树德中学高2022级高二下学期半期考试英语试题
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
＂Don Quijote" by Cervantes Saavedra Much reading and book-learning can drive you to try and become one of the characters in your favorite novels. This is what happens to Don Quixote, who attempts many knightly(骑士) acts while stopped by a world that has rejected knightly virtues. Cervantes combines all three elements-madness, comedy, and fantasy-in between conversations and adventures. ＂A Treatise of Human Nature" by David Hume Examining a scientifically applied moral philosophy is the goal of this Treatise. Building on early complaints against the endless guesses and arguments between philosophers, this work promotes a move away from metaphysical speculation(形而上学的思辨) and a permanent shift toward systems based on observational fact.
＂None" by B. Kovner Einstein's favourite reading during his last few months of his life were humorist stories of B. Kovner, a writer for the Jewish Daily Forward. Kovner wrote a series of humorist stories in Yiddish for the forward. “The Brothers Karamasov" by Dostoevsky In the book, each character is representative of one of the ruling classes. There is the father Fyodor, the landowner who is careless about his land, but greedy in using its produce for himself. There's Dmitri, who has been passed around from house to house. And gentle Alyosha, the mystic peacemaker. Throughout are themes of love, law, and duty, which makes this one of the best Dostoyesky books to read.
21. Which book probably explores the link between science and human nature
A. None B. Don Quijote
C. A Treatise of Human Nature D. The Brothers Karamasov
22. Which of the following contributes to the popularity of The Brothers Karamasov
A. Rich imagination. B. Humor applied to writing.
C. Themes of love,law and duty. D. Characters representing ruling classes.
23. What's the purpose of the passage
A. To inform readers of the books. B. To share studies of the books.
C. To evaluate the contents of the books. D. To compare the features of the books.
B
I used to believe that only words could catch the essence of the human soul. The literary works contained such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the world. Words were what composed the questions we sought to uncover and the answers to those questions themselves. Words were everything.
That belief changed.
In an ordinary math class, my teacher posed a simple question: What’s 0.99 rounded to the nearest whole number Easy. When rounded to the nearest whole number, 0.99=1. Somehow, I thought even though 0.99 is only 0.01 away from 1, there’s still a 0.01 difference. That means even if two things are only a little different, they are still different, so doesn’t that make them completely different
My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation (等式): 1= 0.9, which could also be expressed as 1=0.99999.... repeating itself without ever ending.
There was something mysterious but fascinating about the equation. The left side was unchangeable, objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet, somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign.
Lying in bed, I thought about how much the equation paralleled our existence. The left side of the equation represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so clear. The concrete, whole number of the day when you were born and the day when you would die. But then there is that gap in between life and death. The right side means a time and space full of limitless possibilities, and endless opportunities into the open future.
So that’s what life is. Objective but imaginative. Unchangeable but limitless. Life is an equation with two sides that balances itsef out. Still, we can’t ever truly seem to put the perfect words to it. So possibly numbers can express ideas as eually well as words can. For now, let’s leave it at that: 1= 0.99999... and live a life like it.
24. What does the author emphasize about words in paragraph 1
A. Their wide variety. B. Their literary origins.
C. Their distinct sounds. D. Their expressive power.
25. What made the author find the equation fascinating
A. The repetition of a number. B. The way two different numbers are equal.
C. The question the teacher raised. D. The difference between the two numbers.
26. Which of the fllowing can replace the underlined word “paralleled” in paragraph 6
A. Measured. B. Composed. C. Mirrored. D. Influenced.
27. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Perfect Equation B. Numbers Build Equations
C. An Attractive Question D. Words Outperform Numbers
C
Recently it has dawned on the government that closing more than 1,000 of England’s railway station ticket offices would not be very smart politics.The transport secretary, Mark Harper,announced that train operators had been asked to withdraw the cost-cutting strategy, which the government itself had originally pushed on them.The writing was already on the wall in the summer,when public anger led to an extension of the consultation period on the proposed closures.By the time it ended,750,000 responses had been recorded,99%of them negative.
The public’s concerns were over future access to travel advice and information,assistance for disabled people,safety at understaffed stations,and consequences for the digitally excluded. But the passionate opposition also underlined a widespread sense that railway stations must be more than transit(交通)bined with a reformed ticketing system,that insight should now inform a positive approach to breathing life into England’s railways and attracting more people back on to trains.
As a report published this autumn by the Campaign for Better Transport sets out,there is an urgent case for fairer ticketing reform across the network.For over a decade,the relative cost of taking the train rather than the car has skyrocketed,as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frozen.Over a third of the public are confused by the numerous types of ticket available,and the complex regulations that apply to them.Why should an anytime return from Chelmsford to London cost &32.60,when to cover the same distance from Grays to London costs E 13.40
The failed attempt to shut down ticket offices had its roots in a short-term ministerial response to falling revenues(收入).But as the country strives to achieve a challenging green transition,the government should work to establish a simpler,fairer ticketing system that offers imaginative rewards to take the train;and to develop an ambitious plan for our stations —one that reflects their important role in the lives of the travelling public.
28. What does the underlined words in the first paragraph probably mean
A. The public expressed their anger.
B. The proposal was put up on a wall.
C. Unfavorable outcome was expected.
D. The government adopted the policy.
29. What can be inferred about England’s railways
A. They have expanded their services.
B. They have undergone ticketing reform.
C. They have included more transit zones.
D. They have seen a decline in public favor.
30. What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on
A. The popularity of car ownership.
B. The development of ticketing reform.
C. The problems of the ticketing system.
D. The application of complex regulations.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. Rising Prices of Train Travel
B. Urgent Calls for Rail Revival
C. Failed Closure of Railway Stations
D. Tough Route to Green Transit Initiatives
D
Dreams have fascinated people for thousands of years, yet we struggle to understand their purpose. A more recent theory suggests nighttime dreams protect visual areas of the brain from being taken over during sleep by other sensory functions, such as hearing or touch.
David Eagle-man, a neuroscience at Stanford University, has proposed the idea that dreaming is necessary to protect the visual cortex (大脑皮层)—the part of the brain responsible for processing vision. He argues that neurons (神经元) compete for survival. The brain, Eagle-man explains, distributes its resources by “implementing a do-or-die competition” for brain territory in which sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift.” Eagle-man points to people who lose sight or hearing. They show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses because the region of the brain normally used by the lost sense is taken over by other senses.
When you sleep, you can smell, hear and feel, but visual information is absent —except during REM sleep. About 90 minutes after drifting off to sleep, you enter REM. It begins when neurons in your brain stem signal the beginning of two important tasks. Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze major muscles, preventing the sleeper from acting out what is happening in the dream. Also, these brain cells send messages directly to the visual cortex, which starts the dreaming process. Scans of dreaming people show most of the brain activity associated with REM is within the visual cortex. Dreams are the brain’s way of fighting takeover from other senses, according to Eagle-man.
Eagle-man says that his theory can accommodate other explanations for dreams and that REM sleep may serve many purposes besides protecting the visual cortex. Think of dreaming like a computer screen saver that is set to go off every 90 minutes —except that instead of protecting against frozen images, dreams prevent the visual cortex from being occupied by other functions.
32. What is Eagle-man’s primary theory about dreams
A. They strengthen sensory functions. B. They process emotional experiences.
C. They safeguard certain brain territory. D. They heighten visual responsiveness.
33. How does Eagle-man interpret neurons’ activity regarding resource distribution
A. Precise selection. B. Desperate struggle. C. Rapid adaptation. D. Harmonious balance.
34. What do we know about REM sleep
A. It lasts for about 90 minutes. B. It consists of two critical stages.
C. It allows sleepers to act out their dreams. D. It starts with brain stem’s signaling process.
35 Why are dreams compared to a computer screen saver
A. To show their creative aspect. B. To highlight their randomness.
C. To signify their repetitive nature. D. To illustrate their protective function.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Once,I had an American friend.After she went back home,I never heard from her again.I can't help but wonder if there can ever be real friendship between Westerners and us Chinese.
What is friendship The Oxford English Dictionary says,"The emotions or conduct of friends."In both Western and Chinese culture,we have similar proverbs when it comes to friendship,such as"a friend in need is a friend indeed."___36___
Chinese people value friendship highly.As you know,Chinese people are known to be extremely hospitable and open-hearted.___37___ However,there are different types of friend ship and they treat them differently.
One type of friend in China is a"close acquaintance"who only occasionally eats and drinks and hangs out with you.In the West,they are called"a fair-weather(不可共患难的）friend."Nikki was that kind of friend.Despite our language barrier,we had a lot of fun together..____38____ Only real friends can enter your inner circle,where assistance and special care are always provided.
______39______ They tend to make friends with those who share the same values or interests.When foreign friend of mine asks for favors on behalf of his or her friend,I often have to clarify whether that person is a"close friend"or just a friend,and then I will decide how much I will help.
_______40_______ But the depth of that friendship is different.So how will you know how l feel ab out you Well,the moment I stop being polite around you,you are my real friend.
A. They refer to anyone they know as a"friend."
B. Friendship in the West is mostly pursued for fun.
C. However,there is a cultural gap between the two sides.
D. Of course,Westerners and Chinese people can be good friends.
E. Real friends can share all our sorrows and double all our joys.
F. The second type of friend in China is a"real friend"who is practically your family.
G. They'll take turns with you in picking up the bill,because that's what good friends do.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Black people left the South for multiple reasons, including severe Jim Crow laws that denied black people their civil rights and economic conditions that made advancement next to impossible. They saw ___41___ for them to get in northern cities, where workers were needed during labor shortages ___42___ by World War I. Between 1915 and about 1960, northern industrial cities ___43___ five million black people, becoming majority black.
Many went to the northern city of Harlem - a New York neighborhood that had once been a rural ___44___ white area. During a real estate crash at the turn of the 20th century, the ___45___ of property became more willing to rent to black renters. Property values then ___46___ as white residents attempted to offload their real estate and move away. ___47___, the area became majority black, and Harlem tuned into an attraction for migrants ___48___ economic chance and a rich cultural and social life.
These ___49___ weren’t just from the American South: A group of people came from Caribbean countries like Jamaica, Antigua, and Trinidad, ____50____ economic downturns because of the decline of sugar prices throughout the West Indies.
That cultural ____51____ stimulated new types of expression and thought. Promoted by black churches and businesses, Harlem ____52____ life. There, a poor black worker could brush ____53____ with educated, wealthy black residents. They could take part in entertainment by black people, for black people. The Jamaica - born black, Marcus Garvey, even ____54____ the Universal Negro Improvement Association to ____55____ racial pride and economic independence.
41. A. guilt B. ability C. electricity D. opportunity
42. A. caused B. stopped C. changed D. improved
43. A. adjusted B. absorbed C. abandoned D. advertised
44. A. empty B. hungry C. wealthy D. temporary
45. A. owners B. creators C. donators D. consumers
46. A. dropped B. recovered C. doubled D. exploded
47. A. Enormously B. Eventually C. Especially D. Exceptionally
48. A. in charge of B. in defence of C. in advance of D. in search of
49. A. travelers B. defenders C. entertainers D. newcomers
50. A. researching B. observing C. escaping D. exploring
51. A. mixture B. future C. adventure D. departure
52. A. was bored with B. was filled with C. was loaded with D. was decorated with
53. A. arms B. faces C. hands D. shoulders
54. A. accused B. founded C. discovered D. certificated
55. A. judge B. control C. support D. forgive
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). ____56____ (cover) an area about three times ____57____ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ____58____ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ____59____ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ____60____ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ____61____ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and ____62____ (home) of giant pandas, and ____63____(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ____64____ an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，上个月你和外国朋友 Shawn 一起参加了“打卡蓉城”的 City Walk 活动。他回国后给你发来了照片，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 感谢分享照片；
2. 回顾活动时光；
3. 邀请来蓉再聚。
注意:
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: 打卡蓉城 Check out Rongcheng
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My 11-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, started to talk about quitting swimming, which broke my heart because she loves swimming. So when the swim season began, I cut a deal with her. She would practice three times a week and try really hard. I wouldn't make her compete in the swim meets. Elizabeth does not like swim meets. She gets horribly nervous but not because she wants to win. She doesn't care if she wins.
Recently, Elizabeth's team announced a special swim night： Members 11 and older would swim a timed 50 meters relay. It wasn't exactly a meet, because it would involve only team members. That was my view. Elizabeth argued that it absolutely was a meet because there would be races. I told Elizabeth I really wanted her to go. She fought back angrily but finally agreed.
When the day of the special swim night arrived Elizabeth was nervous. She was the youngest person and shorter by at least a foot than most of the other kids. She panicked when it was time for the T-shirt relay. The relay works like this： One person from each relay team puts on a T-shirt, a pair of socks and a swim cap； swims 50 meters; and gets out of the pool. She takes off the clothes and puts them on the next person, who then swims 50 meters. This continues until everyone on the team has completed a lap.
Then it was Elizabeth's turn to swim. She seemed to swim faster in the T-shirt and socks than she did when she wasn't wearing them. Approaching the halfway mark, Elizabeth was in the lead. Suddenly, somebody noticed that one of Elizabeth's socks had fallen off and was floating （漂）in the pool. "She has to get that sock on before the end of the race," a swimming official told Elizabeth's team, “or you will be disqualified.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2 ,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Everybody on her team started screaming “Elizabeth! Get the sock!”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the ride home, she shared her moment of winning again and again.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________树德中学高2022级高二下学期半期考试英语试题
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
＂Don Quijote" by Cervantes Saavedra Much reading and book-learning can drive you to try and become one of the characters in your favorite novels. This is what happens to Don Quixote, who attempts many knightly(骑士) acts while stopped by a world that has rejected knightly virtues. Cervantes combines all three elements-madness, comedy, and fantasy-in between conversations and adventures. ＂A Treatise of Human Nature" by David Hume Examining a scientifically applied moral philosophy is the goal of this Treatise. Building on early complaints against the endless guesses and arguments between philosophers, this work promotes a move away from metaphysical speculation(形而上学的思辨) and a permanent shift toward systems based on observational fact.
＂None" by B. Kovner Einstein's favourite reading during his last few months of his life were humorist stories of B. Kovner, a writer for the Jewish Daily Forward. Kovner wrote a series of humorist stories in Yiddish for the forward. “The Brothers Karamasov" by Dostoevsky In the book, each character is representative of one of the ruling classes. There is the father Fyodor, the landowner who is careless about his land, but greedy in using its produce for himself. There's Dmitri, who has been passed around from house to house. And gentle Alyosha, the mystic peacemaker. Throughout are themes of love, law, and duty, which makes this one of the best Dostoyesky books to read.
21. Which book probably explores the link between science and human nature
A. None B. Don Quijote
C. A Treatise of Human Nature D. The Brothers Karamasov
22. Which of the following contributes to the popularity of The Brothers Karamasov
A. Rich imagination. B. Humor applied to writing.
C. Themes of love,law and duty. D. Characters representing ruling classes.
23. What's the purpose of the passage
A. To inform readers of the books. B. To share studies of the books.
C. To evaluate the contents of the books. D. To compare the features of the books.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书，介绍了书的作者，大概内容等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A Treatise of Human Nature" by David Hume部分中Examining a scientifically applied moral philosophy is the goal of this Treatise.可知检验被科学所适用的道德哲学是本书的目标。由此可知，A Treatise of Human Nature可能探究了科学和人性之间的联系。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Brothers Karamasov" by Dostoevsky部分中Throughout are themes oflove, law, and duty, which makes this one of the best Dostoyesky books to read.可知贯穿全书的主题是爱、法律和责任，这使它成为陀思妥耶夫斯基最好的书之一。由此可知，书的主题是爱、法律和责任，是促成The Brothers Karamasov这本书受欢迎的因素。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍了四本书，介绍了书的作者，大概内容等信息。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是告诉读者书的内容。故选A。
B
I used to believe that only words could catch the essence of the human soul The literary works contained such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the world. Words were what composed the questions we sought to uncover and the answers to those questions themselves. Words were everything.
That belief changed.
In an ordinary math class, my teacher posed a simple question: What’s 0.99 rounded to the nearest whole number Easy. When rounded to the nearest whole number, 0.99=1. Somehow, I thought even though 0.99 is only 0.01 away from 1, there’s still a 0.01 difference. That means even if two things are only a little different, they are still different, so doesn’t that make them completely different
My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation (等式): 1= 0.9, which could also be expressed as 1=0.99999.... repeating itself without ever ending.
There was something mysterious but fascinating about the equation. The left side was unchangeable, objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet, somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign.
Lying in bed, I thought about how much the equation paralleled our existence. The left side of the equation represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so clear. The concrete, whole number of the day when you were born and the day when you would die. But then there is that gap in between life and death. The right side means a time and space full of limitless possibilities, and endless opportunities into the open future.
So that’s what life is. Objective but imaginative. Unchangeable but limitless. Life is an equation with two sides that balances itsef out. Still, we can’t ever truly seem to put the perfect words to it. So possibly numbers can express ideas as eually well as words can. For now, let’s leave it at that: 1= 0.99999... and live a life like it.
24. What does the author emphasize about words in paragraph 1
A. Their wide variety. B. Their literary origins.
C. Their distinct sounds. D. Their expressive power.
25. What made the author find the equation fascinating
A. The repetition of a number. B. The way two different numbers are equal.
C. The question the teacher raised. D. The difference between the two numbers.
26. Which of the fllowing can replace the underlined word “paralleled” in paragraph 6
A. Measured. B. Composed. C. Mirrored. D. Influenced.
27. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Perfect Equation B. Numbers Build Equations
C. An Attractive Question D. Words Outperform Numbers
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“I used to believe that only words could catch the essence of the human soul. The literary works contained such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the world. Words were what composed the questions we sought to uncover and the answers to those questions themselves.(我曾经相信，只有语言才能捕捉到人类灵魂的本质。文学作品包含了如此独特的故事，它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我们试图揭示的问题，以及这些问题本身的答案)”可推知，在第一段作者主要强调了语言的表达力量，故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“There was something mysterious but fascinating about the equation. The left side was unchangeable, objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet, somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign.(这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，作者觉得这个等式很迷人，因为数字虽然不同，但是却被等号连接起来了。由此推知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不同的数相等的方式。故选B。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“The left side of the equation represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so clear. The concrete, whole number of the day when you were born and the day when you would die. But then there is that gap in between life and death.(等式的左边表示有时候生命本身是如此的不可改变，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具体整数。但是生与死之间有一段距离)”可知，作者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相似，划线词paralleled的意思是“与……十分相似”，和mirrored意思相近，故选C。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation (等式): 1= 0.9, which could also be expressed as 1=0.99999.... repeating itself without ever ending.(我的老师给出了另一个等式：1= 0.9，也可以表示为1=0.99999……不断重复，没有尽头)”和第五段“There was something mysterious but fascinating about the equation. The left side was unchangeable, objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet, somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign.(这个等式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是A选项“The Perfect Equation(完美的等式)”。故选A。
C
Recently it has dawned on the government that closing more than 1,000 of England’s railway station ticket offices would not be very smart politics.The transport secretary, Mark Harper,announced that train operators had been asked to withdraw the cost-cutting strategy, which the government itself had originally pushed on them.The writing was already on the wall in the summer,when public anger led to an extension of the consultation period on the proposed closures.By the time it ended,750,000 responses had been recorded,99%of them negative.
The public’s concerns were over future access to travel advice and information,assistance for disabled people,safety at understaffed stations,and consequences for the digitally excluded. But the passionate opposition also underlined a widespread sense that railway stations must be more than transit(交通)bined with a reformed ticketing system,that insight should now inform a positive approach to breathing life into England’s railways and attracting more people back on to trains.
As a report published this autumn by the Campaign for Better Transport sets out,there is an urgent case for fairer ticketing reform across the network.For over a decade,the relative cost of taking the train rather than the car has skyrocketed,as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frozen.Over a third of the public are confused by the numerous types of ticket available,and the complex regulations that apply to them.Why should an anytime return from Chelmsford to London cost &32.60,when to cover the same distance from Grays to London costs E 13.40
The failed attempt to shut down ticket offices had its roots in a short-term ministerial response to falling revenues(收入).But as the country strives to achieve a challenging green transition,the government should work to establish a simpler,fairer ticketing system that offers imaginative rewards to take the train;and to develop an ambitious plan for our stations —one that reflects their important role in the lives of the travelling public.
28. What does the underlined words in the first paragraph probably mean
A. The public expressed their anger.
B. The proposal was put up on a wall.
C. Unfavorable outcome was expected.
D The government adopted the policy.
29. What can be inferred about England’s railways
A. They have expanded their services.
B. They have undergone ticketing reform.
C. They have included more transit zones.
D. They have seen a decline in public favor.
30. What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on
A. The popularity of car ownership.
B. The development of ticketing reform.
C. The problems of the ticketing system.
D. The application of complex regulations.
31. What is the best title for the text
A. Rising Prices of Train Travel
B. Urgent Calls for Rail Revival
C. Failed Closure of Railway Stations
D. Tough Route to Green Transit Initiatives
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍英国火车站售票系统需要改革以吸引更多人乘坐火车出行。
【详解】1. 词句猜测题。根据划线句上文“Recently it has dawned on the government that closing more than 1,000 of England’s railway station ticket offices would not be very smart politics.(最近，英国政府意识到，关闭英国1000多个火车站售票处并不是一个明智的政治决策)”及下文“when public anger led to an extension of the consultation period on the proposed closures(当公众的愤怒导致建议关闭的咨询期延长时)”及“By the time it ended,750,000 responses had been recorded,99%of them negative.(到调查结束时，已经收到了75万条反馈，其中99%是否定的)”可知，这项决议没有得到支持，划线句意思为：不好的结果出现了，与C选项“预料到会出现不利结果”意思相近。故选C项。
2. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Combined with a reformed ticketing system,that insight should now inform a positive approach to breathing life into England’s railways and attracting more people back on to trains.(与改革后的票务系统相结合，这种见解现在应该为英格兰铁路注入活力并吸引更多的人重返火车提供积极的途径)”可推知，英国铁路系统的支持人数下降了。故选D项。
3. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“As a report published this autumn by the Campaign for Better Transport sets out,there is an urgent case for fairer ticketing reform across the network.For over a decade,the relative cost of taking the train rather than the car has skyrocketed,as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frozen.Over a third of the public are confused by the numerous types of ticket available,and the complex regulations that apply to them.(正如“改善交通运动”今年秋天发布的一份报告所指出的，在整个铁路网络中，迫切需要进行更公平的票务改革。十多年来，乘坐火车而不是汽车的相对成本一直在飙升，因为票价上涨了，而燃油税却保持不变。超过三分之一的公众对种类繁多的车票以及适用于这些车票的复杂规定感到困惑)”可知，本段主要讲述现在的票价不合理，且票价类型也很令人困惑，即描述了票务系统的问题。故选C项。
4. 主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是最后一段“But as the country strives to achieve a challenging green transition,the government should work to establish a simpler,fairer ticketing system that offers imaginative rewards to take the train;and to develop an ambitious plan for our stations —one that reflects their important role in the lives of the travelling public.(但是，随着国家努力实现具有挑战性的绿色转型，政府应该努力建立一个更简单、更公平的票务系统，为乘坐火车的人提供富有想象力的奖励;并为我们的车站制定一个雄心勃勃的计划——一个反映它们在旅行公众生活中的重要作用的计划)”可知，本文主要介绍英国铁路票价及售票系统的问题，以及为了吸引更多人乘坐火车绿色出行所提出的改革措施。B选项“铁路复兴的紧急呼吁”适合最为最佳标题。故选B项。
D
Dreams have fascinated people for thousands of years, yet we struggle to understand their purpose. A more recent theory suggests nighttime dreams protect visual areas of the brain from being taken over during sleep by other sensory functions, such as hearing or touch.
David Eagle-man, a neuroscience at Stanford University, has proposed the idea that dreaming is necessary to protect the visual cortex (大脑皮层)—the part of the brain responsible for processing vision. He argues that neurons (神经元) compete for survival. The brain, Eagle-man explains, distributes its resources by “implementing a do-or-die competition” for brain territory in which sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift.” Eagle-man points to people who lose sight or hearing. They show heightened sensitivity in the remaining senses because the region of the brain normally used by the lost sense is taken over by other senses.
When you sleep, you can smell, hear and feel, but visual information is absent —except during REM sleep. About 90 minutes after drifting off to sleep, you enter REM. It begins when neurons in your brain stem signal the beginning of two important tasks. Activity of these neurons, for one, paralyze major muscles, preventing the sleeper from acting out what is happening in the dream. Also, these brain cells send messages directly to the visual cortex, which starts the dreaming process. Scans of dreaming people show most of the brain activity associated with REM is within the visual cortex. Dreams are the brain’s way of fighting takeover from other senses, according to Eagle-man.
Eagle-man says that his theory can accommodate other explanations for dreams and that REM sleep may serve many purposes besides protecting the visual cortex. Think of dreaming like a computer screen saver that is set to go off every 90 minutes —except that instead of protecting against frozen images, dreams prevent the visual cortex from being occupied by other functions.
32. What is Eagle-man’s primary theory about dreams
A. They strengthen sensory functions. B. They process emotional experiences.
C. They safeguard certain brain territory. D. They heighten visual responsiveness.
33. How does Eagle-man interpret neurons’ activity regarding resource distribution
A. Precise selection. B. Desperate struggle. C. Rapid adaptation. D. Harmonious balance.
34. What do we know about REM sleep
A. It lasts for about 90 minutes. B. It consists of two critical stages.
C. It allows sleepers to act out their dreams. D. It starts with brain stem’s signaling process.
35. Why are dreams compared to a computer screen saver
A. To show their creative aspect. B. To highlight their randomness.
C. To signify their repetitive nature. D. To illustrate their protective function.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近的一项理论认为，夜间做梦可以保护大脑的视觉区域，使其在睡眠中不被听觉或触觉等其他感官功能接管。文章主要介绍了人为什么要做梦。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A more recent theory suggests nighttime dreams protect visual areas of the brain from being taken over during sleep by other sensory functions, such as hearing or touch.(最近的一项理论认为，夜间做梦可以保护大脑的视觉区域，使其在睡眠中不被听觉或触觉等其他感官功能接管)”可知，人做梦是为了防止大脑的视觉区域被其他感官控制。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“He argues that neurons (神经元) compete for survival. The brain, Eagle-man explains, distributes its resources by “implementing a do-or-die competition” for brain territory in which sensory areas “gain or lose neural territory when inputs slow, stop or shift.”(他认为神经元为生存而竞争。伊格尔曼解释说，大脑通过“一场生死竞争”来分配它的资源，在这种竞争中，当输入变慢、停止或转移时，感觉区域“获得或失去神经区域”)”可知，Eagle-man认为神经元为资源分配而努力竞争。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Also, these brain cells send messages directly to the visual cortex, which starts the dreaming process.(同时，这些脑细胞直接向视觉皮层发送信息，从而开始做梦的过程)”可知，快速眼动睡眠从脑干的信号传导过程开始。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Eagle-man says that his theory can accommodate other explanations for dreams and that REM sleep may serve many purposes besides protecting the visual cortex. Think of dreaming like a computer screen saver that is set to go off every 90 minutes —except that instead of protecting against frozen images, dreams prevent the visual cortex from being occupied by other functions.(伊格尔曼说，他的理论可以适应对梦的其他解释，除了保护视觉皮层外，快速眼动睡眠可能还有许多用途。把梦想象成每隔90分钟响起一次的电脑屏幕保护程序——只不过梦不是防止画面凝固，而是防止视觉皮层被其他功能占用)”可知，电脑屏保的作用和梦的作用一样。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Once,I had an American friend.After she went back home,I never heard from her again.I can't help but wonder if there can ever be real friendship between Westerners and us Chinese.
What is friendship The Oxford English Dictionary says,"The emotions or conduct of friends."In both Western and Chinese culture,we have similar proverbs when it comes to friendship,such as"a friend in need is a friend indeed."___36___
Chinese people value friendship highly.As you know,Chinese people are known to be extremely hospitable and open-hearted.___37___ However,there are different types of friend ship and they treat them differently.
One type of friend in China is a"close acquaintance"who only occasionally eats and drinks and hangs out with you.In the West,they are called"a fair-weather(不可共患难的）friend."Nikki was that kind of friend.Despite our language barrier,we had a lot of fun together..____38____ Only real friends can enter your inner circle,where assistance and special care are always provided.
______39______ They tend to make friends with those who share the same values or interests.When foreign friend of mine asks for favors on behalf of his or her friend,I often have to clarify whether that person is a"close friend"or just a friend,and then I will decide how much I will help.
_______40_______ But the depth of that friendship is different.So how will you know how l feel ab out you Well,the moment I stop being polite around you,you are my real friend.
A. They refer to anyone they know as a"friend."
B. Friendship in the West is mostly pursued for fun.
C. However,there is a cultural gap between the two sides.
D. Of course,Westerners and Chinese people can be good friends.
E. Real friends can share all our sorrows and double all our joys.
F. The second type of friend in China is a"real friend"who is practically your family.
G. They'll take turns with you in picking up the bill,because that's what good friends do.
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. F 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中西方在友谊文化上的差距。
【36题详解】
根据前一句“In both Western and Chinese culture, we have similar proverbs when it comes to friendship, such as ‘a friend in need is a friend indeed.’”可知，在中西方文化中，我们在友谊方面有类似的谚语，比如“患难与共”。C项“然而，双方在文化上存在差距”承上启下，C项中的“the two sides”和上文“In both Western and Chinese culture”相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。
【37题详解】
根据前一句“As you know, Chinese people are known to be extremely hospitable and open-hearted.”可知，众所周知，中国人非常好客，心胸开阔。A项“他们把认识的人称为’朋友’”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据上文的“One type of friend in China is a "close acquaintance" who only occasionally eats and drinks and hangs out with you.”可知，在中国，有一种朋友是“亲密的熟人”，只会偶尔和你一起吃喝喝和闲逛。F项“中国的第二类朋友是“真正的朋友”，实际上就是你的家人”承上启下，F项中的“The second type of friend in China”和上文的“One type of friend in China”相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据后一句“They tend to make friends with those who share the same values or interests.”可知，他们倾向于与那些价值观或兴趣相同的人交朋友。B项“西方的友谊主要是为了好玩” 与下文紧密衔接，B项中的“for fun”和下文的“share the same values or interests”相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
【40题详解】
根据后一句“But the depth of that friendship is different.”可知，但这种友谊的深度是不同的。D项“当然，西方人和中国人可以成为好朋友”与下文紧密衔接，D项中的“can be good friends”和下文的“that friendship”相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Black people left the South for multiple reasons, including severe Jim Crow laws that denied black people their civil rights and economic conditions that made advancement next to impossible. They saw ___41___ for them to get in northern cities, where workers were needed during labor shortages ___42___ by World War I. Between 1915 and about 1960, northern industrial cities ___43___ five million black people, becoming majority black.
Many went to the northern city of Harlem - a New York neighborhood that had once been a rural ___44___ white area. During a real estate crash at the turn of the 20th century, the ___45___ of property became more willing to rent to black renters. Property values then ___46___ as white residents attempted to offload their real estate and move away. ___47___, the area became majority black, and Harlem tuned into an attraction for migrants ___48___ economic chance and a rich cultural and social life.
These ___49___ weren’t just from the American South: A group of people came from Caribbean countries like Jamaica, Antigua, and Trinidad, ____50____ economic downturns because of the decline of sugar prices throughout the West Indies.
That cultural ____51____ stimulated new types of expression and thought. Promoted by black churches and businesses, Harlem ____52____ life. There, a poor black worker could brush ____53____ with educated, wealthy black residents. They could take part in entertainment by black people, for black people. The Jamaica - born black, Marcus Garvey, even ____54____ the Universal Negro Improvement Association to ____55____ racial pride and economic independence.
41. A. guilt B. ability C. electricity D. opportunity
42. A. caused B. stopped C. changed D. improved
43. A. adjusted B. absorbed C. abandoned D. advertised
44. A. empty B. hungry C. wealthy D. temporary
45. A. owners B. creators C. donators D. consumers
46. A. dropped B. recovered C. doubled D. exploded
47. A. Enormously B. Eventually C. Especially D. Exceptionally
48. A. in charge of B. in defence of C. in advance of D. in search of
49. A. travelers B. defenders C. entertainers D. newcomers
50. A. researching B. observing C. escaping D. exploring
51. A. mixture B. future C. adventure D. departure
52. A. was bored with B. was filled with C. was loaded with D. was decorated with
53. A. arms B. faces C. hands D. shoulders
54. A. accused B. founded C. discovered D. certificated
55. A. judge B. control C. support D. forgive
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一战后，美国南方黑人大量涌入北方工业城市的原因以及黑人到来后文化的融合激发了新的表达方式和思想。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们看到了进入北方城市的机会，在第一次世界大战造成的劳动力短缺期间，北方城市需要工人。A. guilt内疚，罪行；B. ability能力；C. electricity电力；D. opportunity机会。根据“where workers were needed during labor shortages”可知，在第一次世界大战造成的劳动力短缺期间，他们看到了进入北方城市的机会。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. caused导致，引起；B. stopped停止；C. changed改变；D. improved提高，改善。根据“by World War I”可知，第一次世界大战造成的劳动力短缺。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在1915年到1960年之间，北方工业城市接纳了500万黑人，其中大多数是黑人。A. adjusted调整；B. absorbed使并入，同化；C. abandoned废弃；D. advertised做广告。根据“where workers were needed during labor shortages”和“five million black people”可知，由于劳动力短缺，北方工业城市接纳了500万黑人。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人去了北部城市哈莱姆，这里曾经是一个富裕的白人农村地区。A. empty空的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. wealthy富有的；D. temporary短暂的。根据“white area”可知，这里曾经是一个富裕的白人农村地区。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪初的房地产崩盘期间，房产所有者变得更愿意把房子租给黑人租客。A. owners主人；B. creators创造者；C. donators捐赠者；D. consumers消费者。根据“became more willing to rent to black renters.”可知，房产所有者变得更愿意把房子租给黑人租客。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，由于白人居民试图抛售他们的房产并搬走，房产价值下跌。A. dropped使落下；B. recovered恢复；C. doubled使加倍；D. exploded爆炸。根据“as white residents attempted to offload their real estate and move away.”可知，由于白人居民试图抛售他们的房产并搬走，房产价值下跌。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，这个地区变成了黑人占多数的地方，哈莱姆成为了吸引移民的地方，他们来这里寻找经济机会，享受丰富的文化和社会生活。A. Enormously非常，极其；B. Eventually最终；C. Especially尤其，特别；D. Exceptionally例外地。根据“During a real estate crash at the turn of the 20th century, the ___5___ of property became more willing to rent to black renters.”可知，由于白人把房子租给大量涌入的黑人租客，最终，这个地区变成了黑人占多数的地方。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. in charge of负责，主管；B. in defence of为……辩护，保卫；C. in advance of超过，在……前面；D. in search of寻找。根据“economic chance”可知，黑人来这里寻找经济机会。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些新移民不仅仅来自美国南部：一群人来自加勒比海国家，如牙买加、安提瓜岛和特立尼达，因为整个西印度群岛的糖价格下降，他们逃离了经济衰退。A. travelers旅行者；B. defenders防御者，守卫者；C. entertainers表演者；D. newcomers新来者。根据上文“Between 1915 and about 1960, northern industrial cities ___3___ five million black people, becoming majority black.”可知，大量黑人为了寻找工作机会来到北方工业城市，他们成为了新移民。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. researching研究，调查；B. observing观察；C. escaping逃跑；D. exploring探索。根据“economic downturns because of the decline of sugar prices throughout the West Indies.”可知，为了逃离经济衰退，一些新移民来到北方工业城市。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种文化的融合激发了新的表达方式和思想。A. mixture混合；B. future未来，将来；C. adventure冒险；D. departure离开，出发。根据“These ___9___ weren't just from the American South: A group of people came from Caribbean countries like Jamaica, Antigua, and Trinidad”可知，这些新移民不仅仅来自美国南部：一群人来自加勒比海国家，如牙买加、安提瓜岛和特立尼达，由于这些人的到来形成了文化的融合。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在黑人教堂和企业的推动下，哈莱姆充满了生机。A. was bored with对……感到研发；B. was filled with充满；C. was loaded with装着；D. was decorated with用……装饰。根据“Promoted by black churches and businesses”可知，在黑人教堂和企业的推动下，哈莱姆充满了生机。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，一个贫穷的黑人工人可以与受过教育、富有的黑人居民擦肩而过。A. arms手臂；B. faces脸；C. hands手；D. shoulders肩膀。根据上文“That cultural ___11___ stimulated new types of expression and thought.”可知，由于文化的融合激发了新的表达方式和思想，一个贫穷的黑人工人可以与受过教育、富有的黑人居民擦肩而过。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：牙买加出生的黑人马库斯·加维甚至成立了世界黑人改善协会，以支持种族自豪感和经济独立。A. accused控告，谴责；B. founded建立；C. discovered发现；D. certificated认证。根据“the Universal Negro Improvement Association”可知，黑人马库斯·加维甚至成立了世界黑人改善协会。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. judge评判；B. control控制；C. support支持；D. forgive原谅。根据“racial pride and economic independence.”可知，世界黑人改善协会的成立是为了支持种族自豪感和经济独立。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). ____56____ (cover) an area about three times ____57____ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ____58____ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ____59____ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ____60____ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ____61____ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and ____62____ (home) of giant pandas, and ____63____(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ____64____ an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【答案】56. Covering
57. the 58. were
59. to increase
60. is designed
61. and 62. homes
63. eventually
64. as 65. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府最近敲定了建立大熊猫国家公园（GPNP）的计划。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。
【58题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。
【60题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【62题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。此处应用名词home作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数表示泛指，故填homes。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处后为动词achieve，空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve，结合语意可知，此处意为“最终”，应用副词eventually。故填eventually。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语serve as，意为“充当”，故空处应填介词as。故填as。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知，空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词，指代先行词species，指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有all修饰，故只能用关系代词that。故填that。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，上个月你和外国朋友 Shawn 一起参加了“打卡蓉城”的 City Walk 活动。他回国后给你发来了照片，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 感谢分享照片；
2. 回顾活动时光；
3. 邀请来蓉再聚。
注意:
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: 打卡蓉城 Check out Rongcheng
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Shawn,
Hope this message finds you well. I want to express my sincere appreciation for your prompt sharing of the photos that bring back the cherished memories we’ve created together.
Last month, our exploring the event themed “Check out Rongcheng” was an unforgettable experience. Wandering through its renowned destinations, such as the romantic Jiuyanqiao Bridge across the Jinjiang River, the picturesque Tianfu Greenway around the city, as well as the Broad and Narrow Alley featuring the local leisure life, left a lasting impression on my memory.
With the summer vacation approaching, I would like to invite you to come again, should your schedule permit. It would be an absolute delight to have you here, allowing us to further immerse ourselves in the many attractions Chengdu has to offer. I’m looking forward to your visit.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给与自己一起参加了“打卡蓉城”的 City Walk 活动的外国朋友 Shawn写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→convey
真诚的：sincere→genuine
有名的：renowned→famous
难忘的：unforgettable→memorable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last month, our exploring the event themed “Check out Rongcheng” was an unforgettable experience.
拓展句：Last month, our exploring the event which was themed “Check out Rongcheng” was an unforgettable experience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I want to express my sincere appreciation for your prompt sharing of the photos that bring back the cherished memories we’ve created together.(运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和省略关系词引导的定语从句)
高分句型2】Wandering through its renowned destinations, such as the romantic Jiuyanqiao Bridge across the Jinjiang River, the picturesque Tianfu Greenway around the city, as well as the Broad and Narrow Alley featuring the local leisure life, left a lasting impression on my memory.(运用了动名词作主语)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My 11-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, started to talk about quitting swimming, which broke my heart because she loves swimming. So when the swim season began, I cut a deal with her. She would practice three times a week and try really hard. I wouldn't make her compete in the swim meets. Elizabeth does not like swim meets. She gets horribly nervous but not because she wants to win. She doesn't care if she wins.
Recently, Elizabeth's team announced a special swim night： Members 11 and older would swim a timed 50 meters relay. It wasn't exactly a meet, because it would involve only team members. That was my view. Elizabeth argued that it absolutely was a meet because there would be races. I told Elizabeth I really wanted her to go. She fought back angrily but finally agreed.
When the day of the special swim night arrived Elizabeth was nervous. She was the youngest person and shorter by at least a foot than most of the other kids. She panicked when it was time for the T-shirt relay. The relay works like this： One person from each relay team puts on a T-shirt, a pair of socks and a swim cap； swims 50 meters; and gets out of the pool. She takes off the clothes and puts them on the next person, who then swims 50 meters. This continues until everyone on the team has completed a lap.
Then it was Elizabeth's turn to swim. She seemed to swim faster in the T-shirt and socks than she did when she wasn't wearing them. Approaching the halfway mark, Elizabeth was in the lead. Suddenly, somebody noticed that one of Elizabeth's socks had fallen off and was floating （漂）in the pool. "She has to get that sock on before the end of the race," a swimming official told Elizabeth's team, “or you will be disqualified.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2 ,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Everybody on her team started screaming “Elizabeth! Get the sock!”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the ride home, she shared her moment of winning again and again.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Everybody on her team started screaming, "Elizabeth！Get the sock!" However, she couldn't hear them．It was time for desperate measures．A girl on my daughter's team jumped in the pool, grabbed the sock, and swam after Elizabeth．"You have to put the sock on," the girl screamed．The girl in lane two was about to pass Elizabeth．With the sock finally on, Elizabeth swam her heart out for the last 15 meters．It was close．But Elizabeth beat the other girl to the wall for the victory.
On the ride home, she shared her moment of winning again and again．She talked about how scared she was when someone grabbed her foot and how funny it was when she came to the finish and how great the night was．She told me that if the T-shirt relay was an Olympic event——and she is quite sure it should be——her team would win the gold medal．I told her that in my professional opinion, she was absolutely right．
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿Elizabeth要参加游泳比赛，赛前很紧张，害怕游不好，但是比赛时，通过和队友的共同努力赢得了比赛。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“团队中的每个人都开始大喊伊丽莎白！ 拿袜子！”可知，第一段可描写她听不见大家的喊叫声，一个女孩跳进水中捡起袜子给她送过去，面临对手超越自己，她穿上袜子想方设法取得了胜利。
②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，她一次又一次地分享了自己赢得胜利的时刻。”可知，第二段可描写她回想比赛过程中的激烈竞争，并全力以赴获得团队胜利的经历。作者表示赞同女儿的心态和努力。
2.续写线索：捡袜子——努力——回家——分享成功——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①捡袜子：grab the sock/pick up the socks
②努力：swim her heart out/try her best to swim
③回家：on the ride home/on her way home
情绪类
①害怕：scared/anxious
②喜悦：funny/feel great
【点睛】[高分句型1]With the sock finally on, Elizabeth swam her heart out for the last 15 meters．（with引导复合结构作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]She talked about how scared she was when someone grabbed her foot and how funny it was when she came to the finish and how great the night was．（how引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句）
