(共81张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 6 Earth first
英 语
通词句基础自测
[必背写作词汇]
教材单词
1. v.把……作为目标
2. n.(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法,态度
3. v.破损,损害,损伤
4. v.影响
5. n.煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
6. n.(尤指大学里的)讲座,讲课,演讲
7. n.数量,数额
8. v.移走,搬走,去掉
9. adj.平均(数)的
target
attitude
damage
affect
supply
lecture
amount
remove
average
[识记阅读词汇]
1.shark n.
2.fin v.
n.
3.dive v.
4.ocean n.
5.highlight v.
6.staff n.
7.drought n.
8.flood n.
鲨(鱼)
切去(鱼的)鳍
鱼鳍
(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
海洋,大海
使……突出,使注意力集中于
员工
旱灾,干旱
洪水,水灾
9.restore v.
10.sustainable adj.
11.bulb n.
12.renewable adj.
13.carbon n.
14.greenhouse n.
15.reusable adj.
16.brochure n.
17.solar adj.
18.release v.
使恢复
可持续的,不破坏环境的
灯泡
(能源)可更新的,可再生的,可恢复的
碳
温室,暖房
可再度使用的,可多次使用的
小册子
利用太阳光(能)的
释放,排放
19.smog n.
20.fog n.
21.infection n.
22.slide n.
23.false adj.
24.device n.
25.stand-by adj.
26.mode n.
烟雾,雾霾
雾
感染,传染病
幻灯片
不正确的,错误的
设备,仪器,装置
备用的
(机器、设备的)运行方式,状态,模式
27.leak v.
28.appliance n.
29.plug n.
30.litre n.
31.campaign n.
32.canteen n.
(使)漏,(使)渗漏
家用电器,家用器具
(电)插头
升,公升
(宣传)活动
(工厂、学校等的)食堂,餐厅
[构织连脉词汇]
1.______________ v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬→__________ adj.恐惧的;害怕的
→______________ adj.恐怖的,吓人的
2.______________ adv.幸运地→______________ adj.幸运的→______________ n.幸运
3.______________ n.灭绝,绝种→______________ adj.已灭绝的
4.______________ v.致力,献身,倾注→______________ adj.挚爱的,忠诚的→______________ n.关爱,奉献,专心
5.______________ n.残忍,残酷,残暴→______________ adj.残酷的,残忍的
6.______________ n.打猎,狩猎→______________ v.打猎
scare
scared
scary
fortunately
fortunate
fortune
extinction
extinct
devote
devoted
devotion
cruelty
cruel
hunting
hunt
7.______________ n.报告,(观点的)陈述,说明
→______________ v.提出,介绍,呈现
8.______________ n.(野生生物)保护区→______________ n.预定,预约
9.______________ v.建立,设立→______________ n.确立,建立
10.______________ v.采取(某种方法)→_____________ adj.收养的,领养的→______________ n.采用,收养
11.______________ v.减少,降低→______________ n.减少
12.______________ adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的→______________ adv.严重地
13.______________ n.允许,许可→______________ vt.允许,准许
presentation
present
reserve
reservation
establish
establishment
adopt
adopted
adoption
reduce
reduction
severe
severely
permission
permit
14.______________ n.多数,大多数(人或物)
→______________ v.主修 adj.主要的,重要的
15.______________ n.电→______________ adj.用电的,发电的
16._________ v.竭力主张,强烈要求,敦促→______________ adj.紧急的
17.______________ adj.焦急的,担忧的
→______________ v.涉及,与……有关;使担心,使担忧 n.担心,忧虑,关心
18.______________ v.促成,造成(某事发生)→______________ n.贡献,捐助
majority
major
electricity
electrical
urge
urgent
concerned
concern
contribute
contribution
常用短语
1. 害怕地
2. 害怕
3. 由于,因为
4. 切掉;被隔绝
5. 对……有影响
6. 把……看作……
7. 相反的情况
8. 把……错当成……
9. 分解;发生故障;(计划、谈判等)失败;(身体)垮掉
in fear
be scared/frightened/afraid of
due to
cut off
have an effect on
see...as...
the other way round
mistake...for...
break down
10. 讲述……的故事
11. 错误地;无意中
12. 提高……意识
13. 目的是……;旨在……
14. 阻止……做……
15. 大多数……
16. 多达,高达
17. 号召
18. 把……考虑进去
tell the story of
by mistake
raise awareness of...
be aimed at...
keep...from doing...
the majority of...
up to
call on
take...into account
重点句型
1.Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】形容词(短语)做状语
由于害怕电影里可怕的生物,有些人不再去海里游泳了。
2.Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】部分否定
幸运的是,并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人开始对了解它们感兴趣。
3.However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】倍数表达法
然而,生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍,耗水则多达三倍。
提能力增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.scare v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬
【归纳】(1)scare...away/off把……吓跑
scare sb into doing sth恐吓某人做某事
(2)scared adj.害怕的;恐惧的
be scared of sb/sth害怕某人/某物
be scared of doing sth/to do sth害怕做某事
be scared that...害怕……
be scared to death吓得要死
【佳句】She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.
面试时她吓坏了,以至于完全忘了该怎么回答这些问题。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·浙江卷改编)We yelled at the bear,hit pots hard,and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears .
A.off B.up
C.down D.inside
A
②It is not wise for parents to try to scare their children into well.
A.living B.behaving
C.fighting D.answering
③We to death when we found the ground was shaking.
A.were scaring B.scared
C.were scared D.scare
【写美】句式升级·背诵
④Elli and I were scared that the bear would return,so we climbed into the helicopter.
→ ,Elli and I climbed into the helicopter.(形容词短语作状语)
B
C
Scared that the bear would return
2.target v.把……作为目标,把……作为批评的对象 n.目标;对象;靶
【归纳】(1)target sth on/at sb/sth将……当作……的目标/对象;把……对准
be targeted at目标是;面向
(2)a target for...……的目标
set a target制定目标
meet/achieve a target完成/达到目标
(3)targeted adj.有目标的
【佳句】Only when combined with targets can great efforts help people realize their full potential.
只有与目标相结合,巨大的努力才能帮助人们充分发挥他们的潜力。
【练会】单项填空
①(2019·北京卷改编)Armed with this knowledge,they're able to carry out individually campaigns to cheat people.
A.armed B.furnished
C.targeted D.equipped
②(2020·天津卷改编)This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community,who are easy of cheating.
A.targets B.ways
C.aims D.directions
C
A
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我听说这个项目是针对英语流利的学生。
I heard that the programme students who speak English fluently.(应用文写作之申请信)
is targeted at
3.devote v.致力,献身,倾注,专心
【归纳】(1)devote...to...把……奉献于……
devote oneself to献身于……;致力于……
(2)devoted adj.忠诚的;挚爱的
be devoted to...专心于……;奉献于……
(3)devotion n.关爱;关照;奉献;忠诚
【点津】devote...to...中的to是介词,其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。类似短语有:
adapt/adjust...to...使……适应……
be addicted to...对……上瘾
apply...to...把……应用于……
attach...to...把……附在……上
【佳句】Regardless of the risk of getting infected,Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.
尽管有被感染的危险,李叔叔还是很有责任心,对工作很投入。
【练会】单项填空
①Since the school attaches great importance to this tournament,I sincerely hope we can devote to becoming a stronger team.
A.us B.ourselves
C.we D.our
②Teachers' to education should receive great respect from everyone because it benefits the development of society.
A.access B.explanation
C.devotion D.note
B
C
【写美】句式升级·背诵
③The doctor devoted himself to helping the patients,so he won respect and praise from all over the country.
→ ,the doctor won respect and praise from all over the country.(动词-ing形式作状语)
→ ,the doctor won respect and praise from all over the country.(动词-ed形式作状语)
Devoting himself to helping the patients
Devoted to helping the patients
4.reserve n.(野生生物)保护区;储备
v.保持;保留;预订
【归纳】(1)without reserve完全;毫无保留地
in reserve储备,备用
(2)reserve...for sb/sth为某人/某物保留/预订……
(3)reservation n.保留;(房间、座位等的)预订
make a reservation预订
【练会】单项填空
①I'm sure that he won't adopt our suggestion reserve.
A.before B.without C.for D.after
②I will call the restaurant and make a in case there's none left.
A.table B.room
C.reservation D.conservation
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
③I'd like to book a table in advance for three at eight o'clock.
→I'd like to a table for three at eight o'clock.
B
C
reserve
5.remove v.移走,搬走,去掉;开除,免职;脱去(衣服等)
【归纳】(1)remove...from...把……从……移开/撤掉
remove sb from one's post撤职;开除某人
remove sb from school开除某人;勒令某人退学
remove one's doubt/sorrow消除某人的疑虑/悲伤
(2)removal n.移动;去除;搬迁;免职
【练会】单项填空
①(2021·全国乙卷改编)If you're the host,you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them the situation.
A.from B.to
C.beyond D.by
②The kidney plays a vital role in the of waste products from the blood.
A.carrying B.removal
C.remaining D.protection
A
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③就我个人而言,我认为应该删除这个关于娱乐的专栏。
As far as I'm concerned,I think that
.(应用文写作之建议信)
the column concerning entertainment should be removed
6.urge v.竭力主张,强烈要求,敦促 n.强烈的欲望;冲动
【归纳】(1)urge sb to do sth催促某人做某事
urge that sb (should) do sth极力主张某人做某事
urge that...坚决要求……
(2)have an urge to do sth渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj.紧急的,紧迫的
(4)urgency n.紧急的事
【点津】urge后跟that从句时,that从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
【练会】单项填空
①I never felt an urge any sign language before.
A.at learning B.for learning
C.to learn D.learned
②Due to all this extra time,there was no sense of to do my schoolwork immediately.
A.urgency B.worrying
C.nervousness D.hoping
C
A
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③随着期末考试的来临,老师敦促我们努力学习。
→Our teacher with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb to do sth)
→Our teacher with the final exam drawing near.(urge that)
urges us to study hard
urges that we (should) study hard
7.concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的;有关的
【归纳】(1)be concerned about/for sth 担心……;关心……
be concerned with与……有关;涉及
as far as...be concerned就……而言;依……之见
(2)concern n.担心,忧虑,关心
show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心
(3)concerning prep.关于;涉及
【点津】concerned作前置定语时,意为“关切的,担心的”;作后置定语时,意为“相关的,有关的”。如:a concerned look “关切的神情”;the authorities concerned “有关当局”。
【练会】单项填空
①We sincerely hope that the authorities should take effective measures immediately to prevent the environment from being polluted.
A.concerning B.concerned
C.being concerned D.to concern
②I'm writing to express my opinion Chinese customs,which is useful for you to pay a visit to a Chinese friend.
A.under B.for
C.concerning D.with
B
C
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
③In my opinion,it is necessary for you to have a good rest,which will provide enough energy for you.
→ ,it is necessary for you to have a good rest,which will provide enough energy for you.(concerned)
As far as I'm concerned
8.contribute v.促成,造成(某事发生);捐献;贡献;投稿,撰稿
【归纳】(1)contribute... to...向……捐赠……;为……撰稿(to为介词)
contribute to (doing) sth有助于(做)某事
(2)contribution n.贡献,捐助
make a contribution to...对……做出贡献;向……捐款
make contributions to...对……做出贡献
(3)contributor n.捐赠者,捐款者;投稿人
【练会】单项填空
①The staff in the company have made an important to the environment.
A.achievement B.application
C.contribution D.explanation
②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute some of these qualities.
A.with B.by
C.for D.to
C
D
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③此书对我们了解这门学科帮助甚少。
This book our understanding of the subject.(contribute)
contributes little to
9.due to由于,因为;应支付;归因于
【归纳】due adj.应得的;应付的;到期的
be due to do sth预计做某事;按预定时间做某事
be due to sb/sth 归因于某人/某事,应给某人/某物
be due for sth应该得到……
【佳句】A lot of her unhappiness is due to boredom.
她的不开心主要是因为无聊。
【练会】单项填空
①The bus was due at 5 p.m.,but it arrived one hour late due to the heavy fog.
A.arriving
B.to arrive
C.arrived
D.arrive
②The money is due me,but I haven't got it yet.
A.in B.at
C.to D.with
B
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③由于与环境相关的旅游越来越受欢迎,各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。
,various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.(写作话题之旅游)
Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related travel
10.take...into account把……考虑进去
【归纳】account for是……的原因;解释,说明;占(一定数量或比例)
take account of...考虑到……
on account of因为,由于
on no account决不,绝对不
【点津】on no account放在句首时,句子要用部分倒装,有类似用法的还有:by no means、in no way、in no case、on no condition、at no time、under no circumstances等。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·全国Ⅰ卷改编)Lighting accounts about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
A.on B.for
C.above D.by
B
【写美】完成句子/一句多译·背诵
②教授警告学生们在课上决不能使用手机。
The professor warned the students that_______________________________
_______________ in class.(写作话题之学校生活)
③做计划的时候,我们应该把每件事情都考虑进去。
→We should when making a plan.
→We should when making a plan.
on no account should they use
mobile phones
take everything into account
take account of everything
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.flood
①The river burst its banks and flooded the surrounding fields.
②Donations are flooding into the homeless shelter.
③After the flood it took weeks for the water level to go down.
④A flood of cheap imports has come into the country.
v.淹没
v.大量涌入
n.洪水
n.大量
2.release
①The band's latest album will be released next week.
②Police have released a picture of the man they want to question.
③Coal power stations release sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere.
④He released the handbrake and the car jumped forwards.
⑤He was released from prison after two years.
v.发行
v.公开,发布
v.排放
v.松开
v.释放
Ⅱ.单项填空
3.He has a very positive attitude work.
A.towards B.at C.on D.with
4.Recent discoveries about corruption have done serious damage the company's reputation.
A.on B.at C.to D.over
5.If you buy more than ten books,they will reduce the price 10 percent.
A.at B.to C.of D.by
A
C
D
◎重点句型透视
1.形容词(短语)作状语
【教材原句】Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film.
由于害怕电影里可怕的生物,有些人不再去海里游泳了。
【归纳】(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等,可位于句首、句中或句末,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态,即和主语常构成系表结构。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子,则应用副词(短语)作状语。
【练会】单项填空
①To our relief,the missing child returned home ten days later,tired but .
A.healthy B.healthily
C.unhealthy D.unhealthily
② and happy,he stood up and accepted the prize.
A.Surprising B.Surprised
C.Surprisingly D.Surprisedly
A
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我们最关注秀莲这个角色,她勇敢、善良且坚强。
,Xiulian is the character we care about most.(写作话题之人物描写)
Brave,kind and strong
2.倍数表达法
【教材原句】However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.然而,生产一个纸袋的耗能为生产一个塑料袋的四倍,耗水则多达三倍。
【归纳】倍数表达法常见的有:
倍数+as...as...
倍数+比较级+than
倍数+the size/height/length/width+of...
倍数+what从句
【点津】表示“两倍”时用twice或double,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”表达。
【佳句】The number of students now in this school is four times what it was ten years ago.
现在这所学校的学生人数是十年前的四倍。
【练会】单项填空
①Some fish can produce sounds almost twice your speaking voice!
A.as loud as B.so loud so
C.as louder as D.loud than
②The electronic waste stream is increasing three times traditional garbage as a whole.
A.fast with B.faster with
C.faster than D.fast to
A
C
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在,我们新学校的面积是十年前的三倍大。
→The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is that ten years ago.
→The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is that ten years ago.
→The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is that ten years ago.
three times as large as
three times larger than
three times the size of
研真题链接高考
(2019·北京卷,阅读理解D)——人与环境、人与动植物
By the end of the century,if not sooner,the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3℃,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,” she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“It'll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
理清脉络
真题再做
42.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
B
解析:段落大意题。根据文章前两段的内容可知,这两段主要介绍了海洋颜色发生变化的原因。故选B项。
43.What does the underlined word“vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Sensitive. B.Beneficial.
C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.
A
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词下一句“Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth...”可知,浮游生物容易受到气候变暖的影响,vulnerable的含义与sensitive最为接近。故选A项。
44.What can we learn from the passage
A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B.Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
D
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的“But in some waters...,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.”可知,在某些海域,气候变暖会给浮游生物提供更成熟的条件,而这些水域将会变得更绿。故选D项。
45.What is the main purpose of the passage
A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
C
解析:写作意图题。通读文章的第一段以及最后一段的内容可知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的就是解释气候变化对海洋的影响。故选C项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
concentration Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.
2.猜测生僻词词义
When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.
concentrate
n.浓度
调节,约束,控制
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
fuel Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
water But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.
v.加强;刺激
n.水域
4.仿写经典句型
“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,” she said,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
仿写:他们不但需要衣服,而且还缺水。
clothing, they are also short of water.
Not only do they need
but
5.破解复杂句式
“It'll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
分析:本句是主从复合句。句子的主干是but连接的两个并列部分It'll be a while以及the change in the colour of the ocean will be...。在第一部分中,before引导时间状语从句,show后面是that引导的 从句;在第二部分中,warning signals后面是that引导的 从句。
宾语
同位语
译文:
“距我们能在统计数据上证明这种变化是由气候变化引起的还为时尚早,”Dutkiewicz 说,“但是海洋颜色的变化将是一个早期的预警信号:我们确实已经改变了我们的地球。 ”
测效果课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.average
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. The average price of goods rose by just 2.2%.
生义 adj. He is a student of average ability in his class.
平均的
普通的
2.lecture
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. The professor gave a long and tiring lecture.
生义 v. She then invited him to Atlanta to lecture on the history of art.
讲座,演讲
讲授
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组 基础必练
1.I was in such a hurry that I took your bag instead of mine .
A.at random B.at length
C.by mistake D.for sure
2.Nowadays people are more about the environment where they live.
A.concerned B.worried
C.curious D.conscious
3.The deliberate of his words cut her like a knife.
A.rudeness B.cruelty C.politeness D.tune
C
A
B
4.The school educates students to make a to society.
A.achievement B.cause
C.goal D.contribution
5.Lawyers will urge the parents further legal action.
A.taking B.to take
C.took D.will take
6.Those violent TV shows might children's behaviour.
A.have an effect on B.take advantage of
C.be aimed at D.make the most of
D
B
A
7. the bad weather condition,he canceled his flight to London.
A.In spite of B.In favor of
C.Due to D.By means of
8.A good architect take the building's surroundings into .
A.use B.account
C.effect D.reality
C
B
B组 高考链接
9.(2020·天津卷改编)Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions
to various age groups.
A.targeting B.targeted
C.to target D.being targeted
10.(2020·天津卷改编) ,curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.
A.Fortunate B.Unfortunate
C.Unfortunately D.Fortunately
B
D
11.(2019·江苏卷改编)The two zookeepers didn't want to see the of this precious species.
A.extinction B.protection C.satisfaction D.distinction
12.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)It the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
A.highlights B.is highlighted
C.highlighted D.is highlighting
13.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷改编)I have a very strong fear that the lie we're telling is doing spiritual damage our children.
A.at B.to C.for D.with
A
A
B
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.由于不断的有害人类活动,气候变得越来越暖和。(due to)
2.干旱、洪涝灾害频繁发生,这严重影响着人们的生活。(severely,affect)
3.有些物种濒临灭绝。(extinction)
4.我们迫切需要采取有效措施来保护它。(urgent)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
Due to constant harmful human activities,the climate is becoming increasingly warm.Droughts and floods frequently occur,which affects human life severely.What's more,some species are on the edge of extinction.The Earth is our only home.Therefore,it is urgent that we take effective measures to protect it.(共56张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 5 On the road
英 语
通词句基础自测
[必背写作词汇]
教材单词
1. n.目的地,终点
2. v.离开(工作岗位、学校等);离任
3. n.路线
4. adv.在(船、飞机、火车)上
5. n.(陆上的)风景,景致
6. v.在……徒步旅行,远足
7. n.预算
destination
quit
route
aboard
landscape
hike
budget
8. n.行李
9. n.赊购,信贷
10. n.现款,现金
11. n.航班,班机
12. adj.偏僻的,偏远的
13. n.交通工具,车辆
14. n.大量,许多
luggage
credit
cash
flight
remote
vehicle
mass
[识记阅读词汇]
1.gallery n.
2.indigenous adj.
3.kangaroo n.
4.crocodile n.
5.quest n.
6.volcano n.
7.embassy n.
8.visa n.
9.chain n.
美术馆,画廊
本地的,土生土长的
袋鼠
鳄鱼
(长期的)寻求,探索,追求
火山
大使馆
(护照上的)签证
连锁店,连锁集团
10.transfer n.
11.currency n.
12.souvenir n.
13.café n.
14.soccer n.
15.deer n.
16.poutine n.
17.gravy n.
转乘,换乘
货币,通货
纪念品,纪念物
咖啡馆,小餐馆
英式足球
鹿
肉汁乳酪薯条(加拿大一种食品)
(调味用的)肉汁
[构织连脉词汇]
1.______________ n.(需要高等教育和训练的)专业,行业→______________ adj.职业的,专业的
2.______________ adj.以前的,先前的→______________ adv.以前,先前
3.______________ adj.激动人心的;给人印象深刻的
→______________ n.戏剧→______________ adv.戏剧性地;急剧地
4.______________ v.参与,参加→______________ adj.忙于;已订婚的→______________ n.订婚
5.______________ n.洲,大洲,大陆→______________ adj.大洲的,大陆的
profession
professional
previous
previously
dramatic
drama
dramatically
engage
engaged
engagement
continent
continental
常用短语
1. 独自
2. 出发;动身
3. 决心去做某事
4. 爱上
5. 对……产生影响
6. 评论
7. 提前
8. 习惯于……
9. 随着时间的推移
on one's own
set off
be determined to do sth
fall in love with
make an impact on
make a comment on
in advance
be used to...
over time
10. 迫不及待做某事
11. 及时到达;获得成功
12. 入睡
13. 使某人振奋起来;使某人感到高兴
14. 保持联系
can't wait to do sth
make it
fall asleep
cheer sb up
keep in touch
重点句型
1.I use my photography to make an impact on people,especially when it comes to environmental issues.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】when it comes to...当谈到……,当涉及……时
我通过照片影响其他人,尤其是涉及环境问题时。
2.There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers who want to get back to nature...
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
毫无疑问,贝尔尼纳快车是给那些想要回归自然的旅行者提供的一次旅行(体验)……
3.I'd fallen asleep,when I heard Dad's phone ringing.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】had done...when...刚做了……这时……
4.It was then that I realised her seat was empty!
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】强调句型
我刚要睡觉,这时听到爸爸的手机响了。
直到那时我才意识到她的座位是空的!
提能力增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.quit v.离开(工作岗位、学校等);离任;停止,戒掉
【归纳】quit school/office/one's job退学/离职/辞职
quit (doing) sth停止(做)某事
quit as sth 辞去某职务
【点津】quit的过去式和过去分词分别是quit,quit或quitted,quitted。
【佳句】You must quit smoking.Most of all,you should start taking exercise.
你必须戒烟。最重要的是,你应该开始锻炼。
【练会】单项填空
①The man quarreled with his boss about the pay and the job.
A.quit B.joined C.promoted D.dismissed
②The coach stared at the team members and asked them to quit .
A.to talk B.talking
C.being talked D.to be talked
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③琳达已经辞去了护士的工作,以便专注于她的大学教育。
Linda has in order to engage in her college education.(写作话题之人物介绍)
A
B
quit/quitted as a nurse
2.budget n.预算 v.把……编入预算;为……作出安排
【归纳】(1)the education/defence budget 教育/国防预算
within budget在预算内
over budget超出预算
on a tight budget预算紧张
(2)budget one's time 安排自己的时间
【练会】单项填空
①We decorated the house a tight budget.
A.by B.with C.in D.on
D
【写美】完成句子·背诵
②我们的计划可能显示项目结束日期太晚或超出预算。
Our plan might show the project finishing too late or .
going over budget
3.credit n.信用;赊购,信贷;学分;为……赢得荣誉的人(或事物);认可,赞扬 v.认为是……的功劳,把……归于
【归纳】(1)on credit赊购,贷款
to sb's credit使受尊重;使值得赞扬
be a credit to sb/sth为某人/某物增光
give sb credit for...为……而称赞某人
do sb credit使某人值得赞扬
(2)credit...with...……是……的功劳
【练会】单项填空
① your credit,you have overcome such difficulties.
A.On B.Within C.To D.Off
②The Nobel Prize is a great credit scientists who make great contributions to society.
A.in B.to C.as D.beyond
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③你拾金不昧,值得赞扬;你很诚实,应该受表扬。
It is greatly that you gave back the money you found;your honesty .
C
B
to your credit
does you credit
4.engage v.参与,参加;雇用,聘请;吸引(注意力、兴趣)
【归纳】(1)engage in...参加……
engage sb to do sth雇用某人做某事
engage sb as...雇用某人为……
(2)engaged adj.忙于,从事于;已订婚的
be engaged in...忙于……
be engaged to sb与某人订婚
(3)engagement n.订婚;约会,预约
【点津】“埋头于,专心于”的多种表达:
①be buried in ②be occupied in
③be absorbed in ④be engaged in
⑤be devoted to ⑥concentrate on
⑦apply oneself to ⑧put one's heart into
⑨fix one's attention on ⑩focus one's attention on
【练会】单项填空
①The professor is in currency studies.
A.engaged B.married
C.determined D.bought
②I had to refuse this invitation because of a previous .
A.contrast B.engagement
C.discussion D.debate
A
B
【写美】句式升级·背诵
③A study shows the students who take part in after-school activities are happier than those who don't.
→A study shows the students who afterschool activities are happier than those who don't.(engage)
→A study shows the students who afterschool activities are happier than those who are not.(engaged)
engage in
are engaged in
5.mass n.大量,许多 adj.大批的;广泛的
【归纳】a mass of/masses of许多,大量
the masses群众
【点津】a mass of/masses of既可修饰可数名词复数,又可修饰不可数名词,其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词的数与所修饰的名词保持一致。
【练会】单项填空
①In wartime, devoted whatever they had to supporting the army in fighting against the country.
A.the crowds B.the masses
C.the audience D.the crew
②There masses of people in the shops yesterday.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我们给那些迷人的舞者拍了很多照片。
We of the charming dancers.(写作话题之活动)
B
D
took masses of pictures
6.cheer sb up使某人振奋起来;使某人感到高兴
【归纳】(1)cheer up高兴起来;振奋起来
cheer sb on(比赛等中)为某人打气,为某人加油
(2)cheerful adj.欢乐的,高兴的
【佳句】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,saying that I had a talent for football. 伴随状语
操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。
【练会】单项填空
①When I'm feeling sad,my mother tells me funny stories to me .
A.put;up B.take;up
C.cheer;up D.get;up
②The news was able to cheer the disappointed boy up in the end.
A.cheerful B.bad
C.unlucky D.horrible
③Cathy didn't expect any award but was still there to cheer her friends and praise their accomplishments.
A.under B.on C.in D.by
C
A
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④我们所做的一切都是为了给你加油。
What we had done was .
to cheer you on
7.keep in touch保持联系
【归纳】be in touch with与……有联系
get in touch with与……取得联系
out of touch with与……不联系
lose touch with与……失去联系
【佳句】I have lost touch with all my old friends.
我与所有的老朋友都失去了联系。
【练会】单项填空
①Zhang Wei who has been out of touch with the old classmates in junior high school for about twenty years,with the help of an old warm-hearted classmate, in touch with most of his classmates last year and wanted to have a get-together recently in order to in touch with each other.
A.got;keep B.kept;get
C.lost;keep D.got;lose
【写美】完成句子·背诵
②我们十年前与他取得了联系。
We ten years ago.
A
got in touch with him
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.chain
①The gates were locked with a padlock and a heavy steel chain.
②She has built up a chain of 180 bookshops across the country.
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.Payments can be made by cheque or cash.
A.by B.on C.for D.in
3.Nothing will stop them in their quest truth.
A.with B.for C.after D.by
n.链条,链子
n.连锁店
D
B
◎重点句型透视
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
【教材原句】There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers who want to get back to nature...
毫无疑问,贝尔尼纳快车是给那些想回归自然的旅行者提供的一次旅行(体验)……
【归纳】(1)There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……(that引导同位语从句,说明 doubt的内容)
(2)There is some doubt whether...是否……有疑问
(3)beyond doubt无疑,确定
(4)I doubt whether/if...我怀疑是否……
【练会】单项填空
①There is some doubt he is an outstanding player.
A.what B.it C.whether D.how
②There is no doubt keeping an English diary helps you a lot with written English.
A.that B.if C.whether D.why
③The research showed beyond doubt smoking contributes to heart disease.
A.whether B.that C.which D.why
C
A
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④毫无疑问,剪纸是中国传统文化之一。
paper-cutting is one of traditional Chinese cultures.(写作话题之传统文化)
There is no doubt that
研真题链接高考
(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C)——通过旅行来了解世界
In the mid-1990s,Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months,physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later,still attracted to the country,he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit,however,ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book,Chasing the Sea:Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia,which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan,where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land,and of the people he meets on his way:Rustam,his translator,a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California,Oleg and Natasha,his hosts in Tashkent,and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan,made of friendliness and warmth,but also its darker side of society.In Samarkand,Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders,while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.In Ferghana,he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼) followed by a strange drinking party.And in Karakalpakstan,he is saddened by the dust storms,diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references,making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan,seen from Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly American,as well as his delicate stomach.As the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a history book,or even a piece of reportage.Whatever it is,the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
理清脉络
真题再做
8.What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan
A.His friends' invitation.
B.His interest in the country.
C.His love for teaching.
D.His desire to regain health.
B
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知,Bissell先生之所以回到乌兹别克斯坦,是因为他被这个国家深深吸引。故选B项。
9.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Developing a serious mental disease.
B.Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C.Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D.Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
D
解析:代词指代题。根据第一段末句以及第二段第一句可知,代词that指代上文中出现的Bissell先生回到乌兹别克斯坦后所写的一篇关于咸海消失的文章。故选D项。
10.Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan
A.Romantic.
B.Eventful.
C.Pleasant.
D.Dangerous.
B
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的描述可知,Bissell先生的乌兹别克斯坦之行充满了友善和温暖,他也了解到了社会的阴暗面。他曾因被怀疑贩毒而被警方拘捕。他参加了一个葬礼,之后又参加了一场怪异的酒会;他还遭遇了沙尘暴、疾病及渔船被困等事情。所以说Bissell先生的乌兹别克斯坦之行有很多变故。故选B项。
11.What is the purpose of this text
A.To introduce a book.
B.To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C.To remember a writer.
D.To recommend a travel destination.
A
解析:写作意图题。作者开门见山,提到Bissell先生回到乌兹别克斯坦来写一篇关于咸海消失的文章。接下来介绍他此行远远超越了这一点,他出版了一本书,讲述了旅途中的种种经历。最后一段指出,Bissell先生将历史见解和文化素材融入他的故事中,从西方人的视角全方位地描述了乌兹别克斯坦。所以本文作者旨在推介一本书。故选A项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
sadden And in Karakalpakstan,he is saddened by the dust storms,diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
2.猜测生僻词词义
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan,seen from Western eyes.
sad
v.使伤心;使难过
全面的
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
broken He left after seven months,physically broken and having lost his mind.
eye Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references,making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan,seen from Western eyes.
adj.衰弱的
n.视觉;眼光
4.仿写经典句型
His judgment and references are decidedly American,as well as his delicate stomach.
仿写:我们学生和老师下课后在那里做运动,和睦相处。
We students as well as our teachers do sports there after class,living in harmony.
5.破解复杂句式
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references,making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan,seen from Western eyes.
分析:making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan在句中是现在分词短语作结果状语。
译文:
Bissell先生巧妙地将历史见解和文化素材组织起来,使他的故事从西方人的视角全方位地描绘了乌兹别克斯坦。
测效果课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
dramatic
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. She bought me the complete dramatic works of Brecht for my birthday.
生义 adj. We watched scenes of the dramatic rescue on the news.
戏剧的
戏剧性的
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组 基础必练
1.Yesterday,we took a maths examination.Now,we can't wait the result of it.
A.knowing B.to know
C.known D.knew
2.At the weekend,there are always people shopping in the supermarket.
A.a group of B.an amount of
C.a mass of D.a deal of
B
C
3.The railways were owned by private companies.
A.luckily B.previously
C.strangely D.fortunately
4.The proportion of men to women in the college has changed over the years.
A.dramatically B.recent
C.generally D.expect
5.If we early in the morning,we can reach the coast before dark.
A.set up B.set in C.set about D.set off
B
A
D
6.Casting around for a safe topic,she made a comment the weather.
A.to B.on
C.for D.of
7.The whole meal was good but the wine was excellent .
A.in detail
B.in particular
C.in effect
D.in reality
B
B
8.Instead of walking a few blocks to a child,they send the self-drive minibus.
A.pick off B.pick out
C.pick up D.pick at
9.It is important to in touch with the latest research.
A.lose B.keep
C.get D.receive
10.Details of the meeting had been circulated well .
A.in advance B.in total
C.in length D.in form
C
B
A
B组 高考链接
11.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷改编)Hearing these stories,I'm skeptical about the place—other are described as “purer” natural experiences.
A.scenes B.views C.sights D.destinations
D
12.(2019·天津3月卷改编)I will go to college with these lessons in mind and continue my work with Cuddle Buddies,even when I engage a whole new set of exciting academic and nonacademic pursuits.
A.in B.with C.by D.off
A
13.(2021·全国乙卷改编)Activities there range from whale watching ______ hiking.
A.through B.by C.to D.and
C
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.我正在同家人吃午饭,这时爸爸说打算送我出国。(be doing...when...)
2.我如此兴奋以至于要跳起来。(so...that...)
3.然而,当我登上飞机时,我感觉有一丝伤感。(aboard)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
I was having lunch with my family when my father said he intended to send me abroad.I was so excited that I almost jumped up.However,when I went aboard the plane,I felt a sense of sadness.(共70张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 4 Stage and screen
英 语
通词句基础自测
[必背写作词汇]
教材单词
1. n.方面
2. n.技巧,手法
3. adj.难以置信的
4. v.拍(手),鼓(掌)
5. n.边缘
aspect
technique
incredible
clap
edge
6. n.悲痛
7. v.控制(感情),克服(困难)
8. n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节
9. v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离,逃避,摆脱
10. n.程度
grief
overcome
plot
escape
extent
[识记阅读词汇]
1.opera n.
2.movement n.
3.revenge n.
4.version n.
5.string n.
6.exaggerated adj.
7.mime n.
8.whip n.
9.backflip n.
歌剧
运动,动作
报复,报仇
版本
(乐器的)弦
(声音或动作)夸张的
(演戏等时的)做手势(或其他示意动作)
鞭子
直体后空翻
10.dazzling adj.
11.ballet n.
12.comedy n.
13.episode n.
14.turkey n.
15.storytelling n.
16.wonderland n.
17.epic adj.
令人印象深刻的,特别吸引人的
芭蕾舞剧,芭蕾舞表演
喜剧
(电视连续剧或广播连载节目中的)一集
(电影或戏剧的)失败之作
讲故事,说书
(故事中的)仙境,奇境
史诗般的;壮丽的;宏大的
[构织连脉词汇]
1.______________ n.王子→______________ n.公主
2.______________ adj.女(性)的→______________ adj.男性的
3._____________ v.使改观,使变形,使转化→_____________ n.转变,变化
4._____________ n.宇宙,天地,万物→____________ adj.全世界的;普遍的
5.______________ adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的→______________ n.精力
6.______________ n.强烈的情感→____________ adj.情绪的,激动人心的→______________ adv.感情上,情绪冲动地
prince
princess
female
male
transform
transformation
universe
universal
energetic
energy
emotion
emotional
emotionally
7.______________ n.愤怒,怒火→______________ adj.生气的,愤怒的→______________ adv.生气地
8.______________ v.(使)结合,(使)组合→______________ n.结合
9.______________ adj.爆炸(式)的,爆发的→______________ v.爆炸
10.______________ v.(为……)鼓掌→______________ n.鼓掌,掌声
11.______________ adj.感谢的,感激的→______________ adv.感激地
12.______________ adv.极度,极其→______________ adj.极度的,极大的
13.______________ adj.专心致志的→______________ v.使全神贯注
14.______________ adj.浪漫的→______________ n.浪漫史;恋情
15.______________ n.纪录片→______________ n.文件,公文
anger
angry
angrily
combine
combination
explosive
explode
applaud
applause
grateful
gratefully
extremely
extreme
absorbed
absorb
romantic
romance
documentary
document
16.______________ adv.完全地,绝对地→___________ adj.完全的,绝对的
17.______________ adj.有吸引力的,有趣的→______________ n.吸引力
18.______________ adv.确切地,肯定地→___________ adj.确切的,肯定的
19.______________ adj.粗鲁的,无礼的→______________ adv.粗鲁地→______________ n.粗鲁,无礼
20.______________ n.交通运输系统,运输方式→____________ n.运输车
absolutely
absolute
appealing
appeal
definitely
definite
rude
rudely
rudeness
transport
transporter
21.______________ n.安排,筹划→______________ v.安排,筹备
22.______________ adj.短暂的→______________ adv.短暂地
23.______________ adj.电影的→______________ n.电影院
24.______________ adj.失望的,沮丧的→______________ adj.令人失望的→______________ v.使失望→______________ n.失望;使人失望的人或事
25.______________ adj.原先的,最初的→______________ n.起源→______________ adv.原来,起初
26.______________ adj.虚构的,编造的,小说(中)的→____________ n.小说
arrangement
arrange
brief
briefly
cinematic
cinema
disappointed
disappointing
disappoint
disappointment
original
origin
originally
fictional
fiction
27.______________ adj.紧张的;不舒适的→___________ adv.局促不安地
28.______________ v.表现→______________ n.行为
29.______________ adj.正常的,平常的→______________ adj.不正常的→______________adv.正常地,平常地
30.______________ n.责任→______________ adj.负责任的→______________ adv.负责任地
31.______________ n.缺乏,没有→______________ adj.缺席,不在
awkward
awkwardly
behave
behaviour
normal
abnormal
normally
responsibility
responsible
responsibly
absence
absent
常用短语
1. 解释清楚,传达
2. 把……变成……
3. 极为激动
4. 事情发展如人所愿,一切顺利
5. 熬夜
6. 表演(节目)
7. 时常,经常是
get across
transform...into...
on the edge of one's seat
tick all the right boxes
stay up
put on
all too often
8. 符合(标准),不负(盛名)
9. 在某种程度上
10. 凭借自身,靠自己
11. 转向,求助于
12. 突出,醒目,出色
13. 追溯到
14. 导致
live up to
to some extent
in one's own right
turn to
stand out
date back to
result in
重点句型
1.Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town!
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】until引导时间状语从句,意为“直到……”
我看过好几部《哈姆雷特》的影视作品,这部戏我也读过很多遍了,因此(对于了解《哈姆雷特》这方面)我信心满满——直到城里来了京剧表演!
2.The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass!
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】so...that...引导结果状语从句
那些唱腔听起来非常独特——一些女性的音调如此之高,以至于我敢肯定那些声音能震碎玻璃!
3.They say that “a picture is worth a thousand words”,but the briefest look at books and the movies based on them would have anyone questioning this common saying.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】have sb doing sth让某人一直做某事
人们常说“一图胜千词”,但是简单对照一下书籍和由之改编的电影,就会让人开始质疑这句俗语。
提能力增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.transform v.使改观,使变形,使转化
【归纳】(1)transform...into...把……变成……
(2)transformation n.转变;变化
【点津】表示“把……变成……”的其他短语:turn...into...,change...into...。
【佳句】See if you can set aside some time each day to taste the tea,and it will transform your day.
看看你是否可以每天腾出一些时间来品茶,它将改变你的一天。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·江苏卷)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable .
A.reservation B.transformation
C.distinction D.submission
②(2020·浙江卷改编)I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them something new and useful.
A.to B.into C.by D.from
B
B
【写美】句式升级·背诵
③The prince was transformed into a frog by the witch and was driven out of the castle.
→ ,the prince was driven out of the castle.(过去分词短语做状语)
Transformed into a frog by the witch
2.combine v.(使)结合,(使)组合
【归纳】(1)combine A with/and B 把A和B结合起来
combine to do sth 联合做某事
(2)combination n.联合,结合
in combination with与……联合
【佳句】I'll combine work with life.In my free time,I'll continue to take regular exercise,such as swimming,running and various ball games.
我会把工作和生活结合起来。业余时间我将继续进行有规律的锻炼,例如游泳、跑步和各种球类运动。
【练会】单项填空
①As working from home becomes increasingly common,people are finding it easier to combine parenthood a full-time career.
A.to B.with
C.of D.by
②The study of traditions should with practice. Otherwise,the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty,he said.
A.be combining B.be combined
C.combine D.have combined
B
B
③In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.
A.combined B.combining
C.to combine D.having combined
【写美】句式升级·背诵
④The firm and several overseas partners are working on a new product.
→The firm is working on a new product several overseas partners.(介词短语)
B
in combination with
3.absorbed adj.专心致志的
【归纳】(1)(be/get) absorbed in...全神贯注于……
(2)absorb v.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等);理解;掌握;使全神贯注
absorb/attract/draw one's attention吸引某人的注意
absorb...into...把……吸收进……
absorb oneself in...使全神贯注于……
(3)absorbing adj.吸引人的,引人入胜的
【练会】单项填空
①(2019·全国Ⅱ卷改编)These kids are so in their studies that I just sit back.I don't teach.
A.absorbed B.drawn
C.attracted D.focused
②The drug is quickly absorbed the bloodstream.
A.in B.to
C.into D.onto
A
C
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③我专心于练习英语,因此我的英语口语非常流利。
→I ,so my spoken English is very fluent.
→ ,my spoken English is very fluent.
→ ,my spoken English is very fluent.
am absorbed in practising English
Absorbed in practising English
Absorbing myself in practising English
4.arrangement n.安排,筹划;布置,整理
【归纳】(1)make arrangements for安排好……
(2)arrange v.筹备,安排;整理
arrange (for sb) to do sth安排(某人)做某事
【点津】(1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb to do sth而不用arrange sb to do sth;
(2)make arrangements for中的arrangement常用复数形式。
【练会】单项填空
①Welcome to our school and we have arranged for Mr Li you at the airport.
A.meeting B.to meet
C.met D.meet
②If you find it appealing,please sign up at the office before 5:00 p.m.next Thursday so that we will make necessary in advance.
A.decisions B.choices
C.discoveries D.arrangements
B
D
5.escape v.(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离,逃避,摆脱;被忘掉,被忽视 n.逃跑,逃避
【归纳】(1)escape from从……逃脱
escape doing/being done sth逃避做/被做某事
escape one's attention/notice逃过某人的注意/被忽视
(2)a narrow escape死里逃生
【点津】escape作动词且意为“被忽视;未被注意”时,用sth escape sb结构,而不是用sb escape sth。
【练会】单项填空
①The cinema allowed people to escape the disappointing realities of their lives.
A.through B.away
C.off D.from
②It is said that he narrowly escaped in the traffic accident the other day.
A.killing B.to kill
C.being killed D.to be killed
D
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③昨天,我遇到了我以前的同学,但是我想不起他的名字,这让我很尴尬。
Yesterday,I came across my former classmate,but ,
which made me embarrassed.
his name escaped me
6.behave v.表现
【归纳】(1)behave well/badly (towards)(对……)表现好/不好
behave oneself表现得体,有礼貌
(2)behaviour n.行为,举止
good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为
【佳句】Meanwhile,it is necessary for the government to encourage people to behave properly in public places.
与此同时,政府有必要鼓励人们在公共场所的行为举止要适当。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)After a while,she apologized for the way she
,which was really rude.
A.behaved B.designed C.guided D.stood
②Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave .
A.them B.themselves C.ourselves D.yourselves
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
③Behave properly;don't make a fool of yourself.
→ ;don't make a fool of yourself.
A
B
Behave yourself
7.absence n.缺乏,没有;缺席,不在
【归纳】(1)absence from school/work缺课/缺勤
absence of mind心不在焉
in the absence of (人)不在,缺席;(物)不存在,缺少
in/during sb's absence 在某人不在时,在某人缺席时
(2)absent adj.缺席的,不在的
be absent from缺席;不在
【佳句】It was his absence of mind during driving that nearly caused a serious accident.
就是他开车时的心不在焉差点导致一起严重事故。
【练会】单项填空
①I shall be in charge the absence of the manager.
A.of B.in C.for D.from
② your absence,our class participated in an English poetry competition,in which we came first.
A.During B.At
C.Beyond D.Except
B
A
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③在我很长时间没有上学后,我的老师和同学们都帮助我补习功课。
→My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after
.(absence)
→My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after
.(absent)
my long absence from school
I had been absent from school for a long time
8.get across解释清楚,传达;使理解(某事)
【归纳】get across to (sb)/get sth across to (sb)被传达/理解;把……讲清楚
get away from逃离;远离;避开
get down to sth开始认真注意/对待某事,开始做某事
get through穿过;完成;接通电话;用完;通过
【练会】单项填空
①It's time that I got down to about my future.
A.think B.thinking C.being thought D.thought
②She was very anxious to get away cities and back to nature.
A.out of B.off C.beside D.from
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我们必须让公众明白毒品是危险的这一简单事实。
We must the simple fact that drugs are dangerous. (应用文写作之建议信)
B
D
get across to the public
9.put on表演(节目);穿上,戴上;假装;增加体重
【归纳】put forward提出(建议);将……提前;将(钟表等)向前拨
put aside忽视,不理睬;储存;保留
put away放好;积蓄
put off延期,推迟;取消
put out扑灭;生产;公布
put up举起;张贴;建造;提供食宿
put through接通电话;完成;使经受
【练会】单项填空
①Encourage children to some of their pocket-money to buy Christmas presents.
A.put up B.put out C.put aside D.put on
②Before you all leave,would you check that all the books are put
A.away B.forward C.in D.off
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③在我们实施这项计划之前,同学们提出了不同的想法。
Before we carried out the plan,_____________________________________
____________________.
C
A
various ideas were/had been put forward by
my classmates
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.version
①There are two versions of the game, a long one and a short one.
②That is the human version of the disease.
n.版本
n.变体
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.Visitors were disappointed the museum closed.
A.to finding B.to find
C.finding D.found
3.She was grateful Tom for his support.
A.with B.for C.to D.by
4.Much my anger,the naughty boy came late once again.
A.in B.under C.against D.to
B
C
D
◎重点句型透视
so...that...引导结果状语从句
【教材原句】The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass!
那些唱腔听起来非常独特——一些女性的音调特别高,我敢肯定那些声音能震碎玻璃!
【归纳】so/such...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。
(1)so...that...句型的常见形式:
(2)such...that...句型的常见形式:
(3)当so/such...that...中的so/such...放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装语序。
【佳句】I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
我的英语很好,所以我被选为我的英语老师的助手。
【练会】单项填空
①The singer sang beautifully that he was asked to sing more songs.
A.so B.such C.how D.too
②There were many books in the shop that he didn't know which to buy.
A.such B.so
C.too D.how
A
B
【写美】一句多译/句型转换·背诵
③他是如此淘气的一个男孩,以至于我们都无法容忍他那令人讨厌的行为。
→He is we all can't stand his annoying behaviour. (so...that...)
→He is we all can't stand his annoying behaviour. (such...that...)
④Beijing is developing so fast that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.
→ Beijing developing you can never imagine what it will be like next year.(倒装句)
so naughty a boy that
such a naughty boy that
So fast is
that
研真题链接高考
(2020·浙江卷,阅读理解A)——文学与艺术
I am an active playgoer and play-reader,and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others.To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play.
Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright(剧作家) hopes to get across through dialogue and action.A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection,for that would,indeed,ruin the pleasure of reading,discussing,and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.However,a variety of types is represented here.These include comedy,satire,poignant drama,historical and regional drama.To show the versatility(多面性) of the short play,I have included a guidance play,a radio play and a television play.
Among the writers of the plays in this collection,Paul Green,Susan Glaspell,Maxwell Anderson,Thornton Wilder,William Saroyan,and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater.More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.
To get the most out of reading these plays,try to picture the play on stage,with you,the reader,in the audience.The houselights dim(变暗).The curtains are about to open,and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.
理清脉络
真题再做
21.What do we know about the author from the first paragraph
A.He has written dozens of plays.
B.He has a deep love for the theater.
C.He is a professional stage actor.
D.He likes reading short plays to others.
B
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“...and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others.”可知,作者希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情,由此可以看出作者对戏剧热情很高。故选B项。
22.What does the author avoid doing in his work
A.Stating the plays' central ideas.
B.Selecting works by famous playwrights.
C.Including various types of plays.
D.Offering information on the playwrights.
A
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection,for that would,indeed,ruin the pleasure of reading,discussing,and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.”可知,作者并不想指出这部作品中每一场戏剧的中心主题。由此推知,作者避免陈述戏剧的中心思想。故选A项。
23.What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays
A.Control their feelings.
B.Apply their acting skills.
C.Use their imagination.
D.Keep their audience in mind.
C
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“To get the most out of reading these plays,try to picture the play on stage,with you,the reader,in the audience.”可知,作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演,这样才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣,因此作者建议读者运用想象力。故选C项。
24.What is this text
A.A short story.
B.An introduction to a book.
C.A play review.
D.An advertisement for a theater.
B
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“I am an active playgoer and play-reader,and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is...”可推知,作者是在介绍自己的一本书。故选B项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
enthusiasm I am an active playgoer and play-reader,and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others.
enthuse
n.热情
2.猜测生僻词词义
These include comedy,satire,poignant drama,historical and regional drama.
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
picture To get the most out of reading these plays,try to picture the play on stage,with you,the reader,in the audience.
讽刺作品
v.想象
4.仿写经典句型
It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection…
仿写:遵守法律是每个人的责任。
It is everyone's duty to obey the law.
5.破解复杂句式
It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection,for that would,indeed,ruin the pleasure of reading,discussing,and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.
分析: 是形式主语,动词不定式短语_________________________
是真正的主语。for在此处是连词,引出 。
译文:
It
to point out the central theme
of each of the plays in this collection
原因
我无意指出这部作品中每一场戏剧的中心主题,因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考这些戏剧的乐趣以及剧作家的效率。
测效果课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
overcome
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. Eventually she managed to overcome her shyness in class.
生义 v. The night before the test I was overcome by fear and despair.
克服
受到……的极大影响
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组 基础必练
1.His treatment was a of surgery,radiation and drugs.
A.cooperation B.company
C.combination D.union
2.She was almost out of breath,but she still had trouble from the shark.
A.to escape B.from escaping
C.escaping D.being escaped
C
C
3.On average,they're cute little animals that do not look like sharks at all.
A.happily B.incredibly C.narrowly D.luckily
4.She academic difficulties by adopting the tutor's advice and participating in class activities last month.
A.had overcome B.overcame
C.overcomes D.has overcome
5.His speech was frequently interrupted by thunderous .
A.laughter B.belief
C.applause D.support
B
B
C
6.He all night in order to get the precise sales figures.
A.put up B.picked up
C.set up D.stayed up
7.Stephen determined to the expectation of the company.
A.put up with B.live up to
C.look up to D.look ahead to
8. some extent,these problems hindered the development of foreign trade.
A.In B.At
C.With D.To
D
B
D
B组 高考链接
9.(2019·江苏卷改编)They have real impacts,as they in misguided use of scarce resources.
A.lay B.set
C.result D.settle
10.(2018·北京卷改编)Knowing these causes can make us examine our ,and correct bad habits.
A.behavior B.speech
C.thought D.decision
C
A
11.(2020·天津卷改编)They have transformed themselves places where you can develop your love of knowledge,meet interesting people,or find out how to start a business.
A.to B.into
C.from D.above
12.(2020·江苏卷)Technological innovations, good marketing,will promote the sales of these products.
A.combined with
B.combining with
C.having combined with
D.to be combined with
B
A
13.(2021·全国甲卷改编)It was built to protect the city in the Tang dynasty.
A.basically B.especially
C.scientifically D.originally
D
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.随着英语戏剧节的临近,我们班将要上演一部喜剧。(put on)
2.我们现在感到有点失望。(disappointed)
3.这背后的关键原因是,每件事似乎都没有达到我们的期望。(live up to,expectation)
4.目前,我们应该做的是克服困难,专心于实践。(overcome,absorbed)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
With the English Play Festival drawing near,our class will put on a comedy.However,we feel a little disappointed now.The key reason behind this is that everything doesn't seem to live up to our expectations.At present,what we should do is overcome the difficulty and be absorbed in the practice.(共70张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 3 On the move
英 语
通词句基础自测
[必背写作词汇]
教材单词
1. n.满意,满足
2. n.因素,要素
3. n.士兵,军人
4. n.武装冲突,战斗,战争
5. v.向……保证,使确信
6. adj.理想的,最好的
7. adj.可用的,可获得的
8. n.大师,能手
content
factor
soldier
conflict
assure
ideal
available
master
[识记阅读词汇]
1.surfing n.
2.goal n.
3.plastic adj.
4.twist n.
5.chart v.
6.display n.
7.monitor v.
8.skip v.
9.plank n.
冲浪(运动)
球门
塑料制的
(形势或事态的)意外转折
记录,跟踪(变化或进展)
显示器
监视,监测
跳绳
平板支撑
10.bar n.
11.upper adj.
12.bone n.
13.data n.
14.label n.
15.asthma n.
16.lung n.
work n.
18.gorilla n.
19.ache v.
横木
(位置)较上的,较高的,上面的
骨头,骨
资料,数据
标签,标记
哮喘(病)
肺
人际关系网,联络网
大猩猩
(持续而隐隐地)作痛
[构织连脉词汇]
1.________________ v.代表,表示→________________ n.代表
2.________________ n.基础;根据→________________ adj.基本的;基础的
3.________________ n.装备,设备,用具→________________ v.装备,配备
4.____________ v.(在比赛中)防守,防卫→________________ n.保护,防卫
5.________________ n.(机器、仪器等调控装置的)设定位置,调节点→________________ vt.设置
6.________________ adj.可调整的,可调节的→____________ v.调整,调节→________________ n.调整,调节
represent
representative
basis
basic
equipment
equip
defend
defence
setting
set
adjustable
adjust
adjustment
7.________________ n.平衡→________________ adj.保持(或显示)平衡的
8.________________ v.包含,需要→________________ n.参与,加入
9.________________ n.回答,答复→____________ v.回答;响应;作出反应
10.________________ v.理解,了解,解释→________________ n.解释
11.________________ n.紧张,焦虑→________________ adj.紧张的
12.________________ adj.满是汗的,被汗水湿透的→___________ n.汗水
balance
balanced
involve
involvement
response
respond
interpret
interpretation
tension
tense
sweaty
sweat
13.________________ v.说服,劝服→________________ n.说服,劝说→________________ adj.有说服力的,令人信服的
14.________________ n.(尤指体育比赛中的)冠军,第一名→________________ n.冠军地位;锦标赛
15.________________ adj.(目标等)最终的→____________ adv.最终;最后
persuade
persuasion
persuasive
champion
championship
ultimate
ultimately
常用短语
1. 尽情地,心满意足地
2. 拆除;破除
3. (战争、火灾等)爆发
4. 放下
5. 形状像……
6. 记录,跟踪;掌握……的最新消息
7. 参加
to one's heart's content
break down
break out
put down
be shaped like
keep track of
take part in
8. 在附近;即将发生
9. 反过来;依次
10. 应对,处理
11. 到……结束时
12. 拯救……免于……
13. 消失,绝迹,灭绝
around the corner
in turn
deal with
by the end of
save...from...
die out
重点句型
1.Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon,we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】given that引导条件状语从句,意为“考虑到;鉴于”
鉴于尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球,我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动!
2.But before I knew it,I was taking part in local races.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】before引导时间状语从句
但是在我知道它之前,我就在参加本地的比赛了。
提能力增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.content adj.满足的,满意的 n.内容;目录;容量;满意,满足 v.使满足
【归纳】(1)be content with对……满足/满意
be content to do sth满足于/愿意做某事
(2)to one's heart's content 尽情地;心满意足地
(3)content oneself with满足于
【点津】(1)content作形容词时,是用作表语;若用于名词前作定语,要用contented。
(2)content作“目录;所容纳之物”解时,常用其复数形式。
【练会】单项填空
①My parents are content in the country,which is free from traffic jam.
A.of living B.to live
C.living D.lived
②We should never content ourselves the knowledge learned from the books.
A.by B.in
C.at D.with
B
D
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③依我看,你不会满足于这么小的成就。
→From my point of view,you won't__________________________________.
(content v.)
→From my point of view,you won't_________________________________.
(content adj.)
content yourself with such a small success
be content with such a small success
2.defend v.(在比赛中)防守,防卫
【归纳】(1)defend...from/against保护……免受
defend oneself 自卫
(2)defence n.防御,保卫
in defence of保卫……
【佳句】The Great Wall was once used to defend against military aggression.
长城曾用来防御军事侵略。
【练会】单项填空
①It is reported that these fruits can defend people cancer,heart attacks and many other lung diseases.
A.off B.out C.beyond D.against
②(2020·天津卷改编)“Small does not mean weak,sir,” she herself.
A.protected B.guarded C.defended D.blessed
D
C
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③看到这条蛇,他冲过去保护儿子。
→Seeing the snake,he rushed his son.(defend)
→Seeing the snake,he rushed his son.(defence)
to defend
in defence of
3.adjustable adj.可调整的,可调节的
【归纳】(1)adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;习惯
adjust...to...根据……调节……
adjust to (doing) sth适应于/习惯于(做)某事
adjust oneself to sth使自己适应于某物
(2)adjustment n.调整,调节
make adjustments to...对……作出调整
【佳句】Make sure you adjust your driving speed according to the speed limit.
limit为名词
确保根据限速来调整驾驶速度。
【练会】单项填空
①For example,the moment you get on the airplane,start adjusting your biological clock the destination's time.
A.with B.behind
C.to D.against
②Some schools will have to make in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A.judgements B.adoptions
C.adjustments D.comments
C
C
【写美】句式升级·背诵
③We have made an adjustment to our price and will give you a special discount of 3 percent.
→ ,we will give you a special discount of 3 percent.(分词的完成式作状语)
Having made an adjustment to our price
4.balance n.平衡;天平;结欠;余额 v.使保持平衡;权衡
【归纳】(1)keep/lose one's balance保持/失去平衡
keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡
keep a balance between...and...保持……与……的平衡
(2)balance between...and...平衡……与……的关系
balance...against...比较(两个相对的事物);权衡重要性
(3)balanced adj.保持平衡的
keep a balanced diet保持饮食均衡
【佳句】So I suggest you should keep a balance between your study and entertainment.
所以我建议你应在学习和娱乐之间保持平衡。
【练会】单项填空
①People have learnt the importance of keeping a diet to satisfy their nutritional needs.
A.rich B.fresh
C.arranged D.balanced
②You are working too hard.You'd better keep balance between work and relaxation.
A.the B.a
C.an D./
D
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③在最初学习滑冰时,他不知道如何保持平衡,经常失去平衡并摔倒。
When he first learned to skate,he didn't know how to .
He often and fell.
keep his balance
lost his balance
5.involve v.包含,需要;涉及;影响;(使)参加
【归纳】(1)involve sb in (doing) sth使某人参与(做)某事;使某人牵扯到(做)某事中
involve doing sth 包括做某事
involve sb/sth doing sth 需要……做……
(2)involved adj.复杂的;参与的;有关的
get/be involved in参与……;专心于
be/get involved with sb/sth和……有密切联系
【点津】involved 作前置定语时,意为“复杂的”;作后置定语时,意为“涉及的”。如:an involved sentence“一个复杂的句子”;the people involved“所涉及的人”。
【练会】单项填空
①(2019·北京卷改编)No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get
in various activities on Earth Day.
A.to involve B.involving
C.involved D.to be involved
②Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves quite a lot of time with students.
A.spending B.spent C.to spend D.spend
③There was a serious incident with a group of youths .
A.involved B.involving C.to involve D.being involved
C
A
A
【写美】句式升级·背诵
④I get involved in volunteer work,so I have learned a lot.
→ ,I have learned a lot.(过去分词短语作状语)
→ ,I have learned a lot.(现在分词短语作状语)
Involved in volunteer work
Involving myself in volunteer work
6.response n.回答,答复;回应,反应
【归纳】(1)in response to对……作出反应
make a response to对……作出回答/回应
(2)respond vi.作出反应,响应 vt.& vi.回答,回应
respond to 答复……;对……作出反应
【点津】respond主要用作不及物动词,若后接宾语应借助介词to;作及物动词时,后接that从句可引出直接引语。
【练会】单项填空
①Don't respond any emails requesting personal information,no matter how official they look.
A.with B.at
C.for D.to
②These comments came in to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
A.response B.request
C.agreement D.thinking
D
A
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③为回应来自居民的投诉,市政会通过了这项法律。
The law was passed by the town council______________________________
.(应用文写作之投诉信)
in response to complaints
from residents
7.power n.力量;能力;权力;动力
【归纳】(1)come to/into power掌权;上台;执政(表示动作)
be in power执政;当权(表示状态)
in one's power在某人的掌控中
beyond one's power某人力所不能及的
do all/everything in one's power to do sth 竭尽全力做某事
(2)powerful adj.强大的;强有力的
【佳句】I’ll do all/everything in my power to prepare well for the coming final exam.
我将竭尽全力为即将到来的期末考试做好准备。
【练会】单项填空
①(2019·江苏卷改编)It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most animal on Earth.
A.beneficial B.useful
C.powerful D.careful
②Unfortunately,it's my power to get through the work in such a short time.
A.out B.off
C.against D.beyond
C
D
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③运动员们竭尽全力去争夺金牌,这给我留下了深刻的印象。
The athletes to compete for the gold medals,which left me a deep impression.(power)
did all/everything in their power
8.inspire v.鼓舞,激励;启发思考
【归纳】(1)inspire sb with...用……激励某人
inspire...in sb使某人产生……
inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事
be inspired by...被……鼓舞
(2)inspiration n.灵感
(3)inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的,激励的
(4)inspired adj.卓越的;激动人心的
【佳句】The teacher inspires his students to give their opinions actively even if they are different from his own.
这位老师鼓励他的学生积极地提出自己的意见,即使他们的意见与他的不同。
【练会】单项填空
①The project by a French team from that university hospital centre.
A.was inspired B.inspired
C.being inspired D.to be inspired
②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an
to her family.
A.encouragement B.decision
C.enthusiasm D.inspiration
A
D
【写美】完成句子/句式升级·背诵
③他激发了很多年轻人对计算机科学感兴趣。
He interest in computer science.(写作话题之人物)
④As they were inspired by his example,hundreds of others volunteered to
join us.
→ ,hundreds of others volunteered to join us.(过去分词短语作状语)
inspired many young people to have
Inspired by his example
9.break down拆毁,拆除;(机器)出故障;(身体)垮掉;(化学)分解;失败
【归纳】break up打碎;分裂;解散;结束;分手
break in破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break into强行闯入;突然……起来
break away from脱离;挣脱
break off 停止;突然终止;使折断
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发;发生
break through冲破;(在某领域)有进展或突破
【练会】单项填空
①She is trying to break away the bad habit,which makes her parents happy.
A.off B.against C.with D.from
②The room is in a mess.It must have been broken while we were away.
A.out B.up C.through D.into
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
③The elevator didn't work and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.
→The elevator and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.
D
D
broke down
10.in turn依次;轮流;反之;相应地
【归纳】by turns交替地;轮流
it is one's turn to do sth轮到某人做某事
take turns to do sth轮流做某事
【点津】by turns多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行;in turn表示“按 顺序”。
【练会】单项填空
①What happens in the world makes us happy and sad turns.
A.in B.by
C.at D.beyond
②At the meeting they took turns forward a number of suggestions aiming to promote the reform of the education system.
A.putting B.put
C.to put D.to putting
B
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③在冬天,人们燃烧大量的煤来取暖,这反过来导致了污染和全球变暖。
In winter people burn a lot of coal to warm themselves,and
.(写作话题之环境保护)
this in turn causes pollution and global warming
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.chart
①The sales chart has shown a distinct decline in the past few months.
②A global study has just been started to chart the effects of climate change.
n.图表,示意图
v.记录
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.A jury should not interpret the silence of a defendant a sign of guilt.
A.for B.to C.as D.in
3.He is trying to persuade local and foreign businesses in the project.
A.to invest B.at investing
C.by investing D.invested
C
A
◎重点句型透视
before引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】But before I knew it,I was taking part in local races.
但是在我知道它之前,我就在参加本地的比赛了。
【归纳】(1)It+be+时间段+before从句 “多久之后才……”。
(2)It+be+not long+before从句 “不久就……”。
【点津】It+is/has been+一段时间+since从句,表示“自从……(到现在)有多长时间了”。
【练会】单项填空
①There was additional work to be done all the troops were ready.
A.once B.before
C.if D.since
②It has been ten years we last saw each other.
A.since B.before
C.after D.when
B
A
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我们还需要一段时间才能从统计数据上证明这些变化是由气候变化引起的。
we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change.
It'll be a while before
研真题链接高考
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C)——体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running,research shows,while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does,however,have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk,which is about five miles longer than the marathon.But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触) with the ground at all times.It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however,says Jaclyn Norberg,an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem,Mass.
Like running,race walking is physically demanding,she says.According to most calculations,race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour,which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,although fewer than running,which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However,race walking does not pound the body as much as running does,Dr.Norberg says.According to her research,runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step,while race walkers,who do not leave the ground,create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result,she says,some of the injuries associated with running,such as runner's knee,are uncommon among race walkers.But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips,so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact,anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique,she says.It takes some practice.
理清脉络
真题再做
28.Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A.They must run long distances.
B.They are qualified for the marathon.
C.They have to follow special rules.
D.They are good at swinging their legs.
C
解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知,竞走必须遵循特殊规则。故选C项。
29.What advantage does race walking have over running
A.It's more popular at the Olympics.
B.It's less challenging physically.
C.It's more effective in body building.
D.It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
D
解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“...some of the injuries associated with running,such as runner's knee,are uncommon among race walkers.”可知,与跑步相比,竞走的优势在于它不太可能使膝盖受伤。故选D项。
30.What is Dr.Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking
A.Getting experts' opinions.
B.Having a medical checkup.
C.Hiring an experienced coach.
D.Doing regular exercises.
A
解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“In fact,anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique...”可知,Dr.Norberg对于想尝试竞走运动的人的建议是咨询专业人士的意见。故选A项。
31.Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking
A.Skeptical. B.Objective.
C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.
B
解析:推理判断题。通读全文,作者介绍了竞走这项运动的特点:需要遵循一定规则;膝盖较少受伤,但会对脚踝和臀部造成压力;如果想从事这项运动,尚需专业人士的指导。由此可推断,作者对待竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
conditioned Race walkers are conditioned athletes.
2.猜测生僻词词义
The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk,which is about five miles longer than the marathon.
condition
adj.有条件的
田径运动
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
pound However,race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr.Norberg says.
v.反复击打;连续重击
4.仿写经典句型
But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.
仿写:它要求你仔细阅读这些句子的意思,才能知道到底需要做什么。
It requires carefully about the meaning of these sentences to know what is exactly needed to do.
that you read
5.破解复杂句式
(1)According to most calculations,race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour,which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,although fewer than running,which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
分析:本句为含有两个非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。主句为主谓宾结构,主句的主语为race walkers,谓语动词为would burn,宾语为about 800 calories per hour。其中moving at a pace of six miles per hour是现在分词形式作 ,修饰race walkers;第一个which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰about 800 calories per hour;第二个which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰 。
后置定语
running
译文:
根据大多数的计算结果,以每小时6英里的速度行走的竞走者,每小时会消耗大约800卡路里,消耗的热量大约是步行者的两倍,但是比跑步者的要少,跑步者每小时大概可以消耗1,000卡路里,甚至更多。
(2)According to her research,runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step,while race walkers,who do not leave the ground,create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
分析:本句是while连接的两个并列句。主句为主谓宾结构,主句的主语是runners,谓语动词是hit,宾语是the ground。句中的while连接两个并列句子,
表示 ;who 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰 。
译文:
对比
race walkers
根据她的研究,跑步者每一步着地时自身承受的重量是其体重的4倍,而竞走者由于每一步都不离开地面,仅承受约自身体重1.4倍的重量。
测效果课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
monitor
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. Doctors watched the old man's heartbeat on a monitor.
生义 v. The new findings suggest that women ought to monitor their cholesterol(胆固醇) levels.
显示器
监测,监视
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组 基础必练
1.You could feel the in the room as we waited for our exam results.
A.eagerness B.relief
C.confidence D.tension
2.The search was called off for the sailors who in the storm.
A.was disappeared B.disappeared
C.has disappeared D.was disappearing
D
B
3.Johnson was influential in persuading the producers money into the film.
A.to putting B.into putting
C.putting D.put
4.No one could go forward with a load of memories.
A.happy B.painful
C.unforgettable D.precious
5.I'm convinced that I do have the power as a volunteer.
A.to work B.worked
C.working D.for working
B
B
A
6.Many languages are for lack of speakers.
A.dying off B.dying from
C.dying out D.dying back
7.The speaker says that economic recovery is just the corner.
A.in B.around
C.at D.by
C
B
8.A great fire ,and as a result,the house was completely destroyed.
A.broke out B.broke through
C.broke in D.broke down
9.If only everyone their hunting guns and protected the wild animals.
A.put out B.put off
C.put down D.put up
A
C
B组 高考链接
10.(2021·浙江卷改编)Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully .
A.inspired B.inspiring
C.discouraging D.satisfied
11.(2020·江苏卷改编)The public health emergency was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
A.response B.answer
C.reaction D.comment
B
A
12.(2020·天津卷改编)As any younger brother will tell you,having a big brother a lot of walking in someone else's shadow.
A.contains B.involves
C.lists D.presents
B
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.在我很小的时候,我被劝说去练体操。(persuade)
2.然而,我无法适应艰苦的环境,因为教练让我一遍遍地练习保持平衡。(adjust,balance)
3.但教练鼓励我要全力以赴。(inspire)
4.后来我有幸参加了许多重要的比赛。(be involved in)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
I was persuaded to practice gymnastics when I was very young. However,I couldn't adjust myself to the tough environment,because the coach asked me to keep the balance again and again.But the coach inspired me to try my best.Under his encouragement,I tried harder,and I was fortunate to be involved in many important competitions later.(共65张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 2 Let's celebrate!
英 语
通词句基础自测
[必背写作词汇]
教材单词
1. n.收成
2. v.投票,表决
3. adv.不管,不顾
4. v.认为,看作
5. n.信封
6. n.请求,要求
7. v.挥手,招手
8. n.(报纸、杂志的)主编,编辑
harvest
vote
regardless
regard
envelope
request
wave
editor
9. n.力气,精力
10. n.前夕,前一天
11. n.成人,成年人
12. n.(为达到某目标的)过程,进程
13. n.公民,市民
14. n.听众,观众
effort
eve
adult
process
citizen
audience
[识记阅读词汇]
1.dragon n.
2.lunar adj.
3.poet n.
4.fantasy n.
5.literature n.
6.pole n.
7.handwritten adj.
龙
月球的
诗人
幻想,想象
文学
(行星的)地极,(尤指地球的)北极或南极
手写的
8.polar adj.
9.roof n.
10.fancy adj.
11.guy n.
12.lantern n.
13.dessert n.
14.riddle n.
极地的
(建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的)顶,顶部
花哨的,别致的
(尤指青年)男子
灯笼
(饭后的)甜食,甜品,甜点
谜,谜语
15.embrace v.
16.software n.
17.token n.
18.overseas adv.
19.global adj.
20.interact v.
21.phenomenon n.
欣然接受,乐意采纳(新思想、意见等)
(计算机)软件
象征,标志
在海外,在外国
全球的,全世界的
互动
现象
[构织连脉词汇]
1.______________ v.向……表示敬意→______________ adj.可敬的
2.______________ n.装饰物→______________ vt.装饰
3.______________ n.自由,自由权利→______________ adj.自由的→______________ adv.自由地,不受限制地,畅通地
4.______________ v.参加,参与→______________ n.参加→______________ n.参与者,参加者
5.______________ n.(社会上的)不平等→______________ adj.平等的→______________ adv.平等地→______________ n.平等,相等
6.______________ n.(长篇)小说→______________ n.小说家
honour
honourable
decoration
decorate
freedom
free
freely
participate
participation
participant
inequality
equal
equally
equality
novel
novelist
7.______________ adj.频繁的,经常的→______________ adv.经常
8.______________ v.抱怨,不满,发牢骚→______________ n.抱怨
9.______________ n.警告,警示,告诫→______________ v.警告
10.______________ adj.挨饿的,即将饿死的→__________ v.(使)挨饿,饿死
→______________ n.挨饿,饿死
11.______________ v.表明,显示→______________ n.指示;表明;标示;象征→______________ n.指示器;指针
12.______________ v.吸引,引起……的兴趣
→______________ adj.吸引人的,有吸引力的
→______________ n.吸引力;具有吸引力的事物或人
regular
regularly
complain
complaint
warning
warn
starving
starve
starvation
indicate
indication
indicator
attract
attractive
attraction
13.______________ n.比赛,竞赛→______________ vi.比赛,竞争→______________ adj.竞争的→______________ n.竞争者,对手
14.______________ adj.正式的→______________ adj.非正式的
15.______________ n.东道主,主人→______________ n.女主人
16.______________ n.场合,时刻→______________ adj.偶尔的,偶然的
17.______________ v.(不情愿地)承认→______________ n.承认
18.______________ n.失去,丧失→______________ v.丧失→______________ adj.丢失的,迷路的
competition
compete
competitive
competitor
formal
informal
host
hostess
occasion
occasional
admit
admission
loss
lose
lost
19.______________ adj.退休的→______________ v.退休,退役→______________ n.退休
20.______________ v.存在,实际上有→______________ n.存在
21.______________ n.国籍;民族→______________ n.国家→______________ adj.全国的
22.______________ n.欢欣,愉快,喜悦
→______________ adj.高兴的,快乐的,令人愉快的
retired
retire
retirement
exist
existence
nationality
nation
national
joy
joyful
常用短语
1. 为了纪念……
2. 不管;不顾;不理会
3. 以……为基础
4. 把……视作……
5. 抱怨……
6. (用纸、布等)把……包起来
7. 打扮成……
8. 喜爱,热衷于
9. 和……无关
in memory of
regardless of
be based on
regard...as...
complain about
wrap...up
be dressed as
be keen on
have nothing to do with
重点句型
1.The letters did,however,change as Tolkien's children got older...
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】“do/does/did+动词原形”结构
2.What's more,not only are these attended and enjoyed by Chinese citizens living abroad,but by many other nationalities,too.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】not only...but (also)...不仅……而且……
不过,随着托尔金的孩子们逐渐长大,信的内容的确发生了变化……
更重要的是,不仅居住在国外的中国公民参加和享受这些活动,许多其他国家的人也参加。
3.It seems that Chinese Spring Festival is becoming a global celebration of joy and love.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】It seems that...结构
中国的春节似乎正在成为一个全球性的充满欢乐和爱的庆典。
提能力增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.honour v.向……表示敬意;尊敬 n.尊敬,荣誉
【归纳】(1)be honoured for...因……获得尊敬或荣誉
be/feel honoured to do sth 做……而感到荣幸
(2)have the honour of doing sth有幸做……
in honour of为了纪念……
It's an/one's honour to do sth做某事是一种/某人的荣幸
(3)honourable adj.可敬的,值得钦佩的
【练会】单项填空
①It's my great honour that I am running for the chairman of the Students' Union.
A.announcing B.to announce
C.announced D.to be announced
②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Judges will choose up to 50 mention winners,who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
A.honorable B.respectful
C.inviting D.promising
B
A
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③很荣幸能借此机会谈谈我是如何在网上学习英语的。
→ take this opportunity to talk about how I learn English on the Internet.(honour n.)
→I take this opportunity to talk about how I learn English on the Internet.(honour n.)
→I take this opportunity to talk about how I learn English on the Internet.(honoured)
It is a great honour to
have the great honour to
am/feel greatly honoured to
2.complain v.抱怨,不满,发牢骚
【归纳】(1)complain(to sb) of/about sth (向某人) 投诉/抱怨某事
complain about doing sth 抱怨做某事
complain (to sb) that...(向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n.抱怨,投诉,控告
make a complaint/complaints to sb about/of sth向某人抱怨/投诉某事
【点津】complain用作及物动词时,不能用于被动语态,后只能接that从句,不接名词或代词。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·江苏卷改编)Some people—and I was one of them—believe that humorous complaints the little problems of life make humor,and sometimes that is the case.
A.with B.out
C.about D.off
②The police received several about the noise from our party.
A.explanations B.complaints
C.evidence D.anxiety
C
B
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③邻居们向警方抱怨车辆的噪声。
→Neighbours the noise of the traffic.(complain)
→Neighbours the noise of the traffic.(complaint)
complained to the police of/about
made a complaint to the police about/of
3.warning n.警告,警示,告诫
【归纳】warn v.警告,提醒
warn sb against doing sth警告某人不要做某事
warn sb of sth提醒某人某事
warn sb that...警告/提醒某人……
【佳句】The boss warned her that if she would not work harder,she would lose the job.
老板警告她说,如果她再这样做,她就会失去这份工作。
【练会】单项填空
①The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early signals that we really have changed our planet.
A.timely B.warning C.peaceful D.responsible
②Salmon farmers are warning the severe crisis existing in the global industry.
A.off B.against C.of D.for
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③有人警告我们不要吃那些可能使我们的胃不舒服的鱼。
We were eating the fish which might upset our stomachs.
B
C
warned against
4.request n.& v.请求,要求
【归纳】(1)make a request for请求,要求
at sb's request=at the request of sb应某人的要求
(2)request sb to do sth要求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth要求……做某事
it is/was requested that...(should) do sth据要求……做某事
【点津】在与request相关的名词性从句或“it is/was requested that...”句型中,从句谓语用“should+do”表示虚拟语气,should可以省略。
【练会】单项填空
①All the students are requested the annual school celebration.
A.attending B.at attending
C.to attend D.attended
②It is requested that every teacher their lessons to make them more interesting.
A.varies B.must vary
C.vary D.varied
C
C
【写美】一句多译·背诵
③昨天老板要求我们不要在办公室里吸烟。
→The boss in the office yesterday.(request sb to do)
→The boss in the office yesterday.(request that)
→ in the office yesterday.(it is/was requested that)
requested us not to smoke
requested that we (should) not smoke
It was requested by the boss that we (should) not smoke
5.attract v.吸引,引起……的兴趣、注意等
【归纳】(1)attract sb to sth吸引/引起某人对某事的兴趣
attract one's attention吸引某人的注意
(2)attraction n.有吸引力的特征;有吸引力的地方/事物;吸引,吸引力
a tourist attraction旅游胜地
(3)attractive adj.有吸引力的;诱人的
be attractive to对……有吸引力
【佳句】Mount Tai is attractive to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historical sites. 历史遗迹
泰山以其美丽的风景和历史古迹吸引着游客。
【练会】单项填空
①A shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers his shop simply by making changes to its environment.
A.to B.off
C.with D.by
②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main tourist .
A.scenery B.sights
C.views D.attractions
A
D
6.occasion n.场合,时刻,机会
【归纳】(1)on occasion有时,偶尔
on this/that occasion 这/那次
on the occasion of在……时候,在……之际
(2)occasional adj.偶尔的,临时的
(3)occasionally adv.有时,偶尔
【点津】当名词occasion作先行词,且后面定语从句的关系词在句中作状语时,如果其表示时刻,常用关系副词when;若表示场合,应用关系副词where。
【练会】单项填空
①He's devoted to his work and can only visit his parents .
A.generally B.occasionally
C.freely D.actually
②I can remember very few occasions he had to cancel his plan because of illness.
A.that B.which
C.where D.when
B
D
【写美】完成句子/一句多译·背诵
③我曾几次见过他。
I've met him .
④偶尔,我会阅读指定的小说。
→ ,I would read a novel that was assigned.
→ ,I would read a novel that was assigned.
on several occasions
Occasionally
On occasion
7.admit v.(不情愿地)承认;接纳;接收(入学)
【归纳】(1)admit doing sth承认做……
admit to sth承认……
admit that...承认……
be admitted to/into被接纳进入;被录取到……
(2)admission n.入场费;进入
【点津】admit表示“承认”时,后可接名词、动词-ing形式,不接不定式。
【练会】单项填空
①Gaining to a key university is seen as a key to future success for some parents.
A.admission B.entrance C.exit D.admittance
【写美】一句多译·背诵
②这个男孩不承认向母亲撒了谎,这让他的母亲很失望。
→The boy ,which made his mother disappointed.
→The boy ,which made his mother disappointed.
A
didn't admit lying/having lied to his mother
didn't admit that he had lied to his mother
8.effort n.力气,精力
【归纳】make efforts/an effort/every effort to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort (to do sth)不遗余力(做某事)
with effort努力地,艰难地
without effort容易地,不费力地
【点津】“尽一切努力做某事” 的表达法还有:
try/do one's best to do sth
do all that sb can to do sth
do what sb can to do sth
【练会】单项填空
①Many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts the center stage.
A.to taking B.to take C.taking D.took
②The little boat rolled down the river effort with the wind behind it.
A.with B.without C.by D.beyond
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我相信,通过我们的共同努力,我们一定能取得好的结果。
I am convinced that .
B
B
with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results
9.be keen on喜爱,热衷于
【归纳】be keen on sb/sth喜欢某人/某物
be keen on doing sth喜欢做某事
be keen to do sth渴望/愿意做某事
【佳句】
what引导主语从句 that引导表语从句
What surprised me is that you are keen on Chinese poetry.
使我惊讶的是你对中国诗歌的热爱。
【练会】单项填空
①It has always been an attraction for those who are keen anything that is Chinese.
A.for B.about
C.on D.with
②With an election approaching,the prime minister is keen his popularity.
A.on maintain B.maintaining
C.to maintain D.maintained
C
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③如果你喜欢天文学,你可能会热衷于收集描述恒星、行星、宇宙飞船、宇航员等的邮票。
If you like astronomy,you may the stamps describing the stars,planets,spacecraft,spacemen,etc.(写作话题之业余爱好)
be keen on collecting/to collect
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.loss
①The company announced a pre-tax loss of three million dollars.
②Many parents feel a sense of loss when their children leave home.
③The drought has led to widespread loss of life.
n.亏损
n.失去,丧失
n.丧生,死亡
2.host
①We thanked our hosts for a very enjoyable evening.
②The country is playing host to the next international conference.
③Which country is going to host the next World Cup
④I am always one of the hosts at parties in my company.
⑤An excellent announcer should pronounce every word clearly when hosting a programme.
n.主人
n.主办方,东道主
v.主办
n.主持人
v.主持
Ⅱ.单项填空
3.In the ancient Greek Olympics,only men were allowed to participate
it.
A.on B.in
C.to D.at
4.You can't imagine what difficulty they have existing the money he is earning.
A.by B.to
C.on D.with
B
C
◎重点句型透视
“do/does/did+动词原形”结构
【教材原句】The letters did,however,change as Tolkien's children got older...
不过,随着托尔金的孩子们逐渐长大,信的内容的确发生了变化……
【归纳】“do/does/did+动词原形”构成强调句,意为“确实,的确”,用来加强谓语动词的语气,但须符合以下两个条件:
(1)句子是肯定句;
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
【练会】单项填空
①If he decide to come,please let me know.
A.will do B.did C.does D.do
②My children enjoy themselves while playing on the beach last Sunday.
A.did B.does C.would do D.has done
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我现在很少锻炼,但我上初中时的确喜欢踢足球。
I don't take much exercise now,but I when I was in junior school.(写作话题之学校生活)
C
A
did like playing football
研真题链接高考
(2021·天津3月卷,阅读表达)——个人奋斗经历
I've always been creative since I was a little girl.My childhood was filled with arts,crafts(手工) and music,and every day was an exciting adventure of creation.
Somewhere along the way,however,I lost touch with my creative self.At 21,I landed a job at a big insurance company out of my business degree.I would go to the office,sit at my desk and repeat the same work five days a week 9 to 5.The days were long and tedious.Working this way for one year was painful enough,let alone a lifetime.Before long I decided to make a change.
One thing I had developed an interest in was sewing,so I took a sewing course at a community college.It was only a five-week course but it awakened my interest and got my confidence up.
As I dreamt bigger,I began looking into college courses for Fashion Design and three months later I signed up for a part-time design course.I attended classes two nights a week.Although exhausting,it gave me energy,enthusiasm and happiness.
As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time,the reality of my day-to-day work at the insurance company became harder.I felt bored.No energy,no motivation and zero fulfillment(满足感).
I knew I needed to make a bigger change.After struggling for quite a while,I made a difficult decision—leaving my job and studying my design course full time.Two years later I got my diploma.
The last few years have been exciting because I've been following my heart to do what I love.Today I am living a creative life as the designer of my own fashion brand.
Sometimes it's hard to make a change,but I'm so glad I set the wheels of change in motion with that very small first step because it has led me to where I am today.
理清脉络
真题再做
56.What was the author interested in when she was a little girl (no more than 10 words)
57.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean (1 word)
58.How did the author feel when she was taking the part-time design course (no more than 10 words)
She was interested in arts,crafts and music.
Or:She was interested in creative things.
Boring./Dull./Uninteresting.
She felt/was energetic,enthusiastic and happy.
Or:She was filled with energy,enthusiasm and happiness.
59.What did the author do to get back to her creative life Give two of the facts.(no more than 15 words)
She quit/quitted her job and took the fashion-design course.
Or:She attended a sewing class and took a part-time design course.
60.Do you consider the author as your role model Please explain.(no more than 20 words)
Yes,(I do).She has the courage to follow her heart and do what she really likes.
Or:Yes,(I do).I'd like to live a creative life and make changes when necessary as she did.
Or:No,(I don't),I don't like changes and I want to live a secure life.
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
motivation No energy,no motivation and zero fulfillment.
2.猜测生僻词词义
The days were long and tedious.Working this way for one year was painful enough,let alone a lifetime.
motivate
n.动机;诱因
单调乏味的;令人厌烦的
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
awaken It was only a five-week course but it awakened my interest and got my confidence up.
v.唤起
4.仿写经典句型
Sometimes it's hard to make a change,but I'm so glad I set the wheels of change in motion with that very small first step because it has led me to where I am today.
仿写:好习惯很难养成,但一旦养成,你会受益终生。
,but once it's formed, you'll benefit from it all your lifetime.
It's hard to develop a good habit
5.破解复杂句式
As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time,the reality of my day-to-day work at the insurance company became harder.
分析:该句为主从复合句。As it...full time是 状语从句,其中it为
主语,that fashion...full time为 主语;what I wanted to do full time是名词性从句作 语。
译文:
时间
形式
真正
表
当我越来越清楚自己想全职从事时尚行业时,我在保险公司的日常工作变得更加困难。
测效果课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
embrace
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. They embraced and promised to keep in touch.
生义 v. She eagerly embraced the offer of a trip to Europe.
拥抱
欣然接受
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组 基础必练
1.The letter is to Tom.Please help me send it to him.
A.addressed B.posted
C.sent D.delivered
2.The workers requested that their working conditions further.
A.would improve B.improved
C.be improved D.should improve
A
C
3.They admit the best and brightest international students our top universities.
A.on B.into C.for D.up
4.The market has finished transformation from to regulations.
A.access B.exit
C.random D.freedom
5.Due to the of the sports ground,various sports events have been held here,such as basketball tournaments and football matches.
A.existence B.persistence
C.insistence D.importance
B
D
A
6.With the speeches finished,we voted the monitor.
A.for choosing B.to choose
C.to choice D.by choosing
7.Ecotourism is commonly regarded low-impact travel to undisturbed places.
A.of B.of C.as D.for
8.I went to the store to get some bread but it had .
A.put out B.left out
C.cut out D.sold out
B
C
D
9. the bad weather,he went to work as usual.
A.Regardless of B.On account of
C.In support of D.On basis of
10.Tom was at home when the accident happened.So it had nothing
with him.
A.doing B.did
C.to do D.done
A
C
B组 高考链接
11.(2020·江苏卷改编)He has been honored a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A.for B.as C.with D.by
12.(2021·天津3月卷改编)Robbie Pruitt that he got mad when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September.
A.had admitted B.has admitted
C.admitted D.admits
13.(2021·全国甲卷改编)Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days,I felt a loss and out of place.
A.above B.under C.beyond D.at
B
C
D
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示完成下列短文
Jenny 1._________________(看不清楚) when she was having an English class.She guessed 2._____________________________________________
(她的眼睛可能有问题了).She asked the teacher,“3._____________________
(我现在可以离开吗) My eyes hurt and 4._____________________(我必须去看医生).”The teacher said,“Yes, 5._________________(你当然可以).”
couldn't see clearly
she may/might have something wrong with her eyes
May/Can/Could I leave now
I must go to see a doctor
of course you can
Ⅳ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.约翰,既写小说也写诗,被认为是这个国家最著名的作家之一。
(be regarded as)
2.他的文学作品充满了无限的想象和幻想,吸引了许多读者。(fantasy,attract)
3.他不顾政府的警告,抱怨人权的不平等。(regardless of,warning,complain,inequality)
4.他建议每个人都应该有在选举中投票的自由。(recommend,vote,freedom)
5.这就是约翰,我最喜欢的作家。(favourite)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
John who writes novels as well as poems is regarded as one of the most famous writers in the country.Full of infinite imagination and fantasy,his works of literature have attracted a number of readers.Regardless of warnings from the government,he complained about the inequality of human rights.He recommended that everyone should have the freedom to vote in elections.Such is John,my favourite writer.(共74张PPT)
必修第二册
Unit 1 Food for thought
英 语
通词句基础自测
[必背写作词汇]
教材单词
1. modal verb胆敢,敢于
2. n.种,类
3. v.聚集
4. n.咬
5. n.意见,看法
6. n.(事物的)功能;作用
7. n.日常饮食
dare
sort
gather
bite
opinion
function
diet
8. n.指点,建议
9. n.风俗,习惯,传统
10. n.礼貌,礼仪
11. n.诀窍,技巧,技法
12. v.侵袭,侵蚀
13. prep.在……里
14. v.属于
15. v.忍住,按捺
tip
custom
manners
trick
attack
within
belong
resist
[识记阅读词汇]
1.maple n.
2.pudding n.
3.snack n.
4.cuisine n.
5.spicy adj.
6.butcher n.
7.super adj.
8.bacon n.
9.sausage n.
枫树,槭树
布丁
(正餐以外的)小吃,点心
烹饪(法)
(食物)加有香料的,辛辣的
肉贩
极好的,了不起的
(通常切成薄片的)咸猪肉,熏猪肉
香肠
10.toast n.
11.butter n.
12.roast n.
adj.
13.stinky adj.
14.tofu n.
15.cheese n.
16.someday adv.
17.oolong n.
18.china n.
烤面包(片),吐司
黄油,牛油
大块烤肉
烤好的,烤制的
难闻的,有臭味的
豆腐
干酪,奶酪
将来会有一天,有朝一日
乌龙茶
瓷,瓷料
19.download v.
20.plate n.
21.handle n.
22.tender adj.
23.steak n.
24.sauce n.
25.pizzeria n.
26.vegetarian adj.
27.bitter adj.
28.cheesecake n.
下载(信息或程序)
盘,碟
柄,把手
嫩的,软的(尤指烹饪恰到好处)
牛排
调味汁,酱汁
比萨饼餐厅
(全是)蔬菜的,没有肉类的
苦的,有苦味的
干酪蛋糕
29.creamy adj.
30.acid n.
31.yoghurt n.
32.lifestyle n.
33.swing v.
34.honey n.
35.homemade adj.
似奶油的,软厚平滑的,光滑细软的
酸
酸乳,酸奶
生活方式
(使)(前后)摆动,(使)摇摆
蜂蜜
自制的,家里做的
36.chef n.
37.recipe n.
38.blog v.
n.
39.official n.
40.sour adj.
41.breast n.
42.onion n.
厨师
烹饪法,食谱
写博客
博客,网络日志
官员,高级职员
酸(味)的
(禽类的)胸脯肉
洋葱(头)
[构织连脉词汇]
1.___________ n.婚姻→___________ v.嫁,娶,与……结婚
2.___________ n.婚礼→___________ v.嫁,娶,结婚
3.___________ adj.典型的,有代表性的→___________ adv.具有代表性地
4.___________ v.(身体或精神上)受苦→___________ n.痛苦,苦难,折磨
5.___________ adj.糟糕的→___________ n.恐惧,厌恶,震惊
→___________ v.使厌恶,惊吓
→___________ adj.令人极其厌恶的(或恐惧的、震惊的)
6.___________ n.毒素,毒物,毒药→___________ adj.有毒的
7.___________ n.象征,标志→___________ adj.象征性的
marriage
marry
wedding
wed
typical
typically
suffer
suffering
horrible
horror
horrify
horrifying
poison
poisonous
symbol
symbolic
8.___________ adj.有关系的,相关的→___________ v.使有联系→___________ n.关系
9.___________ n.对……着迷的人
→___________ adj.使人上瘾的;使人入迷的→___________ n.瘾;入迷
10.___________ v.不同,不一样,有区别→___________ adj.不同的→___________ n.差异,不同
11.___________ adv.略微,稍微→___________ adj.轻微的,略微的
12.___________ adv.极端地,非常地
→___________ adj.难以置信的,极好的,极大的
related
relate
relation
addict
addictive
addiction
differ
different
difference
slightly
slight
incredibly
incredible
13.___________ v.推荐→_______________ n.推荐;提议
14.___________ n.建造,建筑→___________ v.建造,建筑
→___________ v.重建,重造
15.___________ adj.令人高兴的,令人满意的→___________ v.使满意→___________ adj.满意的→___________ n.满意,满足
16.___________ adj.方便的,便利的→___________ n.方便,便利
17.___________ v.确定,发现→___________ n.确认,辨认
→___________ adj.可辨认的,可识别的
recommend
recommendation
construction
construct
reconstruct
satisfying
satisfy
satisfied
satisfaction
convenient
convenience
identify
identification
identifiable
18.___________ adv.原先,最初→___________ n.起源,起因
→___________ adj.原来的,起初的
19.___________ n.排行,排名→___________ v.排列
20.___________ adj.含盐的,咸的→___________ n.盐
21.___________ v.(使)适应,(使)适合→___________ n.适应
originally
origin
original
ranking
rank
salty
salt
adapt
adaptation
常用短语
1. 对……惊奇
2. 对……感到震惊
3. 开始喜欢
4. 鼓励某人做某事
5. 遭受,患有
6. 根据
7. 应付
8. 偶遇,发现
9. 使某人想起……
be surprised by
be shocked at
take to
encourage sb to do sth
suffer from
according to
deal with
come across
remind sb of
10. 爱上,喜欢上
11. 以防万一
12. 属于
13. (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
14. 打听(不在时所发生的事情),别后叙谈
15. 养育;提出
16. 买,购买
fall in love with
in case
belong to
end up
catch up
bring up
pick up
重点句型
1.He must have thought I was joking.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】must have done表推测
2.The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】each time引导时间状语从句
他一定认为我在开玩笑。
我们每次喝软饮料的时候,饮料中的糖分就会生成酸,侵蚀我们的牙齿约20分钟。
3.My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too tired to eat much anyway.
【尝试翻译】
【考点凝练】too...to...太……而不能……
我的冰箱通常是半空的,而且我也经常累得吃不下太多。
提能力增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.typical adj.典型的,有代表性的;特有的
【归纳】(1)be typical of...是……的典型
it is typical of sb to do sth做某事是某人特有的做法
(2)typically adv.具有代表性地;典型地
【佳句】It's a Chinese romantic story,typical of Chinese culture.
这是一个中国浪漫故事,是中国文化的典型。
【练会】单项填空
①It is typical of thousands of young people their present jobs in search of more well-paid jobs.
A.quit B.quitting C.to quit D.quits
②Mothers worry about their children.
A.typically B.honestly C.lovely D.fortunately
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③他们的生活方式是普通人的典型。
Their lifestyles were .(写作话题之日常生活)
C
A
typical of ordinary people
2.suffer v.(身体或精神上)受苦
【归纳】(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
suffer from受……折磨;患……病
(2)suffering n.痛苦;苦恼
【点津】(1)suffer后常接pain、loss、defeat、injury等名词作宾语。
(2)suffer 后常接from,表示“受……之苦;患某种疾病”。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·江苏卷改编)Later,he worked in Africa,where many people suffered
blindness for lack of proper treatment.
A.by B.of
C.with D.from
②Shortly after from an incredibly massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins,the city took on a new look.
A.suffered B.suffering
C.being suffered D.having suffered
D
B
【写美】句式升级·背诵
③After they had suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake,they got help from all over the world.
→ ,they got help from all over the world.(现在分词短语作状语)
Having suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake
3.related adj.有关系的,相关的
【归纳】(1)be related to 与……有关系
(2)relate v.联系,把……联系起来
relate...to...将……与……联系起来
relate to...和……相关
(3)relation n.联系,关系
in relation to相对某事物而言(用于显示两者的联系或进行比较);涉及
bear no relation to与……没关系
【佳句】Paper-cutting is closely related to the traditional culture of China,and has a history of more than 1,500 years.
剪纸有一千五百多年的历史,与中国的传统文化紧密联系在一起。
【练会】单项填空
①(2021·天津3月卷改编)Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related this story.
A.with B.for C.to D.of
②(2021·天津3月卷改编)Things are connected.Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all areas.
A.related B.mentioned
C.discussed D.developed
③Have you read the report the explosion in the newspaper
A.in favor of B.in relation to
C.by means of D.in touch with
C
A
B
4.recommend v.推荐;建议
【归纳】(1)recommend doing sth建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth建议某人做某事
recommend (that) sb do sth建议某人做某事
recommend sb sth/recommend sth to sb向某人推荐某物
recommend sb as...推荐某人为……
(2)recommendation n.推荐;介绍;提议
accept/reject a recommendation接受/拒绝一项建议
【点津】以下动词后的宾语从句常常使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。
【练会】单项填空
①I highly recommend this exhibition.I am sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art.
A.to visit B.to visiting
C.visiting D.visited
②(2019·北京卷改编)He recommended that she some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
A.did B.do
C.would do D.does
C
B
③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)If I had to make just one for where to stay in Rome,it would be Yellow Hostel.
A.recall
B.discovery
C.recommendation
D.deed
C
【写美】完成句子/一句多译·背诵
④这两次旅行都值得强烈推荐。
Both trips .(写作话题之旅游)
⑤我们建议您在所有节假日期间购买旅行保险。
→We recommend that on all holidays.
→We recommend on all holidays.
are highly recommended
you purchase travel insurance
you to purchase travel insurance
5.convenient adj.方便的,便利的
【归纳】(1)it is convenient (for sb) to do sth(某人)方便做某事
be convenient for sb/sth对某人/事来说方便
(2)convenience n.便利;方便;便利的事物
for the convenience of为方便……
for convenience为方便起见
at sb's convenience在某人方便的时候
【点津】(1)在it is convenient for sb to do sth结构中,介词for不能用介词of代替。
(2)convenience意为“方便;便利”时,为不可数名词;意为“便利的事物”时,为可数名词。
【练会】单项填空
①It is quite convenient online and you can also buy a wide variety of goods at a low price.
A.to shop B.shopping C.of shopping D.shopped
②Please deliver the goods your earliest convenience.
A.by B.for C.with D.at
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③为方便所有客人,(游客)参观时间以10分钟为限。
,visits are limited to 10 minutes.(应用文写作之通知)
A
D
For the convenience of all guests
6.resist v.忍住,按捺,反抗,抵制
【归纳】(1)resist doing sth 反对做某事
can't resist doing sth 忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj.有抵抗力的
be resistant to sth对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance n.抗拒,反抗
【点津】resist表示“忍住”时,通常用于否定句;resist后常接动词的-ing形式,不接不定式。
【佳句】On hearing that,we were extremely excited and couldn't resist the desire to be involved in it.
一听到那个消息,我们都非常兴奋,忍不住想要参与其中。
【练会】单项填空
①I know it is time for me to set out to do my homework,but I just can't resist
computer games.
A.to play B.play C.played D.playing
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
②When staying with them,he couldn't help playing a joke on them.
→When staying with them,he couldn't a joke on them.(resistant)
→When staying with them,he couldn't a joke on them.(resist)
D
be resistant to playing
resist playing
7.adapt v.(使)适应,(使)适合;改编
【归纳】(1)adapt (oneself) to适应
adapt...for...改编……成……
be adapted from由……改编
(2)adaptation n.适应;改编(本)
【点津】(1)adapt (oneself) to中的to为介词,其后跟名词、代词、动词-ing形式作宾语。
(2)adopt与adapt形式相近,但adopt意为“采纳,采用;收养”。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted at high altitudes.
A.living B.to living
C.to live D.lived
② from J.K.Rowling's book series of the same title,the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.
A.Adapting B.Having adapted
C.Adapted D.To adapt
B
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③提前阅读一些中国古典名著可以帮助你适应中国的语言环境。
Read some Chinese classics in advance can be helpful for you to
.(应用文写作之建议信)
adapt to the Chinese language environment
8.in case以防万一
【归纳】in case of如果;假使
in any case无论如何
in no case决不(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
in that case假使那样的话
as is often the case这是常有的事
it is often the case that...情况往往是这样……
【佳句】It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 主语从句,it为形式主语
通常情况下,对于那些抱着希望的人,一切皆有可能。
【练会】单项填空
① that case,ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry.
A.On B.For
C.In D.With
② is often the case,my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.
A.That B.It
C.Which D.As
C
D
【写美】完成句子/句式升级·背诵
③我要出去一段时间。万一有什么重要的事情发生,立即给我打电话。
I'll be out for some time. ,call me up immediately.
④We should in no case do anything that goes against the interests of people.
→In no case anything that goes against the interests of people.(倒装句)
In case anything important happens
should we do
9.end up(尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来
【归纳】end up doing sth最终/最后做某事
end up with以……结束
end up as最终成为
【练会】单项填空
①Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up your friendship.
A.in ruining B.to ruin
C.ruining D.ruined
②Anderson was born into a poor family,but ended up one of the greatest writers of his time.
A.with B.as
C.to D.against
C
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③如果你花点时间和精力去做到这一点,你最终会有更多的朋友。
If you take the time and effort to do this,you'll .
(应用文写作之建议信)
end up with more friends
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.tip
①The table tipped,and all our drinks fell on the floor.
②The taxi driver was so rude to her that she didn't tip him.
③She gave me a useful tip about growing tomatoes.
④We don't need to leave a tip,because there's a service charge included in the bill.
v.倾斜
v.给小费
n.指点,建议
n.小费
2.trick
①She played a dirty trick on me by telling me Diane was having a party when she wasn't.
②He tricked the old lady into giving him eight hundred dollars.
③The trick about life is to make it look easy.
n.诡计,花招
v.欺骗
n.诀窍
Ⅱ.单项填空
3.The children existed bread and water.
A.on B.in
C.by D.besides
4.A new highway is construction between the two towns.
A.beyond B.under
C.above D.in
A
B
◎重点句型透视
each time引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.
我们每次喝软饮料的时候,饮料中的糖分就会生成酸,侵蚀我们的牙齿约20分钟。
【归纳】名词词组做连词用,引导时间状语从句的有:
(1)由time构成的名词词组: every/each time、the first/last time、next time、any time等。
(2)the+瞬间名词:the minute、the instant、the moment等,意为“一……就……”。
【点津】副词immediately、instantly、directly也可用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”,相当于as soon as。
【练会】单项填空
①Although they hadn't seen each other for ten years,they recognised each other they met.
A.an instant
B.instant
C.instantly
D.the instant when
C
【写美】完成句子/一句多译·背诵
②每次我们野营,妈妈都会读一本书或者唱一首歌。
,Mom would read a book or sing a song.(写作话题之家庭生活)
③汤姆和他的妻子一见钟情。
→Tom and his wife fell in love with each other
.(the first time)
→Tom and his wife fell in love with each other
.(for the first time)
Each time we camped
the first time they met
when they met for the first time
研真题链接高考
(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)——健康的生活方式、积极的生活 态度
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份),it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits,the researchers conducted two experiments.In the first,95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began,each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state,the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit,taking more food than they normally would have.However,they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test,in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case,she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test:the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more,so will I.Call it the “I'll have what she's having” effect.However,we'll adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion,I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot,I'll follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim,why can't I
理清脉络
真题再做
12.What is the recent study mainly about
A.Food safety.
B.Movie viewership.
C.Consumer demand.
D.Eating behavior.
D
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知,这项研究是关于就餐同伴对人们的食物摄取量的影响的。故选D项。
13.What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to
A.Big eaters.
B.Overweight persons.
C.Picky eaters.
D.Tall thin persons.
D
解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句可知,现行研究认为,你应该避免与点大份餐的胖人一同吃饭。但与此相反,这项研究结果显示,你真正应该回避的是大饭量的瘦高个子。最后一段也有提示。故选D项。
14.Why did the researchers hire the actor
A.To see how she would affect the participants.
B.To test if the participants could recognize her.
C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D.To study why she could keep her weight down.
A
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知,研究者们雇用了一位演员,目的在于看她如何影响参与者的胃口。故选A项。
15.On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph
A.How hungry we are.
B.How slim we want to be.
C.How we perceive others.
D.How we feel about the food.
C
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段描述可知,如果一位超重的人吃得多,“我”会减量,因为“我”能看到他饮食习惯的结果;但是如果一位瘦人吃得多,“我”则会跟着多吃。由此可推知,人们饭量的调整基于对吃饭的人的看法。故选C项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
overweight If an overweight person is having a large portion,I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.
weight
adj.超重的
2.猜测生僻词词义
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.
摄取量
3.牢记熟词生义
短语 含义 例句
follow suit The results were similar to the first test:the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
跟着做,模仿(……的)样子
4.仿写经典句型
If this fellow participant is going to eat more,so will I.
仿写:这个国家的人非常注意餐桌礼仪,中国人也是如此。
The people of this country care a lot about table manners,and
.
so do the Chinese
5.破解复杂句式
And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions,it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
分析:这是一个复合句,短语contrary to后有that引导的 从句修饰existing research;you really need to avoid又是一个 从句,with big appetites是介词短语做 语,用来修饰 。
译文:
定语
定语
定
the beanpoles
和现行研究认为的 “你应该避免和肥胖且点大份餐的人在一起吃饭” 相反,你真正需要避免(一同吃饭)的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人。
测效果课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
diet
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. Diet varies between different countries in the world.
生义 v. You should be able to reduce your weight by dieting.
日常饮食
节食
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组 基础必练
1.For months the company has resisted its system.
A.to change B.changed
C.being changed D.changing
2.Once involved in it,you will be addicted the charming tea culture.
A.to B.with
C.by D.in
D
A
3.Health problems are often to bad eating habits.
A.sensible B.opposed
C.exposed D.related
4.Large amounts of land have been used for in the past few years,which raises people's concern.
A.construction B.drinking
C.destruction D.accumulation
5.In the past few days,I,together with my classmates, a short play based on the English text.
A.adapted B.have adapted C.will adapt D.had adapted
D
A
B
6.Sally a piece of chalk and wrote something on the blackboard.
A.picked at B.picked off
C.picked up D.picked out
7.You must remind him to take his medicine, he forgets.
A.in case B.even if
C.so that D.now that
8.The girl by her aunt.
A.bring up B.was brought up
C.take up D.are taken up
C
A
B
9.They have wandering through the streets arm in arm.
A.taken to B.taken in
C.taken up D.taken out
10.When walking down the street,I David,whom I hadn't seen for years.
A.came up B.came out
C.came across D.came into
A
C
B组 高考链接
11.(2021·浙江1月卷改编)Needless to say,I a lot.But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I survived.
A.suffer B.will suffer
C.suffered D.had suffered
12.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷改编)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and
wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit.
A.recommends B.recommended
C.has recommended D.had recommended
C
B
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示用恰当的情态动词补全下列短文
While going on your first trip to the UK is exciting,new and different customs 1.___________________(也会令人困惑).But 2.___________________(不必担心)—here are some tips:You 3.___________________(必须等) until everyone else has been served before you start eating.When you finish your meal,you 4.____________________________________(最好把刀叉放在一起) on your plate.Just remember: when in Rome,do as the Romans do,and you will 5._____________________________(能够享受当地的美食)!
can also be confusing
don't need to worry
have to wait
had better place the knife and fork together
be able to enjoy the local cuisine
Ⅳ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.众所周知,生活方式在日常生活中非常重要。(lifestyle)
2.每个人都有机会选择自己喜欢的方式。(way)
3.我们中的一些人忙于工作、学习和会见朋友,所以他们常常太累了而不能经常在家做饭。(too...to...)
4.不良的饮食习惯或多或少影响着我们的健康。(more or less)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
As we all know,lifestyle is very important in daily life.Each person has a chance to choose the way (that/which)he or she likes.Some of us are busy working,studying and meeting friends,so they are often too tired to do much cooking at home.Bad eating habits more or less affect our health.Cooking at home with fresh,seasonal fruit and vegetables is beneficial to us.
