上海南汇中学2023学年第二学期三月阶段练习
高二英语
满分：140分 考试时间：120分钟
I. Listening Comprehension(25%)
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Tim. B. Sally. C. Linda. D. Jenny
2. A. In a classroom. B. In a restaurant.
C. In a clothes shop. D. In a shoe store.
3. A. It is of good use. B. It is not beautiful.
C. It is too expensive. D. It is of poor quality.
4. A. A book. B. A movie. C. A song. D. A band
5. A. Classmates. B. Friends.
C. Mother and son. D. Teacher and student.
6. A. Look up a word B. Buy a computer.
C. Borrow a dictionary. D. Deal with his e-mail.
7. A. The man’s watch is 15 minutes fast.
B. The man’s watch is 5 minutes fast.
C. The man’s watch is 15 minutes slow.
D. The man’s watch is 5 minutes slow.
8. A. Because the old ones were ugly.
B. Because the old ones were worn.
C. Because the old ones were too small.
D. Because the old ones were uncomfortable.
9. A. She is able to help the man out.
B. She also needs an extra textbook.
C. She picked up the book from the bus driver.
D. She can find the right person to help the man.
10. A. He wasn’t satisfied with his holiday.
B. He hasn’t seen his family for a long time.
C. He had a holiday with his family long ago.
D. He wants to have a long holiday with his family.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To warn people outdoors to get inside.
B. To get people’s attention inside their homes.
C. To inform people without radios about danger.
D. To advise people to go outside and listen carefully.
12. A. To a window. B. To a public shelter.
C. To a higher place. D. To the inside of a building.
13. A. A weather report. B. A warning system.
C. The national weather service. D. The safety steps in bad weather.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Fairy tales. B. Science fictions.
C. Fable books. D. Magic handbooks.
15. A. Speeding up if necessary. B. Practicing precisely and slowly.
C. Playing the piano patiently. D. Playing tricks without being noticed.
16. A. Seeing is believing. B. Curiosity kills the cat.
C. Practice makes perfect. D. Never too old to learn.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She was seriously ill. B. She didn’t go to school.
C. She was late for school. D. She quarreled with her teacher.
18. A. She is a little bit short. B. She looks very beautiful.
C. She is thin with long hair. D. She is slim with blonde hair.
19. A black long skirt. B . A white straight skirt.
C. A skirt with pink spots. D A pink skirt with white stripes.
20 A. The teacher will take Mary home.
B. Mary will come back home by herself.
C. The police will contact the school and find Mary.
D. Mrs. Smith will be informed if the police get the information.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)
Section A(10%)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fit s each blank.
Snow and warm hearts boost Harbin tourism
Known for its winter tourism, Harbin, the capital city of China’s northeastern province of Heilongjiang, has witnessed a significant boom that has caused it to trend on social media this winter.
The number of tourists to Harbin to enjoy ice and snow activities began to increase as 2023 ___1___ (draw) to a close. With the arrival of the New Year’s holiday, Harbin’s popularity soared to new heights. According to the bureau of culture, broadcasting, TV and tourism of Harbin, during the three-day New Year holiday, Harbin received 3.05 million tourists and made revenue of 5.91 billion yuan, both of___2___ reached record highs.
Harbin spared no effort ___3___ (show) its sincerity to tourists. The city went all in, ___4___ (attend) to every detail to provide tourists with the best experience and memories possible. At Harbin Ice and Snow World, a renowned ice-and-snow theme park, a lot of brand new experiences were provided, such as hovercrafts and bicycles on ice, Ferris wheels and hot air balloons. ___5___ arrival, tourists found themselves welcomed with live performances at the airport and temporary dressing rooms lined up for tourists to slide into warm clothing.
Various topics ___6___ (relate) to Harbin have dominated the trending list across different social media platforms. Many of the tourists are from southern China, where ___7___ rarely snows. These tourists from the south are petite compared to locals in Heilongjiang ___8___ they were given an affectionate nickname “southern small potatoes”, which quickly went viral online. Tourists then happily embraced the nickname on social platforms and shared their warm memory about the city. In the era of social media, these details and heartwarming moments shared by tourists really mattered.
The holiday tourism boom in Harbin might as well be ___9___ the domestic tourism market needs to kick off the New Year. Hopefully, such sincerity, hospitality and attention to detail ____10____ be seen across more cities.
【答案】1. drew
2. which 3. to show
4. attending
5. Upon 6. related
7. it 8. so
9. what 10. can
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了哈尔滨迎来旅游热潮，据哈尔滨市文化、广播、电视和旅游局称，在为期三天的新年假期中，哈尔滨市接待了305万游客，创造了59.1亿元的收入，这两个数字都创下了历史新高。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：随着2023年接近尾声，来哈尔滨享受冰雪活动的游客数量开始增加。根据上文began可知为一般过去时。故填drew。
【2题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据哈尔滨市文化、广播、电视和旅游局称，在为期三天的新年假期中，哈尔滨市接待了305万游客，创造了59.1亿元的收入，这两个数字都创下了历史新高。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词3.05 million tourists and made revenue of 5.91 billion yuan，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨不遗余力地向游客展示自己的诚意。短语spare no effort to do sth.表示“不遗余力做某事”。故填to show。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这座城市全力以赴，关注每一个细节，为游客提供最好的体验和记忆。此处attend与逻辑主语city构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填attending。
【5题详解】
考查介词。句意：抵达后，游客们发现自己受到了机场现场表演的欢迎，临时更衣室排着队，供游客穿上保暖的衣服。短语upon arrival表示“一到达”。首字母大写。故填Upon。
【6题详解】
考查形容词。句意：与哈尔滨相关的各种话题在不同的社交媒体平台上占据了热门榜单。短语be related to表示“与……相关”，此处为形容词作后置定语。故填related。
【7题详解】
考查代词。句意：许多游客来自中国南方，那里很少下雪。此处指代上文southern China，应用代词it。故填it。
【8题详解】
考查连词。句意：与黑龙江当地人相比，这些来自南方的游客身材矮小，所以他们被亲切地称为“南方小土豆”，这一绰号迅速在网上疯传。结合前后文语境可知，身材矮小与称为“南方小土豆”为因果关系，应用连词so。故填so。
【9题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：哈尔滨的假日旅游热潮或许正是国内旅游市场在新年伊始所需要的。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what。故填what。
【10题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：希望这种真诚、热情和对细节的关注可以在更多的城市看到。后跟动词原形，表示“可以，能够”应用情态动词can。故填can。
Section B(10%)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. applause B. capturing C. devoted D. driven E. essence F. extends G. marking H. pales I. peer J. stage K. stem
Exploring the Essence of Heroism
Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. But as we ____11____ deeper into the lives of our heroes, we inevitably confront our own need for them and start questioning the ____12____ of heroism itself.
Across diverse cultures, heroes exhibit certain traits that attract and motivate others. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community offering its ____13____. The exploits of the heroes are extraordinary,____14____ the collective imagination of their communities. But a hero goes beyond mere fame. Heroes are like high-voltage(高电压) transformers,____15____ to serving powers or principles larger than themselves, which take the energy of higher powers and channel it for the benefits of ordinary folks.
The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. A crucial test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve If the answer or evidence suggests they are ____16____ solely by a quest for personal renown, they may be famous persons but not heroes.
While figures like Madonna and Michael Jackson command fame, their influence ____17____ in comparison to true heroes. Heroes, by contrast, serve as catalysts (催化剂) for profound societal change. They possess a vision that ____18____ beyond the ordinary. With their skills and charm, they mobilize the masses and pave the way for new opportunities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. It may be possible to ____19____ a large-scale revolution without leaders with personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, and the vision ambiguous.
In conclusion, heroes are not just individuals of genius or originality, but they are also embodiments of selflessness and service to a higher purpose. They breathed new life into unchangeable situations,____20____ the beginning of transformation and progress.
【答案】11. I 12. E
13. A 14. B
15. C 16. D
17. H 18. F
19. J 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了英雄是什么和英雄的意义所在。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：但当我们深入了解英雄们的生活时，我们不可避免地会面对自己对他们的需求，并开始质疑英雄主义本身的本质。根据句意，上文讲我们崇拜英雄，下文出现表转折的连词but，结合选项可知，当我们深入了解，我们也会质疑，动词peer意为“仔细看、端详”，符合句意。故选I项。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：但当我们深入了解英雄们的生活时，我们不可避免地会面对自己对他们的需求，并开始质疑英雄主义本身的本质。根据“we inevitably confront our own need for them and start questioning ”可知，随着深入了解，开始质疑英雄主义本质，名词essence意为“本质”，符合句意，标题Exploring the Essence of Heroism (探索英雄主义的本质)也是提示。故选E项。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：英雄有一个冒险的故事要讲，也有一个为他鼓掌的社区。根据“A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community”可知，社区会为英雄所讲的故事鼓掌，名词applause意为“鼓掌”，符合句意。故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：英雄们的功绩是非凡的，激发了他们所在社区的集体想象力。根据下文“imagination of their communities.”可知，英雄的故事激发了社区人们的想象力，动词capture，意为“引起”，是非谓语动词，和逻辑主语exploit是主动关系，用其现在分词形式，符合句意。故选B项。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：英雄就像高压变压器，致力于为比自己更大力量或原则服务，他们从更高的力量中吸取能量，并将其用于普通人的利益。根据下文“serving powers or principles larger than themselves”可知，英雄致力于服务别人，be devoted to为固定短语，意为“致力于”，这里是非谓语动词，去掉be动词，故选C项。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果答案或证据表明，他们只是被追求个人名声所驱使，那么他们可能是名人，但不是英雄。根据“by a quest for personal renown.”可知，英雄被个人名声驱使，动词driven，意为“被驱使”，符合句意。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：虽然像麦当娜和迈克尔·杰克逊这样的人物很出名，但与真正的英雄相比，他们的影响力相形见绌。根据“While figures like Madonna and Michael Jackson command fame.”可知，和真正英雄相比，明星显得逊色，动词pale，意为“逊色”，一般现在时，单数形式，符合句意。故选H项。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们拥有超越常人的远见。根据“They possess a vision”可知，英雄拥有超常人的远见，动词extend，意为“超越”，先行词是vision，是单数名词，一般现在时，谓语也用单数，符合句意。故选F项。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：在没有个性领袖的情况下，也许可以发动一场大规模的革命，但变革的步伐将会缓慢，前景也会模糊不清。根据“Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire.”可知，没有领袖甘地，可能印度会发动革命，动词stage，意为“组织、使发生”，符合句意。故选J项。
【20题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们为一成不变的局面注入了新的活力，标志着变革和进步的开始。根据“They breathed new life into unchangeable situations”可知，这标志变革和进步的开始，动词mark，意为“标志”，非谓语动词，表自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式作结果状语，符合句意。故选G项。
III. Reading Comprehension(45%)
Section A(15%)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers who loved a good story—one with magic and danger, royalty and villains (恶棍). At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure—a library of old books with tales more appealing than any they had ever heard.____21____, the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they ____22____ their own treasure--a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations to come.
The brother Grimm, Jacob and Wihelm, named their work Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection, which has been translated into more than 160 languages is a publishing ____23____. The stories and characters extended beyond the ____24____, making appearances in various forms of art and culture, from theater to fashion.
Such ____25____ would have shocked the humble Grimms. During their lifetimes, the book sold few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even ____26____ children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales themselves. Jacob and Wihelm Grimm viewed themselves as ____27____ students of folklore. They began their work at a time when Germany had been occupied by the French under Napolean. As young scholars, the brothers Grimms began work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.
Long before the Grimms’ time,____28____ developed in inns, barns, and peasant homes. During winter nights, as they sat spinning wool, women kept each other company and entertained each other with tales of adventure, romance, and magic.____29____, 40 such storytellers delivered tales to the Grimms, many of them coming to their house in Kassel. Although the brothers implied that they were just ____30____ the tales, Wilhelm polished and reshaped them up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more ____31____ to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale, and emphasized gender roles. According to the Grimms, the collection served as “a manual of ____32____.” To this day, parents read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.
So what ____33____ their popularity Some have suggested it is because the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their ____34____. The Grimm’s tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without ____35____ of age or culture. The brother’s skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror whatever moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimm’s fairy tales lived happily ever after.
21. A. Inspired B. Disappointed C. Discouraged D. Relieved
22. A. estimated B. produced C. sacrificed D. stocked
23. A. medium B. partnership C. finding D. wonder
24. A. pages B. screen C. surface D. horizon
25. A. devotion B. wealth C. fame D. perspective
26. A. hidden from B. given to C. aimed at D. adored by
27. A. intelligent B. hardworking C. peculiar D. patriotic
28. A. collection B. storytelling C. entertainment D. literacy
29. A. Besides B. Altogether C. However D. Similarly
30. A. creating B. developing C. reviewing D. recording
31. A. accustomed B. acceptable C. equal D. familiar
32. A. manners B. parentship C. company D. tradition
33. A. results from B. hits on C. accounts for D. responds to
34. A. appeal B. significance C. availability D. origin
35. A. boundaries B. challenges C. trends D. distributions
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要描述了格林兄弟如何收集、编纂并最终出版《格林童话》的过程，以及这本书对后世的影响和重要性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到启发，兄弟俩开始收集自己的故事，听人们讲给他们听的民间故事。A. Inspired启发；B. Disappointed使失望；C. Discouraged使泄气；D. Relieved缓解。根据上文“At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure—a library of old books with tales more appealing than any they had ever heard”可知，在学校里，他们遇到了一位智者，他把他们带到了一个宝藏——一个装满古书的图书馆，受到这个人的启发，兄弟俩开始收集自己的故事。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，他们创造了自己的宝藏——一本童话故事书，将世世代代吸引着远方的数百万人。A. estimated估计；B. produced生产，制造；C. sacrificed牺牲；D. stocked存有。根据下文“their own treasure--a book of fairy tales”可知，兄弟俩创造了自己的宝藏，即一本童话故事书。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书被翻译成160多种语言，堪称出版界的奇迹。A. medium媒介，媒体；B. partnership合作关系；C. finding发现；D. wonder奇迹。根据上文“The collection, which has been translated into more than 160 languages”可知，这本书被翻译成160多种语言，这是出版界的奇迹。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：书中的故事和人物超越了书本，出现在从戏剧到时尚的各种艺术和文化形式中。A. pages页，面；B. screen屏幕；C. surface表面；D. horizon地平线。根据下文“making appearances in various forms of art and culture, from theater to fashion”可知，书中的故事和人物出现在从戏剧到时尚的各种艺术和文化形式中，因此是超越了书本，空格处意为“页，面”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的名声会让谦逊的格林兄弟感到震惊。A. devotion奉献；B. wealth财富；C. fame名声；D. perspective视角，观点。根据上文“The collection, which has been translated into more than 160 languages is a publishing ____3___”可知，这本书被翻译成160多种语言，堪称出版界的奇迹，这种名声让格林兄弟感到震惊。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：早期的版本甚至不是针对儿童的。A. hidden from躲避，避开；B. given to给；C. aimed at针对；D. adored by被喜欢。根据下文“They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales themselves”可知，书中没有插图，学术性的脚注占据了几乎和故事本身一样多的篇幅，由此可见，早期的版本并不是针对儿童的。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：雅各布·格林和威廉·格林自认为是爱国的民俗学学生。A. intelligent聪明的；B. hardworking努力工作的；C. peculiar奇怪的，不寻常的；D. patriotic爱国的。根据下文“As young scholars, the brothers Grimms began work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany”可知，格林兄弟是爱国的。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：早在格林时代之前，讲故事就在小旅馆、谷仓和农民家里发展起来了。A. collection收藏品；B. storytelling讲故事；C. entertainment娱乐；D. literacy识字，读写能力。根据下文“During winter nights, as they sat spinning wool, women kept each other company and entertained each other with tales of adventure, romance, and magic”可知，在格林时代之前，讲故事就发展起来了。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：总共有40个这样的讲故事的人给格林兄弟讲故事，其中许多人去了他们在Kassel的家。A. Besides另外；B. Altogether总共；C. However然而；D. Similarly相似地。根据下文“40 such storytellers delivered tales to the Grimms”可知，总共有40个这样的讲故事的人给格林兄弟讲故事。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管两兄弟暗示他们只是在记录这些故事，但威廉对它们进行了润色和修改，直到1857年的最终版本。A. creating创造；B. developing发展；C. reviewing回顾，反思；D. recording记录。根据第一段“the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them”可知，两兄弟暗示他们只是在记录故事。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了让孩子和父母更容易接受这些故事，他强调了每个故事的寓意，并强调了性别角色。A. accustomed习惯的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. equal平等的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据第6空后的“They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales themselves”可知，起初故事书不适合儿童，因此此处表示“为了让孩子和父母更容易接受这些故事”。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据格林兄弟的说法，这个故事集起到了“礼仪手册”的作用。A. manners礼仪；B. parentship为人父母；C. company公司；D. tradition传统。根据下文“keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents”可知，两兄弟说这个故事集是教给了孩子们礼仪，起到了“礼仪手册”的作用。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那么是什么导致了它们的流行呢？A. results from由……引起；B. hits on突然想到；C. accounts for导致；D. responds to回复。根据下文“Some have suggested it is because the characters are always striving for happiness”可知，此处是问到底是什么导致了这些故事的流行。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真相可能在于它们的起源。A. appeal呼吁；B. significance意义；C. availability可用性；D. origin起源。根据下文“The Grimm’s tales were born out of a storytelling tradition”可知，空后讲的是这些故事是诞生于一个讲故事的传统，因此这些故事流行的原因在于它们的起源。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：格林童话诞生于一种讲故事的传统，没有年龄和文化的界限。A. boundaries界限；B. challenges挑战；C. trends趋势；D. distributions分布。根据下文“The brother’s skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing”可知，这两兄弟的技巧是把这些故事翻译成一种通用的写作风格，因此是没有年龄和文化的界限的。故选A。
Section B(22%)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fit s best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
There is a country — I read about it once — where the local custom is that if you go to a house and praise some small possession, the owners feel obliged to offer it to you as a gift. The only other place I know of with such a custom is my mother’s apartment.
Knowing Mama, I have always been careful with my compliments, but that doesn’t stop her. If she catches me staring at anything small enough to put in a grocery bag, she hands it to me as I leave. It would do no good to protest. “I was merely staring at that photograph of Mount Hood because I have one exactly like it in my living room.” Mama would only nod and say, “Of course. You were thinking how nice it would be to have a set. If a mother doesn’t understand, who does ”
As far as I can remember, Mama was telling people they were in the wrong line of work and suggesting alternative careers. My turn came when I grew up and became a housewife. “You missed your calling,” Mama sighs, examining the doodles (涂鸦) on my phone book. “You should have been an artist.” Later, I tell her how I returned rancid fish to the supermarket and demanded a refund, and she links this to lawyer. I know it’s horsefathers, but I like it.
I have been worrying for weeks now about what to give my mother for Mother’s Day. There is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will bounce swiftly back to the giver. If I buy her something wearable, she perceives in an instant that it could be let in here, let out there, and it would fit me perfectly. If I give her a plant, she cuts off the top for me to take home and root in a glass of water. If I give her something edible, she wants me to stay for lunch and cat it.
Papa, a sensible man, long ago stopped trying to shop for Mama. Instead, on Mother’s Day, her birthday, and other appropriate occasions, he composes a short poem in which he tells of their life. After nearly 30 years of poems, Papa sometimes worries that the edge of his inspiration has dulled, but Mama doesn’t complain. She comes into the room while he is struggling over a gift poem and says, “It doesn’t have to rhyme (押韵) as long as it’s from the heart.”
This year, finally, I think, too, have found a painless gift for Mama. I am going to give her a magazine article, in which I wish her “Happy Mother’s Day” and tell her there’s nothing Papa or I could ever buy, find, or make her that would be half good enough anyway.
36. What can be learned about the “my” mum from Paragraph 2
A. She doesn’t like “my” complements.
B. She doesn’t think I am careful enough.
C. She will give “me” whatever she thinks “I” like.
D. She takes it for granted that “I” love what she has.
37. By “it’s horsefeathers” (paragraph 3), “I” imply that ______.
A. being an artist has always been “my” dream
B. what “my” mother says makes no sense
C. “my” mother knows well about “me”
D. “my” mother is too involved in “my” choices of job
38. Why am “I” worried about “my” gift for Mother’s Day
A. It may well end up in a dustbin.
B. It will hardly satisfy “my” mother.
C. It may be returned to “me” in some way.
D. It will be given to someone else in the neighbourhood.
39. What can be concluded from the passage
A. “I” love “my” mother very much.
B. Being sensible is important for an adult.
C. “My” mother dreams of becoming a poet.
D. “My” father no longer gives “my” mother any gift.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位母亲习惯将被称赞的物品赠予他人，以及女儿为母亲挑选礼物的困扰，最终决定以文章形式表达爱意，展现了母女间深厚情感与幽默的相处之道。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“If she catches me staring at anything small enough to put in a grocery bag, she hands it to me as I leave. It would do no good to protest. “I was merely staring at that photograph of Mount Hood because I have one exactly like it in my living room.” Mama would only nod and say, “Of course. You were thinking how nice it would be to have a set. If a mother doesn’t understand, who does ” (如果她发现我盯着任何小到可以放进购物袋的东西看，她就会在我离开时递给我。抗议是没有用的。“我只是盯着那张胡德山的图片看，因为我的客厅里有一张和它一模一样的。”妈妈只点点头说：“当然。你在想要是有一套就好了。如果一个母亲都不明白，还有谁能明白呢？”)”可知，妈妈会给“我”任何她认为“我”喜欢的东西。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段中“As far as I can remember, Mama was telling people they were in the wrong line of work and suggesting alternative careers. My turn came when I grew up and became a housewife. “You missed your calling,” Mama sighs, examining the doodles (涂鸦) on my phone book. “You should have been an artist.” Later, I tell her how I returned rancid fish to the supermarket and demanded a refund, and she links this to lawyer. (在我的记忆中，妈妈总是告诉人们，他们在错误的行业工作，并建议他们选择其他职业。当我长大成为一名家庭主妇时，轮到我了。‘你错过了你的电话，’妈妈叹息着，检查着我电话簿上的涂鸦。‘你应该成为一名艺术家。’后来，我告诉她我是如何把变质的鱼退回超市并要求退款的，她把这件事联系到了律师。)”可知，文章描述的是作者和母亲的对话，母亲总是对作者的职业选择给出不同的建议，即使作者已经选择了成为家庭主妇，母亲依然认为作者应该成为艺术家。当作者提到自己因为鱼不新鲜而要求超市退款时，母亲又认为作者应该成为律师。可见母亲说的话没有道理。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段中“I have been worrying for weeks now about what to give my mother for Mother’s Day. There is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will bounce swiftly back to the giver. (几个星期以来，我一直在为母亲节送什么礼物给妈妈而烦恼。送给妈妈的礼物会迅速反弹到送礼者身上，这种危险总是存在的。)”可知，“我”担心“我的”母亲节礼物，是因为它可能会以某种方式返回给“我”。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Knowing Mama, I have always been careful with my compliments, but that doesn’t stop her. If she catches me staring at anything small enough to put in a grocery bag, she hands it to me as I leave. It would do no good to protest. (我了解妈妈，我总是小心翼翼地赞美她，但这并没有阻止她。如果她发现我盯着任何小到可以放进购物袋的东西看，她就会在我离开时递给我。抗议是没有用的。)”和最后一段“This year, finally, I think, too, have found a painless gift for Mama. I am going to give her a magazine article, in which I wish her “Happy Mother’s Day” and tell her there’s nothing Papa or I could ever buy, find, or make her that would be half good enough anyway. (今年，我想我也终于给妈妈找到了一份无痛的礼物。我要在杂志上给她写一篇文章，祝她“母亲节快乐”，并告诉她，无论如何，爸爸和我给她买的、找的或做的任何东西都不够好。)”可知，整篇文章通过幽默而温馨的笔触描绘了母女间的关系，文章最后提到“我”打算给妈妈写一篇杂志文章作为礼物，表达对她无以言表的感激和爱，这充分体现了“我”对妈妈的深爱。故选A。
(B)
A postcard is a lovely way to share your thoughts and greetings with someone while you’re traveling of simply want to reach out and connect. Below is a detailed set of instructions outlining the process of composing a postcard:
(1) Select a postcard: Choose a postcard that represents the place you’re visiting or one that has a design that agrees with your message.
(2) Address the recipient: Start by writing the recipient’s name on the left side of the postcard. You can include their full name or just their first name, depending on your relationship with them.
(3) Add an opening greeting: Begin the message with a friendly greeting, such as “Dear”, “Hi”, or “Hello”. Use the recipient’s name if you have a close relationship with them.
(4) Write a concise message: Keep your message brief and focus on the highlights of your trip or the purpose of your communication. Here are a few ideas to get you started:
Describe the sights and experiences: Share a few interesting details about the places you’ve visited, the activities you’ve enjoyed, or any unique experiences you’ve had.
Express your thoughts and feelings: Share your impressions, emotions, or reflections about the location, the people you’ve met, or the overall atmosphere.
Share a funny or memorable events: If something amusing or noteworthy happened during your trip, include it to make the postcard more engaging.
Extend warm wishes: Convey your best wishes or send greetings for a specific occasion like a birthday or holiday. Show the recipient that you’re thinking of them.
(5) Sign off: End your postcard with a closing remark and your name. You can use phrases like “Best regards”, “Warm wishes”, or “Thinking of you”. Remember to sign your name below the closing.
(6) Optional: Add a postscript (P. S.): If you have any additional thoughts, trivia, or recommendations, you can include a P. S. below your signature. It’s a great way to add a personal touch to your postcard.
Remember, the charm of a postcard lies in its simplicity and personal touch. Enjoy the process of writing and sharing your message, and let the recipient know they are in your thoughts wherever you may be.
40. The passage is mainly intended to ______.
A. tell readers how to write a postcard
B comment on the value of postcards
C. give an example of a charming postcard
D. encourage readers to compose more postcards
41. According to the writer, what should be included in an attractive postcard
A. A postscript.
B. A future plan.
C. What you like most about the trip.
D. What you regret in the trip.
42. According to the writer, which of the following is TRUE of a postcard
A. It is recommended to sign off a postcard with your initials.
B. It should include the recipient’s full name in the opening greeting.
C. It is encouraged to choose a design that is in line with the message.
D. Adding a postscript is considered compulsory to provide additional details.
【答案】40. A 41. C 42. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了撰写明信片的步骤和要点，包括选择明信片、写下收件人的地址、写下问候语、写下简洁的信息、签名，以及可选的添加附言。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Below is a detailed set of instructions outlining the process of composing a postcard”（下面是一套详细的明信片制作说明）以及接下来的6点可知，文章主要介绍了写明信片的步骤，因此文章的主要目的是告诉读者如何写明信片。故选A。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第4点后的“Keep your message brief and focus on the highlights of your trip”（信息要简明扼要，重点放在旅行的亮点上）以及最后一段中的“Remember, the charm of a postcard lies in its simplicity and personal touch.”（记住，明信片的魅力在于它的简洁和个人风格）可知，一张吸引人的明信片是简洁而有亮点的。分析四个选项可知，C项“你最喜欢这次旅行的什么”也就是旅行中的亮点，应该包含在明信片中。故选C。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第1点“Select a postcard: Choose a postcard that represents the place you’re visiting or one that has a design that agrees with your message.”（挑选明信片：选择一张能代表你要去的地方的明信片，或者一张设计与你的信息一致的明信片）可知，明信片的设计要与你所要传达的信息相符，也就是说，作者鼓励选择与信息相符的设计。故选C。
(C)
On average, cars sit, doing nothing, 96 percent of the time. That makes them ideal candidates for the sharing economy. The potential to reduce traffic jams is enormous. A handful of car-sharing systems are already having a major impact on the total number of vehicles in our cities. Scholars have estimated that every shared vehicle removes nine to 13 privately owned cars from the streets.
The benefits will grow greatly as autonomous vehicles, that is, self-driving cars, currently available in experimental forms, gain a notable portion of the market. “Your” car could give you a lift to work in the morning and then, rather than sitting in a parking lot, give a lift to someone else in your family—or to anyone else in your neighborhood or social media community.
As a result, a single vehicle could go from one to 24 hours of use a day. A recent paper by our colleagues at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology report s that, under such conditions, the mobility demand of a city like Singapore could be met with only 30 percent of its existing vehicles. In addition to vehicle sharing, autonomy could open up a new wave of ride sharing. Already applications such as Via, uberPOOL and Lyft Line allow different people to share the same ride, cutting operating costs and individual fares. Autonomy could boost ride sharing even more because all trips could be managed online. In cities, the potential for ride sharing is significant, based on analyses by our Sense able City Lab at M. IT.
New York City, for example, is obviously shareable. Our lab’s HubCab project gathered data from 170 million taxi trips involving 13,500 taxis in the city—specifically, the GPS coordinates (协调) for all pickup and drop-off points and corresponding times between the two. We then developed a mathematical model to determine the potential effect of ride sharing applied to those journeys. The project introduced the concept quantitative results revealed how taxi sharing could reduce the number of cars by 40 percent with only rainimal delays for passengers.
Combine car sharing and ride sharing, and a city might get by with just 20 percent the number of cars now in use, with its residents traveling on-demand. Of course, such reductions are theoretical. In real life, they would depend on how willing people are to share rides and adopt self-driving technology. But any drop in the number of vehicles could lower the costs and energy associated with building and maintaining our mobility infrastructure (基础建设). Fewer cars might also mean shorter travel times, fewer traffic jams and a smaller environmental impact.
43. What does the author imply in the first paragraph
A. Car-sharing is still in its infancy.
B. Cars aren’t made full use of at present.
C. Privately-owned cars have decreased by 13%.
D. There have been fewer traffic jams in big cities.
44. According to the passage, which of the following is a benefit brought by autonomous vehicles
A. They can reduce the mobility demand of big cities.
B. They will account for a large portion of the market.
C. They can make it convenient for people to share the same ride.
D. They will raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
45. New York City is an example to illustrate _.
A. how trip-sharing has helped the city
B. how ride-sharing can be put into practice
C. why people are worried about taxi sharing
D. why mathematical models matter in making a city shareable
46. Which conclusion is the author most likely to agree with
A. We should share not only cars but also rides.
B. People have no confidence in self-driving technology.
C. The estimated reductions of cars on streets are theoretically groundless.
D. Our mobility infrastructure cannot support the development of autonomy.
【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是通过结合汽车共享和拼车（乘车共享）的概念，城市可以显著减少所需的汽车数量，进而带来一系列积极的效益，如降低移动基础设施的成本和能源需求、缩短旅行时间、减少交通堵塞和降低环境影响。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“On average, cars sit, doing nothing, 96 percent of the time.(平均而言，96%的时间里，汽车是静止不动的。)”可知，作者在第一段暗示了目前汽车没有得到充分利用。故选B。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Your” car could give you a lift to work in the morning and then, rather than sitting in a parking lot, give a lift to someone else in your family—or to anyone else in your neighborhood or social media community.(“你的”车可以在早上载你去上班，然后让你的家人或邻居或社交媒体社区的其他人搭便车，而不是停在停车场。)”可知，自动驾驶汽车带来的好处是它们可以方便人们共享同一辆车。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Our lab’s HubCab project gathered data from 170 million taxi trips involving 13,500 taxis in the city—specifically, the GPS coordinates (协调) for all pickup and drop-off points and corresponding times between the two. We then developed a mathematical model to determine the potential effect of ride sharing applied to those journeys. The project introduced the concept quantitative results revealed how taxi sharing could reduce the number of cars by 40 percent with only rainimal delays for passengers.(我们实验室的HubCab项目收集了1.7亿次出租车出行的数据，涉及该市的13500辆出租车——具体来说，是所有上下车点的GPS坐标以及两者之间的对应时间。然后，我们开发了一个数学模型来确定拼车应用于这些旅程的潜在影响。该项目引入了这一概念，量化结果显示，出租车共享可以减少40%的汽车数量，而乘客只会受到轻微的延误。)”可知，纽约市是一个例子来说明拼车如何付诸实践。故选B。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Combine car sharing and ride sharing, and a city might get by with just 20 percent the number of cars now in use, with its residents traveling on-demand. Of course, such reductions are theoretical. In real life, they would depend on how willing people are to share rides and adopt self-driving technology.(将汽车共享和拼车结合起来，一个城市可能只需要现有汽车数量的20%，居民就可以按需出行。当然，这样的削减只是理论上的。在现实生活中，这将取决于人们拼车和采用自动驾驶技术的意愿。)”可知，作者最可能同意的结论是我们不仅要分享汽车，还要拼车，故选A。
Section C(8%)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A new technique to work out a corpse’s time of death
In fiction, forensic (法医的) experts presented with a corpse are able to take a bite of their sandwich and instantly pronounce a time of death. Reality is, of course, a lot messier, and the results--or lack of them—can make or break a case.
Now artificial intelligence is offering a helping hand. By analyzing thousands of deaths and what follows, the technology can offer the best estimates so far of PMI, Post-Mortem Interval (尸体死后间隔).
____47____ For decades these specialists have had to rely on intuition, combined with observations of the state of the deceased and clues such as temperature, both of the dead body and the environment. Different bodies decay at different rates, however, and individual circumstances can throw off the most careful PMI calculations. A body found in a ditch in northern England in 2004, for example, was given a wrongly late time of death because the ditch was sheltered from sunlight and the colder-than-expected conditions had helped preserve the corpse.
Forensis-science journals are full of such cases while the potentially useful details of thousands more investigations are buried in case files around the world. ____48____. The result is an AI-powered tool, called geoFOR, that could offer the most reliable estimates of PMI so far. Sandwiches are not included.
Developed by a research team led by Katherine Weisensee at Clemson University in South Carolina, the model is based on data pooled from more than 2,500 death investigations, with more added each week. About 1,800 of these are real-world cases involving the discovery of a body. ____49____ . Corpses here are left to decay for weeks and months under varied circumstances. With their precise PMI known, photos and descriptions of their various states of decomposition over time, along with information about temperature, humidity, wind, soil type and other conditions, have all helped train the AI model.
The results could be used to check alibis and help solve crimes, but they have other uses too. Madeline Atwell, a forensic anthropologist at Clemson University who works on the project, says the model has already helped close several missing-person cases. ____50____ “You match it with missing-person records, and that helps narrow your time frame,” she says.
A. With more cases and examples added to the database, the results will be more reliable.
B. Entering the location allows the AI model to take local weather conditions into consideration.
C. The rest are drawn from forensic experiments at so-called “body farms” in Texas and Tennessee.
D. Combining time of death with when people were last seen alive is very useful in identifying human remains.
E. Working out when a person has died is the most basic but frustratingly imprecise part of a forensic investigator’s work.
F. Now forensic researchers in America are working to collect and access these valuable papers, and to use machine learning to analyze them.
【答案】47. E 48. F 49. C 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人工智能在法医学领域，特别是在估计尸体死亡时间（PMI）方面的应用。
【47题详解】
空后“For decades these specialists have had to rely on intuition, combined with observations of the state of the deceased and clues such as temperature, both of the dead body and the environment. (几十年来，这些专家不得不依靠直觉，结合对死者状态的观察和温度等线索，尸体和环境)”提到了这些专家，空格处应该会出现“专家”，空后这句话说明了专家确认人死亡时间的困难，空格处应该说出他们工作困难，E选项“Working out when a person has died is the most basic but frustratingly imprecise part of a forensic investigator’s work.(确定一个人的死亡时间是法医调查工作中最基本但又令人沮丧的不精确的部分。)”提到了确定一个人的死亡时间是法医调查工作中最基本但又令人沮丧的不精确的部分，引出了后面的困难，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
【48题详解】
空后“The result is an AI-powered tool, called geoFOR, that could offer the most reliable estimates of PMI so far.(结果是一个名为geoFOR的人工智能工具，它可以提供迄今为止最可靠的PMI估计)”说明了一个名为geoFOR的人工智能工具的诞生，空格处应该说研究者们在努力研究，F选项“Now forensic researchers in America are working to collect and access these valuable papers, and to use machine learning to analyze them.(现在，美国的法医研究人员正在努力收集和访问这些有价值的文件，并使用机器学习来分析它们。)”说明了美国的法医研究人员正在努力收集和访问这些有价值的文件，并使用机器学习来分析它们，进而引出研究的结果，即geoFOR，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
【49题详解】
空前“Developed by a research team led by Katherine Weisensee at Clemson University in South Carolina, the model is based on data pooled from more than 2,500 death investigations, with more added each week. About 1,800 of these are real-world cases involving the discovery of a body. (该模型是由南卡罗来纳州Clemson大学的Katherine Weisensee领导的一个研究小组开发的，该模型基于从2500多起死亡调查中收集的数据，每周都会增加更多的数据。其中约有1800起是涉及发现尸体的真实案例)”说明了该模型收集的数据的数量，2500多起中有1800起是涉及发现尸体的真实案例，空格处应该交代其余的是哪里来的数据，C选项“The rest are drawn from forensic experiments at so-called “body farms” in Texas and Tennessee.(其余的则来自德克萨斯州和田纳西州所谓的“尸体农场”的法医实验。)”交代了其余的数据的来源，其中的““body farms” in Texas and Tennessee”和空后的“here”相一致，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【50题详解】
空前“Madeline Atwell, a forensic anthropologist at Clemson University who works on the project, says the model has already helped close several missing-person cases.(Clemson University的法医人类学家Madeline Atwell参与了这个项目，她说这个模型已经帮助结案了几起失踪人口案件)”说明了这个模型已经帮助结案了几起失踪人口案件，空格处应该说这个模型是如何帮助结案的，D选项“Combining time of death with when people were last seen alive is very useful in identifying human remains.(将死亡时间与人们最后一次活着被看到的时间结合起来，对辨认遗骸非常有用。)”说明这个模型是通过将死亡时间与人们最后一次活着被看到的时间结合起来辨认遗骸的，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
IV. Summary Writing(10%)
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The great teen sleeping crisis
A recent study found that only around 50% of US teenagers were getting the seven hours of sleep generally considered necessary. The other half were getting on average two hours less. These are worrying figures indeed, especially when you take into consideration latest recommendations from experts that seven to ten hours is best for teenagers.
One thing we all need to do is to stop blaming teenagers for their sleeping habits, since they do have a biological excuse for their behaviour. It’s all the fault of the hormone melatonin. When melatonin increases through the body, it’s telling us that it’s time to go to bed. The problem is that in teenagers, melatonin is released two hours later than in adults, meaning that they get the call to go to bed much later than their parents. Then, when they’re forced to wake up in the morning, their melatonin levels are still high and their bodies are urging them to stay in bed. That’s why they find it such a struggle to drag themselves out from under the covers.
So what can be done to make life easier for everyone Well, one simple solution would be to start the school day two hours later. In the US, 40% of all teenagers start school before 8 am, which is clearly far too early for the average teenage brain to function properly. If a 10 am start time was implemented, it would give them a much fairer chance.
In addition, teenagers themselves need to take more responsibility for their own sleeping patterns. It’s been proven that people who stick to a regular routine lead far healthier lives. Going to bed and getting up at the same time each day certainly gives your body a head start. Teens can even take a nap in the afternoon if they’re able to make that a regular part of their routine.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A recent study found that a half of US teenagers get seven hours of sleep. But they do have a biological reason for their behaviour, which is all the responsibility of the hormone melatonin. One simple solution would be to start the school day two hours later and teenagers themselves need to take more responsibility for their own sleeping patterns.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，最近的一项研究发现，一半的美国青少年每天睡7个小时。但他们的行为确实有生物学上的借口，这都是褪黑激素的错。一个简单的解决办法就是把上学时间推迟两个小时，青少年自己也需要对自己的睡眠模式承担更多的责任。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①A recent study found that only around 50% of US teenagers were getting the seven hours of sleep generally considered necessary.
②One thing we all need to do is to stop blaming teenagers for their sleeping habits, since they do have a biological excuse for their behaviour. It’s all the fault of the hormone melatonin.
③Well, one simple solution would be to start the school day two hours later.
In addition, teenagers themselves need to take more responsibility for their own sleeping patterns.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
A recent study found that a half of US teenagers get seven hours of sleep.
But they do have a biological reason for their behaviour, which is all the fault of the hormone melatonin.
One simple solution would be to start the school day two hours later and teenagers themselves need to take more responsibility for their own sleeping patterns.
【点睛】[高分句型1] But they do have a biological reason for their behaviour, which is all the responsibility of the hormone melatonin.运用which引导非限制性定语从句对原文第二段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] A recent study found that a half of US teenagers get seven hours of sleep.运用that引导宾语从句对第一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
Ⅴ. Translation (3+3+4+5=15%)
Directions: Thanslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 不可否认的是， 他的成就是伴随着牺牲的。(accompany)(汉译英)
____________________________________________________
【答案】There is no denying that his achievements have been accompanied by sacrifice.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。表示“不可否认的是”应用there is no denying that...，that引导同位语从句；表示“他的成就”应用his achievements；表示“伴随”应用固定搭配be accompanied by，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have；表示“牺牲”应用sacrifice。故翻译成：There is no denying that his achievements have been accompanied by sacrifice.
53. 据传那个有争议的问题引起了广泛的关注。(whisper) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________
【答案】It is whispered that the controversial issue has caused wide public concern.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和名词性从句。“据传”用句型It is whispered that...，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。 “有争议的问题”翻译为controversial issue；“引起了广泛的关注”翻译为cause wide public concern。主句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。从句陈述过去事情对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时。根据句意，故翻译为It is whispered that the controversial issue has caused wide public concern.
54. 鉴于市场竞争的激烈和经济环境的不确定性，我们需要采取一系列可行的措施，以便渡过难关。(given) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________
【答案】Given the fierce competition in the market and the uncertainty of the economic environment, we need to take a series of feasible measures to overcome the difficulties.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词，形容词，名词，短语和不定式。“鉴于”是given，为介词，后面用名词短语，“市场竞争的激烈”是the fierce competition in the market，“……的不确定性”是the uncertainty of，“经济环境”是the economic environment，“和”用and，“需要做某事”是need to do sth.，“一系列的”是a series of，“可行的”是feasible，“采取一系列可行的措施”是take a series of feasible measures，“以便渡过难关”用不定式表目的，“渡过难关”也就是“克服困难”，是overcome the difficulties。故翻译为Given the fierce competition in the market and the uncertainty of the economic environment, we need to take a series of feasible measures to overcome the difficulties.
55. 尽管这位科学家的人生跌宕起伏，但他坚持自己的愿景，始终致力于自己的目标，这最终为他赢得了同行和科学界的掌声。(cling) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________
【答案】Despite the ups and downs in the scientist’s life, he clung to his vision and remained committed to his goals, which ultimately earned him applause from his peers and the scientific community.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词，固定短语，时态和定语从句。“尽管”是despite，让步介词，“跌宕起伏”是the ups and downs，“这位科学家的人生”是in the scientist’s life，“坚持”是cling to，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，cling用过去式clung，“自己的愿景”也就是“他的愿景”，即his vision，“始终致力于”是remain committed to，remain用过去式，“自己的目标”也就是“他的目标”，即his goals，“这最终为他赢得了同行和科学界的掌声”用which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个主句的内容，“最终”是ultimately，“为他赢得了”是earn sb. sth.，earn用过去式，“同行和科学界的掌声”也就是“来自于同行和科学界的掌声”，“掌声”是applause，“来自”是from，“同行”是his peers，“科学界”是the scientific community，“和”用and。故翻译为Despite the ups and downs in the scientist’s life, he clung to his vision and remained committed to his goals, which ultimately earned him applause from his peers and the scientific community.
VI. Guided Writing(25%)
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学学生李华，你的学校最近在征集如何提高学生体育锻炼兴趣的建议。作为学校的一员，你决定写一封信给校长。信件内容包括：
1)你对如何提高学生体育锻炼兴趣提供的建议：
2)提出这些建议的理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Headmaster,
I’m Li Hua a junior student in our school. Student physical exercise has become a focus of attention for governments around the world. Hearing our school is currently soliciting suggestions on how to enhance students’ interest in physical exercise, I’m so thrilled. Here are my suggestions.
First, I suggest including a variety of sports events that cater to different interests and skill levels. This would encourage more students to participate and enjoy the festival. Additionally, I propose that we organize workshops or seminars on sports safety and health, as these are crucial aspects of sports participation that are often overlooked.
By offering a diverse range of sports events, we can ensure that every student has the chance to do their preferred sport and feel included. For another, emphasizing sports safety and health will help create a safer environment for all participants and prevent potential injuries.
Thank you for considering my suggestions
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校长写一封电子邮件，对如何提高学生体育锻炼兴趣提建议，并陈述提出这些建议的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：thrilled→ excited
迎合：cater to→ meet
鼓励：encourage→ motivate/inspire
确保：ensure→ make sure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For another, emphasizing sports safety and health will help create a safer environment for all participants and prevent potential injuries.
拓展句：For another, that we should emphasize sports safety and health will help create a safer environment for all participants and prevent potential injuries.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing our school is currently soliciting suggestions on how to enhance students’ interest in physical exercise, I’m so thrilled. (使用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】For another, emphasizing sports safety and health will help create a safer environment for all participants and prevent potential injuries.. (使用了动名词充当主语)上海南汇中学2023学年第二学期三月阶段练习
高二英语
满分：140分 考试时间：120分钟
I. Listening Comprehension(25%)
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Tim. B. Sally. C. Linda. D. Jenny
2. A. In a classroom. B. In a restaurant.
C. In a clothes shop. D. In a shoe store.
3. A. It is of good use. B. It is not beautiful.
C. It is too expensive. D. It is of poor quality.
4. A. A book. B. A movie. C. A song. D. A band
5. A. Classmates. B. Friends.
C. Mother and son. D. Teacher and student.
6. A. Look up a word B. Buy a computer.
C. Borrow a dictionary. D. Deal with his e-mail.
7. A. The man’s watch is 15 minutes fast.
B. The man’s watch is 5 minutes fast.
C. The man’s watch is 15 minutes slow.
D. The man’s watch is 5 minutes slow.
8. A. Because the old ones were ugly.
B. Because the old ones were worn.
C. Because the old ones were too small.
D. Because the old ones were uncomfortable.
9. A. She is able to help the man out.
B. She also needs an extra textbook.
C. She picked up the book from the bus driver.
D. She can find the right person to help the man.
10. A. He wasn’t satisfied with his holiday.
B. He hasn’t seen his family for a long time.
C. He had a holiday with his family long ago.
D. He wants to have a long holiday with his family.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To warn people outdoors to get inside.
B. To get people’s attention inside their homes.
C. To inform people without radios about danger.
D. To advise people to go outside and listen carefully.
12. A. To a window. B. To a public shelter.
C. To a higher place. D. To the inside of a building.
13. A. A weather report. B. A warning system.
C. The national weather service. D. The safety steps in bad weather.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Fairy tales. B. Science fictions.
C. Fable books. D. Magic handbooks.
15. A. Speeding up if necessary. B. Practicing precisely and slowly.
C. Playing the piano patiently. D. Playing tricks without being noticed.
16. A. Seeing is believing. B. Curiosity kills the cat.
C. Practice makes perfect. D. Never too old to learn.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. She was seriously ill. B. She didn’t go to school.
C. She was late for school. D. She quarreled with her teacher.
18. A. She is a little bit short. B. She looks very beautiful.
C. She is thin with long hair. D. She is slim with blonde hair.
19. A black long skirt. B . A white straight skirt.
C. A skirt with pink spots. D A pink skirt with white stripes.
20. A. The teacher will take Mary home.
B. Mary will come back home by herself.
C. The police will contact the school and find Mary.
D. Mrs. Smith will be informed if the police get the information.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)
Section A(10%)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fit s each blank.
Snow and warm hearts boost Harbin tourism
Known for its winter tourism, Harbin, the capital city of China’s northeastern province of Heilongjiang, has witnessed a significant boom that has caused it to trend on social media this winter.
The number of tourists to Harbin to enjoy ice and snow activities began to increase as 2023 ___1___ (draw) to a close. With the arrival of the New Year’s holiday, Harbin’s popularity soared to new heights. According to the bureau of culture, broadcasting, TV and tourism of Harbin, during the three-day New Year holiday, Harbin received 3.05 million tourists and made revenue of 5.91 billion yuan, both of___2___ reached record highs.
Harbin spared no effort ___3___ (show) its sincerity to tourists. The city went all in, ___4___ (attend) to every detail to provide tourists with the best experience and memories possible. At Harbin Ice and Snow World, a renowned ice-and-snow theme park, a lot of brand new experiences were provided, such as hovercrafts and bicycles on ice, Ferris wheels and hot air balloons. ___5___ arrival, tourists found themselves welcomed with live performances at the airport and temporary dressing rooms lined up for tourists to slide into warm clothing.
Various topics ___6___ (relate) to Harbin have dominated the trending list across different social media platforms. Many of the tourists are from southern China, where ___7___ rarely snows. These tourists from the south are petite compared to locals in Heilongjiang ___8___ they were given an affectionate nickname “southern small potatoes”, which quickly went viral online. Tourists then happily embraced the nickname on social platforms and shared their warm memory about the city. In the era of social media, these details and heartwarming moments shared by tourists really mattered.
The holiday tourism boom in Harbin might as well be ___9___ the domestic tourism market needs to kick off the New Year. Hopefully, such sincerity, hospitality and attention to detail ____10____ be seen across more cities.
Section B(10%)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. applause B. capturing C. devoted D. driven E. essence F. extends G. marking H. pales I. peer J. stage K. stem
Exploring the Essence of Heroism
Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. But as we ____11____ deeper into the lives of our heroes, we inevitably confront our own need for them and start questioning the ____12____ of heroism itself.
Across diverse cultures, heroes exhibit certain traits that attract and motivate others. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community offering its ____13____. The exploits of the heroes are extraordinary,____14____ the collective imagination of their communities. But a hero goes beyond mere fame. Heroes are like high-voltage(高电压) transformers,____15____ to serving powers or principles larger than themselves, which take the energy of higher powers and channel it for the benefits of ordinary folks.
The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. A crucial test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve If the answer or evidence suggests they are ____16____ solely by a quest for personal renown, they may be famous persons but not heroes.
While figures like Madonna and Michael Jackson command fame, their influence ____17____ in comparison to true heroes. Heroes, by contrast, serve as catalysts (催化剂) for profound societal change. They possess a vision that ____18____ beyond the ordinary. With their skills and charm, they mobilize the masses and pave the way for new opportunities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. It may be possible to ____19____ a large-scale revolution without leaders with personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, and the vision ambiguous.
In conclusion, heroes are not just individuals of genius or originality, but they are also embodiments of selflessness and service to a higher purpose. They breathed new life into unchangeable situations,____20____ the beginning of transformation and progress.
III. Reading Comprehension(45%)
Section A(15%)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers who loved a good story—one with magic and danger, royalty and villains (恶棍). At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure—a library of old books with tales more appealing than any they had ever heard.____21____, the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they ____22____ their own treasure--a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations to come.
The brother Grimm, Jacob and Wihelm, named their work Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection, which has been translated into more than 160 languages is a publishing ____23____. The stories and characters extended beyond the ____24____, making appearances in various forms of art and culture, from theater to fashion.
Such ____25____ would have shocked the humble Grimms. During their lifetimes, the book sold few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even ____26____ children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales themselves. Jacob and Wihelm Grimm viewed themselves as ____27____ students of folklore. They began their work at a time when Germany had been occupied by the French under Napolean. As young scholars, the brothers Grimms began work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.
Long before the Grimms’ time,____28____ developed in inns, barns, and peasant homes. During winter nights, as they sat spinning wool, women kept each other company and entertained each other with tales of adventure, romance, and magic.____29____, 40 such storytellers delivered tales to the Grimms, many of them coming to their house in Kassel. Although the brothers implied that they were just ____30____ the tales, Wilhelm polished and reshaped them up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more ____31____ to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale, and emphasized gender roles. According to the Grimms, the collection served as “a manual of ____32____.” To this day, parents read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.
So what ____33____ their popularity Some have suggested it is because the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their ____34____. The Grimm’s tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without ____35____ of age or culture. The brother’s skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror whatever moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimm’s fairy tales lived happily ever after.
21. A. Inspired B. Disappointed C. Discouraged D. Relieved
22. A. estimated B. produced C. sacrificed D. stocked
23. A. medium B. partnership C. finding D. wonder
24. A. pages B. screen C. surface D. horizon
25. A. devotion B. wealth C. fame D. perspective
26. A. hidden from B. given to C. aimed at D. adored by
27. A. intelligent B. hardworking C. peculiar D. patriotic
28. A. collection B. storytelling C. entertainment D. literacy
29. A. Besides B. Altogether C. However D. Similarly
30. A. creating B. developing C. reviewing D. recording
31. A. accustomed B. acceptable C. equal D. familiar
32. A. manners B. parentship C. company D. tradition
33. A. results from B. hits on C. accounts for D. responds to
34. A. appeal B. significance C. availability D. origin
35. A. boundaries B. challenges C. trends D. distributions
Section B(22%)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fit s best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
There is a country — I read about it once — where the local custom is that if you go to a house and praise some small possession, the owners feel obliged to offer it to you as a gift. The only other place I know of with such a custom is my mother’s apartment.
Knowing Mama, I have always been careful with my compliments, but that doesn’t stop her. If she catches me staring at anything small enough to put in a grocery bag, she hands it to me as I leave. It would do no good to protest. “I was merely staring at that photograph of Mount Hood because I have one exactly like it in my living room.” Mama would only nod and say, “Of course. You were thinking how nice it would be to have a set. If a mother doesn’t understand, who does ”
As far as I can remember, Mama was telling people they were in the wrong line of work and suggesting alternative careers. My turn came when I grew up and became a housewife. “You missed your calling,” Mama sighs, examining the doodles (涂鸦) on my phone book. “You should have been an artist.” Later, I tell her how I returned rancid fish to the supermarket and demanded a refund, and she links this to lawyer. I know it’s horsefathers, but I like it.
I have been worrying for weeks now about what to give my mother for Mother’s Day. There is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will bounce swiftly back to the giver. If I buy her something wearable, she perceives in an instant that it could be let in here, let out there, and it would fit me perfectly. If I give her a plant, she cuts off the top for me to take home and root in a glass of water. If I give her something edible, she wants me to stay for lunch and cat it.
Papa, a sensible man, long ago stopped trying to shop for Mama. Instead, on Mother’s Day, her birthday, and other appropriate occasions, he composes a short poem in which he tells of their life. After nearly 30 years of poems, Papa sometimes worries that the edge of his inspiration has dulled, but Mama doesn’t complain. She comes into the room while he is struggling over a gift poem and says, “It doesn’t have to rhyme (押韵) as long as it’s from the heart.”
This year, finally, I think, too, have found a painless gift for Mama. I am going to give her a magazine article, in which I wish her “Happy Mother’s Day” and tell her there’s nothing Papa or I could ever buy, find, or make her that would be half good enough anyway.
36. What can be learned about the “my” mum from Paragraph 2
A. She doesn’t like “my” complements.
B. She doesn’t think I am careful enough.
C. She will give “me” whatever she thinks “I” like.
D. She takes it for granted that “I” love what she has.
37. By “it’s horsefeathers” (paragraph 3), “I” imply that ______.
A. being an artist has always been “my” dream
B. what “my” mother says makes no sense
C. “my” mother knows well about “me”
D. “my” mother is too involved in “my” choices of job
38. Why am “I” worried about “my” gift for Mother’s Day
A. It may well end up in a dustbin.
B. It will hardly satisfy “my” mother.
C. It may be returned to “me” in some way.
D. It will be given to someone else in the neighbourhood.
39. What can be concluded from the passage
A. “I” love “my” mother very much.
B. Being sensible is important for an adult.
C. “My” mother dreams of becoming a poet.
D. “My” father no longer gives “my” mother any gift.
(B)
A postcard is a lovely way to share your thoughts and greetings with someone while you’re traveling of simply want to reach out and connect. Below is a detailed set of instructions outlining the process of composing a postcard:
(1) Select a postcard: Choose a postcard that represents the place you’re visiting or one that has a design that agrees with your message.
(2) Address the recipient: Start by writing the recipient’s name on the left side of the postcard. You can include their full name or just their first name, depending on your relationship with them.
(3) Add an opening greeting: Begin the message with a friendly greeting, such as “Dear”, “Hi”, or “Hello”. Use the recipient’s name if you have a close relationship with them.
(4) Write a concise message: Keep your message brief and focus on the highlights of your trip or the purpose of your communication. Here are a few ideas to get you started:
Describe the sights and experiences: Share a few interesting details about the places you’ve visited, the activities you’ve enjoyed, or any unique experiences you’ve had.
Express your thoughts and feelings: Share your impressions, emotions, or reflections about the location, the people you’ve met, or the overall atmosphere.
Share a funny or memorable events: If something amusing or noteworthy happened during your trip, include it to make the postcard more engaging.
Extend warm wishes: Convey your best wishes or send greetings for a specific occasion like a birthday or holiday. Show the recipient that you’re thinking of them.
(5) Sign off: End your postcard with a closing remark and your name. You can use phrases like “Best regards”, “Warm wishes”, or “Thinking of you”. Remember to sign your name below the closing.
(6) Optional: Add a postscript (P. S.): If you have any additional thoughts, trivia, or recommendations, you can include a P. S. below your signature. It’s a great way to add a personal touch to your postcard.
Remember the charm of a postcard lies in its simplicity and personal touch. Enjoy the process of writing and sharing your message, and let the recipient know they are in your thoughts wherever you may be.
40. The passage is mainly intended to ______.
A. tell readers how to write a postcard
B. comment on the value of postcards
C give an example of a charming postcard
D. encourage readers to compose more postcards
41. According to the writer, what should be included in an attractive postcard
A. A postscript.
B. A future plan.
C. What you like most about the trip.
D. What you regret in the trip.
42. According to the writer, which of the following is TRUE of a postcard
A. It is recommended to sign off a postcard with your initials.
B. It should include the recipient’s full name in the opening greeting.
C. It is encouraged to choose a design that is in line with the message.
D. Adding a postscript is considered compulsory to provide additional details.
(C)
On average cars sit, doing nothing, 96 percent of the time. That makes them ideal candidates for the sharing economy. The potential to reduce traffic jams is enormous. A handful of car-sharing systems are already having a major impact on the total number of vehicles in our cities. Scholars have estimated that every shared vehicle removes nine to 13 privately owned cars from the streets.
The benefits will grow greatly as autonomous vehicles, that is, self-driving cars, currently available in experimental forms, gain a notable portion of the market. “Your” car could give you a lift to work in the morning and then, rather than sitting in a parking lot, give a lift to someone else in your family—or to anyone else in your neighborhood or social media community.
As a result, a single vehicle could go from one to 24 hours of use a day. A recent paper by our colleagues at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology report s that, under such conditions, the mobility demand of a city like Singapore could be met with only 30 percent of its existing vehicles. In addition to vehicle sharing, autonomy could open up a new wave of ride sharing. Already applications such as Via, uberPOOL and Lyft Line allow different people to share the same ride, cutting operating costs and individual fares. Autonomy could boost ride sharing even more because all trips could be managed online. In cities, the potential for ride sharing is significant, based on analyses by our Sense able City Lab at M. IT.
New York City, for example, is obviously shareable. Our lab’s HubCab project gathered data from 170 million taxi trips involving 13,500 taxis in the city—specifically, the GPS coordinates (协调) for all pickup and drop-off points and corresponding times between the two. We then developed a mathematical model to determine the potential effect of ride sharing applied to those journeys. The project introduced the concept quantitative results revealed how taxi sharing could reduce the number of cars by 40 percent with only rainimal delays for passengers.
Combine car sharing and ride sharing, and a city might get by with just 20 percent the number of cars now in use, with its residents traveling on-demand. Of course, such reductions are theoretical. In real life, they would depend on how willing people are to share rides and adopt self-driving technology. But any drop in the number of vehicles could lower the costs and energy associated with building and maintaining our mobility infrastructure (基础建设). Fewer cars might also mean shorter travel times, fewer traffic jams and a smaller environmental impact.
43. What does the author imply in the first paragraph
A. Car-sharing is still in its infancy.
B. Cars aren’t made full use of at present.
C Privately-owned cars have decreased by 13%.
D. There have been fewer traffic jams in big cities.
44. According to the passage which of the following is a benefit brought by autonomous vehicles
A. They can reduce the mobility demand of big cities.
B. They will account for a large portion of the market.
C. They can make it convenient for people to share the same ride.
D. They will raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
45. New York City is an example to illustrate _.
A. how trip-sharing has helped the city
B. how ride-sharing can be put into practice
C. why people are worried about taxi sharing
D. why mathematical models matter in making a city shareable
46. Which conclusion is the author most likely to agree with
A. We should share not only cars but also rides.
B. People have no confidence in self-driving technology.
C. The estimated reductions of cars on streets are theoretically groundless.
D. Our mobility infrastructure cannot support the development of autonomy.
Section C(8%)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A new technique to work out a corpse’s time of death
In fiction, forensic (法医的) experts presented with a corpse are able to take a bite of their sandwich and instantly pronounce a time of death. Reality is, of course, a lot messier, and the results--or lack of them—can make or break a case.
Now artificial intelligence is offering a helping hand. By analyzing thousands of deaths and what follows, the technology can offer the best estimates so far of PMI, Post-Mortem Interval (尸体死后间隔).
____47____ For decades these specialists have had to rely on intuition, combined with observations of the state of the deceased and clues such as temperature, both of the dead body and the environment. Different bodies decay at different rates, however, and individual circumstances can throw off the most careful PMI calculations. A body found in a ditch in northern England in 2004, for example, was given a wrongly late time of death because the ditch was sheltered from sunlight and the colder-than-expected conditions had helped preserve the corpse.
Forensis-science journals are full of such cases while the potentially useful details of thousands more investigations are buried in case files around the world. ____48____. The result is an AI-powered tool, called geoFOR, that could offer the most reliable estimates of PMI so far. Sandwiches are not included.
Developed by a research team led by Katherine Weisensee at Clemson University in South Carolina, the model is based on data pooled from more than 2,500 death investigations, with more added each week. About 1,800 of these are real-world cases involving the discovery of a body. ____49____ . Corpses here are left to decay for weeks and months under varied circumstances. With their precise PMI known, photos and descriptions of their various states of decomposition over time, along with information about temperature, humidity, wind, soil type and other conditions, have all helped train the AI model.
The results could be used to check alibis and help solve crimes, but they have other uses too. Madeline Atwell, a forensic anthropologist at Clemson University who works on the project, says the model has already helped close several missing-person cases. ____50____ “You match it with missing-person records, and that helps narrow your time frame,” she says.
A. With more cases and examples added to the database, the results will be more reliable.
B. Entering the location allows the AI model to take local weather conditions into consideration.
C. The rest are drawn from forensic experiments at so-called “body farms” in Texas and Tennessee.
D. Combining time of death with when people were last seen alive is very useful in identifying human remains.
E. Working out when a person has died is the most basic but frustratingly imprecise part of a forensic investigator’s work.
F. Now forensic researchers in America are working to collect and access these valuable papers, and to use machine learning to analyze them.
IV. Summary Writing(10%)
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The great teen sleeping crisis
A recent study found that only around 50% of US teenagers were getting the seven hours of sleep generally considered necessary. The other half were getting on average two hours less. These are worrying figures indeed, especially when you take into consideration latest recommendations from experts that seven to ten hours is best for teenagers.
One thing we all need to do is to stop blaming teenagers for their sleeping habits, since they do have a biological excuse for their behaviour. It’s all the fault of the hormone melatonin. When melatonin increases through the body, it’s telling us that it’s time to go to bed. The problem is that in teenagers, melatonin is released two hours later than in adults, meaning that they get the call to go to bed much later than their parents. Then, when they’re forced to wake up in the morning, their melatonin levels are still high and their bodies are urging them to stay in bed. That’s why they find it such a struggle to drag themselves out from under the covers.
So what can be done to make life easier for everyone Well, one simple solution would be to start the school day two hours later. In the US, 40% of all teenagers start school before 8 am, which is clearly far too early for the average teenage brain to function properly. If a 10 am start time was implemented, it would give them a much fairer chance.
In addition, teenagers themselves need to take more responsibility for their own sleeping patterns. It’s been proven that people who stick to a regular routine lead far healthier lives. Going to bed and getting up at the same time each day certainly gives your body a head start. Teens can even take a nap in the afternoon if they’re able to make that a regular part of their routine.
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Ⅴ. Translation (3+3+4+5=15%)
Directions: Thanslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 不可否认的是， 他的成就是伴随着牺牲的。(accompany)(汉译英)
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53. 据传那个有争议的问题引起了广泛的关注。(whisper) (汉译英)
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54. 鉴于市场竞争的激烈和经济环境的不确定性，我们需要采取一系列可行的措施，以便渡过难关。(given) (汉译英)
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55. 尽管这位科学家的人生跌宕起伏，但他坚持自己的愿景，始终致力于自己的目标，这最终为他赢得了同行和科学界的掌声。(cling) (汉译英)
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VI. Guided Writing(25%)
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学学生李华，你的学校最近在征集如何提高学生体育锻炼兴趣的建议。作为学校的一员，你决定写一封信给校长。信件内容包括：
1)你对如何提高学生体育锻炼兴趣提供的建议：
2)提出这些建议的理由。
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