2024年中考英语专题复习课件六选五(共27张PPT)

(共27张PPT)
中考英语
六（七）选五
题型分析
01
读全文：明大意看结构理脉络整体是关键
抓重点：主题句关联句中心句前后找答案
题型解析
六选五语篇的选材，一般以说明文和议论文为主，因为这两种文体的文章，往往逻辑关系明确，条理清楚，上下文衔接紧密，便于考查考生阅读中的逻辑思维能力和整体语篇理解能力。
主题句一般位于段首（首段或末段），
过渡句一般位于段中，
中心句一般位于段末。
解题策略
通读全文了解大意
分析文本理清结构
分析空白抓住重点 （主题句、过渡句、中心句）
不多纠缠先易后难 （做题顺序）
带入原文验证答案
“六选五”选项特点
该题型的选项大致可分为三类：
① 主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；
② 过渡性句子（文章结构）；
③ 注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。
那么，另外一个多余的干扰项就可以通过这三个特点来排除。例如：主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
注意代词或定冠词
在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为大家知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，那么通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。
注意一些特殊疑问词
如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的。
例如：对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词；对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语；对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词；对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。
注意一些连词
这里所说的连词有一些表示转折的连词：but，however，yet，though，never the less等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，as well as，neither... nor，either ...or，not only...but also，on one hand....on the other hand等。
因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。
七选五口诀
逻辑关系前后句，词汇重合上下文；内容全归所在段，语意通顺且连贯。
口诀中第一句说明要通过逻辑关系寻找正确答案，只需把备选答案、空前、空后这三句看清就可以了，不用考虑得太多；
第二句的上下文是指所在段的上下文，一旦串段了,就会错出十万八千里；
第三句涉及段落的一致性，英语文章一旦把段与段之间的关系搞混了，就像汉语文章跑题一样，无药可救。
表示递进关系的连词有：
also也, 而且, further另外(的)；, furthermore而且，此外, likewise同样地，照样地；也，又, similarly相似地，类似地, moreover而且再者，此外, in addition另外，加之, what’s more更重要的是, too也，还, either也, neither两者都不, not only…but also不但…而且等。
表示列举关系的有：
first首先, 第一, second第二, third第三…; firstly第一, 首先, secondly第二(点)；其次, thirdly第三…; first第一, next其次, then那么, 然后…; in the first place第一，首先, in the second place第二, 其次…; for one thing首先，一则, for another thing其次…; to begin with首先，第一, to conclude首先，
做题方法：
排除法。在确定规律之后，可以采用排除法来解答题目。首先根据规律推出可能符合题目的结果，然后将这些结果与选项逐一对比，排除不符合条件的选项。
类比法?。有些题目中的规律可能很难直接推出答案，这时可以采用类比法。找出与原题相似的题目，根据相似题目中的规律得出答案。
分析篇章结构。分析篇章结构和把握全文脉络是解题的关键。语篇通常由段落构成，需要分析段落之间的层次和每个段落内部的层次。
辨别语境线索。注意语境线索，如篇章结构、词语重现、逻辑关系、连接、指称、同构等。这些是确定答案的主要依据。
注意关键词。注意代词、特殊疑问词和连接词或短语。这些词在句中的作用可以帮助确定答案。
通读全文。快速浏览全文，寻找主题句，掌握文章结构及主要内容。
浏览选项。浏览所有选项，特别注意选项中出现的与原文相同或相似的词语。
速读要点词句。确认语篇中选项的位置，注意前言、小标题、段首、段中、段尾等位置。
带问题阅读。通过上下文的句式提高正确率，注意句型句式的变化。
精读相关词句。确认关键词，将已经选出来的答案直接代入到文章中核对。
利用解题技巧。如同词复现、同义复现、指代一致、句式一致、逻辑一致、情景一致等技巧。
模拟练习
02
阅读下面短文、从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。A survey shows that the number of lonely adults is increasing. According to recent research, loneliness can have harmful effects on health. So if you feel lonely at times, be sure to care about it. Here are some tips for you to avoid being lonely.Make time to meet peopleMaybe it seems that you don’t have time to meet new friends, but you need to consider your social life first. ____16____ You can even offer to take a neighbor’s dog for a walk. The neighbor will surely like to make friends with you.Build your community onlineWithout doubt, it’s difficult for you to move to meet like-minded people. However, the Internet can easily bring people with the same interests together. ____17____ Try some safe meetup websites, which list local groups and events, bringing people with common interests together.
Know more about your friendsIn order to find possible friends, try to know more about them. What do they like doing Join one of their activities. What subject (话题) are they interested in ____18____ In this way, you can know each other much better.Work as volunteersVolunteering is good for both body and mind. It gives you the chance to communicate with people. Helping at the local food store or in a charity (慈善) shop will give you a warm feeling and you’ll get to know other volunteers. ____19____Plan ahead____20____ Rather than just suggesting meeting together, carry it out with an exact date and a careful plan. If you plan to meet more people, making a survey about the plan ahead of time will make the meeting more successful.
A. Find out more about it and discuss it with them.B. So it is easy to build an online friend community.C. There are so many ways you can talk face to face now.D. Everyone’s busy, so getting people together needs a good plan.E. It’ll also give you something to talk about with friends and family.F. Instead of checking your phone, go for a walk and chat with someone.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. E 20. D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了如何避免孤独。【16题详解】根据“Maybe it seems that you don’t have time to meet new friends, but you need to consider your social life first”可知要花费时间和别人见面聊天，选项F“与其看你的手机，不如去散步，和别人聊天”符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】根据“Build your community online ”可知要建立在线社区，选项B“因此，建立一个在线朋友社区很容易”符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】根据“Know more about your friends”可知要多了解你的朋友，选项A“了解更多信息并与他们讨论”符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】根据“Helping at the local food store or in a charity (慈善) shop will give you a warm feeling and you’ll get to know other volunteers”可知此处继续介绍帮助别人的好处，选项E“它也会给你一些与朋友和家人谈论的东西”符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】根据“Plan ahead”可知要提前计划，选项D“每个人都很忙，所以让人们聚在一起需要一个好的计划”符合语境。故选D。
Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year. ____21____
·Make a detailed（详细的）plan.
If your New Year’s plan is to exercise five days each week, a plan like “I’ll exercise on weekdays” would not be clear. A detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break” would be better. ____22____
·Make it fun
If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you won’t keep it easily. ____23____ If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours, you’ll look forward to studying.
·____24____Tell a few friends about your goals so you’ll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through.·Give yourself more chances.You planned to get to bed early every night, but one Friday you stayed up late. ____25____ But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results.
A. Make more friends.B. Get a little help from your friends.C. Maybe you’re going to take up a hobby like painting.D. Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals.E. After that, you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan.F. But if you get fun from your exercise or study, you’ll keep longer.G. All in all, you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan.
【答案】21. D 22. G 23. F 24. B 25. E【解析】【导语】本文介绍了几个可以帮助你实现你的目标的建议。【21题详解】根据“Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year.”以及下文的介绍可知，此处应该是总起指出有一些建议，选项D“这里有一些建议可以帮助你实现你的目标。”符合，故选D。【22题详解】根据“If your New Year’s plan is to exercise five days each week, a plan like ‘I’ll exercise on weekdays’ would not be clear. A detailed plan like ‘I’ll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break’ would be better.”可知，此处应该是说与计划有关的情况，即计划应该是具体详细的，选项G“总而言之，你应该在你的计划中提供所有的事实或信息。”符合，故选G。
【23题详解】根据“If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you won’t keep it easily.”可知，此处应该是说运动中要有乐趣才能坚持下去，选项F“但如果你从锻炼或学习中获得乐趣，你就会坚持得更久。”符合，故选F。【24题详解】根据“Tell a few friends about your goals so you’ll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through.”可知，此处应该是说需要朋友的帮助，选项B“让你的朋友帮点忙。”符合，故选B。【25题详解】根据“You planned to get to bed early every night, but one Friday you stayed up late.”可知，此处应是说与早睡计划有关的情况，选项E“在那之后，你可能会想要放弃早睡的计划。”符合，故选E。
In Yingxiu Town of Wenchuan, Qi Jianfeng attended the 10th anniversary(周年纪念日) of Wenchuan Earthquake with hundreds of doctors and volunteers. 1.
Wenchuan was hit by a strong earthquake on May 12th, 2008.At least 69，000 people were killed and more than 375，000 were hurt. 2. Soldiers and doctors quickly arrived in the area. At that time, they were saving people and rebuilding(重建) homes. 3. he wanted to help those who had lost their families or homes. Qi Jianfeng worked as a volunteer after the earthquake. He also listened to the local people carefully so that they had someone to talk to.
Qi's job lasted(持续) for three years, 4. but Qi kept on staying here. He saw the destroyed(毁坏的) place become a new town. The beautiful mountains and friendly people made him prefer to work here. He got a job and bought an apartment in Wenchuan. 5. He hopes to help people especially the young receive earthquake training.
Although the earthquake broke many things apart, it brought everyone closer together.
根据短文内容，从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。
A．It was easy enough to save the people under the buildings.
B．He never imagined what a big difference an earthquake made to his life.
C．Most volunteers have left Wenchuan，
D．He has remained in Wenchuan ever since then.
E．As soon as Qi Jianfeng heard the news，
F．Many people became homeless.
D: 1-5 BFECD　
thanks