2024年人教版中考英语短文语法填空专练(一)
题号 一 二 总分
得分
一、短文语法填空:本大题共100小题,共100分。
81.阅读下面短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必要时课加情态动词或助动词)
One day while a man(44)______(walk) on a street corner,he saw a boy selling a number of small birds in a cage(笼子)
He looked at the birds flying about in the cage and trying to get out.He(45)______( stand) for some time looking at the birds.At last he said to the boy,"How much do you ask for your birds?""fifty cents a bird,sir"said the boy."I (46)______( not mean) how much a bird."said the man."But how much for all of them?I expected(47)______(buy) them all."
The boy began to count,and found they came to five dollars"There is your money,"said the man.The boy took it happily.Then the man opened the cage door as quickly as he could,and let all the birds fly away.
The boy,in great surprise,cried,"What did you do that for,sir?You(48)______( lose) all your birds."
"I (49)______( tell) you why I did it,"said the man."I (50)______(shut) up three years in a prison(监狱),and I decided never to see anything in prison which I can make free."
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82.语法填空
Early this morning we all went to the Future Hall to have our graduation ceremony.The headmaster made a wonderful speech,and many of us(56) ______ ( move) to tears.
Now the ceremony is over.We will leave school soon.I feel very excited because I am one of the best (57) ______ ( graduate).At the same time,I am a little sad because I have to say goodbye to my classmates and teachers.I want(58) ______ ( take) some photos with them and I will give some gifts to my teachers as well.In the past three years,I (59) ______ ( have) a great time in Red Star International School.I have learnt not only how to study,but also how to be a man.In(60) ______ future,I will work much(61) ______ ( hard).I hope I can be an astronaut when I (62) ______ ( grow) up.
Maria,Jane and Michael(63) ______ ( go) back to their hometowns tomorrow and I will see them off at the airport.We will keep in touch(64) ______ each other by sending emails,making telephone calls or writing letters.We will be good friends forever.I wish my classmates and teachers health,(65) ______ ( happy) and good luck.
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83.My best friend has two first names.One is Heather,and the others Na-ri.I (34) ______ .(never see) her use the name Na-ri.But today,for the first time,she is writing a letter with this name.
She (35) ______ (bear) in South Korea and adopted by American parents when she was two years old one day,she told me about her childhood When she went out to dinner,some South Korean strangers tried to talk to her in Korean She didn't understand what they (36). ______ ( say),so she just looked at them.She said that she still remembered how they looked at her.Their eyes seemed to say,"Poor girl You are an abandoned child."From that day,Heather tried to keep saying to herself that she was American.
Two days ago,she received a letter from South Korea.The letter (37). ______ (send) to Na-ri.She
was so surprised that she couldn't open the letter.So I did it for her.The letter was written in
Korean.I said,"Heather,you should ask someone (38) ______ (read) this for you.It was written in
Korean."But she was silent.
Yesterday,on the way home,I saw her (39). ______ ( cry) on a bench near my house."What is it,
honey?"I said.She told me that her birth mother had blood cancer,and the only cure for her
illness might be Heather's blood.I asked how she knew this.Heather said she had learned Korean
secretly.Crying hard,Heather only repeated,"What should I do?What should I do?"I really had
no answer.
This monung,Heather called me."(40). ______ you ______ (be) with me when I write a letter to
South Korea?"I gladly went over to her house Heather didn't seem to have slept at all.I hugged her and told her everything would be okay.Now I (41). ______ (sit) in front of Heather watching her write a letter.She hasn't told me what she is writing,but I can guess.Heather is writing,"Na-ri is coming,mother."
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84.In a small house outside London lives an old man.People often see him look (46) ______ his flowers in his garden all the time.
One day,a young painter (47) ______ ( go) by the old man's house.He looked at the nice garden and the special room,picturing how happy he would be if he lived in such a (48) ______ ( beauty) place.Suddenly he found the old gardener (49) ______ ( terrible) blind.Shocked,he walked to the old man and asked,"Why are you taking care of the flowers every day which you can't see in fact?"The old man smiled,"I can tell you four reasons.First,I was(50) ______ gardener when I was young and I really love this job.Second,although I can't see these flowers,I can touch them.Third,I can smell the sweetness of them.As to the last,it's you."
"Me?But you don't know me."answered the painter,still puzzled.
"Yeah,it's true that I don't know you.(51) ______ I know flowers are gifts which everyone loves.And the beauty of my garden will get many people into a good mood."answered the old man.
The words of the gardener warm me with (52) ______ ( please).He looked after the flowers (53) ______ ( make) others enjoy the warm sunshine in spring.He can't see the beautiful flowers he planted,just like Beethoven,who can't hear his wonderful music (54) ______ .
The old man is alone but not lonely.All of his flowers are his friends and neighbors.They (55) ______ ( grow) in his heart.I believe that he can hear the voice of them.
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85.There was once a wise old woman who lived in the hills.All the children nearby always went to
ask her all kinds of questions.Even the most difficult questions,the old woman was (56) ______
to answer them.It was easy for her(57) ______ (answer)the children's all strange questions.
There was a naughty (淘气) little boy among the children.One day he caught a tiny (58) ______ and held it in his cupped hands.Then he gathered his friends around.He said,"Let's trick the old woman.I(59) ______ ( ask) her what I'm holding in my hands.Of course,she'll answer that I have a bird.Then I will ask her if the bird is living or (60) ______ .If she says the bird is dead,I'll open my hands and let the bird fly away.If she says the bird is alive,I'll quickly crush it and show her the dead bird.Either way,she'll be (61) ______ "
All the children enjoyed (62) ______ (have) such a good idea.Up the hill they went to the old woman's hut(小屋)."Granny,you are (63) ______ clever that we all believe you,now we have a question for you,
they said with a smile."What's in my hands?"asked the little boy."Well,it must be a bird,"
(64) ______ ( reply)the old woman."But is it living or dead?"The old woman thought for a moment
and then answered,"it is as you will,my child.
All the children looked at each other in surprise.But the old woman smiled and added,"I (65) ______ (tell) you the right answer already."Then the old woman disappeared in the hills.
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86.Each year,billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans.Sometimes people throw away water(1) ______ ( bottle) or other plastic.They do not recycle their garbage.People may not know that wind(2) ______ rain can move garbage from land to sea.Plastic takes a very long time to break down.It can remain in the oceans(3) ______ hundreds of years.Plastic pieces are very(4) ______ ( danger) to sea animals.
One group,Washed Ashore,came up with a new idea(5) ______ ( tell) people about the problems in the oceans.First,they take the garbage from(6) ______ beach.Then,they clean and sort it. (7) ______ ( final),they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art.The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物).
Washed Ashore has(8) ______ ( create) more than seventy of these works of art.Some of(9) ______ ( they) are now traveling in a show all over the world.Each piece shows the effects of trash.
In one show,people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals.They think the plastic(10) ______ ( be) food,eat it,and get very sick or even die.
This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter.The plastic would not end up in the ocean.
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87.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
When Reshma Kosaraju was 12,her family(1) ______ (move) from Chicago to Northern California.Soon after,the Camp Fire started." It was one of(2) ______ ( big) fires in California history,"Reshma,now 17,told TIME for Kids. (3) ______ her school was about 320 kilometers south of the fire,students still had to wear masks(面罩) because(4) ______ the smoke." It is an unusual experience for me,because I have never(5) ______ ( real) experienced this problem." she said.So she hoped (6) ______ (deal) with the problem.Later she created a(7) ______ ( use) way to predict forest fires with artificial intelligence(人工智能).Her method is nearly 90% right."(8) ______ realized that if I could succeed,the results could make(9) ______ big difference.For example,the environment can be helped and many(10) ______ (life) can be saved," Reshma said.
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88.I organized a picnic last Sunday,I got up(76)e ______ and called some of my closest friends.First,we decided on a good (77)p ______ to go,and then we talked about what food to bring.Everyone cooked the dishes that could be carried(78) ______ (easy).Everything was put into a backpack and we (79) ______ (take) it across fields.When we finally got there,we sat down eating,and enjoyed a nice day together.And I was quite sure that food tasted much (80) ______ (good) on a picnic than anywhere else!
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89.Long long ago,there was a small village in the Middle East.In the village there was (61)______ old man called Sthira.He lived by himself.His only son had gone far away to study.Sthira's friends (62)______(wonder)whether his son would return,(63)______ Sthira always said,"Whatever happens,happens for good."
One day the old man's son returned and the villages were very happy for Sthira.He thaked the villages and said (64)______( polite),"Whatever happens,happens for good."However,later,Sthira's son broke his (65)______.Once again the villages came to visit him and once again the old man thanked (66)______( they) and said,"Whatever happens,happens for good."Some of the villages were surprised (67)______(hear) this.Why?What was good?His son's leg got badly hurt!
After a few days,the army came to the village and forced all the young men to (68)______ the army.When they found his son had a (69)______( break) leg,they left him behind.Once again,all the villagers came to congratulate him on his (70)______ luck,like always,the old man was still thankful to them and said,"Whatever happens,happens for good."
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90. Friends are important to everyone, (1) , some people may have trouble (2) (keep) their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship (3) (deep) and stronger.
★Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity(身份)is always changing, some of your personalities will stay pretty much (4) same. Find out (5) those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself (6) (honest) to the people around you.
★Avoid gossip(八卦). Friends shouldn t spread rumors(谣言)about other friends. If you ve heard something bad about your friends, (7) (find) a proper way of asking them about it by (8) (you). If you re not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice.
★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that you re not close to doubts one of your (9) (friend). It s important to find out both sides of the story, but it s also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him.
★ Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when you re in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem (10) you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good you.
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81.【答案】
【小题1】was walking 【小题2】stood 【小题3】don't mean 【小题4】to buy 【小题5】had lost
【小题6】would tell 【小题7】was shut
【解析】答案:44.was walking 考查时态.根据下文he saw a boy selling a number of small birds in a cage(笼子)看见有个男孩在卖笼子里的小鸟.可知句子是while引导的时间状语从句,句子用过去进行时,结构为was/were+现在分词,主语是man,故答案为was walking.
45.stood 考查时态.根据上文He looked at the birds flying about in the cage and trying to get out.他看着那些在笼子里飞来飞去的鸟儿,想要出去.可知句子是一般过去时,stand的过去式是stood.故答案为stood.
46.don't mean 考查时态.根据上文"How much do you ask for your birds?""fifty cents a bird,sir"said the boy."你的鸟多少钱?"50美分一只鸟,先生,"男孩说.和下文But how much for all of them?可知男人说:"我不是说多少钱一只,我是说一共多少钱,句子是一般现在时,表示否定要加助动词do+not,故答案为don't mean.
47.to buy 考查固定用法.根据上文I don't mean how much a bird."said the man."But how much for all of them?男人说:"我不是说多少钱一只,我是说一共多少钱,可知expected to do sth期望去做某事,即我要买下所有的."故答案为to buy.
48.had lost 考查过去完成时.根据上文The boy,in great surprise,cried,"What did you do that for,sir?男孩很惊讶的喊:"你在做什么?可知你丢了所有的鸟.根据What did you do that for,sir?可知句子是过去完成时,结构为had+done.故答案为had lost.
49.would tell 考查过去将来时.根据上文The boy,in great surprise,cried,"What did you do that for,sir?You have lost all your birds."男孩很惊讶的喊:"你在做什么?你丢了所有的鸟.可知我会告诉你为什么我这样做.根据题干后半句why I did it为什么我这样做.可知句子是过去将来时,构成:would+动词原形.故答案为would tell.
50.was shut考查被动语态.根据上下文."I…(shut) up three years in a prison(监狱),and I decided never to see anything in prison which I can make free."可知我作为法国战俘关在监狱三年,我下定决心不让任何我能让其自由的东西关起来."男人说.句子是一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was\were+过去分词",主语是I.故答案为was shut.
短文讲了一天一个男人在街角看见有个男孩在卖笼子里的小鸟.男人决定去买小鸟,然后把鸟都放掉了,男孩很惊讶,男人说出了他放鸟的原因.
做此类题首先要通读全文,了解大意;然后根据词意,词与词的搭配及语义需要去做出正确的答案;最后在通读全文,认真校对.
82.【答案】
【小题1】were moved 【小题2】graduates 【小题3】to take 【小题4】have had 【小题5】the
【小题6】harder 【小题7】grow 【小题8】will go 【小题9】with 【小题10】happiness
【解析】文章讲述了我听完校长在学生毕业典礼上的精彩演讲之后,内心的一些感触.面对离别,既激动,又伤感;既总结了过去,也展望了未来.
灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性、时态、名词单复数、代词、冠词、等判断空白处应该填写的内容.
1. were moved.考查被动语态.根据The headmaster made a wonderful speech,and many of us…校长做了一个精彩的演讲,许多人都被感动得流下了眼泪.可知句子的主语many of us与move是被动关系,所以应该用被动语态,时态为一般过去时,故填were moved.
2. graduates.考查名词.根据语境,"我感到很兴奋,因为我是最优秀毕业生之一"可知短语one of+形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式,graduate毕业生,故填graduates.
3. to take.考查动词不定式.根据句意"我想和他们拍一些照片",短语want to do sth想要做某事.故填to take.
4. have had.考查完成时态.根据句意"在过去的三年里,我在红星国际学校过的狠开心",时间状语In the past three years在过去的三年里,可知,这应该用于现在完成时.故填have had.
5. the.考查定冠词.根据I will work much _______( hard).可知,句子用的是一般将来时,所以时间状语用表示将来的时间,句意"以后,我会更加努力学习"in the future,是固定短语,故填the.
6. harder.考查形容词比较级.根据题干中的单词much,可知much+比较级.句意:以后,我会更加努力学习.故填:harder.
7. grow.考查动词.根据题干中的连词when,可知此处When引导时间状语从句,不能用将来时,用一般现在时来代替.句意:我希望当我长大的时候,我将当一名宇航员.故填:grow.
8. are going/will go.考查时态.句意:Maria,Jane 和 Michael明天将回他们的家乡.根据tomorrow 句子应该用一般将来时.故填:are going/will go.
9. with.考查介词.根据题干可知,考查短语keep in touch with sb与某人保持联系,这是固定用法,句意:我们将通过邮件保持联系.故填:with.
10. happiness.考查名词.根据题干中and,可知and连接的是并列的成分,根据health,_____ and good luck都是名词,所以空格处也用名词.句意:我祝愿我的同学、老师都健康、幸福、好运.故填:happiness.
83.【答案】
【小题1】have never seen 【小题2】was born 【小题3】were saying 【小题4】was sent 【小题5】to read
【小题6】crying 【小题7】Will 【小题8】be 【小题9】am sitting
【解析】答案:34.have never seen 考查时态.根据下文But today,for the first time,she is writing a letter with this name.但是今天,第一次,她用这个名字写一封信.可知推知题干意思为我从没见过她用Na-ri这个名字.句子为现在完成时,构成:have/has doe.主语是I.所以用have.故答案为have never seen
35.was born 考查被动语态.根据题干后半句…in South Korea and adopted by American parents when she was two years old one day…在韩国,在她两岁时候的一天被美国父母收养了.可知句子应该为一般过去时被动语态,结构:was/were done.她出生在韩国.She was born in South Korea.故答案为was born.
36.were saying 考查时态.根据上文When she went out to dinner,some South Korean strangers tried to talk to her in Korean.当她出去吃饭的时候,一些韩国陌生人试图用韩语和她交谈.可推知题干意思为她不明白他们正在说什么,所以她只是看着他们.句子为过去进行时,结构:"was (were)+现在分词".主语是they,所以用were.故答案为were saying.
37.was sent 考查被动语态.根据上文Two days ago,she received a letter from South Korea.两天前,她收到了一封来自韩国的信.可推知题干意思为这封信被送到Na-ri那.句子为一般过去时的被动语态,结构:was/were done.被送到.故答案为was sent.
38.to read考查固定搭配.根据上文The letter was written in Korean.这封信是用韩语写的.可推知题干意思为你应该请教别人帮你读这封信.ask sb to do sth让某人去做某事,是固定搭配.故答案为to read.
39.crying 考查固定搭配.根据上文Yesterday,on the way home昨天,在回家的路上.可推知题干意思为我看见她正在我家附近的长椅上哭.see sb doing sth看到某人正做某事,是固定搭配.故答案为crying.
40.Will …be 考查时态.根据上文This morning,Heather called me今天早上,Heather给我打电话.和题干后半句when I write a letter to South Korea当我给韩国写信的时候.可推知题干意思为当我给韩国写信的时候你会陪着我吗?句子为一般将来时,构成:will be.故答案为Will …be.
41.am sitting考查时态.根据题干前半句Now现在.可知句子为现在进行时,构成:be+doing.主语是I.所以用am.句意为现在我正坐在Heather前面看她写信.故答案为am sitting.
这篇文章主要介绍了我的好朋友有两个名字,一个是Heather,另一个是Na-ri.她出生在韩国,在她两岁时候的一天被美国父母收养了.当她出去吃饭的时候,一些韩国陌生人试图用韩语和她交谈.她不明白他们正在说什么,所以她只是看着他们.她说,她仍记得他们是如何看着她.他们的眼睛似乎在说,"可怜的女孩你是一个被遗弃的孩子."从那一天,Heather试图对自己说,她是美国人.她自己偷偷学习了韩语.两天前,她收到了一封来自韩国的信.这封信是用韩语写的.信上说她的生母患有血癌.唯一的治疗方法可能是Heather的血液.她哭了不知道该怎么办.给作者打电话让作者陪着她写回信.
做语法填空题时,先阅读文章,了解大意是关键,然后根据大意填合适的单词,仔细分析时态,注意单词的正确形式
84.【答案】【小题1】after
【小题2】went
【小题3】beautiful
【小题4】terribly
【小题5】a
【小题6】But
【小题7】pleasure
【小题8】to make
【小题9】either
【小题10】are grown
【解析】本文是说一个眼神不好的老人,花养的特别好,一个年轻画家很奇怪,因为在他眼里花是他的朋友和邻居,能听见他们的声音.
跳过空格,不看选项,快速地阅读全文,从整体上感知全文,掌握大意.切忌看一空填一空.
注意:重视首尾句;记叙文抓故事性文章的时间、地点、人物、事物.
1. after,考查动词与介词的固定搭配.结合look用look after意为"照顾;照看".故答案是after.
2. went.考查时态.结合one day文章的时态为一般过去时,故用go的一般过去式went.故答案是went.
3. beautiful.考查词性转换.此处缺形容词作定语,修饰place.用beautiful,故答案是beautiful.
4. terribly.考查词性转换.此处修饰形容词blind,用副词terribly表示程度.故答案是terribly.
5. a.考查冠词的用法.放在be动词后,单数可数名词前,用不定冠词,表示身份.gardener是以辅音音素开头的,故用a,故答案是a.
6. But.考查连词的用法.it's true that I don't know you和I know flowers are gifts which everyone loves前后句意思为转折关系,用but.注意首字母要大写.故答案是But.
7. pleasure.考查词性转换.介词后面用名词形式.用pleasure.故答案是pleasure.
8. to make.考查非谓语动词.动词短语在句中作目的状语,用不定式形式.故答案是to make.
9. either.考查副词的用法.此处把盲人园丁与贝多芬做比较.老人无法看见花朵,贝多芬也听不见美妙的音乐.在否定句中,表示"也",用于句末,用either.故答案是either.
10. are grown.考查被动语态.主语they (the flowers)与动词grow之间是被动关系,用被动语态.表达的是客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态be+过去分词,主语they,故are,grow的过去分词grown,故答案是are grown.
85.【答案】
【小题1】able 【小题2】to answer 【小题3】bird 【小题4】will ask 【小题5】dead
【小题6】wrong 【小题7】having 【小题8】so 【小题9】replied 【小题10】have told
【解析】【文章大意】本文讲的是一位智者和一群小孩的故事.小孩为了考验智者,出了一个难题,让智者回答,没想到的是,这个问题难题并没有难倒她.
首先要通读短文,掌握大意,特别要注意上下文之间的联系,根据上下文之间的联系,然后结合所给单词,选择恰当的语句单词来填空,就可以确定正确答案.
1. able.考查be able to 句型.句意为:甚至连最困难的问题,这位老妇人都能回答.分析句子成分可知,空格处为表语,故填形容词.根据句意和句中的"be…to",确定填able,它是形容词,意思是"有能力的".be able to能够做某事.故填able.
2. to answer.考查不定式.句意为:对她来说,回答孩子们各种奇怪的问题很容易.分析句子成分可知,it为形式主语,空格处的不定式作为真正主语,故用不定式.根据所给单词,确定填to answer.for her to answer是不定式复合结构.故填answer
3. bird.考查名词.句意为:有一天,他捉住了一只小鸟,用双手捂着它.分析句子成分可知,空格处为宾语,且被不定冠词所修饰,故填名词单数.根据句意和下文"Of course,she'll answer that I have a bird",确定填bird,它是名词,意思是"鸟".a tiny bird一只小鸟.故填bird.
4. will ask.考查一般将来时.句意为:我要问她,我手里捂着什么东西.分析句子成分可知,空格处为主句的谓语,故填动词.根据句意和句中的"what I'm holding in my hands",确定用一般将来时,表示将来发生的事情(或一种打算),即"助动词will+动词原形"结构.故填will ask.
5. dead.考查形容词.句意为:然后我要问她,这只鸟是活的,还是死的.分析句子成分可知,空格处为和前面的living是并列成分,都是表语,故填形容词.根据句意和句中的"living or",确定填living的反义词dead,它是形容词,意思是"死的".living of dead活的还是死的.故填dead.
6. wrong.考查形容词.句意为:不管她怎样回答,都是错的.分析句子成分可知,空格处为表语,故填形容词.根据句意,确定填wrong,它是形容词,意思是"错误的".故填wrong.
7. having.考查enjoy doing sth句型.句意为:所有孩子喜欢这个主意.分析句子成分可知,谓语动词enjoy后面跟动词,要用动名词形式,即enjoy doing sth,表示"喜欢做某事".根据句意和所给动词,确定填having.它是动词have的动名词形式.enjoying having such a good idea很高兴想出来了这么一个好主意.故填having.
8. so.考查so…that句型.句意为:老奶奶,你很聪明,因此我们都相信你.分析句子成分可知并根据句中的"that",本句是so…that句型,意思是"非常…以至于".so是副词,意思是"如此;非常".故填so.
9. replied.考查一般过去时.句意为:那一定是只鸟.分析句子成分可知,空格处为谓语,故填动词reply(回答)的某种形式.动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时.reply的过去式是replied,故填replied.
10. have told.考查现在完成时.句意为:我已经告诉你正确答案了.分析句子成分可知,空格处为谓语,故填动词tell(告诉)的某种形式.根据句意和句中的"already",确定用现在完成时,即"助动词have+过去分词"形式.主语是第一人称,助动词用have; tell的过去分词是told.故填have told.
86.【答案】【小题1】bottles
【小题2】and
【小题3】for
【小题4】dangerous
【小题5】to tell
【小题6】a
【小题7】Finally
【小题8】created
【小题9】them
【小题10】is
【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:有时人们会扔掉水瓶或其他塑料制品。此处表示复数含义,使用名词复数形式,故填bottles。
(2)考查连词。句意:人们可能不知道,风和雨可以把垃圾从陆地带到海洋。wind和rain构成并列关系,用and连接,故填and。
(3)考查介词。句意:它可以在海洋中存留数百年。"hundreds of years"是时间段,此处表示持续多长时间,故填for。
(4)考查形容词。句意:塑料碎片对海洋动物非常危险。此处在句中作表语,用形容词形式,故填dangerous。
(5)考查不定式。句意:一个名为"冲上岸"的组织提出了一个新想法,向人们讲述海洋中的问题。此处在句中表示目的,用动词不定式形式,故填to tell。
(6)考查冠词。句意:首先,他们从海滩上捡垃圾。此处泛指一个海滩,beach首字母发辅音音素,故填a。
(7)考查副词。句意:最后,他们用塑料片制作出巨大的艺术品。此处在句中修饰整个句子,用副词finally,句首需大写首字母。故填Finally。
(8)考查动词。句意:"冲上岸"已经创作了70多件这样的艺术作品。时态是现在完成时,动词用过去分词形式,故填created。
(9)考查代词。句意:他们中的一些人现在正在世界各地进行展览。介词后用宾格作宾语,故填them。
(10)考查be动词。句意:他们认为塑料是食物,吃了它,就会生病甚至死亡。本句时态是一般现在时,主语是不可数名词,故填is。
这篇短文主要讲述了每年有数十亿磅垃圾最终进入海洋的问题,呼吁人们少用塑料,不乱扔垃圾。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项,在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
87.【答案】【小题1】moved
【小题2】the biggest
【小题3】Though
【小题4】of
【小题5】really
【小题6】to deal
【小题7】useful
【小题8】I
【小题9】a
【小题10】lives
【解析】(1)考查动词过去式。句意:Reshma Kosaraju 12岁时,她的家人从芝加哥搬到了北加利福尼亚州。由上文 When Reshma Kosaraju was 12(Reshma Kosaraju 12岁时)以及语境可知,句子时态是一般过去时,此处应填动词过去式moved,故填:moved。
( 2)考查形容词最高级。句意:这是加州历史上最大的火灾之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数,表示"最……之一";结合语境可知,此处应填形容词最高级the biggest,故填:the biggest。
( 3)考查连词。句意:尽管学校位于火灾以南约320公里处,但由于烟雾弥漫,学生们仍然必须戴口罩。结合前后语境可知,此处应用连词引导让步状语从句,作为句首首字母要大写,应填Though(尽管),故填:Though。
(4)考查介词。句意:但由于烟雾弥漫,学生们仍然必须戴口罩。because of 由于;结合语境可知,此处应填介词of,故填:of。
(5)考查副词。句意:因为我从未真正经历过这个问题。此处修饰动词experienced应用副词形式really(真正地),故填:really。
(6)考查动词不定式。句意:因此她希望能解决这个问题。hope to do sth.希望做某事;结合语境可知,此处应填动词不定式to deal,故填:to deal。
(7)考查形容词。句意:后来她创造了一种用人工智能预测森林火灾的有用方法。结合空后名词way,此处应填形容词形式useful(有用的)修饰空后名词way,故填:useful。
( 8)考查代词。句意:我意识到,如果我能成功,结果会产生很大的影响。结合语境及空后Reshma said(Reshma说)可知,此处缺主语应填代词I,故填:I。
(9)考查不定冠词。句意:我意识到,如果我能成功,结果会产生很大的影响。make a big difference产生很大影响、意义重大;结合空后辅音音素开头单词big及空后单数名词difference,此处应填a,故填:a。
(10)考查名词复数。句意:环境可以得到改善,许多人的生命可以得到挽救。结合语境及空前形容词many,此处应填名词复数形式lives(生命),故填:lives。
本文主要讲述了Reshma Kosaraju告诉《儿童时代》杂志发生加州历史上最大的火灾之一的事情。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项,在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
88.【答案】【小题1】early
【小题2】place
【小题3】easily
【小题4】took
【小题5】better
【解析】本文讲了作者和朋友们的一次野餐的经历.作者上个星期组织了一次野餐.首先,我们决定好去哪里野餐,然后讨论我们要带什么食物.每个人都准备了容易带的东西.我们尽情享受了这次野餐,我觉得这些食物比其他任何地方的都好吃.
语法填空需结合上下文语意以及空格中的内容提示,再结合语法知识,正确填写.
1. early 考查副词辨析.句意为“我起来起得…”,根据首字母提示,可知是“早”(early,以e开头;late,晚,以l开头,故排除late),副词修饰动词短语get up,因此为early.
2. place 考查名词辨析.首先是决定去哪个好的地方野餐.结合首字母p及短语go to a place,可知答案为place.
3. easily 考查副词辨析.根据前面的动词carry以及句意表达“容易携带的东西”,副词修饰动词,因此easy需要变成easily.
4. took 考查时态辨析.整个文段都是对过去一个时间所发生的事情的一般描述,因此整个语段为一般过去时,因此take需要用过去式,为took.
5. better 考查形容词的辨析.此处关键词有than,表示比较,than anywhere else,意为比其他任何一个地方,是两者之间的比较,需用比较级,结合动词taste为系动词,后加形容词修饰,good的比较级为better,因此答案为better.
89.【答案】【小题1】an
【小题2】wondered
【小题3】but
【小题4】politely
【小题5】leg
【小题6】them
【小题7】to hear
【小题8】join
【小题9】broken
【小题10】good
【解析】这是一篇记叙文,文章大意是:很久以前,中东的一个小村庄里一位老人Sthira独自居住,他唯一的儿子离家去学习了,他的朋友想知道他的儿子是否会回来,但是Sthira 总是说"无论发生了什么.都是好事."一天他的儿子回来了,村民为Sthira感到高兴,他十分感谢并高兴的说"无论发生什么,都是好事"然而,不久他的儿子的腿受伤了.每次村民去看望他,老人都感谢的说"无论发生什么,都是好事"一些村民感到奇怪,为什么?什么是好?他的儿子的腿都重伤了!
几天后,军队来人强迫年轻人去参军,他们发现他的儿子的腿受伤了,就把他落下了,所有的村民都来祝贺他的好运,就像平常一样,老人感谢的说"无论发生什么,都是好事".故事告诉我们人生之路布满了鲜花与荆棘.但是,无论前方的路多么坎坷,我们都应该像故事里的老人那样,保持乐观的心态,看到事情好的一面.
完形填空题需要完整理解全文,再根据前后文,以及所学的语法知识,得出答案,注意整片文章的时态和人称,最后再检查一遍.
1. 答案:an.there be表示有,be动词的单复数遵循就近原则,这里是was单数,故后面是单数名词,old是以元音音素[ u]开头,故用不定冠词an,故答案是an.
2. 答案:wondered.这里是Long long ago很久很久以前的故事,用一般过去时,wonder是动词想知道,过去式是wondered,故答案是wondered.
3. 答案:but.前文的含义是他的朋友想知道他的儿子是否会回来,后面老人不是正面回答,而是说"无论发生了什么.都是好事."故用but表示转折,故答案是but.
4. 答案:politely.空格处是用来修饰动词said,用副词,所给单词polite是形容词礼貌的,副词是politely,故答案是politely.
5. 答案:leg.根据后面的His son's leg got badly hurt他儿子的腿严重受伤了,his是形容词性物主代词,后加名词,故答案是leg.
6. 答案:them.根据前文是the villages村民们去看他,是复数,作为thank感谢的宾语,用宾格,they的宾格是them,故答案是them.
7. 答案:to hear.根据be surprised to do sth 做某事很惊奇,所给单词是动词hear听,故答案是to hear.
8. 答案:join.结合前文the army came to the village and forced all the young men to 是军队来人强迫年轻人参军,参加军队用动词join表示参加,故答案是join.
9. 答案:broken.leg是名词,前面用形容词来修饰,再结合前后句意是说发现了Sthira的儿子的一只受伤了的腿,受伤过了的,用过去分词充当形容词,break受伤,过去分词是broken,故答案是broken.
10. 答案:good.根据上文是说他儿子因为受伤所以不用参军,村民来祝贺他,故这里应该是好运气,luck是名词运气,前面用形容词good好的来修饰.,故答案是good.
90.【答案】【小题1】 however
【小题2】 keeping
【小题3】 keeper
【小题4】 the
【小题5】what
【小题6】 honestly
【小题7】 find
【小题8】 yourself
【小题9】 friend
【小题10】 with
【解析】1. 文章第一句话说"对每个人来说,朋友很重要",第二句话的意思是"有些人在保持友谊上有困难".因此看出第二句和第一句是转折关系,所以所填单词的意思是"但是"或"然而",根据后边的逗号确定应该是however,而不是but。故填however。
2. 根据横线前边的have trouble,可以确定这里的动词应该用 ing形式.have trouble (in) doing sth.。意思是"做某事有麻烦或有困难",因此本句话的意思是"有些人在保持友谊方面可能有困难"。故答案为keeping。
3. "make+宾语+形容词"让......结构。根据后边的并列形容词stronger确定,keep这个词也应该用比较级的形式。make your friendship deeper and stronger意思就是"使友谊更深厚更牢固"。故答案为keeper。
4. 横线后面是形容词same,而 same这个形容词在用的时候总要连用定冠词the。这句话的意思是"你的一些品质是保持相同的",也就是一直不变的意思,故答案为the。
5. 根据上句话的意思看,本句的意思是"弄清楚那些是什么"。those things是指前面提到过的some of your personality ,"你的一些品质"。所以应该填写疑问词what。故答案为 what。
6. 根据句子结构可以看出本句话的意思是"诚实地把自己展示给你周围的人"。所以这个"诚实"是来修饰动词show的,因此要变成副词honestly。故答案为honestly。
7. 根据前后两句的关系看,前面的句子是条件状语从句,后边的句子是主句。根据内容可以确定主句是祈使句,因此要用动词原形开头。故答案为find。
8. 根据横线前面的介词by,可以看出这是by oneself短语,意思是"独自地",所以把you变成yourself。这句话的意思是"找一个适当的方式自己去问问他们"。故答案为yourself。
9. one of是"……之一"的意思,所以它后边的名词应该是复数形式。somebody that you re not close to doubts one of your friends这句话说的是"你关系不太近的某个人怀疑你的一位朋友"。故答案为friends。
10. 这句话的谓语动词是share,因此可以看出后边和它搭配的介词应该是with。 share…with…意思是"把…和…分享"。when your friend shares a problem with you就是"当你的朋友和你分享问题的时候"的意思。故答案为with。