2024届高考英语 二轮复习 ：七选五 强化训练（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高考英语 二轮复习 ：七选五 强化训练（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 107.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-17 16:02:13 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Passage 1
The process by which rich land becomes desert is called desertification (沙漠化)． 1 The U．N．says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent．
Africa's Great Green Wall is a project to build an 8,000-kilometer-long forest across 11 of the continent's countries．The project is meant to contain the growing Sahara Desert and fight climate change． 2 They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment．Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago． 3
Launched in 2007, the project aims to plant a forest from Senegal on the Atlantic Ocean in western Africa to Eritrea, Ethiopia and Djibouti in the east． 4 It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air．
5 They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent．For example, efforts in Eritrea and Sudan have resulted in nearly 140,000 hectares of newly planted forest．
The U．N．desertification agency says the project will need to plant an average of 8．2 million hectares yearly to reach its goal of 100 million hectares by 2030．
A．It has severe impacts on the environment．
B．That is only 4 percent of the program's goal．
C．However, it is difficult to carry out the project．
D．But the project has been facing many problems．
E．The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa．
F．Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful．
G．Some countries have struggled to keep up with the demands of the project．
Passage 2
For many people, our friends are the friends we met in high school or college．But that is not enough． 1 When it comes to becoming close friends with someone, follow the following tips to help you connect to a new person in a meaningful way．
Listen & learn．
Meeting up for lunch or coffee is a great opportunity to get to know your new friend．Be sure that during conversation, you listen to what they're telling you about their life, interests and passions．Take note of what they're particularly excited about and ask them more about it． 2
Plan activities．
3 Bike rides, long walks, and short road trips are all great ways for a friendship to mature．If you really want to know how to become close friends with someone, these activities will provide many opportunities to talk with each other．
4
Sometimes, life hits us with unexpected blows．When that happens to our friends, it's important to support them with kind words, kind actions, and kind thoughts．Not only is it what you do for a friend in need but supporting your friend will solidify the trust that they have in you, further strengthening your close bond with them．
Share stories on Peoplepedia．
When you and your friend sign up for Peoplepedia, you can share your stories and learn more about one another．Writing about your life experiences and sharing them with the rest of the world will attract more friends wanting to know more about you． 5
A．Be there in times of need．
B．Buy a gift for your friends on important occasions．
C．We need to make friends with those new people that we meet in our lives．
D．Get them to talk about their favorite subjects and they'll become closer to you．
E．If you want to promote your friendship, find an opportunity to stay more with them．
F．Casual lunch or coffee meetings, exciting activities can bring two people closer together．
G．Besides, your current friends will feel closer to you when they understand more about you．
Passage 3
Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout．Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout． 1 Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person．
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel．A fed workout will provide your body with power．Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights． 2 Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body．Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles．People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one．
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea．They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating．With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion．Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat． 3 It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose (葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy．You may even be more likely to overeat．
4 Not all foods are created equal．For example, if you choose a fed workout, you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand．With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete．Drink some water．Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack．
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice．Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings． 5
A．However, a fasted workout might not work for you．
B．How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity．
C．These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body．
D．To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts' minds．
E．Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice．
F．Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat．
G．A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts．
Passage 4
No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees—the fact that their bottoms are painted white．Generally speaking, the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects． 1 ．Let's check them out!
Blocking the sun
You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks' surfaces get dry and crack easily． 2 ．Simply put, they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night．Fortunately, painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen, which helps block the sun．
Heat protection
3 ．White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration(蒸腾) and growing their fruits．Additionally, when trees are cooler, they have less stress, which makes their stomata(气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases．
Defending against pests
More often than not, a tree's surface will crack, allowing insects to creep inside． 4 ．Therefore, people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks．
5
Last but not least, the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road．Why is that important Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night, when drivers can not see them much more clearly．
A．Stopping accidents
B．Improving visibility
C．Whitewashing is a good way to solve the problem
D．The cause of this phenomenon has already been found
E．Whitewashing helps young trees remain cool in spring
F．However, there're many other reasons for whitewashing trees
G．Bacteria will feed on the tree's inner parts, eventually killing it
Passage 5
We often try to save money for a variety of reasons．It might be to save up for a new computer, put money aside into a rainy-day fund or put a deposit (押金) down for a loan on a house． 1 , but a recent study showed that over half of all 22-29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all．Did they splurge (挥霍) and splash out (花大笔钱) on too many things, or are there other factors And how can we become better savers
Many young people in the UK choose to live far away from home, and the cost of renting can impact the amount we can put away in our savings．On top of that, according to a 2017 study, there is a huge pay gap in people in their twenties in the UK, with the top 10% earning 4．3 times per week as the lowest earners． 2 ．However, there was positive, with the number of people in debt, not including student loans for university, having fallen from 49% 10 years ago to 37%．
3 ．First of all, put a stop to those impulse (冲动) buys．Ask yourself if you really need to buy something, even if it is on sale or looks like a bargain．One way you could control your spending urges is by using cash rather than card．Withdrawing cash before you go to a restaurant or go shopping sets a fixed budget you must adhere (遵守) to． 4 ．Finally, setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings just after you receive your salary will ensure you have some money set aside for a time that you might need it．Just after getting paid is a good idea for this as it means you save before you've had the chance to spend．
While there is some good news about debt for the twenty—somethings in the UK, the fact that over half have no savings is seen as a cause for concern．While it could be due to some economic disparity(不同), there may be some other factors at play． 5 ．
A．Sometimes we get the urge to spend money
B．Also, any change when you're using cash can be put in the jar or into your account
C．Possibly the idea of “saving more when I earn more” has happened
D．If we want to improve our ability to save, there are several ways
E．However, there are some steps we can take to help us all become better savers
F．Learning how to save is important
G．Therefore, it is important for us to be good savers
Passage 6
When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it．They feel very nervous about going back to school．According to the experts, it's totally normal．Transitions(转变) are hard for everyone, 1 ．That's because routines are healthy for us, and changing into a new one can throw us off．
For parents, it's really important to know that it's very normal for their children to have a whole range of feelings about going back to school—from excitement, to anxiety and sadness, to even anger． 2 ．They might have stomachaches or headaches when thinking about returning to school in September．And that's all normal, too．
One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to, 3 ．It could be one friend they're excited to see or even the idea of walking to school every day．
4 ．Walking or biking to the school can help．Hanging out with a kid who's going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety．
Getting enough sleep, exercising, and talking to reliable adults and friends are other effective ways to cope with anxiety and negative feelings． 5 ．“If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school，” said an expert．
A．whether you're a kid or an adult
B．rather than what makes them feel nervous
C．instead of returning to school without preparation
D．For some kids, those feelings can even be physical
E．Most parents don't have empathy for their children's feelings
F．Besides, getting used to the new environment before school starts is also a good idea
G．It's also suggested that kids should get their bedtime back on track a week ahead of school
Passage 7
“A ship in the harbor is safe,but that is not what ships are built for,” said John A.Shedd,an early 20th century author.Throughout the pandemic,we’ve all become used to assessing risk in new ways.We’ve come to understand,though we can never get rid of risk altogether,we have great power to make choices both large and small to protect ourselves. 1 It stops us from stepping outside of our comfort zones and trying new things.
Developmental psychologists talk about “positive risks”—socially acceptable risks that our lives can benefit from. 2 But what about those who develop into adults Researchers have found that happiness for older adults is being able to choose how they spend their time,including ways that are adventurous,new and even—like hiking or other outdoor activities—mildly risky.
One guide to positive risk management lists ways that people can make sure their risks are on the “safe” side of the risk range.For example,to ensure a successful bike ride,you should in advance equip yourself with a fully-charged cell phone and a full water bottle. 3 Or if you are concerned about your physical capacity,consult a certified trainer or medical professional before departure.
4 This means adapting to changing situations.In response to the deadly virus,people choose to step back into normal life only after they are vaccinated(接种疫苗).In this way,people could be confident that the risk is tolerable.
Nobody wants to be needlessly risky.But using our newly-acquired risk-assessment tools,we can once again learn and grow in our lives. 5
A.Take risks in a positive way.
B.But the self-protective mind state carries its own risk.
C.Overall happiness is one benefit of positive risk-taking.
D.Remember to tell one of your friends or family your destination.
E.Besides taking preventive steps,flexible thinking is also encouraged.
F.Like a ship sailing away from its harbor,that is what we were built to do.
G.For teenagers,this means risks like running for monitor or trying out for a team.
Passage 8
Having a college roommate is most people’s first experience,living with someone who is not related to them.It comes with both benefits and challenges. 1 You get an instant friend,someone to believe in and keep you company during your first time away from home.However,since many colleges randomly assign your first roommate,you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find challenging.Either way,here’s some good advice:
Establish some rules
2 In this way,you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict.Establish what space is whose,when you need quiet time to study,which items you can share,and what time you go to bed,if you like to sleep in on weekends.
Practice direct communication
Practicing direct communication will help you in good times and bad.Dorm rooms are close quarters,so even if you get along with your roommate,there is bound to be a disagreement or two. 3 You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader,so if you get upset or frustrated,communicate it to your roommate right away. 4 You’ll find such a way gets better reception and ultimately a better response than if you just attack or criticize.
Compromise sometimes
When it comes to doing chores around the room,listening to certain kinds of music,watching different TV shows and requesting privacy,compromise is key.If you give a little,your roommate will give a promising does not refer to giving in to all of someone’s requests. 5 So,use positive communication,and talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.
A.Make your preferences known from the start.
B.Instead,it means coming to a mutual agreement.
C.Handle such conflicts with open communication.
D.It refers to persuading others to accept your opinion.
E.Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully.
F.In this situation listening to your roommates is very important.
G.Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.
Passage 9
True beauty is not found in looks. 1 Changing the way you think about beauty will give you life-long confidence.
Place your beauty in your identity but not your identity in your beauty.If you hold onto youthful beauty as a narrow definition of yourself,you won’t enjoy your looks as you age. 2 Mirrors tell us only a part of what we show to the outer world.Go past your reflection and see your real self!
The fountain of youth doesn’t exist.Despite many anti-aging products,there is no magic solution to stopping the effects of aging.You should stop devaluing (贬低) yourself just because you are getting older.Aim for a healthy life and keep yourself strong and fit.Eat a healthy diet and be committed to a daily exercise routine.Lots of efforts are needed. 3
Beauty relates to physical and psychological aspects. 4 However,Serena Williams never hides her unusual powerful physique(体格).Instead,her showing her muscles enhances her appeal.Many fans think she is beautiful.This proves that looking beautiful and attractive goes beyond our looks.
5 Beauty matters to all of us,but to those who age beautifully,it matters neither too much nor too little.Do enjoy our lives to the fullest.True beauty is about accepting yourself.It is also about feeling good about yourself.
A.Everyone does it.
B.It comes from the inside.
C.Go beyond your mirror image.
D.You will feel better over a long term.
E.It’s human nature to believe beauty is everything.
F.People generally think beauty is only a skin-deep issue.
G.Be less scared of aging and you will look more beautiful.
Passage 1
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲绿色长城项目的进展情况。
1．A 段中题。根据下文“The U．N．says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent．(联合国表示，非洲多达45%的土地受到荒漠化的影响，比其他任何大陆都严重。)”可知，该空是介绍沙漠化对环境的影响，A项“It has severe impacts on the environment．(它对环境有严重影响。)”中的impacts为原词复现，是解题的关键信息。故选A。
2．D 段中题。根据下文“They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment．(它们包括有限的政治支持、缺乏资金、组织结构薄弱以及对环境的考虑不足。)”列举了各种问题，与D项“But the project has been facing many problems．(但该项目一直面临许多问题。)”呼应。故选D。
3．B 段尾题。根据空处位于段尾可知，此处应该是对该段的总结，上文“Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago．(自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来，只有400万公顷的土地变成了森林。)”讲述的是自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来取得的成绩，B项“That is only 4 percent of the program's goal．(这只是该计划目标的4%。)”中的that指代的内容与上文内容相符合。故选B。
4．E 段中题。根据下文“It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air．(它还可以降低该地区与气候相关的迁移水平，并从空气中捕获数亿吨二氧化碳。)”可知，该空是对项目好处的表述，E项“The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa．(该项目将在非洲农村地区创造数百万个绿色就业机会。)”讲述的该项目产生的影响，符合语境。故选E。
5．F 段首题。根据下文“They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent．(他们说，近年来非洲大陆东部取得了一些进展。)”可知，此空必须包含名词复数与该句中的代词they指代内容一致，F项“Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful．(尽管存在许多问题，但参与该项目的人仍然充满希望。)”中的those指代内容与they一致，结合上下文语境。故选F。
Passage 2
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友小技巧。
1．C 段中题。根据上文“For many people, our friends are the friends we met in high school or college．But that is not enough．(对许多人来说，我们的朋友就是我们在高中或大学时认识的朋友。但这还不够。)”可知，下文在语义上与上文构成转折关系。C项“We need to make friends with those new people that we meet in our lives．(我们需要和生活中遇到的新朋友交朋友。)”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
2．D 段尾题。根据本段小标题“Listen & Learn．(倾听并学习。)”可知，本段主要介绍要倾听和学习。D项“Get them to talk about their favorite subjects and they'll become closer to you．(让他们谈论他们最喜欢的话题，他们会离你更近。)”在内容上也讲述的是让朋友讲述自己的事情，符合语境。故选D。
3．F 段首题。根据本段小标题“Plan activities．(计划活动。)”以及后文“Bike rides, long walks, and short road trips are all great ways for a friendship to mature．(骑自行车、长距离散步和短途公路旅行都是友谊成熟的好方法。)”可知，本段讲述的是开展一些活动来加深朋友之间的关系。F项“Casual lunch or coffee meetings, exciting activities can bring two people closer together．(随意的午餐或咖啡会议，令人兴奋的活动可以拉近两个人的距离。)”在话题上与段落一致，符合语境。故选F。
4．A 小标题。根据下文“When that happens to our friends, it's important to support them with kind words, kind actions, and kind thoughts．Not only is it what you do for a friend in need but supporting your friend will solidify the trust that they have in you, further strengthening your close bond with them．(当这种情况发生在我们的朋友身上时，用善意的话语、善意的行动和善意的想法来支持他们是很重要的。这不仅是你为有需要的朋友所做的，而且支持你的朋友会巩固他们对你的信任，进一步加强你与他们的紧密联系。)”可知，这一段主要讲述的是朋友之间要互相帮助。A项“Be there in times of need．(在需要的时候到那里。)”符合本段主旨。故选A。
5．G 段尾题。根据上文“Writing about your life experiences and sharing them with the rest of the world will attract more friends wanting to know more about you．(写下你的生活经历并与世界其他地方分享，会吸引更多想了解你的朋友。)”可知，在网络上分享自己的故事，让朋友更好地了解自己。G项“Besides, your current friends will feel closer to you when they understand more about you．(此外，当你现在的朋友对你了解得更多时，他们会觉得离你更近。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
Passage 3
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和禁食锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。
1．D 段中题。根据上文“Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout．Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout．(有些人喜欢在去健身房之前先吃点东西，这被称为进食锻炼。另一些人则喜欢等到运动结束后再给身体补充能量，这被称为禁食锻炼。)”和下文“Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person．(许多专家说这个问题没有简单的答案，因为这取决于个人。)”可知，空处提出关于“锻炼前吃或者不吃这个问题”。D项中的the question和下文的answer对应。故选D。
2．C 段中题。根据上文“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights．(运动前吃点东西可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。)”可知，此处说明了运动前吃东西的好处，与C项的These benefits对应。故选C。
3．A 段中题。根据上文“Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat．(研究禁食锻炼的专家进一步声称，在运动之后吃东西会让你的身体把储存的脂肪用作能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪。)”和下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose(葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy．(它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。)”可知，上文提到禁食锻炼的好处，下文提到禁食锻炼的危害，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选A。
4．F 段首题。根据下文“Not all foods are created equal．(并不是所有的食物都生而一样。)”可知，空处提到锻炼应该吃什么很重要。故选F。
5．E 段尾题。根据上文“Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice．Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings．(决定何时进食进行理想的锻炼是个人的选择。禁食锻炼和进食锻炼都有各自的优点和缺点。)”可知，本段讨论的是如何做出决定的问题，E项中的before taking a choice与主旨对应。故选E。
Passage 4
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了树木粉刷成白色的原因。
1．F 段中题。根据上文“No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees—the fact that their bottoms are painted white．Generally speaking, the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects．(无论你走到哪里，你都会注意到树的一些奇怪之处——它们的底部都被漆成了白色。一般来说，刷白的目的是保护树木免受高温和昆虫的侵害。)”以及下文“Let's check them out！(让我们来看看吧！)”可知，空处与上文构成转折，指出粉刷树木还有其他原因。F选项“然而，粉刷树木还有很多其他原因”符合语境。故选F。
2．D 段中题。根据上文“You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks' surfaces get dry and crack easily．(有时你可能会注意到一些树干的表面很干燥，很容易开裂。)”以及下文“Simply put, they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night．Fortunately, painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen, which helps block the sun．(简单地说，它们暴露在烈日下，昼夜之间的温度变化很大。幸运的是，把树干涂成白色就像涂防晒霜一样，有助于阻挡阳光。)”可知，下文主要分析了树干开裂的原因。D选项“这种现象的原因已经找到了”符合语境。故选D。
3．E 段首题。根据下文“White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration (蒸腾) and growing their fruits．Additionally, when trees are cooler, they have less stress, which makes their stomata (气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases．(白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实。此外，当树木温度较低时，它们的压力较小，这使得它们的气孔保持开放的时间更长，以便进行气体交换。)”可知，下文提到白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实，即可以让树木保持凉爽。E选项“刷白可以帮助小树在春天保持凉爽”符合语境。故选E。
4．G 段中题。根据上文“More often than not, a tree's surface will crack, allowing insects to creep inside．(通常情况下，树的表面会裂开，让昆虫爬进去。)”以及下文“Therefore, people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks．(因此，人们用乳胶漆和水粉刷树木，防止昆虫爬上树，从裂缝进入内部。)”可知，空处说明昆虫爬进去的后果。G选项“细菌会以树的内部为食，最终杀死树”符合语境。故选G。
5．B 小标题。根据本段“Last but not least, the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road．Why is that important Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night, when drivers can not see them much more clearly．(最后但并非最不重要的是，树的表面被涂成白色，使它们更明显，特别是对那些在路边的来说。为什么这很重要？因为涉及树木的交通事故非常常见，尤其是在夜间，因为司机看不清树木。)”可知，本段的主旨是树木粉刷成白色可以提高司机的能见度。B选项“提高能见度”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 5
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何才能成为更好的储蓄者。
1．F 段中题。根据前句“It might be to save up for a new computer, put money aside into a rainy-day fund or put a deposit (押金) down for a loan on a house．(可能是攒钱买台新电脑，可能是存点钱以备不时之需，也可能是为买房贷款预付定金。)”和后半句“but a recent study showed that over half of all 22-29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all(但最近的一项研究显示，在英国，22-29岁的年轻人中，有一半以上的人根本没有存款)”可知，前后句构成转折关系，虽然学习储蓄很重要，但年轻人很少有存款。所以选项F“Learning how to save is important(学习如何储蓄很重要)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
2．C 段中题。根据前句“On top of that, according to a 2017 study, there is a huge pay gap in people in their twenties in the UK, with the top 10% earning 4．3 times per week as the lowest earners．(最重要的是，根据2017年的一项研究，英国20多岁人群的收入差距巨大，收入最高的10%的人每周收入是收入最低的人的4．3倍。)”可知，在英国，二十多岁的年轻人收入有很大的差距，这就导致一部分人慢慢形成了一种风气：等我赚多点钱的时候我再多攒钱。所以选项C“Possibly the idea of ‘saving more when I earn more’has happened(可能‘赚得多就存得多’的想法已经发生了)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
3．D 段首题。根据本段内容可知，本段讲述了三个存钱的方法。所以选项D“If we want to improve our ability to save, there are several ways(如果我们想提高我们的储蓄能力，有几种方法)”符合本段主旨。故选D。
4．B 段中题。根据前文“First of all, put a stop to those impulse (冲动) buys．(首先，停止冲动购物。)”和后文“Finally, setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings just after you receive your salary will ensure you have some money set aside for a time that you might need it．(最后，在你收到工资后，建立一个从你的活期账户转入储蓄账户的长期订单，这将确保你有一些钱存起来以备不时之需。)”可知，空处应该是与之对应的并列关系，介绍存钱的具体方法。所以选项B“Also, any change when you're using cash can be put in the jar or into your account(此外，当你使用现金时，任何零钱都可以放在罐子里或存入你的账户)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
5．E 段尾题。根据前文“While there is some good news about debt for the twenty—somethings in the UK, the fact that over half have no savings is seen as a cause for concern．While it could be due to some economic disparity(不同), there may be some other factors at play．(尽管对于英国20多岁的年轻人来说，有一些关于债务的好消息，但超过一半的人没有存款这一事实被视为一个令人担忧的原因。虽然这可能是由于一些经济差异，但可能还有其他一些因素在起作用。)”可知，英国20多岁的年轻人没有存款可能是由于经济或者其他因素，但仍然可以采取措施成为优秀的攒钱人。所以选项E“However, there are some steps we can take to help us all become better savers(然而，我们可以采取一些措施来帮助我们成为更好的储蓄者)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
Passage 6
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。新学期开始的时候，学生可能会因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的。本文就如何帮助学生重新适应学校生活提出了一些建议。
1．A 段中题。上文“When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it．They feel very nervous about going back to school．According to the experts, it's totally normal．Transitions(转变) are hard for everyone(当新学期开始时，许多孩子都感到很难过。他们对回到学校感到非常紧张。根据专家的说法，这是完全正常的。转变对每个人来说都很难)”可知，新学期开始，学生因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的。转变对每个人来说都很难，A 项“无论你是孩子还是成年人”承接上文，符合语境。空前的 everyone 是提示词。故选A。
2．D 段中题。上文“For parents, it's really important to know that it's very normal for their children to have a whole range of feelings about going back to school—from excitement, to anxiety and sadness, to even anger．(对于父母来说，知道孩子们对返校有各种各样的感受——从兴奋到焦虑、悲伤，甚至愤怒，是很正常的，这是非常重要的。)”可知，对父母来说，很重要的一点是，知道孩子对重返学校有各种各样的感受是很正常的。再结合空后一句“They might have stomachaches or headaches when thinking about returning to school in September．And that's all normal, too．(九月开学时，他们可能会胃痛或头痛。这些也都是正常的。)”可知，他们可能会出现胃痛或头痛，这也很正常。D 项“对于一些孩子来说，那些感觉甚至可能是身体上的”符合语境，从心理上的反应过渡到身体上的反应，承上启下。故选D。
3．B 段中题。上文“One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to(进入新生活的最好方法之一就是帮助孩子们专注于他们所期待的事情)”可知，让孩子适应新常规的最好方法之一就是帮助孩子专注于他们所期待的事情，B项“而不是让他们感到紧张的事情上”承接上文，与上文形成对比，符合语境。故选B。
4．F 段首题。根据下文“Walking or biking to the school can help．Hanging out with a kid who's going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety．(步行或骑自行车到学校可以有所帮助。和将要上同一年级的孩子一起出去玩是缓解焦虑的更好方法。)”可知，有两种缓解压力的办法，这些是提前让孩子适应学校的方法。F项“此外，在开学前适应新环境也是一个好主意”可引出下文的解释。故选F。
5．G 段中题。空后一句“ ‘If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school，’said an expert．(一位专家说：‘如果现在睡觉时间特别晚，或者根本没有睡觉时间，在你第一天上学之前，试着每天晚上提前一个小时。’)”提到睡眠问题以及解决办法，再结合空前一句中的getting enough sleep可知，本段建议调整就寝时间，G项“也建议孩子们应该在上学前一周将就寝时间调整到正常状态”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
Passage 7
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者认为疫情期间人们既要保护自己,也要进行适当的积极冒险,并给出了积极冒险的定义和应该采取的措施。
1.B 解析: 上一句提到“我们有很大的能力做出大大小小的选择来保护自己”,而下文却表明“这阻止我们迈出舒适圈和尝试新事物”,由此可知空格处应表示转折意义——“自我保护的心态也有其风险”,故选B项。
2.G 解析: 空格后“But what about those who develop into adults ”暗示空格所填句子应讲述青少年如何做出选择以保护自己,而G项“对于青少年来说,这意味着像竞选班长、报名参加一个团队这样的风险”符合语境,this指代前面的“positive risks”,故选G项。
3.D 解析: 此处讲述“进行一次成功的自行车骑行要提前做的准备,如充满电的手机和装满水的水瓶”,由此可知,空格应继续讲述为了顺利完成自行车骑行而采取的措施,D项“记得告诉你的一位朋友或家人你的目的地”符合语境,故选D项。
4.E 解析: 空格后是对“灵活思维”的解释,后面的举例表明,面对严重的病毒,人们选择在接种疫苗后回归日常生活,E项与空格后信息相符,下文的This指代E项中的“flexible thinking”,E项中的“besides taking preventive steps”也照应上文为了顺利完成自行车骑行采取的措施,故选E项。
5.F 解析: 文章开头用船比喻人,尽管在港口的船是安全的,但那不是造船的目的,以此来鼓励人们进行适当的冒险;文章中间部分讲述了适当冒险的好处、定义和相应措施,而F项“就像离开港口的船一样,我们存在的意义也是如此”照应文章开头,故选F项。
Passage 8
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了拥有大学室友的好处和挑战,并就如何与室友相处给出了一些实用建议。
1.G 解析: 上一句“It comes with both benefits and challenges.”阐述“拥有大学室友既有好处,又有挑战”的观点,而下文“However,since many colleges randomly assign your first roommate,you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find challenging.”则说明“由于学校会随机给你分配室友,你也会面临风险”,由此推知,空格处应说明拥有大学室友的一个好处,G项“Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.”符合语境,且该项中的“enhance your college experience”与上一句中的“benefits”相对应,故选G项。
2.A 解析: 通读本段,再根据本段标题“Establish some rules”以及下一句“In this way,you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict.”可知,A项“Make your preferences known from the start.”符合语境,承接本段标题句意,说明制定规则的目的是从一开始就让室友知道你的偏好,后一句接着谈到用这样的方法可以避免与室友产生冲突,且该选项中的“known”与下一句中“are clear”相呼应,故选A项。
3.C 解析: 由本段标题“Practice direct communication”和空后一句“You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader,so if you get upset or frustrated,communicate it to your roommate right away.”可知,当与室友有意见不一致的时候,要主动去沟通,因此C项“Handle such conflicts with open communication.”符合语境,该选项中“communication”与标题中的“communication”以及下一句中的“communicate”相呼应,故选C项。
4.E 解析: 由上一句“You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader,so if you get upset or frustrated,communicate it to your roommate right away.”和下一句“You’ll find such way gets better reception and ultimately a better response than if you just attack or criticize.”可知,E项“Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully.”承上启下,顺承上一句提出的沟通,阐述应该用尊重的语气正确地沟通,承接下文句意,良好的沟通方式能得到更好的回应,故选E项。
5.B 解析: 由上文“If you give a little,your roommate will give a promising does not refer to giving in to all of someone’s requests.”以及下一句“So,use positive communication,and talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.”可知,B项“Instead,it means coming to a mutual agreement.”符合语境,该选项与上一句构成转折关系,进一步阐述做出一些让步意味着达成协议,且该选项中的“a mutual agreement”与下一句中的“compromise”相呼应,故选B项。
Passage 9
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何改变对美的看法和如何真正让自己看起来更美的方法。
1.B 解析: 由上一句“True beauty is not found in looks.”可知,B项“It comes from the inside.”承接上文,故选B项。
2.C 解析: 由下一句“Mirrors tell us only a part of what we show to the outer world(镜子告诉我们的仅是我们展现给外界的一部分).”可知,C项“Go beyond your mirror image.”符合语境,故选C项。
3.D 解析: 由空格前“Lots of efforts are needed.”可知,过健康的生活需要长期的不懈努力。D项“You will feel better over a long term.”符合语境,故选D项。
4.F 解析: 由上一句“Beauty relates to physical and psychological aspects.”可知F项“People generally think beauty is only a skin-deep issue(人们通常认为美只是一个肤浅的问题).”符合语境,故选F项。
The process by which rich land becomes desert is called desertification (沙漠化)． 1 The U．N．says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent．
Africa's Great Green Wall is a project to build an 8,000-kilometer-long forest across 11 of the continent's countries．The project is meant to contain the growing Sahara Desert and fight climate change． 2 They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment．Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago． 3
Launched in 2007, the project aims to plant a forest from Senegal on the Atlantic Ocean in western Africa to Eritrea, Ethiopia and Djibouti in the east． 4 It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air．
5 They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent．For example, efforts in Eritrea and Sudan have resulted in nearly 140,000 hectares of newly planted forest．
The U．N．desertification agency says the project will need to plant an average of 8．2 million hectares yearly to reach its goal of 100 million hectares by 2030．
A．It has severe impacts on the environment．
B．That is only 4 percent of the program's goal．
C．However, it is difficult to carry out the project．
D．But the project has been facing many problems．
E．The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa．
F．Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful．
G．Some countries have struggled to keep up with the demands of the project．
Passage 2
For many people, our friends are the friends we met in high school or college．But that is not enough． 1 When it comes to becoming close friends with someone, follow the following tips to help you connect to a new person in a meaningful way．
Listen & learn．
Meeting up for lunch or coffee is a great opportunity to get to know your new friend．Be sure that during conversation, you listen to what they're telling you about their life, interests and passions．Take note of what they're particularly excited about and ask them more about it． 2
Plan activities．
3 Bike rides, long walks, and short road trips are all great ways for a friendship to mature．If you really want to know how to become close friends with someone, these activities will provide many opportunities to talk with each other．
4
Sometimes, life hits us with unexpected blows．When that happens to our friends, it's important to support them with kind words, kind actions, and kind thoughts．Not only is it what you do for a friend in need but supporting your friend will solidify the trust that they have in you, further strengthening your close bond with them．
Share stories on Peoplepedia．
When you and your friend sign up for Peoplepedia, you can share your stories and learn more about one another．Writing about your life experiences and sharing them with the rest of the world will attract more friends wanting to know more about you． 5
A．Be there in times of need．
B．Buy a gift for your friends on important occasions．
C．We need to make friends with those new people that we meet in our lives．
D．Get them to talk about their favorite subjects and they'll become closer to you．
E．If you want to promote your friendship, find an opportunity to stay more with them．
F．Casual lunch or coffee meetings, exciting activities can bring two people closer together．
G．Besides, your current friends will feel closer to you when they understand more about you．
Passage 3
Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout．Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout． 1 Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person．
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel．A fed workout will provide your body with power．Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights． 2 Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body．Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles．People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one．
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea．They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating．With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion．Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat． 3 It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose (葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy．You may even be more likely to overeat．
4 Not all foods are created equal．For example, if you choose a fed workout, you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand．With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete．Drink some water．Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack．
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice．Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings． 5
A．However, a fasted workout might not work for you．
B．How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity．
C．These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body．
D．To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts' minds．
E．Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice．
F．Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat．
G．A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts．
Passage 4
No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees—the fact that their bottoms are painted white．Generally speaking, the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects． 1 ．Let's check them out!
Blocking the sun
You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks' surfaces get dry and crack easily． 2 ．Simply put, they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night．Fortunately, painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen, which helps block the sun．
Heat protection
3 ．White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration(蒸腾) and growing their fruits．Additionally, when trees are cooler, they have less stress, which makes their stomata(气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases．
Defending against pests
More often than not, a tree's surface will crack, allowing insects to creep inside． 4 ．Therefore, people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks．
5
Last but not least, the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road．Why is that important Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night, when drivers can not see them much more clearly．
A．Stopping accidents
B．Improving visibility
C．Whitewashing is a good way to solve the problem
D．The cause of this phenomenon has already been found
E．Whitewashing helps young trees remain cool in spring
F．However, there're many other reasons for whitewashing trees
G．Bacteria will feed on the tree's inner parts, eventually killing it
Passage 5
We often try to save money for a variety of reasons．It might be to save up for a new computer, put money aside into a rainy-day fund or put a deposit (押金) down for a loan on a house． 1 , but a recent study showed that over half of all 22-29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all．Did they splurge (挥霍) and splash out (花大笔钱) on too many things, or are there other factors And how can we become better savers
Many young people in the UK choose to live far away from home, and the cost of renting can impact the amount we can put away in our savings．On top of that, according to a 2017 study, there is a huge pay gap in people in their twenties in the UK, with the top 10% earning 4．3 times per week as the lowest earners． 2 ．However, there was positive, with the number of people in debt, not including student loans for university, having fallen from 49% 10 years ago to 37%．
3 ．First of all, put a stop to those impulse (冲动) buys．Ask yourself if you really need to buy something, even if it is on sale or looks like a bargain．One way you could control your spending urges is by using cash rather than card．Withdrawing cash before you go to a restaurant or go shopping sets a fixed budget you must adhere (遵守) to． 4 ．Finally, setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings just after you receive your salary will ensure you have some money set aside for a time that you might need it．Just after getting paid is a good idea for this as it means you save before you've had the chance to spend．
While there is some good news about debt for the twenty—somethings in the UK, the fact that over half have no savings is seen as a cause for concern．While it could be due to some economic disparity(不同), there may be some other factors at play． 5 ．
A．Sometimes we get the urge to spend money
B．Also, any change when you're using cash can be put in the jar or into your account
C．Possibly the idea of “saving more when I earn more” has happened
D．If we want to improve our ability to save, there are several ways
E．However, there are some steps we can take to help us all become better savers
F．Learning how to save is important
G．Therefore, it is important for us to be good savers
Passage 6
When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it．They feel very nervous about going back to school．According to the experts, it's totally normal．Transitions(转变) are hard for everyone, 1 ．That's because routines are healthy for us, and changing into a new one can throw us off．
For parents, it's really important to know that it's very normal for their children to have a whole range of feelings about going back to school—from excitement, to anxiety and sadness, to even anger． 2 ．They might have stomachaches or headaches when thinking about returning to school in September．And that's all normal, too．
One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to, 3 ．It could be one friend they're excited to see or even the idea of walking to school every day．
4 ．Walking or biking to the school can help．Hanging out with a kid who's going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety．
Getting enough sleep, exercising, and talking to reliable adults and friends are other effective ways to cope with anxiety and negative feelings． 5 ．“If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school，” said an expert．
A．whether you're a kid or an adult
B．rather than what makes them feel nervous
C．instead of returning to school without preparation
D．For some kids, those feelings can even be physical
E．Most parents don't have empathy for their children's feelings
F．Besides, getting used to the new environment before school starts is also a good idea
G．It's also suggested that kids should get their bedtime back on track a week ahead of school
Passage 7
“A ship in the harbor is safe,but that is not what ships are built for,” said John A.Shedd,an early 20th century author.Throughout the pandemic,we’ve all become used to assessing risk in new ways.We’ve come to understand,though we can never get rid of risk altogether,we have great power to make choices both large and small to protect ourselves. 1 It stops us from stepping outside of our comfort zones and trying new things.
Developmental psychologists talk about “positive risks”—socially acceptable risks that our lives can benefit from. 2 But what about those who develop into adults Researchers have found that happiness for older adults is being able to choose how they spend their time,including ways that are adventurous,new and even—like hiking or other outdoor activities—mildly risky.
One guide to positive risk management lists ways that people can make sure their risks are on the “safe” side of the risk range.For example,to ensure a successful bike ride,you should in advance equip yourself with a fully-charged cell phone and a full water bottle. 3 Or if you are concerned about your physical capacity,consult a certified trainer or medical professional before departure.
4 This means adapting to changing situations.In response to the deadly virus,people choose to step back into normal life only after they are vaccinated(接种疫苗).In this way,people could be confident that the risk is tolerable.
Nobody wants to be needlessly risky.But using our newly-acquired risk-assessment tools,we can once again learn and grow in our lives. 5
A.Take risks in a positive way.
B.But the self-protective mind state carries its own risk.
C.Overall happiness is one benefit of positive risk-taking.
D.Remember to tell one of your friends or family your destination.
E.Besides taking preventive steps,flexible thinking is also encouraged.
F.Like a ship sailing away from its harbor,that is what we were built to do.
G.For teenagers,this means risks like running for monitor or trying out for a team.
Passage 8
Having a college roommate is most people’s first experience,living with someone who is not related to them.It comes with both benefits and challenges. 1 You get an instant friend,someone to believe in and keep you company during your first time away from home.However,since many colleges randomly assign your first roommate,you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find challenging.Either way,here’s some good advice:
Establish some rules
2 In this way,you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict.Establish what space is whose,when you need quiet time to study,which items you can share,and what time you go to bed,if you like to sleep in on weekends.
Practice direct communication
Practicing direct communication will help you in good times and bad.Dorm rooms are close quarters,so even if you get along with your roommate,there is bound to be a disagreement or two. 3 You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader,so if you get upset or frustrated,communicate it to your roommate right away. 4 You’ll find such a way gets better reception and ultimately a better response than if you just attack or criticize.
Compromise sometimes
When it comes to doing chores around the room,listening to certain kinds of music,watching different TV shows and requesting privacy,compromise is key.If you give a little,your roommate will give a promising does not refer to giving in to all of someone’s requests. 5 So,use positive communication,and talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.
A.Make your preferences known from the start.
B.Instead,it means coming to a mutual agreement.
C.Handle such conflicts with open communication.
D.It refers to persuading others to accept your opinion.
E.Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully.
F.In this situation listening to your roommates is very important.
G.Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.
Passage 9
True beauty is not found in looks. 1 Changing the way you think about beauty will give you life-long confidence.
Place your beauty in your identity but not your identity in your beauty.If you hold onto youthful beauty as a narrow definition of yourself,you won’t enjoy your looks as you age. 2 Mirrors tell us only a part of what we show to the outer world.Go past your reflection and see your real self!
The fountain of youth doesn’t exist.Despite many anti-aging products,there is no magic solution to stopping the effects of aging.You should stop devaluing (贬低) yourself just because you are getting older.Aim for a healthy life and keep yourself strong and fit.Eat a healthy diet and be committed to a daily exercise routine.Lots of efforts are needed. 3
Beauty relates to physical and psychological aspects. 4 However,Serena Williams never hides her unusual powerful physique(体格).Instead,her showing her muscles enhances her appeal.Many fans think she is beautiful.This proves that looking beautiful and attractive goes beyond our looks.
5 Beauty matters to all of us,but to those who age beautifully,it matters neither too much nor too little.Do enjoy our lives to the fullest.True beauty is about accepting yourself.It is also about feeling good about yourself.
A.Everyone does it.
B.It comes from the inside.
C.Go beyond your mirror image.
D.You will feel better over a long term.
E.It’s human nature to believe beauty is everything.
F.People generally think beauty is only a skin-deep issue.
G.Be less scared of aging and you will look more beautiful.
Passage 1
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲绿色长城项目的进展情况。
1．A 段中题。根据下文“The U．N．says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent．(联合国表示，非洲多达45%的土地受到荒漠化的影响，比其他任何大陆都严重。)”可知，该空是介绍沙漠化对环境的影响，A项“It has severe impacts on the environment．(它对环境有严重影响。)”中的impacts为原词复现，是解题的关键信息。故选A。
2．D 段中题。根据下文“They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment．(它们包括有限的政治支持、缺乏资金、组织结构薄弱以及对环境的考虑不足。)”列举了各种问题，与D项“But the project has been facing many problems．(但该项目一直面临许多问题。)”呼应。故选D。
3．B 段尾题。根据空处位于段尾可知，此处应该是对该段的总结，上文“Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago．(自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来，只有400万公顷的土地变成了森林。)”讲述的是自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来取得的成绩，B项“That is only 4 percent of the program's goal．(这只是该计划目标的4%。)”中的that指代的内容与上文内容相符合。故选B。
4．E 段中题。根据下文“It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air．(它还可以降低该地区与气候相关的迁移水平，并从空气中捕获数亿吨二氧化碳。)”可知，该空是对项目好处的表述，E项“The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa．(该项目将在非洲农村地区创造数百万个绿色就业机会。)”讲述的该项目产生的影响，符合语境。故选E。
5．F 段首题。根据下文“They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent．(他们说，近年来非洲大陆东部取得了一些进展。)”可知，此空必须包含名词复数与该句中的代词they指代内容一致，F项“Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful．(尽管存在许多问题，但参与该项目的人仍然充满希望。)”中的those指代内容与they一致，结合上下文语境。故选F。
Passage 2
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友小技巧。
1．C 段中题。根据上文“For many people, our friends are the friends we met in high school or college．But that is not enough．(对许多人来说，我们的朋友就是我们在高中或大学时认识的朋友。但这还不够。)”可知，下文在语义上与上文构成转折关系。C项“We need to make friends with those new people that we meet in our lives．(我们需要和生活中遇到的新朋友交朋友。)”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
2．D 段尾题。根据本段小标题“Listen & Learn．(倾听并学习。)”可知，本段主要介绍要倾听和学习。D项“Get them to talk about their favorite subjects and they'll become closer to you．(让他们谈论他们最喜欢的话题，他们会离你更近。)”在内容上也讲述的是让朋友讲述自己的事情，符合语境。故选D。
3．F 段首题。根据本段小标题“Plan activities．(计划活动。)”以及后文“Bike rides, long walks, and short road trips are all great ways for a friendship to mature．(骑自行车、长距离散步和短途公路旅行都是友谊成熟的好方法。)”可知，本段讲述的是开展一些活动来加深朋友之间的关系。F项“Casual lunch or coffee meetings, exciting activities can bring two people closer together．(随意的午餐或咖啡会议，令人兴奋的活动可以拉近两个人的距离。)”在话题上与段落一致，符合语境。故选F。
4．A 小标题。根据下文“When that happens to our friends, it's important to support them with kind words, kind actions, and kind thoughts．Not only is it what you do for a friend in need but supporting your friend will solidify the trust that they have in you, further strengthening your close bond with them．(当这种情况发生在我们的朋友身上时，用善意的话语、善意的行动和善意的想法来支持他们是很重要的。这不仅是你为有需要的朋友所做的，而且支持你的朋友会巩固他们对你的信任，进一步加强你与他们的紧密联系。)”可知，这一段主要讲述的是朋友之间要互相帮助。A项“Be there in times of need．(在需要的时候到那里。)”符合本段主旨。故选A。
5．G 段尾题。根据上文“Writing about your life experiences and sharing them with the rest of the world will attract more friends wanting to know more about you．(写下你的生活经历并与世界其他地方分享，会吸引更多想了解你的朋友。)”可知，在网络上分享自己的故事，让朋友更好地了解自己。G项“Besides, your current friends will feel closer to you when they understand more about you．(此外，当你现在的朋友对你了解得更多时，他们会觉得离你更近。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
Passage 3
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和禁食锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。
1．D 段中题。根据上文“Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout．Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout．(有些人喜欢在去健身房之前先吃点东西，这被称为进食锻炼。另一些人则喜欢等到运动结束后再给身体补充能量，这被称为禁食锻炼。)”和下文“Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person．(许多专家说这个问题没有简单的答案，因为这取决于个人。)”可知，空处提出关于“锻炼前吃或者不吃这个问题”。D项中的the question和下文的answer对应。故选D。
2．C 段中题。根据上文“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights．(运动前吃点东西可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。)”可知，此处说明了运动前吃东西的好处，与C项的These benefits对应。故选C。
3．A 段中题。根据上文“Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat．(研究禁食锻炼的专家进一步声称，在运动之后吃东西会让你的身体把储存的脂肪用作能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪。)”和下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose(葡萄糖) levels, and you may feel dizzy．(它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。)”可知，上文提到禁食锻炼的好处，下文提到禁食锻炼的危害，上下文之间形成转折关系。故选A。
4．F 段首题。根据下文“Not all foods are created equal．(并不是所有的食物都生而一样。)”可知，空处提到锻炼应该吃什么很重要。故选F。
5．E 段尾题。根据上文“Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice．Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings．(决定何时进食进行理想的锻炼是个人的选择。禁食锻炼和进食锻炼都有各自的优点和缺点。)”可知，本段讨论的是如何做出决定的问题，E项中的before taking a choice与主旨对应。故选E。
Passage 4
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了树木粉刷成白色的原因。
1．F 段中题。根据上文“No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees—the fact that their bottoms are painted white．Generally speaking, the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects．(无论你走到哪里，你都会注意到树的一些奇怪之处——它们的底部都被漆成了白色。一般来说，刷白的目的是保护树木免受高温和昆虫的侵害。)”以及下文“Let's check them out！(让我们来看看吧！)”可知，空处与上文构成转折，指出粉刷树木还有其他原因。F选项“然而，粉刷树木还有很多其他原因”符合语境。故选F。
2．D 段中题。根据上文“You might sometimes notice that some tree trunks' surfaces get dry and crack easily．(有时你可能会注意到一些树干的表面很干燥，很容易开裂。)”以及下文“Simply put, they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night．Fortunately, painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen, which helps block the sun．(简单地说，它们暴露在烈日下，昼夜之间的温度变化很大。幸运的是，把树干涂成白色就像涂防晒霜一样，有助于阻挡阳光。)”可知，下文主要分析了树干开裂的原因。D选项“这种现象的原因已经找到了”符合语境。故选D。
3．E 段首题。根据下文“White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration (蒸腾) and growing their fruits．Additionally, when trees are cooler, they have less stress, which makes their stomata (气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases．(白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实。此外，当树木温度较低时，它们的压力较小，这使得它们的气孔保持开放的时间更长，以便进行气体交换。)”可知，下文提到白色的油漆可以反射热量，让树木有更多的时间蒸腾和生长果实，即可以让树木保持凉爽。E选项“刷白可以帮助小树在春天保持凉爽”符合语境。故选E。
4．G 段中题。根据上文“More often than not, a tree's surface will crack, allowing insects to creep inside．(通常情况下，树的表面会裂开，让昆虫爬进去。)”以及下文“Therefore, people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks．(因此，人们用乳胶漆和水粉刷树木，防止昆虫爬上树，从裂缝进入内部。)”可知，空处说明昆虫爬进去的后果。G选项“细菌会以树的内部为食，最终杀死树”符合语境。故选G。
5．B 小标题。根据本段“Last but not least, the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road．Why is that important Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night, when drivers can not see them much more clearly．(最后但并非最不重要的是，树的表面被涂成白色，使它们更明显，特别是对那些在路边的来说。为什么这很重要？因为涉及树木的交通事故非常常见，尤其是在夜间，因为司机看不清树木。)”可知，本段的主旨是树木粉刷成白色可以提高司机的能见度。B选项“提高能见度”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 5
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何才能成为更好的储蓄者。
1．F 段中题。根据前句“It might be to save up for a new computer, put money aside into a rainy-day fund or put a deposit (押金) down for a loan on a house．(可能是攒钱买台新电脑，可能是存点钱以备不时之需，也可能是为买房贷款预付定金。)”和后半句“but a recent study showed that over half of all 22-29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all(但最近的一项研究显示，在英国，22-29岁的年轻人中，有一半以上的人根本没有存款)”可知，前后句构成转折关系，虽然学习储蓄很重要，但年轻人很少有存款。所以选项F“Learning how to save is important(学习如何储蓄很重要)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
2．C 段中题。根据前句“On top of that, according to a 2017 study, there is a huge pay gap in people in their twenties in the UK, with the top 10% earning 4．3 times per week as the lowest earners．(最重要的是，根据2017年的一项研究，英国20多岁人群的收入差距巨大，收入最高的10%的人每周收入是收入最低的人的4．3倍。)”可知，在英国，二十多岁的年轻人收入有很大的差距，这就导致一部分人慢慢形成了一种风气：等我赚多点钱的时候我再多攒钱。所以选项C“Possibly the idea of ‘saving more when I earn more’has happened(可能‘赚得多就存得多’的想法已经发生了)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
3．D 段首题。根据本段内容可知，本段讲述了三个存钱的方法。所以选项D“If we want to improve our ability to save, there are several ways(如果我们想提高我们的储蓄能力，有几种方法)”符合本段主旨。故选D。
4．B 段中题。根据前文“First of all, put a stop to those impulse (冲动) buys．(首先，停止冲动购物。)”和后文“Finally, setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings just after you receive your salary will ensure you have some money set aside for a time that you might need it．(最后，在你收到工资后，建立一个从你的活期账户转入储蓄账户的长期订单，这将确保你有一些钱存起来以备不时之需。)”可知，空处应该是与之对应的并列关系，介绍存钱的具体方法。所以选项B“Also, any change when you're using cash can be put in the jar or into your account(此外，当你使用现金时，任何零钱都可以放在罐子里或存入你的账户)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
5．E 段尾题。根据前文“While there is some good news about debt for the twenty—somethings in the UK, the fact that over half have no savings is seen as a cause for concern．While it could be due to some economic disparity(不同), there may be some other factors at play．(尽管对于英国20多岁的年轻人来说，有一些关于债务的好消息，但超过一半的人没有存款这一事实被视为一个令人担忧的原因。虽然这可能是由于一些经济差异，但可能还有其他一些因素在起作用。)”可知，英国20多岁的年轻人没有存款可能是由于经济或者其他因素，但仍然可以采取措施成为优秀的攒钱人。所以选项E“However, there are some steps we can take to help us all become better savers(然而，我们可以采取一些措施来帮助我们成为更好的储蓄者)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
Passage 6
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。新学期开始的时候，学生可能会因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的。本文就如何帮助学生重新适应学校生活提出了一些建议。
1．A 段中题。上文“When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it．They feel very nervous about going back to school．According to the experts, it's totally normal．Transitions(转变) are hard for everyone(当新学期开始时，许多孩子都感到很难过。他们对回到学校感到非常紧张。根据专家的说法，这是完全正常的。转变对每个人来说都很难)”可知，新学期开始，学生因重返学校而感到很紧张，这是很正常的。转变对每个人来说都很难，A 项“无论你是孩子还是成年人”承接上文，符合语境。空前的 everyone 是提示词。故选A。
2．D 段中题。上文“For parents, it's really important to know that it's very normal for their children to have a whole range of feelings about going back to school—from excitement, to anxiety and sadness, to even anger．(对于父母来说，知道孩子们对返校有各种各样的感受——从兴奋到焦虑、悲伤，甚至愤怒，是很正常的，这是非常重要的。)”可知，对父母来说，很重要的一点是，知道孩子对重返学校有各种各样的感受是很正常的。再结合空后一句“They might have stomachaches or headaches when thinking about returning to school in September．And that's all normal, too．(九月开学时，他们可能会胃痛或头痛。这些也都是正常的。)”可知，他们可能会出现胃痛或头痛，这也很正常。D 项“对于一些孩子来说，那些感觉甚至可能是身体上的”符合语境，从心理上的反应过渡到身体上的反应，承上启下。故选D。
3．B 段中题。上文“One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to(进入新生活的最好方法之一就是帮助孩子们专注于他们所期待的事情)”可知，让孩子适应新常规的最好方法之一就是帮助孩子专注于他们所期待的事情，B项“而不是让他们感到紧张的事情上”承接上文，与上文形成对比，符合语境。故选B。
4．F 段首题。根据下文“Walking or biking to the school can help．Hanging out with a kid who's going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety．(步行或骑自行车到学校可以有所帮助。和将要上同一年级的孩子一起出去玩是缓解焦虑的更好方法。)”可知，有两种缓解压力的办法，这些是提前让孩子适应学校的方法。F项“此外，在开学前适应新环境也是一个好主意”可引出下文的解释。故选F。
5．G 段中题。空后一句“ ‘If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school，’said an expert．(一位专家说：‘如果现在睡觉时间特别晚，或者根本没有睡觉时间，在你第一天上学之前，试着每天晚上提前一个小时。’)”提到睡眠问题以及解决办法，再结合空前一句中的getting enough sleep可知，本段建议调整就寝时间，G项“也建议孩子们应该在上学前一周将就寝时间调整到正常状态”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
Passage 7
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者认为疫情期间人们既要保护自己,也要进行适当的积极冒险,并给出了积极冒险的定义和应该采取的措施。
1.B 解析: 上一句提到“我们有很大的能力做出大大小小的选择来保护自己”,而下文却表明“这阻止我们迈出舒适圈和尝试新事物”,由此可知空格处应表示转折意义——“自我保护的心态也有其风险”,故选B项。
2.G 解析: 空格后“But what about those who develop into adults ”暗示空格所填句子应讲述青少年如何做出选择以保护自己,而G项“对于青少年来说,这意味着像竞选班长、报名参加一个团队这样的风险”符合语境,this指代前面的“positive risks”,故选G项。
3.D 解析: 此处讲述“进行一次成功的自行车骑行要提前做的准备,如充满电的手机和装满水的水瓶”,由此可知,空格应继续讲述为了顺利完成自行车骑行而采取的措施,D项“记得告诉你的一位朋友或家人你的目的地”符合语境,故选D项。
4.E 解析: 空格后是对“灵活思维”的解释,后面的举例表明,面对严重的病毒,人们选择在接种疫苗后回归日常生活,E项与空格后信息相符,下文的This指代E项中的“flexible thinking”,E项中的“besides taking preventive steps”也照应上文为了顺利完成自行车骑行采取的措施,故选E项。
5.F 解析: 文章开头用船比喻人,尽管在港口的船是安全的,但那不是造船的目的,以此来鼓励人们进行适当的冒险;文章中间部分讲述了适当冒险的好处、定义和相应措施,而F项“就像离开港口的船一样,我们存在的意义也是如此”照应文章开头,故选F项。
Passage 8
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了拥有大学室友的好处和挑战,并就如何与室友相处给出了一些实用建议。
1.G 解析: 上一句“It comes with both benefits and challenges.”阐述“拥有大学室友既有好处,又有挑战”的观点,而下文“However,since many colleges randomly assign your first roommate,you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find challenging.”则说明“由于学校会随机给你分配室友,你也会面临风险”,由此推知,空格处应说明拥有大学室友的一个好处,G项“Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.”符合语境,且该项中的“enhance your college experience”与上一句中的“benefits”相对应,故选G项。
2.A 解析: 通读本段,再根据本段标题“Establish some rules”以及下一句“In this way,you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict.”可知,A项“Make your preferences known from the start.”符合语境,承接本段标题句意,说明制定规则的目的是从一开始就让室友知道你的偏好,后一句接着谈到用这样的方法可以避免与室友产生冲突,且该选项中的“known”与下一句中“are clear”相呼应,故选A项。
3.C 解析: 由本段标题“Practice direct communication”和空后一句“You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader,so if you get upset or frustrated,communicate it to your roommate right away.”可知,当与室友有意见不一致的时候,要主动去沟通,因此C项“Handle such conflicts with open communication.”符合语境,该选项中“communication”与标题中的“communication”以及下一句中的“communicate”相呼应,故选C项。
4.E 解析: 由上一句“You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader,so if you get upset or frustrated,communicate it to your roommate right away.”和下一句“You’ll find such way gets better reception and ultimately a better response than if you just attack or criticize.”可知,E项“Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully.”承上启下,顺承上一句提出的沟通,阐述应该用尊重的语气正确地沟通,承接下文句意,良好的沟通方式能得到更好的回应,故选E项。
5.B 解析: 由上文“If you give a little,your roommate will give a promising does not refer to giving in to all of someone’s requests.”以及下一句“So,use positive communication,and talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.”可知,B项“Instead,it means coming to a mutual agreement.”符合语境,该选项与上一句构成转折关系,进一步阐述做出一些让步意味着达成协议,且该选项中的“a mutual agreement”与下一句中的“compromise”相呼应,故选B项。
Passage 9
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何改变对美的看法和如何真正让自己看起来更美的方法。
1.B 解析: 由上一句“True beauty is not found in looks.”可知,B项“It comes from the inside.”承接上文,故选B项。
2.C 解析: 由下一句“Mirrors tell us only a part of what we show to the outer world(镜子告诉我们的仅是我们展现给外界的一部分).”可知,C项“Go beyond your mirror image.”符合语境,故选C项。
3.D 解析: 由空格前“Lots of efforts are needed.”可知,过健康的生活需要长期的不懈努力。D项“You will feel better over a long term.”符合语境,故选D项。
4.F 解析: 由上一句“Beauty relates to physical and psychological aspects.”可知F项“People generally think beauty is only a skin-deep issue(人们通常认为美只是一个肤浅的问题).”符合语境,故选F项。