外研（新标准）版八年级下册Module 3 Journey to space 复习课件(共63张PPT)

(共63张PPT)
Module 3 Journey to space
Module 3 Journey to space
知识概要
Module 3 Journey to space
课时讲练
Unit 1（第一、二课时）
1.What are you up to 你在干什么呢？
（1）be up to表示“忙于……；正在做……”。例如:
What is he up to with all those books on the floor 这么多书放在地上，他在干什么呀？
（2）be up to sb.意为“由某人决定”。例如:
—Do you want to stay or go 你是要留下还是要走呢？
—It’s up to you.由你决定。
2.I’ve just made a model spaceship for our school project. 我刚做了一个我们学校项目要求的宇宙飞船模型。
I haven’t started yet... 我还没有开始……
Astronauts have already been to the moon.航天员们已经去过月球了。
【辨析】just，yet与already在现在完成时中的用法区别
单词 意义及用法 例句
just 意为“刚好，恰好”，常用于现在 完成时的肯定句中，通常放在助 动词之后，实义动词之前 We have just had dinner.我
们刚刚吃了晚饭。
单词 意义及用法 例句
yet 意为“还；尚”，常用于现在完成 时的否定句和疑问句中，表示某 事物在某一时间尚未发生，但未 来也许会发生，通常放在句尾。 “not...yet”意为“还没；尚未” —Have you received her
letter yet 你收到她的信了
吗？
—No, I haven’t received
her letter yet.不，我还没有
收到她的信。
already 意为“已经”，常用于现在完成时 的肯定句中，放在句中或句尾 He has already visited
Beijing twice.他已经去过北
京两次了。
续表
3.The journey has taken several months. 旅程已经花了几个月的时间。
take表示“做某事花……时间”，主语通常用it,构成“It takes/took sb. time to do sth.”句型，但有时主语也用物。 例如:
It took me two hours to finish the work.完成这项工作花了我两个小时。
The work will take two hours. 这项工作将需要花两个小时。
4.That’s why it’s on the news.这就是它（宇宙飞船）上新闻的原因。
（1）“that is why... ”意为“这就是……的原因”。例如:
Everyone in Dublin is friendly, and that is why I love the city.都柏林的人们都很友好，这就是我喜欢这座城市的原因。
（2）on作介词，意为“在（播放）中；关于……”。例如:
What’s on the TV 电视正在播放什么节目？
5.So have they discovered life on Mars 所以他们在火星上发现生命了吗？
【辨析】discover，find与look for的用法区别
词语 意义及用法 例句
discover 意为“发现；找到”，指 偶然或经过努力发现已 经客观存在的事物、真 理 Do you know who discovered
penicillin 你知道谁发现了青霉素
吗？
词语 意义及用法 例句
find 意为“发现；找到”，指 找到丢失的事物 He looked at the room, but he
didn’t find anything.他看了看房
间，但是什么也没有发现。
look for 意为“寻找”，指寻找的 动作，东西尚未找到 He is looking for his lost book.他
正在找他丢失的书。
续表
6.Lots of scientists are working hard in order to send astronauts to Mars one day.许多科学家正在努力工作，为的是有一天能送航天员去火星。
in order to意为“为了；目的是……”，常用来引导目的状语，后接动词原形，既可位于句中，也可位于句首。例如:
He got up early in order to catch the early bus.他早起是为了赶上早班车。
一、根据中文提示写出正确的单词。
1.To protect the ______（地球）, we should plant more trees.
2.Have you heard the latest ______（消息）about the football match
3.The eight _______ （行星）all go around the sun.
4.We ________（到达）the railway station late yesterday.
earth
news
planets
reached
5.—Do you know Gui Haichao
—Sure. He is an excellent _________（宇航员） in China.
astronaut
二、用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
1.The girl is still doing her homework. She ______________
（not finish） it yet.
2.He is a basketball fan and he always gets the ______（late） news
about NBA.
3.Has your brother ________（reach）America yet
4.They went there early in order _______（get） a good seat.
5.We’d like to ask how _________（mend） the machine.
hasn’t finished
latest
reached
to get
to mend
三、单项选择。
( ) 1.—Has your sister finished reading ________
—Yes. She has ________ finished it.
B
A.yet;yet B.yet;already C.already;yet
( ) 2.In the future, scientists will ________ more secrets of the
universe.
B
A.find B.discover C.look for
( ) 3.—When will Jack ________ Guilin
—In a week.
A.get B.arrive C.reach
C
( ) 4.—Excuse me, could you please help me do the dishes
—________.
A
A.No problem B.Yes, I do C.It’s a good idea
( ) 5.When you drive a car, you must drive slowly ________
keep safe.
B
A.so that B.in order to C.in order that
( ) 6.—Where is Zhang Ming
—Oh, don’t you know he ________to Beijing to see his parents and
he’ll be back tomorrow
A.has gone B.has been C.have gone
A
( ) 7.My sister has a sweet tooth. That’s ________ she often has
a toothache（牙痛）.
C
A.what B.where C.why
( ) 8.I borrowed a book ________ history from the library last
week.
A
A.on B.at C.in
四、情景交际。从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话。其中有一项是
多余的。
A: Hello. This is Mike speaking. May I speak to Dennis, please
B: Yes, speaking.
A: 1. .
B: I’m doing nothing. But I have just watched a video on the Internet.
B
A. How long has it taken to get there
B. What are you up to
C. It’s about Mars.
D. Have the scientists sent a spaceship to Mars
E. What do you think of the video
F. Has it arrived yet
A: 2. .
B: It’s great. And I have learned a lot from it.
A: What is the video about
B: 3. .
A: Mars I am very interested in it.
Is there any life on Mars
B: I think the answer is no.
A: 4. .
B: Yes, they have.
E
C
D
A. How long has it taken to get there
B. What are you up to
C. It’s about Mars.
D. Have the scientists sent a spaceship to Mars
E. What do you think of the video
F. Has it arrived yet
A: 5. .
B: Several months.
A: It’s really a long but exciting journey.
A
A. How long has it taken to get there
B. What are you up to
C. It’s about Mars.
D. Have the scientists sent a spaceship to Mars
E. What do you think of the video
F. Has it arrived yet
Unit 2（第三、四课时）
1.Scientists think that there has been life on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. 科学家们认为地球上存在生命已有数亿年了。
（1）there has/have been是there be句型的现在完成时结构，意为“已经有”。例如:
There has been no movement in oil prices.石油价格没有变化。
（2）hundreds of millions of years表示“数亿年”。hundreds of“数百”，thousands of“数千”，millions of“数百万”，billions of“数十亿”，这些都表示不确定数目。表示确定数目时hundred，thousand，million，billion与具体数词连用，不加“-s”。例如:
two hundred 二百
2.However, we have not found life on any other planets yet. 然而，我们没有在其他任何星球发现生命。
any other 意为“其他的任何一个”，是指在同一个范围之内的事物相比。例如:
Jack is taller than any other student in his class.= Jack is the tallest in his class.杰克比他班上任何一名同学都高。
3.None of them has an environment like that of the earth, so scientists do not think they will find life on them.它们中没有一个有像地球这样的环境，因此科学家们认为在它们上面找不到生命。
（1）none作不定代词，表示“三者或三者以上没有一个”，主语可看作单数或复数。例如:
None of these girls likes/like the film. 这些女孩都不喜欢这部电影。
（2）【辨析】none，no one与nothing的用法区别
词语 用法 例句
none 既可指人又可指物，多 指上文提及的人或物， 可与of连用，回答how many/how much的提问 —How many students are there in the
classroom 有多少个学生在教室？
—None. 一个也没有。
词语 用法 例句
no one 只指人，不与of连用，回答who的提问 —Who are you speaking to 你在和
谁说话？
—No one. 没人。
nothing 指物，不与of连用，回答what的提问 —What have you bought 你买了什
么？
—Nothing.什么也没买。
续表
4....with so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space ……宇宙中有这么多星球，我们是孤独的吗，或者太空中还有其他生命存在吗？
句中with 引导介词短语，在句中作状语。with引导的介词短语的结构主要有:
（1）with+名词+形容词/副词。例如:
He left with the door open.门开着，他就离开了。
（2）with+名词+动词-ing形式/过去分词/不定式。例如:
He fell asleep with his radio working.他睡着了，收音机还响着。
With so many things to do, we have no time to play.要做的事情这么多，我们都没有时间玩了。
5.However, no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy.然而, 还没有宇宙飞船飞行足够远的距离到达我们银河系里的其他恒星。
enough意为“足够地”，作副词，修饰形容词或副词时要位于其后，常用结构为“形容词/副词+ enough + to do”，意为“足够……去做某事”。例如:
She’s not strong enough to go walking up mountains.她身体不够强壮，不能爬上山。
6.Why has no one communicated with us 为什么还没有人和我们联系呢？
communicate with sb.意为“与某人联系；与某人沟通”。例如:
We should often communicate with our parents. 我们应该经常和我们的父母沟通。
一、根据中文提示写出正确的单词。
1.In the face of danger, all the firefighters were brave and______
（没有一个） of them gave up.
2.______ （光） travels much faster than sound.
none
Light
3.We are divided（分开） into four_______ （组） to discuss the
question and work it out.
4.We don’t know how large the ________（宇宙） is.
5.Nothing is __________（不可能的） if you put your heart into it.
groups
universe
impossible
二、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.—Have you_______（visit） your uncle yet
—Yes, I have.
visited
2.The room is big enough ________（hold） thirty students.
3.It is hard_______ （say） who will win the game.
4.________（billion） of stars are together with the sun in the Galaxy.
5.Our teacher told us that the earth_____ （go） around the sun.
to hold
to say
Billions
goes
三、单项选择。
( ) 1.In the past few years there ________ great changes in my
home town.
B
A.has been B.have been C.were
( ) 2.There are about three ________ students in our school.
C
A.thousands B.thousands of C.thousand
( ) 3.We couldn’t buy anything because ________ of the shops
were open.
B
A.all B.none C.nothing
( ) 4.Today, chatting online becomes very popular, and more and
more people like to ________ each other online.
B
A.depend on B.communicate with C.believe in
( ) 5.—I’ll be away for a long time.
—Don’t worry. She can look after your pet ________.
C
A.happily B.carelessly enough C.carefully enough
( ) 6.My sister usually goes to bed ________ the light on.
B
A.at B.with C.for
四、情景交际。从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话。其中有一项是
多余的。
A: What are you doing, Jim
B: 1. .
A: What is the show about
B: 2. .
A: I know it develops very fast.
B
C
A. Let’s ask our teacher for help.
B. I am watching a TV show.
C. About China’s space technology（技术）.
D. I want to be an astronaut like him in the future.
E. I’m so moved（打动） by their spirit（精神）.
F. I am so proud that Shenzhou-17 has been sent into space in
October,2023.
B: You’re right. 3. .
A: Yes, I am proud too. And Jiang Xinlin is my hero. 4. .
B: Me too. But I think all of them did a good job. 5. .
A:Yeah, they set a good example for us.
B: Let’s study hard.
A: Good idea!
F
D
E
A. Let’s ask our teacher for help.
B. I am watching a TV show.
C. About China’s space technology（技术）.
D. I want to be an astronaut like him in the future.
E. I’m so moved（打动） by their spirit（精神）.
F. I am so proud that Shenzhou-17 has been sent into space in October,2023.
五、选词填空。根据短文内容，从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其
正确形式填空。
find send however hundred possible
Though scientists think that there has been life on the earth for 1. . of millions of years, we have not 2. . life on any other planets in the solar system. Our solar system is a small part of the Galaxy. Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe. They are so far away that it is 3. . to imagine how
hundreds
found
impossible
large the universe is. Scientists have 4. . spaceships to the planet Mars and outside the solar system. 5. .， no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy.
sent
However
find send however hundred possible
Unit 3（第五课时）
1.现在完成时（二）
现在完成时可以表示动作已经完成或刚刚完成，对现在有一定影响。经常用 just（刚刚），already（已经），yet（尚，还）等加以强调说明；也可表示到目前为止、曾经经历或未曾经历的事，经常用ever（曾经），never（从来没有），before（以前）或表示次数的词或者短语等加以强调说明。常与现在完成时连用的时间副词的用法：
（1）already意为“已经”，常用于肯定句中，一般位于助动词之后，实义动词之前，也可用于句末。already用于疑问句时，有惊讶之意。例如:
I have already eaten lunch.我已经吃过午餐了。
You’re not leaving already, are you 你已经不打算走了，是吗？
（2） yet意为“已经；还”，常用于疑问句和否定句中，在口语中一般置于句末。例如:
Has Betty had her supper yet 贝蒂吃过晚饭了吗？
（3）ever意为“曾经”，常用于疑问句或者肯定句中，位于助动词之后，实义动词之前。例如:
It was the best vacation we’ve ever had.这是我们度过的最好的假期。
（4）just意为“刚刚”，多用于肯定句中，位于助动词之后，实义动词之前。例如:
My father has just reached London.我爸爸刚到伦敦。
（5）before意为“以前”，表示现在看来的以前，不与表示一段时间的状语连用，常单独用于句末。例如:
She has been to China before.她以前去过中国。
（6）never意为“从不”，主要与肯定性动词连用而不与否定性动词连用。例如:
I’ve never been to Paris. 我从未去过巴黎。
（7）so far意为“至今”，表示从过去到现在的这个时间段。例如:
We have learnt 2，000 new words so far.到目前为止，我们已经学了2 000个新单词。
2.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
（1）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作。现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。例如:
I saw this film yesterday.我昨天看过这部电影了。（强调动作发生的时间是yesterday。）
I have seen this film.我已经看过这部电影了。（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
（2）一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用。这类状语有...ago, last week/..., in 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday, yesterday, then（那时），等等。
现在完成时常和recently（近来），ever, never, twice, so far, since， for， in the past/last few years, already, before等连用。
一、单项选择。
( ) 1.I haven’t heard from my brother ________.
C
A.already B.ever C.yet
( ) 2.—Ms Chen will check our homework this afternoon.________
you ________ it
—Not yet. I’m doing it right now.
B
A.Did; finish B.Have; finished C.Do; finish
( ) 3.—How delicious the cake is!
—Yes, I have ________ had one piece.
A
A.just B.yet C.ever
( ) 4.—I’d like to introduce my best friend to you, Bob.
—Thank you, but we ________ already.
C
A.have written B.have danced C.have met
( ) 5.I have ________ read such an interesting book before. I
want to read it again.
C
A.already B.ever C.never
( ) 6.Some of my classmates ________ an English play at the art
festival two days ago.
B
A.have had B.had C.have
二、按要求完成下列句子。每空一词。
1.Rachel has already seen the book. （改为否定句）
Rachel _______ _____ the book____.
hasn’t
seen
yet
2.They have been away for a month. （对画线部分提问）
______ _____ _____ they been away
How
long
have
3.The little girl has to work hard to support her family. （改为同义句）
The little girl has to work hard ___ ______ ___ support her family.
in
order
to
三、完形填空。
The moon travels around the earth. It is our satellite（卫星）. Man . .1. . it already. So far no man has travelled . .2. ., but spaceships without people. .3. . other parts of the universe.
Many countries have sent man-made satellites into space. These satellites go around the earth and help us. .4. . more about the earth, the weather and . .5. . things. Most countries use these satellites to send and receive . .6. .. For example, with their help, China can send its TV and
radio programmes to the other parts of the world. We can also use . .7. . to help us make telephone calls to foreign countries.
Our knowledge of the universe. .8. . all the time. Our knowledge grows and the universe develops. Because of space satellites, the world . .9. .is becoming much . .10. . and people from different countries now can understand each other better.
( ) 1.A.visited B.is visiting C.has visited
C
( ) 2.A.farther B.smaller C.bigger
A
( ) 3.A.have watched B.have shown C.have reached
C
( ) 4.A.see B.learn C.listen
B
( ) 5.A.else B.the other C.other
C
( ) 6.A.news B.messages C.letters
B
( ) 7.A.satellites B.programmes C.spaceships
A
( ) 8.A.have grown B.are growing C.is growing
C
( ) 9.A.himself B.itself C.herself
B
( ) 10.A.small B.smaller C.more beautiful
B
四、阅读理解。
What is the sky This question is very difficult to answer. The sky is a space where there is nothing except the sun, the moon and all the stars. Scientists can look at them through telescopes（望远镜）, and in this way, they can find out a great deal （许多） of stars. They know many facts about the moon. For example, they know how big and how far away it is. The moon is about 384,000 kilometres away from the earth. A plane cannot fly to the moon because there is no air. But a rocket（火箭） can.
How can a rocket fly If you want to know, get a balloon and then blow it up, until it is quite big. Do not tie up the neck（脖子） of the balloon. Let it go! The balloon will fly off through the air very quickly. The air inside the balloon tries to get out through the neck of it, which pushes the balloon through the air. It does not need wings（翅膀） like a plane. The rocket is made of metal（金属）. The metal can’t be heavy but it must be very strong. There is a gas（气体） inside the rocket which is made very hot. When it rushes out of the rocket, the rocket is pushed up（推上） into the air.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。
( ) 1.There is nothing in the sky.
F
( ) 2.Scientists know all the facts about the moon.
F
( ) 3.A rocket can fly to the moon even there is no air.
T
( ) 4.Flying a balloon can help us know how a rocket flies.
T
( ) 5.The metal can’t be too heavy or too strong.
F
五、书面表达。
北京时间2023年10月26日，我国成功发射神舟十七号载人飞船。此次执
飞的唐胜杰是我国迄今为止最年轻的航天员。请你根据下面的提示，写
一篇英语短文介绍唐胜杰的相关情况。70词左右。
提示：
1.唐胜杰是三位航天员中最年轻的；2.1989年12月他出生于中国的
西北部一个贫穷的村庄；3.他每天花费大约两小时上学，在2008年考上
了大学；4.你的感受。
参考词语：发射launch；载人飞船 manned spaceship；困难
difficulty；在我看来 in my opinion
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
On October 26, 2023, China launched the Shenzhou-17 manned
spaceship successfully. Among the three astronauts, Tang Shengjie is
the youngest. Tang was born in a small poor village in the northwest
of China in December 1989. The school was far away from home, so
Tang had to spend about 2 hours a day going to school. But he kept
studying hard and finally he entered the university in 2008. In my
opinion, Tang is not afraid of difficulties. As a student, I should learn
from him.
Module 3 Journey to space
知识清单
Module 3
1.__________________最新消息
the latest news
2.____________没有人
no one
3._____________遥远的
far away
4.________________在地球上
on the earth
5.________________________数以亿计的
hundreds of millions of
6.______________绕着……转
go around
7.________________星系；（尤指）太阳系
solar system
8._________________银河系
the Milky Way
9.______________数以亿计的
billions of
10.______________在太空中
in space
11._____________________与……交流
communicate with
12.________________航天旅行
space travel
重点句型
1.______________________你在忙什么？
What are you up to
2._________________________________________________我还没开始，因为我不确定如何制作它。
I haven’t started yet because I’m not sure how to make it.
3.______________________你能帮我吗？
—Can you help me
____________________当然，没问题。
—Sure, no problem.
4.______________________它到了吗
—Has it arrived yet
__________________________是的，它已经到了。
—Yes, it has arrived already.
5.___________________________那就是它上新闻的原因。
That’s why it’s on the news.
6._______________________________________航天员已经去过月球了。
Astronauts have already been to the moon.
7._________________________________________________然而，我们还没有在任何其他的行星上发现生命
However, we have not found life on any other planets yet.
8.________________________________________________________________________________________它们当中没有一颗行星拥有与地球一样的环境，所以科学家们认为其他行星上都不可能存在生命。
None of them has an environment like that of the earth, so scientists do not think they will find life on them.
9._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________太阳和它的行星被叫作太阳系，而我们的太阳系是一个叫作银河系或银河的更大的星群里的一小部分。
The sun and its planets are called the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a much larger group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way.
10._____________________________________________________________________然而，还没有宇宙飞船飞得远到能到达我们星系中的其他恒星
However, no spaceship has travelled far enough to reach other stars in our Galaxy.
知识要点
1. 根据不同情况在现在完成时中使用just，already，yet。
2. 掌握现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。
3. 掌握reach，project，discover，none，impossible，be up to，in order
to 等的用法。