仁爱版八下Unit 6 Topic 2 How about exploring Tian’anmen Square? 精讲精练（重点词汇+句型+课堂练习）（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Enjoy Cycling
Topic 2 How about exploringTian’anmen square？
【重点词汇】
explore （v） 探索—exploration（n）考察
Camp （v）野营—camping（n）露营
North（n）北方—northern（adj）北方的
East（n）东方—eastern（adj）东方的
West（n）西方—western（adj）西方的
Announce（v）宣布—Announcement（n）宣告
Found（v）建立—founded（过去式）
Meaningful（adj）重要的，重大的—meaning（n）意思
—meaningless（n）无意义的
—mean（v）意思
memorial（adj）纪念的—memory（n）记忆
Memorize（v）记忆
crowd（n）人群—crowded（adj）拥挤的
Direction（n）方向—direct（adj）直接的
【重点短语】
1.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
be busy with sth. 忙于某事
2.on vacation 度假
3.work out 算出，制定，完成
4.in the center of 在……中央
5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事
6.one and a half hours = one hour and a half 一个半小时
7.be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇
be surprised to do sth. 惊奇于做某事
8.in all directions 四面八方
9.a parking lot 一个停车场
10. push one’s way out 从人群中挤出来
11.at last =in the end =finally 最后，终于
12.be famous for 因为……而著名
be famous as 作为……而著名
13.have fun (in) doing sth. 从做某事中获得乐趣
14.thank goodness 谢天谢地
15.as soon as 一……就……
16.be full of… 满的，充满的
17.make a plan 制定一个计划
18.lie in 位于……内（指某一范围之内）
lie on 与……紧挨着（接壤，不管辖）
lie to 隔……相望（不接壤，不管辖）
19.be/get lost 迷路
20.take out 拿出
21.step on 踩，踏
22.ten meters long/wide/high 十米长/宽/高
【重点语法归纳】
时间状语从句
在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由when, while,as, after, before, since, until, as soon as等词引导。
一、 when、while和as的用法与区别
三者都表示“当……时候”，需要注意的是：
1. when引导的时间状语从句中，用动词的一般现在时表将来。
Mr. Smith will call you up when he arrives in Beijing.
当史密斯先生到达北京时，他将给你打电话。
2. when也能表示“正在这时”。
I was walking in the park, when it began to rain.
我正在公园里散步，这时天开始下雨了。
3. 与进行时连用时，when相当于while或as。
When/While/ As Jane was playing the violin, I walked in quietly. 当简在拉小提琴时，我悄 悄地走进了。
4. as引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时；一边……一边……”，侧重表示两个动作同时发生。
The boy jumps as he goes along. 那个男孩边走边跳。
二、由before和after引导的时间状语从句用法
before意为“在……之前”，根据具体语境还可意为“还没来得及/ 还没有……就……；……才……”等。
after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。
We arrived there two days before Christmas.我们在 圣诞节前两天到了那儿。
Before he knew it, his piece of meat had fallen into the water. 他还没有醒悟过来，那块肉已经掉进水里了。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.
你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
三、as soon as引导的时间状语从句用法
as soon as意为“一……就”，表将来要发生的动作，遵循“主将从现”的原则；表示两个紧接着发生的动作，主从句都用一般过去时。
As soon as she comes to the party, we will give hera big surprise.
她一来参加晚会，我们就给她一个大惊喜。（现在）
As soon as he got to the station, the train left.
他一到达火车站，火车就离开了。(过去)
四、until引导的时间状语从句用法
1. 在含有until引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，如：work，live，stay，study，play，wait等，那么这个主句常用肯定式，表示动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。until可意为“直到……为止”。
I’ll workuntil he tells me to stop. 我会一直工作到他叫我停下来为止。
2. 在含有until引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词，如：come，go，leave，begin，start，finish等，那么这个主句常要用否定式，表示某一动作到until所表示的时间才发生。即not ...until... 意为“直到……才……”。如：
She didn’t go tobed until she finished her homework.直到做完作业， 她才去睡觉。
【重要句型讲解】
1. While you were enjoying your trip to Mount Tai, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在泰山愉快旅行时，我正忙着准备考试。
【知识解析】(1)be busy doing sth.,/ be busy wit h sth. 忙于做某事
She's busy doing her homework / with homework.
她正忙着做作业。
(2)prepare for 为……做准备
The boys are busy preparing for their football match.
男孩子们正忙着准备足球赛。
(3)while 在此引导时间状语从句表示“当……的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行，且 while 引导的从句和主句中的谓语动词必须表示持续性的动作或状态，不能表示一时性或短暂性的动作。如:
While my sister was watching TV, I was reading.
我姐姐看电视时，我在读书。
注意：引导时间状语从句的连词还有when,before, after, as, until, as soon as 等。
2.Diana and Lily should work out the cost carefully.Diana和Lily应该认真算出费用。
【知识解析】work out 算出；锻炼
例如：Think it over and you will work out the math problem.
好好想一想，你就会算出这道数学题。
3.In the north of the square, we can see Tian’anmen Rostrum.广场的北端,我们可以看到天安门城楼。
【知识解析】（1）in the+方位名词+of...指在某一范围之内的地区。
例如：Beijing is in the north part of China.(在内部)
（2）to the+方位名词+of.…指相互不接壤并互不管辖的两个地区。
例如：Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东边。(不接壤)
（3）on the+方位名词+of…指相互接壤但互不管辖的两个地区。
例如：Shandong is on the northeast of Henan.山东在河南的东北面。(接壤)
4.I can’t wait to see it.我迫不及待地想看到它。
【知识解析】can’t wait to do 迫不及待地做某事
例如：I just can't wait to be king.我迫不及待要当王。
5.While the crowd was pushing Darren in all directions, someone stepped on his feet.人群把达伦挤得东倒西歪,还有人踩了他的脚。
【知识解析】（1）in all directions=in every direction 向四面八方
in the direction of 朝……方向
in one's direction朝着某人的方向
He went off in the direction of the post office.他朝邮局方向去了。
例如：People walked by without a look in her direction.人们从旁边走过，看都不往她那边看。
（2）step on sth 踏，踩某物
step on sb’s feet踩了某人的脚
step还可以作名词，表示“步伐”
例如：walked with a quick light step.他迈着轻快的步子走着。
6.He didn’t raise his head until someone called him.直到有人喊他，他才抬起头。
【知识解析】(1)not.. until….直到……才……,until 引导时间状语从句。主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词，until 与not 连用。
例如：You cannot leave until your work is finished.直到做完工作你才能离开。
但主句的谓语动词是持续性动词(非瞬间动词),如:live,wait,last, love,like, stay, work continue 等,until不与 not 连用,意为“直到……为止”
例如：Wait until the rain stops. 等到雨停了再说吧
(2)raise one's head 抬头
raise one's hand 举手
raise the national flag 升国旗
7.While we were having fun exploring,I found that Darren was lost.
我们正玩得开心的时候,我发现达伦不见了。
【知识解析】have fun =enjoy oneself= have a good time 意为“玩得开心”。
例如：We had a lot of fun at Kangkang’s party我们在康康的聚会上玩得很开心。
【课堂练习】
一、单项选择
1．— is it from here to the museum
—It's about 20 minutes' ride .
A．How often B．How far C．What time
2．—Mr Johnson spends a lot of time going on trips every year.
—That's true. He is a man with many travel .
A．lights B．roles C．experiences
3．—Don't watch your phone when going downstairs. Be careful of the ! Ouch!
—Oh, I'm sorry. I on your foot.
A．steps; stepped B．step; step C．step; stepped
4．—I saw Jack walk very . What happened to him
—He fell off his bike and hurt his right leg yesterday.
A．safely B．happily C．slowly
5．—Fish is a popular dish for Chinese people, especially on the eve of Chinese New Year.
—Yes, it's for us.
A．memorial B．meaningful C．proper
二、适当形式填空
6．This street was so 　 　 (crowd) that I could hardly wall through it.
7．The girl is crying 　 　 (sad) because her pet cat died.
8．Suddenly the birds flew away in all 　 　 (direct).
9．Mr. Wu will take us to go 　 　 (camp). I need to buy a tent.
10．What about 　 　 (explore) the forest this weekend
三、根据情景对话，从方框中选出正确的选项补全对话。
A：Hey, Kangkang. I've got great news.
B: 　 11 　
A: Yes, my friend Darren from San Francisco is coming to visit me.　 12 　
B: That's fantastic!　 13 　
A: Would you help me plan some exciting adventures in Beijing
B: 　 14 　We can explore the graves(墓穴，坟墓) of ancient Chinese emperors.
A: 　 15 　
A: I'm looking forward to meeting him.
B: That would be very interesting. C: It's a good idea. D: You sound very excited. E: I'd like you to meet him. F: How about taking him to the Ming Tombs G: What can I do for you.
四、阅读理解
An
old farmer spent all his life on his farm in the country in the southeast of
England. One day he decided to visit the big city.
Everything was new and strange to him, because he had never traveled to the
city before.
The
old farmer visited a lot of interesting places in the city.
He
rushed into a large tall building and saw a lift. When he was watching, an old
woman got into the lift and closed the door. After a while, the door opened
again and a very perfect young girl came out.
The
old farmer was very surprised, "What a funny little room!" He said to
himself, "It's magic. It can change an old woman into a young girl. The
next time I come here, I'm going to bring my wife to take the lift. "
16.The old farmer lived ____.
A．near the city B．in the city
C．in the southeast of England D．in a large tall building
17.The old farmer decided ____ one day.
A．to visit a building B．to visit a city
C．to visit a factory D．to visit a farm
18.The old farmer ____.
A．came to the city for the first time
B．had traveled to the city several times
C．found nothing new and strange in the city
D．only visited the large tall building
19.When the old farmer was in a large tall building, he saw ____ get into the lift.
A．a young girl B．an old man C．his wife D．an old woman
20.From the passage, we can guess the old farmer ____.
A．knew the lift well
B．didn't know anything about the lift
C．wanted to buy a lift
D．didn't like the lift
答案解析
1．【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：——从这里到博物馆有多远？——大约20分钟的车程。A：How often多久一次，提问频率 ；B：How far多远，提问距离；C：What time几点，提问具体时间。根据答句It's about 20 minutes' ride . 大约20分钟的车程。可知此处表示距离，应用How far提问，故选B。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析，注意识记how far的用法。
2．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：——约翰逊先生每年花很多时间去旅行。——这是真的。他是一个有许多旅行经历的人。A：lights灯；B：roles角色；C：experiences经历。根据句子Mr Johnson spends a lot of time going on trips every year. 约翰逊先生每年花很多时间去旅行。可知此处是指他有很多旅行经历，应用experiences，故选C。
【点评】考查名词辨析，注意识记experiences的用法。
3．【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：——下楼时不要看手机。小心台阶!哎哟！——哦，对不起。我踩到你的脚了。根据空格前the为定冠词，后加名词，step作名词时，意为"台阶"，为可数名词，可知此处应用复数形式，应用steps。分析句子第二个空处为谓语动词，step作动词时，意为"踩，踏"，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，此处应用过去式stepped，故选A。
【点评】考查词性辨析，注意识记step的名词和动词的用法。
4．【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：——我看见杰克走得很慢。他怎么了？——他昨天从自行车上摔下来，伤了右腿。A：safely安全地；B：happily开心地；C：slowly慢慢地。根据答句He fell off his bike and hurt his right leg yesterday. 他昨天从自行车上摔下来，伤了右腿。可知此处是指走的很慢，应用slowly，故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析，注意识记slowly的用法。
5．【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：——鱼是中国人很喜欢吃的菜，尤其是在春节前夕。——是的，对我们来说是有意义的。A：memorial纪念的；B：meaningful有意义的；C：proper合适的。根据句子Fish is a popular dish for Chinese people. 鱼是中国人很喜欢吃的菜。可知此处是指这道菜很有意义，可知此处应用meaningful，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记meaningful的用法。
6．【答案】crowded
【解析】【分析】句意：这条街太拥挤了，我几乎走不过去。crowd，人群，名词。根据空格前was so，是非常，副词so修饰形容词，可知此处应用形容词作表语，crowd的形容词形式为crowded，拥挤的，故答案为crowded。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意识记crowd的形容词crowded的用法。
7．【答案】sadly
【解析】【分析】句意：这个女孩伤心地哭着，因为她的宠物猫死了。sad，悲伤的，形容词。根据空格前crying，哭，动词，此处指伤心地哭，可知此处应用副词修饰动词，sad的副词形式为sadly，悲伤地，故答案为sadly。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意识记sad的副词sadly的用法。
8．【答案】directions
【解析】【分析】句意：突然，鸟儿向四面八方飞去了。direct，直接的，形容词。介词短语in all directions，向四面八方，可知此处应用复数名词directions，方向，故答案为directions。
【点评】考查名词，注意识记n all directions的用法。
9．【答案】camping
【解析】【分析】句意：吴先生将带我们去露营。我需要买一个帐篷。camp，野营，动词。动词短语go camping，去野营，可知此处应用camping，故答案为camping。
【点评】考查动词短语，注意识记go camping的用法。
10．【答案】exploring
【解析】【分析】句意：这个周末去森林探险怎么样？explore，探索，动词。固定搭配what about doing sth，做某事怎么样呢。可知此处应用doing形式，应用exploring，故答案为exploring。
【点评】考查固定搭配，注意识记what about doing sth的用法。
11—15．【答案】D；E；A；F；B
【解析】【分析】
A: I'm looking forward to meeting him.盼望见到你。
B: That would be very interesting.那将很有意思。
C: It's a good idea.是一个好主意。
D: You sound very excited.听起来你很激动。
E: I'd like you to meet him.我想让你见见他。
F: How about taking him to the Ming Tombs 带他去明十三陵怎么样？
G: What can I do for you.有什么可以为您效劳？
⑴根据上一句 I've got great news和下一句Yes可知说话声听起来很激动，故答案为D。
⑵根据前文my friend Darren from San Francisco is coming to visit me可知此处将my friend Darren（him）介绍给对方见面，故答案为E。
⑶根据That's fantastic!，结合第⑵空可知谈论见my friend Darren的心情，故答案为A。
⑷根据后一句中的graves可知建议去参加明陵，故答案为F。
⑸根据上文内容可知此处对对方的建议的评价，故答案为B。
【点评】补全对话考查日常交际用语的应用，首先弄清选项的意思，然后通读对话，要紧扣话题，根据上下文逻辑关系进行准确判断。
16—20【答案】CBADB
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了一位老农民第一次来大城市参观，对电梯一无所知而认为老妇人变成年轻的姑娘的故事。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段An old farmer spent all his life on his farm in the country in the southeast of England.可知，这位老农民住在英格兰的东南部。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段 One day he decided to visit the big city. 可知，老农民想去参观一个大城市。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段 Everything was new and strange to him, because he had never traveled to the city before. 可知，这位老农民是第一次来大城市。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段 He rushed into a large tall building and saw a lift. When he was watching, an old woman got into the lift and closed the door. 可知，当这位老农民在一座高大的建筑里时，他看见一位老妇人走进电梯。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。通读全文可知，我们可以猜测老农民对电梯一无所知。故选B。
【点评】考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)