2023-2024学年第二学期期中考试试卷
高二英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What part of maths is the woman bad at
A. Shapes. B. Numbers. C. Angles.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Doctor and patient.
3. What industry does the woman hope to work in
A. Travel. B. Finance. C. Medicine.
4. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a classroom. B. In the wild. C. In a hospital.
5. When will the woman’s mother probably arrive
A. At about 12:00 p.m. B. At about 3:00 p.m. C. At about 6:00 p.m.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What upsets the woman
A. Her campus life. B. Her friends’ attitude. C. Her recent schoolwork.
7. What is the man like according to the woman
A. Strict. B. Positive. C. Knowledgeable.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man’s job probably
A. A tour guide. B. A ship captain. C. A seaport manager.
9. Which country is the woman from
A. China. B. Singapore. C. Italy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What do the speakers mainly talk about
A. Robots will take jobs from humans.
B. Robots will replace humans entirely.
C. Robots will be introduced into homes.
11. How does the man think about robots
A. They are not very friendly.
B. They break down regularly.
C. They do more with less cost.
12. What percentage of jobs will be at risk during the next decade
A. 3%. B. 15%. C. 33%.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man’s job about
A. Observing the planets.
B. Doing research in space.
C. Teaching others knowledge.
14. What is the man looking at today
A. Mars. B. Venus. C. The Moon.
15. Where will the woman have lunch
A. At the man’s office. B. At a café. C. At her home.
16. What will the woman do next
A. Go home. B. Use the telescope. C. Have lunch.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. During which season did the speaker’s journey take place
A. Winter. B. Fall. C. Summer.
18. What is the speaker’s biggest challenge
A. Traveling alone. B. Bearing the heat. C. Cycling for long.
19. What did the family do for the speaker
A. They invited him to their house.
B. They taught him a new language.
C. They guided him through the desert.
20. What offers inspiration for the speaker’s new book
A. New friends. B. The landscape. C. Local food.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
American Unique Buildings
The country’s full of awe—inspiring natural wonders, but those made by man (and woman) are equally impressive. The architect behind a design or the creation’s history or purpose are all elements that may prove particularly attractive. These following buildings are all well worth visiting.
Bradbury Building
Los Angeles
Glancing at the Bradbury Building, built in 1893, the oldest commercial building in L.A., you may say: “OK, it’s a 19th-century relic.” Step inside and you will be surprised by the light-filled Victorian court, a wonder of open—cage elevators, marble stairs, and splendid iron barriers. Its architectural history is debatable — Sumner Hunt’s designs seem to have been completed by George H. Wyman, who monitored the construction.
Vizcaya Museum and Gardens
Miami
Built in 1916, the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, formerly Villa Vizcaya, is the one-time winter home of businessman James Deering. On Biscayne Bay in the Coconut Grove neighborhood, the early 20th-century property features Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) gardens, native woodlands, and a complex of historic outbuildings. The property designed by Paul Chalfin is today operated by Miami-Dade County.
Rogers Building
Orlando
The 132-year-old, Queen Anne-style structure, now housing an art gallery but a one-time home to cocktail-and-gaming clubs, was donated to the City of Orlando in 2018 earlier by Ford Kiene. The restriction that it must remain an arts and culture center for at least 20 years ensures public access for the near future.
Griffith Observatory
Los Angeles
It’s possible to see the stars at this destination that includes sweeping views of the city and the Hollywood sign, and has a planetarium (天文馆) to boot. It’s been a draw for its construction style sign its 1935 opening, with a $93 million expansion completed in 2006.
1. Which of the following places has the shortest history
A. Bradbury Building. B. Griffith Observatory.
C. Rogers Building. D. Vizcaya Museum and Gardens.
2. What can we learn about Rogers Building
A It used to be an art gallery. B. It was expanded in 1892.
C. It was once privately owned. D. It has been a culture center for 20 years.
3. In which column can this text probably be read
A. Business. B. Travel. C. Science. D. Education.
B
Humans eat an astonishing amount of meat every year-some 800 billion pounds of it, enough flesh to fill roughly 28 million dump trucks. Our desire for meat, particularly in industrialized countries like the United States, is one reason why the planet is warming as fast as it is. Raising animals consumes a lot of land that could otherwise soak up carbon. Cows, sheep, and goats give out heat-trapping methane (甲烷). And to grow the corn, soy, and other plants that those animals eat, farmers spray fertilizer that emits nitrous oxide (一氧化二氮), another planet-warming gas.
Cutting out meat sounds like an effective approach. But what would happen if everyone actually stopped eating meat tomorrow Such a quick shift probably wouldn’t cause the sort of turmoil that would come if the planet immediately abandoned fossil fuels. But still, the consequence could be quite chaotic, causing different problems.
Researchers say the economic damage caused by the sudden disappearance of meat would fall disproportionately on low-income countries with farming economies, like Niger or Kenya, where farming and raising livestock are critical sources of income. Getting rid of livestock overnight would not only deprive many people of essential nutrients, but also threaten food security, especially in regions like South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Besides, there’s the issue of cultural damage. Taking away meat, according to Wilson Warren, a history professor at Western Michigan University, would do more than just deprive Americans of hot dogs and hamburgers and Italians of salami.
Rejecting meat entirely, let alone immediately, isn’t an ideal solution to the climate crisis. Dutkiewicz, a political economist at the Pratt Institute, suggested using guidelines established by the EAT-Lancet Commission, an international group of scientists who have designed a diet intended to give people the nutrients they need without destroying the planet.
4. What can be inferred from the first paragraph
A. Feeding animals costs more than growing plants.
B. The USA consumes the most meat annually.
C. Meat consumption may increase global warming.
D. Fertilizer should be banned around the world.
5. What does the underlined word “turmoil” mean in paragraph 2
A. Prediction. B. Disorder. C. Pollution. D. Shortage.
6. Abandoning meat immediately might lead to ______.
A. the global crisis B. improved well-being
C. cultural diversity D. food safety issues
7. What might the author continue talking about
A The declining meat industry. B. Specific diet suggestions.
C. Global climate crisis. D. Farmers’ protest.
C
Halloween candy could be in for a California big change. State lawmakers last month passed the California Food Safety Act, which bans four materials found in popular snacks and packaged foods - including candy corm and other Halloween treats. Set to take effect in 2027, the ban will lead candy and food producers to change their formulas for products sold both in California and elsewhere around the country.
The law bans the production and sale of some materials, which are used in processed foods including kinds of instant potatoes and sodas, as well as candies. The additives (添加剂) have been linked to increased risks of cancer and nervous system problems, according to the Environmental Working Group, which started the act, and are already banned in many other countries.
Food producers and their lobbyists (说客) opposed the law, arguing the conclusion that the four additives are unhealthy should be made by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They thought that evaluating the safety of food materials and additives should rely on the scientific accuracy of the FDA. But food safety advocates say the FDA has moved far too slowly in regulating food chemicals. It’s unacceptable that the U.S. is so far behind the rest of the world when it comes to food safety.
California’s act made headlines this year as a “Skittles (彩虹糖) ban” that would wipe popular candies off California shelves. But supporters of the act said the intention is simply to require changes in the materials, as has already happened in Europe. Perhaps the most standing-out material on California’s banned list is red dye No. 3. It is allowed only in candied and cocktail cherries in the European Union but more than 3,000 products contain the chemical in the U. S. The list includes items like frosted pretzels and scores of brand-name candies such as Peeps and Pez. It also includes items like fruit cocktail cups, protein drinks, and yogurts.
8. How will Halloween candy in California change
A. It will change its recipes. B. It will transform its shapes.
C. It will move out of California. D. It will disappear completely.
9. What idea do food producers have against the act
A. FDA’s conclusion on the materials is wrong.
B. Four materials are allowed all over the world.
C. The materials’ safety needs to be reassessed.
D. FDA moves too fast in regulating food chemicals.
10. What can we infer about the act supporters’ request about Skittles
A. They demand a complete ban on Skittles.
B. They wish the “Skittles ban” to be headlines.
C. They want to apply European policies to Skittles.
D. They hope more red dye No. 3 is used in Skittles.
11 What is the text mainly about
A. California candy ban. B. Food safety in California.
C. The responsibility of FDA. D. Change of Halloween Candy.
D
“Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it.
Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research.
Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome (幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when she talks — but not when she walks. All this suggests that cognition is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all done in your head.
In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases of which they may be unaware.
In “The Crown”, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both.
12. Why does the author mention the old joke in Paragraph 1
A. To present an argument. B. To describe a scene.
C. To lead in the topic. D. To clarify a doubt.
13. Which statement will Susan Goldin-Meadow probably agree with
A. The disabled seldom use gestures. B. Gestures literally embody cognition.
C. Thinking only occurs inside the brain. D. Gestures are improper in communication.
14. What does the author try to prove in the last two paragraphs
A. Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks.
B. People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures.
C. Gesturing during speech shows only a lack of control.
D. Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Speech: A Direct Channel of Information B. Gestures: A Vital Form of Communication
C. Italian’s Body Language: A National Stereotype D. Thinking with Your Hands: A Lifetime’s Research
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you have ever looked closely at the tires on your car, you have probably seen little hairs sticking out of the black rubber. ____16____ Are they there for any safety reasons Those little bits are one of the strange car features some people may stop to think about.
Located on the vertical part of the tire, these curious little rubber hairs are known as “vent spews (轮胎毛刺)”. They are crucial in the tire-making process. As the tread pattern mold (胎面花纹模具) is pressed into the tire’s rubber, the extra rubber requires a way to escape the mold. ____17____
Curiously, there’s no set number of hairs each tire will have. ____18____ But the presence of tire hairs is universal. They are nothing more than remnants (残余部分) of the complex process that makes strong and durable tires.
____19____ Because they are found on the part of the tire rubber that doesn’t hit the road, and they have no impact on how well your tire grips (抓牢) the pavement in rainy weather. These rubber hairs also don’t have any impact on road noise or why your tires squeak when you’re driving. They are merely evidence of the new tire’s arrival in the world.
Tire hairs are naturally worn away during normal driving, and the presence or absence of these hairs doesn’t determine if a tire is safe. There is one instance, however, where the lack of tire hairs can matter. ____20____ As a responsible car owner, you should monitor the health of your tires regularly.
A. Why do tires have hairs
B. Tire hairs don’t have any effect on safe driving.
C. Are there any other interesting facts about cars
D. They look funny, yet every new car tire has them.
E. It could be a sign that tires are worn, old and need to be replaced.
F. The exact number varies based on the design and size of the tires.
G. Because tiny-size escape vents are created throughout each mold, little tire hairs are born.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandmother suffers from Alzheimer’s disease. Seeing her condition worsen over time, and knowing I could do nothing, created a feeling of ____21____ in me.
As the years passed and my understanding of the disease grew, my frustration turned first to anger, then resignation (顺从), and finally ____22____. Though the disease was bound to slowly eat away at her, there were ways to ____23____ its progress. Every night the two of us would sit together and ____24____ while my grandmother would count beans. The exercise could help to keep her mentally ____25____.
Gradually her counting became slower, and she would lose track of things more ____26____. While at night we would count beans, in the day I involved myself in studies of ____27____. My earlier feelings of despair gave way to ____28____; advances in genetic engineering offered the possibility that one day those like my grandmother could be cured, or ____29____ from developing Alzheimer’s in the first place.
Seeing my grandmother slip away ____30____ me to take biology courses to learn more about cells, the nervous system, and genetic information, which helped me better understand how our ____31____ of this disease has grown in the past decade. ____32____ I began to see new possibilities for preventing diseases like Alzheimer’s.
Nowadays, my grandmother cannot count beans anymore and doesn’t ____33____ me at all. Once she used to tell me stories and I whispered to her all my problems. Now I am a ____34____ to her. How I wish one day I could contribute to a future, where no child has to watch their grandmother count the ____35____ they have left together.
21. A. regret B. dilemma C. annoyance D. hopelessness
22. A. pity B. sympathy C. tolerance D. acceptance
23. A. stop B. slow C. change D. accelerate
24. A. chat B. sigh C. think D. complain
25. A. strong B. sharp. C. busy D. fresh
26. A. easily B. naturally C. slowly D. painfully
27. A. nursing B. biology C. companion D. psychology
28. A. anxiety B. calmness C. optimism D. indifference
29. A. excused B. defended C. prevented D. separated
30 A. urged B. forced C. required D. motivated
31. A. concern B. sympathy C. knowledge D. experience
32. A. Instantly B. Gradually C. Temporarily D. Accidentally
33. A. miss B. expect C. notice D. recognize
34. A. listener B. follower C. stranger D. watcher
35. A. time B. beans C. money D. stories
第二节（共10小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
From the adorable pandas in Sichuan to the playful Pallas’s cats in Inner Mongolia photographer Xie Jianguo has committed himself to documenting China’s rare and endangered animals, ____36____ highlight the country’s unique natural wonders.
Xie’s passion for ____37____ (photograph) wild animals is evident in his frequent visits to the remote destinations such as the Arctic continent. Since 2012, Xie Jianguo has redirected his lens (镜头) toward his homeland, focusing ____38____ wildlife in China. Now his ____39____ (footprint) have covered nearly all the provinces and regions throughout China.
During his shooting process, Xie ____40____ (place) great emphasis on building a harmonious relationship with the animals he encounters, ensuring that they are undisturbed and represented in their natural state. Xie said, “I am eager ____41____ (record) the beautiful moments of wildlife, to not only represent their living conditions but also to raise people’s ____42____ (aware) of protecting wild animals and their habitats. ____43____ (hopeful), my images can show the biodiversity and the achievements of wildlife protection in China. ”
With the aim of preserving the natural beauty of China ____44____ promoting its rich natural image culture to the world, Xie launched a project called “Nature Image China” in 2016. So far, over 100 photo exhibitions ____45____ (organize) by the project at home and abroad.
第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
根据首字母或中文提示写出单词，并注意所填单词的适当形式。
46. All jobs are equally important, so we should not have p__________ against any of them. (根据首字母单词拼写)
47. An applicant for a job may be evaluated based on several c__________, including their education, experience, and references. (根据首字母单词拼写)
48. She made an a__________ for her son to see the doctor at 2 o’clock this afternoon. (根据首字母单词拼写)
49. So far 32 students have r__________ for the Western Civilization course this term. (根据首字母单词拼写)
50. Steve was required to offer an explanation and c__________ what he meant. (根据首字母单词拼写)
51. The mayor __________ (辞职) suddenly after years of service, citing personal reasons for his departure.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)
52. The new policy was __________ (批评) for its potential negative impact on the environment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. We regret to inform you that our store will be closed __________ (临时) for repairs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. His decision to become a director met with fierce __________ (反对). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55. A business person __________ (谈判) with a large enterprise about a deal tends to use formal language. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
56. 你校拟以“My Favorite Teacher”为主题开展英语征文活动。请你在校英文报上写一篇征文启事，内容包括：
1. 征文目的；
2. 征文内容与要求；
3. 投稿方式。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Dog Who Saved Our Family
We met Max at the pickup area of Alaska Airlines five years ago. He was a standard poodle(狮子狗)born on Valentine’s Day in 2017， and came to us in a small blue box. We had adopted him from an out-of-state raiser who posted the news on the social network. Our only request was that he have a calm behavior, able to bear the pushing and hugging of our eight-year-old daughter and six-year-old son.
We were a sweet little family:me,my husband, and our children, Sophie and Jake. But for years I’d felt as if we wouldn’t really be complete until we had a dog. Also, my husband worked in a business company and had to travel some 200 days a year for his job, and I knew I’d feel safer with a large animal sleeping by the door.
When we opened the box, the last piece of our puzzle fell into place. With his black hair and intelligent eyes,Max was beautiful. He was so small that he fit into the palm of my hand, his big paws lapping over the sides. He was also a little bit scared. As I pulled him close,I felt his heart pound and wondered if we’d done the right thing, taking him from his mother. But it was too late. Sophie and Jake were already fighting over who would hold him next and who should have the right to take a bath for him.
Over the following months, we spent endless hours watching Max play with his Kong toy or roll around the living room floor. Like most poodles, he was smart. He mastered house-training quickly and never chewed on our furniture or shoes. He considered himself one of us.
注意
1. 续写词数应为150左右
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One night we were sleeping in the bedroom when I heard some strange noise.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At that time,Max ran towards me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年第二学期期中考试试卷
高二英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What part of maths is the woman bad at
A. Shapes. B. Numbers. C. Angles.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Doctor and patient.
3. What industry does the woman hope to work in
A. Travel. B. Finance. C. Medicine.
4. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a classroom. B. In the wild. C. In a hospital.
5. When will the woman’s mother probably arrive
A. At about 12:00 p.m. B. At about 3:00 p.m. C. At about 6:00 p.m.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What upsets the woman
A. Her campus life. B. Her friends’ attitude. C. Her recent schoolwork.
7. What is the man like according to the woman
A. Strict. B. Positive. C. Knowledgeable.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man’s job probably
A. A tour guide. B. A ship captain. C. A seaport manager.
9. Which country is the woman from
A. China. B. Singapore. C. Italy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What do the speakers mainly talk about
A. Robots will take jobs from humans.
B. Robots will replace humans entirely.
C. Robots will be introduced into homes.
11. How does the man think about robots
A. They are not very friendly.
B. They break down regularly.
C. They do more with less cost.
12. What percentage of jobs will be at risk during the next decade
A. 3%. B. 15%. C. 33%.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man’s job about
A. Observing the planets.
B. Doing research in space.
C. Teaching others knowledge.
14 What is the man looking at today
A. Mars. B. Venus. C. The Moon.
15. Where will the woman have lunch
A. At the man’s office. B. At a café. C. At her home.
16. What will the woman do next
A. Go home. B. Use the telescope. C. Have lunch.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. During which season did the speaker’s journey take place
A. Winter. B. Fall. C. Summer.
18. What is the speaker’s biggest challenge
A. Traveling alone. B. Bearing the heat. C. Cycling for long.
19. What did the family do for the speaker
A. They invited him to their house.
B. They taught him a new language.
C. They guided him through the desert.
20. What offers inspiration for the speaker’s new book
A. New friends. B. The landscape. C. Local food.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
American Unique Buildings
The country’s full of awe—inspiring natural wonders, but those made by man (and woman) are equally impressive. The architect behind a design or the creation’s history or purpose are all elements that may prove particularly attractive. These following buildings are all well worth visiting.
Bradbury Building
Los Angeles
Glancing at the Bradbury Building, built in 1893, the oldest commercial building in L.A., you may say: “OK, it’s a 19th-century relic.” Step inside and you will be surprised by the light-filled Victorian court, a wonder of open—cage elevators, marble stairs, and splendid iron barriers. Its architectural history is debatable — Sumner Hunt’s designs seem to have been completed by George H. Wyman, who monitored the construction.
Vizcaya Museum and Gardens
Miami
Built in 1916, the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, formerly Villa Vizcaya, is the one-time winter home of businessman James Deering. On Biscayne Bay in the Coconut Grove neighborhood, the early 20th-century property features Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) gardens, native woodlands, and a complex of historic outbuildings. The property designed by Paul Chalfin is today operated by Miami-Dade County.
Rogers Building
Orlando
The 132-year-old, Queen Anne-style structure, now housing an art gallery but a one-time home to cocktail-and-gaming clubs, was donated to the City of Orlando in 2018 earlier by Ford Kiene. The restriction that it must remain an arts and culture center for at least 20 years ensures public access for the near future.
Griffith Observatory
Los Angeles
It’s possible to see the stars at this destination that includes sweeping views of the city and the Hollywood sign, and has a planetarium (天文馆) to boot. It’s been a draw for its construction style sign its 1935 opening, with a $93 million expansion completed in 2006.
1. Which of the following places has the shortest history
A. Bradbury Building. B. Griffith Observatory.
C. Rogers Building. D. Vizcaya Museum and Gardens.
2. What can we learn about Rogers Building
A. It used to be an art gallery. B. It was expanded in 1892.
C. It was once privately owned. D. It has been a culture center for 20 years.
3. In which column can this text probably be read
A. Business. B. Travel. C. Science. D. Education.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。主要介绍了美国四座独特的建筑物，文章详细描述了这些建筑物的历史、建筑风格、特色以及现今的用途，强调了它们作为旅游景点和文化遗产的重要性。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Glancing at the Bradbury Building, built in 1893(瞥一眼建于1893年的布拉德伯里大厦)”、第三段“Built in 1916, the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, formerly Villa Vizcaya, is the one-time winter home of businessman James Deering.( Vizcaya博物馆和花园始建于1916年，前身为Villa Vizcaia，曾是商人James Deering的冬季住所)”、第四段“The 132-year-old, Queen Anne-style structure, now housing an art gallery but a one-time home to cocktail-and-gaming clubs, was donated to the City of Orlando in 2018 earlier by Ford Kiene.( 这座有132年历史的安妮女王风格建筑，现在有一个美术馆，但曾经是鸡尾酒和游戏俱乐部的所在地，于2018年初由Ford Kiene捐赠给奥兰多市)”以及最后一段“It’s been a draw for its construction style sign its 1935 opening, with a $93 million expansion completed in 2006.( 1935年开业，耗资9300万美元的扩建工程于2006年竣工，这是一个吸引人的建筑风格标志)”可知，格里菲斯天文台历史最短，故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The 132-year-old, Queen Anne-style structure, now housing an art gallery but a one-time home to cocktail-and-gaming clubs, was donated to the City of Orlando in 2018 earlier by Ford Kiene.( 这座有132年历史的安妮女王风格建筑，现在有一个美术馆，但曾经是鸡尾酒和游戏俱乐部的所在地，于2018年初由Ford Kiene捐赠给奥兰多市)”可推理出，罗杰斯大厦曾经是私人所有，故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The architect behind a design or the creation’s history or purpose are all elements that may prove particularly attractive. These following buildings are all well worth visiting(设计背后的建筑师或创作的历史或目的都是可能被证明特别有吸引力的元素。以下这些建筑都非常值得一游)”以及“Bradbury Building(布拉德伯里大楼)”、“Vizcaya Museum and Gardens(菲卡亚博物馆和花园)”、“Rogers Building(罗杰斯大厦)”以及“Griffith Observatory(格里菲斯天文台)”可推理出本文主要介绍了美国四座独特的建筑物，可推理出本文出自“旅游”栏目，故选B项。
B
Humans eat an astonishing amount of meat every year-some 800 billion pounds of it, enough flesh to fill roughly 28 million dump trucks. Our desire for meat, particularly in industrialized countries like the United States, is one reason why the planet is warming as fast as it is. Raising animals consumes a lot of land that could otherwise soak up carbon. Cows, sheep, and goats give out heat-trapping methane (甲烷). And to grow the corn, soy, and other plants that those animals eat, farmers spray fertilizer that emits nitrous oxide (一氧化二氮), another planet-warming gas.
Cutting out meat sounds like an effective approach. But what would happen if everyone actually stopped eating meat tomorrow Such a quick shift probably wouldn’t cause the sort of turmoil that would come if the planet immediately abandoned fossil fuels. But still, the consequence could be quite chaotic, causing different problems.
Researchers say the economic damage caused by the sudden disappearance of meat would fall disproportionately on low-income countries with farming economies, like Niger or Kenya, where farming and raising livestock are critical sources of income. Getting rid of livestock overnight would not only deprive many people of essential nutrients, but also threaten food security, especially in regions like South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Besides, there’s the issue of cultural damage. Taking away meat, according to Wilson Warren, a history professor at Western Michigan University, would do more than just deprive Americans of hot dogs and hamburgers and Italians of salami.
Rejecting meat entirely, let alone immediately, isn’t an ideal solution to the climate crisis. Dutkiewicz, a political economist at the Pratt Institute, suggested using guidelines established by the EAT-Lancet Commission, an international group of scientists who have designed a diet intended to give people the nutrients they need without destroying the planet.
4. What can be inferred from the first paragraph
A. Feeding animals costs more than growing plants.
B. The USA consumes the most meat annually.
C. Meat consumption may increase global warming.
D. Fertilizer should be banned around the world.
5. What does the underlined word “turmoil” mean in paragraph 2
A. Prediction. B. Disorder. C. Pollution. D. Shortage.
6. Abandoning meat immediately might lead to ______.
A. the global crisis B. improved well-being
C. cultural diversity D. food safety issues
7. What might the author continue talking about
A. The declining meat industry. B. Specific diet suggestions.
C. Global climate crisis. D. Farmers’ protest.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这一篇说明文。文章主要说明了肉类消费可能会加剧全球变暖，但是要循序渐进，否则会引发食品安全问题和混乱。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Our desire for meat, particularly in industrialized countries like the United States, is one reason why the planet is warming as fast as it is. Raising animals consumes a lot of land that could otherwise soak up carbon. Cows, sheep, and goats give out heat-trapping methane (甲烷). And to grow the corn, soy, and other plants that those animals eat, farmers spray fertilizer that emits nitrous oxide (一氧化二氮), another planet-warming gas.(我们对肉类的渴望，尤其是在像美国这样的工业化国家，是地球变暖速度如此之快的原因之一。饲养动物消耗了大量原本可以吸收碳的土地。牛、绵羊和山羊会释放出吸收热量的甲烷。为了种植这些动物食用的玉米、大豆和其他植物，农民们喷洒的肥料会排放一氧化二氮，这是另一种使地球变暖的气体)”可推知，肉类消费可能会加剧全球变暖。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“But still, the consequence could be quite chaotic, causing different problems.(但是，后果可能是相当混乱的，造成不同的问题)可知，立刻摒弃肉食也许并不会像立即放弃化石燃料一样引起动荡。但是其后果依然混乱，会造成不同的问题。故划线词意思是“混乱”。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Getting rid of livestock overnight would not only deprive many people of essential nutrients, but also threaten food security, especially in regions like South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.(一夜之间摆脱牲畜不仅会剥夺许多人的基本营养，而且还会威胁到粮食安全，特别是在南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲地区)”可知，立即放弃肉类可能会导致食品安全问题。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dutkiewicz, a political economist at the Pratt Institute, suggested using guidelines established by the EAT-Lancet Commission, an international group of scientists who have designed a diet intended to give people the nutrients they need without destroying the planet.(普拉特研究所的政治经济学家Dutkiewicz建议使用EAT-Lancet委员会制定的指导方针。EAT-Lancet委员会是一个由国际科学家组成的组织，他们设计了一种饮食，旨在为人们提供所需的营养，同时又不破坏地球)”可推知，作者可能会继续谈论具体的饮食建议。故选B。
C
Halloween candy could be in for a California big change. State lawmakers last month passed the California Food Safety Act, which bans four materials found in popular snacks and packaged foods - including candy corm and other Halloween treats. Set to take effect in 2027, the ban will lead candy and food producers to change their formulas for products sold both in California and elsewhere around the country.
The law bans the production and sale of some materials, which are used in processed foods including kinds of instant potatoes and sodas, as well as candies. The additives (添加剂) have been linked to increased risks of cancer and nervous system problems, according to the Environmental Working Group, which started the act, and are already banned in many other countries.
Food producers and their lobbyists (说客) opposed the law, arguing the conclusion that the four additives are unhealthy should be made by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They thought that evaluating the safety of food materials and additives should rely on the scientific accuracy of the FDA. But food safety advocates say the FDA has moved far too slowly in regulating food chemicals. It’s unacceptable that the U.S. is so far behind the rest of the world when it comes to food safety.
California’s act made headlines this year as a “Skittles (彩虹糖) ban” that would wipe popular candies off California shelves. But supporters of the act said the intention is simply to require changes in the materials, as has already happened in Europe. Perhaps the most standing-out material on California’s banned list is red dye No. 3. It is allowed only in candied and cocktail cherries in the European Union but more than 3,000 products contain the chemical in the U. S. The list includes items like frosted pretzels and scores of brand-name candies such as Peeps and Pez. It also includes items like fruit cocktail cups, protein drinks, and yogurts.
8. How will Halloween candy in California change
A. It will change its recipes. B. It will transform its shapes.
C. It will move out of California. D. It will disappear completely.
9. What idea do food producers have against the act
A. FDA’s conclusion on the materials is wrong.
B. Four materials are allowed all over the world.
C. The materials’ safety needs to be reassessed.
D. FDA moves too fast in regulating food chemicals.
10. What can we infer about the act supporters’ request about Skittles
A. They demand a complete ban on Skittles.
B. They wish the “Skittles ban” to be headlines.
C. They want to apply European policies to Skittles.
D. They hope more red dye No. 3 is used in Skittles.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. California candy ban. B. Food safety in California.
C. The responsibility of FDA. D. Change of Halloween Candy.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。加州立法者通过了《加州食品安全法》, 禁止在流行的零食和包装食品中出现四种添加剂, 包括玉米糖和其他万圣节零食。这项禁令将于2027 年生效, 它将导致糖果和食品生产商改变在加州和其他地方销售的产品的配方。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Set to take effect in 2027, the ban will lead candy and food producers to change their formulas for products sold both in California and elsewhere around the country.(该禁令将于2027年生效，将导致糖果和食品生产商改变在加州和全国其他地方销售的产品的配方)”可知, 禁令将导致糖果和食品生产商改变在加州和其他地方销售的产品的配方。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Food producers and their lobbyists (说客) opposed the law, arguing the conclusion that the four additives are unhealthy should be made by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).(食品生产商和他们的说客反对这项法律，认为这四种添加剂不健康的结论应该由食品和药物管理局(FDA)做出)”可知, 食品生产商和他们的游说者反对这项法律, 认为这样的评估应该由食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 进行，也就是这些材料的安全性需要重新评估。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But supporters of the act said the intention is simply to require changes in the materials, as has already happened in Europe.(但该法案的支持者表示，其目的只是要求改变材料，就像欧洲已经发生的那样)”可知, 法案的支持者希望加州能够实行欧洲的针对食品添加剂的做法。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Halloween candy could be in for a California big change. State lawmakers last month passed the California Food Safety Act, which bans four materials found in popular snacks and packaged foods - including candy corm and other Halloween treats. Set to take effect in 2027, the ban will lead candy and food producers to change their formulas for products sold both in California and elsewhere around the country.(万圣节糖果可能会在加州发生重大变化。加州立法者上个月通过了《加州食品安全法》，禁止在流行的零食和包装食品中发现四种物质，包括玉米糖和其他万圣节零食。该禁令将于2027年生效，将导致糖果和食品生产商改变在加州和全国其他地方销售的产品的配方)”可知，本文主要讲述了加州立法者上个月通过了《加州食品安全法》, 禁止在流行的零食和包装食品中使用四种添加剂。这将导致糖果和食品生产商改变他们在加州和其他地方销售的产品的配方。故选A项。
D
“Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it.
Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research.
Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome (幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when she talks — but not when she walks. All this suggests that cognition is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all done in your head.
In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases of which they may be unaware.
In “The Crown”, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both.
12. Why does the author mention the old joke in Paragraph 1
A. To present an argument. B. To describe a scene.
C. To lead in the topic. D. To clarify a doubt.
13. Which statement will Susan Goldin-Meadow probably agree with
A. The disabled seldom use gestures. B. Gestures literally embody cognition.
C. Thinking only occurs inside the brain. D. Gestures are improper in communication.
14. What does the author try to prove in the last two paragraphs
A. Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks.
B. People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures.
C. Gesturing during speech shows only a lack of control.
D. Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Speech: A Direct Channel of Information B. Gestures: A Vital Form of Communication
C. Italian’s Body Language: A National Stereotype D. Thinking with Your Hands: A Lifetime’s Research
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芝加哥大学的苏珊·戈尔丁-梅多的新的研究发现，她认为情绪以多种方式表现出来：面部表情、姿势、语调等等。但是，当人们在说话时使用手势时，他们的行为是不同的。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it. (“把意大利人的手绑在背后，”一个老笑话说，“他会哑口无言。”这是基于一个民族的刻板印象：意大利人健谈、情绪化，所有的握手都被认为是证明这一点的证据。)”以及第二段“But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research. (但是，当人们在说话时使用手势时，他们的行为是不同的，她在新书的标题中总结了这一点，“用你的手思考”。这是一次对一生研究的精湛之旅。)”可知，作者在第一段提到关于意大利的老笑话是为了引出本文的主题——手势在交流中的重要性。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research. (芝加哥大学的Susan Goldin-Meadow有不同的看法。情绪以多种方式表现出来：面部表情、姿势、语调等等。但是，当人们在说话时使用手势时，他们的行为是不同的，她在新书的标题中总结了这一点，“用你的手思考”。这是一次对一生研究的精湛之旅。)”可知，Susan Goldin-Meadow认为人们在使用手势与语言时实际上在做一些不同的事情，并强调手势是思考和交流的一部分。她通过“用你的手思考”这个书名也表达了类似的观点，即手势在某种程度上体现了认知。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words—while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases of which they may be unaware. (事实上，伴随着说话的手势是第二种信息渠道。研究对象观看了一部电影，电影中有一只猫在跑，但被要求撒谎说它是跳下来的。他们用语言来表达，而他们的手做着奔跑的动作。那些说自己相信男女平等，但在谈论女性时把手放低的人并不是在暗示女性的身高；他们可能会表现出自己可能没有意识到的偏见。)”可知，作者通过举例和解释来论证手势可能表达说话者真正的想法。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both. (读过Susan这本书的人再也不会认为手势只是缺乏控制的表现。它是关于思考和交流的，是对两者的复杂辅助。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了手势作为一种重要的交流形式，在语言和思考中所扮演的角色。从文章开头提到的意大利人的笑话，到Susan Goldin-Meadow教授的观点，再到各种实验和实例的引用，都旨在强调手势在交流中的不可或缺的地位。因此，标题应该突出手势作为交流的一种重要形式，选项B“Gestures: A Vital Form of Communication (手势：一种重要的交流形式)”最符合文章的中心思想。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you have ever looked closely at the tires on your car, you have probably seen little hairs sticking out of the black rubber. ____16____ Are they there for any safety reasons Those little bits are one of the strange car features some people may stop to think about.
Located on the vertical part of the tire, these curious little rubber hairs are known as “vent spews (轮胎毛刺)”. They are crucial in the tire-making process. As the tread pattern mold (胎面花纹模具) is pressed into the tire’s rubber, the extra rubber requires a way to escape the mold. ____17____
Curiously, there’s no set number of hairs each tire will have. ____18____ But the presence of tire hairs is universal. They are nothing more than remnants (残余部分) of the complex process that makes strong and durable tires.
____19____ Because they are found on the part of the tire rubber that doesn’t hit the road, and they have no impact on how well your tire grips (抓牢) the pavement in rainy weather. These rubber hairs also don’t have any impact on road noise or why your tires squeak when you’re driving. They are merely evidence of the new tire’s arrival in the world.
Tire hairs are naturally worn away during normal driving, and the presence or absence of these hairs doesn’t determine if a tire is safe. There is one instance, however, where the lack of tire hairs can matter. ____20____ As a responsible car owner, you should monitor the health of your tires regularly.
A. Why do tires have hairs
B. Tire hairs don’t have any effect on safe driving.
C. Are there any other interesting facts about cars
D. They look funny, yet every new car tire has them.
E. It could be a sign that tires are worn, old and need to be replaced.
F. The exact number varies based on the design and size of the tires.
G. Because tiny-size escape vents are created throughout each mold, little tire hairs are born.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了汽车轮胎上的轮胎毛刺的作用，它们并不影响轮胎的安全性能和操控性能。文章提醒读者要定期检查轮胎的健康状况。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Are they there for any safety reasons Those little bits are one of the strange car features some people may stop to think about. (它们是出于安全考虑吗？这些小部件是一些人可能会停下来思考的奇怪汽车特征之一。)”可知，此处强调的一些人的疑问：汽车轮胎上伸出的黑色橡胶毛刺是出于安全考虑么？A选项“Why do tires have hairs ( 为什么轮胎有毛？)”与前文构成并列，提出“为什么轮胎有毛刺？”的问题，符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文“As the tread pattern mold (胎面花纹模具) is pressed into the tire’s rubber, the extra rubber requires a way to escape the mold. (当胎面花纹模具被压入轮胎的橡胶时，多余的橡胶需要一种渗出模具的方法。)”可知，此处解释的是当花纹模具压入轮胎的橡胶时，多余的橡胶需要一种方式来渗出模具，即介绍了轮胎毛刺产生的过程。G选项“Because tiny-size escape vents are created throughout each mold, little tire hairs are born. (因为在每个模具中都有微小的排气口，所以小轮胎毛就产生了。)”承接前文，指出轮胎中微小的排气孔导致小轮胎毛刺产生，符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Curiously, there’s no set number of hairs each tire will have. (奇怪的是，每个轮胎都没有固定数量的毛刺数量。)”可知，此处对每个轮胎的毛刺数量进行说明。F选项“The exact number varies based on the design and size of the tires. (确切的数字根据轮胎的设计和尺寸而有所不同。)”承接前文，指出确切的轮胎毛刺数量依据不同的轮胎的设计和尺寸不同，毛刺的数量也不同，该选项符语境，与上文保持话题一致。故选F。
【19题详解】
本空置于段首，应该是本段的段旨。根据后文的“Because they are found on the part of the tire rubber that doesn’t hit the road, and they have no impact on how well your tire grips(抓牢) the pavement in rainy weather. (因为它们存在于轮胎橡胶中不与路面接触的部分，它们对雨天轮胎对路面的抓地力没有影响。)”可知，此处介绍了存在于轮胎橡胶中不与路面接触的部分，它们对雨天轮胎对路面的抓地力没有影响即轮胎上的小毛刺对于安全行驶并没有任何作用。B选项“Tire hairs don’t have any effect on safe driving. (轮胎毛刺对安全驾驶没有任何影响。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据前文“There is one instance, however, where the lack of tire hairs can matter. (然而，有一种情况下，缺乏轮胎毛可能会产生影响。)”以及后文“As a responsible car owner, you should monitor the health of your tires regularly. (作为一个负责任的车主，你应该定期监测轮胎的健康状况。)”可知，此处强调的是缺少轮胎上的小毛刺在一种情况下会产生影响。E选项“It could be a sign that tires are worn, old and need to be replaced. (这可能是一个迹象，轮胎磨损，老旧需要更换。)”承接前文，指出轮胎缺少小毛刺意味着轮胎磨损，老旧需要更换，由此与下文建议定期监测轮胎的健康状况，形成呼应。故该选项符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandmother suffers from Alzheimer’s disease. Seeing her condition worsen over time, and knowing I could do nothing, created a feeling of ____21____ in me.
As the years passed and my understanding of the disease grew, my frustration turned first to anger, then resignation (顺从), and finally ____22____. Though the disease was bound to slowly eat away at her, there were ways to ____23____ its progress. Every night the two of us would sit together and ____24____ while my grandmother would count beans. The exercise could help to keep her mentally ____25____.
Gradually her counting became slower, and she would lose track of things more ____26____. While at night we would count beans, in the day I involved myself in studies of ____27____. My earlier feelings of despair gave way to ____28____; advances in genetic engineering offered the possibility that one day those like my grandmother could be cured, or ____29____ from developing Alzheimer’s in the first place.
Seeing my grandmother slip away ____30____ me to take biology courses to learn more about cells, the nervous system, and genetic information, which helped me better understand how our ____31____ of this disease has grown in the past decade. ____32____ I began to see new possibilities for preventing diseases like Alzheimer’s.
Nowadays, my grandmother cannot count beans anymore and doesn’t ____33____ me at all. Once she used to tell me stories and I whispered to her all my problems. Now I am a ____34____ to her. How I wish one day I could contribute to a future, where no child has to watch their grandmother count the ____35____ they have left together.
21. A. regret B. dilemma C. annoyance D. hopelessness
22. A. pity B. sympathy C. tolerance D. acceptance
23. A. stop B. slow C. change D. accelerate
24. A. chat B. sigh C. think D. complain
25. A. strong B. sharp. C. busy D. fresh
26. A. easily B. naturally C. slowly D. painfully
27. A. nursing B. biology C. companion D. psychology
28. A. anxiety B. calmness C. optimism D. indifference
29. A. excused B. defended C. prevented D. separated
30. A. urged B. forced C. required D. motivated
31. A. concern B. sympathy C. knowledge D. experience
32. A. Instantly B. Gradually C. Temporarily D. Accidentally
33. A. miss B. expect C. notice D. recognize
34. A. listener B. follower C. stranger D. watcher
35. A. time B. beans C. money D. stories
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者陪伴患老年痴呆症奶奶一起生活的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着她的病情随着时间的推移而恶化，知道我无能为力，我产生了一种绝望的感觉。A. regret后悔；B. dilemma困境；C. annoyance烦恼；D. hopelessness绝望。由上文“I could do nothing”可知，这是很“绝望”的感觉。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着岁月的流逝，我对这种疾病的了解与日俱增，我的沮丧首先变成了愤怒，然后是顺从，最后是接受。 A. pity可怜；B. sympathy同情；C. tolerance容忍；D. acceptance接受。由上文“anger, then resignation”以及语境可知，作者最后“接受”了事实。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管这种疾病一定会慢慢折磨她，但还是有办法减缓它的进展。A. stop停止；B. slow减缓；C. change改变；D. accelerate加快。由下文“my grandmother would count beans” 可知，作者用奶奶数豆子的方式来“减缓”疾病的恶化。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，我们俩坐在一起聊天，而我奶奶则数豆子。A. chat聊天；B. sigh叹气；C. think思考；D. complain抱怨。由上文“sit together”以及语境可知，作者和奶奶坐一起“聊天”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项运动可以帮助她保持精神敏锐。A. strong强的；B. sharp锋利的，敏锐的；C. busy忙的；D. fresh新鲜的。由上文 “my grandmother would count beans”以及语境可知，这里指数豆子可以帮助作者奶奶保持精神“敏锐”，延缓老年痴呆。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她的计数速度变慢了，她也更容易忘记事情。A. easily容易地；B. naturally自然地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. painfully痛苦地。由上文“Gradually her counting became slower”可知，作者奶奶老年痴呆症越来越严重了，所以更“容易”忘事。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上我们会数豆子，白天我会研究生物学。A. nursing护理；B. biology生物学；C. companion陪同；D. psychology心理学。由下文“me to take biology courses to learn more about cells”可知，作者在研究“生物学”。故选B项。
28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我早些时候的绝望感让位于最佳状态；基因工程的进步提供了一种可能性，即有一天，像我奶奶这样的人可以被治愈，或者从一开始就避免患上阿尔茨海默氏症。A. anxiety焦虑；B. calmness冷静；C. optimism乐观主义；D. indifference冷漠。由下文“advances in genetic engineering offered the possibility that one day those like my grandmother could be cured”可知，作者变得“乐观”，相信有一天阿尔茨海默氏症可以避免或者治疗。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我早些时候的绝望感让位于最佳状态；基因工程的进步提供了一种可能性，即有一天，像我奶奶这样的人可以被治愈，或者从一开始就避免患上阿尔茨海默氏症。A. excused原谅；B. defended为……辩护；C. prevented预防；D. separated分开。由上文“could be cured”可知，作者期待阿尔茨海默氏症可以被治疗或者“预防”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到奶奶越来越健忘，我开始学习生物学课程，更多地了解细胞、神经系统和遗传信息，这帮助我更好地了解我们对这种疾病的了解在过去十年中是如何增长的。A. urged催促；B. forced强制；C. required要求；D. motivated激励。由上文“Seeing my grandmother slip away”可知，看到奶奶的状况“激励”作者选择学习生物学课程，希望更好帮助奶奶。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到奶奶越来越健忘，我开始学习生物学课程，更多地了解细胞、神经系统和遗传信息，这帮助我更好地了解我们对这种疾病的了解在过去十年中是如何增长的。A. concern关心；B. sympathy同情；C. knowledge知识，了解；D. experience经验。由上文 “cells, the nervous system, and genetic information”可知，作者希望通过学习这些更多“了解”这种疾病。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始看到预防阿尔茨海默氏症等疾病的新可能性。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Temporarily暂时地；D. Accidentally意外地。由下文“new possibilities for preventing diseases like Alzheimer’s”以及语境可知，“逐渐地”，作者期待像这样的疾病可以被预防。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，我的奶奶再也不会数豆子了，根本认不出我了。A. miss想念；B. expect期待；C. notice注意到；D. recognize认出。由上文“my grandmother cannot count beans anymore ”以及语境可知，奶奶情况恶化，最终不能“认出”作者了。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我对她已经陌生了。A. listener听众；B. follower跟随者；C. stranger陌生人；D. watcher观察者。由上文“doesn’t 13 me at all”可知，对于奶奶，作者现在就是“陌生人”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我多么希望有一天我能为未来做出贡献，在未来，没有孩子必须看着他们的祖母计算他们在一起剩下的时间。A. time时间；B. beans豆子；C. money钱；D. stories故事。由下文“they have left together”以及语境可知，这里指一起数剩下来在一起的“时间”。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
From the adorable pandas in Sichuan to the playful Pallas’s cats in Inner Mongolia, photographer Xie Jianguo has committed himself to documenting China’s rare and endangered animals, ____36____ highlight the country’s unique natural wonders.
Xie’s passion for ____37____ (photograph) wild animals is evident in his frequent visits to the remote destinations such as the Arctic continent. Since 2012, Xie Jianguo has redirected his lens (镜头) toward his homeland, focusing ____38____ wildlife in China. Now his ____39____ (footprint) have covered nearly all the provinces and regions throughout China.
During his shooting process, Xie ____40____ (place) great emphasis on building a harmonious relationship with the animals he encounters, ensuring that they are undisturbed and represented in their natural state. Xie said, “I am eager ____41____ (record) the beautiful moments of wildlife, to not only represent their living conditions but also to raise people’s ____42____ (aware) of protecting wild animals and their habitats. ____43____ (hopeful), my images can show the biodiversity and the achievements of wildlife protection in China. ”
With the aim of preserving the natural beauty of China ____44____ promoting its rich natural image culture to the world, Xie launched a project called “Nature Image China” in 2016. So far, over 100 photo exhibitions ____45____ (organize) by the project at home and abroad.
【答案】36. which
37. photographing
38. on 39. footprints
40. places 41. to record
42. awareness
43. Hopefully
44. and 45. have been organized
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国生态摄影师谢建国利用影像的力量促进中国生态保护事业发展的事迹。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：从四川可爱的大熊猫到内蒙古顽皮的帕拉斯猫，摄影师谢建国致力于记录中国的珍稀濒危动物，这些动物突出了中国独特的自然奇观。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是rare and endangered animals，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：谢对拍摄野生动物的热情在他频繁前往北极等偏远地区的过程中可见一斑。the passion for doing sth，意为“做某事的热情”，应用动名词，作宾语。故填photographing。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：自2012年以来，谢建国将镜头转向祖国，聚焦中国的野生动物。固定搭配focus on sth，意为“专注于某事”，为固定搭配。故填on。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：现在，他的足迹几乎覆盖了中国的所有省份和地区。根据后面谓语动词have covered可知，主语应是复数形式。故填footprints。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在拍摄过程中，谢非常重视与遇到的动物建立和谐的关系，确保它们不受干扰，以自然状态表现出来。结合语境可知，本句描述的是摄影师在摄影过程中的习惯性动作，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，place great emphasis on sth，意为“重视某事”。故填places。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我渴望记录野生动物的美丽时刻，不仅代表它们的生活条件，还提高人们保护野生动物及其栖息地的意识。固定搭配be eager to do sth.，意为“渴望做/热切做某事”。故填to record。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：我渴望记录野生动物的美丽时刻，不仅代表它们的生活条件，还提高人们保护野生动物及其栖息地的意识。固定搭配raise people’s awareness，意为“提升人们的意识”，awareness不可数名词，作宾语。故填awareness。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：希望我的照片能够展示中国的生物多样性和野生动物保护的成就。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词hopefully，作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Hopefully。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：为了保护中国的自然美景，向世界宣传中国丰富的自然影像文化，谢在2016年发起了一个名为“自然影像中国”的项目。分析句子可知，此处应用and并列了两个动名词短语。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：到目前为止，已有超过100场照片展在国内外被举办。so far是现在完成时的标志词，且exhibitions与organize为被动关系，所以此空应填现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been organized。
第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
根据首字母或中文提示写出单词，并注意所填单词的适当形式。
46. All jobs are equally important, so we should not have p__________ against any of them. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】prejudice##rejudice
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的工作都同样重要，所以我们不应该对任何一种工作抱有偏见。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词prejudice，作宾语，不可数。故填prejudice。
47. An applicant for a job may be evaluated based on several c__________, including their education, experience, and references. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】criteria##riteria
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：求职者可能会根据几个标准来评估，包括他们的教育、经验和推荐信。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词criterion，根据several可知用复数。故填criteria。
48. She made an a__________ for her son to see the doctor at 2 o’clock this afternoon. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appointment##ppointment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她为她儿子预约了今天下午2点看病。根据句意和首字母可知，此处使用名词appointment“预约”，作宾语，由空前an可知，应用名词单数形式。故填appointment。
49. So far 32 students have r__________ for the Western Civilization course this term. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】registered##egistered
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，有32名学生已经报名了本学期的西方文明课程。根据句意和给出的首字母“r”，可知空处应填入的单词是“register”。“register for”是固定搭配，意思是“注册、报名参加”。根据句中“so far”可知句子应用现在完成时。故填registered。
50. Steve was required to offer an explanation and c__________ what he meant. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】clarify##larify
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：史蒂夫被要求做出解释，并澄清他的意思。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词clarify，上文为短语be required to do sth.，故填clarify。
51. The mayor __________ (辞职) suddenly after years of service, citing personal reasons for his departure.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】resigned
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：市长在多年服务后突然辞职，并提及其离职原因是个人因素。根据所给汉语意思可知，空处应填resign“辞职”，描述过去的一次性动作应用一般过去时。故填resigned。
52. The new policy was __________ (批评) for its potential negative impact on the environment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】criticised
【解析】
【详解】考语态。句意：新政策因可能对环境造成负面影响而受到批评。根据所给中文提示词，应是criticise意为“批评”，和主语The new policy之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处填过去分词形式。故填criticised。
53. We regret to inform you that our store will be closed __________ (临时) for repairs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】temporarily
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我们很遗憾地通知您，我们的商店将因维修而临时关闭。分析句子可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“close”，根据所给中文提示词，应是temporarily意为“临时地”符合语境。故填temporarily。
54. His decision to become a director met with fierce __________ (反对). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disapproval
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他当导演的决定遭到强烈反对。根据汉语提示可知应用名词disapproval，作宾语，不可数。故填disapproval。
55. A business person __________ (谈判) with a large enterprise about a deal tends to use formal language. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】negotiating
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：商务人士在与大企业谈判交易时往往使用正式语言。根据汉语提示及句意，应是negotiate意为“谈判”，句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。名词A business person与negotiate之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填negotiating。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
56. 你校拟以“My Favorite Teacher”为主题开展英语征文活动。请你在校英文报上写一篇征文启事，内容包括：
1. 征文目的；
2. 征文内容与要求；
3. 投稿方式。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Contributions Wanted
With the purpose of celebrating the 37th Teachers ‘Day, our school English newspaper is calling for contributions of “Respect Teachers and Thank Teachers”.
It is all the students in our school that are welcome to write your compositions to us. You can write your compositions in the form of story, essay or poem, the title of which should be “My Favorite Teacher ”. Of course, your compositions may be sent to us by posting or by e-mail before September 5.
We are looking forward to your joining us. If your compositions are adopted, you are sure to get rich contribution fee.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校拟以“My Favorite Teacher”为主题开展英语征文活动。请考生在校英文报上写一篇征文启事，内容包括：1. 征文目的；2. 征文内容与要求；3. 投稿方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
目的：purpose → aim
当然：Of course → Certainly
期盼：look forward to → expect
采用：adopt → put to use
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the purpose of celebrating the 37th Teachers ‘Day, our school English newspaper is calling for contributions of “Respect Teachers and Thank Teachers”.
拓展句：Our school English newspaper is calling for contributions of “Respect Teachers and Thank Teachers”，the purpose of which is to celebrate the 37th Teachers ‘Day.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is all the students in our school that are welcome to write your compositions to us.（运用了强调句）
【高分句型2】You can write your compositions in the form of story, essay or poem, the title of which should be “My Favorite Teacher ”.（运用了介词+which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Dog Who Saved Our Family
We met Max at the pickup area of Alaska Airlines five years ago. He was a standard poodle(狮子狗)born on Valentine’s Day in 2017， and came to us in a small blue box. We had adopted him from an out-of-state raiser who posted the news on the social network. Our only request was that he have a calm behavior, able to bear the pushing and hugging of our eight-year-old daughter and six-year-old son.
We were a sweet little family:me,my husband, and our children, Sophie and Jake. But for years I’d felt as if we wouldn’t really be complete until we had a dog. Also, my husband worked in a business company and had to travel some 200 days a year for his job, and I knew I’d feel safer with a large animal sleeping by the door.
When we opened the box, the last piece of our puzzle fell into place. With his black hair and intelligent eyes,Max was beautiful. He was so small that he fit into the palm of my hand, his big paws lapping over the sides. He was also a little bit scared. As I pulled him close,I felt his heart pound and wondered if we’d done the right thing, taking him from his mother. But it was too late. Sophie and Jake were already fighting over who would hold him next and who should have the right to take a bath for him.
Over the following months, we spent endless hours watching Max play with his Kong toy or roll around the living room floor. Like most poodles, he was smart. He mastered house-training quickly and never chewed on our furniture or shoes. He considered himself one of us.
注意
1. 续写词数应为150左右
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One night we were sleeping in the bedroom when I heard some strange noise
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At that time,Max ran towards me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
One night we were sleeping in the bed room when I heard some strange noise. I thought it was Max running and hitting something, so I kept lying in the bed and made an attempt to fall asleep again. However, the noise became louder and louder, which had already annoyed me. Swiftly I got up from my bed. I opened the door and found Max was running around the living room, trying to let all the things fall down. These abnormal behaviors really confused me while it also made me a little afraid.
At that time,Max ran towards me. He firmly grabbed my trousers and motioned me to the kitchen. As I approached the kitchen, I could obviously smell a strong burning scent and instantly knew what had happened. When I saw the fierce fire in the kitchen, I dashed into my children’s room like an arrow, waking them up at my maximum voice. Rushing out of the house together, I called 911 and asked our neighbors for help at the same time. Fortunately both my family and my house were saved. Thanks to our smart Max, we did escape from death.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者收养了一只狮子狗，取名为Max，这只狗给作者一家带来了欢乐，并最终救了他们一家人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一天晚上，我们正在卧室睡觉时，我听到一些奇怪的声音。”可知，本段可描写Max努力制造动静，吸引作者注意，作者听到声音去查看。
②由第二段首句内容“这时，马克斯向我跑过来。”可知，本段可描写Max把我拉到厨房，我发现厨房着火了，我及时在Max的提醒下，拯救我们一家人和房子，我对Max由衷的感谢。
2.续写线索：想养狗——收养Max——调教Max——Max成为家中的一员——听到Max制造的动静——去查看——Max让我发现火灾——救了一家人。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①试图：make an attempt/make an effort/take a crack at
②急奔：dash/rush
③接近：approach/move toward
④知道；know/be aware of/realize
情绪类
①生气：annoyed/irritated/infuriated
②害怕：afraid/frightened/scared
【点睛】[高分句型1] However, the noise became louder and louder, which had already annoyed me.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]As I approached the kitchen, I could obviously smell a strong burning scent and instantly knew what had happened.(As引导的时间状语从句)
