人教版八年级下册Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?词汇学案（无答案）

unit 7 词汇
square n. 正方形，平方
【课文原句】about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size
Square kilometer ________________ 平方米 __________________
其他形状
meter n. 米
【课文原句】1,025 meters deep
【翻译】100米宽 ____________ 25米长______________ 8800米高_____________
desert n. 沙漠
【课文原句】The Sahara is the largest desert in the world.
【短语】
desert climate 沙漠气候 desert soil 荒漠土 desert storm 沙漠风暴
population n.人口，人口数量
【课文原句】China has the biggest population in the world. It's a lot bigger than the population of the US.
【询问人口】What is the population of +城市/国家等？
其中，____________________ 表示“……的人口”
修饰人口大小用large(更正式), big(更口语),small
China has a large/big population.
the largest/biggest population _______________________
翻译：朝鲜人口很少。_______________________________________
【同根词】popular _________________
Asia n. 亚洲
【课文原句】China is almost as big as the US, and it is the biggest country in Asia.
【同根词】亚洲的 _____________
【翻译】南亚 ______________ 东南亚 ___________
feel free 随便（做某事）
【课文原句】Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour
【短语】feel free to do sth. 随便/随意做某事
Eg.Here's my card. Please feel free to call me.
Hey, feel free to ask a question.
【翻译】请随便到处看看____________________________________
tour n.& v. 旅行
【课文原句】Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour
tour 指的是一个有组织的旅行，通常包括一系列的景点或地点。 The tour includes visits to famous museums and monuments.
travel 指的是任何一种移动或旅行，可以是商务旅行、度假旅行、探险旅行等。 She travels extensively for her job
journey 指的是从一个地点到另一个地点的旅途或者行程，强调的是整个旅途的过程。 Their journey across the desert was long and arduous(艰巨的).
tourist n.游客
Eg.Thousands of tourists came to the old town.
【同根词】tourism 旅游业
wall n.墙
【课文原句】How long is the wall
amazing adj. 惊人惊叹的
【课文原句】Wow, that's amazing!
【同根词】惊奇的 adj. ___________ 惊奇 n. _________________
ancient adj. 古代的
【课文原句】Why did the ancient emperors build the wall
【短语】in ancient times 在古代 ancient architecture 古代建筑
history of ancient china 中国古代史 ancient Greece 古希腊
古代帝王__________________
protect v. 保护
【课文原句】The main reason was to protect their part of the country.
【短语】保护环境 _______________
protect against 护免受……的伤害
Protect sb. from sth. 保护免受……的伤害
注："protect against" 更强调采取措施来预防某种危害或威胁
而 "protect from" 则更强调提供保护，使某人或某物不受到已经存在的危害或威胁的影响。
It can protect people against infection(感染).
The umbrella protected us from the rain.
protection n.保护
【课文原句】Rules on whale protection
【短语】环境保护 environmental/environment protection
野生动物保护 ______________________
Wide adj. 宽的
【课文原句】As you can see, it's quite tall and wide.
【翻译】这条河很宽 _____________ 这条河有50米宽_____________
【同根词】width n. ________________
Long adj. 长的 length n.______________ high adj. 高的 height n.________
【注】as you (can) +V原 正如你(可以)……
Eg. As you can feel正如你能感觉到的
As you know 如你所知
As you heard 正如你听到的
as far as I know 据我所知
【课文原句】As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.
【翻译】据我所知，他没有做任何事情。
_______________________________________________________________
man-made 人造的
【短语】man-made soil 人造土壤 man-made satellite 人渣卫星
人造物体________________
achievement n.成就
【课文原句】Achievements of climbers
【短语】school achievement 学业成绩 lifetime achievement 终身成就
实现某人的梦想___________________
achieve v.达到,获得
Eg.Mexico achieved independence from Spain in 1821.
【短语】achieve success 取得成功 achieve one's goals 实现目标
Eg.The university has achieved all its goals this year.
southwestern adj. 西南方的
【课文原句】The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.
[注] 表方向的形容词后缀是_________
东北的 ___________________
东南的 ___________________
西北的 ___________________
thick adj. 厚的
【课文原句】Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.
The book is thick. --形容物体的厚度或浓度
She has a thick waist. --形容人的体型或身体特征
There was a thick silence in the room.--形容抽象事物的密度或程度
【反义词】thin adj. 薄的；瘦的
Eg. The air is thinner the higher you go.
freezing adj.极冷的
【课文原句】Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.
[注] freezing是一个形容词，用来描述极低的温度，通常指非常冷的天气或环境。
Freezing weather conditions ________________________
Eg.形容天气或环境--It's freezing outside! I need to wear a heavy coat.
形容食物或饮料--Would you like some freezing cold water
include v. 包括
eg.The cat family includes lions and tigers.
【注】including是介词，其前常用逗号隔开
Eg.I invited everyone to the party, including my friends and family.
She enjoys many outdoor activities, including hiking, camping, and skiing.
condition n. 情况
【短语】working condition 工作环境 in good condition 状态良好
natural condition 自然条件 traffic condition 交通状况，
【AC】air conditioner _____________
take in 吸入
【课文原句】It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
Take in air __________________
[注] take in 是一个短语动词，有多种用法，具体取决于上下文。
理解或吸收信息 It took me a moment to take in the news of his passing
欺骗或欺诈 He was taken in by their promises.
容纳或接纳 The hotel can take in up to 200 guests.
succeed v.成功
【课文原句】 the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.
Succeed in （doing）sth. 在……去取得成就/成功
Eg. He succeeded in overcoming his fear of public speaking.
【同根词】成功 n. _____________________
challenge v.&n.挑战
【课文原句】One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties
【n.】挑战：Learning a new language can be a challenge
【短语】meet the challenge 迎接挑战 take up the challenge 应战
【v.】质疑，反对：Some members challenged the decision, but it was upheld.
挑战：She challenged herself to learn a new skill every month.
挑战某人_____________
in the face of 面对
【短语】in the face of difficulties 面对困难 面临危险_______________
相当于：when facing
When facing difficulties, don't lose heart.
=______________________, don’t lose heart.
force n.力，力量
【课文原句】It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.
The force of nature _________________ the force of wind ________________
【一词多义】v. 强迫
He was forced to resign（辞职）.
[短语] force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事
They force him to take out all his money.
nature n. 自然
He lived in close communion with nature.
【短语】in nature 本质上 human nature 人性 by nature 天生地
【同根词】
natural adj. 自然的
It's natural to feel helpless against such abuse（虐待）.
Naturally adv. 自然地，天生地
She behaved（表现） naturally before the microphone.
even though 即使
【课文原句】Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous
其他表示“即使”的词还有_______________________________________
ocean n.海洋
the Pacific Ocean
【课文原句】No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.
【同根词】oceanic adj.海洋的
oceanic islands海洋岛屿 oceanic fish 海洋鱼类 oceanic climate 海洋性气候
【Ocean VS sea】
ocean 来自英国人的本族语日耳曼语，所以是个通俗用语，可以泛指一般的海洋，比如travel by sea（海上旅行），at the sea（在海上）。 在表示具体一片海域时，sea常表示比较小的海洋,比如the Red Sea（红海）、the Black Sea（黑海）、the North Sea（北海）、the Mediterranean Sea（地中海）
sea ocean来自古典的希腊语，比较文雅，所以是一个书面用语，通常用于文学表达，比如a drop in the ocean（沧海一粟） 在表示具体一片海域时，ocean常表示比较大的海洋，即所谓的“大洋”，比如：the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）、the Atlantic Ocean（大西洋）、the Indian Ocean（印度洋）、the Pacific Ocean（太平洋）, Oceania （大洋洲）
weigh v.重达
【课文原句】Elephant weighs 5.000 kilos.
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.
A . 表达某物重多少重量，直接在weigh后面加上具体的重量即可
Eg.This jar(罐) of honey weighs 350 grams.
翻译：这箱书重达20千克。_____________________________
B.提问重量使用 How much do/does+主语 weigh？
Eg. How much do you weigh, Ross
【同根词】weight n. __________
[短语] lose weight 减肥 gain weight 长胖，增加体重
at birth 出生时
【课文原句】At birth, a baby panda is about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.
Eg. He weighed 10 pounds at birth.
up to 高达，达到
【课文原句】 panda can live up to 30 years
eg. You can invite up to ten guests to the party.
The temperature can reach up to 30 degrees Celsius in the summer.
【注】 "Up to" 可以表示由某人负责或由某人决定
Eg. It's up to you to decide where we go for dinner.
adult adj. 成年人的 n.成年人
【课文原句】An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda.
【短语】
adult school 成人学校 adult education 成人教育
bamboo n. 竹子
Eg. She sometimes uses a bamboo as a stick.
The piece of bamboo makes a musical sound.
【短语】bamboo shoot 竹笋 ____________________ 竹叶
endangered adj. 濒危的
【构词】____+ __________+________
Eg. 14 per cent of primate(灵长的) species are highly endangered.
【短语】endangered species 濒临绝种的动植物 endangered language 濒危语言
_____________________ 濒危动物 highly endangered 高度濒危
research n.&v.研究
【课文原句】It is 8:30 a.m, at the Chengdu Research Base.
【短语】research center ______________ research team ______________
keepers n. 饲养员
【课文原句】Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby panda’s breakfast.
【短语】house keeper 客房服务员 goal keeper_______________
【同根词】keep v. __________________
保持健康 __________________ keep doing sth. _________________
Keep in mind 记住
awake adj. 醒着的
【课文原句】 At 9:00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry.
【短语】stay awake 保持清醒 wide awake 清醒的 be awake 醒着的
【同根词】wake v. _____________________
excitement n.激动
【课文原句】When the babies see the keepers, they run over to them with excitement.
【注】它的同根词你知道哪些？都写下来吧！
___________________________________________________
walk into走路时撞上,走进
【课文原句】Some of the young pandas even walk into their friends and fall over!
Eg. A handsome young man walked into the hall.
撞到某人_____________
fall over 绊倒
【fall相关短语】
Fall down ___________ Be careful not to fall down the stairs.
Fall apart 崩溃，破碎The old house is falling apart.
Fall behind 落后于他人 I need to work harder; I'm falling behind in my studies
Fall in love _____________ They met at university and fell in love
Fall off从某处掉落 The painting fell off the wall.
or so 大约
【课文原句】Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.
Or so 用于表示数量或时间的大致估计。它的意思是 "大约"、"左右" 或 "大概"。
It will take an hour or so to get there.
[注意]要放在表数量或时间的词后面
The package should arrive in a week or so.
【about】也表“大约，大概”但要放在表数量或时间的词前后
There were about twenty people at the party,
1. The meeting will start in half an hour ____________, so please make sure you're on time.
2. She has been studying Spanish for __________ a year now, and she's already quite proficient（熟练的）.
illness n. 疾病
【课文原句】The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long.
【短语】mental illness 心理疾病 serious illness 重大疾病
【illness VS sickness】
illness 是一个更广泛的术语，用来描述身体或精神上的不适或疾病。 She's been suffering from an illness for several weeks
sickness 通常用来指身体上的疾病或不适，而不包括心理上的问题。它还可以指一种感觉，即恶心或呕吐。 He was absent from work due to sickness.
wild adj. 野生的
【课文原句】An education program in Chengdu teaches children about pandas and other endangered wild animals.
【短语】in the wild 在野外 __________________ 野生动物
___________ 野马 ___________________野狗
government n. 政府
【课文原句】And the Chinese government is trying hard to help save the pandas.
【短语】__________________________ 中国政府 local government 地方政府
The government's decision sparked widespread protests."
政府的决定引发了广泛的抗议。
whale n.鲸
【课文原句】Humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil
____________________ 蓝鲸 ___________________ 白鲸
【？】do you know how much an adult whale weigh
翻译：一头成年蓝鲸有多重？___________________________________
一头成年蓝鲸可以重达150多吨(ton)______________________________________________
oil n. 油
【短语】oil field 油田 oil price 油价 oil well 油井
olive oil 橄榄油 vegetable oil __________________
huge adj. 巨大的
Eg. The huge airplane lifted(起飞) from the airport.