2024年中考英语一轮复习八年级下册Units 9-10讲练

八年级下册Unit 9-10一轮复习讲练
一、精讲精练
要点1
Put up
（1）put up 是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，意为“张贴；公布”。例如:
The principal put up the exam result. 校长公布了这次考试的结果。
（2）put up 意为“提高；增加；抬高(租金、价格等)”。例如 ：
My landlord was threatening to put the rent up by 10 dollars a week.
我房东要挟说要把每周房租提高10美元。
【拓展】
(1)“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语是名词时，宾语可以放在副词之前，也可以放在副词之后。例如：
Please take the book away. = Please take away the book。请把这本书拿走。
I put my coat on. = I put on my coat. 我穿上了我的外套。
(2)“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语为代词时，宾语只能放在副词之前。例如：
I don’t like the book. Please take it away.
我不喜欢这本书，请把它拿走。（不能说 Please take away it.）
I took out my coat and put it on.
我拿出了外套，把它穿上。（不能说 put on it）
Put构成的短语
put up挂；张贴；公布；举起；搭起；
put off 推迟 put away 收起来
put on 穿上；戴上；体重上升 put down 放下
put up with 忍受 put out 扑灭；熄灭
要点2
wonder在此处作动词，意为“想知道”“疑惑”
a. 后接who/what/why/how引导的宾语从句或“特殊疑问词+动词不定式“，意为”想知道......“
b. 后接if/whether引导的宾语从句，意为“想知道是否....”，表示一种委婉的请求或疑问
The girl wondered what her father was doing that for.
wonder还可作可数名词，意为“奇迹；奇观”
She wondered how this wonder was built.
要点3 Germany＆German
Germany 德国
German 德国人；德国的；德语。
德国人的复数是Germans
各国人的变复数口诀“中日不变，英法变，其余s加后面Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen American-Americans Canadian-Canadians
Chinese
Chinese n. 中国人；汉语 adj. 中国的；中国人的
Chinese作名词时，意为“中国人；汉语”；作形容词时，意为“中国的；中国人的”。
【注意】Chinese作“中国人”讲时，单复数形式相同。
【延伸】（1）China n. 中国。
Country国家 People人 Language语言
单数 复数
China（中国） Chinese Chinese Chinese
Japan（日本） Japanese Japanese Japanese
America（美国） American Americans English
England（英格兰） English/Englishman English/Englishmen English
France（法国） Frenchman Frenchmen French
Germany（德国） German Germans German
要点4 whether（重点）
whether作连词，意为“是否”。当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用if或whether作引导词。例如：
I asked her, “Do you study English here ” 我问她：“你在这里学习英语吗？” →
I asked her if/ whether she studied English there. 我问她是否在那里学习英语。
【拓展】
if和whether的辨析：
if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情况下二者可以互换。但在下列条件下，只能用whether而不能用if：
（1）if后不能直接接or not。
（2）whether可作介词的宾语。
（3）whether后可接不定式。
（4）whether可用于句首。
（5）whether可引导主语从句、表语从句。例如：
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。
Whether it is right or wrong, I don’t know. 正确与否，我不知道。
It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not. 他来不来没关系。
要点5
(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，
(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态
(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。
He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until .
He only fell asleep for 5 hours.
【拓展】sleep (slept; slept) v 睡觉 → sleepy adj. 困倦的；疲惫的
sleepy “困倦的”可做表语和定语 feel sleepy 感到疲倦
sleeping “熟睡的“可做定语和表语 the sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿
asleep “睡着的”, 只做表语 fall asleep 入睡
要点6
safety名词，意为“安全”，反义词是danger，意为“危险".
例：For your own safety，please don't smoke inside the plane.
为了你自己的安全，请不要在飞机里吸烟。
知识拓展
①safety的形容词形式是safe，意为“安全的"；副词形式是safely，意为“安全地".
②safe的反义词是dangerous， 意为"危险的"； safely的反义词是dangerously，意为“危险地”.
要点7 keep
（1) keep用作及物动词，意为“保存；保留；保守”。例如：
　Could you keep these letters for me, please
你能替我保存这些信吗？
　I’ll keep a seat for you. 我给你留个座位。
　Can you keep a secret 你能保守秘密吗？
（2) keep用作连系动词,后常接表语形容词，意为“保持处于某种状态”。 例如：　　
You must look after yourself and keep healthy.
你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。
　She knew she must keep calm. 她知道她必须保持镇静。
（3）keep的常用句型：
1) keep doing sth. 意为 “继续干某事”，表示不间断地持续干某事，后须接延续性的动词。例如：
He kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.
他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。
2）keep on doing sth. 意为“持续做某事”。 例如：
The pupil kept on asking me the same question.
这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。例如：
3) keep...from doing sth.意为“阻止/防止……做某事”。例如：
The heavy snow kept us from going out.
大雪阻止了我们出去。
拓展： keep构成的短语
keep doing sth 一直做某事
keep sb/sth doing sth 使某人/某事一直做某事
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
keep up with 跟上
keep in mind 记住
keep in touch with 保持联络
keep on 继续
要点8
no more ;not … anymore/ no longer ;not... any longer不再
词语 同义词 用法
no longer not… any longer 强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用
no more not … any more 强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用
当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；no more一般置于行为动词后。
not... any longer与not... any more常置于句末。
He can no longer walk. = He can’t walk any longer
The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didn’t cry any more.
要点9 hold
hold 是动词，意为“举行，举办，召开”，常可以用have来替换，过去式和过去分词均为held。
hold a meeting举行会议
hold a concert举行音乐会
hold a sports meeting举行运动会
【拓展】hold的其他含义：
hold 保持；维持 How long will this fine weather hold 这样的好天气能维持多久？
抓住；握住；拿住 He held the thief by the arm. 他抓住那个小偷的胳膊。
容纳；包含 Our classroom can hold more than fifty students. 教室能容纳50多个学生。
支撑……的重量 The chair can’t hold your weight. 这把椅子不能承受你的重量。
短语 catch hold of抓住； hold on（电话）别挂断；稍等
要点10 practice
practice作动词，意为“练习，实践”。既可以作及物动词，又可以作不及物动词。其后可以接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。【注意】也可以做名词，practice为不可数名词。例如：
practise 只做动词，作动词用法与 practice同
My little brother practices the piano every day. 我的小弟弟每天弹钢琴。
Do you often practice playing football after school？
你经常放学后踢足球吗？
【拓展】后接动名词作宾语的动词有：
完成、实践、值得、忙（finish; practice; be worth; be busy）
继续、习惯、别放弃（keep on; be used to; give up）
考虑、建议、不禁、想（consider; suggest; can’t help; feel like）
喜欢、思念、要介意（enjoy; miss; mind）
要点11
part with 放弃、交出（尤指不舍得的东西）
They were sorry to part with the old house.
【拓展】 part 还可作名词，意为“角色；参与”。
take part in参加 About 400 students took part in the activity.
play a part in 在……中扮演角色/起作用
Everyone on the earth should play a part in cleaning it up.
She played a part in that movie.
要点12
deal with处理；应付
deal with意为“处理；应付”，是固定搭配。
I think this problem should be dealt with quickly. 我认为这个问题应该尽快处理。
【拓展】do with和deal with两个短语可以进行互换。
I want to know how they deal with the problem.
=I want to know what they do with the problem.我想知道他们如何处理这个问题。
【辨析】deal with与do with
deal with 常与疑问词how连用
do with 常与疑问词what连用
What did you do with your old books 你如何处理你的旧书？
How do you deal with your homework 你如何处理你的家庭作业？
要点 13
have been in/ at sp. + （时间段） “某人在某地”
区别：. have gone to sp. 、have been to sp.、 have been in/ at sp
have gone to sp. “某人现在去了某地 (人未回) ”
have been to sp. + (次数) “某人曾经去过某地 (几次) (人已回)”
have been in/ at sp. + （时间段） “某人在某地(多长时间了) (人还在)”
要点14
现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间状语连用。
1 .for+时间段。表示“有（多长）一段时间了”。如：
I have studied English for five years. 我学英语已有五年了。
2 since+时间点。表示“自从……以来”。
(1) since+过去一个时间点。如：
　 I have lived here since 2003. 我自从2003年以来就一直住这儿。
(2) since+时间段+ago。如：
She has stayed in Guangzhou since three months ago. 她自三个月前就一直待在广州。
(3) since+从句（一般过去时）。如：
Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city.
自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。
现在完成时（二）
含been, ever, never的现在完成时，been是be动词的过去分词，ever(曾经)，never(从不，未曾)一般作副词。
been在完成时中，常以have been的形式出现，常见的有以下几种用法：
考点1 have been to＋地点
have been to 曾经去过 现已回来 可接次数 He has been to Beijing 3 times. 他去过北京三次。
have gone to 到某地去了 尚未回来 通常不用 第一人称 She’s not here. She has gone to Qingdao.她不在这里，她去了青岛。
have been in/at 在某地呆了多长时间 常接时间段 He has been in London for half a year.他在伦敦呆了半年。
考点2 当have been to后面接副词，如here, there, home时，to要省略。变为have been here/there/home。
考点3 have been in＋组织，表示加入某组织。
He has been in the army for 3 years.他参军三年了。
考点4 have been＋adj./n.呈现……状态
The shop has been open for 10 years. 这家店营业十年了。We have been friends since we were 5. 我们从5岁起就一直是朋友。
考点5 ever, never常与现在完成时连用，是现在完成时态的提示词。
ever adv.曾经；在任何时候
never adv.从未
现在完成时（III）
瞬间动词（buy、die、join、come、go、leave等）不能直接与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，要变成表状态的形式。如：
buy-have; borrow-keep; come/arrive/reach/get to-be in; go out-be out; leave-be away
begin-be on; finish-be over; open-be open; close-be closed; die-be dea
中考英语一轮复习讲练测
一、单项选择
1. —I have never been to such an interesting place.
—Me ______.We can go there together next time.
A. too B. neither C. either D. also
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我从没有去过这样一个有趣的地方。——我也没有去过。我们下次能一起去那里。too也，用于肯定句；neither也不，位于否定句；either也，位于否定句；also也，位于肯定句句中。根据I have never been to such an interesting place.可知此处表示否定句，根据We can go there together next time.表示我没有去过，故用neither，故选B。
2. ______the girls in my class joined the English club.
A. Three quarters B. Three quarter in C Three quarter D. Three quarters of
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我班的四分之三的女孩加入英语俱乐部。表示分数时，当分子大于一时，分母用复数形式，表示某个范围的几分之几，用介词of，四分之三用Three quarters of，故选D。
3. Nick got an A in the math test. His parents were happy and said he _______ a lot.
A. competed B. laughed C. communicated D. progressed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：尼克在数学考试中得了个A。他的父母很高兴，说他进步很多。考查动词辨析题。A. competed竞争；B. laughed笑；C. communicated沟通；D. progressed进步。根据句意和语境，可知前三个选项都与句意不合，故选D。
4. After hearing the scary story, the little kid hid behind the door and shook with ________.
A. stress B. surprise C. laughter D. fear
【答案】D
【解析】句意：听到可怕的故事后，小男孩躲在门后，吓得浑身发抖。
考查名词辨析。stress压力；surprise惊奇；laughter笑声；fear害怕。根据“After hearing the scary story”可知，应是听了恐怖故事害怕得发抖，故选D。
5 There are many cars in the street. It’s not ________ for children to play there.
A. free B. safe C. crazy D. useful
【答案】B
【解析】句意：街上有许多小汽车。孩子们在那里玩不安全。考查形容词辨析题。A. free自由的；B. safe安全的；C. crazy不理智的；D. useful有用的。根据句意结构和语境，可知ACD三个选项意思都与句意不符，故选B。
6. —How long have you ______here
—For two days. I______ here the day before yesterday.
A. been；came B. come；come C. came；has come D. been；have come
【答案】A
【解析】句意：------你来这里多长时间了？------两天了，我前天来的。本题考查动词时态和动词词义辨析。A.现在完成时；一般过去式；B. 现在完成时；一般现在时； D.现在完成时；现在完成时。上句How long(多长时间)询问时间段，可知此句用现在完成时，句中谓语应用延续性谓语动词，下句时间the day before yesterday（前天），此句应用一般过去式； be here（在/来这里）延续性动词，come here（来这里）非延续动词；为非延续性动词,故排除。结合句意和语境可知选A。
7. —Where is Mr. Miller
—He ________ to New York. He ________ there three times.
A. has been; has gone B. has gone; has gone C. has gone; has been D. has been; has been
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——米勒先生在哪儿？——他去纽约了。他去过那里三次了。
考查动词时态。has gone to去了某地（还未回来）；has been to去过某地（已回来）。根据“He… to New York”可知，去了纽约还没有回来，故第一空填has gone。根据“there three times”可知，去过三次，故选C。
8. —Do you know Bob
—Who is he I have never ________ him.
A. talked about B. cared for C. heard of D. heard from
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你认识鲍伯吗？——他是谁？我从未听说过他。
考查动词短语辨析。talked about谈论；cared for关心；heard of听说；heard from收到……来信。根据“Who is he ”及语境，故选C。
9.Miss Miller is nice and teaches well. She is very popular ________ the students.
A. inside B. between C. among D. around
【答案】C
【解析】句意：Miller小姐很好，教得好。她很受学生的欢迎。A. inside里面的，在…里面；在…以内；B. between在…之间（两者）；C. among处在…中，在…中间（三者或以上）；D. around大约；在周围； 围绕。结合句意和语境可知选C。
10.It is a(n) ________ for a young man like you not to study hard.
A feeling B. shame C. deal D. opinion
【答案】B
【解析】句意：像你这样的年轻人不努力学习是件可耻的事。A. feeling感情；感觉，知觉，情绪； 气氛；B. shame羞愧；羞辱；C. deal交易，处理；D. opinion意见，主张，评价。结合句意和语境可知选B。
11.The villagers ___________ the idea of a road through their village with satisfaction.
A. question B. provide C. think D. regard
【答案】D
【解析】句意：村民们满意地看待一条路通过他们村里的这个主意。A. question问题；怀疑， 疑问；B. provide提供，供给，供应；C. think想，以为，思索；D. regard注重，考虑；看待；尊敬；把…看作；与…有关。结合句意和语境可知选D。
12.Don’t talk about this to anyone, ________ not to your mother, or she will be worried.
A. actually B. especially C. suddenly D. simply
【答案】B
【解析】句意：不要把这事告诉任何人，特别是不要告诉你母亲，否则她会担心的。A. actually实际上； 确实；B. especially尤其地；主要地，特别地；C. suddenly意外地，忽然地；D. simply简直； 简单地，不过，仅仅。结合句意和语境可知选B。
13.If Mike doesn’t go to watch the movie Journey to the West: Demon Chapter, his brother won’t go ________.
A. both B. too C. neither D. either
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果迈克不去看电影《西游伏妖篇》，他的兄弟也不会去看电影。A. both两者都；B. too（用于肯定句和疑问句句）也；C. neither两者都不；D. either（否定句中）也，（两者之中）任何一个。结合句意和语境可知选D。
14.Mr. Brown ________ his hometown for a long time. He really misses it.
A. left B. has left C. went away from D. has been away from
【答案】D
【解析】句意：布朗先生离开家乡已经很久了。他真地想家了。for +时间段：表示做某事做了这段时间了，此句时态一般用于完成时态（现在完成时或过去完成时），谓语动词用延续性动词。根据for a long time（很长一段时间）结合He really misses it.（对现在影响“想家”）可知此句时态用现在完成时，A和C是过去式，排除；left（原形leave）是终止性动词，be away是延续性动词，故选D。
15.Could you please help ________ the information about the passengers I’m busy now.
A. bring out B. check out C. work out D. give out
【答案】B
【解析】句意：你能帮我查一下有关乘客的信息吗？我现在很忙。A. bring out公布，出版，使出现；B. check out 检查，检验；C. work out解决，作出 ；D. give out发出，分发。结合句意和语境可知选B。
二、词形变化
1. There is no wind and the lake looks so ________(peace).
2. Jill doesn’t like eating _________(Japan) food.
3. ________(thousand) of people visit the Great Wall every year.
4.October 1st is an ______(usual)day, because it's the birthday of China
5. After the child was _______ (sleep ) , the mother left the room quietly .
6.Lily learned how (dress) herself when she was three years old.
7.He is a (truth) person, therefore I extremely trust him.
8.My brother is considering (give) away some of his old things to others.
9.Mike (have) his phone since last September. He (buy) it after he got his first job.
10.I went to a yard _______ (sell ) and bought something in need .
【答案】 1. peaceful 2. Japanese 3.Thousands 4.unusual 5.asleep 6.to dress 7.truthful 8.giving 9.has had bought 10.sold
三、单词拼写。
1. We don’t know w_________ it’s going to rain or not tomorrow.
2.He has made p__________ in his work and his boss is very satisfied with him.
3.In the hot summer, they always go s_________ cool for a holiday.
4.China is developing in a very r__________ way, it is becoming stronger and stronger.
5.My parents always e___________ me to work hard so that I can have a better future.
6.He is a t child. I'm sure he will tell us the truth.
7.The material of the blue dress is silk, so it feels s and smooth.
8.So many young people r milk shake as the most delicious drink.
9.It's a good habit to give away the old things before we p with them.
10.In the past, we mainly got information from paper books, but now we usually s for information online.
【答案】1.whether 2.progross 3.somewhere 4.rapid 5.encourage 6.truthful 7.soft 8.reguard 9.part 10.search
四、完成句子
1. 这儿的气温全年在20摄氏度以下。
The temperature here _________ below 20℃ ________ ________ ________.
2. 凯特，有几个女孩在等你。
Kate, there are ________ ________ ________ ________ waiting for you.
3.如果你不去买东西，我也不去。
If you don’t go shopping , __________ __________ __________.
4.如今，数以百万的中国人离开农村到城市找工作。
Nowadays, leave the countryside work in the cities.
5. 舍弃自己最喜爱的东西是不容易的。
It’s not easy to ________ ________ one’s favorite things.
6.虽然比尔很长时间没滑冰了，但现在他仍然滑得很好。
Bill for a long time, he still very well now.
7.请叫他们替我核实一下信息。
Please ask them to for me.
8.埃米想要保留她的旧东西，因为它们唤起甜蜜的回忆。
Amy wants her old things they sweet memories.
9我过去常常一年至少回家一次，但现在我已经快三年没有回来了。
I home at least once a year, but I for almost three years now.
10.我们自从加入同一个俱乐部就成了好朋友。
We good friends since we the same club.
【答案】1. is all year round / around 2. a couple of girls 3. neither will I 4. millions of Chinese; to search for 5.part with 6. Although; hasn’t skated; skates 7. check out the information
8. to keep; because; bring back 9. used to return; haven’t been back 10. have been ; joined
五、补全对话
A
Michelle Giaquinto is from Australia. She is working as a cook in a restaurant in Italy. She has traveled to over 30 countries. She is having a talk with a reporter about her travels.
(Q=Question; A=Answer)
Q: What's the most beautiful place you've ever been to
A: It's difficult to choose "the most beautiful" place I've visited, because every place is beautiful in its own way. But I have very good memories of the Himalayan mountains in Nepal.
Q: __1___
A: I stayed in a beautiful hotel in Marrakech, Morocco. It wasn't very big, but it had a green yard with a fountain (喷泉) in the middle. The colorful tiles (瓷砖) everywhere were fantastic.
Q: ___2___
A: Fried crickets (油炸蟋蟀) on the street in Bangkok, Thailand. And they weren't bad.
Q: ___3___
A: I have always been very lucky in my travels, but someone stole (偷) my bag on a train when I was in India. Getting very ill in a lonely part of Pakistan wasn't very nice, either.
Q: __4___
A: Indonesia, a country with a very interesting culture. I plan to go there next year.
Q: ___5___
A: Australia has so many interesting places to visit, as it's so large. But my favorites are the sights (风景) along the Great Barrier Reef, North Queensland. I also love the big, open spaces of our deserts and national parks, especially Uluru National Park.
A. What's the most interesting place you've visited in your own country
B. Which country have you always wanted to visit
C. Have you ever made any friends while traveling
D. What's the nicest hotel you've ever stayed in
E. What's the strangest thing you've ever eaten in your travels
F. Have you had any bad experiences while traveling
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. F 4. B 5. A
B 根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。
A: Frank, have you seen the exhibits (展览品) at the art museum
B: _________1________. What about you
A: I went there last Sunday. I saw a lot of great paintings.
B: _________2__________
A: Yes. It was so crowded that it was hard to see everything.
B: Did you see many paintings by famous artists
A: Yes. Michelle T’s paintings were there.
B: I like her work. __________3__________
A: I’d love to, but I am busy these days. You can ask Joe. ________4_________.
B: OK. And he’s interested in art, right
A: _________5_________.
【答案】1. No, I haven’t
2. Was the museum crowded / Were there a lot of visitors
3. Can you go to / Would you like to go to the museum with me again
4. He has never been there
5. Yes, you’re right
六、语法填空
All around the world, families celebrate special days together. Traditions for these days _____1_____ (be) very different. Some of them may surprise you.
Families in most countries have a special day to celebrate mothers. In Serbia, this day is on _____2____ second Sunday before Christmas. On that day, children sneak（溜）into their _____3____（mother）bedroom and tie her feet with ribbon（丝带）so that she can’t get out of bed. Then they shout, “Mother’s Day, Mother’s Day! What will you pay _____4____(get) away ” Then the mother gives _____5_____ (they) small treats and presents as payment so that the kids “free” her.
In China, they say that _____6____ (baby) are one year old when they are born. After that, all children celebrate their birthday on New Year’s Day because that’s when they grow a year _____7_____ (old). Actual birthdays are ____8____ (usual) celebrated with a big family meal. The tradition is that the “birthday boy” or “birthday girl” should fill their mouth with as many long noodles ____9____ they can and then eat them. This is because in Chinese culture, long noodles are a symbol ______10_____ long life.
【答案】1. Are/have been 2. the 3. mother’s 4. to get 5. them 6. babies 7. older
8. usually 9. as 10. of'