
True innovation isn't just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting “old” ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview (后视的) innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.
Look no farther than the streets of New York, which have been redesigned recently to accommodate cyclists with car free zones. The idea isn't new. It was created half a century ago, with the aim of bringing cities back to their residents. And while e reader sales have been exploding, Penguin just announced it would publish tiny printed books, an ideal solution for a market demanding both convenience and practicability.
27．Why is a librarian mentioned
A．To set an example. B．To cite an authority.
C．To make a prediction. D．To present an argument.
28．What does the underlined word “buzzword” mean in Para. 3
A．Fashionable. B．Affordable. C．Practical. D．Imaginative.
29．What does the writer agree with about innovation
A．Wasted resources lead to innovation. B．Magic devices encourage innovation.
C．Innovation should be human centered. D．The power of technology is undervalued.
30．What is probably the best title of the text
A．Innovation Is Not That Expensive B．The Future Lies in Returning to the Past
C．Some Best Ideas Are in the Rearview Mirror D．Innovation: The Most Important Force in Economy
Passage 9
Jennifer Rocha, who graduated from the University of California, San Diego, said she wanted to thank her parents for support by taking graduation photos in the fields where she had worked alongside them since she was in high school.
“I wanted to take those pictures out there, specifically in the fields, because that's what made me go to college，” Rocha said. “That was my dad's saying: If you don't pursue higher education, you're going to be working here for the rest of your life.” Rocha said her parents encouraged her and her siblings to pursue higher education.
She started working in the fields with her parents when she was a junior in high school. Each day, she would go home and work at planting strawberries overnight. “It was tough labor，” Rocha said as she remembered working late nights in the fields. “I was like, ‘You know what I don't want to be doing this my whole life.’”
Completing the past four years of college was not always easy for Rocha. While being a full time student, she also worked at the university's police department to help pay for her tuition. She worked long hours to fund her education. At times, her work shifts wouldn't end until 4 or 5 am, leaving only a few hours to spare before the next class. “I have class at like 8 am, and it's not worth my while driving and then coming back，” Rocha said. “So, I would just nap in my car and then go to class after that. It was tough times, but I mean, I got that diploma.”
Rocha hopes her photos and her story will be an inspiration to immigrant families. She said it was important to include her parents in her graduation photos. “I wanted to not just honor them but honor all the migrant skilled workers, because a lot of times they aren't recognized and we forget about them. My parents being migrant workers were able to have three girls get their college education, and they can do it too, and their kids can，” she said.
31．Why did Rocha take graduation photos in the fields
A．To thank her parents for their support. B．To remember her life in the countryside.
C．To show her preference for field work. D．To share her joy of finishing college.
32．What did Rocha's dad expect her to do
A．Help him support the family. B．Receive further education.
C．Find a well paid job. D．Become a skilled farmer.
33．Which of the following best describes Rocha's college life
A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Laborious. D．Carefree.
34．What does Rocha intend to do through her story
A．Stress the importance of education. B．Remind others of labor's value.
C．Win awards at college graduation. D．Inspire others to pursue education.
Passage 10
Andrew Bastawrous was 12 when he found out he could barely see. He was then socially awkward, failing at school and terrible at ball games.
Glasses turned his life around, yet even as a child he was aware of how lucky he was. Bastawrous grew up in the UK, but his family would visit poor parts of Egypt, where his parents were from. “Nobody there wore glasses, but I knew some people needed them，” he says. “It felt incredibly unfair. At 16, I decided I wasn't going to feel guilty about it any more.” He determined there and then to become an eye surgeon, and he did.
In 2011, he and his wife moved with their one year old son to a small town 5 hours' drive from Nairobi. They had limited electricity and running water. For 18 months, every time Bastawrous and his team set up their “mobile” eye clinic in yet another new location, they had to drag heavy, fragile hospital equipment cross country. There was another problem, as one local doctor described it, “We don't even have enough doctors and now you also want eye surgeons That's probably a pipe dream.”
All this convinced Bastawrous that something fundamental was needed. So he started exploring ways to replace his clinic with a single, convenient device: a smartphone. He co developed an app based visual test that gathers as much information as the classic one, using similar principles. The critical difference is that almost anyone can carry it out after just a few minutes of training. Bastawrous co founded a charitable company to develop and apply the technology more widely. His team also developed technologies that enabled a smartphone camera to take hospital grade images of the back of the eye.
That's a pretty good start, but Bastawrous has set his sights sky high. “I feel we're at a tipping point now where this enormous problem will become a historical thing. That's when I'll sleep easy，” he says.
35．What drove Bastawrous to become an eye surgeon
A．His personal misfortune. B．His burning sense of injustice.
C．His ambition to turn his life around. D．His guilt about leaving his home country.
36．What can we infer about Bastawrous's first 18 months in Africa
A．It's hard and problematic. B．It's challenging but fruitful.
C．It's adventurous and unrealistic. D．It's fundamental but innovative.
37．Bastawrous's innovation can be described as ________.
A．cheap and convenient treatments for patients B．a virtual and complete change from a classic test
C．a smart and popularised application of technology D．fast and effective training of medical professionals
38．What do Bastawrous's words in the last paragraph show
A．His modest attitude to his past achievements.
B．His optimistic views on the cure for blindness.
C．His strong belief in the effects of future technology.
D．His firm determination to carry on his challenging career.
Passage 1
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——文化与旅行——在米兰购物的几个好去处
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了米兰四个购物场所的情况。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据Corso Vercelli部分中的“where local people in Milan go shopping”“The roots of this avenue date back to the late 19th century”“The historic tram crossing the area gives it a unique atmosphere”可知，对米兰当地生活和历史感兴趣的人会对参观Corso Vercelli最感兴趣，故B项正确。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据关于四个地方的介绍中的Opening times尤其是Sempione Area部分中的“Opening times: Most shops between 9：30 and 19：30 or 20：30”可知，Sempione Area的购物持续时长为10到11个小时，这比其他几个地方的时间都长，故B项正确。
3．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。综观全文，尤其是第一段中的“the best fashion destinations in Milan”可知，本文主要讲述了在米兰购物的几个好去处，故C项正确。
Passage 2
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——生活与学习——关于书籍和阅读
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“ReadingArt: ArtforBookLovers is a celebration... three hundred artworks from museums around the world”可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。故选A。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. （艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点）”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
6．答案与解析：A 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. （艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点）”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments （这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻）”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
7．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader （它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性）”以及“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, ‘off line’ activity （印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的‘离线’活动的机会）”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
Passage 3
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——用电脑对风景进行评价并分级
【文章大意】 将图片信息储存进电脑，让电脑对风景分析评价，以帮助城市规划者更客观地评估新城市发展的风景美。
8．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The more surprising...rate that highly”可知，更令人惊讶的发现是，人类建造的建筑、塔楼和小屋可以增进人们对风景之美的理解；而像运动场这样有大片的绿色草地的地方实际上并没有得到很高的评价。据此可知，人们对人造建筑评价很高。
9．答案与解析：A 观点态度题。根据第三段的“And it actually...consensus（共识）of beauty”可知，作者认为，事实上电脑在评估大众对美的一般共识方面做得很好。据此可以推知，作者对电脑分析持赞同态度。
10．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。通读第二、三段可知，为了证明第一段提出的人们对人造建筑评价很高这个观点，研究人员在电脑中储存了16万张照片，通过在线游戏进行评分，结果证明，电脑在评估大众对美的一般共识方面做得很好。据此可以推知，作者使用了分析结果的方法来谋篇布局。
11．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“And Seresinhe says...urban developments”可知，电脑风景评价系统还可能帮助城市规划者更客观地评估新城市发展的风景美。据此可以推知，城市规划者可以从此发现中获益。
Passage 4
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——文化与传承——印度的“阶梯井”
【文章大意】 由于印度干旱，已经被废弃多年的“阶梯井”被重新修复使用，这不但解决了人们的饮水问题，也预示着整个印度的美好未来。
12．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“As the extreme droughts...providing water”可知，为了缓解干旱导致的水资源短缺，印度修复了阶梯井。
13．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。根据画线词下句“The stepwell in...source of water”可知，阶梯井是村里唯一的水源；根据该段尾句“We now have access...other purposes”可知，在修复阶梯井后，现在他们有了干净的饮用水和其他用途的水。据此可知，当地居民Sharma对此非常激动。故画线词与D项意思最接近。
14．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据尾段历史学家Rana Safvi所说的话可知，修复阶梯井不仅提供了水源，还突出了古印度美丽的建筑特色，这有助于吸引游客，有助于印度减少干旱带来的影响。据此可以推知，该历史学家对修复阶梯井持赞同态度。
15．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段尾句“As the extreme...providing water”为全文的主旨句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要陈述了印度已经被废弃多年的“阶梯井”被重新修复使用的原因和其作用，故A项最能概括文意。
Passage 5
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——健康生活——笑脸卡
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了微笑卡卡片，并讲述如何申请微笑卡，微笑卡的使用注意事项和背后负责的团队。
16．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章ORDER SMILE CARDS中Note的内容可知，当有人做了一件善事，可以留下一张微笑卡片。C项是为朋友做一件善事，所以可以使用微笑卡片。故选C。
17．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据“Please tell us...do using them”可知，在申请微笑卡片时需要填写一些信息以让负责团队对申请者申请卡片的意图和申请者想为人们做哪些事情有所了解，要订购微笑卡片，你需要说出你会为别人做什么。故选D。
18．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据ORDER SMILE CARDS部分Note中的“so that they know...the ripples going！”可知，寄卡片者在送出卡片前会为收卡片者做一件善事，这样收卡片者就会知道有人向他们伸出了援助之手，他们也会被邀请将这种善意传递下去。由此可知，使用微笑卡片是为了鼓励人们传播善意。故选A。
Passage 6
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——野生动物——美国灰熊
【文章大意】 讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2 000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
19．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. （灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们）”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。
20．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. （1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》）”以及第四段“Today, there are about 2, 000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. （如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀）”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
21．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. （如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上）”可知，是环保组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
22．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviously, if precautions aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. ‘Our hope is to have a clean, attractant free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，’ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. （显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。‘我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，’詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家）”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
Passage 7
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——英国人的房子
【文章大意】 本文介绍了英国房子的类型及反映英国不同时代特点的房子。
23．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，高高的天花板和彩砖是维多利亚时代房子的特点。故B项正确。
24．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，维多利亚时代的房子和建于1714年至1830年间的乔治王朝时期的房子有着明显不同的特点；再结合文章又介绍了20世纪90年代房子的特点（抗寒、电气设备新）可推知，作者提及维多利亚时代的房子和乔治王朝时期的房子是为了证明英国房子的多样性。故D项正确。
25．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第二、三段描述可知，文中介绍了维多利亚时代的房子和乔治王朝时期的房子，以及20世纪90年代的房子；再结合第四段中的“people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live”可知，英国人对房子有着广泛的偏好。故A项正确。
26．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段尾句可知，英国人理想的家就是他们有感觉的家。由此可推知，作者下一段有可能继续讨论英国人理想的家。故A项正确。
Passage 8
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与社会——创新与生活——什么是真正的创新
【文章大意】 作者由自己在首尔一家图书馆的经历引出什么是真正的创新这一话题，并通过论证告诉大家：真正的创新是不断反思、重新评估，是将传统的方法、工具应用到新的环境当中。
27．答案与解析：D 写作意图题。结合第一段可知，作者认为Samcheong Park Library传统复古的做法具有创新性，并将这张照片拿给多伦多的一位图书馆馆长欣赏，对方不以为然，于是，作者通过反问提出了自己的论点“难道复古的图书馆和智能设备不都是创新吗？”，故D项正确。
28．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing，you have innovated！”可知，错误的创新观认为购买新的东西即是创新；再结合第五段中的“novel technologies”可知，此处讲到的最新的设备应该是新潮的、时尚的设备，故A项与画线词的意义最为接近。此外，从做题的角度来讲，本题也可用排除法，将干扰项代入原文一一排除。
29．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“with the aim...convenience and practicability”可以推断，作者认同创新应该是以人为本的这个观点，故C项正确。
30．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。本文为议论文，根据本文论点“Why couldn't they （the Samcheong Park Library and digital technology） both be innovative？”和倒数第二段中的“these rearview（后视的）innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies”可知，本文主要讲述了后视的新发明和新技术一样具有变革性，故C项“一些最好的点子在后视镜里”最适合作本文标题。
Passage 9
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——接受高等教育
【文章大意】 加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业生Jennifer Rocha 为了感谢父母辛勤劳作供养自己上学，在她和父母干活的田地里拍摄了毕业照片，并用这些照片和她的故事来激励和她一样的移民家庭的孩子们接受高等教育。
31．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段“Jennifer Rocha...high school”可知，Jennifer Rocha在她和父母劳作的田地里拍摄毕业照片是为了感谢父母对她的支持。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If you don't pursue...of your life”可知，她的父亲鼓励她接受高等教育。
33．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容尤其是该段第一句“Completing the past...easy for Rocha”可知，该段主要描述了Jennifer Rocha的大学生活：她在大学的警察局做兼职挣学费，有时工作到凌晨，还要兼顾学业，十分辛苦。C项“辛苦的”，故C项正确。A项“令人激动的”；B项“令人厌倦（或厌烦）的”；D项“无忧无虑的”。
34．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Rocha hopes her...to immigrant families”再结合下文她讲的话可知，Rocha希望用这些照片和她的故事来激励其他移民家庭的孩子们接受教育。
Passage 10
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——人物故事——帮助近视者的眼科医生
【文章大意】 16岁那年，当Bastawrous目睹了埃及贫困地区的人们即使近视也没法佩戴眼镜的遭遇后，他就下定决心要做一名眼科医生。本文主要讲述了Bastawrous为此付出的努力及取得的成果。
35．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中Bastawrous所说的话“It felt incredibly unfair. At 16, I decided I wasn't going to feel guilty about it any more”可知，Bastawrous认为需要戴眼镜的人却无法戴眼镜，这是不公平的，这种不公正感使他做出了成为眼科医生的决定，故B项正确。
36．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For 18 months...they had to drag heavy ，fragile hospital equipment cross country...don't even have enough doctors”可以推断，起初18个月，Bastawrous和他的团队经历了一段艰难并且满是问题的时期，故A项正确。
37．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So he started...the technology more widely”可以推断，Bastawrous的创新可看作对技术的一种智能化和普及化的应用，故C项正确。
38．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I feel we're at a tipping point now where this enormous problem will become a historical thing. That's when I'll sleep easy”可推知，Bastawrous对于自己从事的工作充满了信心，并会在这条道路上坚定地走下去，故D项正确。