万州二中教育集团高 2022 级高二（下）期中质量监测
英语试题
考生须知：
1．本卷共 8 页满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、学号和姓名；考场号、座位号写在指定位置；
3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；
4．考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
第 I 卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？
A. 19.15. В. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What’s the weather like now
A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
2. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
3. What is the man’s favorite kind of tea
A. Black tea with milk. B. Green tea without sugar.
C. Iced green tea with sugar.
4. How did the woman learn to cook the dish A. From a cookbook.
B. From a restaurant.
C. From her mom.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A girl’s change. B. A football player. C. After-school activities.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Where are the speakers most probably
A. At the airport. B. On a flight. C. At a hotel.
7. When will the man probably have to leave
A. At 12 noon. B. At 1:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What did Peter ask his mom to do
A. Do some washing for him.
B. Buy him some new clothes.
C. Send him some clothes.
9. What is the man going to do
A. Stop giving his son money.
B. Find a part-time job for his son.
C. Make a call to his son.
10. What does the man want Peter to do
A. Learn to be good with kids.
B. Learn to be independent.
C. Learn to save money.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. Why does the woman talk to the man A. To invite him to join the club.
B. To borrow a book from him. C. To discuss a popular book.
12. How often do the book club members meet
A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Twice a month.
13. How did the book The Kite Runner get its name
A. Because of a poor kite maker.
B. Because of the main character’s job.
C. Because of a kite-flying competition.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. Who is Max
A. Mary’s dog. B. Mary’s brother. C. John’s dog.
15. Why does Mary buy medicines for Max A. To treat his disease.
B. To improve his health.
C. To prevent some diseases.
16. What does Mary think of the medicines sold at pet stores
A. Effective. B. Expensive. C. Useless.
17. What does the man advise Mary to do
A. Pay a visit to his vet. B. Try another pet store.
C. Buy medicines online.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What did the speaker do in the first year of college
A. She worked in a big store.
B. She learned to make clothes.
C She looked at the old designs.
19. What did the speaker enjoy most about the final show
A. She could design seven sets of clothes.
B. She could invite her parents over.
C. She could meet famous designers.
20. What would the speaker like to do
A Make a big fortune.
B. Start her own business.
C. Help more poor children.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Opening Notice for the National Museum of China (NMC)
Admission:
NMC is open from Tuesday to Sunday, 9:00-17:30 (no entry after 16:30), and is closed on Mondays (except for public holidays). All visitors are required to book online 1-7 days in advance via the NMC official website or WeChat platform.
Audio Guide Rental:
Audio guide devices are available at the West Hall Service Desk for RMB40, with a RMB100 deposit (押金). A valid (有效的) ID is necessary. Damage to an audio guide causes a fee based on the level of damage. Lost devices are subject to payment of the full purchase cost.
Facilities:
Wheelchairs and strollers (婴 儿 推车 ) are available for free use on the day of visit at the Service Desk. A valid ID card and a deposit of RMB500 are required.
Photo Policy:
Photography is allowed in the NMC collection exhibitions without using flash, selfie sticks, or tripods. Temporary exhibits may have specific photo policies, indicated by clear signs put up at both the entrance and the corresponding exhibit halls.
Transportation:
Bus Route:
You can take the No.1, No.2, No. 52, No. 82, No.120 buses, or Sightseeing Line 2, Tourist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get off at Tian'anmen East Station.
Metro:
You can take Metro Line 1, get off at Tian'anmen East Station, and exit the station through Exit C.
1. What happens if a rented audio guide device is damaged
A. An additional fee of RMB40 is charged.
B. The visitor is excused from any charges.
C. Its full price is charged regardless of the damage.
D. Fee for damage is based on the extent of the damage.
2. What can you do during your visit to NMC
A. Borrow a wheelchair with a deposit of $500.
B. Use a stroller provided by the museum for free.
C. Take photos with flashlight, selfie stick or tripod.
D. Take pictures of the collections on all exhibitions.
3. Which of the following can take you to NMC
A. The No.82 Bus. B. Tourist Bus Line 52.
C. Sightseeing Line 1. D. Metro Line 2.
B
Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in the world. But humor was always a big part of Hawking’s effort to bring physics to the masses. In his 2010 book, The Grand Design, for instance, he describes how, in 1277, the religious government declared scientific laws such as gravity to be wrong, since they seemed against their belief. “ Interestingly,” the text adds in a humorous way, “ the religious leader was killed by the effects of the law of gravity a few months later when the roof of his palace fell in on him. ”
Hawking was only 21 when he was diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis — ALS (肌萎缩侧索硬化). For most people, the condition would have been a disaster. But Hawking rolled over difficulty as if it were just a rock under his wheelchair. “Life would be tragic (悲剧的),” he once said, “ if it weren’t funny. ”
So Hawking made jokes. There was the time when talk show host John Oliver asked him about parallel (平行的) universes. “ Does that mean there is a universe out there where I am smarter than you ” Oliver joked. Hawking’s dry reply: “ Yes. And also a universe where you’re funny.” Hawking liked physical humor too. He reportedly enjoyed wheeling his chair over the feet of people who annoyed him, including Prince Charles. “ A malicious (恶意的) rumor,” Hawking said. “ I’ll run over anyone who repeats it. ”
Hawking’s greatest hit, humor-wise, was probably the cocktail party he held in 2009. It was a “welcome reception for future time travelers,” he said, so naturally he sent out the invitations the day after the party. No one showed up yet. “ Maybe one day someone living in the future will find the information and use a wormhole time machine to come back to my party,” Hawking explained. After all, he never missed a chance to have fun.
4. Why did Hawking mention the death of the religious leader in his book The Grand Design
A. To enhance the credibility of his book.
B. To show the result of going against science.
C. To illustrate the law of gravity humorously.
D. To question the power of the religious government.
5. What’s Hawking’s attitude towards his bad luck in life
A. Indifferent. B. Positive. C. Ambiguous. D. Confused.
6. Why did nobody show up at the cocktail party held by Hawking
A. People showed no interest in time travel.
B. The party was in fact a joke by Hawking.
C There was no such thing as a time traveler.
D. The wormhole time machine wasn’t there yet.
7. What can be the best title of this text
A. The Humorous Side of Hawking B. Great Achievements of Hawking
C. A Party with No One Attending D. The Personal Life of Hawking
C
As a mother who had three kids in public schools, it always bothered me that the elementary school had a voluntary “reading club” in which students received prizes based on how much reading for pleasure they did each week. The message seems all wrong: We have to bribe (贿赂) you to read for fun.
A survey by the National Assessment for Educational Progress found that the numbers of 9- and 13-year-olds who say they read for enjoyment almost every day dropped from slightly more than half in 1984, to 42% during the 2019-20 school year. The trend among middle schoolers is worse. The percentage who frequently read for fun dropped by more than half, to 17%, while the percentage who seldom or never do more than tripled (增至三倍).
Meanwhile, a British study found that reading for pleasure had much wider benefits, resulting in better vocabulary, spelling and mathematical abilities. According to the nonprofit reading-advocacy group Kids Read Now, readers also learn better empathy (同理心), decision-making and social skills.
One contributor to this disappointing trend seems obvious: Social media and other digital activities are heavy draws and can consume hours of time. But some librarians and students point to other reasons as well: As students advance in school, required reading of textbooks and classroom-assigned literature increases. They may be reading more, but often enjoying it less.
Reading for pleasure isn’t the same as assigned reading because kids need to be able to relax with the reading material of their choice. As a child, my son used to finish his reading for school and then sigh (叹息) with pleasure, saying, “Now I can read.”
Parents play a key role in changing this situation, but many may not realize how important it is to expose their kids to books, magazines and the like. Giving older students more choices in what they read for class would help encourage pleasure reading too. The class could make group choices or students could pick from a menu of options instead of being assigned a single book. When there are just a few choices and we spoon-feed them to kids, we just deprive them of the experience of realizing there’s a bigger world of books out there for them to explore.
8. What made the author annoyed according to paragraph 1
A. The messages sent by the reading club each week.
B. The lack of reading clubs in the elementary school.
C. The unrealistic reading goals set by the elementary school.
D. The way to encourage elementary school students to read for fun.
9. How does the author present the benefits of reading for pleasure to students
A. By listing some persuasive figures. B. By providing some research results.
C. By referring to some experts’ views. D. By sharing her own parenting experience.
10. What does the author want to show by telling her son’s story
A. It takes time to finish reading for school.
B. Parents should read together with their kids.
C. The reading for school is hardly fun for children.
D. Children have difficulty choosing reading materials.
11. What does the underlined part “deprive them of” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Keep them from. B. Prepare them for.
C. Lead them to. D. Fill them with.
D
There is a famous study called “the marshmallow (棉花糖) test”, conducted by Stanford University professor Walter Mischel. The experiment measured how well children could delay immediate gratification (满足) to receive greater rewards in the future an — ability that predicts success later in life.
For a long time, people assumed that the ability to delay gratification had to do with the child’s personality and was, therefore, unchangeable. But more recent research suggests that social factors—like the reliability of the adults around them — influence how long they can resist temptation (诱惑). Now, findings from a new study add to that science, suggesting that children can delay gratification longer when they are working together toward a common goal.
In the study, researchers repeated a version of the marshmallow experiment with 207 five- to six-year-old children from two very different cultures —Western, Germany and a farming community in Kenya. Kids were first introduced to another child and given a task to do together. Then, they were put in a room by themselves, presented with a cookie on a plate, and told they could eat it now or wait until the researcher returned and receive two cookies. (The researchers used cookies instead of marshmallows because cookies were more attractive treats to these kids.) Some kids received the standard instructions. But others were told that they would get a second cookie only if they and the kid they’d met (who was in another room) were able to resist eating the first one. That meant if both cooperated, they’d both win.
Results showed that both German and Kikuyu kids who were cooperating were able to delay gratification longer than those who weren’t cooperating. Apparently, working toward a common goal was more effective than going it alone.
“Delaying gratification is not just about material benefits,” says Sebastian Grueneisen, coauthor of the study. “Addressing various social issues often necessitates giving up short-term gains for long-term advantages.”
12. What was the traditional belief about kids’ ability to delay gratification
A. It is dependent on rewards. B. It is relevant to intelligence.
C. It is linked to social factors. D. It is a fixed personality trait.
13. What do we know about the new study
A. It is an extended version of Mischel’s experiment. B. It took age differences into consideration.
C. It was carried out on a local basis. D. It reveals the secret of success.
14. What proved to influence children’s ability to delay gratification in the new study
A. Self-control. B. Reliable adults. C. Cooperation. D. Cultural differences.
15. What does Grueneisen stress in the last paragraph
A. Instant rewards bring short-term benefits. B. Delaying gratification holds social value.
C. Cooperation is motivated by self-satisfaction. D. Social development outweighs personal benefits.
第二节（共 5 小題；毎小題 2.5 分，滿分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两顶为多余选项。
One good part about school is field trips. Students can get out of the classroom and into the real world, even if just for a few hours.___16___Whether it is learning how to feed chickens on the farm or understanding how gravity works at the science museum, these hands-on learning experiences bring them benefits.
Students do better in school. Students who go on field trips generally have better grades.___17___In fact, in a study conducted by some researchers, 89% of adults said educational trips had a positive, lasting impact on their education and career. It's because the trips made them more curious and interested in and out of school.
___18___When exploring a new place, students have the opportunity to listen to and talk to new people. They can learn how to effectively communicate with strangers, get along with them and work with them. For example, they may acquire the skill of using body language to interact with strangers.
Students learn to be more independent. A field trip includes many things. Although adults are in charge, it’s also up to students to figure out what exhibits they want to learn about, how they can finish certain tasks, etc. During field trips, students can have many such situations to learn to be independent. In the process, they sometimes may feel unpleasant and stressed.___19___
Students develop a stronger connection to a neighborhood. By getting out of the classroom and, into the streets, students can become more familiar with a neighborhood.___20___Moreover, they have the chance to communicate with local people, which also improves their connection to the neighborhood.
A. Students master more social skills.
B. So students can develop lifelong friendships.
C. And they have higher graduation rates from school.
D. These trips, wherever they are, can influence students.
E. But they’ll see their ability to deal with problems alone improve.
F. They will learn more about its culture environment, population, etc.
G. Teachers’ detailed guidance will help students behave well in school.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白的最佳选项。
I enjoy working in the wild. As a nature____21____, I have to brave the elements- whether it’s sunny, windy or rainy. But the best thing about this job is that you can____22____animals in their natural environment.
My favourite place to take photos is Finnish National Park. It is famous for the____23____of its wildlife, but probably best known for its bears. These huge animals can live for 30 years.____24____a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can still run at a speed of around 64 kilometers per hour.
Last spring in Finland, I followed a path leading to a dark forest. As I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was____25____. An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were____26____in the: peaceful lake below. I was photographing the amazing scene when I suddenly had a(n)____27____that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned ... and____28____. Only meters away from me was a bear. With water____29____its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me. Time stood_____30_____as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first. My legs started shaking._____31_____, I forced my finger to press the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When_____32_____from the shock, I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now_____33_____forever in a single image.
From time to time I look at the photo as a constant_____34_____to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the_____35_____to their world.
21. A. journalist B. designer C. volunteer D. photographer
22. A. paint B. train C. observe D. preserve
23. A. variety B. origin C. safety D. cover
24. A. Within B. Despite C. Beyond D. Through
25. A. disappointing B. breathtaking C. speechless D. worthless
26. A. hidden B. reflected C. buried D. towered
27. A. saying B. dream C. feeling D. goal
28. A. shouted B. fainted C. left D. froze
29. A. falling off B. giving out C. taking in D. picking up
30. A. still B. clear C. short D. vivid
31. A. Besides B. Somehow C. Otherwise D. Therefore
32. A. returning B. escaping C. recovering D. expecting
33. A. applied B. exposed C. noticed D. recorded
34. A. prize B. reminder C. tool D. excuse
35. A. masters B. servants C. visitors D. followers
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are there plenty of birds in your neighborhood This is good news for your mental health because birdsong can help relieve _____36_____ (anxious). This is the latest finding of a study published in the journal Scientific Reports, _____37_____ (explain) the remarkable healing power of birdsong.
In _____38_____ effort to understand the influence of birdsong on mental health, researchers at the Max Planck Institute _____39_____ (join) scientists from the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf to evaluate _____40_____ birdsong and man-made traffic noise affected mood. Before and after hearing the sounds, the participants completed questionnaires (调查表) assessing _____41_____ (they) mental health.
“Healthy people can also experience negative thoughts. The questionnaires enable us _____42_____ (identify) people’s tendencies without their having a diagnosis of depression and to investigate the effect of the sounds of birds or traffic on these tendencies” says Emil Stobbe. Results showed that birdsong _____43_____ (be) useful in reducing uneasiness. In contrast, traffic noise worsened depression.
What makes birdsong so beneficial _____44_____ mental health Study authors believe birdsong is an indication of the entire natural environment. It distracts the listener from other stressors that they would ______45______ (normal) view as a threat.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
46. 假如你是李华，最近参加了英语素养大赛收获颇多，想写一封感谢信，向你的竞争对手 Sam 致谢并分享你在此过程中获得的成长，内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 分享收获；
3. 表达祝福。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分 25)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jason was a 10-year-old football player who lacked a little speed, yet he made up for it through his good attitude. Jason never missed a practice, even though he was a substitute (替补队员) on my team and had few chances to attend the game. Even so, Jason was never discouraged, and always made a sincere effort.
One day, he didn’t come to practice. When he didn’t show up on the second day, as his coach, I called his home to check on him. One of his out-of-town family members informed me that Jason’s old grandfather had passed away and that the family was making funeral (葬礼) arrangements. When his grandfather was alive, he never could see Jason play; it made Jason feel bad. Now his grandfather had gone; I felt sorry for Jason.
Two weeks later, Jason returned to my team, ready for practice. Only three days of practice remained before our next game. This was an important game because we were against a very strong team. And we only had a one-game lead over them. This was a critical game at a key point in the season.
When the big day rolled around, my top players were ready to rush onto the field. It was a summer evening and the sky was filled with beautiful shiny stars. Before the game, Jason and other players lay on the grass to relax. Jason, who lay beside me, stared at the sky all the time. Suddenly, he whispered to me with excitement, “Coach, look at that shiniest star! My grandpa is on it. He said he would be on the shiniest star in the sky after he was gone.” Touched, I said, “Sure, boy!”
Minutes later, the game started and my top players ran to the field. Jason together with me and a few other substitutes watched on the bench. To my disappointment, my team didn’t perform well.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
When the other team scored two goals while my team scored none, I was so anxious.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Motivated by Jason, my team played with more enthusiasm.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1-5 CABCA 6-10 CBAAB 11-15 ABCAC 16-20BCCBB万州二中教育集团高 2022 级高二（下）期中质量监测
英语试题
考生须知：
1．本卷共 8 页满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、学号和姓名；考场号、座位号写在指定位置；
3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；
4．考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
第 I 卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？
A 19.15. В. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What’s the weather like now
A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
2. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
3. What is the man’s favorite kind of tea
A. Black tea with milk. B. Green tea without sugar.
C. Iced green tea with sugar.
4. How did the woman learn to cook the dish A. From a cookbook.
B. From a restaurant.
C. From her mom.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A girl’s change. B. A football player. C. After-school activities.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Where are the speakers most probably
A. At the airport. B. On a flight. C. At a hotel.
7. When will the man probably have to leave
A. At 12 noon. B. At 1:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What did Peter ask his mom to do
A. Do some washing for him.
B. Buy him some new clothes.
C. Send him some clothes.
9. What is the man going to do
A. Stop giving his son money.
B. Find a part-time job for his son.
C. Make a call to his son.
10. What does the man want Peter to do
A Learn to be good with kids.
B. Learn to be independent.
C. Learn to save money.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. Why does the woman talk to the man A. To invite him to join the club.
B. To borrow a book from him. C. To discuss a popular book.
12. How often do the book club members meet
A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Twice a month.
13. How did the book The Kite Runner get its name
A. Because of a poor kite maker.
B. Because of the main character’s job.
C. Because of a kite-flying competition.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. Who is Max
A. Mary’s dog. B. Mary’s brother. C. John’s dog.
15. Why does Mary buy medicines for Max A. To treat his disease.
B. To improve his health.
C. To prevent some diseases.
16. What does Mary think of the medicines sold at pet stores
A. Effective. B. Expensive. C. Useless.
17. What does the man advise Mary to do
A. Pay a visit to his vet. B. Try another pet store.
C. Buy medicines online.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What did the speaker do in the first year of college
A. She worked in a big store.
B. She learned to make clothes.
C. She looked at the old designs.
19. What did the speaker enjoy most about the final show
A. She could design seven sets of clothes.
B. She could invite her parents over.
C. She could meet famous designers.
20. What would the speaker like to do
A. Make a big fortune.
B. Start her own business.
C. Help more poor children.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Opening Notice for the National Museum of China (NMC)
Admission:
NMC is open from Tuesday to Sunday, 9:00-17:30 (no entry after 16:30), and is closed on Mondays (except for public holidays). All visitors are required to book online 1-7 days in advance via the NMC official website or WeChat platform.
Audio Guide Rental:
Audio guide devices are available at the West Hall Service Desk for RMB40, with a RMB100 deposit (押金). A valid (有效的) ID is necessary. Damage to an audio guide causes a fee based on the level of damage. Lost devices are subject to payment of the full purchase cost.
Facilities:
Wheelchairs and strollers (婴 儿 推车 ) are available for free use on the day of visit at the Service Desk. A valid ID card and a deposit of RMB500 are required.
Photo Policy:
Photography is allowed in the NMC collection exhibitions without using flash, selfie sticks, or tripods. Temporary exhibits may have specific photo policies, indicated by clear signs put up at both the entrance and the corresponding exhibit halls.
Transportation:
Bus Route:
You can take the No.1, No.2, No. 52, No. 82, No.120 buses, or Sightseeing Line 2, Tourist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get off at Tian'anmen East Station.
Metro:
You can take Metro Line 1, get off at Tian'anmen East Station, and exit the station through Exit C.
1. What happens if a rented audio guide device is damaged
A. An additional fee of RMB40 is charged.
B. The visitor is excused from any charges.
C. Its full price is charged regardless of the damage.
D. Fee for damage is based on the extent of the damage.
2. What can you do during your visit to NMC
A. Borrow a wheelchair with a deposit of $500.
B. Use a stroller provided by the museum for free.
C. Take photos with flashlight, selfie stick or tripod.
D. Take pictures of the collections on all exhibitions.
3. Which of the following can take you to NMC
A. The No.82 Bus. B. Tourist Bus Line 52.
C. Sightseeing Line 1. D. Metro Line 2.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了中国国家博物馆开馆公告的具体内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Audio Guide Rental部分中“Damage to an audio guide causes a fee based on the level of damage. (损坏音频导览会根据损坏程度收取费用。)”可知，如果租用的语音导览损坏，要根据损坏程度进行赔偿。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Facilities部分中“Wheelchairs and strollers (婴 儿 推车 ) are available for free use on the day of visit at the Service Desk.(轮椅和婴儿车在参观当天可在服务台免费使用。)”可知，博物馆免费提供婴儿车供使用。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Transportation部分中“You can take the No.1, No.2, No. 52, No. 82, No.120 buses, or Sightseeing Line 2, Tourist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get off at Tian'anmen East Station. (您可以乘坐1路、2路、52路、82路、120路公共汽车，或者乘坐观光2号线、旅游1号线和2号线，在天安门东站下车。)”可知，82路公交车可到达中国国家博物馆。故选A项。
B
Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in the world. But humor was always a big part of Hawking’s effort to bring physics to the masses. In his 2010 book, The Grand Design, for instance, he describes how, in 1277, the religious government declared scientific laws such as gravity to be wrong, since they seemed against their belief. “ Interestingly,” the text adds in a humorous way, “ the religious leader was killed by the effects of the law of gravity a few months later when the roof of his palace fell in on him. ”
Hawking was only 21 when he was diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis — ALS (肌萎缩侧索硬化). For most people, the condition would have been a disaster. But Hawking rolled over difficulty as if it were just a rock under his wheelchair. “Life would be tragic (悲剧的),” he once said, “ if it weren’t funny. ”
So Hawking made jokes. There was the time when talk show host John Oliver asked him about parallel (平行的) universes. “ Does that mean there is a universe out there where I am smarter than you ” Oliver joked. Hawking’s dry reply: “ Yes. And also a universe where you’re funny.” Hawking liked physical humor too. He reportedly enjoyed wheeling his chair over the feet of people who annoyed him, including Prince Charles. “ A malicious (恶意的) rumor,” Hawking said. “ I’ll run over anyone who repeats it. ”
Hawking’s greatest hit, humor-wise, was probably the cocktail party he held in 2009. It was a “welcome reception for future time travelers,” he said, so naturally he sent out the invitations the day after the party. No one showed up yet. “ Maybe one day someone living in the future will find the information and use a wormhole time machine to come back to my party,” Hawking explained. After all, he never missed a chance to have fun.
4. Why did Hawking mention the death of the religious leader in his book The Grand Design
A. To enhance the credibility of his book.
B. To show the result of going against science.
C. To illustrate the law of gravity humorously.
D. To question the power of the religious government.
5. What’s Hawking’s attitude towards his bad luck in life
A. Indifferent. B. Positive. C. Ambiguous. D. Confused.
6. Why did nobody show up at the cocktail party held by Hawking
A. People showed no interest in time travel.
B. The party was in fact a joke by Hawking.
C. There was no such thing as a time traveler.
D. The wormhole time machine wasn’t there yet.
7. What can be the best title of this text
A. The Humorous Side of Hawking B. Great Achievements of Hawking
C. A Party with No One Attending D. The Personal Life of Hawking
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要写了著名的科学家霍金用科学的幽默来对待自己的生活，他把物理学和幽默紧密地联系在一起。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in the world. But humor was always a big part of Hawking’s effort to bring physics to the masses. In his 2010 book, The Grand Design, for instance, he describes how, in 1277, the religious government declared scientific laws such as gravity to be wrong, since they seemed against their belief. “ Interestingly,” the text adds in a humorous way, “ the religious leader was killed by the effects of the law of gravity a few months later when the roof of his palace fell in on him. ”(霍金也许是世界上最著名的科学家之一。但幽默一直是霍金努力将物理学带给大众的重要组成部分。例如，在他2010年出版的《大设计》一书中，他描述了1277年天主教会如何宣布万有引力等科学定律是错误的，因为它们似乎违背了上帝的理念。“有趣的是，”文字调皮地补充道，“几个月后，教皇约翰被万有引力定律的影响杀死了，当时他的宫殿屋顶掉下来砸在了他身上。”)”可知，教皇约翰否定万有引力，却被万有引力定律的影响杀死了，霍金之所以在他的书中提到教皇约翰，是想以这种幽默的方式向大众展示物理学。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“But Hawking rolled over difficulty as if it were just a rock under his wheelchair. “Life would be tragic (悲剧的),” he once said, “ if it weren’t funny. ”(但霍金克服困难，就好像它只是他轮椅下的一块石头。他曾经说过:“如果生活不有趣，那它就是悲剧。”)”可知，霍金虽然身处逆境，但他对生活的态度是乐观积极的，对生活中的逆境持有的态度。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题、根据最后一段的“It was a “welcome reception for future time travelers,” he said, so naturally he sent out the invitations the day after the party. No one showed up yet. “ Maybe one day someone living in the future will find the information and use a wormhole time machine to come back to my party,” Hawking explained.”(他说，这是一场“欢迎未来时间旅行者的招待会”，所以很自然地，他在派对的第二天就发出了邀清。然而没有人来。“也许有一天，生活在未来的某个人会发现这些信息，并使用虫洞时光机来参加我的派对。”霍金解释道。)”可知，没有人出现在霍金举办的鸡尾酒会上是因为还没有时光机这样的东西。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in the world. But humor was always a big part of Hawking’s effort to bring physics to the masses. (霍金也许是世界上最著名的科学家。但购默一直是霍金努力将物理学带给大众的重要组成部分。)”，第三段第一句“So Hawking made jokes. (所以霍金会讲笑话。)”和最后一段最后一句“After all, he never missed a chance to have fun.(毕竟，他从不错过任何一个玩乐的机会。) ”可知，本文讲述了著名科学家霍金幽默的一面。他把物理学和幽默紧密地联系在一起。因此推断A项“霍金幽默的一面”为最佳标题。故选A。
C
As a mother who had three kids in public schools, it always bothered me that the elementary school had a voluntary “reading club” in which students received prizes based on how much reading for pleasure they did each week. The message seems all wrong: We have to bribe (贿赂) you to read for fun.
A survey by the National Assessment for Educational Progress found that the numbers of 9- and 13-year-olds who say they read for enjoyment almost every day dropped from slightly more than half in 1984, to 42% during the 2019-20 school year. The trend among middle schoolers is worse. The percentage who frequently read for fun dropped by more than half, to 17%, while the percentage who seldom or never do more than tripled (增至三倍).
Meanwhile, a British study found that reading for pleasure had much wider benefits, resulting in better vocabulary, spelling and mathematical abilities. According to the nonprofit reading-advocacy group Kids Read Now, readers also learn better empathy (同理心), decision-making and social skills.
One contributor to this disappointing trend seems obvious: Social media and other digital activities are heavy draws and can consume hours of time. But some librarians and students point to other reasons as well: As students advance in school, required reading of textbooks and classroom-assigned literature increases. They may be reading more, but often enjoying it less.
Reading for pleasure isn’t the same as assigned reading because kids need to be able to relax with the reading material of their choice. As a child, my son used to finish his reading for school and then sigh (叹息) with pleasure, saying, “Now I can read.”
Parents play a key role in changing this situation, but many may not realize how important it is to expose their kids to books, magazines and the like. Giving older students more choices in what they read for class would help encourage pleasure reading too. The class could make group choices or students could pick from a menu of options instead of being assigned a single book. When there are just a few choices and we spoon-feed them to kids, we just deprive them of the experience of realizing there’s a bigger world of books out there for them to explore.
8. What made the author annoyed according to paragraph 1
A. The messages sent by the reading club each week.
B. The lack of reading clubs in the elementary school.
C The unrealistic reading goals set by the elementary school.
D. The way to encourage elementary school students to read for fun.
9. How does the author present the benefits of reading for pleasure to students
A. By listing some persuasive figures. B. By providing some research results.
C. By referring to some experts’ views. D. By sharing her own parenting experience.
10. What does the author want to show by telling her son’s story
A. It takes time to finish reading for school.
B. Parents should read together with their kids.
C. The reading for school is hardly fun for children.
D. Children have difficulty choosing reading materials.
11. What does the underlined part “deprive them of” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Keep them from. B. Prepare them for.
C. Lead them to. D. Fill them with.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者对于让学生阅读的看法，研究结果表明孩子为了享受而阅读的人数正字下降，为此作者提出了自己的建议。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The message seems all wrong: We have to bribe (贿赂) you to read for fun.(这个信息似乎完全错了：我们必须贿赂你，让你为了乐趣而阅读)”可知，鼓励小学生为乐趣而阅读的方法让作者烦恼。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A survey by the National Assessment for Educational Progress found that the numbers of 9- and 13-year-olds who say they read for enjoyment almost every day dropped from slightly more than half in 1984, to 42% during the 2019-20 school year. The trend among middle schoolers is worse. The percentage who frequently read for fun dropped by more than half, to 17%, while the percentage who seldom or never do more than tripled (增至三倍).(英国国家教育进步评估的一项调查发现，9岁和13岁的孩子中，声称自己几乎每天都为享受而阅读的人数从1984年的略多于一半，下降到2019- 2020学年的42%。这一趋势在中学生中更为严重。经常以阅读为乐趣的比例下降了一半以上，降至17%，而很少或从不阅读的比例增加了两倍以上)”可知，作者通过提供一些研究结果向学生展示快乐阅读的好处。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Reading for pleasure isn’t the same as assigned reading because kids need to be able to relax with the reading material of their choice. As a child, my son used to finish his reading for school and then sigh (叹息) with pleasure, saying, “Now I can read.”(快乐阅读和指定阅读是不一样的，因为孩子们需要能够通过自己选择的阅读材料来放松。小时候，我的儿子常常读完学校的书，然后高兴地叹了口气，说：“现在我能好好阅读了。”)”可知，作者想通过讲述她儿子的故事来说明学校的阅读对孩子们来说一点也不有趣。故选C。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The class could make group choices or students could pick from a menu of options instead of being assigned a single book.(课堂上可以进行小组选择，或者学生可以从选项菜单中进行选择，而不是指定一本书)”以及划线词上文“When there are just a few choices and we spoon-feed them to kids, we just”和 后文“the experience of realizing there’s a bigger world of books out there for them to explore”可知，作者建议让学生自己选择阅读的数，因为当我们只给孩子们一些选择时，我们只是让他们远离了一个更大的书籍世界等着他们去探索的经验。故划线词意思是“让他们远离”，故选A。
D
There is a famous study called “the marshmallow (棉花糖) test”, conducted by Stanford University professor Walter Mischel. The experiment measured how well children could delay immediate gratification (满足) to receive greater rewards in the future an — ability that predicts success later in life.
For a long time, people assumed that the ability to delay gratification had to do with the child’s personality and was, therefore, unchangeable. But more recent research suggests that social factors—like the reliability of the adults around them — influence how long they can resist temptation (诱惑). Now, findings from a new study add to that science, suggesting that children can delay gratification longer when they are working together toward a common goal.
In the study, researchers repeated a version of the marshmallow experiment with 207 five- to six-year-old children from two very different cultures —Western, Germany and a farming community in Kenya. Kids were first introduced to another child and given a task to do together. Then, they were put in a room by themselves, presented with a cookie on a plate, and told they could eat it now or wait until the researcher returned and receive two cookies. (The researchers used cookies instead of marshmallows because cookies were more attractive treats to these kids.) Some kids received the standard instructions. But others were told that they would get a second cookie only if they and the kid they’d met (who was in another room) were able to resist eating the first one. That meant if both cooperated, they’d both win.
Results showed that both German and Kikuyu kids who were cooperating were able to delay gratification longer than those who weren’t cooperating. Apparently, working toward a common goal was more effective than going it alone.
“Delaying gratification is not just about material benefits,” says Sebastian Grueneisen, coauthor of the study. “Addressing various social issues often necessitates giving up short-term gains for long-term advantages.”
12. What was the traditional belief about kids’ ability to delay gratification
A. It is dependent on rewards. B. It is relevant to intelligence.
C. It is linked to social factors. D. It is a fixed personality trait.
13. What do we know about the new study
A. It is an extended version of Mischel’s experiment. B. It took age differences into consideration.
C. It was carried out on a local basis. D. It reveals the secret of success.
14. What proved to influence children’s ability to delay gratification in the new study
A. Self-control. B. Reliable adults. C. Cooperation. D. Cultural differences.
15. What does Grueneisen stress in the last paragraph
A. Instant rewards bring short-term benefits. B. Delaying gratification holds social value.
C. Cooperation is motivated by self-satisfaction. D. Social development outweighs personal benefits.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新研究发现了其他会影响孩子延迟满足能力的因素，介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“For a long time, people assumed that the ability to delay gratification had to do with the child’s personality and was, therefore, unchangeable.(很长一段时间以来，人们认为延迟满足的能力与孩子的个性有关，因此是不可改变的)”可知，关于孩子延迟满足能力的传统观念认为这是一种固定的人格特质。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“There is a famous study called “the marshmallow (棉花糖) test”, conducted by Stanford University professor Walter Mischel.(有一个著名的研究叫做“棉花糖测试”，是由斯坦福大学教授沃尔特·米歇尔进行的)”以及第三段“In the study, researchers repeated a version of the marshmallow experiment with 207 five- to six-year-old children from two very different cultures —Western, Germany and a farming community in Kenya.(在这项研究中，研究人员对207名5到6岁的儿童重复了棉花糖实验的一个版本，他们来自两个截然不同的文化——西方、德国和肯尼亚的一个农业社区)”可知，这项新研究是米歇尔实验的扩展版。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Results showed that both German and Kikuyu kids who were cooperating were able to delay gratification longer than those who weren’t cooperating. Apparently, working toward a common goal was more effective than going it alone.(结果显示，合作的德国和基库尤孩子比不合作的孩子延迟满足的时间更长。显然，朝着共同的目标努力比单打独斗更有效)”可知，在这项新研究中，合作被证明影响了儿童延迟满足的能力。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Delaying gratification is not just about material benefits,” says Sebastian Grueneisen, coauthor of the study. “Addressing various social issues often necessitates giving up short-term gains for long-term advantages.”(该研究的合著者Sebastian Grueneisen说：“延迟满足不仅仅是为了物质利益。”“解决各种社会问题往往需要为了长远利益而放弃短期利益。”)”可知，Grueneisen在最后一段强调了延迟满足具有社会价值。故选B。
第二节（共 5 小題；毎小題 2.5 分，滿分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两顶为多余选项。
One good part about school is field trips. Students can get out of the classroom and into the real world, even if just for a few hours.___16___Whether it is learning how to feed chickens on the farm or understanding how gravity works at the science museum, these hands-on learning experiences bring them benefits.
Students do better in school. Students who go on field trips generally have better grades.___17___In fact, in a study conducted by some researchers, 89% of adults said educational trips had a positive, lasting impact on their education and career. It's because the trips made them more curious and interested in and out of school.
___18___When exploring a new place, students have the opportunity to listen to and talk to new people. They can learn how to effectively communicate with strangers, get along with them and work with them. For example, they may acquire the skill of using body language to interact with strangers.
Students learn to be more independent. A field trip includes many things. Although adults are in charge, it’s also up to students to figure out what exhibits they want to learn about, how they can finish certain tasks, etc. During field trips, students can have many such situations to learn to be independent. In the process, they sometimes may feel unpleasant and stressed.___19___
Students develop a stronger connection to a neighborhood. By getting out of the classroom and, into the streets, students can become more familiar with a neighborhood.___20___Moreover, they have the chance to communicate with local people, which also improves their connection to the neighborhood.
A. Students master more social skills.
B. So students can develop lifelong friendships.
C. And they have higher graduation rates from school.
D. These trips, wherever they are, can influence students.
E. But they’ll see their ability to deal with problems alone improve.
F. They will learn more about its culture, environment, population, etc.
G. Teachers’ detailed guidance will help students behave well in school.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了实地考察学习对学生的好处和影响。
【16题详解】
根据上文“One good part about school is field trips. Students can get out of the classroom and into the real world, even if just for a few hours.(学校的一个好处就是实地考察。学生可以走出教室，进入现实世界，即使只有几个小时)”以及后文“Whether it’s learning how to feed chickens on the farm or understanding how gravity works at the science museum, these hands-on learning experiences bring children benefits. (无论是学习如何在农场喂鸡，还是在科学博物馆了解重力是如何工作的，这些实践学习的经历给孩子们带来了好处)”可知，前文提到了实地考察是有益的，后文提到了不同的实地考察场地，故D选项“这些旅行，无论在哪里，都会影响孩子”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Students do better in school. Students who go on field trips generally have better grades. (学生在学校表现更好。参加实地考察的学生通常成绩较好)”以及后文“In fact, in a study conducted by some researchers, 89% of adults said educational trips had a positive, lasting impact on their education and career. It’s because the trips made them more curious and interested in and out of school.(事实上，在一些研究人员进行的一项研究中，89%的成年人说教育实践对他们的教育和职业有积极的、持久的影响。这是因为这些实践让他们对学校内外都更加好奇和感兴趣)”可知，上下文都提到了参加实地考察的学生通常成绩较好，故本句继续说明参加实地考察的影响：他们有更高的毕业率。故C选项“他们有更高的毕业率”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“When exploring a new place, students have the opportunity to listen and talk to new people. They can learn how to effectively communicate with strangers, get along with them and work with them. For example, they may acquire the skill of using body language to interact (互动) with strangers.(当探索一个新的地方时，学生们有机会倾听和与陌生人交谈。他们可以学习如何有效地与陌生人沟通，与他们相处，与他们一起工作。例如，他们可以学会使用肢体语言与陌生人交流的技巧)”可知，本段的主旨是通过实地考察学生学会了与陌生人沟通和相处，即掌握了社交技能。故A选项“学生掌握了更多的社交技能”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Students learn to be more independent. A field trip includes many things. Although adults are in charge, it’s also up to students to figure out what exhibits they want to learn about, how they can finish certain task, etc. During field trips, students can have many such situations to learn to be independent. During the process, they sometimes may feel unpleasant and stressed.(学生学会更加独立。实地考察包括很多东西。虽然是由成年人负责，但学生们也可以自己决定想要了解哪些展品，如何完成某些任务等。在实地考察中，学生可以有很多这样的情况来学习独立。在这个过程中，他们有时会感到不愉快和压力)”可知，本段讲述学生通过实地考察学会了更加独立，但是有时会感到不愉快和压力，E选项“但是他们会发现自己单独处理问题的能力提高了”符合本段主题，学会了独立，且与上文构成转折，指出尽管有压力，但是学生能力提高的表现，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Students develop a stronger connection to the neighborhood. By getting out of the classroom and into the streets, students can become more familiar with their neighborhood.(学生与社区建立了更强的联系。走出教室，走上街头，学生们可以更加熟悉他们的社区)”以及后文“Moreover, they have the chance to communicate with local people, which also improves their connection to the neighborhood.(此外，他们有机会与当地人交流，这也提高了他们与社区的联系)”可知，上下文提到了学生可以熟悉社区，与当地人交流，提高与社区的联系，故本句具体说明了解社区的哪些方面。F选项中its与上下文的neighborhood相对应。故F选项“他们将更多地了解它的文化、环境、人口等”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白的最佳选项。
I enjoy working in the wild. As a nature____21____, I have to brave the elements- whether it’s sunny, windy or rainy. But the best thing about this job is that you can____22____animals in their natural environment.
My favourite place to take photos is Finnish National Park. It is famous for the____23____of its wildlife, but probably best known for its bears. These huge animals can live for 30 years.____24____a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can still run at a speed of around 64 kilometers per hour.
Last spring in Finland, I followed a path leading to a dark forest. As I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was____25____. An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were____26____in the: peaceful lake below. I was photographing the amazing scene when I suddenly had a(n)____27____that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned ... and____28____. Only meters away from me was a bear. With water____29____its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me. Time stood_____30_____as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first. My legs started shaking._____31_____, I forced my finger to press the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When_____32_____from the shock, I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now_____33_____forever in a single image.
From time to time I look at the photo as a constant_____34_____to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the_____35_____to their world.
21. A. journalist B. designer C. volunteer D. photographer
22. A. paint B. train C. observe D. preserve
23. A. variety B. origin C. safety D. cover
24. A. Within B. Despite C. Beyond D. Through
25. A. disappointing B. breathtaking C. speechless D. worthless
26. A. hidden B. reflected C. buried D. towered
27. A. saying B. dream C. feeling D. goal
28. A. shouted B. fainted C. left D. froze
29. A. falling off B. giving out C. taking in D. picking up
30. A. still B. clear C. short D. vivid
31. A. Besides B. Somehow C. Otherwise D. Therefore
32. A. returning B. escaping C. recovering D. expecting
33. A. applied B. exposed C. noticed D. recorded
34. A. prize B. reminder C. tool D. excuse
35. A. masters B. servants C. visitors D. followers
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者是一名自然摄影师，一次偶然拍到熊的惊险经历，这个经历让作者对大自然的动物充满了敬意。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名自然摄影师，无论是晴天、刮风还是雨天，我都必须勇敢地面对自然。A. journalist记者；B. designer设计者；C. volunteer自愿者；D. photographer摄影师。根据“My favourite place to take photos is Finnish National Park.”及下文可知，作者是一名自然摄影师。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这份工作最大的好处是你可以在自然环境中观察动物。A. paint油漆；B. train训练；C. observe观察；D. preserve保存。根据“As a nature____1____, I have to brave the elements- whether it’s sunny, windy or rainy.”可知，作者享受在野外工作是因为能拍摄到大自然中的动物，因此这也给作者观察动物的机会。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它以其野生动物的多样性而闻名，但最出名的可能是它的熊。A. variety多样化；B. origin起源；C. safety安全；D. cover封面。根据“but probably best known for its bears.”可知，芬兰国家公园以其野生动物的多样性而闻名。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管体重高达300公斤，它们仍能以每小时64公里的速度奔跑。A. Within在……里面；B. Despite尽管；C. Beyond超越；D. Through通过。根据“they can still run at a speed of around 64 kilometers per hour.”可知，尽管这些熊体型庞大，但是奔跑速度很快且擅长游泳。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我终于走出树林时，眼前的景色令人叹为观止。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. breathtaking令人赞叹的；C. speechless说不出话的；D. worthless无价值的。根据“An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were____6____in the: peaceful lake below.”可知，眼前的景色让作者叹为观止。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一只雄鹰飞过白雪皑皑的山峦，山峦倒映在宁静的湖面上。A. hidden隐藏；B. reflected照出（影像）；C. buried埋葬；D. towered高耸。根据“peaceful lake below.”可知，作者被群山映照在湖面的风景给迷住了。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我正在拍摄这个惊人的场景时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。A. saying谚语；B. dream梦想；C. feeling感觉；D. goal目标。根据“that I was being watched.”可知，一只熊在不远处看着他，因此作者觉得自己被什么东西监视着。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我慢慢地转过身，相机仍然举在我的眼前……然后呆住了。A. shouted大喊；B. fainted昏倒；C. left离开；D. froze呆住。根据“Time stood 10 as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first.”可知，作者看到熊后呆住了。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：水从它浓密的棕色毛发上落下，熊回头盯着我。A. falling off从……落下；B. giving out分发；C. taking in接受；D. picking up捡起。根据“With water”可知，水从熊浓密的棕色毛发上落下。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：时间静止了，我和熊都在等着看谁先行动。A. still静止的；B. clear清晰的；C. short短的；D. vivid生动的。根据“as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first.”可知，作者很害怕，不敢动，仿佛时间停止一般。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，我强迫我的手指按下按钮。A. Besides此外；B. Somehow不知怎么地；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。根据“I forced my finger to press the button.”可知，不知怎么地，作者强迫自己按下相机按钮。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我从震惊中恢复过来时，我看着我的相机。A. returning返回；B. escaping逃离；C. recovering恢复；D. expecting期望。根据“My legs started shaking.”可知，作者从震惊中恢复过来。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最可怕但神奇的经历现在被永远地记录在一张图像中。A. applied申请；B. exposed揭露；C. noticed注意到；D. recorded记录。根据“I forced my finger to press the button.”可知，作者按下相机按钮，这个神奇的经历被永远记录下来。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不时地看着这张照片，不断地提醒自己要尊重所有动物。A. prize奖励；B. reminder提醒物；C. tool工具；D. excuse借口。根据“to show respect to all animals.”可知，这张照片提醒作者要尊重所有动物。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，我们是它们世界的过客。A. masters主人；B. servants仆人；C. visitors游客；D. followers追随者。根据“to their world.”可知，对动物来说，人类是它们的过客。故选C。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are there plenty of birds in your neighborhood This is good news for your mental health because birdsong can help relieve _____36_____ (anxious). This is the latest finding of a study published in the journal Scientific Reports, _____37_____ (explain) the remarkable healing power of birdsong.
In _____38_____ effort to understand the influence of birdsong on mental health, researchers at the Max Planck Institute _____39_____ (join) scientists from the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf to evaluate _____40_____ birdsong and man-made traffic noise affected mood. Before and after hearing the sounds, the participants completed questionnaires (调查表) assessing _____41_____ (they) mental health.
“Healthy people can also experience negative thoughts. The questionnaires enable us _____42_____ (identify) people’s tendencies without their having a diagnosis of depression and to investigate the effect of the sounds of birds or traffic on these tendencies,” says Emil Stobbe. Results showed that birdsong _____43_____ (be) useful in reducing uneasiness. In contrast, traffic noise worsened depression.
What makes birdsong so beneficial _____44_____ mental health Study authors believe birdsong is an indication of the entire natural environment. It distracts the listener from other stressors that they would ______45______ (normal) view as a threat.
【答案】36. anxiety
37. explaining
38. an 39. joined
40. how 41. their
42. to identify
43. was 44. to
45. normally
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究最新发现鸟鸣具有非凡的治愈能力，文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：这对你的心理健康来说是一个好消息，因为鸟鸣可以帮助减少焦虑。作宾语，应用名词anxiety，不可数。故填anxiety。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项研究的最新发现，它解释了鸟鸣的非凡治愈能力。此处explain与逻辑主语This构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填explaining。
38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：为了了解鸟鸣对心理健康的影响，马克斯普朗克研究所的研究人员与汉堡-埃彭多夫大学医学中心的科学家们一起评估鸟鸣和人为交通噪音是如何影响情绪的。短语in an effort to表示“为了……”， effort是元音音素开头。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：为了了解鸟鸣对心理健康的影响，马克斯普朗克研究所的研究人员与汉堡-埃彭多夫大学医学中心的科学家们一起评估鸟鸣和人为交通噪音是如何影响情绪的。此处描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，空格处充当谓语动词，用过去式。故填joined。
【40题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：为了了解鸟鸣对心理健康的影响，马克斯普朗克研究所的研究人员与汉堡-埃彭多夫大学医学中心的科学家们一起评估鸟鸣和人为交通噪音是如何影响情绪的。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how。故填how。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：在听到声音之前和之后，参与者完成了评估他们心理健康的问卷。修饰名词health应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：问卷调查使我们能够在没有抑郁症诊断的情况下识别人们的倾向，并调查鸟类或交通声音对这些倾向的影响。短语enable sb. to do sth.表示“使某人能够……”。故填to identify。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：结果表明，鸟鸣有减轻不安的作用。根据上文showed可知句子时态为一般过去时，主语为birdsong，谓语用单数，故填was。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：是什么让鸟鸣对心理健康如此有益？短语beneficial to表示“对……有益”。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这会分散听者的注意力，使他们不去关注那些通常被他们视为威胁的压力源。修饰动词view应用副词normally，故填normally。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
46. 假如你是李华，最近参加了英语素养大赛收获颇多，想写一封感谢信，向你的竞争对手 Sam 致谢并分享你在此过程中获得的成长，内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 分享收获；
3. 表达祝福。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam
I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude for the competition we have shared.
Through our rivalry, I have gained valuable insights and experiences that have shaped me into a better person. Intense and challenging as our contentions are, it is your dedication and talent that have served as a constant source of inspiration for me. Each time I fell short, I found the strength to pick myself up and improve, drawing on your resilience, perseverance, and determination. Despite the fierce competition, you have always shown respect and fairness, your graciousness in both victory and defeat teaching me the importance of humility and grace.
Once again, thank you for being a worthy competitor and for the valuable insights and experiences our competition has provided. Wish you an even more fruitful academic life!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，最近参加了英语素养大赛收获颇多，想写一封感谢信，向你的竞争对手 Sam 致谢并分享你在此过程中获得的成长。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：provide→ offer
获得：gain → obtain
提高：improve→ boost
丰富的：fruitful→ abundant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Despite the fierce competition, you have always shown respect and fairness, your graciousness in both victory and defeat teaching me the importance of humility and grace.
拓展句：Despite the fierce competition, you have always shown respect and fairness, your graciousness in both victory and defeat, which have taught me the importance of humility and grace.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Through our rivalry, I have gained valuable insights and experiences that have shaped me into a better person.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Intense and challenging as our contentions are, it is your dedication and talent that have served as a constant source of inspiration for me.（运用了as引导的让步状语从句）
第二节 (满分 25)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jason was a 10-year-old football player who lacked a little speed, yet he made up for it through his good attitude. Jason never missed a practice, even though he was a substitute (替补队员) on my team and had few chances to attend the game. Even so, Jason was never discouraged, and always made a sincere effort.
One day, he didn’t come to practice. When he didn’t show up on the second day, as his coach, I called his home to check on him. One of his out-of-town family members informed me that Jason’s old grandfather had passed away and that the family was making funeral (葬礼) arrangements. When his grandfather was alive, he never could see Jason play; it made Jason feel bad. Now his grandfather had gone; I felt sorry for Jason.
Two weeks later, Jason returned to my team, ready for practice. Only three days of practice remained before our next game. This was an important game because we were against a very strong team. And we only had a one-game lead over them. This was a critical game at a key point in the season.
When the big day rolled around, my top players were ready to rush onto the field. It was a summer evening and the sky was filled with beautiful shiny stars. Before the game, Jason and other players lay on the grass to relax. Jason, who lay beside me, stared at the sky all the time. Suddenly, he whispered to me with excitement, “Coach, look at that shiniest star! My grandpa is on it. He said he would be on the shiniest star in the sky after he was gone.” Touched, I said, “Sure, boy!”
Minutes later, the game started and my top players ran to the field. Jason together with me and a few other substitutes watched on the bench. To my disappointment, my team didn’t perform well.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
When the other team scored two goals while my team scored none, I was so anxious.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Motivated by Jason, my team played with more enthusiasm.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
When the other team scored two goals while my team scored none, I was so anxious. Suddenly, Jason held my hand and said, “Coach, let me play!” Seeing the eagerness in his eyes, I nodded. Once he was on the field, he behaved like an agile leopard. He ran so fast, passing the football to his teammates or preventing the other team’s players passing the ball. And when he fell on the ground, he stood up right away.
Motivated by Jason, my team played with more enthusiasm. Then, they scored one goal, then another ... Finally, thanks to Jason, my team won. When the game was over, the audience broke into thunderous applause. Puzzled by Jason’s performance just now, I approached him. I congratulated him and thanked him for his contribution and efforts. “I thought my grandfather was there looking at me. I wanted him to be proud of me,” Jason said without hesitation, pointing to the shiniest star in the night sky.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了杰森是一个10岁的足球运动员，他的速度有点慢，但他的良好态度弥补了这一点。杰森的爷爷去世了，这让杰森感觉很糟糕，但是他认为天上最亮的那颗星星就是爷爷，当团队表现不佳时，杰森要求上场，他为了让“在天上的爷爷”能够看到他的表现，坚持不懈，带动了球队的精神，帮助球队取得了胜利。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当其他球队进了两个球，而我的球队一个也没进时，我很焦虑”可知，第一段可描写杰森要求上场比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“在杰森的激励下，我的球队踢得更有热情了”可知，第二段可描写杰森帮助球队获胜的经过以及作者祝贺杰森，杰森解释原因。
2.续写线索：感到焦虑——杰森请求上场——受到激励——获胜——祝贺——解释原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看到：see/spot
②结束：be over /finish
③靠近：approach/get close to
情绪类
①困惑：puzzled/confused
②感谢：thank/show gratitude to
【点睛】[高分句型1] Once he was on the field, he behaved like an agile leopard. (运用了once引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] When the game was over, the audience broke into thunderous applause. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
听力1-5 CABCA 6-10 CBAAB 11-15 ABCAC 16-20BCCBB
