Unit 3 A day out知识点梳理 牛津译林版英语八年级上册

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名称 Unit 3 A day out知识点梳理 牛津译林版英语八年级上册
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Unit 3
短语、搭配:
1. be going to do 将要做……
2. come on 来吧;赶快
3. keep fit = keep healthy 保持身体健康
4. as high as… 与……一样高
5. enjoy oneself 玩的愉快
= have a good/great/wonderful time = have fun
邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.
7. 参加他们的学校旅游 join their school trip
8. 上/下长途汽车 get on/off a coach
9. 交通拥挤 a lot of traffic
10. 在路上 on the way
11. 很遥远 far away
12. 超过 more than
13. 到达 arrive at/in
14. 变得激动 become excited
15. 由钢制成 be made of metal
16. 和……一样 as…as…
17. 玩得开心 enjoy oneself
18. 整个世界 the whole world
19. 名胜古迹 a place of interest/places of interest
20. 令人惊奇的一天 an amazing day
21. 来自全世界 from all over the world
1. Yesterday Kitty’s teacher Mr Wu invited me to join their school trip to the World Park.
join是及物动词,意为“参加,加入”。后接某个组织或某个群体的名称时指“加入某个组织、参加到某人群中”,成为其中的一员。
e.g. I want to join the army next year.明年我想参军。
join还可以和介词in连用,表示“参加”,后面的宾语通常是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词。
e.g. Everyone joined in this game.
每个人都参加了这个游戏。
take part in和join均有“参加”之意。
take part in指参与某项活动;join指参加某个团体、组织或加入到某一群体中,从而成为其中一员。
e.g. Linda often takes part in some activities. 琳达经常参加一些活动。
2. I’m doing fine here.
fine adv. 够好,挺不错 常用于口语中
e.g. Things are going fine.
事事顺利。
3. We finally arrived at the park.
finally = at last /in the end 可以放在句首,也可以放在句末 。
arrive vi. 到达
arrive后接表示地点的名词时,要与介词in或at连用。
e.g. What time does the plane arrive in Paris 飞机几点到巴黎?
arrive后接表示地点的副词时,则不需要用介词。
e.g. She often arrives home at 7:30 in the evening.
她经常晚上七点半到家。
get, arrive和reach都可以表示“到达”
get是不及物动词,其后若跟地点名词,需要借助于介词to
e.g. Please write to me when you get to England.
你到了英国请给我写信。
arrive也是不及物动词,其后若跟地点名词,需要借助于介词in或at (arrive in后跟相对较大的地方,arrive at后跟相对较小的地方);
e.g. The train arrived at the station in the morning. 火车早上就到车站了。
reach是及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语。
e.g. When will you reach there
你什么时候能到那?
当get, arrive后面接here, there, home等表示地点的副词时,应省略介词。
e.g. We got / arrived here last night.
我们昨晚到的。
4. All of us couldn’t wait to get off the bus.
can’t wait 迫不及待,后面可接动词不定式或“介词+宾语”结构。
e.g. I can’t wait to go on holiday with my family. 我迫不及待地想要和家人去度假。
get off 下车
e.g. He’ll tell you to get off. 那他会让你下车的。
5. There are models of more than a hundred places of interest from all over the world.
place of interest 景点
interest 令人感兴趣的事(或人);兴趣
show / have interest in (doing) something 对(做)某事感兴趣
e.g. Daniel shows great interest in computer.丹尼尔对电脑很感兴趣。
interesting adj. 有趣的
interested adj. 感兴趣的
e.g. The trip to the World Park was very interesting.去世界公园的旅行很有趣。
I am very interested in learning about different cultures.
我对了解不同的文化很感兴趣。
类似单词:
exciting adj. 兴奋的
excited adj. 令人兴奋的
e.g. He told us an exciting story yesterday.
他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。
6. Linda and Kitty went to the World Park by themselves.
by oneself 独立地,独自
e.g. His father lives by himself in the village.
他的父亲独自一个人住在村里。
7. The match takes place on … in Moonlight Town.
短语take place 意思是“举行,发生”,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。如:
When and where will the wedding take place 婚礼将在何时何地举行?
8. Come and cheer for our team!
句中cheer意思是“加油,喝彩,欢呼”,可用作及物或不及物动词。如:
We all cheered as the team came on to the field.
球队入场时我们都为之欢呼。
9. It’s free for groups of 30 or more students.
句中的free意思是“免费的”,我们已学过free表示“空闲的”,free还可表示“自由的”。
语法
(1)“as…as”的用法
★as ... as 有“和……一样……”的意思,
表示被比较的双方在某方面相同,是同级比较的句型,其基本结构为as + adj. / adv.原级+ as。例如:
Sophia is as old as Lily.
She sings as well as Kate.
★not as / so ... as 意为“……不如……;和……不一样”,是as ... as 的否定形式,表示被比较的双方在某方面不同,前者不如后者。例如:
Jim is not as / so tall as his brother.
Millie can’t run as / so fast as Mary.
★有时,not as ... as 句型可以和含有than的比较级句型相互转换。例如:
Jim is not as tall as his brother.
=Jim’s brother is taller than Jim.
Peter can’t jump as high as Mike.
=Mike can jump higher than Peter.
2. Enjoy some pictures and compare them to show the sentence.
(2)代词的用法
人称代词
主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us you them
物主代词
形容词性 my your his her its our your their
名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代词
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
1. 反身代词可以放在这些动词后面:enjoy, help, hurt, teach, look after等。
e.g. Did you enjoy yourselves at the party
2. 反身代词可以放在介词后面。
e.g. I mended the bike by myself.
3. 反身代词不能作主语, 但是它可以作主语的同位语,放在主语后或句末。
e.g. I went to the cinema myself.
I myself went to the cinema.我亲自去了电影院。
(3)后缀-ful和-less
-ful和-less是两个形容词后缀,它们可以加在某些名词之后,使其构成形容词。
★名词后加-ful构成形容词后含有“充满……的”、 “有……性质的”之意。例如:
名词 形容词
help 帮助 helpful 有帮助的
beauty 美丽 beautiful 美丽的
care 小心 careful 小心的
★名词加-less 构成形容词后含有“无、缺”之意。例如:
名词 形容词
help 帮助 helpless 无助的
home 家 homeless 无家可归的
care 小心 careless 粗心的
【注意】不是所有的名词后加-ful或-less都可以构成形容词。
同步练习
一、单项选择
1. The wooden boy Pinocchio tried his best not to be ________ dishonest boy and didn’t tell ________ lie any more.
A. the; an B. a; a C. a; an D. an; a
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意:木孩子皮诺乔尽量不做一个不诚实的男孩,再也不说谎了。
考查冠词用法。第一空是表示泛指,dishonest是以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a;第二空是固定短语tell a lie“撒谎”,故选B。
2. People in the UK say “autumn” while people in the USA say “________”.
A. fall B. hall C. yard D. vacation
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意:英国人说“autumn”,而美国人说“fall”。
考查名词辨析。fall秋天;hall大厅;yard院子;vacation假期。autumn“秋天”,是英国说法,fall“秋天”,是美国说法。故选A。
3. —Simon, do you have any good plans ________ the weekend.
—I’d like to go fishing, but I will have tests ________ each subject.
A. for; on B. at; at C. for; at D. with; on
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意:——西蒙,周末你有什么好计划吗?——我想去钓鱼,但每个科目我都要考试。
考查介词辨析。for为了;on在……上;at在;with和……一起。have plans for“对……有计划”,故第一空填for,排除选项B和D;第二空on each subject意为“在每一科上”,排除选项C。故选A。
4. The ________ you eat, the ________ you’ll be.
A. more healthily; more healthier B. more healthy; more healthily
C. more healthily; healthier D. more healthy; healthier
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意:你吃得越健康,你就会更健康。
考查比较级。more healthily更健康地,副词比较级;healthier更健康的,形容词比较级。这句话使用了句型the +比较级,the+比较级,表示“越……,就越……”,两个空都要用比较级形式。根据句子结构可知,第一个空修饰动词eat,应用副词;第二个空在be后作表语,应用形容词。故选C。
5. _________ number of the students in our class ________ than that in your class.
A. A; is larger B. The; are more C. The; is larger D. A; are more
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意:我们班的学生人数比你们班的学生多。
考查冠词用法和主谓一致。the number of“……的数量”作主语,谓语动词用单数;a number of“……的数量”作主语,谓语动词用复数。由此排除AB;又根据“than”可知此处是指学生人数的比较,形容数量应用large,故选C。
6. —Can I____ Robinson Crusoe Mrs Zhao.
—Sure, it’s very interesting, but you can only ____it for two weeks.
A. borrow; lend B. lend; borrow
C. borrow; keep D. lend; keep
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意:——我可以借《鲁宾逊漂流记》吗?——当然,它很有趣,但是你只能借两个星期。
考查动词辨析。borrow借入,短暂性动词;lend借出,短暂性动词;keep保持,这里强调保管,延续性动词。Can I borrow Robinson Crusoe 强调借入,所以前句用borrow;后句句中for two weeks是一段持续的时间,第二个空需用延续性动词keep.故选C。
7. My car can carry ________ five people at once. There is not enough room for more.
A. at last B. at least C. at first D. at most
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意:我的车一次最多能载五个人。没有足够的空间容纳更多的人。
考查介词短语。at last终于;at least至少;at first起初;at most最多。根据“There is no enough room for more”可知,车最多载五人。故选D。
8. —Have you ever bought things on Taobao website
—Of course. Alibaba is not only larger than ________ e-business company in China but also larger than ________ one in the USA.
A. any other; any B. the other; any other
C. any other; the other D. the other; any
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意:——你在淘宝网站上买过东西吗?——当然。阿里巴巴不仅比中国任何一家电子商务公司都大,而且比美国任何一家都大。
考查代词的用法。any other表示“任何其他”,用于在同一个范围内比较,排除自身,后加单数名词;any表示单数意义时,意为“任何一个”;the other表示“两者中的另一个”。第一空是在中国内比较,是同一范围内,应用any other;第二空是把阿里巴巴和美国的电子商务公司比较,应用any。故选A。
9. —Don’t you think there are too many cars in our city
—I really think so. If there are _________ people driving, there will be ________ noise.
A. less; fewer B. less; less C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意:——你不觉得我们城市的汽车太多了吗?——我真的这么认为,如果开车的人少了,噪音就会少了。
考查形容词比较级。fewer是few的比较级,更少的,修饰可数名词;less是little的比较级,修饰不可数名词。第一个空后的people是可数名词,第二个空后的noise是不可数名词,故选D。
10. Which one of the following words will be like “really” after adding “-ly”
A. week B. usual C. friend D. love
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意:在加上“-ly”之后,下面哪个单词会像“really”?
考查构词法。week加1y为weekly“每周的”,是形容词;usual加1y为usually“通常”,是副词;friend加1y为friendly“友好的”,是形容词;love加1y为lovely“可爱的”,是形容词。really“真正”,是副词。选项只有usual加ly是副词,故选B。
11. What great fun it is _________ climbing and they have great fun ________ up the rocks in the new forest.
A. to go; to climb B. going; to climb C. go; climbing D. to go; climbing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意:去爬山是多么有趣啊,他们在新森林的岩石上爬得很开心。
考查非谓语动词。第一空是固定短语it’s fun to do sth“做某事很开心”,应用动词不定式;第二空是固定短语have fun doing sth“做某事很开心”,应用动名词形式。故选D。
12. Which of the following words can be put in the middle of vocabulary tree below
A. habit B. hobby C. personality D. appearance
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意:下列哪个词可以放在下面的词汇树的中间?
考查名词辨析。habit习惯;hobby兴趣爱好; personality个性,性格;appearance外观。词汇树中单词:interesting有趣的;clever聪明的;generous慷慨的。这些都是表示人的性格的,故选C。
13. Attention, please. No one will _________ cameras when entering the museum.
A. take in B. take back C. bring in D. bring back
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意:请注意。任何人进入博物馆时不得携带照相机。
考查动词短语。take in吸收;take back退回;bring in带进;bring back带回。根据“No one will...cameras when entering the museum.”可知,是任何人进入博物馆不能把照相机带进去。故选C。
14. —What is our school life like
—_________.
A. It’s far from my home B. It’s very colourful
C. I’d like to study here D. I like my school
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意:——我们学校生活怎么样?——学们的学校生活多姿多彩。
考查情景交际。It’s far from my home它距离我们家很远;It’s very colourful它是多姿多彩的;I’d like to study here我愿意在这儿学习;I like my school我喜欢我的学校。上句询问我们的学校生活怎么样,所以下句应该对我们的学校生活进行评价。故选B。
15. —Reading makes a full man.
—__________. Wherever I go, there is always a book with me.
A. I truly agree with you B. You are joking
C. It sounds like fun. D. I don’t think so
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意:——读书使人充实。——我完全同意你的看法。无论我走到哪里,我总是带着一本书。
考查情景交际。I truly agree with you我完全同意你的看法;You are joking你在开玩笑;It sounds like fun听起来很有趣;I don’t think so我不这么想。根据“Reading makes a full man.”以及“Wherever I go, there is always a book with me.”可知是同意对方的看法,故选A。
二、完形填空
Never give up! This is one lesson I learned when I was very young.
At the age of four, not knowing a single word of ____16____ , I started school. I felt ____17____ because I couldn’t talk to other kids. Maybe I was ___18___ because I never got used to talking with others. I only know Spanish, and English is just a mixture (混合)of ____19____. When the teacher spoke English, the ____20____ became faster and faster and then became a tornado(龙卷风)ripping through my mind. I was unable to ____21____. I got so confused(困惑的)and I didn’t know what to do. I sometimes felt like crying, but I kept telling myself never to ____22____.
I started to learn English hard. At the end of the year, I could understand, read, speak and write English. The next year I ____23____ my friend Jack. It was his first year of school and he didn’t ____24____ English like me in the beginning, so I started to ____25____ him this difficult language. At first it was very ____26____, but at last he got used to English and picked it up quickly. We ____27____ learning more and more every year, and now we are both very good English ____28____.
I also began to teach my younger sisters because I didn’t want them to feel isolated(孤立的)and shy as I did.
This year I am in the eighth grade and have got straight A’s in every class since kindergarten. My ____29____ I never give up. Now I am learning Japanese. It may be a little ____30____, but I will keep on learning it. No matter how hard something is, I keep trying until I do it right.
Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
16. A. Chinese B. English C. Japanese D. French
17. A. afraid B. funny C. relaxed D. lonely
18. A. friendly B. shy C. smart D. humorous
19. A. sound B. subject C. voice D. language
20. A. phrases B. stories C. words D. music
21. A. hear B. think C. understand D. believe
22. A. give up B. end up C. look up D. get up
23. A. found B. met C. watched D. looked
24. A. know B. like C. see D. hear
25. A. show B. give C. teach D. send
26. A. exciting B. boring C. surprising D. interesting
27. A. stopped B. allowed C. decided D. kept
28. A. speakers B. listeners C. writers D. talkers
29. A. skill B. knowledge C. secret D. idea
30. A. easy B. difficult C. strange D. interesting
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文,作者讲述了自己学习英语的经历。作者一开始对英文一无所知,后来通过努力和坚持,终于掌握了英语,感悟到“世上无难事,只要肯登攀”。
【16题详解】
句意:四岁时,我上学了,一个英文单词都不知道。
Chinese中文;English英文;Japanese日语;French法语。根据下文“When the teacher spoke English”以及相关的内容可知,老师用讲英语时,作者根本听不懂。所以这里要填English,故选B。
【17题详解】
句意:我感到很孤单因为我不能和其他孩子交谈。
afraid害怕的;funny 搞笑的;relaxed放松的;lonely孤单的。根据“because I couldn’t talk to other kids.”可知,作者不能和其他的小孩交谈。所以感到很孤单,故选D。
【18题详解】
句意:我可能是很害羞的因为我不知道如何和其他人交流。
friendly友好的;shy害羞的;smart精明的;silly愚蠢的。根据“ because I never got used to talking with others”可知从来不习惯和其他人交谈,所以是害羞的,故选B。
【19题详解】
句意:我仅仅知道西班牙语,而英语只是声音的混合体。
sound声音;subject物体;voice嗓音;language语言。根据“I only know Spanish, and English is just a mixture (混合)of”结合语境可知,作者认为英语只是声音混合体,故选A。
【20题详解】
句意:当老师说英语时,单词(语速)变得越来越快最终变得像龙卷风一样席卷了我的思维。
phrases短语;stories故事;words单词;music音乐。根据“When the teacher spoke English”可知,是指英语老师说英语单词时,故选C。
【21题详解】
句意:我不能理解。
hear听到;think认为;understand理解;believe相信。根据“I got so confused(困惑的)and I didn’t know what to do”可知作者不能理解老师的话。故选C。
【22题详解】
句意:我有时想哭,但是我一直告诉自己永不言弃。
give up放弃;end up结束;look up查阅;get up起床。根据下文“I started to learn English hard”可知,作者在努力学习英语,并没有放弃,故选A。
【23题详解】
句意:第二年我遇到了好友杰克。
found找到;met遇见;watched观看;looked看。根据“my friend Jack”可知是遇见了杰克,故选B。
【24题详解】
句意:这是他上学的第一年,他刚开始也不懂英语,所以我开始教他学这么很难的语言。
know知道,了解;like喜欢;see看到;hear听到。根据“It was his first year of school and he didn’t...English like me in the beginning”可知杰克刚开始也不懂英语,故选A。
【25题详解】
句意:这是他上学的第一年,他刚开始也不懂英语,所以我开始教他学这么很难的语言。
show展示;give给;teach教;send发送。根据下文“but at last he got used to English”可知,杰克懂得英语了,结合“so I started to...him this difficult language”可知作者在教杰克英语,故选C。
【26题详解】
句意:起初是很无聊的,但是最后他对英语感兴趣了并且能很快学会。
exciting令人兴奋的;boring无聊的;surprising令人惊奇的;interesting有趣的。根据“At first it was very...but at last he got used to English and picked it up quickly.”可知前后是转折关系,一开始比较无聊,但是最后感兴趣了,故选B。
【27题详解】
句意:我们坚持每年都学得越来越多,现在我们两个人都是很好的英语演讲者。
stopped停止;allowed允许;decided决定;kept坚持。根据“I also began to teach my younger sisters”可知,作者的英语很好。所以这里要填kept,表示“每年都在坚持学习”。故选D。
【28题详解】
句意:我们坚持每年都学得越来越多,现在我们两个人都是很好的英语演讲者。
speakers演讲者;listeners听众;writers作家;talkers谈话者。根据“learning more and more every year, and now we are both very good English”结合语境可知,作者和杰克都是很好的英语演讲者。故选A。
【29题详解】
句意:我的秘诀?
skill技巧;knowledge知识;secret秘诀;idea主意。根据“I never give up”可知永不言弃是作者的秘诀,故选C。
【30题详解】
句意:日语可能有一点难。
easy简单;difficult困难;strange奇怪;interesting有趣。根据“It may be a little..., but I will keep on learning it. No matter how hard something is...”可知,前后句是转折关系,所以这里要填difficult,表示“可能会有一点困难,但是我要坚持学习它”,故选B。