仁爱版八下Unit 6 Topic 3 Bicycle riding is good exercise 精讲精练（重点词汇+句型+课堂练习）（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Enjoy Cycling
Topic 3 Bicycle riding is good exercise.
【重点词汇】
pollution（n）污染—pollute（v）污染
Advantage（n）优点—disadvantage（反义词）缺点
Disagree（v）不同意—agree（v）同意
careless（adj）不小心—careful（adj）仔细的
Safety（n）安全—safe（adj）安全的—safely（adv）安全地—save（v）拯救
Injury（n）伤害—injure（v）受伤
Central（adj）中心的—center（n）中心
Broken（adj）破损的—break（v）破损
【重点短语】
1.have a traffic accident 发生一场交通事故
2.be/get hurt 受伤
3.be crazy about 热衷于……
4.obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
5.break the traffic rules 违反交通规则
6.save energy 节约能源
7.air pollution 空气污染
8.get a fine 得到一个罚单
9.10.be in danger 处于危险之中
11.make a wrong turn 拐错弯
12.on the left-hand side of... 在左手边
13.pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事
14.traffic signals 交通信号
15.just for fun 紧紧只为乐趣
16.in case of 如果，假使
17.first aid 急救
18.in a word/in short 简而言之，一句话
19.disagree with sb. 不同意某人
20.look out/be careful 小心，当心
21.empty…into… 把……倒入……
22.notice sb. doing sth. 注意某人正在做某事
notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做过某事/经常做某事
23.slow down 减速
【重点语法归纳】
宾语从句（Ⅰ）
在句子中起到宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，在主从复合句中充当宾语，一般位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后。宾语从句一般分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。学好宾语从句，首先掌握以下两个要点。
一、 that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）
that在从句中没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。
She said (that) she was too busy to go to your concert.
她说她太忙了而不能参加你的音乐会。
No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day.
没有人告诉杰克第二天有班会。
Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn’t pass the exam.
小汤米担心这次考试不及格。
【拓展1】可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, agree,explain, feel,suggest, hear, mean, notice等。
【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose,expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
I don’t think (that) he can give a speech at the meeting.
我认为他不会在会上发言的。
二、 宾语从句的时态
1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
The worker says (that) he works from Monday to Friday.
那名工人说他从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时）
John says (that) he will leave a message on his desk.
约翰说要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）
2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
He told me that he didn’t go to the library yesterday.
他告诉我他昨天没去图书馆。（从句是一般过去时）
He said (that) he was playing football at that time.
他说他那时在踢足球。（从句是过去进行时）
3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事,只怕有心人。
【课堂练习】
一、单项选择
1． When I first learned English, I was afraid of ____ English with others.
A．speak B．speaks C．speaking D．spoke
2． Mr. Wang used to ____ to work, but now he gets used to ____ to work.
A．drive; ride B．drive; riding
C．driving; ride D．driving; riding
3． We went ____ the forests and arrived ata small village.
A．through B．across C．over D．by
4．Jack is a little ____ than Peter.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest
5． —We'll go hiking if it ____ rain tomorrow.
—That would be fine.
A．isn't B．won't C．don't D．doesn't
二、单词拼写
6．These policemen wear 　 　（头盔）to protect them.
7．–Can the boy ride a 　 　(摩托车)
--Yes, he can.
8．The man had some 　 　(麻烦) finding his friend's house just now
9．The girl always likes 　 　（浅色的）clothes.
10．It's easy to be an accident at the 　 　(交叉口)of the street.
11．Suddenly a bike came from the o　 　side.
12．The bus is very big and it can carry 50 p　 　 .
13．You are always so c　 　. You must be careful next time.
14．He will take part in bicycle r　 　tomorrow.
15．A car has four w　 　.
三、适当形式填空
16．I'm afraid I 　 　 (agree) with you on this point.
17．Miss Li took a photo of all the 　 　 (win) of the sports meet.
18．The museum is about five 　 　 (mile) from here. You can take a bus there.
19．Henry is a kind man, but sometimes he is a little 　 　 (care).
20．Wuyi Square is in the 　 　 (center) part of Fuzhou City.
四、补全对话
从下列方框中选择恰当的句子填空，使对话完整与通顺。（有多余的选项）
Alan: Betty, what does your father do
Betty: 　 21 　
Alan: Do you want to have the same job as your father's
Betty: Oh, yes. Sometimes it's a little dangerous, but it's exciting. 　 22 　
Alan: I'm going to be a bank clerk.
Betty: 　 23 　
Alan: I'm going to study math really hard from now on.
Betty: 　 24 　
Alan: I'm not sure yet. Maybe in Alice Spring, the famous bank in town.
Betty: Lisa, do you want to be a bank clerk, too
Lisa: No, not really. I want to be a teacher. 　 25 　
Betty: That sounds interesting.
A. I love children very much. B. How are you going to do that C. He's a policeman. D. What are you going to do in the future E. I really love music. F. Where are you going to work G. When are you going to study
五、阅读理解
Many people
like to travel by plane, but I don't like it because the airport is usually far
from the city. You have to get there early and wait for hours for the plane to take
off which is often late. You can't open the windows. You can't choose the food.
Planes are fast, but it still takes hours to get out of the airport and into the
city.
I like
travelling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually good
in cities. When you are late for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk
around in the train and open the windows. You can see many interesting things on
your way, though it takes a little more time.
I also
like cars. You can start your journey whenever you want to, and you don't need to
get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you can carry many things with you
in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
26.Why do many people like to travel by plane
A．Because it is fast.
B．Because it is safe.
C．Because you can walk around in the plane.
D．Because it is cheap.
27.Which is not the good thing about the train
A．It is safe. B．It takes a little more time.
C．You can open the window. D．You can walk around in the train.
28.If you want to take a lot of things with you, what will you take
A．A bus. B．A car. C．A train. D．A subway.
29.What is the bad thing about the car
A．You needn't go to a railway station.
B．You can start your journey when you want to.
C．There are too many cars on the road.
D．You needn't go to a bus stop.
30.According to the passage, which sentence is true
A．He thinks taking a plane takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport.
B．He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.
C．He likes to take a car because he has a car.
D．He likes to take a plane because he can choose the food.
答案解析
1．【答案】C
2．【答案】B
3．【答案】A
4．【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：Jack比Peter强壮一点。根据than可知，此处用比较级，strong的比较级是stronger。故选B。
【点评】考查比较级。注意比较级用法的识记。
5．【答案】D
6．【答案】helmets
【解析】【分析】句意：这些警察戴头盔来保护他们。helmet，n 头盔，可数名词，用复数表示泛指，与主语policemen呼应，故答案为helmets。
【点评】考查单词拼写，熟记单词，根据语境判断名词的单复数。
7．【答案】motorcycle
【解析】【分析】—那个男孩会骑摩托车吗？—是的，他会。motorcycle摩托车，由a可知用单数，故答案为motorcycle。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意名词的单复数。
8．【答案】trouble
【解析】【分析】句意：那个人刚才在找朋友家的时候有些麻烦。trouble 麻烦，不可数名词，用原形，故答案为trouble。
【点评】考查单词拼写，熟记单词，理解句意，根据语境判断，注意trouble是不可数名词。
9．【答案】light-colored
【解析】【分析】句意：那个女孩总是喜欢浅色的衣服。light-colored adj浅色的。形容词修饰clothes，作定语。故答案为light-colored。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意符合形容词的构成：形容词+名词-ed，如：warm-hearted热心的；strong-minded坚强的；cold-blooded冷血的。
10．【答案】crossing
【解析】【分析】句意：在街道交叉口很容易出事故。crossing n十字路口。the+单数名词 表示泛指，故答案为crossing。
【点评】考查单词拼写，熟记单词，注意名词表示泛指的规则：a+单数可数名词；the+单数可数名词；复数名词；不可数名词。
11．【答案】other
【解析】【分析】句意：突然一辆自行车从另一面驶来。由side可知此处表示“另一边”，故答案为other。
【点评】考查对不定代词the other的掌握，理解句意，根据首字母确定单词。
12．【答案】passengers
【解析】【分析】句意：这辆公交车很大，它能载50名乘客。根据常识可知bus用于载客，所以用passenger。由数词50可知此处用复数，故答案为passengers。
【点评】考查单词拼写，熟记单词，根据常识确定单词，注意数词+复数名词。
13．【答案】careless
【解析】【分析】句意：你总是这么粗心，你下次必须要小心。由后一句的careful可知此处是“粗心”，故答案为careless。
【点评】考查对形容词careless的掌握，理解句意，根据首字母确定单词。
14．【答案】race
【解析】【分析】句意：他明天将参加自行车比赛。由take part in可知此处表示活动，根据bicycle和首字母可确定是“比赛”，故答案为race。
【点评】考查对名词race的掌握，理解句意，根据首字母确定单词。
15．【答案】wheels
【解析】【分析】句意：一辆汽车有四个轮子。根据常识和首字母w可知此处意思是“轮子”，数词+复数，故答案为wheels。
【点评】考查对名词wheel的掌握，理解句意，根据首字母确定单词，注意可数名词的单复数。
16．【答案】disagree
【解析】【分析】句意：恐怕我在这一点上不同意你的意见。agree，同意，动词。结合语境"I'm afraid"可知此处应是不同意观点。不同意，disagree，动词。主语是I，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形。故答案为：disagree。
【点评】考查动词原形。注意根据语境确定动词含义，结合时态和人称确定动词形式。
17．【答案】winners
【解析】【分析】句意：李老师给运动会的所有获胜者拍了一张照片。win，赢得，动词。根据语意理解和句子结构分析可知此处应指"获胜者"。获胜者，winner，可数名词。根据空格前的all（所有）可知此处名词应用复数形式。故答案为：winners。
【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意根据语境确定名词单复数形式。
18．【答案】miles
【解析】【分析】句意：博物馆离这里大约五英里。你可以在那里坐公共汽车。mile，英里，可数名词。空格前有数词five，可知名词应用复数形式，故答案为：miles。
【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意根据语境确定名词的单复数形式。
19．【答案】careless
【解析】【分析】句意：亨利是一个善良的人，但有时他有点粗心。care，关心，在意，动词。根据句子结构分析可知，be动词后应用形容词，结合语境"Henry is a kind man, but sometimes"可知but为转折，虽然友善，但是有时候很粗心。粗心的，careless，形容词。故答案为：careless。
【点评】考查形容词原级。注意识记care的词性和词义的转换。
20．【答案】central
【解析】【分析】句意：武夷广场位于福州市中心。center，中心，中央，可数名词。根据句子结构分析可知此处缺少形容词修饰后面的名词part，此处应用形容词原级。center的形容词为central，故答案为：central。
【点评】考查形容词原级。注意识记形容词修饰名词。
21—25．【答案】C；D；B；F；A
【解析】【分析】A. I love children very much.我喜欢小孩。
B. How are you going to do that 你打算怎么做？
C. He's a policeman.他是一个警察。
D. What are you going to do in the future 你打算将来做什么？
E. I really love music.我真的喜欢音乐。
F. Where are you going to work 你打算去哪里工作？
G. When are you going to study 你什么时候去学习。
（1）根据 what does your father do 可知询问职业，故答案为C。
（2）根据下一句I'm going to be a bank clerk.可知问对方将来的职业理想，故答案为D。
（3）根据I'm going to study math really hard from now on可知可知询问达到职业理想的方式是什么，故答案为B。
（4）根据下一句I'm not sure yet. Maybe in Alice Spring, the famous bank in town可知询问工作地点，故答案为F。
（5）根据前一句 I want to be a teacher可知此处解释想当老师的原因，故答案为A。
【点评】补全对话考查日常交际用语的应用，首先弄清选项的意思，然后通读对话，要紧扣话题，根据上下文逻辑关系进行准确判断。
26-30．【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文大意：短文中作者主要分别介绍了乘飞机、坐火车和汽车出行的优点和缺点。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文“Planes are fast, but it still takes hours to get out of the airport and into the city. ”的描述可知，许多人习惯乘坐飞机的原因是由于它们比较快捷。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据短文“I know it takes a little more time.”的描述可知，乘坐火车需要多花一点时间。 这是火车的不足之处。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据短文“also you can carry many things with you in a car.”的描述可知，如果需要带很多东西，可以乘坐小车。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据短文“But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.”的描述可知，乘坐小车的不足之处是路上车过多。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据短文第一段Planes are fast, but it still takes hours to get out of the airport and into the city.可知，飞机很快，但从机场到城市仍然需要几个小时。故选A。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题常考题型，在做细节题的时候，面对强干扰选项，我们一定要回到原文，再次检索，根据文章提示，找出最符合原文的选项。
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