2024年人中考英语二轮复习-专题十三 主从复合句课件(共41张PPT)

(共41张PPT)
中考英语二轮复习
专题十三 主从复合句
目录
01.
考点分析
02.
模拟考题
01
考点分析
主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成,句中的主句和从句都有完整的主语和谓语。主句可独立存在,从句需要用引导词引导,不可独立存在。
语序
宾语从句要用陈述语序,即"引导词+主语+谓语+其他"。
Where does he live Do you know →Do you know where he lives 你知道他住在哪里吗？
易失分点
当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是think, believe, expect等时，若要否定宾语从句，应将主句变成否定句，即"否定前移"。但翻译成汉语时，仍对从句进行否定。
I think they will lose the match. 我认为他们将会输掉这场比赛。（变否定句）→I don't think they will lose the match. 我认为他们不会输掉这场比赛。
时态
规律 用法 示例
主现从 不限/ 主将从 不限 如果主句中谓语动词的时态是 现在时或将来时，从句可以根 据需要选用时态 I'm happy to hear there will be
an outdoor activity in our school
at the end of this month.听到这
个月底我们学校将有一个户外活
动，我很高兴。
规律 用法 示例
主过从 必过 如果主句中谓语动词的时态是 一般过去时，则从句要用过去 的某种时态 ［2023江西中考］The king of
Chu knew Yanzi was very short.
楚王知道晏子个子很矮。
续表
规律 用法 示例
真理终 用现 如果从句表示的是客观事实、 真理、自然现象等，其时态通 常用一般现在时，不受主句时 态的影响 Our teacher told us water boils
at 100℃. 老师告诉我们水的沸点
是100摄氏度。
He said that light travels faster
than sound. 他说光比声传播得
快。
续表
引导词
引导词 作用 示例
that 本身无意义, 不充当句子成 分,只起连接 作用,通常可 省略 ［2023江西中考］We know that everyone
yawns in the same way.我们知道每个人打
哈欠的方式都一样。
引导词 作用 示例
连接代词： what, whom, which,whose, who等 在从句中作一 定成分，如主 语、宾语、定 语等 I don't know what she has bought for her
father. 我不知道她为她父亲买了什么。（在从句中作宾语）
Do you know who broke the window 你
知道是谁打破了窗户吗？（在从句中作主
语）
续表
引导词 作用 示例
连接副词： when, where, how, why等 在从句中作状 语 ［2023江西中考］They do not know
exactly why yawning happens, but they do
know many facts about yawning.他们不知
道打哈欠的确切原因，但他们知道很多关于
打哈欠的事实。
续表
引导词 作用 示例
if/whether 意为"是否"， 不作句子成 分，但不可省 略 You want to join others at their table, but
you're not sure if they're friendly. 你想跟其他人一起吃饭，但是你不确定他们是否友
好。
续表
易失分点
只用whether不用if的情况
情况 示例
宾语从句 在介词之 后时 It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow. 这取决于明天是
否会下雨。
情况 示例
后面紧跟 or not时 I don't know whether or not they will come tomorrow. 我不
知道明天他们是否会来。
宾语从句 提前至句 首时 Whether they can come here on time, we don't know. 我们不
知道他们能否按时来这儿。
用if会产 生歧义时 Please tell me if you need help. 如果你需要帮助，请告诉
我。/请告诉我你是否需要帮助。（若用whether只能表达第二
个意思）
续表
归纳拓展
宾语从句的简化
当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词为remember, know, forget, learn， decide, choose, agree, ask, tell, show等时，从句可简化为"（疑问词+）动词不定式"结构。
We decided that we would help the old man.=We decided to help the old man. 我们决定帮助这位老人。
She has forgotten how she can ride a bike.=She has forgotten how to ride a bike. 她已经忘记了如何骑自行车。
提分特训
1.[2023福建中考改编] —Would you please tell me ___ you improve
your English writing
—By keeping a diary every day.
C
A.why B.who C.how D.what
2.[2023天津中考] —Do you remember ___
—Sure. On the evening of May Day.
C
A.how we got to the Jiefang Bridge
B.how did we get to the Jiefang Bridge
C.when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself
D.when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself
时态
规律 用法 示例
主将 从现 主句用一般将来 时，从句用一般现 在时表示将来 If it snows tomorrow, we will have a snowball fight. 如果明天下雪，我们就打雪
仗。
主情 从现 主句有情态动词， 从句用一般现在时 When she comes, I shall tell her to wait for
you. 她来的时候我会告诉她等你的。
主祈 从现 主句是祈使句，从 句用一般现在时 Be careful when you cross the road. 当你过
马路的时候要小心。
提分特训
用方框中所给词填空
although because when if
3. ___ you exercise regularly, you will stay healthy. 4. __________
exercise can be tiring, it is beneficial for your body. It's 5. ________
exercise helps to strengthen your muscles（肌肉） and improve your
cardiovascular（心血管的） health. 6. _______ you exercise, your stress
can be reduced.
If
Although
because
When
关系代词的用法
关系代词 在从句中作 的成分 先行 词 示例
that, who 作主语、宾 语、表语 人 The boy who is sleeping is my nephew.
那个正在睡觉的男孩是我的侄子。
that, which 作主语、宾 语、表语 物 They carry a huge monster which is
made of wood and other materials.他们
抬着一个由木头和其他材料制成的巨型
怪物。
whom 作宾语 人 The man whom I saw is called Alan.我
见到的那个人名叫艾伦。
关系代词 在从句中作 的成分 先行 词 示例
whose 作定语（后 面加名词=of whom/which） 人、 物 The girl whose（=of whom） mother is
a teacher studies very hard.母亲是老师的
那个女孩学习很努力。
This is the building whose（=of which）
windows are all painted green. 这就是窗
户全漆成绿色的那幢大楼。
续表
关系副词的用法
关系副 词 在从句中 作的成分 先行词 示例
when 作时间状 语 表示时间的 名词 I will never forget the day when I
went to college.我永远不会忘记我上
大学的那一天。
where 作地点状 语 表示地点的 名词 People build homes and plant fields
where elephants used to live.人们在大
象曾经居住的地方建造房屋、种植田
地。
关系副 词 在从句中 作的成分 先行词 示例
why 作原因状 语 reason（有 时可省略） This is （the reason） why it works
so well: it lowers the risk of being
refused, and the embarrassment that
goes along with it. 这就是它如此有效
的原因：它降低了被拒绝的风险，还
缓解了随之而来的尴尬。
续表
关系代词的特殊用法
1.只能用关系代词that的情况
情况 示例
当先行词是something, anything, everything, nothing, little, few, all, none, much等不定代词时 There is nothing that can stop him
from doing it. 没有什么能够阻止他做
这件事。
情况 示例
当先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时（that可省略） This is the very necklace （that） you want. 这就是你想要的那条项链。
当先行词被序数词或形容词最高 级修饰或先行词本身就是序数词 时（that可省略） This is the best film （that） I have
ever seen. 这是我看过最好的电影。
续表
情况 示例
当先行词被any, every, each, no, some等修饰时 Please send us any information that
you have about the subject.请寄给我们
你掌握的关于此主题的所有信息。
当先行词中既有人又有物时 They are talking about the designers
and their works that interest them. 他们
正在谈论感兴趣的设计师及其作品。
续表
2.关系代词的省略
一般情况下，关系代词that, which, whom在从句中作宾语时可省略；但当which, whom在从句中作介词宾语并且介词置于关系代词前时，关系代词不可省略。
This is the girl with whom he worked.=This is the girl （whom） he worked with.这就是那个同他一起工作过的女孩。
提分特训
7.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。
The girl ____________________________________is from England.
who often helps me with my English
8.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
The film_______________________________ was wonderful.
（that/which）we saw last night
9.你必须作出抉择的时候到了。
There comes a time ________________________________.
when you have to make a choice
10.南昌是我出生的地方。
Nanchang is the place__________________________ .
where/in which I was born
11.这就是我们去北京乘坐的那趟列车。
This is the train by_________________________ .
which we went to Beijing
02
模拟考题
一、单项填空
1.[2023云南中考改编] —Do you know ___
—Yes, in Hangzhou, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Province.
D
A.when was the 19th Asian Games held
B.when the 19th Asian Games was held
C.where was the 19th Asian Games held
D.where the 19th Asian Games was held
2.[2023广西中考改编] —Excuse me, could you tell me ___
—At 7 o'clock in the evening.
A
A.when the concert will start B.where we can buy concert tickets
C.who will sing songs at the concert D.how we can buy concert tickets
3.[2023扬州中考] —I'm wondering ___ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A
A.how I can buy the air ticket B.how can I buy the air ticket
C.when I can buy the air ticket D.when can I buy the air ticket
4.[2023福建中考改编] ___ David has failed many times, he is always
full of hope for the future.
C
A.If B.When C.Though D.Unless
5.___ you are crazy about computer games, you will fall behind others.
B
A.Before B.If C.Though D.Unless
二、语法与写作
6.How does it work Can you tell me （用宾语从句合并句子）
Can you tell me ______________？
how it works
7.&2& I took an umbrella. I didn't get wet in the rain.（用结果状语从句合并句子）
I took an umbrella,__________________________________ .
so that I didn’t get wet in the rain
8.&3& You promise to return on time. I will lend you my car.（用条件状语从句合并句子）
________________________________, I will lend you my car.
If you promise to return on time
9.&4& Do you know the boy He often comes here.（用定语从句合并句子）
Do you know_________________________________
the boy who/that often comes here
三、用方框中所给词填空（每词限用一次）
that why when who which how
[2023长沙中考改编] Do you know 10. ______ World Letter Writing
Day is It falls on September 1st every year. It encourages people to
take a break from today's social media （媒体） and write a letter to
someone by hand.
Do you know 11. _____ you should write to Think about a friend
or relative 12. _____ lives far away. A parent or best friend would also
love to receive your letter.
when
who
that
Do you know 13. _____ you can write a letter properly The date
and a greeting （问候语） should be at the top of the letter. A closing
needs to follow the body. End it by signing it.
Do you know 14. _____ you should pick up a pen and write a
letter It is a surprise 15. _______ may make someone's day. It's a good
way to show people that you have been thinking of them.
how
why
which
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