中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world？
(
知识目录
)单元小结
学习目标： 1. 掌握大数字的表达与读法；
2. 进一步掌握形容词和副词的比较级与最高级，听懂事物之间的比较并进行谈
论，说出基本的世界之最，口头表达“……之最”的句子；
3. 能读懂介绍地理或自然环境的文章，写好“保护野生动物”的相关文章。
语法目标：大数字的表达与读法，掌握形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的用法。
听说目标： 能够听懂有关地理与自然的对话进而做出相应回答，能够谈论地理与自然的相关话题；
写作目标：写好“保护野生动物”的相关文章。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 population的用法 练习
要点2 weigh的用法 练习
要点3 include的用法 练习
要点4 success /succeed/successful的用法 练习
要点5 as…as的用法 练习
要点6 “one of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”用法 练习
要点7 achieve的用法 练习
要点8 even thought的用法 练习
要点9 protecte的用法 练习
要点10 The +比较级……， the +比较级的用法 练习
要点11 “比较级+than+ any other+ 单数可数名词”的用法 练习
要点12 illness的用法 练习
要点13 endangered的用法 练习
要点14 awake的用法 练习
要点15 amazing的用法 练习
要点16重点短语 练习
要点17重点句式 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 形容词，副词的级别 17
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 20
要点2 词汇短语积累 21
要点3句式积累 22
要点4实战演练 23
(
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
)
【精讲精练】
要点 1. population
population n.人口
对人口数量提问用what或how large 而不能使用how many/much
What’s the population of this city 这座城市的人口是多少？
(1)population常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
(2) 当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
(3)The population of+ 某地+ be+ 数词= 某地+has a population of+ 数词
(4) 表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用“much”或“little”，而要用“large”或“small”。
【典例分析】
1._____ the population of China
A．How many is B．How much is C．How many are D．What’s
【答案】D
【解析】句意：中国的人口是多少？
How many 多少，提问数量，修饰可数名词；How much也可以提问数量，修饰不可数名词；What’s是什么。根据句意可知，这里提问人口的数量，不是How many或者How much提问，而是用What或者How large来提问，故应选D。
2. The population of China is __________than that of Japan.
A. more B. fewer C. bigger D. less
【答案】C 形容人口（population）的多少用big/ large 或 small.
要点2 weigh
(1) weigh表示“称……的重量”，是及物动词；表示“重(多少)”，是不及物动词。例如：
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
Do you often weigh yourself 你经常称体重吗
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重五磅。
【拓展】
（1）weight是名词，意为“重量，体重”。例如：
What’s your weight 你体重是多少？
（2）比较：by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”，in weight表示“重量上”。例如：
Do they charge carriage by weight 他们是按重量收取运费吗
It’s smaller in size but greater in weight. 它体积比较小，但分量比较重。
(3)常用于以下表达中：
①What’s the weight of... 意为“……的重量是多少？”
－What’s the weight of the elephant 大象多重？
－I’ve no idea.我不知道。
②put on/lose weight 意为“长胖/减肥”
You can do more exercise to lose weight.你可以多锻炼来减肥。
【典例分析】
1.用weight 和weigh填空
1）Please____________ the apples.
2）How much does the elephant __________
【答案】weigh weight
2. How heavy are you (同义改写)
=What’s ________ ___________
=_________ _________ do you __________
【答案】your weight How much weigh
3.—How much does a young panda ________
—Its ________ can be 35 kilograms.
A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh
【答案】A
【解析】第一空前面有助动词does, 后接动词原形weigh, 第二空前面是形容词性物主代词Its, 后接名词weight。故选A。
要点 3 include
include作动词，意为“包括；包含”。例如：
The price for the hotel includes breakfast. 旅店的费用包括早餐在内。
The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里有一本字典。
【拓展】
including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用，和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括……在内”。例如：
There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.
有很多种月饼，包括水果的，咖啡的和火腿月饼。
There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.
班里有40名学生，包括我在内。
【典例分析】
1.我有很多工作要做，包括做饭和打扫房间。
I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.
【点拨】including cooking。including是介词引导的介词短语在句中作状语，起补充说明的作用，前面可用逗号隔开。
2.我的工作包括做饭、打扫房间等。
My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.
【点拨】includes。include是及物动词，在句中作谓语
3. I have to make breakfast for five people，____me.
A. include B. including C. included D. to include
【点拨】B 此题用语法判定法。分析句子成分可知，空格前是一个完整的句子，排除A与C两项。including介词，意为“包括”，与后面的代词me构成介词短语。
要点4 success /succeed/successful
success的用法
（1）作为不可数名词，意为“成功；成就”。在表示“成功的人或事”时，它是可数名词。
Success is the mother of failure.失败是成功之母。
The party was a great success.这次聚会获得了巨大的成功。
其动词succeed,意为“成功”，常用于succeed in doing sth.,意为“成功做某事”。
The young man succeeded in passing the driving test.
年青人成功地通过了驾照考试。
（3）其形容词successful，意为“成功的”，其反义词为unsuccessful,意为“不成功的”。它们的副词分别为successfully, unsuccessfully。
The old man is a very successful writer. 老人是一个非常成功的作家。
【典例分析】
1.他终于把那个问题解决了。
At last he _________ _________solving the problem.
【点拨】succeeded in
2. David has became a ______ writer. He wrote a book ___________.
A．successful successful B．success successful
C．succeed successful D．successful successfully
【点拨】D 名词前面用形容词修饰，副词修饰动词。故选D。
3.The ______ man ______ in finishing the work on time.
A. successfully; successful B. succeeded; successful
C. success; successful D. successful; succeeded
【点拨】用语法分析法。句意为“这位成功人士按时完成了工作”。根据语境可知, man是名词, 前面要用形容词修饰, 所以第一空是形容词; 第二空应是动词, succeed in doing sth. 表示成功做某事。故选D
4. Please remember, “Failure is the mother of ________.” And I’m sure you will be ________ in teaching.
A. success; succeeded B. succeed; successful
C. success; a success D. a success; a success
【点拨】考查success的用法。句意为“请记住‘失败是成功之母’。我肯定你会成为教学上的成功者”。success作“成功”之意讲时是不可数名词; 作可数名词表示“成功的人(或事)”; success的形容词“successful”意为“成功的”。故选C。
5.Frederick ____ entered the final competition last month. His hobby has brought him ____.
A. successful; success B. successful; successfully
C. successfully; success D. successfully; successful
【点拨】C。句意：弗雷德里克上个月成功地进入了决赛。他的爱好给他带来了成功。副词修饰动词。
要点5 as. . . as
as. . . as和某物/某人一样……
I haven’t read anything as good as that for a long time! 我好长时间没有读过那么好的东西了!
The young man is as strong as a horse. 那个年轻人健如骏马。
注意：as. . . as意为“和某物/某人一样……”, 表示同级比较。其基本结构: as +形容词或副词的原级+ as。
【归纳拓展】 as. . . as结构用法小结
as. . . as的否定结构为: not as/so. . . as意为“不如某物/某人……”。
例如: Jack doesn’t run as/so fast as Nick. 杰克没有尼克跑得快。
as. . . as还可用在某些固定结构中:
as. . . as possible/sb. can 尽可能……
as long as 只要
as far as 至于……; 就……来说
as soon as 一……就
【典例分析】
1.Wang Wei speaks English as _____ as Yang Lan．They both study English hard．
good B. well C. better D. best
【解析】句意：王伟的英语讲的和杨澜的一样好。他们学习英语都努力。A为形容词 原级；B为副词的原级；C为比较级；D为最高级。本题考查同级的比较。as…as中间用形容词或副词的原级，排除C/D；此处是副词修饰动词speak。故选B。
2.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
This film is ______ _______ ______ that one.
3.这本字典没有那本字典厚
This dictionary isn’t _____ ______ _______ that one.
【解析】 句式 甲与乙程度相同用 as as这个句式。答案：as interesting as
甲不及乙 用否定形式。not as …as 或not so….as 故答案为： so/as thick as
4.用单词的正确形式填空
(1)Grace was as_______________( care) as Tom. They made few mistakes in the exam.
(2)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made few mistakes in the exam.
(3)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made a few mistakes in the exam.
(4)English is not so interesting as maths. = English is ___________ interesting __________ maths.
【答案】（1）carful (2)carefully (3)careless (4) as….as
5.只要努力了，你就会成功！
_________ ________ _______ you work hard, you will succeed!
【答案】As long as 只要表示“条件”的状语从句。
6.他一看到我，就向我问好。
_________ __________ ______he saw me, he said hello to me.
【答案】As soon as 一。。。就表示“时间”状语从句。
7.为了学习好英语，你要尽可能多的记单词。
In order to study English well, you should remember English words ________ _________ _______ _________.
【答案】as many as possible
8.她英语说得和你一样好。
She speaks English _________ ________ ________.
【答案】as well as
要点6 “one of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”
One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, …
“one of + the + 形容词的最高级 + 复数名词”，意为“最……之一”。如：
Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
“one of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”指在某一范围内“最……之一”，该结构做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
【典例分析】
1.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
The Changjiang River is _______ ________ ________ _________ _________ in the world.
【点拨】one of the longest rivers
2.他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
He ________ ________ ________ _________ _________ ________ in our class
【点拨】is one of the best students
3. Teahouse is one of ____________________________ plays.
A. the Lao She’s most famous B. Lao She’s the most famous
C. the more famous D. Lao She’s most famous
【点拨】D 句意：茶馆是老舍的最著名的话剧之一。考查形容词最高级前面限定词的辨析。根据形容词最高级前面通常有定冠词the，如有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰，the要省略；再根据供选答案中的Lao She’s名词所有格形式。故选D。
4. One of the best plays “Teahouse” ________________ still popular among the old today.
A. be B. is C. are D. was
【点拨】B句意：最好的戏剧之一“茶馆”今天在老年人当中仍然很受欢迎。考查主谓一致的辨析。根据one of +形容词最高级+名词复数+谓语动词但是形式。故选B。
要点 7 achieve
achieve的用法
achieve意为“实现;达到;获得”时,一般只用作及物动词,通常以目标、目的、胜利、地位等作宾语,指排除各种困难、障碍而完成宏伟的目标或赢得胜利,如achieve a goal“实现目标”,achieve a dream“实现梦想”,achieve success“获得成功”。其同义短语为不及物动词短语come true,意为“实现”,一般由物(理想、愿望等) 作主语。例如:
My dream has come true.我的理想已经实现了。
2.achieve的名词形式为achievement,意为“成就;业绩;实现;达到”。例如:
We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain.
当到达山顶时,我们感到很有成就感。
【典例分析】
1. If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.
A. come out B. come true C. achieve D. come on
【答案】B 句意：如果我们中国人一起努力，中国梦就会实现。Come true实现，成为现实。主语一般指“计划”“梦想，希望”等。Achieve one’s dream 实现梦想。主语一般指人。故答案选B
2.恐怕他的愿望很难实现。
I’m afraid his wish won’t __________ __________easily.
I’m afraid he won’t ___________ __________ _________easily.
【答案】come true achieve his dream
3. Even a small success can give you a sense of ______________ (achieve) .
【答案】achievement
要点 8 even though
even though/even if都可引导让步状语从句，都不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still等连用。even though和even if一般可互换。语气比though/although强烈。
He won't tell me about the news even though/even if he knows it.即使他知道这消息，他也不会告诉我的
【典例分析】
根据汉语完成句子。
1.即使知道是无望的，我也坚持尝试。
I kept on trying, ______ _________ I knew it was hopeless.
【答案】even though/if
2.尽管雨下得很大，农民们仍然在农场里工作。
__________ ___________it’s raining hard, the farmers are still working on the farm.
【答案】even though/if
3.Many children ask their parents to give money to charity buy them snacks.
A. later on B. even though C. rather than D. in order to
【答案】C四个选项的含义分别是：later on后来；even though尽管；rather than而不是；in order to为的是。句意为“许多孩子要父母把钱捐给慈善机构，而不是给他们买零食”，故rather than符合题意。
4. I don't like eating vegetables________ I know they are good for my health.
A. since B. even though
C. because D. as soon as
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我不喜欢吃蔬菜，尽管我知道他们对我的健康有好处。A. since自从；B. even though即使，纵然；C. because因为；D. as soon as一……就。这里是引导让步状语从句。根据题意，故选B。
要点9 protect
protect 保护
(1) protect against
意为“使免受”(大事件）;防范
Exercise will protect against heart attacks.
运动可以防范心脏病。
(2) protect from
意为“使免受”（小事件）
He is always protecting himself from danger. 他总是保护着自己免受侵害
(3) protection n.
意为“保护，防卫” Parents always provide protection for their children.
父母总是为他们的孩子提供保护。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 我们愿意保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。
We’re willing to __________ ______________ wild animals.
【答案】protect from/against
2. 你最好戴上太阳镜，来保护你的眼睛免受阳光的伤害。
You’d better wear sunglasses to __________ your eyes ______________ sunshine.
【答案】protect from/against
3. Alice wants to buy a pair of sunglasses to protect herself________ the sun.
A. for B. under C. with D. against
【答案】D句意：Alice想买一副眼镜，来保护他自己阻挡太阳。Protect...against表示保护……免受……。根据题意，故选D。
要点 10 The +比较级……， the +比较级
The more information, the better.（比较级倒装句辨析）
倒装句句型：The +比较级……， the +比较级……：表示“越……，就越……”
The more information, the better. = We get more information, we are better.
The more we do for people, the happier we'll be．?我们为人民做得越多,就越幸福.?
The more , the better.多多益善.
【典例分析】
1 _______________ you are, _______________ mistakes you will make.
A. The careful; the few B. More careful; fewer
C. The more careful; the fewer D. The most careful; the fewest
【点拨】C句意：你越努力，你就会犯的错误越少。考查比较级形式用法。根据倒装句句型，比较级的倒装句，通常比较级形式之前要加定冠词the连用。故选C。
2.The ________ you study at your lessons, the ________ grades you will get.
A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better
【点拨】D句意：你在你的功课上更努力，你就会取得更好的成绩。The+比较级……；the+比较级……表示越……就越……。study harder表示越努力；the better grades表示更好的成绩。根据题意，故选D。
要点11
“比较级+than+ any other+ 单数可数名词（+ 比较范围）”结构
表示“在同一范围中比其他任何一个……更……” 用“ 比较级＋ than ＋any other＋单数名词（＋比较范围）”句型。 Tom swims faster than any other boy of the three.(=Tom swims fastest of the three boys.) 在这三个男孩中，汤姆游得比其他任何一个都快。
如果比较的人或物不在同一范围内，用“比较级＋ than ＋ any ＋ 单数名词”。 The Changjiang River is longer than any river in India. 长江比印度的任何一条河流 都长。
【典例分析】
1.Of the two physics problems, Martha just finished ______ one.
A. the most difficult B. the least difficult C. the less difficult
【解析】句意：在这两个物理问题中，玛莎刚刚完成了不那么难的一个。A. the most difficult最难的；B. the least difficult最不难的；C. the less difficult较不难的。根据前面的句子可知，比较的范围是两者，故用比较级的形式，答案为C。
要点12 illness
illness n. （某种）病
The children there all suffer from serious illness. 那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。
同根词：ill adj. 有病的 （比较级：worse, 最高级：worst）
辨析：ill, sick的区别：
ill和sick都有生病的，有病的意思，但是用法并不完全相同。
ill ill表示生病的，有病的 这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语； She is ill/sick in bed. 她卧病在床。
ill作定语修饰名词时是坏的，邪恶的意思。 He is an ill man他是一个邪恶的人。
sick sick既可以作表语又可以作定语，如病人可以说a sick man或the sick,但不能说an ill man或the ill。 She is looking after her sick father. 她在照顾她生病的父亲
Sick 有恶心的，厌倦的之意。 The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心
【典例分析】
1.用ill和sick填空
1）The boy doesn’t like to eat anything. He can be ________
2）Lucy’s mother is _________in hospital.
3）She’ll visit her _________mother after school.
4)The smell makes me________.
【答案】1.ill /sick 2.ill/sick 作表语2个单词都可以。 3.sick可以作定语，而ill不做定语。 4.sick 着重表示“恶心的“
2. He is also _______,but he is still taking care of another _______ man.
A. ill; ill B. sick; ill C. ill; sick
【答案】C .sick可以作定语，而ill不做定语
要点 13 endangered
endangered濒危的
(1) danger n. 危险 in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
(2) endanger v. 危及；使遭受危险
(3) dangerous adj. 危险的
【典例分析】
1.The girl is in . 这个女孩处于危险之中。
【答案】danger 名词。In danger 处于危险中。
2.It is to play with fire. 玩火是危险的。
【答案】dangerous
3.Pandas are animals.熊猫是濒危动物
【答案】endangered
4. Nowadays so many animals _______ danger, we should take actions to save them.
A. is in B. are in C. is out of D. are out of
【答案】B be in danger 处于危险中。 Be out of danger 脱离危险。故B符合题意。
5.When one walks in a forest alone at night, he may be______ because there are many______ animals around them.
A. dangerous; in danger B. dangerous; dangerous C. in danger; dangerous D. in danger; in danger;
【答案】C句意： 当一个人晚上独自在森林里行走时，他可能是因为周围有许多危险的动物而有危险。第一个空，in danger，有危险，第二个空，animals是名词，其前是形容词，dangerous，是形容词，危险的 ， 故选C。
要点 14：awake
awake：v.（awoke—awoken）（使）醒来
I was wide awake before dawn.
黎明前我已经完全醒了。（此时wide是副词，相当于completely）
China is awaking from her long sleeping. 亚洲正从长期沉睡中觉醒。
此外，awake还可作形容词，意思与asleep相对，与alive的用法相似。例如：
Is the baby awake or asleep 婴儿醒了还是睡着？
wake 醒来，叫醒
wake up
【典例分析】
1.他们每天早上一醒来，就在为了他们的家庭和未来而奔波。(完成句子)
They ________ ___________ every morning to work for their families and their future.
【答案】wake up
2.He often ________ (awake) up at seven in the morning.
【答案】wakes
【解析】wake 这里动词，醒来。Wake up 醒来，弄醒。
3.We still stay __________ (awake) although it is very late.
【答案】awake
【解析】这里用作形容词。“醒来的。”
4．Several hours later, Alice found herself ________ in a strange room.
A．aware B．awake C．aloud D．asleep
【答案】B
【解析】句意：几个小时后，爱丽丝发现自己在一个陌生的房间里醒了。
考查形容词辨析。aware明白的；awake醒着的；aloud大声地；asleep睡着的。根据“Alice found herself...in a strange room”及常识可知，发现自己的状态如何应是在清醒的时候，故选B。
5．Too much time on screen before sleep keeps our brain ________ and makes it hard for us to fall asleep.
A．alone B．awake C．asleep D．afraid
【答案】B
【解析】句意：睡前看太久屏幕会让我们的大脑保持清醒，让我们很难入睡。
考查形容词辨析。alone独自；awake醒着的；asleep睡着的；afraid害怕的。根据“makes it hard for us to fall asleep”可知，此处指会使我们保持清醒从而难以入睡。故选B。
要点 16
amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜（惊叹）的
amazing一般用于修饰事物，amazed（感到惊奇的）常用于修饰人。 be amazed at 意为“对……感到惊讶”。
The amazing magic show made me feel so amazed.
I’m amazed at his rapid progress.
【拓展延伸】类似的以 -ing（令人……），-ed（感到……）结尾的形容词：
interesting/interested, surprising/surprised, relaxing/relaxed, moving/moved, tiring/tired, boring/bored, exciting/exited, …
【典例分析】
1. 令我惊喜的是，他的汉语说得非常好。
To ________ __________, he speaks Chinese very well.
【点拨】my amazement to one’s s amazement 令某人惊喜的是。固定搭配。
3. 在这里见到你我很吃惊。
I’m __________ _________ _________ you here.
【点拨】amazed to meet.
4. 对这个令人吃惊的消息我们感到诧异。
We’re __________ __________ the ____________ news.
【点拨】amazed at surprising. be amazed at 对某事感到惊讶。amazed 形容“人”。Surprising 描述“物”。
5.他的到来令人吃惊。
His coming is __________.
【点拨】amazing。
【重点词组】
1. as big as 与……一样大
2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一
3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事
4. as far as I know 据我所知
5. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中
6. run along 跨越… …
7. take in air 呼吸空气
8. in the face of difficulties 面临危险
9. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想
10. the forces of nature自然界的力量
11. even though 虽然;尽管
12. at birth 在出生的时候
13. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去
14. walk into sb. 撞到某人
15. fall over 摔倒
16. take care of 照顾;照料
17. cut down the forests 砍伐林木
18. endangered animals 濒危动物
19.be in danger 处于危险之中
20. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性
【重点句式】
1.The elephant weights many times more than this panda.
这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。
2.At birth, a baby panda is about 3to 5 kilos.
刚出生的小熊猫幼崽约3到5公斤。
3.A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years.
一只熊猫活20年到30 年
4. Lin Wei and the other panda keepers are preparing the milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast.
林微和其他熊猫饲养员们正在给熊猫幼崽准备牛奶作为早餐。
5. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall down!
当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！
6. The baby often die from illness and do not live very long.
熊猫幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久。
7.Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the remaining forests.
科学家们说现在只有不到2000只大熊猫生活在幸存的森林中了。
8.Another reason for fewer and fewer pandas is because people are cutting down forests so pandas have fewer places to live and less bamboo to eat.
熊猫越来越少的另外一个原因是因为人们砍伐森林，所以可供熊猫居住的地方越来越小，可供其吃的竹子也越来越少。
(
知识要点二：语法
)
形容、副词比较级和最高级
一、形容、副词比较级和最高级的构成
构成 原级 比较级 最高级
一般在词尾加-er, -est great 伟大的 fast 快地 greater 较伟大的 faster 较快地 greatest 最伟大的fastest 最快地
以字母e结尾只加-r, -st nice 好的 nicer 较好的 nicest 最好的
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这一辅音字母, 再加-er, -est big 大的 bigger 较大的 biggest 最大的
以辅音字母+y结尾时，将y变为i再加-er, -est happy 高兴的heavy 重的 happier 较高兴的 heavier 较重的 happiest 最高兴的heaviest 最重的
其他双音节和多音节词，在词前加 more, the most slowly 慢的difficult 困难的 more slowly较慢的 more difficult较困难的 the most slowly最慢的 the most difficult最困难的
注意：
(1) 需要在其前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级的形容词和副词。
如：interesting, important, expensive, useful, careful, carefully, dangerous, delicious, serious, famous, difficult, wonderful, comfortable, popular, enjoyable ...
(2) 某些由形容词加-ly构成的副词，也是在其前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级。
如：slowly→ more slowly→ most slowly
quietly→ more quietly→ most quietly
(3) 形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the, 副词的最高级前可省略定冠词the。
如：Jack is the earliest boy to come to school.
Michael runs (the) fastest in his class.
不规则
原级 比较级 最高级
good / well better best
bad / badly worse worst
little less least
much / many more most
far farther further farthest furthest
old older elder oldest eldest
二、形容词和副词原级的用法
结构 意思
as+形容词 / 副词+as 和……一样
not as / so+形容词 / 副词+as 不及／不如……
so+形容词 / 副词+that 从句 如此……以至于……
too+形容词 / 副词+to do sth. 太……而不能……
形容词 / 副词+enough to do sth. 足够……
倍数+as+形容词 / 副词+as 表示倍数
Such + a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数=so+形容词+a (an)+可数名词单数 如此；这样
such+形容词+可数名词复数 / 不可数名词
三、形容词和副词比较级的用法：
结构 意思
... 比较级 + than... 两个事物 / 人比较
Which is+比较级，... or...
less+原级+than... 不及……
The+比较级 ... ，the+比较级... 越……就越……
...比较级+and+比较级... 越来越……
倍数+比较级+than+被比较的对象 表示倍数
... 比较级+than any other+名词单数+in (of) ... = ... 比较级+than the other+名词复数+in (of) ... 比其他……都……
四、形容词和副词最高级的用法：
结构 意思
... one of the+最高级+名词复数 之一
... 最高级+of(in)... 可以转换为：... 比较级+than any other + n.(单数)+in(of)... 最……比……任何一个都……
This is / was the+最高级+名词+that 定语从句 /
... be+序数词+最高级+可数名词的单数+in (of)... /
注意：
(1) 有的词既是副词又是形容词。
如：fast, late, hard, early, deep ...
(2) hard 既是形容词也是副词 , 作形容词时意为“困难的；艰苦的；坚硬的”，作副词时意为“努力地；猛烈地”。hardly的意思是“几乎不”, 它和 hard的意思完全不同。
如：He studies hard. 他努力学习。
He hardly studies. 他几乎不学习。
(3) 有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。一般在形容词词尾加上-ly构成。
如：careful→ carefully，bad→ badly，free→ freely，slow→ slowly
(4) 在比较级前可以用even，a bit，a little，a lot, much, still, far等修饰。
如：He is far healthier than before.
I write much more words than Sally.
【典例分析】
一、 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.I work this term, but David works even .(hard)
2.The (many) books you read, the (much) you will know.
3. Elon is the ________(tall) of the two students.
4. Amber is a careful girl so she does homework ___________(careful) in our class.
5. Who is ________(good) in English in your class
6.Which do you like ________(well), apples, pears or bananas
7. I feel math is _________________(difficult) of all the subjects.
8. I think Tom runs ________________(quick) in our class during the sports meeting.
9. He is _____________(quiet) boy in my class. He almost never talks.
10.Where you can buy the tickets ______________(cheap), Town Cinema, Green City or Movie World
11. Who do you think works _____________(hard) in our class
12．Nothing is a waste if you have a _________（create）mind.
13. Is Yellow River the fourth ________(long) river in the world
14. I like Chinese better than math because it’ s much ________(easy) to learn.
15.I think Sally did as (good) as Lucy in the math competition.
16.—Is Betty a good student
—Yes, she’s (hard-working) than any other student in her class.
17.It was cold yesterday, but it is much (cold) today.
18.—Does Grace sing well
—Yes, she sings (clear) and (loud) than other singers.
19.I am __________（true）sorry that I can’t tell you the result.
20.The _______(careful) you do, the ________(good) grades you’ll get.
【答案】1.hard harder 2.more more 3.taller 4.(the) most carefully 5.the best 6.best 7.the most difficult 8.most quickly 9.the quietest 10.the most cheaply 11.hardest 12.creative 13. Longest 14 easier
15.well 16.more hard-working 17.colder 18.more clearly more loudly 19.truly 20.more carefully better
(
知识要点三：书面表达
)
【话题分析】
学生通过前面课时的学习，己经掌握了如何运用对比和形容词副词的比较级和最高级知识介绍著名的山川河流或野生动物的情况。所以要求用前面所学知识描述动物濒临灭绝的典型特征，学会说明的写作模式。启发学生从不同角度分析该动物濒临灭绝的原因，并提出针对性的解决办法；并引导恰当使用besides, another reason, in one's opinion等表并列关系，因果关系，发表观点的连接词。
【词汇积累】
1. 在野生环境中 _______________
2. 出生时 _______________
3. 独自 _______________
4. 几乎；接近 _______________
5. 照顾 _______________
6. 保持健康 _______________
7. 其余的 _______________
8. 多于；超过 _______________
9. ……之多；多达 _______________
10. 失去家园 _______________
11. 就我所知 _______________
12. 面对（问题、困难等） ___________________
13.保护濒临灭绝的动物的重要性_________________
14. 保护鲸鱼的原则
15. 阻止往海里倒垃圾
16. 保护……免受……
17. 处于危险中
18. 砍倒
19．伸至中国西南部
20.冒着生命危险
【答案】1.in the wild 2.at birth 3.on one’s own 4.close to 5.take care of/look after 6.keep healthy 7.the rest of 8.more than 9.up to 10.lose one’s home 11. as far as I know 12.in the face of 13,the importance of protecting endangered animals 14.rules on whale protection 15.stop putting rubbish into the sea 18. cut down 19. run along the southwestern part of China 20. risk one’s life
【句型积累】
1. 为什么他们中的一些必须被保护
【答案】Why do some of them have to be protected
2. 一些种类的鲸鱼处于危险之中。我们如何保护他们
【答案】Some kinds of whales are in danger. How can we protect them
3.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。
【答案】The elephant weights many times more than this panda.
4.珠峰是世界上最高的山。（要求3种句子翻译）
【答案】Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.
= Qomolangma is higher than the other mountains in the world.
= Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.
5.它高达8844.43米。
【答案】It is 8844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb
6.一个主要原因是人们想在面对困难的时候挑战自己。
【答案】One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
7.他们派人到学校告诉孩子们拯救这些动物的重要性。
【答案】They send people to schools to tell children about the importance of saving these animals.
8.熊猫越来越少的另外一个原因是因为人们砍伐森林，所以可供熊猫居住的地方越来越小，可供其吃的竹子也越来越少。
【答案】Another reason for fewer and fewer pandas is because people are cutting down forests so pandas have fewer places to live and less bamboo to eat.
9.它也显示了人类有时能比自然的力量更强大。
【答案】It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.
10.成年的大熊猫一天要花超过12个小时的时间吃大约10千克的竹子。
【答案】Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos if bamboo.
【实战演练】
大象是陆地上最大的动物，它们喜欢群居，体型较大但性情温和。但是由于人类对象牙制品（ivory products）的追捧，每年都有大量的大象被猎杀，一些种类的大象已濒临灭绝（extinction）。作为中学生，我们可以为保护大象做点什么呢？请根据提示，写一篇英文倡议书为保护大象助力。
要点提示：
1. What are elephants like
2. What are their living habits
3. Why do they have to be protected
4. How can we protect them
要求：
1. 包含所有要点，条理清楚，意思连贯；
2. 词数：80左右（开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Boys and girls,
Elephants are our good friends, but how much do you know about them
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let’s do something to make a difference!
Boys and girls,
Elephants are our good friends, but how much do you know about them
Elephants are big and strong and they’re the biggest animals on land. Elephants live in groups and they’re friendly. However, a large number of elephants are killed every year because people want their ivories. The number of elephants is falling quickly and some kinds of elephants are in danger of extinction. Elephants need our help! What can we students do Firstly, we can help people learn more about elephants and tell them the importance of protecting elephants. Secondly, we should say no to ivory products. No buying, no killing. Finally, we should protect the living environment of elephants.
Let’s do something to make a difference!
写作二
5月22日是世界野生动物保护日。人类活动破坏了野生动物的生活环境，使许多野生动物正面临濒临灭绝的危险，如何保护野生动物？请根据以“Protecting Wild Animals”为题写一篇80词左右的短文。
要点提示：
1. 问题：越来越多野生动物濒临灭绝。
2.原因：人类滥砍滥伐，环境( environment )污染，导致动物生活区域变得越来越少；
很多野生动物面临食物危机；
一些人为了金钱和动物毛皮( fur )捕杀动物，
一些人甚至吃野生动物。
3.如何保护：①政府制定有关野生动物保护措施；建立国家野生动物保护区（national wildlife parks）
②了解野生动物知识，制定有关野生动物保护措施。
写作要求：
词数80-100；要点完整，可适当拓展内容；书写工整，卷面整洁。
Protecting Wild Animals
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Today more and more animals are endangered. Humans cut down trees and the environment is polluted seriously, so the animals have fewer and fewer places to live in. Lots of animals don’t have enough food to eat. Some people kill the animals for money and fur, and some even eat the meat.
How can we protect the endangered animals I think the government should make rules on animals protection and set up national wildlife parks. And we should also learn about wild animals. Protecting the animals is protecting ourselves. So let’s try our best to protect the wild animals.
【分析】这是一篇给材料作文，要求以“Protecting Wild Animals”为题写一篇关于保护野生动物的作文。
【详解】根据题目要求可知时态要用一般现在时，人称主要用第一人称。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达；同时注意理顺要点，防止漏写。在写作的时候，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后必须认真检查是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。
要点提示：
1. 问题：越来越多野生动物濒临灭绝。
2. 原因：人类滥砍滥伐，环境( environment )污染，导致动物生活区域变得越来越少；很多野生动物面临食物危机；一些人为了金钱和动物毛皮( fur )捕杀动物，一些人甚至吃野生动物。
3. 如何保护：①政府制定有关野生动物保护措施；建立国家野生动物保护区（national wildlife parks） ②了解野生动物知识，制定有关野生动物保护措施。
点睛：首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world？
(
知识目录
)单元小结
学习目标： 1. 掌握大数字的表达与读法；
2. 进一步掌握形容词和副词的比较级与最高级，听懂事物之间的比较并进行谈
论，说出基本的世界之最，口头表达“……之最”的句子；
3. 能读懂介绍地理或自然环境的文章，写好“保护野生动物”的相关文章。
语法目标：大数字的表达与读法，掌握形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的用法。
听说目标： 能够听懂有关地理与自然的对话进而做出相应回答，能够谈论地理与自然的相关话题；
写作目标：写好“保护野生动物”的相关文章。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 population的用法 练习
要点2 weigh的用法 练习
要点3 include的用法 练习
要点4 success /succeed/successful的用法 练习
要点5 as…as的用法 练习
要点6 “one of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”用法 练习
要点7 achieve的用法 练习
要点8 even thought的用法 练习
要点9 protecte的用法 练习
要点10 The +比较级……， the +比较级的用法 练习
要点11 “比较级+than+ any other+ 单数可数名词”的用法 练习
要点12 illness的用法 练习
要点13 endangered的用法 练习
要点14 awake的用法 练习
要点15 amazing的用法 练习
要点16重点短语 练习
要点17重点句式 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 形容词，副词的级别 17
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 20
要点2 词汇短语积累 21
要点3句式积累 22
要点4实战演练 23
(
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
)
【精讲精练】
要点 1. population
population n.人口
对人口数量提问用what或how large 而不能使用how many/much
What’s the population of this city 这座城市的人口是多少？
(1)population常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
(2) 当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
(3)The population of+ 某地+ be+ 数词= 某地+has a population of+ 数词
(4) 表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用“much”或“little”，而要用“large”或“small”。
【典例分析】
1._____ the population of China
A．How many is B．How much is C．How many are D．What’s
2. The population of China is __________than that of Japan.
A. more B. fewer C. bigger D. less
要点2 weigh
(1) weigh表示“称……的重量”，是及物动词；表示“重(多少)”，是不及物动词。例如：
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
Do you often weigh yourself 你经常称体重吗
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
The meat weighs five pounds. 这肉重五磅。
【拓展】
（1）weight是名词，意为“重量，体重”。例如：
What’s your weight 你体重是多少？
（2）比较：by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”，in weight表示“重量上”。例如：
Do they charge carriage by weight 他们是按重量收取运费吗
It’s smaller in size but greater in weight. 它体积比较小，但分量比较重。
(3)常用于以下表达中：
①What’s the weight of... 意为“……的重量是多少？”
－What’s the weight of the elephant 大象多重？
－I’ve no idea.我不知道。
②put on/lose weight 意为“长胖/减肥”
You can do more exercise to lose weight.你可以多锻炼来减肥。
【典例分析】
1.用weight 和weigh填空
1）Please____________ the apples.
2）How much does the elephant __________
2. How heavy are you (同义改写)
=What’s ________ ___________
=_________ _________ do you __________
3.—How much does a young panda ________
—Its ________ can be 35 kilograms.
A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh
要点 3 include
include作动词，意为“包括；包含”。例如：
The price for the hotel includes breakfast. 旅店的费用包括早餐在内。
The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里有一本字典。
【拓展】
including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用，和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括……在内”。例如：
There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.
有很多种月饼，包括水果的，咖啡的和火腿月饼。
There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.
班里有40名学生，包括我在内。
【典例分析】
1.我有很多工作要做，包括做饭和打扫房间。
I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.
2.我的工作包括做饭、打扫房间等。
My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.
3. I have to make breakfast for five people，____me.
A. include B. including C. included D. to include
要点4 success /succeed/successful
success的用法
（1）作为不可数名词，意为“成功；成就”。在表示“成功的人或事”时，它是可数名词。
Success is the mother of failure.失败是成功之母。
The party was a great success.这次聚会获得了巨大的成功。
其动词succeed,意为“成功”，常用于succeed in doing sth.,意为“成功做某事”。
The young man succeeded in passing the driving test.
年青人成功地通过了驾照考试。
（3）其形容词successful，意为“成功的”，其反义词为unsuccessful,意为“不成功的”。它们的副词分别为successfully, unsuccessfully。
The old man is a very successful writer. 老人是一个非常成功的作家。
【典例分析】
1.他终于把那个问题解决了。
At last he _________ _________solving the problem.
2. David has became a ______ writer. He wrote a book ___________.
A．successful successful B．success successful
C．succeed successful D．successful successfully
3.The ______ man ______ in finishing the work on time.
A. successfully; successful B. succeeded; successful
C. success; successful D. successful; succeeded
4. Please remember, “Failure is the mother of ________.” And I’m sure you will be ________ in teaching.
A. success; succeeded B. succeed; successful
C. success; a success D. a success; a success
5.Frederick ____ entered the final competition last month. His hobby has brought him ____.
A. successful; success B. successful; successfully
C. successfully; success D. successfully; successful
要点5 as. . . as
as. . . as和某物/某人一样……
I haven’t read anything as good as that for a long time! 我好长时间没有读过那么好的东西了!
The young man is as strong as a horse. 那个年轻人健如骏马。
注意：as. . . as意为“和某物/某人一样……”, 表示同级比较。其基本结构: as +形容词或副词的原级+ as。
【归纳拓展】 as. . . as结构用法小结
as. . . as的否定结构为: not as/so. . . as意为“不如某物/某人……”。
例如: Jack doesn’t run as/so fast as Nick. 杰克没有尼克跑得快。
as. . . as还可用在某些固定结构中:
as. . . as possible/sb. can 尽可能……
as long as 只要
as far as 至于……; 就……来说
as soon as 一……就
【典例分析】
1.Wang Wei speaks English as _____ as Yang Lan．They both study English hard．
good B. well C. better D. best
2.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
This film is ______ _______ ______ that one.
3.这本字典没有那本字典厚
This dictionary isn’t _____ ______ _______ that one.
4.用单词的正确形式填空
(1)Grace was as_______________( care) as Tom. They made few mistakes in the exam.
(2)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made few mistakes in the exam.
(3)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made a few mistakes in the exam.
(4)English is not so interesting as maths. = English is ___________ interesting __________ maths.
5.只要努力了，你就会成功！
_________ ________ _______ you work hard, you will succeed!
6.他一看到我，就向我问好。
_________ __________ ______he saw me, he said hello to me.
7.为了学习好英语，你要尽可能多的记单词。
In order to study English well, you should remember English words ________ _________ _______ _________.
8.她英语说得和你一样好。
She speaks English _________ ________ ________.
要点6 “one of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”
One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, …
“one of + the + 形容词的最高级 + 复数名词”，意为“最……之一”。如：
Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
“one of+the或其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”指在某一范围内“最……之一”，该结构做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
【典例分析】
1.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
The Changjiang River is _______ ________ ________ _________ _________ in the world.
2.他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
He ________ ________ ________ _________ _________ ________ in our class
3. Teahouse is one of ____________________________ plays.
A. the Lao She’s most famous B. Lao She’s the most famous
C. the more famous D. Lao She’s most famous
4. One of the best plays “Teahouse” ________________ still popular among the old today.
A. be B. is C. are D. was
要点 7 achieve
achieve的用法
achieve意为“实现;达到;获得”时,一般只用作及物动词,通常以目标、目的、胜利、地位等作宾语,指排除各种困难、障碍而完成宏伟的目标或赢得胜利,如achieve a goal“实现目标”,achieve a dream“实现梦想”,achieve success“获得成功”。其同义短语为不及物动词短语come true,意为“实现”,一般由物(理想、愿望等) 作主语。例如:
My dream has come true.我的理想已经实现了。
2.achieve的名词形式为achievement,意为“成就;业绩;实现;达到”。例如:
We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain.
当到达山顶时,我们感到很有成就感。
【典例分析】
1. If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.
A. come out B. come true C. achieve D. come on
2.恐怕他的愿望很难实现。
I’m afraid his wish won’t __________ __________easily.
I’m afraid he won’t ___________ __________ _________easily.
3. Even a small success can give you a sense of ______________ (achieve) .
要点 8 even though
even though/even if都可引导让步状语从句，都不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still等连用。even though和even if一般可互换。语气比though/although强烈。
He won't tell me about the news even though/even if he knows it.即使他知道这消息，他也不会告诉我的
【典例分析】
根据汉语完成句子。
1.即使知道是无望的，我也坚持尝试。
I kept on trying, ______ _________ I knew it was hopeless.
2.尽管雨下得很大，农民们仍然在农场里工作。
__________ ___________it’s raining hard, the farmers are still working on the farm.
3.Many children ask their parents to give money to charity buy them snacks.
A. later on B. even though C. rather than D. in order to
4. I don't like eating vegetables________ I know they are good for my health.
A. since B. even though
C. because D. as soon as
要点9 protect
protect 保护
(1) protect against
意为“使免受”(大事件）;防范
Exercise will protect against heart attacks.
运动可以防范心脏病。
(2) protect from
意为“使免受”（小事件）
He is always protecting himself from danger. 他总是保护着自己免受侵害
(3) protection n.
意为“保护，防卫” Parents always provide protection for their children.
父母总是为他们的孩子提供保护。
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 我们愿意保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。
We’re willing to __________ ______________ wild animals.
2. 你最好戴上太阳镜，来保护你的眼睛免受阳光的伤害。
You’d better wear sunglasses to __________ your eyes ______________ sunshine.
3. Alice wants to buy a pair of sunglasses to protect herself________ the sun.
A. for B. under C. with D. against
要点 10 The +比较级……， the +比较级
The more information, the better.（比较级倒装句辨析）
倒装句句型：The +比较级……， the +比较级……：表示“越……，就越……”
The more information, the better. = We get more information, we are better.
The more we do for people, the happier we'll be．?我们为人民做得越多,就越幸福.?
The more , the better.多多益善.
【典例分析】
1 _______________ you are, _______________ mistakes you will make.
A. The careful; the few B. More careful; fewer
C. The more careful; the fewer D. The most careful; the fewest
2.The ________ you study at your lessons, the ________ grades you will get.
A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better
要点11
“比较级+than+ any other+ 单数可数名词（+ 比较范围）”结构
表示“在同一范围中比其他任何一个……更……” 用“ 比较级＋ than ＋any other＋单数名词（＋比较范围）”句型。 Tom swims faster than any other boy of the three.(=Tom swims fastest of the three boys.) 在这三个男孩中，汤姆游得比其他任何一个都快。
如果比较的人或物不在同一范围内，用“比较级＋ than ＋ any ＋ 单数名词”。 The Changjiang River is longer than any river in India. 长江比印度的任何一条河流 都长。
【典例分析】
1.Of the two physics problems, Martha just finished ______ one.
A. the most difficult B. the least difficult C. the less difficult
要点12 illness
illness n. （某种）病
The children there all suffer from serious illness. 那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。
同根词：ill adj. 有病的 （比较级：worse, 最高级：worst）
辨析：ill, sick的区别：
ill和sick都有生病的，有病的意思，但是用法并不完全相同。
ill ill表示生病的，有病的 这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语； She is ill/sick in bed. 她卧病在床。
ill作定语修饰名词时是坏的，邪恶的意思。 He is an ill man他是一个邪恶的人。
sick sick既可以作表语又可以作定语，如病人可以说a sick man或the sick,但不能说an ill man或the ill。 She is looking after her sick father. 她在照顾她生病的父亲
Sick 有恶心的，厌倦的之意。 The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心
【典例分析】
1.用ill和sick填空
1）The boy doesn’t like to eat anything. He can be ________
2）Lucy’s mother is _________in hospital.
3）She’ll visit her _________mother after school.
4)The smell makes me________.
2. He is also _______,but he is still taking care of another _______ man.
A. ill; ill B. sick; ill C. ill; sick
要点 13 endangered
endangered濒危的
(1) danger n. 危险 in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
(2) endanger v. 危及；使遭受危险
(3) dangerous adj. 危险的
【典例分析】
1.The girl is in . 这个女孩处于危险之中。
2.It is to play with fire. 玩火是危险的。
3.Pandas are animals.熊猫是濒危动物
4. Nowadays so many animals _______ danger, we should take actions to save them.
A. is in B. are in C. is out of D. are out of
5.When one walks in a forest alone at night, he may be_____ because there are many______ animals around them.
A. dangerous; in danger B. dangerous; dangerous C. in danger; dangerous D. in danger; in danger;
要点 14：awake
awake：v.（awoke—awoken）（使）醒来
I was wide awake before dawn.
黎明前我已经完全醒了。（此时wide是副词，相当于completely）
China is awaking from her long sleeping. 亚洲正从长期沉睡中觉醒。
此外，awake还可作形容词，意思与asleep相对，与alive的用法相似。例如：
Is the baby awake or asleep 婴儿醒了还是睡着？
wake 醒来，叫醒
wake up
【典例分析】
1.他们每天早上一醒来，就在为了他们的家庭和未来而奔波。(完成句子)
They ________ ___________ every morning to work for their families and their future.
2.He often ________ (awake) up at seven in the morning.
3.We still stay __________ (awake) although it is very late.
4．Several hours later, Alice found herself ________ in a strange room.
A．aware B．awake C．aloud D．asleep
5．Too much time on screen before sleep keeps our brain ________ and makes it hard for us to fall asleep.
A．alone B．awake C．asleep D．afraid
要点 15
amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜（惊叹）的
amazing一般用于修饰事物，amazed（感到惊奇的）常用于修饰人。 be amazed at 意为“对……感到惊讶”。
The amazing magic show made me feel so amazed.
I’m amazed at his rapid progress.
【拓展延伸】类似的以 -ing（令人……），-ed（感到……）结尾的形容词：
interesting/interested, surprising/surprised, relaxing/relaxed, moving/moved, tiring/tired, boring/bored, exciting/exited, …
【典例分析】
1. 令我惊喜的是，他的汉语说得非常好。
To ________ __________, he speaks Chinese very well.
3. 在这里见到你我很吃惊。
I’m __________ _________ _________ you here.
4. 对这个令人吃惊的消息我们感到诧异。
We’re __________ __________ the ____________ news.
5.他的到来令人吃惊。
His coming is __________.
【重点词组】
1. as big as 与……一样大
2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一
3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事
4. as far as I know 据我所知
5. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中
6. run along 跨越… …
7. take in air 呼吸空气
8. in the face of difficulties 面临危险
9. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想
10. the forces of nature自然界的力量
11. even though 虽然;尽管
12. at birth 在出生的时候
13. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去
14. walk into sb. 撞到某人
15. fall over 摔倒
16. take care of 照顾;照料
17. cut down the forests 砍伐林木
18. endangered animals 濒危动物
19.be in danger 处于危险之中
20. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性
【重点句式】
1.The elephant weights many times more than this panda.
这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。
2.At birth, a baby panda is about 3to 5 kilos.
刚出生的小熊猫幼崽约3到5公斤。
3.A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years.
一只熊猫活20年到30 年
4. Lin Wei and the other panda keepers are preparing the milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast.
林微和其他熊猫饲养员们正在给熊猫幼崽准备牛奶作为早餐。
5. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall down!
当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！
6. The baby often die from illness and do not live very long.
熊猫幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久。
7.Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the remaining forests.
科学家们说现在只有不到2000只大熊猫生活在幸存的森林中了。
8.Another reason for fewer and fewer pandas is because people are cutting down forests so pandas have fewer places to live and less bamboo to eat.
熊猫越来越少的另外一个原因是因为人们砍伐森林，所以可供熊猫居住的地方越来越小，可供其吃的竹子也越来越少。
(
知识要点二：语法
)
形容、副词比较级和最高级
一、形容、副词比较级和最高级的构成
构成 原级 比较级 最高级
一般在词尾加-er, -est great 伟大的 fast 快地 greater 较伟大的 faster 较快地 greatest 最伟大的fastest 最快地
以字母e结尾只加-r, -st nice 好的 nicer 较好的 nicest 最好的
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写这一辅音字母, 再加-er, -est big 大的 bigger 较大的 biggest 最大的
以辅音字母+y结尾时，将y变为i再加-er, -est happy 高兴的heavy 重的 happier 较高兴的 heavier 较重的 happiest 最高兴的heaviest 最重的
其他双音节和多音节词，在词前加 more, the most slowly 慢的difficult 困难的 more slowly较慢的 more difficult较困难的 the most slowly最慢的 the most difficult最困难的
注意：
(1) 需要在其前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级的形容词和副词。
如：interesting, important, expensive, useful, careful, carefully, dangerous, delicious, serious, famous, difficult, wonderful, comfortable, popular, enjoyable ...
(2) 某些由形容词加-ly构成的副词，也是在其前面加more和most构成比较级和最高级。
如：slowly→ more slowly→ most slowly
quietly→ more quietly→ most quietly
(3) 形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the, 副词的最高级前可省略定冠词the。
如：Jack is the earliest boy to come to school.
Michael runs (the) fastest in his class.
不规则
原级 比较级 最高级
good / well better best
bad / badly worse worst
little less least
much / many more most
far farther further farthest furthest
old older elder oldest eldest
二、形容词和副词原级的用法
结构 意思
as+形容词 / 副词+as 和……一样
not as / so+形容词 / 副词+as 不及／不如……
so+形容词 / 副词+that 从句 如此……以至于……
too+形容词 / 副词+to do sth. 太……而不能……
形容词 / 副词+enough to do sth. 足够……
倍数+as+形容词 / 副词+as 表示倍数
Such + a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数=so+形容词+a (an)+可数名词单数 如此；这样
such+形容词+可数名词复数 / 不可数名词
三、形容词和副词比较级的用法：
结构 意思
... 比较级 + than... 两个事物 / 人比较
Which is+比较级，... or...
less+原级+than... 不及……
The+比较级 ... ，the+比较级... 越……就越……
...比较级+and+比较级... 越来越……
倍数+比较级+than+被比较的对象 表示倍数
... 比较级+than any other+名词单数+in (of) ... = ... 比较级+than the other+名词复数+in (of) ... 比其他……都……
四、形容词和副词最高级的用法：
结构 意思
... one of the+最高级+名词复数 之一
... 最高级+of(in)... 可以转换为：... 比较级+than any other + n.(单数)+in(of)... 最……比……任何一个都……
This is / was the+最高级+名词+that 定语从句 /
... be+序数词+最高级+可数名词的单数+in (of)... /
注意：
(1) 有的词既是副词又是形容词。
如：fast, late, hard, early, deep ...
(2) hard 既是形容词也是副词 , 作形容词时意为“困难的；艰苦的；坚硬的”，作副词时意为“努力地；猛烈地”。hardly的意思是“几乎不”, 它和 hard的意思完全不同。
如：He studies hard. 他努力学习。
He hardly studies. 他几乎不学习。
(3) 有许多副词是从形容词转化而来的。一般在形容词词尾加上-ly构成。
如：careful→ carefully，bad→ badly，free→ freely，slow→ slowly
(4) 在比较级前可以用even，a bit，a little，a lot, much, still, far等修饰。
如：He is far healthier than before.
I write much more words than Sally.
【典例分析】
一、 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.I work this term, but David works even .(hard)
2.The (many) books you read, the (much) you will know.
3. Elon is the ________(tall) of the two students.
4. Amber is a careful girl so she does homework ___________(careful) in our class.
5. Who is ________(good) in English in your class
6.Which do you like ________(well), apples, pears or bananas
7. I feel math is _________________(difficult) of all the subjects.
8. I think Tom runs ________________(quick) in our class during the sports meeting.
9. He is _____________(quiet) boy in my class. He almost never talks.
10.Where you can buy the tickets ______________(cheap), Town Cinema, Green City or Movie World
11. Who do you think works _____________(hard) in our class
12．Nothing is a waste if you have a _________（create）mind.
13. Is Yellow River the fourth ________(long) river in the world
14. I like Chinese better than math because it’ s much ________(easy) to learn.
15.I think Sally did as (good) as Lucy in the math competition.
16.—Is Betty a good student
—Yes, she’s (hard-working) than any other student in her class.
17.It was cold yesterday, but it is much (cold) today.
18.—Does Grace sing well
—Yes, she sings (clear) and (loud) than other singers.
19.I am __________（true）sorry that I can’t tell you the result.
20.The _______(careful) you do, the ________(good) grades you’ll get.
(
知识要点三：书面表达
)
【话题分析】
学生通过前面课时的学习，己经掌握了如何运用对比和形容词副词的比较级和最高级知识介绍著名的山川河流或野生动物的情况。所以要求用前面所学知识描述动物濒临灭绝的典型特征，学会说明的写作模式。启发学生从不同角度分析该动物濒临灭绝的原因，并提出针对性的解决办法；并引导恰当使用besides, another reason, in one's opinion等表并列关系，因果关系，发表观点的连接词。
【词汇积累】
1. 在野生环境中 _______________
2. 出生时 _______________
3. 独自 _______________
4. 几乎；接近 _______________
5. 照顾 _______________
6. 保持健康 _______________
7. 其余的 _______________
8. 多于；超过 _______________
9. ……之多；多达 _______________
10. 失去家园 _______________
11. 就我所知 _______________
12. 面对（问题、困难等） ___________________
13.保护濒临灭绝的动物的重要性_________________
14. 保护鲸鱼的原则
15. 阻止往海里倒垃圾
16. 保护……免受……
17. 处于危险中
18. 砍倒
19．伸至中国西南部
20.冒着生命危险
【句型积累】
1. 为什么他们中的一些必须被保护
2. 一些种类的鲸鱼处于危险之中。我们如何保护他们
3.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。
4.珠峰是世界上最高的山。（要求3种句子翻译）
5.它高达8844.43米。
6.一个主要原因是人们想在面对困难的时候挑战自己。
7.他们派人到学校告诉孩子们拯救这些动物的重要性。
8.熊猫越来越少的另外一个原因是因为人们砍伐森林，所以可供熊猫居住的地方越来越小，可供其吃的竹子也越来越少。
9.它也显示了人类有时能比自然的力量更强大。
10.成年的大熊猫一天要花超过12个小时的时间吃大约10千克的竹子。
【实战演练】
大象是陆地上最大的动物，它们喜欢群居，体型较大但性情温和。但是由于人类对象牙制品（ivory products）的追捧，每年都有大量的大象被猎杀，一些种类的大象已濒临灭绝（extinction）。作为中学生，我们可以为保护大象做点什么呢？请根据提示，写一篇英文倡议书为保护大象助力。
要点提示：
1. What are elephants like
2. What are their living habits
3. Why do they have to be protected
4. How can we protect them
要求：
1. 包含所有要点，条理清楚，意思连贯；
2. 词数：80左右（开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Boys and girls,
Elephants are our good friends, but how much do you know about them
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let’s do something to make a difference!
写作二
5月22日是世界野生动物保护日。人类活动破坏了野生动物的生活环境，使许多野生动物正面临濒临灭绝的危险，如何保护野生动物？请根据以“Protecting Wild Animals”为题写一篇80词左右的短文。
要点提示：
1. 问题：越来越多野生动物濒临灭绝。
2.原因：人类滥砍滥伐，环境( environment )污染，导致动物生活区域变得越来越少；
很多野生动物面临食物危机；
一些人为了金钱和动物毛皮( fur )捕杀动物，
一些人甚至吃野生动物。
3.如何保护：①政府制定有关野生动物保护措施；建立国家野生动物保护区（national wildlife parks）
②了解野生动物知识，制定有关野生动物保护措施。
写作要求：
词数80-100；要点完整，可适当拓展内容；书写工整，卷面整洁。
Protecting Wild Animals
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