2024年人教版中考英语八年级上册Units 8-10一轮复习讲练（含解析）

八年级上册Unit 8-10一轮复习讲练
一、精讲精练
要点1 add
add作动词，意为“加，增加”，常用以下结构：
（1）add… to… 意为“把……加到……”，例如：
（2）add to表示“增加；增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如：
（3）add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如：
（4）add up to 意为“总计；加起来结果是”。例如：
要点2 cut up
cut up意为“切碎”，其同义词组为cut into pieces。cut up后跟代词作宾语时，代词应放在cut和up之间；接名词作宾语时，名词通常放在up后。例如：
cut it(them) up 把它（它们）切碎 cut up the apple 把那个苹果切碎
辨析：cut off / cut down / cut in / cut out
词汇 例句
cut off 切断，剪断 They have cut off the water/electricity/gas supply.
cut down 砍倒，减少 If you cut down all the trees, you will ruin the land.
cut in 插嘴 She always cut in when other people are talking.
cut out 切去，切除 The cancerous cells had to be cut out.
要点3 fill
fill表示“装满，填满”，可用作及物和不及物动词，通常与介词 with 连用。
Everything is filled with new life. 万物充满了生气。
【拓展】
full 作为形容词，意为“充满的”。例如：
The train was traveling at full speed. 火车正全速前进。
be full of 意为“充满……的”。例如：
The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。
要点4 celebrate
celebrate的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“庆祝”，后常接birthday【生日】,festival【节日】,success【成功】等词汇。
Let’s celebrate the New Year by having a big party.
让我们举办一个盛大的聚会来迎接新年吧。
（2）其名词为celebration,意为“庆祝（活动）；庆典等”。
The foreign friends enjoyed the celebration during the Spring Festival.
这些外国朋友们非常喜欢春节期间的庆祝活动。
要点5 on special holiday /on the fourth Thursday
on 表时间
介词on表时间时，用在具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上前
We have no classes on Sunday. 星期日我们没有课
It happened on the morning of the fifteenth. 事情发生在15日的上午
in表时间
介词in常用在表示年、月、季节、世纪的名词前，还可用于上午、下午、晚上等固定短语中
in 2012 在2012年
in September 在9月
in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天
in the 20th century 在20世纪
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
● 6.At three this afternoon. 今天下午3点钟
at表时间
介词at常用在表示时刻的名词前
I usually play basketball at six o’clock in the afternoon. 我通常在下午6点钟打篮球
I have lunch at twelve o’clock at school. 我中午12点学校吃午饭
知识拓展
at 构成的短语
at night 在晚上
at noon 在中午
at Christmas 在圣诞节
【易混辨析】on, in与at
on 用在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上前 on Saturday morning 在周六上午
in 用在世纪、年份、季节、月份，上午、下午或晚上前 in December 在12月 in the evening 在晚上 in 2012 在2012年
at 用来表示在某个时间点、某一时刻或年龄 at six o’clock 在6点 at the age of 25 在25岁
要点6 prepare for
prepare for 为……做准备
They are preparing for the math test. 他们正忙为数学考试做准备。
【拓展】prepare的其他用法
（1）作为及物动词，其后接双宾语。即prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb., 意为“为某人准备某物”。其后也可接动词不定式作宾语，即prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。
The hostess prepared much food for the guests.
女主人为客人们准备了大量的食物。
(2)作为不及物动词，意为“准备”，常用于prepare for sth., 意为“为……做准备”。
We are preparing for the coming exams.
我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。
（3）其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备；预备”。
要点7
hang out是动副结构的短语，意为“闲逛”。例如：
I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos. 我和朋友们一起闲逛，还拍了许多照片。
【拓展】
hang的其他搭配：hang about=hang around 闲逛，徘徊，逗留；
hang up挂断（电话）；
hang意为“逗留，悬挂”时，过去式和过去分词都是hung；hang还有“吊死，绞死”的意思，但当hang意为“吊死，绞死”时，其过去式和过去分词都是hanged。例如：
Thick clouds hung low and covered the sky.
厚厚的云低悬着，遮住了整个天空。
要点8
accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等)
You should accept her present. 你应该接受她的礼物
receive词性及物动词，此句中意为“接待；招待”。receive还可表示“接到；收到”，与get同义，其后可接介词from. /
辨析：receive与accept
receive 接待；收到 指客观的收到 He received a letter from his friend. 他收到了朋友的来信。
accept 接受 指主观的接受 She accepted my gift. 她接受了我的礼物。
要点9 reply
reply既可作不及物动词，又可作及物动词，还可作名词。
（1）作不及物动词，意为“回答”，可用“reply to(sb. /sth. )”表示“对……做出回答”。例如：
What did he do in reply to your challenge 你提出与他较量，他做何反应
（2）作及物动词时，其意为“回答，回答说”。例如：
He replied that this was absolutely impossible.他回复说这是绝对不可能的。
（3）作名词时，意思为“答道，答复”。例如：
A few weeks later I received a reply.几个星期后，我收到了她的回信。
要点10 available
（1）available作形容词，意为“现成可使用的，可获得的，便利的，有效的”。例如：
I'll send you all the books available. 我将把我能得到的书给你寄去。
（2）available还表示“可会见的,可取得联系的”。例如：
The doctor is not available now. 医生现在没空。
（一）可数名词和不可数名词的用法区别
（1）可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，而不可数名词没有复数形式。
（2）不定冠词a/an、基数词可直接修饰可数名词，表示数量 而不可数名词在表示数量时, 则用“冠词/基数词+表示计量单位的名词+of+不可数名词”。
（3）可数名词复数前可用many, some, any, few, a few, a lot of, lots of等修饰；不可数名词 前可用much, some, any, little, a little, a lot of, lots of等修饰。
（4）可数名词作主语时，谓语动词与主语的单复数保持一致，不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式
（5） 提问可数名词的数量用how many，提问不可数名词的数量用how much。
1 名词复数的规则变化：
(1) 一般情况下在词尾加-s。如：book → books, chair → chairs
(2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词，在词尾加-es。如：
class → classes, box → boxes
(3) 以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe变为v，再加-es。如：
shelf → shelves, wife → wives
(4) 以o结尾的名词，词尾加-es或-s。如：
tomato → tomatoes, photo → photos
(5) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，先将y改为i，再加-es。如：
baby → babies, factory → factories
2 名词复数的不规则变化：
(1) 元音字母发生变化。如：
man → men, woman → women, foot → feet,
tooth → teeth, mouse → mice, goose → geese
(2) 单、复数形式相同。如：deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese
(3) 词尾发生变化。如：child → children
(4) 有些名词只有复数形式。如：clothes, trousers, people
(5) man, woman修饰其他名词时，单复数要与被修饰的名词保持一
致。如：a man doctor → men doctors
（二）祈使句
祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。主语通常被省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。
一、祈使句的肯定句式：一般分为以下四种类型：
（1）实义动词＋其他成分。
Make sentences after the model. 根据例句造句。
（2）Be动词＋其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）。
Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时要小心。
（3）Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分。
Let him go back now. 让他现在回去吧。
（4）无动词祈使句。
This way，please！请这边走！ Just a minute，please！请稍等片刻！
二、祈使句的否定句式
祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在动词原形前加上don't或never，一般分为以下三种类型：
（1）在肯定祈使句的动词原形前加don't，构成“Don't＋动词原形＋其他成分”。
Don't say that again！别再那样说了！
（2）let引导的祈使句的否定形式有两种：
① 以let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格，在let前加don't。
Don't let me go with her tomorrow. 不要让我明天跟她一起去。
② 以let's开头的祈使句，必须在let's后加not。
Let's not play computer games from now on.从现在开始，我们不玩电脑游戏了吧。
（3）在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用
“No＋名词/动词的 ing形式”结构，表示“禁止做某事”。
NO PHOTOS！禁止拍照！
Can
情态动词can----表示邀请，还可以表示能力，许可，推测等。
表邀请时Could 比can 的语气更加委婉
表邀请用法
发出邀请时一般结构为
Can +主语+V原+其他？
Can you come to my party
回答分两种情况
接受邀请：Sure, I’d like/love to.
Sure, that sounds great. Thanks for your invitation.
拒绝邀请: Sorry, I’m not available./I’m busy.
Sorry, I have to.....
I’d love to. But I’m afraid I can’t. I have to...
have to 不得不，必须（客观原因） must 必须（主观意志）
3）向别人发出邀请，请求，建议时常见的句型：
Would you mind (not) doing sth.
How/What about doing sth.
Would you like (not) to do sth.
Would/Could you please (not) to do sth.
Why don’t you do sth. / Why not do sth.
You’d better (not) do sth.
If 引导的条件状语句
◆◆引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if。 if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种（非真实条件句会在以后的虚拟语气中阐述），其引导的真实条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
1) 如果 if 条件句讲述自然规律，肯定会发生的事情或客观事实，主句和if从句都用一般现在时态。（主现从现）
If you take a fish out of water, it dies.如果把鱼从水中拿出，它会死。
2) 在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，谈论将来可能出现的情况时，
（主现从现）If you put a piece of paper into water, it gets wet.
如果你把一张纸放进水中，它会变湿。
（主将从现）I’ll buy a car if I have enough money.
如果我有足够的钱， 我会买一辆车。
（主祈从现）Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。
Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask.
如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。
(主情从现) If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.
如果我早早地到那里， 我就可以快点看病。
【注意】 此处if引导的从句，还可由 when， as soon as(一…就…), （not）…until （直到…才），unless(除非)来引导。
The traffic must stop when the light are red.当红灯亮时，交通必须停止。
I will go home as soon as it stops raining. 雨一停我就回家。
Please don’t leave the office until your friend comes back.
请不要离开直到你朋友回来。
【注意】If 引导的条件状语从句，表示必然的结果 (主现从现)
中考英语一轮复习讲练测
一、单项选择
1. ---When is Thanksgiving Day
---It’s _______ the fourth Thursday _______ November.
A. at; of B. on; in C. in; on D. on; at
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词的用法。根据句意可知，感恩节在11月的第四个星期四。月份前面用介词in；具体到某一天用介词on。
2. _______ the table ________ a cloth, or it will get dirty.
A. Fill; with B. Send; to C. Cover; with D. Give; to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义及与介词的搭配。根据句意可知，用一块布料盖住桌子，否则它会变脏的。fill …with…意为：用……盖住……; send…to…意为：寄送某物到某地或派遣某人到某地；cover…with…意为：用……覆盖……；give sth to sb意为：把某物给某人。
3. —Can I fill the box ________ my model cars
—I'm afraid not. It's full ________ my school things.
A. with; with B. of; of C. of; with D. with; of
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我能用我的汽车模型装满这个盒子吗？——恐怕不行。里面装满了我的学习用品。fill …with…用……装满……；be full of充满……；故选D。
4. Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is_______ in China
A. patient B. lucky C. possible D. traditional
【答案】D
【解析】形容词词义辨析题。根据题意可知，在中国，春节吃水饺是一项传统。Traditional意为：传统的；possible意为：可能的；lucky意为：幸运的；patient意为：耐心的。
5. —How do most people ________ the Dragon Boat Festival(端午节)
—Most of the young people like watching the dragon boat racing.
A. report B. celebrate C. choose D. expect
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——端午节多数人怎么庆祝？——大多数年轻人喜欢看龙舟比赛。
考查动词辨析。report 报告；celebrate 庆祝；choose 选择；expect期盼；根据“Most of the young people like watching the dragon boat racing.”可知，此处表示庆祝方式，故选B。
6. Sally made good 　 　for the singing competition, so she won first prize.
A. messages B. preparations C. examples D. invitations
【答案】 B　
【解析】句意:Sally为这次歌唱比赛做了充分的准备,因此她获得了一等奖。preparation意为“准备”。
7. Jack didn’t 　 　my question right away. He said he needed to think about it.
A. write down B. reply to C. find out D. care about
【答案】B
【解析】句意:Jack没有立刻回复我的问题。他说他需要思考一下。reply to意为“回复”。
8. Mary believes she can make the soup by herself and 　 　her mother’s help.
A. turns on B. helps out C. asks for D. turns down
【答案】D
【解析】句意:Mary认为她可以自己做汤,拒绝了妈妈的帮助。turn on意为“打开”;help out意为“帮助”;ask for意为“请求”;turn down意为“拒绝”。
9. She is in trouble, so we must try our best to　 　　.
A. make her out B. get her out C. keep her out D. help her out
【答案】D
【解析】句意:她处于困境中,所以我们必须尽力帮她摆脱困境。help sb. out意为“帮助某人摆脱困境”。
10. —Does your best friend Linda often write to you
—Yes. I often 　 　her.
A. hear from B. take up C. come true D. make up
【答案】 A
【解析】句意:“你最好的朋友Linda经常给你写信吗 ”“是的。我经常收到她的来信。”hear from意为“收到……的来信”;take up意为“开始做”;come true意为“实现”;make up意为“编造”。
11. — My computer works too slowly.
— Why not ________ something useless
A. delete B. leave C. use D. write
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我的电脑工作的太慢。——为什么不删除一些无用的东西？A. delete删除；B. leave离开； C. use 使用；D. write写。根据局上文My computer works too slowly.可知下文是说删除。根据题意，故选A。
12. He often makes _______________ mistakes, because he doesn’t read _______________.
A. careful; carefully B. careless; careful C. careless; carefully D. careful; carelessly
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词和副词的句法功能。句意：他经常犯粗心的错误，因为他不认真阅读。read意为：读，行为动词，需用副词修饰，排除B；根据语境可知，他因为没有仔细阅读导致经常犯粗心的错误，形容词careless修饰名词mistakes。故选C。
13. I’m late for school today. I think my teacher must be _______________ me.
A. worried about B. pleased with C. friendly to D. angry with
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：今天我上学迟到了，我认为老师一定会生我的气。A. worried about 担心；B. pleased with对......感到高兴；C. friendly to对......友好；D. angry with生某人的气。故选D。
14.—This is between you and me.
— I promise. I won’t tell others __________________ you say I can.
A. unless B. or C. since D. and
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：——这只是你和我知道。——我保证，我不会告诉别人的，除非你说可以。A. unless如果不，除非，表条件；B. or或者，表选择；否则，表相反的结果；C. since自从，后跟时间的起点；D. and并且，表并列、递进。我会保守秘密，我不会告诉别人的，除非你说可以。故选A。
15. My mother is a traveler with_______________, and she has some interesting _______________.
A. experience; experiences B. experience; experience
C. experiences; experience D. experiences; experiences
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我妈妈是一个很有经验的旅行者，她有一些有趣的经历。experience (由实践得来的)经验，不可数名词；(一次)经历或体验，可数名词。with短语作traveler修饰语，定语，即：有经验的旅行者，需用不可数名词experience，表抽象意义；后句she has some表示具体的经历，即：她有一些有趣的经历，需用可数名词experience的复数形式。故选A。
二、词形变化
1.The Spring Festival is a (tradition) festival in China.
2.They the truck with boxes just now. Look, the truck is of boxes now.(fill)
3.The Smiths are making__________( prepare) for this journey
4.You can give ___________(thank) to your mother by 　　 (cook) a big meal for her.
5. I often 　　 　out with my best friend last year. (hang)
6. The CD player will go wrong if you use it 　　 　(care).
7.She has very 　　 　(understand) parents. She loves them.
8.I had some enjoyable ______ in Chongqing last December (experience).
9.Jack went out of the classroom ________ (angry).
10.Michael's mother wants him to go to college to get a high ________(educate).
【答案】1.traditional 2.filled full 3.preparation 4.thaks cooking 5.hung 6.carelessly
7.understanding 8.experiences 9.angrily 10.education
三、单词拼写。
1.In the north of China, leaves usually fall down when a　 　 comes.
2. The m_________ dish of the Thanksgiving meal is almost always turkey.
3. As I finish m ________ up all these ingredients to make the salad, dinner will be ready.
4. As we all know about two thirds of the earth’s surface is c ________ with water.
5 Could you help me s　 　 this problem
6.U　 　 you work hard, you will not succeed.
7. My mother will be a　 　 if I tell a lie to her.
8.Will your mother be a____________ if you come back late
9.No one is perfect. Don’t laugh at the people who make m ________
10.You may not t　 　me, but you will see it.
【答案】1.autum 2.main 3.mixing 4.covered 5.solve 6.Unless 7.angry 8.angry 9.mistakes 12.trust
四、完成句子
1. 我盼望着收到你的信。
I _________ ________ ________ _________ _________you all.
2.每天花几分钟来感恩你拥有的一切。
Spend a few minutes every day what you have.
3. 别灰心，生活充满了惊喜和希望。
Don't lose heart. Life is surprise and hope.
4. 到了该上学的时候了。
___________ ________ ________ go to school.
5.把 Ms. Steen 来参加聚会而不要告诉她，以至于让她感到惊喜。
Bring Ms. Steen to the party__________ __________ her________ _________ she can be surprised.
6. 他没有拒绝我的邀请。
He didn’t _________ ___________my invitation.
7.直到雨停，他才回家。
He_________ ________ home ________ the rain__________.
8.一些老年人不适应城市的生活
Some old people ___________ __________ ____________ __________the life in the city.
9.你在作文中犯了几处粗心的错误。
You’ve _________ ________ _________ _________in the composition.
10．如果我们不和某个人谈谈，我们一定会觉得更糟。
we talk to someone, we'll ．
【答案】1. look forward to hearing from 2. giving thanks for　3. filled with/full of 4. It’s time to 5. without telling so that　6. turn down 7.didn’t go until stopped 8.have some problems with 9. made several careless mistakes 10. Unless; certainly feel worse
五、补全对话
A
Lucy: Hi, Jane. Are you free this evening？
Jane: Yes.1.
Lucy: I hear The Wandering Earth is on at Fuzhou Theater this evening.
Jane: Really？2.
Lucy: Would you like to go with me？
Jane：3. What time will it start？
Lucy: At 7：00. Let's go together.
Jane: Great.4.
Lucy: At the gate of the theater.
Jane：5.
Lucy: All right. See you then.
Jane: See you.
A. Yes，I'd love to.
B. Then let's make it 6：45.
C. Sorry，I don't have time.
D. What's up？
E. What's wrong with you？
F. Where shall we meet？
G. I'm looking forward to watching it.
【答案】DGAFB
B
A: Hello! This is Dale.
B: Hello, Dale! This is Linda. 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　
A: Sorry, Susan is out at this time.
B: Could you tell me when she will come back
A: I’m not sure about it. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　
B: Sure. Please tell her I want to invite her to my birthday party next Sunday.
A: Thanks for asking. 3.　　　　　　　　　　
B: The party will start at 6:30 p.m.
A: 4.　　　　　　　　　　
B: I’m going to have it at Rijing Restaurant.
A: 5.　　　　　　　　　　
B: The restaurant is on Jianshe Road, across from Xiandai Building.
A: OK. I’ll tell her about it.
B: Thank you very much. Goodbye.
A: Bye.
【答案】1.Could/May I speak to (your sister) Susan 2. Can I take a message for her
3.When/What time will the party start 4. Where are you going to have it
5.Where is the restaurant
六、短文填空
Students these days often have a lot of worries. Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. What can they do about this Some people believe the 1.　　　　(bad) thing is to do nothing. Laura Mills, a teenager from London, agrees. “Problems and worries are normal in life,” says Laura. “But I think 2. 　(talk) to someone helps a lot. Unless we talk to someone, we’ll 3.　 (certain) feel worse.”
Laura once lost her wallet, and worried for days. She was afraid 4.　　　　(tell) her parents about it. She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn’t have any money. She just 5.　　　　(keep) thinking, “If I tell my parents, they 6.　　 (be) angry!” In the end, she talked to her parents and they were really 7.　　　　(understand). Her dad said he sometimes made 8.　　　　(care) mistakes himself. They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. “I will always remember 9.　　 (share) my problems in the future!” Laura says.
Robert Hunt advises students about common problems. He feels the same way as Laura. “It is best 10.　 　(run) away from our problems. We should always try to solve 11.　　 (they).” He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to. This person doesn’t need 12.　　 　　 (be) an expert like himself. Students often forget that their parents have 13.　　 　　(much) experience, and are always there to help them. In English, we say that sharing a problem is like 14.　　 　　(cut) it in half. So you' re halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!
【答案】1.worst　2.talking　3.certainly 4.to tell　5.kept　6.will be 7.understanding　8.careless
9.to share　10.not to run　11.them 12.to be　13.more　14.cutting