外研版（2019） 选择性必修第四册Unit1-6课件（6份打包）

(共50张PPT)
选择性必修第四册
Unit 6 Space and beyond
英 语
通词句 基础自测
教材单词
[必背写作词汇]
1.____________n.坏影响,阴影
2.____________v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
3.____________n.(飞机上的)全体机组人员
4.____________adj.很好的,了不起的
5.____________v.(去)拿来
shadow　
scream　
crew　
awesome　
fetch
[识记阅读词汇]
1.notion n.______________________
2.shuttle n.______________________
3.excursion n.______________________
4.rekindle v.______________________
5.instantaneously adv.______________________
6.simulated adj.______________________
7.simulator n.________________________________
8.lifelike adj.___________________________
9.telescope n.______________________
10.angle v.______________________
概念;观点;看法　
航天飞机　
(有特定目的的)短途出行　
重新激起,重新唤起　
瞬间地　
模仿的,模拟的,仿真的　
(用于人员训练的) 模拟装置,模拟器　
(图画、模型等) 生动的,逼真的　
望远镜　
斜置　
11.galaxy n.____________________
12.cosmic adj.____________________
13.conceivably adv.____________________
14.subatomic adj.____________________
15.particle n.____________________
16.straightforward adj.____________________
17.self-discipline n.____________________
18.muscle n.____________________
19.pepper n.____________________
20.sneeze v.____________________
21.disc n.____________________
星系　
宇宙的　
可以相信地;可想象地　
亚原子的;原子内的　
粒子
简单的　
自我约束,自律　
肌肉
胡椒粉　
打喷嚏　
激光唱片;光碟,光盘
[构织连脉词汇]
1.____________adj.危险的,不安全的→____________n.危险,冒险的事
2.____________adj.平常的→____________adj.异常的,例外的→____________n.例外,异议
3.____________adv.悲惨地,不幸地→____________n. 悲剧
4.____________v. 暂停,中止→____________n. 暂停;暂缓,延期
5.____________vt.提交;呈递(文件等)→____________n.提交(物);呈递(书)
6.____________adj.看不见的→____________adj.看得见的→____________n.视力;视觉;想象
hazardous
hazard
unexceptional
exceptional
exception
tragically
tragedy
suspend
suspension
submit
submission
invisible
visible
vision
常用短语
1._____________________习惯于(做)某事
2._____________________提心吊胆
3.________________(飞机)起飞;开始成功;脱掉(衣服等);匆匆离开;休假
4.________________收听;收看
5.________________给……蒙上阴影;在……上投上影子
6.________________大声呼唤某人
7.________________探索星球
8.________________由……组成
9.________________探索;追求
10.________________进入,访问,参观
11.________________从事于,忙于
12.________________接近,靠近
become accustomed to　
one's heart in one's mouth
take off　
tune in　
cast a shadow on　
call to
reach for the stars　
be composed of　
quest for
set foot on　
be engaged in　
close to
重点句型
1.But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue,and on 29 September 1988,the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
【尝试翻译】
但是,载人飞行将继续进行,这是毫无疑问的。1988年9月29日,随着“发现号”的成功发射,航天飞机计划重新开始。
【考点凝练】there is/was never any doubt that...“毫无疑问……”
2.It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short...
【尝试翻译】
“挑战者”号失事至今已有30多年,虽然机组人员的生命被不幸地缩短了……
【考点凝练】It is/has been+一段时间+since...
3.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us,reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars,no matter how distant they might seem.
【尝试翻译】
“挑战者”号的失事召唤着我们,提醒我们必须继续向星空进军,不管它们看起来有多遥远。
【考点凝练】“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句
4.So great was the distance from Earth that it would need to travel for almost six years to reach its destination.
【尝试翻译】
它与地球的距离是如此之远,以至于它要走将近6年才能到达目的地。
【考点凝练】so...that...句型的倒装结构
提能力 增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.unexceptional adj.平常的
【归纳】(1)exception n.例外;例外的事物
make an exception 允许有例外;让……成为例外
with the exception of 除……之外;不包括……在内
without exception 无一例外
(2)exceptional adj.异常的;杰出的;优秀的
(3)exceptionally adv.异常地;杰出地
【练会】单项填空
①The industry is anxious to stress that this is a(n)____________case. 　
A.extra B.additional
C.exceptional D.specific
②It's unclear whether he knew about the____________high lead levels in the house.
A.exceptionally B.average
C.violently D.fiercely
③You must report here every Tuesday____________exception.
A.with B.beyond
C.against D.without
C
A
D
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
④I like all kinds of movies but not horror movies.
→I like all kinds of movies ________________________horror movies.
with the exception of
2.scream v. (因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫　n.尖叫声
【归纳】scream (sth) (out) at sb朝某人大声喊叫
scream for sth因某事大叫
scream at sb to do sth朝某人喊叫做某事
scream with excitement/terror/fear/pain 因兴奋/恐惧/痛苦而尖声喊叫
a scream of pain/laughter/excitement 痛苦、大笑、激动时的尖叫声
【练会】单项填空
①I started screaming____________loud for help,but my voice sounds so weak down from the slope.
A.off B.out C.up D.away
②Through the smoke,the rescuers could hear people tragically screaming ____________help.
A.for B.without C.at D.of
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③孩子们看到他们喜爱的人物时,他们一边鼓掌一边高兴地尖叫。
The children clapped and __________________________when they saw their favourite characters.
B
A
screamed with joy
3.suspend v.暂停,中止;延缓,推迟;悬,挂;使暂时停职
【归纳】(1)be suspended from the job被停职
be suspended by被悬挂
(2)suspension n.暂停,中止
【佳句】Hardly had the match just begun when it began to rain cats and dogs so the play was suspended.
比赛刚刚开始就突然下起倾盆大雨,所以只好暂停了。
倒装句
【练会】单项填空
①My sister ____________from her job shortly after the incident.
A.suspended B.had suspended
C.was suspended D.has suspended
②The school allows a partial ____________of its rules on the last day of a term.
A.practice B.suspension
C.advance D.increase
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③新制度的实施已经推迟到明年。
The introduction of the new system ______________________until next year.
C
B
has been suspended
4.submit v.提交;呈递;服从;顺从
【归纳】(1)submit sth to sb提交/呈递某物给某人
submit (oneself) to...顺从……;屈服于……
(2)submission n.屈服;呈递;提交
in submission to 投降于,屈从于
【点津】 在submit...to...短语中,submit是及物动词,意为“呈交,提交”;而在submit to 短语中,submit是不及物动词,意为“服从,屈服”。
【练会】单项填空
①I hope you can submit your term papers ____________me before the deadline.
A.with B.by C.to D.at
②We can't submit ____________our fate.Instead,we should take a positive attitude to the present situation.
A.at B.to
C.with D.under
③The teachers agreed to a special meeting,in ____________to parents' demands.
A.agreement B.relation
C.submission D.answer
C
B
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④重要的是你应该在6月28日之前提交你的文章。
It is important that you __________________________________________.
(应用文写作之约稿信)
should submit your article before 28th June
5.be accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事
【归纳】(1)accustomed adj.经常的;惯常的;习惯了的
(2)accustom v.使习惯于,使适应
accustom sb/oneself to (doing) sth 使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
【佳句】He quickly accustomed himself to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.
他很快使自己适应了大学里浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
【练会】单项填空
①Knowing that you are not accustomed ____________the life here and are considering returning to America,I feel very upset.
A.of B.to C.with D.at
②For those ____________a comfortable life,the change to remote areas must have been very hard indeed.
A.accustoming to B.accustomed to
C.used with D.using to
③It will not be long before you get accustomed ____________on the left side of the road in Britain.
A.to drive B.to driving
C.driving D.with driving
B
B
B
【写美】句式升级·背诵
④The old man is accustomed to living in the countryside,and he finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.
→ ________________________________________,the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.(过去分词作状语)
Accustomed to living in the countryside
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.fetch
①Would you mind going to fetch the kids from school _______________
②The painting is expected to fetch at least $20 million._______________
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.Many stars overhead are invisible____________the naked eyes.
A.by B.against C.with D.to
3.She's gone to fetch the her son ____________the library.
A.to B.from C.off D.away
v.接来(某人)
v.售得;卖得
D
B
◎重点句型透视
“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us,reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars,no matter how distant they might seem.
“挑战者”号的失事召唤着我们,提醒我们必须继续向星空进军,不管它们看起来有多遥远。
【归纳】(1)no matter+疑问词只引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句,其含义相当于疑问词+ever,意为“不管,无论”,其位置可在主句前,也可在主句后。
(2)whatever、whoever、whichever、whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
【佳句】In my opinion,whenever in trouble,we should seek help from those we trust most.
我认为,无论何时遇到困难,我们都应该向我们最信任的人求助。
【练会】单项填空
①Jordan said that no matter ____________it ends,it starts with hope.
A.what B.how
C.when D.where
②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)____________it is,the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
A.What B.Whatever
C.How D.However
③So,____________you are,thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out,but made her day too.
A.whichever B.whoever
C.who D.what
B
B
B
④No matter ____________I have difficulties in my English study,you are the one that I will turn to first.
A.how B.where
C.what D.when
【写美】一句多译·背诵
⑤不管未来的生活有多大的挑战,我都愿意勇敢地去拥抱它。
→ __________________________________________,I'd like to embrace it bravely.(no matter)
→ __________________________________________,I'd like to embrace it bravely.(however)
D
No matter how challenging the future life is
However challenging the future life is
研真题 链接高考
(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D)——宇宙探索
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem It's turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years,Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案).“We don't give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold,a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other than ‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically,it's ‘I've got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA.'Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and... it's not a very nice thing at times.It's a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I don't teach.” And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.
理清脉络
真题再做
32.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A.They are hard to get rid of.
B.They lead to air pollution.
C.They appear in different forms.
D.They damage the instruments.
A
解析:推理判断题。第一段的第二句提到,来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面会无法控制地生长,所以宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。由此可知,在国际空间站,很难除掉细菌。
33.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B.To sharpen students' communication skills.
C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D.To link space technology with school education.
D
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.”可知,该项目设计的目的是把教室和NASA的工程师们连接起来。分析选项可知,D项与该意思一致。
34.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program
A.Check their product.
B.Guide project designs.
C.Adjust work schedules.
D.Grade their homework.
A
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...‘I've got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA.'Engineers come and really do an in-person review...”可知,NASA的工程师们要亲自检查他们的成果。
35.What is the best title for the text
A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts
B.Space:The Final Homework Frontier
C.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom
D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform
B
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章的最后一句可知,戈登的学生每天都会给NASA的工程师发邮件,讨论这个问题,为太空测试准备一个可行的解决方案,故B项“太空:最后的作业前沿”作为文章的标题最合适。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
________ uncontrollably ________________ The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.
________ graded ________________ There is no graded homework.
control
adv.不可控制地
grade
adj.(按难度、大小等)
分级的,评分的
2.猜测生僻词词义
Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and...it's not a very nice thing at times.____________
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
present ____________ ...I've got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA.
4.These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.
仿写:作为健康的人,我们很幸运,我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的,并努力过有意义的生活。
Being healthy people,we are _________________________we should value what we own and try our best to live a meaningful life.
亲自的
vt.提交
so lucky that
5.破解复杂句式
It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.
分析:It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms是_________, like是介词,后面接宾语the one,在the one后是一个省略了关系代词的_____从句,省略的关系代词做lead的________。
译文:
主句
定语
宾语
这个问题取决于美国国家航空航天局HUNCH中学的课堂,就像纽约费尔波特的费尔波特中学的科学老师Gene Gordon和Donna Himmelberg领导的项目一样。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
angle
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. ____________ The plane was coming in at a steep angle.
生义 v. ____________ He angled his chair so that he could sit and watch her.
斜角,角度
斜置
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组　基础必练
1.Along with your wonderful innovation,you need to submit a report_______ the Student Union,explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.
A.to B.with C.for D.by
2.Don't worry;you'll soon be accustomed ____________in the countryside.
A.to living B.to live C.living D.lived
3.I have checked your homework,and you seem ____________a mistake here.
A.to make B.to making
C.to have made D.making
A
A
C
4.The more efforts we make,the____________chance we will have to be successful.
A.bigger B.biggest
C.big D.more big
5.Those who ____________staying up late are more likely to suffer from other diseases.
A.are accustomed with B.are used at
C.are used by D.are accustomed to
6.When I came in,he ____________playing computer games instead of reading a book.
A.was busy in B.was engaged in
C.was buried with D.was absorbed by
A
D
B
7.The little kid standing outside the shop ____________the driver to stop.
A.called upon B.called up
C.called to D.called on
8.One of the themes of American Literature is the quest ____________the American dream.
A.for B.to C.at D.with
9.We eventually ____________at 11 o'clock and arrived in Beijing at 1:30.
A.took up B.took on
C.took in D.took off
10.An unhappy childhood would cast a shadow ____________one's whole life.
A.above B.to C.at D.on
C
A
D
D
11.I feel their warmth and find myself in an ocean of friendship whenever I set foot ____________Chinese soil.
A.to B.on C.at D.in
12.The research team you referred to just now ____________50 people.
A.is consisted of B.made up
C.is composed of D.is made up with
B
C
B组　高考链接
13.(2021·天津3月卷改编)My kids screamed ____________joy.We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day.
A.at B.for
C.with D.of
14.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an____________museum in Shanghai.
A.national B.exceptional
C.local D.science
C
B
15.(2020·天津卷改编)Jones' idea has been fully realized — the“HAPPY TO CHAT”benches help break down the____________social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
A.invisible B.visible
C.impossible D.accessible
A
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.每个孩子在童年时期都有一个看不见的梦想,这是很正常的。(invisible,unexceptional)
2.李明有一个了不起的梦想,那就是成为一名天文学家。(awesome)
3.然而,他的父亲却尖声大叫,说这是不可能的,这给他留下了阴影。(scream,cast a shadow on)
4.不幸的是,他的梦想被搁置了。(tragically,suspend)
5.进入大学后,他偶然有机会与一位教授分享自己的看法。(notion)
6.教授鼓励他继续他的梦想。瞬间,他的梦想又被点燃了。(instantaneously,rekindle)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
It is unexceptional for every child to have an invisible dream in his/her childhood.Li Ming has an awesome dream that was to become an astronomer. His father,however,screamed that it was impossible,which cast a shadow on him.Tragically,his dream was suspended.After going into the university,he was given a chance to share his notion with a professor accidentally.The professor encouraged him to continue his dream.Instantaneously,his dream was rekindled.(共51张PPT)
选择性必修第四册
Unit 5 Into the unknown
英 语
通词句 基础自测
教材单词
[必背写作词汇]
1.____________v.将……埋在下面
2.____________n.残垣断壁,废墟
3.____________v.退缩,畏缩
4.____________adv.此外;而且;不仅如此
5.____________n.物质
bury
ruin
shrink
furthermore
substance
[识记阅读词汇]
1.intrigue v._________________________________________________
2.pyramid n.____________
3.astronomy n.____________
4.canal n.____________
5.tropical adj.______________________
6.cyclone n.____________
7.megadrought n.____________
8.downfall n.____________
9.getaway n.____________
10.retreat v.____________
11.subdue v.____________
(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣,引起……的好奇心　
金字塔　
天文学　
运河　
来自热带的;产于热带的
气旋;旋风　
超级干旱　
衰败　
逃跑,逃走　
后退;离开;退避　
克制,抑制(情绪)　
12.uncharted adj.____________________
13.delve v.____________________
14.shipwreck n.____________________
15.coral n.____________________
16.millimetre n.____________________
17.barreleye n.____________________
18.upwards adv.____________________
19.trench n.____________________
20.equivalent adj.____________________
21.stack v.____________________
22.notable adj.________________________
23.vessel n.____________________
地图上没有标明的　
探索,探究　
失事的船;沉船　
珊瑚　
毫米
管眼鱼　
向上,朝上　
海沟　
等同的;等值的;相当的　
(使)整齐地堆起;摞起　
显要的;显著的;值得注意的　
船;舰
[构织连脉词汇]
1.____________n.文明(社会)→____________v.使文明
2.____________v.离弃,逃离→____________adj.被放弃的,被遗弃的
3.____________v.拒绝考虑,否定→____________n.解雇,开除;不予考虑
4.____________n.扩大;增加;扩张 →____________v.扩张,使膨胀,展开
5.____________n.调查→____________v.调查
6.____________adj.考古学的;考古的→____________n.考古学→____________n.考古学家
7.____________n.钻探;勘探→____________v.钻孔,训练
civilisation
civilise
abandon
abandoned
dismiss
dismissal
expansion
expand
investigation
investigate
archaeological
archaeology
archaeologist
drilling
drill
常用短语
1.________________与……相符/一致
2.________________把……应用于……
3.________________除……之外
4.________________更加
5.________________(因无人照料而)衰落,败落
6.________________起航
7.________________等于,相当于
8.________________超出……的能力之外
9.________________逃跑,逃走
10.________________逃命
correspond to　
apply...to...　
on top of　
all the more　
fall into ruin　
set sail　
be equivalent to
beyond the reach of　
make a getaway　
run for one's life　
11._________________调查,检查
12._________________试水,试探
13._________________避开……;从……处脱身
14._________________动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
15._________________积极投入到……中去
16._________________再三考虑,慎重考虑
17._________________避免做,不愿做
18._________________调查(问题)
check out　
test the waters　
steer clear of　
set out　
throw oneself into　
think twice
shrink from　
look into
重点句型
1.The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.
【尝试翻译】
玛雅社会在技术上是原始的这个事实使得它的成就更加难以置信和神秘莫测。
【考点凝练】that引导的同位语从句
2.Meanwhile,the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past,present and future.
【尝试翻译】
与此同时,这种文明的兴衰也必然让我们思考自己的过去、现在和未来。
【考点凝练】leave+宾语+宾语补足语
3.It's argued that the 30th parallel north is a line of great natural energy,with frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
【尝试翻译】
人们认为,北纬30度蕴藏着巨大的自然能量,经常发生地震和火山喷发。
【考点凝练】It is+过去分词+that...
提能力 增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.bury v.埋葬;埋藏;使陷入;沉浸
【归纳】be buried in=bury oneself in埋头于;专心于
be buried in thought在沉思中
bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面
【佳句】As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near,we senior three students are buried in busy work.
随着高考临近,我们高三学生都埋头于繁忙的学习中。
时间状语从句
【练会】单项填空
①In 79CE the ancient civilised city of Pompeii ____________ under a layer of ash seven metres deep.
A.had buried B.was buried
C.buried D.had been buried
②Though ____________in books these days,I have still joined several astronomy clubs in order to improve myself.
A.burying B.to bury
C.buried D.was buried
③Burying his face____________his hands,he tried to subdue his weeping.
A.among B.in
C.over D.under
B
C
B
【写美】句式升级·背诵
④He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading.
→He sat at a wooden table,________________________________________. (过去分词短语作状语)
→He sat at a wooden table,________________________________________. (动词-ing形式短语作状语)
buried in reading
burying himself in reading
2.ruin n. 残垣断壁,废墟　v.毁掉,毁坏;破产
【归纳】(1)ruin sth/sb/oneself毁坏某物/毁掉某人/自己
be ruined by...被……毁坏/破坏
ruin one's health/fame/future毁了一个人的健康/名誉/未来
(2)lie/be in ruins成为废墟
fall into ruin(因无人照料而)衰落,败落
be reduced to ruins沦为废墟
【佳句】You can't change the past,but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.
你改变不了过去,但如果你忧虑未来,将会毁了现在。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)If you do,you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ___________everyone's day.
A.will ruin B.ruins C.has ruined D.is ruining
②Many ancient sculptures fell ____________ruin after the earthquake.
A.to B.into C.at D.in
③With time going on,the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in____________.
A.ruin B.ruins C.destruction D.repairs
④Shrinking from responsibility means ruining ____________.
A.you B.yours C.yourself D.your
B
B
B
C
【写美】一句多译·背诵
⑤他犯了一个错误而被解雇,这让他失去了出国的机会。
→He made a mistake and was dismissed,_____________________________. (定语从句)
→He made a mistake and was dismissed,_____________________________. (动词-ing形式短语作状语)
which ruined his chance of going abroad
ruining his chance of going abroad
3.abandon v.离弃,逃离;遗弃,抛弃;中止;(与oneself连用)使放纵;使听任
n.放任;放纵
【归纳】(1)abandon doing sth放弃做某事
abandon oneself to...沉湎于……;纵情于……
(2)with abandon放纵地;放任地
(3)be abandoned to沉湎于……
【佳句】I know you abandon yourself to designing robots and have won first prize in the Robotics Competition.Therefore,you are the most suitable person.
我知道你对设计机器人很投入,并且你曾获得机器人大赛一等奖。因此,你是最合适的人。
【练会】单项填空
①Science is dynamic:new methods get invented;old ones get ____________.
A.used B.abandoned C.respected D.displayed
②He is abandoned to __________all kinds of English books on the Internet in his spare time.
A.read B.reading C.being read D.reads
③The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms____________ abandon.
A.in B.of C.with D.by
④They should abandon____________computer games and cheating in the exams.
A.to play B.played C.playing D.being played
B
B
C
C
【写美】句式升级·背诵
⑤He abandoned himself to the Internet games and didn't pass the exam.
→ ________________________________________,he didn't pass the exam. (动词-ing形式短语作状语)
→ ________________________________________,he didn't pass the exam. (过去分词短语作状语)
Abandoning himself to the Internet games
Abandoned to the Internet games
4.dismiss v.拒绝考虑,否定;解雇,开除;摒除
【归纳】(1)dismiss sb/sth (as sth)不予考虑;摒弃
dismiss sth (from sth)除去;消除
dismiss sb for...因……解雇某人
dismiss sb from...解雇;开除
(2)dismissal n.不予考虑;解雇,开除;摒弃
【练会】单项填空
①Mr Smith has ____________from his job for incompetence.
A.dismissed B.been dismissed
C.to dismiss D.to be dismissed
②Just dismiss those thoughts ____________your mind—they're crazy and not worth thinking about.
A.off B.against
C.from D.beyond
③He was threatened with ____________if he continued to turn up late for work.
A.invitation B.employment
C.relaxation D.dismissal
B
C
D
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④她消除了恐惧,爬得更高了。
__________________________,she climbed higher.
Dismissing her fears
5.correspond to/with和……相一致,相符合
【归纳】(1)correspond v.相一致;符合;相当于;通信
correspond with sb 与某人通信
correspond to相当于
(2)correspondence n.一致;符合;通信
in correspondence with...与……一致;与……通信
keep up a correspondence (with sb)(与某人)保持通信联系
【佳句】Her expression is concerned but her body language does not correspond.
她满脸关切之情,但她的肢体语言并非如此。
【练会】单项填空
①I assure you my actions will correspond ____________my words.
A.with B.in
C.against D.at
②The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly____________the US Associate Professor.
A.with B.to
C.of D.by
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③关于那天晚上发生的事情,他的陈述和证人所说的不相符。
His story of what happened that night _______________________________ the witness's version.
A
B
didn't correspond to/with
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.getaway
①The gunmen made a getaway on foot.____________
②Big Bear Lake is a popular weekend getaway.____________
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.No matter how big the difficulties ahead are,we'll never shrink__________ them.
A.with B.off C.by D.from
3.Under these conditions the conservation of energy is equivalent__________ the conservation of mass.
A.to B.above C.under D.beyond
n.逃跑,逃走
n.假日休闲地
D
A
◎重点句型透视
leave+宾语+宾语补足语
【教材原句】Meanwhile,the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past,present and future.
与此同时,这种文明的兴衰也必然让我们思考自己的过去、现在和未来。
【归纳】(1)leave用作使役动词,意为“使……处于某种状态”。
(2)leave复合结构的构成:
【佳句】Don't leave the water running while brushing your teeth.
刷牙时不要让水一直开着。
时间状语从句
【练会】单项填空
①He got up late and hurried to his office,leaving the breakfast ___________.
A.touched B.touching
C.untouched D.untouching
②Jack's humour in his speech left the audience ____________all the time.
A.laughed B.laughing
C.laughs D.laughter
③What disappoints me is that she leaves me ____________the work by myself.
A.finishing B.finished
C.to finish D.finish
C
B
C
④Please put these teaching materials in order and don't leave them _________ a mess.
A.on B.at
C.as D.in
【写美】句式升级·背诵
⑤Because of the bad weather,the project was half finished.
→The bad weather ____________________________________.(leave+宾语+宾语补足语)
D
left the project half finished
研真题 链接高考
(2021·全国乙卷,阅读理解D)——噪声对人的创造性思维的影响
During an interview for one of my books,my interviewer said something I still think about often.Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office,he said,“That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange.After all,coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局).But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background,from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝),70 decibels,and 85 decibels.The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant;however,the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups.Since the effects were small,this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant,the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one's creative thinking ability.The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander,without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that,in our offices,we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.Indeed,the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process,and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
理清脉络
真题再做
32.Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A.It helps him concentrate.
B.It blocks out background noise.
C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D.It encourages face-to-face interactions.
A
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.”可知,focus和选项中的concentrate都表示“集中注意力”。故选A项。
33.Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A.Total silence. B.50 decibels.
C.70 decibels. D.85 decibels.
C
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中however之后的话语可知,70分贝组明显超出了其他组。故选C项。
34.What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A.Personal privacy unprotected.
B.Limited working space.
C.Restrictions on group discussion.
D.Constant interruptions.
D
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The problem may be that,in our offices,we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.”可知,当我们试图注意力集中时,我们无法阻止自己不被别人的谈话所吸引。故选D项。
35.What can we infer about the author from the text
A.He's a news reporter.
B.He's an office manager.
C.He's a professional designer.
D.He's a published writer.
D
解析:推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“one of my books”可知,作者是一名作家。故选D项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
____________ participant ____________ The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.
2.猜测生僻词词义
They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background,from total silence to 50 decibels,70 decibels,and 85 decibels.____________
participate
n.参加者,参与者
任意地
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
draw ____________ The problem may be that,in our offices,we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.
4.仿写经典句型
That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.
仿写:我读了关于你们学校英文报纸改革的消息,那就是我写信来谈谈我的看法的原因。
I read about the reform of your school English newspaper,and ________________________ to voice my opinion.
vt.吸引
that's why I'm writing
5.破解复杂句式
Since the effects were small,this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
分析:本句为复合句,Since the effects were small为____________________从句,that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise为that引导的___________从句。
译文:
原因状语
宾语
由于影响很小,这可能表明,我们的创造性思维在完全安静和85分贝的背景噪声下并没有太大差异。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
shrink
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. ____________ Your sweater will shrink if you wash it at a high temperature.
生义 v. ____________ When she was younger she would shrink from me whenever I spoke to her.
(使)缩小,(使)变小
畏缩,退缩
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组　基础必练
1.So far,I have corresponded ____________a foreign friend for two years and we write to each other once a month.
A.in B.to C.with D.over
2.As is known to all,the Chinese____________is one of the oldest in the world.
A.civilisation B.development
C.building D.literature
3.The Hurricane Center warns people not to take the threat of____________ storms lightly.
A.cool B.fierce C.tropical D.rainy
C
A
C
4.The police have completed their____________into the accident.
A.case B.search C.investigations D.study
5.They all ____________on their journey together,and came at last to an ant-hill.
A.set up B.set out C.set off D.set down
6.I tell you this so that you may not ____________the responsibility.
A.shrink from B.escape from
C.benefit from D.learn from
C
B
A
7.____________everything else,I now have to go to work first.
A.Except for B.On top of
C.In addition D.Away from
8.Even before the party came to an end,he threw himself ____________his new job.
A.to B.in C.into D.at
9.Later,I decided to____________my previous experience ____________ how to read and write.
A.apply;to B.supply;to C.provide;with D.apply;for
10.A team of scientists are sent to ____________the possibilities of wind-generated electricity.
A.look at B.look out C.look up D.look into
B
C
A
D
B组　高考链接
11.(2019·天津3月卷改编)The smell ____________my appetite,and I pushed the dish away.
A.damaged B.hurt
C.destroyed D.ruined
12.(2020·江苏卷改编)LoveFone,a company that advocates repairing cell phones rather than ____________them,opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
A.abandon B.to abandon
C.abandoning D.being abandoned
D
C
13.(2021·天津3月卷改编)These ____________into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives.
A.expansions B.stretches
C.habitations D.enlargement
14.(2021·浙江卷改编)He documented his journey as he set about ____________nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.
A.to treat B.to be treated
C.treating D.being treated
A
C
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.大脚怪是世界著名的神秘生物之一,它的存在引发了许多专家去探索。(intrigue,delve into)
2.值得注意的是,它身高6~10英尺,体重超过500磅,身上覆盖着棕色或红色的皮毛,还有大眼睛。(notable)
3.科学家和研究人员团队投入到调查中,并发现了与之相关的东西,如粪便、皮毛等。(throw oneself into,investigation)
4.到目前为止,还没有其他证据证明它的存在。(so far)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
The Bigfoot,one of the world-famous mysterious creatures,intrigued many experts to delve into its existence.It was notable that it was 6-10 feet tall,weighing over 500 pounds and was covered by brown or red fur with large eyes.Teams of scientists and researchers threw themselves into making an investigation and have found things related to it,such as faeces,fur and so on.However,so far there has been no other evidence to prove its existence.(共51张PPT)
选择性必修第四册
Unit 4 Everyday economics
英 语
通词句 基础自测
教材单词
[必背写作词汇]
1.____________adj.无表情的,木然的
2.____________adj.头晕目眩的
3.____________n.障碍,阻碍,妨碍
4.____________v.购买
5.____________adj.质量上乘的,优质的
6.____________n.令人悲伤的事,不幸
7.____________v.(短期的)租用,租借
8.____________n.费用,花费
9.____________n.滥用
10.____________n.偷窃,偷盗
blank　
dizzy　
obstacle　
purchase　
superior
sorrow　
hire　
expense　
abuse　
theft
[识记阅读词汇]
1.forehead n.___________________
2.chairwoman n.___________________
3.sunrise n.___________________
4.bug n.___________________
5.input n.___________________
6.phase n.___________________
7.manufacturer n.________________________
8.cosmetics n.___________________
9.bonus n.___________________
10.equator n.___________________
11.estate n.___________________
额,前额
女主席;女会长
日出(时分);黎明;拂晓
突然的兴趣,迷恋
投入(物)
阶段,时期
制造商;制造公司,制造厂
化妆品,美容品
奖金;红利
赤道
庄园
12.mild adj._____________________
13.calorie n._____________________
14.subjective adj._____________________
15.freshman n._________________________
16.afloat adj._________________________
17.interfere v._____________________
18.rational adj.______________________________
19.exceed v._____________________
20.toddler n._________________________
21.thereby adv._____________________
22.purse n._____________________
不浓烈的,淡的　
卡(路里)
主观的　
(高中或大学的)一年级学生　
经济上周转得开的;不欠债的　
介入;干涉　
(想法、决定等)合理的,基于理性的　
超过,超出　
学步的儿童,刚学走路的小孩　
因此,由此　
(女士)钱包
1.____________n.(事物的)潜力;可能性;潜能 adj.潜在的;可能的→____________adv.可能地;潜在地
2.____________adj.有创业精神的;有事业心的;有进取心的→____________n.企业;事业;进取心;事业心
3.____________n.(商品的)分销,经销;分发;分配
→____________v.(有计划的)分发,分配
4.____________n.指导,引导→____________v.指导;指引
5.____________n.顾问→____________v.商量,请教
6.____________adj.传统的,常规的→____________n.惯例,习俗
7.____________v.不公正地区别对待,歧视
→____________n.歧视;区别,辨别;识别力
[构织连脉词汇]
guide
consult
convention
potential
potentially　
enterprising
enterprise
distribution
distribute　
guidance
consultant　
conventional　
discriminate
discrimination　
8.____________adj.财政的,金融的;财务的
→____________n.财政;财政学;金融→____________adv.财政上地
9.____________v.积累,积聚→____________n.积累;堆积物
10.____________adv.自动地→____________adj.自动的
11.____________n.懊丧,懊恼,沮丧→____________v.使懊丧,使沮丧→____________adj.失意的→____________adj.使人沮丧的
12.____________n.监督;管理→____________v.监督;管理
financial
finance
financially
accumulate
accumulation
automatically
automatic
frustration
frustrate
frustrated
frustrating
supervision
supervise
常用短语
1.___________________至于,关于
2.___________________一个与……完全不同的世界
3.___________________一排又一排地
4.___________________爱上……;对……迷恋
5.___________________起初是……;从……开始
6.___________________对……的反应
7.___________________以最低价
8.___________________再帮个忙
9.___________________受……支配;受……影响
10.___________________使收支仅能相抵,维持生计
as to　
a world away from...　
row upon row　
be bitten by the...bug　
start out　
response to　
at rock-bottom prices　
do a further favour　
be subject to
make ends meet　
11._______________妨碍,阻碍
12._______________陷入债务之中,负债
13._______________出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
14._______________以损害……为代价
interfere with　
go into debt　
rent out　
at the expense of
重点句型
1.They stared back,their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.
【尝试翻译】
他们回望着我,从他们茫然的脸上根本看不出接下来他们要说什么。
【考点凝练】独立主格结构
2....she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.
【尝试翻译】
……她建议,人们应该现实一点,在匆忙行事之前寻求专家顾问的指导。
【考点凝练】虚拟语气
3.As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity,the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.
【尝试翻译】
正如世界各地新的经济活动领域的情况一样,共享经济的发展速度超过了现有的法规或持续监管。
【考点凝练】as引导的非限制性定语从句
4.Nonetheless,what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy.
【尝试翻译】
尽管如此,毫无疑问的是,共享经济与我们的日常生活以及全球经济的关系越来越密切。
【考点凝练】what...is that...
提能力 增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.distribution n.(商品的)分销,经销;分配
【归纳】distribute v.分配;分发;使分布
distribute...to...把……分给……
distribute...among... 在……中分发……
be widely distributed分布广泛
【佳句】I am writing an email to tell you something about our donated books,which will be distributed to each student as soon as possible.
我写这封邮件是告诉你一些我们捐赠的图书的情况。这些书将会尽快分发到每个学生手中。
【练会】单项填空
①I can distribute their letters ____________my students who are willing to have friends and are in need of guidance.
A.for B.with C.above D.to
②The teacher was distributing the sweets ____________the children.
A.of B.against C.among D.off
③The existing medical knowledge and skills are not equally ____________all over the world.
A.separated B.contributed
C.divided D.distributed
D
C
D
【写美】一句多译·背诵
④我告诉那些国际学生,茶在全国各地都有分布。
→I told those international students that tea ___________________________ all over the country.(distribute)
→I told those international students that tea ___________________________ all over the country.(distribution)
is widely distributed
has a wide distribution
2.guidance n.指导,引导
【归纳】(1)ask for/look for some guidance寻求指导
seek guidance from sb 向某人寻求指导
provide guidance on...就……提供指导
under sb's guidance=under the guidance of sb在某人的指导下
(2)guide vt.指导;指引;解释　n.向导,导游
guide sb to/through/around...带领某人到/穿过/参观……
guide sb (through sth)阐明
【练会】单项填空
①Our lawyer guided us _______the complicated questions on the form.
A.under B.through
C.with D.among
②Had it not been for his ____________and encouragement,I couldn't have won first prize in the English speech contest.
A.guidance B.lecture
C.works D.share
③(2019·天津卷改编)The author's purpose in writing the passage is to provide guidance____________leading a meaningful adult life.
A.to B.of
C.on D.beyond
B
A
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④在老师的指导下,她已成长为一位有造诣的钢琴家。
________________________,she has developed into an accomplished pianist.
Under the teacher's guidance
3.consultant n.顾问
【归纳】consult v.咨询;请教;商量,磋商;查阅
consult sb about sth向某人请教/咨询某事
consult with sb与某人商量/与某人磋商
consult a doctor向医生求诊
【佳句】I suggest you should often go to the office to consult your teacher about the methods of learning English.
我建议你经常去办公室向老师请教关于学习英语的方法。
虚拟语气
【练会】单项填空
①When ____________others about important decisions,you'd better keep two things in mind.
A.consulted B.to consult C.consulting D.being consulted
②I'm a 34-year-old man,married,live in a nice house,and have a successful career as a financial ____________.
A.consultant B.designer C.career D.preference
【写美】句式升级·背诵
③After I consulted with my teacher,I made up my mind to major in English.
→ ________________________________________________,I made up my mind to major in English.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
C
A
Having consulted with my teacher
4.sorrow n.悲伤,悲痛;不幸;令人悲伤的事
【归纳】(1)to one's sorrow使某人伤心的是
in sorrow悲伤地
express one's sorrow at/over对……表示悲痛
feel deep sorrow for sb对某人表示悲伤
remove one's sorrow消除某人的悲伤
(2)sorrowful adj.悲痛的
【佳句】Seeing the terrible scene,I felt very sorrowful.
看到这个悲惨的场景,我很悲伤。
【练会】单项填空
①Mary is a warm-hearted girl and sometimes she feels deep sorrow ____________the poor people in African countries.
A.in B.with C.by D.for
②At the news of the king's passing away,the whole country was __________ deep sorrow.
A.under B.among C.over D.in
③Words cannot express my sorrow____________the loss of a child.
A.in B.over C.for D.of
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④看到这可怕的景象,我沉浸在悲痛之中。
Seeing the terrible scene,_________________________________.
D
D
B
I was immersed in sorrow
5.expense n.费用,花费
【归纳】at sb's expense 由某人支付费用
at the expense of以损害……为代价
cover the expense of支付……的费用
spare no expense不惜费用;不惜代价
cut down expenses削减开支
household expenses家庭费用
medical expenses医疗费用
living expenses生活费用
【佳句】All the time and expenses involved in keeping up to date with the changes have been worthwhile.
为了跟上变化而花费的所有时间和费用都是值得的。
过去分词短语作定语
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Too often,when you stand up to give a speech,you focus on the “public”____________the expense of the “speaking”.
A.with B.but
C.at D.except
②We should make careful planning and detailed calculation so as to cut ____________expenses.
A.out B.off
C.into D.down
C
D
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我们将不惜一切代价来保护我们的环境不受污染。
We will _______________________________________from being polluted. (写作话题之环境保护)
④现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境作为代价来发展经济这一事实。
Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldn't develop the economy ____________________________________. (写作话题之环境保护)
spare no expense to protect our surroundings
at the expense of the environment
6.abuse n. 滥用;虐待;辱骂 v.滥用;虐待;辱骂
【归纳】(1)abuse of 滥用……
alcohol/drug abuse酗酒/嗜毒
abuse of power 滥用职权
(2)abuse one's position/authority 滥用职权/权力
【练会】单项填空
①Moreover,the abuse ____________antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.
A.of B.on C.below D.against
【写美】完成句子·背诵
②她的所作所为是滥用经理职权。
What she did was __________________________________________.
A
an abuse of her position as manager
7.go into debt 陷入债务之中,负债
【归纳】be in debt负债
be in debt to sb 欠某人的钱;欠某人的情
fall/run into debt欠债
pay off one's debts 还清债务
get out of debt还清债务
put sb in debt使某人负债
【佳句】He turned a deaf ear to their advice.Consequently,he was burdened with heavy debts.
他对他们的劝告充耳不闻。结果,他背上了沉重的债务。
对……充耳不闻
【练会】单项填空
①She is a person who doesn't like to be in debt____________anyone.
A.with B.to C.of D.over
②Business is down this year,and the company will run ____________debt by the end of the year.
A.in B.to C.into D.below
③Starting your own business could be a way to achieve financial independence.On the other hand,it could just put you____________debt.
A.to B.in C.out D.under
B
C
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④为了还清所有的债务,这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。
The couple worked hard day and night in order to ____________________.
pay off all their debts
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.blank
①Write on one side of the page and leave the other side blank.____________
②Please fill in the blanks with a black pen.____________
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.She never allows her personal feelings to interfere____________her work.
A.in B.at C.to D.with
3.She thinks she's morally superior____________the rest of us.
A.under B.above C.over D.to
adj. 空白的
n. 空格;空白处
D
D
◎重点句型透视
advise引导的宾语从句使用虚拟语气
【教材原句】...she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.
……她建议,人们应该现实一点,在匆忙行事之前寻求专家顾问的指导。
【归纳】(1)advise doing sth/sb to do sth建议(某人)做某事
(2)advise后面跟从句时,从句谓语动词用(should+)动词原形,以下动词具有相同的用法。
一坚持:insist。
二命令:order、command。
三建议:suggest、advise、recommend。
四要求:demand、request、require、desire;加一个敦促:urge。
【点津】 当建议、命令、要求表示等实义动词派生出来的同根名词、形容词或过去分词用于名词性从句中时,从句的谓语动词也常用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”。
【练会】单项填空
①He made the request that the problem ____________at once.
A.would be settled B.should settle
C.be settled D.was settled
②We strongly recommended that he ____________the incident to the police.
A.reported B.reports
C.report D.would report
③It's requested that the experiment referred to ____________in the newly built scientific center.
A.conduct B.be conducted
C.would be conducted D.was conducted
C
C
B
【写美】完成句子/句式升级·背诵
④学生们请求学校提供更多的电脑课。(request+宾语从句)
Students requested that _________________________________________. (应用文写作之倡议书)
⑤The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in place of meat.
→The doctor advised that ________________________________________.
the school (should) provide more computer classes
she (should) eat more bean products in place of meat
研真题 链接高考
(2017·天津,阅读表达)——个人经历
In the years of my growing up,Dad was strict with me.He made sure I made my bed and did my homework.He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.I got so angry with him for laying down the law.I would scream,“ I hate you!” Dad would yell back,“Good!I don't care!” Deep down I knew he did.
One time at a party,I drank too much alcohol and got so sick.I said,“ Call my dad.” Next thing,Dad was carrying me to the car.I woke up the next morning,thinking I would definitely be criticised.As expected,I got a roasting,but I now understand why I needed discipline.
Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films.I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series,but it wasn't until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.Like those early days for Dad,I faced lots of rejections.Working in such a competitive industry,I've sometimes thought,“I can't do this any more.”
Once,after a trip to Hollywood,I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting,listening to Eckhart Tolle's music and trying to find myself again.Dad sat me down and said,“Alice,I know it's hard,but it's all about persistence(坚持不懈).”
Now I get to work with Dad a lot,which I love.We are both passionate about acting,which comes from us being so interested in people.If it weren't for Dad,I wouldn't be where I am today.He's my biggest fan,and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.
理清脉络
真题再做
56.What rules did Alice's father set for her when she was growing up (no more than 15 words)
She should make her bed,do her homework and drink no alcohol.
Or:Making her bed,doing her homework and drinking no alcohol.
57.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean (no more than 5 words)
I got/was criticised/scolded.
58.What did Alice's father do when she felt depressed (no more than 5 words)
He encouraged/comforted/inspired her.
59.According to the last paragraph,what do Alice and her father have in common (no more than 10 words)
They are both passionate about acting and interested in people.
60.What do you think of Alice's father Please explain.(no more than 20 words)
He is a good/devoted/caring/loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.
Or:He is always supportive/a source of strength.Whenever she is in trouble,he is there for her.
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
____________ rejection ____________ Like those early days for Dad,I faced lots of rejections.
2.猜测生僻词词义
We are both passionate about acting,which comes from us being so interested in people.____________
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
discipline ____________ As expected,I got a roasting,but I now understand why I needed discipline.
reject
n.拒绝
狂热的;热诚的
n.纪律;约束
4.仿写经典句型
As expected,I got a roasting,but I now understand why I needed discipline.
仿写:正如所料,他拒绝了这个来自国外大学的录取通知书。
___________________,he rejected the offer from the foreign university.
5.破解复杂句式
If it weren't for Dad,I wouldn't be where I am today.
分析:本句为复合句,if引导的是______________从句,从句用一般过去时,表示与______________情况相反的假设。
译文:
As expected
条件状语
现在
如果不是爸爸(的帮助),我不会取得现在的成就。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
mild
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj. ____________ The coastal area has a very mild winter.
生义 adj. ____________ This cheese has a mild flavour.
温和的
淡的,不浓烈的
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组　基础必练
1.The conference discussed the fair ____________of income and wealth.
A.promotion B.contribution
C.addition D.distribution
2.Having consulted____________my parents,I made up my mind to major in computer.
A.about B.with C.of D.at
3.If you are not totally satisfied,return it at ____________expense and your money will be given back to you.
A.we B.us
C.ourselves D.our
D
B
D
4.Since his mother has been ill for a long time,he is heavily ____________ debt.
A.under B.below
C.among D.in
5.The government was highly praised for its positive response ____________ the hurricane.
A.against B.to
C.with D.at
D
B
6.Daly was a fast-talking Irish-American who had __________as a salesman.
A.left out B.given out
C.started out D.taken out
7.Being out of work and having two children,they found it impossible to make ____________meet.
A.days B.ends C.food D.supplies
8.The question arises ____________whether or not he knew of the situation.
A.as to B.due to C.owing to D.thanks to
9.Compared with the past,today's city has changed greatly.The streets are busy and ____________of skyscrapers are everywhere.
A.line and line B.row upon row
C.layer by layer D.side to side
C
B
A
B
B组　高考链接
10.(2021·全国甲卷改编)We____________our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
A.hired B.bought
C.borrowed D.stole
11.(2021·全国乙卷改编)Provide ____________aid and other benefits for local peoples.
A.political B.financial
C.economic D.historical
A
B
12.(2020·浙江卷改编)To show the versatility (多面性) of the short play,I have included a ____________play,a radio play and a television play.
A.guiding B.guided
C.guidance D.guide
13.(2020·江苏卷改编)The speed of 6G ____________125 GB/s,allowing for a new generation of virtual reality.
A.exceeds B.has exceeded
C.will exceed D.had exceeded
C
C
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.这家玫瑰庄园的女主席是一个有创业精神的残疾年轻女孩。(estate,chairwoman,enterprising)
2.起初,她很难使收支相抵并陷入了债务之中。(make ends meet,go into debt)
3.后来她咨询了很多专家,并在顾问的指导下,她度过了艰难的财务时期。(consult,consultant,guidance,financial,phase)
4.目前,许多制造商自动地上门与她合作。(manufacturer,automatically)
5.随着利润的增加,她公司的员工得到的奖金也越来越多。(bonus)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
The chairwoman of the rose estate is an enterprising disabled young girl.At first,she had difficulty making ends meet and went into debt.Later she consulted many experts and under the guidance of the consultant,she got through the hard financial phase.At present,many manufacturers come to cooperate with her automatically.With more profits made,workers in her company are getting more and more bonuses.(共48张PPT)
选择性必修第四册
Unit 3 The world meets China
英 语
通词句 基础自测
教材单词
[必背写作词汇]
1.____________v.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
2.____________n.高峰,顶点
3.____________n.学者
4.____________n.(大学的)系,部
5.____________n.曲调,旋律
6.____________n.天才,天赋
7.____________n.王国
boast
peak　
scholar　
department　
tune
genius　
kingdom
[识记阅读词汇]
1.gateway n._______________
2.oasis n.___________________
3.grotto n._______________
4.testimony n._______________
5.statue n._______________
6.mural n._______________
7.Apsaras n._______________
8.immortal n._______________
9.heavenly adj._______________
10.scroll n._______________
通向……的门户　
(沙漠中的)绿洲　
小洞穴　
证据;证明　
雕像;塑像　
壁画　
飞天　
神　
天国的
纸卷,卷轴　
11.ceramics n._________________
12.crossroads n._________________
13.expo n._________________
14.institute n._________________
15.Sinologist n._________________
16.temple n._________________
17.shepherd n._________________
18.chamber n._________________
19.romance n._________________
20.stratagem n._________________
陶瓷制品　
活动中心,汇集地　
展览会,博览会　
学院;研究院　
汉学家　
庙宇,寺院
牧羊人　
房间　
传奇故事
计谋,策略
[构织连脉词汇]
1.____________adj.辉煌的→____________n. 辉煌;光荣,荣誉
2.____________adj.宗教的→____________n.宗教;宗教信仰
3.____________v.加强;(使)变强;使强健→____________n.优势;长处;力量→____________adj.强壮的;坚强的
4.____________n.覆盖范围→____________v.包含;遮盖;覆盖;报道
5.____________n.历史学家→____________n.历史
→____________adj.有历史意义的→____________adj.历史性的
→____________adv.历史上地;从历史观点上说
6.____________adj.先前的;较早的→____________n.优先考虑的事
7.____________adj.巨大的,庞大的→____________adv.巨大地,非常地
glorious
glory
religious
religion
strengthen
strength
strong
coverage
cover
historian
history
historic
historical
historically
prior
priority
enormous
enormously
常用短语
1.________________是……的见证
2.________________追溯到;始于
3.________________封闭;密封
4.________________从……逐渐消失
5.________________在……之前,先于……
6.________________遭受,接触;面临着;暴露于
7.________________密切关注;留心照看
8.________________大体上,基本上,总的来看
9.________________引起共鸣;打动心弦
10.________________对……高度评价
be testimony to　
date from　
seal up　
fade from
prior to　
be exposed to　
keep a close eye on　
on the whole　
strike a chord　
think highly of
重点句型
1.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky,with their scarves flying,as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
【尝试翻译】
飞天被描绘成在蔚蓝的天空中飞翔,丝巾飘动,仿佛要飞下来迎接我们。
【考点凝练】with复合结构
2.In a sealed cave,now known as the famous Library Cave,were hidden thousands of manuscripts,paintings and scrolls,as well as silk embroideries.
【尝试翻译】
在一个密封的洞穴中,即现在著名的藏经洞,隐藏了成千上万的手稿、绘画和卷轴,还有丝绸刺绣。
【考点凝练】完全倒装
3.Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands,and they are well-received.
【尝试翻译】
每年都有更多的中国作家的作品在荷兰出版,并且受到好评。
【考点凝练】无灵主语句
提能力 增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.boast v.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物);夸耀,吹嘘　n.夸耀,夸口
【归纳】boast about/of自夸,自吹自擂
boast that...自夸,自吹自擂
【佳句】He was a naturally shy man,who never boasted about his achievements.
他是个天生害羞的人,从不吹嘘自己的成就。
[C]成就
【练会】单项填空
①They ____________that they had never lost a single game.
A.boast B.boasted
C.has boasted D.are boasting
②Some parents enjoy boasting ____________their children's achievements.
A.of B.at C.over D.by
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③他想让这些孩子学会夸耀自己。
He wants these kids to ________________________________________.
B
A
learn to boast about/of themselves
2.strengthen v. (使)变强;加强
【归纳】strength n.力量,力气;长处;优势;强度
with all one's strength用尽全身的力气
build up one's strength增强体力
strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点
the strength of...is that...……的优点是……
at full strength全部到场,以全员
【佳句】We will struggle on,drawing our strength from the courage of others.
我们应该从其他人的勇气中汲取力量,继续奋斗。
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·天津卷改编)Making a full-length clay(黏土)figure would not exhaust my____________— and that is what I intend to do!
A.force B.option
C.time D.strength
②Recognize all of your____________.Write them down in a journal to build up your confidence.
A.weaknesses B.strengths
C.faults D.hobbies
D
B
③Through my introduction and efforts,I believe I can____________the friendship between China and England.
A.connect B.form
C.strengthen D.report
④The team will be back ____________full strength for the next match.
A.with B.at
C.under D.against
【写美】完成句子·背诵
⑤愤怒之下,他使出全身力气拉了拉铁丝网。
Angry,he pulled the wire fence ___________________________________.
C
B
with all his strength
3.coverage n.覆盖范围;新闻报道;保险(范围)
【归纳】cover v.包含,涉及;覆盖,遮盖;行走(一段路程);报道;足以支付 n.封面(底)
cover...with...用……盖住……
be covered with被……覆盖着(强调状态)
be covered by被……覆盖(强调动作)
cover an area of占地面积为……
【佳句】Everything was covered with a thick layer of dust.
所有的东西都覆盖着一层厚厚的灰尘。
【练会】单项填空
①(2021·北京卷改编)UNESCO will provide limited insurance ____________ up to USD 30,000 for the internship period.
A.coverage B.cover
C.discovery D.uncovery
②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Her husband worked two jobs ____________the bills,and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
A.covering B.covered
C.to cover D.cover
A
C
③(2019·北京卷改编)Since he first started volunteering his car to the young people,Wilson ____________an astonishing 64,000 miles.
A.covered B.has covered
C.had covered D.was covered
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④他的脸上布满了皱纹。
His face _____________________________________________.
B
was covered with wrinkles
4.tune n.曲调,旋律 v.为(乐器)调音;调节
【归纳】(1)in/out of tune合调/走调
be in/out of tune with与……协调(一致)/不协调(不一致)
(2)tune in (to sth)收听(广播);收看(电视)
tune sth to sth调整某物使适合某物
tune out 不理睬,思想开小差
【练会】单项填空
①These proposals are perfectly____________tune with our own thoughts on the subject.
A.at B.to C.in D.above
②The arrogant scholar is ____________of tune with public opinion.
A.away B.out C.off D.down
③His speech was tuned____________what the audience wanted to hear.
A.for B.at C.by D.to
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④当她开始谈她的工作的时候,他走神了。
When she started talking about her job,he just _____________________.
C
B
D
tuned out
5.date from追溯到;始于
【归纳】date from=date back to追溯到
out of date过时的
up to date (with...)赶上(……的)潮流;与……保持同步
【点津】 go/date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。
【练会】单项填空
①Written records show that acupuncture (针刺疗法)____________back to the Song Dynasty.
A.dates B.is dating C.was dated D.is dated
②The museum now houses more than 10,000 antiques ____________from the Tang Dynasty.
A.dating B.dated C.to date D.will date
【写美】句式升级·背诵
③This is an early church.It dates from the ninth century.
→This is an early church ________________________.(动词-ing形式作定语)
A
A
dating from the ninth century
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.prior
①They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of a prior engagement.　
__________________
②Mothers with young children have a prior claim on funds.______________
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.The reports are testimony____________the many hours of research completed by this committee.
A.with B.to C.at D.of
3.It is important to enrich the soil prior____________planting.
A.by B.in C.under D.to
adj.先前的,较早的
adj.重要的,优先的
B
D
◎重点句型透视
无灵主语句
【教材原句】
Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands,and they are well-received.
每年都有更多的中国作家的作品在荷兰出版,并且受到好评。
【归纳】无灵主语句即用非生命的名词作主语的句子,可分为以下几类:
(1)以表示时间、地点的名词作主语,常用witness、see、find等动词作谓语。
(2)以表示情感/心理活动的名词作主语,常用desert、kill、prevent from、strike、occur to、come over、permit等作谓语。
(3)以表示动作的名词作主语,主要有sight、thought、glance、walk等。
【练会】单项填空
①Dusk ____________the child crying in the street.
A.is found B.was found C.found D.find
②When he had to speak,his confidence suddenly ____________him.
A.deserted B.be deserted C.to desert D.deserting
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③我想不起他的名字了。
His name _________________________________.
④想到很快就要见到儿子,她的心里充满了巨大的幸福。
________________________________________filled her heart with great happiness.
C
A
escaped/failed me/slipped my mind
The thought of seeing her son very soon
研真题 链接高考
(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B改编)——历史、社会与文化
For Western designers,China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration for designers,”says Amanda Hill,chief creative officer at A+E Networks,a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.
Earlier this year,the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art,with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.The exhibition had record attendance,showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill.“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world,which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.”Of course,not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.“Chinese designers are taking on Galliano,Albaz,Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales,”adds Hill.
For Hill,it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.“The most famous designers are Chinese,so are the models,and so are the consumers,”she says.“China is no longer just another market;in many senses it has become the market.If you talk about fashion today,you are talking about China—its influences,its direction,its breathtaking clothes,and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
理清脉络
真题再做
24.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York
A.It promoted the sales of artworks.
B.It attracted a large number of visitors.
C.It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D.It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
B
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“The exhibition had record attendance,showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.”可知,这次展览出席的人数创了纪录,由此表明它吸引了很多游客。故选B项。
25.What does Hill say about Chinese women
A.They are setting the fashion.
B.They start many fashion campaigns.
C.They admire super models.
D.They do business all over the world.
A
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中Hill说的话“...which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.”可知,A项正确。
26.What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Learning from.　　
B.Looking down on.
C.Working with.
D.Competing against.
D
解析:词义猜测题。画线短语的前面提到“当代一些最优秀的时装设计师本身就是中国人”,再结合下文的“beating them hands down in design and sales”可知,该短语的意思应是“与……竞争”。故选D项。
27.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C.Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D.Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
D
解析:标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第三段和最后一段的最后一句可知,本文主要讲述了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响,展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。故D项“中国文化推动国际时尚潮流”最适合作为本文的标题。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
____________ inspiration ____________ For Western designers,China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
____________ creative ____________ “It's no secret that China has always been a source of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill,chief creative officer at A+E Networks,a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion shows.
inspire
n.灵感
create
adj.创造性的
2.猜测生僻词词义
Of course,not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.____________
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
fuel ____________ Earlier this year,the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art,with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.
当代的,现代的
v.刺激,加强
4.仿写经典句型
“The most famous designers are Chinese,so are the models,and so are the consumers,” she says.
仿写:我们喜欢拥有很多朋友,那些身有残疾的人也是如此。
We love having lots of friends,_____________________________.
so do those with disabilities
5.破解复杂句式
Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world,which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.
分析:本句的主干是Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns。that引导的限制性定语从句修饰先行词____________,that在从句中作____________语;which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面的句子 ___________________________________________________________________________________________,which在定语从句中作____________语;动词means后面是一个省略了that的___________从句。
译文:
campaigns
主
Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world
主
宾语
中国模特是美与时尚运动的代言人,时尚运动向全世界的女性推销梦想,这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.boast
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v._________________________ The hotel also boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.
生义 v.____________ She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are.
2.Crossroads
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n. ____________ A truck bumped into my car at a crossroads.
生义 n. ____________ The development of China is at the crossroads.
(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
自夸
十字路口
重大的抉择关头
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组　基础必练
1.Although not formally trained as an art 　　　,he is widely respected for his knowledge of the period.
A.historian B.buyer
C.admirer D.seller
2.We had a ____________time in the south of France last summer.
A.common B.mean
C.glorious D.yearly
3.The weather data has a wide____________and is updated eight times a day.
A.coverage B.area
C.variety D.cover
A
C
A
4.The price of wine varies____________depending on where it comes from.
A.formally B.enormously
C.hardly D.slightly
5.　　　 the whole,we are satisfied with the relationship that we have with this supplier.
A.As B.On
C.At D.To
6.The oldest embroidered product in China on record ____________the Shang Dynasty.
A.dates back B.is dated back to
C.dates from D.is dating from
B
B
C
7.We ____________a number of chemicals every day in our air,water and food.
A.expose to B.are exposed to
C.are exposing to D.expose
8.We’ve asked the neighbors to keep an eye 　　　the house for us while we are away.
A.with B.at
C.to D.on
9.We tried in vain to____________the drowned swimmer to life.
A.take B.break
C.bring D.give
B
D
C
10.There are a lot of innovations in corporate institutions,which are ____________of by many people.
A.thinking highly B.thought highly
C.thinking high D.thought high
B
B组　高考链接
11.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred ____________at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills,waterways and peaceful temples.
A.peaks B.characters
C.clouds D.pines
12.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷改编)____________about yourself and your best qualities is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.
A.To boast B.Boasting
C.Boasted D.Boasts
A
B
13.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷改编)First,you need to evaluate yourself,your values,your ____________,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.Only then should you set your goals.
A.habits B.conditions
C.strengths D.departure
14.(2019·江苏卷改编)Nowadays the ____________for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A.priority B.potential
C.proportion D.pension
C
A
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.下周六上午8点将举行茶文化展览,这次展览拥有丰富多彩的活动。(boast)
2.你可以欣赏到种类繁多的茶具,它们见证了茶的辉煌历史和文化。(testimony,glorious)
3.如果你有时间,请在开幕前到达市图书馆入口大厅。(prior to)
4.我相信这次展览可以加强人们对茶文化的了解。(strengthen)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
A tea culture exhibition boasting colorful activities will be held at 8:00 am next Saturday.You can appreciate a wide variety of tea sets,which are testimony to the glorious history and culture of tea.If you are available,please arrive at the entrance hall of the city library prior to the opening ceremony.I believe the exhibition can strengthen the understanding about the tea culture.(共49张PPT)
选择性必修第四册
Unit 2 Lessons in life
英 语
通词句 基础自测
教材单词
[必背写作词汇]
1.____________adj.广泛流传的
2.____________n.成语,习语;警句
3.____________n.工作酬金,服务费
4.____________n.绝望
5.____________n.奢华,奢侈
widespread　
phrase　
fee　
despair　
luxury
[识记阅读词汇]
1.outstretched adj.____________
2.cram v.____________
3.transparent adj.____________
4.vexed adj.____________
5.absurd adj.____________
6.lean v.____________
7.Madame n.____________
8.stroke v.____________
张开的,伸开的
挤满
透明的
恼火的
荒唐的,愚蠢的
倚,靠
夫人,太太,女士
轻抚,抚摸
[构织连脉词汇]
1.___________v.(使)虚弱→___________adj.虚弱的→___________n.弱点
2.____________adj.悲观的,悲观主义的→____________n.悲观主义者→____________n.悲观;悲观主义
3.____________v.预期,预料→____________n.预料,预期
4.____________n.财产,财物→____________vt.拥有;具有;支配
5.____________adj.不正常的,反常的→____________adj.正常的
6.____________n.承认,认可→____________vt.认出;识别;承认;认可
7.____________v.合作,协作→____________n.合作;协作→____________adj.合作的
8.____________adj.纯净的,洁净的→____________n.纯净,纯洁
9.____________adv.本能地→____________adj.本能的
weaken
weak
weakness
pessimistic
pessimist
pessimism
anticipate
anticipation
possession
possess
abnormal
normal
recognition
recognize
cooperate
cooperation
cooperative
pure
purity
instinctively
instinctive
常用短语
1._________________意外惊喜
2._________________观点,态度,看法
3._________________因……而分心
4._________________和……失去联系
5._________________充分享受生活
6._________________冲进,匆忙进入
7._________________突然笑起来
8._________________塞满
9._________________不比……更……,和……一样不……
10._________________与……重聚
11._________________简明恰当,简洁中肯
a pleasant surprise　
point of view　
get distracted by　
lose touch with　
live life to the full　
rush into
burst out laughing　
be crammed with　
no more...than　
be reunited with　
to the point
重点句型
1.On discovering that Morrie is being weakened by a severe illness,Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays.
【尝试翻译】
一发现莫里因一场严重的疾病变得虚弱后,米奇就开始每周二去他家看望他。
【考点凝练】“on+动词-ing形式”表示“一……就……”
2.Despite its widespread recognition,my first impression was that Tuesdays with Morrie is just made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages,many of which are repeated.
【尝试翻译】
尽管《相约星期二》这本书得到了广泛的认可,但是我的第一印象是,它只是传达了过于感性的思想和信息,其中有很多是重复的。
【考点凝练】“代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
3.If any of you should find him,would you be so very kind as to give him back to us
【尝试翻译】
如果你们中有人能找到他,你能不能把他还给我们
【考点凝练】so...as to 作结果状语
提能力 增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.pessimistic adj.悲观的,悲观主义的
【归纳】(1)be pessimistic about sth对某事持悲观态度
(2)pessimism n.悲观,悲观情绪,悲观主义
pessimism about/over sth 对某物的悲观情绪
【佳句】Not everyone is so pessimistic about the future.
并非每个人都对未来如此悲观。
【练会】单项填空
①There was a mood of pessimism ____________the economy at that time.
A.with B.in C.at D.over
②He is quite optimistic while his wife is always buried in ____________.
A.optimism B.happiness
C.pessimism D.kindness
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
③The doctors are not hopeful about his chances of recovery.
→The doctors ____________________________his chances of recovery.
D
C
are pessimistic about
2.anticipate v.预期,预料;期盼,期望
【归纳】(1)anticipate doing sth预料做某事;期盼做某事
anticipate that...预料……
It is anticipated that...据预测……
(2)anticipation n. 预料,预期;期盼,期望
in anticipation of期待着……;预计到……
【佳句】The holiday cost a lot more than we had anticipated.
这次度假的花费比我们预料的多得多。
【练会】单项填空
①We ____________that we would meet a certain amount of resistance to our plan.
A.will anticipate B.anticipates
C.anticipated D.has anticipated
②I didn't anticipate ____________to do the cooking myself.
A.to have B.having C.had D.to having
③He bought extra food in ____________of more people coming than he'd invited.
A.exception B.anticipation C.wish D.assessment
④It is anticipated____________next year interest rates will fall.
A.that B.what C.which D.how
C
B
B
A
【写美】完成句子·背诵
⑤为了给听众带来惊喜,你的演讲要比预想的简短。
To surprise your audience,you should _______________________________
__________________. (应用文写作之建议信)
make your speech just a bit shorter
than anticipated
3.possession n. 财产,财物;拥有;持有;占有
【归纳】(1)in possession of 拥有……
in the possession of(某物)为……所有
take possession of拥有……;占有……
(2)possess v.有,拥有;支配,控制
be possessed of具有(某种品质或特征)
【点津】 (1)possess不用于进行时。
(2)in possession of的主语通常是人,意为“拥有……,占有……”;in the possession of的主语通常是物,意为“被……占有;为……所有”。有类似用法的短语还有:in charge of负责;in the charge of由……负责。
【练会】单项填空
①These books are still among my most treasured ____________.
A.values B.goods
C.possessions D.furniture
②(2020·全国Ⅰ卷改编)All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in____________of a valid ticket before boarding.
A.honor B.possession
C.charge D.control
③His experience taught me that he not only ____________a great dream,but also took action to make it come true.
A.possesses B.possessed
C.has possessed D.will possess
C
B
B
【写美】词汇升级·背诵
④We can't possess the house until all the papers have been signed.
→We can't __________________________the house until all the papers have been signed.
→We can't be __________________________the house until all the papers have been signed.
→The house can't be __________________________ us until all the papers have been signed.
take possession of
in possession of
in the possession of
4.recognition n.承认,认可,认出,辨别出
【归纳】(1)beyond (all) recognition认不出来
(2)recognize v.认出,识别出;承认
be recognized to be/as...被认为是……
It is recognized that...人们承认……
recognize...by/from...通过……认出……
【佳句】The Great Wall is recognized as a great wonder created by the ancient Chinese people,attracting millions of tourists from all over the world each year.
长城被认为是中国古代人民创造的伟大奇迹,每年吸引着数百万来自世界各地的游客。
n. 奇迹
【练会】单项填空
①Cell phones which are recognized____________a must,have a great effect on us.
A.as B.in
C.to D.by
②My hometown has changed ____________recognition since I left when I was three years old.
A.within B.without
C.beyond D.above
③We recognize him ____________a hard-working but pessimistic person.
A.to be B.being C.was D.is
A
C
A
【写美】一句多译·背诵
④他被公认为中国医学领域最伟大的科学家之一。
→He _______________________________one of the most greatest scientists in the field of medicine in China.
→ He _______________________________one of the most greatest scientists in the field of medicine in China.
→ _______________________________ he is one of the most greatest scientists in the field of medicine in China.
is recognized as
is recognized to be
It is recognized that
5.cooperate v.合作,协作
【归纳】(1)cooperate with sb in/on sth在……方面与某人合作
(2)cooperation n.合作
in cooperation with和……合作
(3)cooperative adj.合作的,协作的
【佳句】While in the past we stressed aid,now we stress economic cooperation.
我们过去侧重提供援助,而现在强调经济合作。
【练会】单项填空
①The workers are very ____________,so the work goes on smoothly.
A.mixed B.consistent
C.private D.cooperative
②They discussed how to promote ____________between two countries.
A.distinction B.access
C.cooperation D.division
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③当与他人合作时,我们应该学会容忍他人的缺点,努力发现他人的优点。
When ________________________,we should learn to put up with their shortcomings and try to discover their strengths.
D
C
cooperating with others
6.despair n.绝望　v.绝望,失去希望
【归纳】(1)be the despair of sb令某人担心(或绝望)
to one's despair令某人绝望的是
in despair 绝望地
(2)despair of sb/sth 对某人/某事绝望,对某人/某物失去希望
despair of doing sth 对做某事不抱希望
【佳句】He's the despair of his parents because he shows no interest in getting a job.
他对找工作没有任何兴趣,让他的父母感到非常担心。
【练会】单项填空
①He gave up the struggle ____________despair.
A.over B.in C.for D.at
②____________her teacher's despair,Nicole never did the work that she was expected to do.
A.Under B.To C.In D.With
③He can’t keep a job for more than six months; I despair　　　 him.
A.for B.over C.but D.of
B
B
D
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④当我们意识到我们完全迷路时,一种绝望的感觉袭上我们的心头。
____________________________________as we realized that we were completely lost.
A feeling of despair descended on us
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.phrase
①The phrase “a not unfamiliar situation” is an example of a double negative.　
____________
②“Practice makes perfect” is the phrase I like most.____________
③I agree with what he says,but I'd phrase it differently.____________
n.短语
n.习语,成语
v. 表达,措辞
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.I managed to cram ____________a few mouthfuls of food.
A.into B.for
C.down D.over
3.A shovel was leaning____________the wall.
A.onto B.against
C.at D.above
C
B
◎重点句型透视
so...as to 作结果状语,意为“如此……以至于……”
【教材原句】
If any of you should find him,would you be so very kind as to give him back to us
如果你们中有人能找到他,你能不能把他还给我们
【归纳】动词不定式作结果状语的常用结构:
(1)too...to do...太……而不能……
(2)so/such...as to do...如此……以至于……
(3)...enough to do足够……做某事
(4)never to do sth再也不做某事
【练会】单项填空
①They are too young ____________what is going on.
A.to understand B.understanding
C.understood D.to understanding
②You are old enough ____________on the train by yourself.
A.travelling B.travelled
C.to travel D.to be travelling
A
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③她的故事如此悲惨,以至于引起了我们的同情。
Her story ___________________________________________________.
was so miserable as to arouse our sympathy
研真题 链接高考
(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B)——优秀品行
“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on... At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright.Yes,I'll do it.”
I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense,I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies
理清脉络
真题再做
24.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1
A.She knows little about the club.
B.She isn't good at sports.
C.She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D.She's unable to meet her schedule.
C
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“You can use me as a last resort,and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”可知,这位家长让作者最后再考虑她,如果没有其他人当志愿者,她才会做。由此可知,她不想做志愿者工作。
25.What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Encourage teamwork.
B.Appeal to feelings.
C.Promote good deeds.
D.Provide advice.
B
解析:词义猜测题。开头提到这位家长不愿当志愿者,再根据第二段的“She may just need a little persuading.”以及下文作者提到的两个例子可知,作者是想让她内心有所触动。对比四个选项可知,B项正确。
26.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3
A.She gets interested in lacrosse.
B.She is proud of her kids.
C.She'll work for another season.
D.She becomes a good helper.
D
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.”可知,这位家长安排就餐时间表、发送电子邮件,并且为季末礼品筹款。这些都可以表明她是一位好帮手。故选D项。
27.Why does the author like doing volunteer work
A.It gives her a sense of duty.
B.It makes her very happy.
C.It enables her to work hard.
D.It brings her material rewards.
B
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Connecting to the community as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.”可知,志愿者工作给她带来了快乐。故选B项。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
____________ anxiety ____________ I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.
____________ invaluable ____________ Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.
2.猜测生僻词词义
The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.____________
anxious
n.焦虑
value
adj.极宝贵的
摆脱困境
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
coach ________________ I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on...
couple ________________ That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more...
4.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.
仿写:墙是绿色的,而天花板是白色的。
vt.训练,培训,指导
v.连接;结合
The walls are green,while the ceiling is white.
5.破解复杂句式
That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.
分析:of后面是一个why引导的____________从句。冒号后的句子用来解释a deep understanding,其中动词-ing形式短语Connecting to the community是句子的主语,as引导____________从句。
译文:
宾语
状语
和这种宽慰结合起来的是一种对为什么同样的人们会一直回来做更多的事情的深入理解:当你慷慨地付出你的时间、金钱、技术或服务时,和社区的联系会提供一种真正的快乐。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.stroke
项目 意义 例句
熟义 n.____________ She suffered a stroke that left her unable to speak.
生义 n.____________ Each Chinese character is composed of a number of strokes.
2.Cram
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v.____________ Eight children were crammed into the back of the car.
生义 v.____________ He's been cramming for his exams all week.
中风
笔画
塞进,挤满
死记硬背
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组　基础必练
1.She believes that scientists need to collect and preserve as many microbes as possible ____________anticipation of future breakthroughs.
A.by B.for C.in D.with
2.____________despair,the theatre director searched everywhere for a new lead actor.
A.With B.At C.On D.In
3.As he walked into the classroom with that funny hat,everyone __________.
A.burst out laughter B.burst out laughing
C.burst into laughing D.burst into laughs
C
D
B
4.Those separated from relatives will later be____________with their families.
A.reunited B.related
C.returned D.organized
5.Do write me as often as you can.I don't want to ____________you.
A.keep in touch with
B.get in touch with
C.lose touch with
D.break in touch with
6.The impression he made on me was that he was no more ____________a reserved young man.
A.as B.than C.like D.to
A
C
B
7.In this lecture,I can only give you a purely personal view on how we can live life ____________the full.
A.in B.with C.to D.at
8.It's easy to get ____________by the little things that life throws your way.
A.absorbed B.distracted
C.interested D.crazy
9.Make sure that your speech is brief and to the ____________,so that the audience will not get bored.
A.view B.idea C.issue D.point
C
B
D
B组　高考链接
10.(2021·浙江1月卷改编)BMI is an internationally ____________measurement tool that gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
A.realized B.informed C.praised D.recognized
11.(2019·天津卷改编)Right after Erin took ____________of my wallet on the bus,she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum(论坛),trying to see if anyone knew me.
A.control B.charge C.place D.possession
12.(2019·北京卷改编)A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may____________that gradually.
A.widen B.deepen C.weaken D.fasten
D
D
C
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.作为一个被收养的孩子,我们的经理过去是个悲观的男孩。(pessimistic)
2.每次要交学费时,他只能绝望地看着贫穷的养父母。(fee,despair)
3.但是养父母对他纯洁的爱未曾减弱。(pure,weaken)
4.大学毕业后,他和朋友合作创办了这家公司。(cooperate)
5.他们的产品很快得到了广泛的认可。(widespread,recognition)
6.现在,他不仅成功了,还与自己的父母团聚了。(be reunited with)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
As an adopted child,our manager used to be a pessimistic boy.Every time he needed to pay for the tuition fee,he could only look at his poor foster parents in despair.But the pure love from his foster parents was never weakened.After graduating from university,he cooperated with his friend and set up this company.Their products soon got widespread recognition.At present,he not only is a success but also is reunited with his own parents.(共60张PPT)
选择性必修第四册
Unit 1 Looking forwards
英 语
通词句 基础自测
教材单词
[必背写作词汇]
1.____________adj.复杂的
2.____________n.(电视或电台的)商业广告
3.____________n.可供选择的事物
4.____________v.(由……)引起
5.____________n.情况,情形
6.____________adv.由衷地,真诚地,真心实意地
complex　
commercial
alternative　
arise
circumstance　
sincerely
[识记阅读词汇]
1.boyhood n.__________________________
2.trainee n. __________________________
3.bullfighting n._____________________
4.detective n._____________________
5.dot n._____________________
6.backwards adv._____________________
7.diverge v._____________________
8.undergrowth n._____________________________________
9.numerous adj._____________________
10.thoughtful adj._____________________
11.dilemma n._____________________
12.refreshments n._____________________
13.shift n._________________________________
(男性的)童年时期,少年时代
接受工作培训的人;实习生
斗牛
私家侦探
点,小圆点
往回,往前面
(两条路)岔开,分开
(长在大树下或周边的)下木层,下层灌木丛
许多的,很多的
认真思考的,深思的
进退两难的境地,困境
茶点,点心和饮料
(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
[构织连脉词汇]
1.____________n.追求,理想→____________adj.有雄心的;有野心的
2.____________n.通讯员,记者→____________v.通信;符合,相一致
3.____________adj.(有关)历史的→ ____________adj.具有历史意义的
→____________n.历史
4.____________adv.最后,最终→____________adj.最终的
5.____________n.允许进入(加入);录取;入场费
→____________v.容许;承认;接纳;允许……进入
6.____________n.参加,参与→____________v.参与;参加
→____________n.参与者;参加者
ambition
ambitious
correspondent
correspond
historical
historic
history
ultimately
ultimate
admission
admit
participation
participate
participant
7.____________v.象征,代表→____________n.象征主义
→____________n.象征
8.____________n.混合;混合体;混合物→____________v.混合;调配
9.____________n.喜爱,钟爱→____________v.感动;影响
10.____________adj.合格的,胜任的;有资格的
→____________v.使合格;使具备资格→____________n.资格;资历
11.____________n.熟练,流利→____________adj.流利的;流畅的→____________adv.流利地;流畅地
symbolize
symbolism
symbol
mixture
mix
affection
affect
qualified
qualify
qualification
fluency
fluent
fluently
常用短语
1.__________________面对
2.__________________为某人所经历,降临到某人头上
3.__________________被迫做某事
4.___________________________模仿某人
5.__________________对……深刻理解
6.__________________按天算
7.__________________产生于,起因于
8.__________________关小(音量),拒绝
9.__________________采取行动
10.__________________作出决定,拿定主意
in the face of　
come one's way　
be forced to do sth　
take a leaf out of/from sb's book
insight into　
on a daily basis　
arise from　
turn down　
take action
make up one's mind　
11._________________放过,放弃,错过(机会)
12._________________(对原先的决定)犹豫,产生怀疑
13._________________推迟,使……延期
14._________________坚决拒绝……;彻底否决……
15._________________仔细考虑,权衡
pass up　
have second thoughts　
put off　
reject...out of hand　
weigh up
重点句型
1.Having set himself this goal,he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War,the Spanish Civil War,bullfighting and deep-sea fishing,amongst others.
【尝试翻译】
在为自己设立了这个目标后,他就根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛和深海捕鱼等方面的个人经历写了许多小说和短篇故事。
【考点凝练】动词-ing形式的完成式作状语
2.Interestingly,Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London.
【尝试翻译】
有趣的是,道尔在伦敦行医期间,在等待病人就医的时候,写下了一些他早期的福尔摩斯小说。
【考点凝练】while引导的时间状语从句
3.Whether big or small,what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.
【尝试翻译】
无论大小,我们所有的选择的共同点是它们会导致特定的结果。
【考点凝练】whether...or...不管……还是……
提能力 增分课堂
◎核心词汇突破
1.participation n.参加,参与
【归纳】(1)participate v.参与,参加
participate in参加
(2)participant n.参加者
【佳句】College students should actively participate in social practice,which will enable them to acquire more knowledge and skills.
大学生应积极参加社会实践,这会使他们获得更多知识和技能。
【练会】单项填空
①All who ____________ have gained a positive outcome from getting involved.
A.participate B.participated
C.participates D.will participate
②The agreement encourages workers' ____________ in management decisions.
A.participate B.participated
C.participation D.participates
B
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③了解到你非常喜欢汉语,我正写信邀请你参加外国留学生汉语演讲比赛。
Learning that you have a great affection for the Chinese language,I'm writing ____________________________________ the Chinese Speech Contest for foreign students.(应用文写作之邀请信)
to invite you to participate in
2.alternative n.可供选择的事物　adj.可供替代的;非传统的
【归纳】an alternative to……的替代物(to是介词)
there is no alternative别无选择
have no alternative/choice/option but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事
【练会】单项填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative____________gasoline.
A.of B.to C.for D.as
B
【写美】一句多译·背诵
②为了取得更大的进步,我们不得不充分利用好业余时间。
→In order to make greater progress,we _______________________________
spare time. (alternative)
→In order to make greater progress,we _______________________________
spare time.(choice)
have no alternative but to make full use of
have no choice but to make full use of
3.arise v.(由……)引起;出现;发生,产生
【归纳】arise from/arise out of 由……引起;因……产生
arise from one's seat从座位上站起来
【辨析】arise(arose,arisen) vi.出现;发生;(由……)引起
rise(rose,risen) vi.上升,升起;增长
raise(raised,raised) vt.提高;举起;提出;筹集;饲养
【练会】单项填空
①Numerous high buildings have ____________where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A.risen B.arisen
C.raised D.aroused
②More TV programs will be produced ____________people's concern over food safety.
A.raising B.to raise
C.raised D.having raised
③Emotional or mental problems can arise ____________a physical cause.
A.to B.with
C.from D.under
B
B
C
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④最终,他意识到他的大部分错误都源于考试时的紧张。
Ultimately,he recognized that most of his mistakes ______________________ in the exam.
arose from his nervousness
4.circumstance n.情况,情形
【归纳】in/under no circumstances决不
in/under the circumstances在这种情况下
in any circumstance在任何情况下
【点津】 in/under no circumstances这种表示否定意义的短语用于句首时,句子用部分倒装语序。
【练会】单项填空
①Anyone who wants to be successful mustn't give up ____________any circumstance,and should always be full of confidence.
A.without B.on
C.in D.at
②I planned to leave the next day but ____________the circumstances I decided to stay another night.
A.with B.below
C.over D.under
C
D
【写美】完成句子·背诵
③当我决定接受这份工作时,我完全没有预料到会出现这么多问题。
Under no circumstances ________________________so many problems would arise when I decided to take the job.
did I expect that
5.affection n.喜爱,钟爱
【归纳】(1)have a great affection for非常喜爱
show sb affection 向某人表示喜爱
with affection 深情地
(2)affect v.影响;深深打动;(疾病)侵袭
be affected by受……的影响;被……感动
be affected with感染……疾病
【练会】单项填空
①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷改编)But like anyone for whom you feel ____________, customers can also drive you mad.
A.effect B.affection
C.relaxation D.admission
②Farmers and market gardeners have been badly ____________by the drought.
A.affected B.effected
C.infected D.injected
③With the main crop,potatoes,affected ____________disease in the 1840s,about 750,000 people died of hunger.
A.to B.with C.in D.on
B
A
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④我对我度过童年的城市有着深厚的感情。
I ____________________________________the city where I spent my childhood.
have a deep affection for
6.take action 采取行动
【归纳】take effect生效,开始实施;开始起作用,见效
take steps/measures采取措施
take risks冒风险
take a chance碰碰运气
take aim (at) 瞄准
take advantage (of) 利用
【佳句】With the rising of vehicles and the worsening of urban traffic conditions,it's high time that we took action to deal with traffic problems.
随着车辆的增多,城市交通状况日渐恶化,该是我们采取行动来解决交通问题的时候了。
【练会】单项填空
①If the government didn't ____________to protect the polar bears,they would be in danger of dying out in the near future.
A.take effect B.take measures
C.take aims D.take advantage
②He finally chose to take a(n)____________instead of playing it safe.
A.fortune B.chance
C.pleasure D.opportunity
③You have no right to ____________with other people's lives.
A.take action B.take risks
C.take notes D.take effect
B
B
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④他的目标是学好中文,他充分利用每一分钟努力学习。
He aims to learn Chinese well,and he _______________________________ to study hard.(写作话题之语言学习)
takes full advantage of every minute
7.weigh up 仔细考虑,权衡
【归纳】(1)weigh your words推敲,斟酌字句
(2)pull one's weight 做好自己分内的事
by weight按重量
put on/gain weight体重增加,变胖
lose weight体重减轻,变瘦
watch one's weight控制体重
【练会】单项填空
①I weighed____________the benefits of the plan against the risks involved,and made the final decision.
A.with B.between
C.up D.at
②Parcel post is charged____________weight and mileage,without reference to contents.
A.by B.of
C.for D.to
③Eating too much meat will make you put____________weight.
A.up B.on
C.out D.off
C
A
B
【写美】完成句子·背诵
④教练说所有队员都必须做好自己分内的事,不要依靠其他人。
The coach said ____________________________________and not depend on others.
all the players must pull their weight
★补遗缺 微点练全
Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
1.admission
①I felt he would see my giving up as an admission that I was wrong.　
____________
② Admission to the exhibition will be by invitation only.____________
③The show will be open to the public at 2 pm; admission will be 5 dollars.　
____________
n.承认
n.准许进入
n.入场费
Ⅱ.单项填空
2.The president is clearly____________a dilemma about/over how to tackle the crisis.
A.on B.between
C.in D.at
3.Visitors were amazed at the students' conversational fluency____________ English.
A.in B.of C.at D.with
C
A
◎重点句型透视
动词-ing形式的完成式作状语
【教材原句】
Having set himself this goal,he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War,the Spanish Civil War,bullfighting and deep-sea fishing,amongst others.
在为自己设立了这个目标后,他就根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛和深海捕鱼等方面的个人经历写了许多小说和短篇故事。
【归纳】(1)动词-ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等,相当于一个状语从句。
(2)动词-ing形式的完成式在句中作状语,表明动作发生在谓语动词之前。动词-ing形式的主动语态作状语时,与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系。
(3)一般情况下,动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,如果作状语的动词-ing形式的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致,动词-ing形式就要带上自己的逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构。
【练会】单项填空
①The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,____________ more patients to be treated.
A.to allow B.allows C.allowing D.allowed
②____________most of his belongings,he almost had nothing left in the house.
A.To sell B.Sold C.Selling D.Having sold
③____________you have just won first place in the Robotics Competition,I would like to invite you to join us.
A.Knowing B.To know C.Knew D.Known
C
D
A
【写美】句式升级·背诵
④Little Tom wept after the ceremony because he hadn't been given the gift.
→ ____________________________________,little Tom wept after the ceremony.
⑤He now occupies himself with the welfare of the disabled after retiring from business.
→ ____________________________________,he now occupies himself with the welfare of the disabled.
Having not been given the gift
Having retired from business
研真题 链接高考
(2020·江苏卷,完形填空)——个人成就
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 　36　 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 　37　 in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931,he had no 　38　 of knowing that his life was to change 　39　.The class experiment that day was to 　40　 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface.　41　,the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 　42　 held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water.When Wilson heated it,the container 　43　,leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later,his parents 　44　 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 　45　 their lives.But Wilson did not regard the accident as 　46　.He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind.There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 　47　 public speaker.
Later,he worked in Africa,where many people suffered from 　48　 for lack of proper treatment.For him,it was one thing to 　49　 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 　50　 it could be fixed so easily.This moved him to action.And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 　51　 Wilson made to preventing the 　52　.
Wilson received several international 　53　 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 　54　.He proved that it's not what happens to us that 　55　 our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
理清脉络
真题再做
36.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects
37.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps
38.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure
39.A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely
40.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare
41.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus
42.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily
43.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed
44.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed
45.A.submitted to B.catered for C.impressed on D.happened to
46.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic
47.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent
48.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness
49.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept
50.A.until B.when C.unless D.before
51.A.opposition B.adjustments C.commitment D.limitations
52.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential
53.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses
54.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision
55.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits
答案与解析
36.A　解析:根据上文并结合句意可知,成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和生活中发生的事情的看法。
37.C　解析:根据下文的故事可知,对生活中发生的事情的看法也是决定一个人是否成功的一个因素。
38.A　解析:根据下文内容可知,12岁的Wilson当时没有办法知道接下来发生的事情。
39.D　解析:根据下文内容可知,因为那次实验,Wilson的人生完全改变了。
40.B　解析:根据常识并结合句意可知,这个课堂实验是要展示加热一个盛着水的容器是如何使表面产生气泡的。
41.C　解析:根据语境可知,不知怎么的,老师让Wilson加热的这个容器里误装了某种比水更容易挥发的物质。
42.A　解析:根据常理,容器里装的不是水,而是别的物质,那一定是出现了错误。
43.B　解析:根据常识并结合上下文内容可知,当Wilson加热容器时,容器爆炸了,这导致Wilson双目失明。
44.B　解析:根据上下文内容可知,Wilson出院回家后,他的父母试图找到办法解决他们一家遇到的这个大灾难。
45.D　解析:根据上文内容可知,Wilson双目失明是发生在这家人身上的大灾难。
46.D　解析:根据句首的But可知,Wilson并没有把这个意外事故当成重大灾难。
47.A　解析:根据语境可知,在盲人大学里,Wilson不但是一个优秀的学生,而且成了一位有成就的演说家。
48.C　解析:根据下文内容可知,Wilson在非洲工作期间了解到,由于缺乏适当的治疗,很多人眼睛失明。
49.D　解析:根据上下文内容可知,对于Wilson来说,接受自己失明的命运是一回事,让这种事情继续下去是另一回事。
50.B　解析:根据句意可知,在可以很容易治疗的时候,让失明的情况继续下去是Wilson不能坐视不管的事情。
51.C　解析:根据下文内容可知,由于Wilson的无私奉献,数以千万计的非洲人和亚洲人不再遭受失明的痛苦。
52.A　解析:根据常理可知,防患于未然是最佳解决方案。
53.C　解析:根据常理可知,由于Wilson的伟大贡献,他获得了好几项国际大奖。
54.D　解析:根据语境可知,Wilson虽然眼睛看不见了,但他拥有了远见卓识。
55.B　解析:根据句意并结合全文内容可知,Wilson的故事证明:不是发生在我们身上的事决定了我们的生活,而是我们对发生在我们身上的事情的看法(决定了我们的生活)。
语言能力
1.掌握构词知识
词根 派生 词性及词义 例句
_________ fundamentally _________ Success depends fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.
_________ treatment _________ Later,he worked in Africa,where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.
2.猜测生僻词词义
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later,his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives.____________
fundamental
adv.根本上
treat
n.治疗
灾难
3.牢记熟词生义
单词 词性及词义 例句
fix ____________ For him,it was one thing to accept his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue when it could be fixed so easily.
4.仿写经典句型
He proved that it's not what happens to us that determines our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
仿写:你对失败的态度决定了你能否成功。
vt.解决
It is your attitude towards failure that determines whether you can achieve success or not.
5.破解复杂句式
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later,his parents attempted to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had happened to their lives.
分析:When引导的是_____________从句。主句的主语是his parents,谓语是attempted,catastrophe后是that引导的____________从句。
译文:
时间状语
定语
当两个月后威尔森从医院返回家中时,他的父母试图找到应对这场发生在他们生活中的灾难的方法。
测效果 课堂评价
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.thoughtful
项目 意义 例句
熟义 adj.____________ She had a thoughtful look,and a light seemed to have broken in on her.
生义 adj.____________ Thank you for calling when I was ill—it was very thoughtful of you.
2.Shift
项目 意义 例句
熟义 v. ____________ He shifted his gaze from the child to her.
生义 n.____________ As the night shift leaves,the day shift arrives.
深思的
体贴的
转移,移动
轮班
Ⅱ.单项填空
A组　基础必练
1.You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly;those are the ____________.
A.comments B.alternatives
C.chances D.preparations
2.Many diseases,which can't be cured,arise ____________bad eating habits.
A.in B.with C.from D.by
3.The____________of flour,water,and yeast is then left in a warm place for four hours.
A.mixture B.feature
C.operation D.process
B
C
A
4.The lighting of the Olympic torch____________peace and friendship among the nations of the world.
A.evaluates B.symbolizes
C.stands D.implies
5.He is well qualified____________the job,but he does lack personality.
A.in B.with C.for D.over
6.The others were greatly inspired by his courage ____________adversity.
A.in the face of B.in the place of
C.in danger of D.in the front of
7.How can you ____________the chance to meet your favourite author at the book signing
A.pass up B.hang up C.push up D.take up
B
C
A
A
8.If we can do all of the above,I am sure popularity will come ____________.
A.in the way B.on the way
C.our way D.to the way
9.We will ____________going to that country for sightseeing until the situation there becomes stable.
A.put on B.put up
C.put out D.put off
10.He agreed to lend me some money yesterday,but now he has __________ thoughts.
A.first B.second
C.final D.last
C
D
B
11.We should always keep in mind that many traffic accidents ____________ tiredness.
A.result in B.arise from
C.seek for D.take in
B
B组　高考链接
12.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷改编)Participate____________discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.
A.on B.in C.at D.under
13.(2019·天津卷改编)Touched by their enthusiastic expression of ____________,Mabry thanked them all.
A.care B.effect
C.affection D.attention
14.(2021·全国甲卷改编)It's said that history is written by the victors,and those victors set the standards for ____________to the genius club.
A.permission B.admission
C.refusal D.acceptance
B
C
B
15.(2019·天津3月卷改编)It is biological age that determines our health and ____________our lifespan.
A.ultimately B.extremely
C.absolutely D.accurately
A
Ⅲ.话题微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
【写作素材】
1.听说需要一名实习记者,我写信申请这份工作。(correspondent,trainee)
2.我认为我能胜任这份工作,因为我从小就立志当一名记者。(qualified,boyhood,ambition)
3.流利的中文和英文可以帮助我处理涉外工作。(fluency)
4.面对这个机会,我不想放弃。(in the face of,pass up)
5.我真诚地希望我能被录取。(admission)
【连句成篇】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
Hearing that a correspondent trainee will be needed,I'm writing to apply for the job.I think I'm qualified for it because I have had the ambition to be a journalist since boyhood.Besides,my fluency in both Chinese and English can help me deal with work related to foreign events.In the face of the opportunity, I don't want to pass it up.I sincerely hope that I will gain the admission.