北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 Information and technology 单元检测提升卷 （含解析）

北师大版必修二Unit4 Information and technology
单元检测提升卷
第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The UK has a whole host of things to do for free or at a low price and there are a number of websites devoted to bringing you the best.Take a look at our guide to some of our favorite UK cities.
London
If you live in or near London and have access to the Internet, you'll discover many choices of free entertainment.The Londonist is an amusing website that offers daily and weekly breakdowns of the free and cheap events in the city.Categories include art，comedy，music，food and drink，theatre，festivals and talks.Head over to for the latest schedule of affordable entertainment.Time Out's website (/London) also has lots of information about free fun in the lively capital.
Find out why the 60s really cemented(巩固) London as counterculture capital of the UK in our shop.
Manchester
Manchester is probably one of the top creative centres of England (if not the UK)．If you need any further convincing evidence，then head over to Creative Tourist，where you can find bags of daytime and nighttime entertainment that's easy on the pocket. While you're there you can also check out Liverpool and Sheffield.
Manchester is a historical city，which has shaped life in Britain.Take a look in our shop.
Glasgow
If Manchester is the creative centre of England then Glasgow has to be the creative centre of Scotland.You can visit Scotland's Centre for Design and Architecture at The Lighthouse，or go over to the Gallery of Modern Art，and then there's the wonderful and strange Hunterian Museum.For a lowdown on the best free of Glasgow，take a look at VisitScotland.
For a look at Glasgow's picturesque qualities click here.
1.Which website can you visit to learn about everyday events in the capital of the UK
A. Time Out.　　 B. Londonist.
C. VisitScotland. D. Creative Tourist.
2.What does the underlined phrase “easy on the pocket” mean
A. Available. B. Reasonable. C. Affordable. D. Comfortable.
3. Where can you probably find the passage
A. On the Internet. B. In a geography book.
C. In a tourist brochure. D. In a fashion magazine.
B
A 63-year-old Chinese carpenter’s traditional skills have become an unexpected Internet hit as he creates woodwork with a single piece of wood, without glue, screws or nails. Wang De wen, known as “Grandpa Amu” on YouTube, has been praised as the modern day Lu Ban, a well-known Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks to his rich carpentry(木工手艺) knowledge.
Grandpa Amu’s most popular video, which shows him making a delicate wooden arch bridge, has gone viral on YouTube, gaining more than 40 million views. “If you do something, you have to love it, and you have to be interested in it; however, being interested doesn’t mean there’s only happiness and no pain.” Grandpa Amu shared when talking about his excellent carpentry skills.
His most popular works include a folding stool, a model of the China pavilion from the 2010 Shanghai Expo, and an apple-shaped interlocking puzzle, known as a Lu Ban lock. Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon(榫卯) technique, which means no nails or glue(胶水) are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge.
The master carpenter has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique. His young grandson’s favorites include a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing machine. Attracting over 1.17 million fans on YouTube, Grandpa Amu’s videos so far have gained more than 200 million views.
His wonderful woodworking skills, using the same mortise and tenon joints found in the Forbidden City, were developed from the age of thirteen as a way of supporting his family in East China’s Shandong Province. “The grandson is so happy, as there have been so many fine and unique toys made by grandpa from an early age,” commented one netizen; while another said “It’s amazing. I hope these traditional crafts can be passed on!”
4. Why is Grandpa Amu regarded as the modern day Lu Ban
A. For his simple words. B. For his popular videos.
C. For his carpentry skills. D. For his excellent arch bridge.
5. What do Grandpa Amu’s remarks mean in Paragraph 2
A. Theory is from practice. B. Success depends on love.
C. Excellent skills lie in hard work. D. Happiness comes from interest.
6. What is the unique feature of Grandpa Amu’s craft works
A. No nails or glue. B. Delicate design.
C. The apple shape. D. The wooden material.
7. What message does this text mainly convey
A. Being popular means more fans. B. Perfect skills earn more money.
C. Supporting family needs more skills. D. Traditional crafts should be passed on.
C
One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. Rubbish of all kinds is piling up and polluting our rivers and oceans. A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away is e-waste—electronic items that are broken and not recycled. Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a new life.
Many millions of tonnes of televisions, phones, and other electronic equipment are discarded each year, partly because it’s cheaper to replace them than fix them, but also because we lack the skills to repair them. A UN report reports the 50 million tons of e-waste produced every year will more than double to 110 million tonnes by 2050, making it the fastest growing waste stream in the world.
However, there’s a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in London, which is one of many found around the world. One of its volunteers, Francesco Calo, said that “This project allows you to reduce waste, lengthen the life of objects, and it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items that have developed a fault(缺陷). ”
As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste mining. An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting(提取)these materials from electronic devices. It’s thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining. With phones typically containing as many as 60 elements, this could be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.
These projects make total sense—collections of e-waste for recycling are “stagnating or even decreasing” according to RuedigerKuehr, director of the United Nations University. And in countries where there is no law, much of it just gets dumped. However, the European Union, for example, is trying to deal with the problem by insisting manufacturers have to make appliances(器械) longer-lasting and will have to supply spare parts for machines for up to 10 years.
8. Which of the following statements is correct based on the text
A. E-waste is thrown away because it’s cheaper to find a new item.
B. UN reports the number of e-waste produced will nearly double by 2050.
C. E-waste will be reduced if more projects like Restart Project are started .
D. The Re-start Project can help people who have found a fault to buy items.
9. What does the underlined word in the last paragraph probably mean
A. stopping. B. increasing. C. falling. D. disappearing.
10. What can be the best title for the text
A. What is damaging our planet B.What is important for E-recycling
C. E-waste mining benefits more. D. New lives are brought to E-waste.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the problem
A. He is doubtful about it. B. He is concerned but full of confidence.
C.He thinks it’s just a piece of cake. D. He supposes there’s a long way to go.
D
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
12.Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard
A. To reduce pressure on keys.
B. To improve accuracy in typing.
C. To replace the password system.
D. To cut the cost of e space protection.
13.What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible
A. Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
14.What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard
A. It'll be environment friendly.
B. It'll reach consumers soon.
C. It'll be made of plastics.
D. It'll help speed up typing.
15.Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A magazine.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
3D printing is becoming more and more popular. ____16____People and businesses are able to create the things they need very quickly and easily using 3D printers.
____17____Some scientists are trying to greatly change the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will become as common as the microwave. Scientists say that they are easy to use: you simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also change the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. ____18____Using 3D printers to create your meals would also save the environment because there would be less need for traditional growing and transporting processes.
____19____It could take away many jobs, including those for growing and transporting food. Imagine a world where there is no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes and textures (质地) can be printed from a raw “food ink”. Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business. Additionally, there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food. ____20____
What's more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.
A．But can you imagine printing food
B．Not all 3D printers use the same technology.
C．3D printing technology will change the way we live in the future.
D．This means it would be very quick and easy to create tasty meals.
E．Is it really possible to get the nutrition we need from food based inks
F．We are now able to print things such as clothing, musical instruments and car models.
G．However, some people think that a future of 3D printed food would be a disaster.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The concept of solitude(独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 21 . solitude can be hard to discover 22 it has been given up. New technologies have 23 our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 24 as we've known it. People have become so reachable in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 25 they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog, not only from our computers, but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become 26 on digital technology simply because they've grown used to it, and at this point not using it would make them an outsider. 27 many jobs and careers require people to be 28 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 29 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 30 wants puters can be shut 31 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be "connected” and "on" has many advantages, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 32 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 33 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 34 to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connection as a society 35 across generations. Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like without daily progress in technology.
A.shared B.received C.updated D.collected
22.A.though B.once C.until D.before
23.A.respected B.kept C.ignored D.shaped
24.A.edge B.end C.stage D.balance
25.A.only if B.even if C.as if D.if only
26.A.bent B.hard C.strict D.dependent
27.A.Also B.Instead C.Otherwise D.Somehow
28.A.trained B.connected C.suggested D.interested
29.A.burden B.benefit C.pleasure D.disappointment
30.A.really B.hardly C.merely D.slightly
31.A.out B.up C.down D.in
32.A.lost B.hidden C.relaxed D.dropped
33.A.confused B.excited C.trapped D.amused
34.A.turn B.reply C.belong D.object
35.A.arise B.vary C.spread D.exist
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each time I take the underground I find myself 36.__________(surround) by dozens of passengers playing smartphones. They almost won't even give a glance at the outside world. You may think it is normal to play smartphones 37.__________(kill) time.What's worse, when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an 38.__________(annoy)．
I really miss the old days when I 39.__________(chat) with some passengers on the train. Now things are different. Everyone just concentrates 40.__________ their smartphones. When talking with them，41.__________seems that you are disturbing their playing smartphones. I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them. Sometimes I just feel we 42.__________(large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with 43.__________(distance) strangers through the Internet. We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby.44.__________ unreasonable the situation is! In a way we 45.__________(control) by smartphones now. Are you experiencing the same situation like me Do you have any ways to avoid that
第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是李华，想戒除网络游戏瘾。请你给澳大利亚笔友David写一封邮件求助，包含以下要点：
写信目的；
网络游戏对你的影响（学习，生活方面)：
寻求建议或帮助。
注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear David, How are you I’m writing to ask you for help. Yours, Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the middle of the day with the bright sun, blue sky, green grass, and a soft wind. It was a great day to play outside and the best day of my life because I got a new ball and a new bike as my sixth birthday presents, and I was visiting my cousin, Kristy, at her house.
“Here I go!” shouted David while kicking my new ball. David lived next door and was older than me. I thought he was a wild child, but he was actually very kind. The ball went flying as if it were going to space. “That was high!” Kristy said in surprise and we went after the ball. We all had a great time.
Later we had supper and the food my aunt made was good. While Kristy was helping do the dishes, David and I ran outside to play. We started taking turns riding my bike. David suggested that we ride it to the forest. And I agreed. David and I got on the bike and David started riding fast.
As we rode through the forest, I felt the wind brushing my face. It felt so great and free.
Suddenly the bike hit a fallen branch and we went flying off the bike. Lying on the ground, I felt dizzy (眩晕的). I checked myself for injuries and saw some but they didn’t upset me.
“David!” I shouted out anxiously.
“Hey,” said a voice. I turned my head and it was David, who was standing behind me, holding my broken bike. At the sight of my disabled bike, I was so sad that I couldn’t hold back my tears. It took David some time to calm me down.
注意：1.续写的词数应为 150 左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When we realized it was time to walk home, we found ourselves lost. It was completely dark when we saw fireworks being set off in the distance.


北师大版必修二Unit4 Information and technology
单元检测提升卷答案
第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
1.B【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“The Londonist is an amusing website that offers daily and weekly breakdowns of the free and cheap events in the city.Categories include art，comedy，music, food and drink, theatre, festivals and talks.”可知，可以访问Londonist来获取英国首都的日常事件。
2.C【解析】词义猜测题。由第一段“The UK has a whole host of things to do for free or at a low price....”可知，在英国有很多免费的或者低价的事情可以做。所以我们判断出“easy on the pocket” 是“能够支付得起”的意思。
3. A【解析】文章出处题。由第一段“there are a number of websites devoted to bringing you the best.”和第二段“The Londonist is an amusing website...”以及“Glasgow”中的“...click here.”可知，这篇文章来自于因特网。
B
4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句可知：在YouTube上被称为“阿木爷爷”的王德文，因其丰富的木工知识，被誉为当代的鲁班可知答案为C。
5.C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句可知：做一件事，就要热爱它，就要对它感兴趣；然而，感兴趣并不意味着只有快乐就没有痛苦。由此推知，想要做好一件事，不仅需要兴趣爱好，还需要投入大量的时间和精力来练习。即精湛的技能需要反复地训练。故选C。
6.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知：阿木爷爷遵循中国古代的榫卯技术，也就是说，在建造拱桥的整个过程中，没有钉子和胶水的参与。由此可知答案为A。
7.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s amazing. I hope these traditional crafts can be passed on!(太棒了。我希望这些传统工艺能够传承下去)”可知，作者引用网友的评论想要表面这种精湛的传统木匠技术应该代代流传下去。即传统手工艺值得传承。
C
8.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容尤其是"this project allows...have developed a fault"可知，如果有更多像Restart Project这样的项目，电子垃圾会减少。
9.A【解析】词汇猜测题。根据画线词后的"or even decreasing"可知，画线词与decreasing之间为递进关系，结合选项可知，A项符合语境。此处表示用于回收利用的电子垃圾物品处于停滞状态或者甚至在减少。
10.D【解析】根据本文的中心句"Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a new life"可知，本文主要讲的是人们发现了新的方法来解决电子垃圾问题。
11.B【解析】根据第二段中提到的"A UN report reports...in the world"可推知，作者对于电子垃圾问题感到担忧，再根据最后一段中的"These projects make total sense"可推知，作者对于解决该问题充满了信心。
D
12.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，现在一些阻止别人进入私人电子空间的技术成本仍然很高。因此，来自Georgia Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成本的(low cost)装置—智能键盘，来应对这个问题。。
13.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“These patterns are unique to each person.”可知，因为每个人的打字模式各不相同，所以智能键盘能识别人的身份，保护人的隐私。
14.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后两句话，研究者们说键盘应该直接商业化，智能键盘主要是由价格低廉的塑料类配件制成，团队希望它在不久的将来进入市场。
15.D【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍了一种新的保护电子隐私空间的设备—智能键盘，并且希望产品能很快走进市场。本文语言客观严谨，属于科普类文章。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
16.F【解析】本空承接上文，3D打印正变得越来越普及，我们现在可以打印衣服、乐器和汽车模型。
17.A【解析】根据本空后对有些科学家正在进行的研究的描述可知，此处是指你能否想象打印食物。
18.D【解析】根据本空前两句中科学家所给出的3D打印食物的过程可知，本空是对上面描述的总结：这意味着我们可以很快且很容易地制造出好吃的食物。
19.G【解析】由本空后的take away many jobs，lose business等可知，本空引出下文的内容：然而，有些人认为一个使用3D打印食物的未来将会是一场灾难。
20.E【解析】本空是对上一句的补充：我们真的有可能从“食物墨水”中得到我们需要的营养吗？
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
21.A【解析】根据上一句可知, 独处理念在数码世界几乎不存在,因此信息的意义在于“分享”share分享; receive 接收;update 更新;collect 收集。
22.B【解析】“—旦”人们放弃了独处,就很难再发现孤独。根据句意,此处用once ”—旦”表示条件。
23.D【解析】从这方面来说,新技术“塑造”了 “我们”的文化。respect 尊重;preserve 保存;ignore 忽视; shape 塑造,形成。
24.B【解析】从后文中可以看出,正因为人们通过各种方式互相联系, 所以独处已处于“穷途末路”的境地。bring… to an end使……结束。
25.B【解析】 “即使" "我们”不情愿也能经常被联系上。only if “只要,只有”,表条件:even if "即使",表让步:as if “似乎,好像”,表方式;if only“要是……就好了”,表虚拟。
26.D【解析】因为发达国家的人都习惯使用数码产品,因此对数码产品很具"依赖”性。be bent on热衷于,专心致志于; be hard on对……苛刻; be keen on热衷于,喜欢; be dependent on 对……依赖。
27.A【解析】 “而且”,许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。 also 而且;instead 相反;otherwise 否则;somehow 不知何故,不知怎么地。
28.B【解析】第三段前半部分介绍了人们使用数码产品的原因, 本句介绍了数码产品的优点, B项(建立联系的)与文意相符。
29.A【解析】根据后文中的否定想法可以看出对于不想被联系的人来说是个“负担”。burden负担;benefit益事;pleasure乐事:disappointment令人失望的事。
30.A【解析】根据后文提示人们关电脑、关手机,说明独处对于一部分人来说是“真正”想要追求的。really真正地;hardly几乎不;merely仅仅;slightly稍微地。
31.C【解析】电脑可以被"关机”,手机也是,后文中的turned off暗示应选C项。shut out把……关在外面;shut up 闭嘴;shut down 关闭;shut in禁闭
32.A【解析】旅行者最后“迷失”在大山上,手机挽救了无数的生命。lost迷路的;hidden隐藏的;relaxed放松的;dropped 被放弃的。end up done/adj. /doing 以……告终。
33.C【解析】手机也会使人们感到“受限制”,被迫接骚扰电话,回复骚扰短信。confused困惑的;excited激动兴奋的;trapped被困的,受限制的;amused愉快的,开心的。
34.B 【解析】根据上一题的解析可知，此处为回复短信。turn to 转向;reply to 回复;belong to 属于; object to反对。
35.B【解析】人们对于社会连通性的态度因年代而异,arise (问题)出现;vary变化,呈多样化;spread散布,蔓延;exist存在。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
36.surrounded【解析】考查过去分词。本句考查了“find sb.＋宾补”的结构，myself与surround是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。
37.to kill【解析】考查不定式。本句中it是形式主语，真正主语是to play smartphones，此处应用不定式作目的状语。
38.【解析】考查名词。这真是一件令人生气的事。句中缺少名词作表语，故用annoy的名词形式，表示“使人烦恼的事，令人生气的事物”。
39.chatted【解析】考查时态。依据句中的the old days可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。注意：chat要双写t再加-ed。
40.on【解析】考查介词。每个人只把注意力放在自己的手机上。concentrate on...“集中(注意力)于……，聚精会神于……”。
41.It【解析】考查代词。本句考查了“it seems that...”句式。
42.largely【解析】考查副词。空处修饰动词ignore，因此用副词，意为“在很大程度上”。
43.distant【解析】考查形容词。由句意和空后的名词可以推断出此处用形容词作定语，distant“遥远的”。
44.How【解析】考查副词。空处修饰形容词unreasonable，该句为How引导的感叹句型：How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语。
45.are controlled【解析】考查时态和语态。在某种程度上，我们现在被手机控制了。we与control是被动关系，再结合后面的now可知，此处应用are controlled。
第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
Dear David,
How are you I’m writing to ask you for help. Recently I have been addicted to a popular online game, which I find difficult to quit. As a result, I can’t focus on my study and, as expected, I get left behind. What’s worse, my parents often complain about it so we’re having a tough time getting along with each other.
I’ve realized that playing the game does me harm and I must change this. Could you tell me how you made it I would be so thankful if you could help me!
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
When we realized it was time to walk home, we found ourselves lost. It was getting darker and darker. I felt so scared that tears rolled down my face again. David tried to comfort me. He told me that he once made some marks on the trees in the forest, which might help us find the way home. Therefore, we made efforts to look for the marks but in vain. Having walked anxiously for about an hour in the forest, we didn’t find our way out.
It was completely dark when we saw fireworks being set off in the distance. We ran excitedly in that direction as fast as possible. Soon we found my aunt’s house, in front of which my cousin Kristy was holding some fireworks and lighting them. Seeing us back safe, Kristy cheerfully hugged us. She told us that when noticing we had been away for long, she was concerned about our safety. She set off fireworks to draw our attention and guide us. It was an unforgettable experience. Without David’s comfort and Kristy’s fireworks, I would have lost in the forest forever.