2023-2024学年下学期佛山市 S6 高质量发展联盟
高二年级期中联考试卷
英语学科
第二部分 阅读 (共三节, 满分40分)
第一节 阅读理解 (共10小题; 每小题2分, 满分20分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The story of Oprah Winfrey’s life is one of overcoming incredible difficulties and achieving great success. Born into poverty in Mississippi, Winfrey faced numerous challenges throughout her childhood. She was raised by her grandmother, who passed on her a love of reading and a moral duty in work. However, Winfrey was also the victim of abuse and neglect (忽视), both at home and in her community.
Despite these obstacles, Winfrey showed great promise from a young age. At age 19 she became a news anchor (主播) for the local television station, and in 1976 she was made a reporter and co-anchor for the ABC news in Baltimore, Maryland. She found herself limited by the objectivity required of news reporting, and in 1977 she became co-host of the Baltimore morning show People Are Talking.
Winfrey excelled in the casual and personal talk-show format, and in 1984 she moved to Chicago to host the declining talk show AM Chicago. Winfrey’s honest and engaging personality quickly turned the program into a success, and in 1985 it was renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show. Winfrey’s warmth, intelligence, and empathy (同理心) made her a beloved figure to millions of viewers. She used her platform to address important social issues, such as child abuse, domestic violence, and poverty.
Despite her success, Winfrey faced many challenges along the way. She struggled with her weight, and was often criticized for her appearance. She also faced many personal and professional setbacks in her life and work. However, Winfrey refused to give up. She continued to work hard, launching her own production company, Harpo Productions, and starting her own cable network, OWN. She also became a charitarian, donating millions of dollars to charitable causes.
Today, Winfrey is one of the most successful and influential people in the world. She has won lots of awards for her work. She is also a best-selling author and a respected public speaker. Winfrey’s story proves the power of perseverance, hard work, and faith in oneself.
11. What can we infer about Oprah Winfrey when she was young
A. She led a comfortable life.
B. She was brought up by her parents.
C. She worked early to support her family.
D. She was positively impacted by her grandmother.
12. What did Oprah Winfrey start her career as
A. A news anchor. B. A talk show co-anchor.
C. A manager of a company. D. A reporter of a TV station.
13. What do we know about The Oprah Winfrey Show
A. It was Winfrey’s excellent qualities that made it popular.
B. It called on viewers to fight against international crimes.
C. It was meant to help the local citizens.
D. It was designed only for Winfrey.
14. What is the main idea of the text
A. Oprah Winfrey’s struggle against poverty.
B. Oprah Winfrey’s rise to fame and success.
C. Oprah Winfrey’s contributions to society.
D. Oprah Winfrey’s influence on the media industry.
【答案】11. D 12. A 13. A 14. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥普拉·温弗瑞的事迹, 对她的成就和品质给予了高度评价。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“She was raised by her grandmother, who passed on her a love of reading and a moral duty in work.(她是由祖母抚养长大，祖母把对阅读的热爱和对工作的道德责任传给了她。)”可知，奥普拉·温弗瑞是由祖母抚养长大的，祖母把对阅读的热爱和强烈的职业道德传给了她，由此可推知，她受祖母的影响很大。故选D项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“At age 19 she became a news anchor (主播) for the local television station, and in 1976 she was made a reporter and co-anchor for the ABC news in Baltimore, Maryland.(19岁时，她成为当地电视台的新闻主播，1976年，她成为马里兰州巴尔的摩市ABC新闻的记者和联合主播。)”可知，奥普拉·温弗瑞的职业生涯始于新闻主播。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Winfrey excelled in the casual and personal talk-show format, and in 1984 she moved to Chicago to host the declining talk show AM Chicago. Winfrey’s honest and engaging personality quickly turned the program into a success, and in 1985 it was renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show.(Winfrey擅长于非正式的个人脱口秀形式，1984年，她搬到芝加哥，主持每况愈下的脱口秀节目《AM Chicago》。温弗瑞的诚实和迷人的个性很快使这个节目获得了成功，并于1985年更名为《奥普拉·温弗瑞秀》。)”可知, 温弗瑞的诚实和迷人的个性很快使这个节目获得了成功，由此可知，奥普拉·温弗瑞的优秀品质使节目获得了成功。故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“The story of Oprah Winfrey’s life is one of overcoming incredible difficulties and achieving great success.(Oprah Winfrey的一生是一个克服难以置信的困难并取得巨大成功的故事。)”以及下文中文章讲述的奥普拉·温弗瑞如何从贫困中崛起，成为一名成功且有影响力的女性，由此可知，文章的主旨大意是奥普拉·温弗瑞的成名和成功之路。故选B项。
B
Polar bears normally need sea ice to hunt seals, but an isolated (孤立的) group of polar bears living on the mountainous coast of southeast Greenland have figured out how to make a living, even though the sea ice there melts away early in the year.
These bears have found a way to supplement (补充) their limited sea ice supply by hunting on freshwater ice that comes from glaciers on land. The glacial ice falls off in pieces into fjords (峡湾), where the pieces get together into a floating platform that the polar bears use to catch seals, according to a report in the journal Science.
Climate change is making sea ice less and less. “Loss of sea ice is the primary threat to polar bears,” says Kristin Laidre of the University of Washington, lead author of the new study. But, she says, this new work suggests some bears might be able to deal with a decreased amount of sea ice - at least for a while - in places like Greenland where they can take advantage of floating glacier ice.
While local people have long known that bears live in southeast Greenland, it’s a remote, challenging environment that’s not frequented by humans. “It’s a coastline with huge mountain peaks, lots of winds, extreme conditions and plenty of fogs.” says Laidre, who has spent years working with colleagues to survey polar bears living on Greenland’s 1,800-mile-long east coast.
To see what they could find in southeast Greenland, the team had to take helicopters from the nearest settlement and fly for two hours in a straight line to the coast. “We arrived in these fjords, very isolated fjords, and there’s essentially no sea ice or very poor sea ice offshore,” says Laidre, explaining that the researchers expected to find few bears. “But there were a lot of bears in these fjords,” she says. “It was clearly just a unique habitat.”
The sea ice continues to exist in these fjords for only around a hundred days a year, she notes, meaning that bears don’t have much time to use it as a hunting ground.
15. What will happen to pieces of glacial ice after falling off
A. They will gather to block some fjords.
B. They will exist in fjords for only a hundred years.
C. They will float into cold places and never disappear.
D. They will form a platform used by polar bears for food.
16. What is putting polar bears at risk according to the new study
A. Lack of food sources. B. Loss of freshwater ice.
C. Human activities in their habitats. D. Decrease of sea ice due to climate change.
17. What might be the best title for the text
A. Polar Bears Use Floating Glacial Ice to Hunt B. The Exploration of Southeast Greenland
C. Polar Bears Can Survive in Isolated Areas D. The Importance of Sea Ice to Polar Bears
【答案】15. D 16. D 17. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在格陵兰岛东南部多山的海岸上生活着的北极熊，它们主要利用陆地上融化流出的淡水冰川捕猎。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The glacial ice falls off in pieces into fjords, where the pieces get together into a floating platform that the polar bears use to catch seals, according to a report in the journal Science.(根据《科学》杂志上的一篇报道，冰川的冰块一块块地掉到峡湾里，在那里，这些碎片聚集在一起，形成一个漂浮的平台，北极熊用它来捕捉海豹。)”可知，冰川冰块脱落后将会聚集在一起，成为北极熊捕食的平台。故选D项。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Climate change is making sea ice less and less. “Loss of sea ice is the primary threat to polar bears,” says Kristin Laidre of the University of Washington, lead author of the new study.(气候变化使海冰越来越少。“海冰的减少是北极熊面临的主要威胁，”华盛顿大学的克里斯汀·莱德说，他是这项新研究的主要作者。)”可知，气候变化导致海冰减少，而海冰减少是北极熊面临的主要威胁，由此可知，影响北极熊的主要问题是：海冰的减少。故选D项。
【17题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“Polar bears normally need sea ice to hunt seals, but an isolated (孤立的) group of polar bears living on the mountainous coast of southeast Greenland have figured out how to make a living, even though the sea ice there melts away early in the year.(北极熊通常需要海冰来捕猎海豹，但生活在格陵兰岛东南部山区海岸的一群孤立的北极熊已经找到了如何谋生的方法，尽管那里的海冰在每年早些时候都会融化。)”以及文中介绍的由于气候变化导致海冰减少，而生活在格陵兰岛东南部多山的海岸上的北极熊利用漂浮的冰川冰来狩猎，所以本文主要介绍的是北极熊找到了新的谋生的方法，所以，题目“北极熊用漂浮的冰川来捕猎”概括了本文的主要内容，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
C
Social media can lead to mental exhaustion (疲惫). And when mentally exhausted, you are more likely to be influenced by a high number of likes on posts - even to the point of clicking on ads for products you don’t need.
As a professor of advertising, I have studied social media behaviors for years. In late 2022, my colleague Eric Haley and I conducted three online studies on Americans aged 18-65 to test how people under various mental loads respond to ads differently.
The control group in each study were given no introductory task- we just had them look at an ad. A second group had to memorize a nine-digit number and then look at the ad. The third group looked through the Internet for 30 seconds and then looked at the ad. Participants randomly saw an ad with a few hundred likes or tens of thousands of likes. After viewing the ad, each participant rated how willing they would be to buy the product, and how much mental effort it took to think about the information.
The group that used the Internet first were the most likely to want to buy the featured product when there were lots of likes or comments, and they also reported using the most mental effort to assess the ad. Researchers refer to this mentally exhausted state as “cognitive (认知的) overload”. Using social media puts them in this state because they are constantly evaluating different types of texts, photos and video posts from so many different people. All of this evaluating leaves them feeling frazzled.
Imagine asking your roommate if they want to get pizza. Under normal conditions, the roommate might consider several factors such as cost, hunger, timing or their schedule. Now imagine asking your roommate the same question while they are on the phone with a sick relative. They no longer have the mental energy to logically consider whether pizza for dinner is a good idea. They might just yell “Yeah, sure!” while running inside to clean their shoes.
By understanding how social media influences them, consumers can be more thoughtful in regulating their use and hopefully will not buy yet another water bottle they don’t need.
18. How did the author conduct the studies
A. By questionnaire. B. By interview. C. Through the Internet. D. Through observation.
19. What does the underlined word “frazzled” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Excited. B. Depressed. C. Annoyed. D. Tired.
20. Why does the author mention “your roommate” in paragraph 5
A. To further explain cognitive overload.
B. To stress the importance of relationships.
C. To strongly call on people to eat healthily.
D. To remind people not to rely on mobile phones.
【答案】18. C 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现，浏览社交媒体可能会使人精神疲惫，这时候人们更容易购买本来并不需要的产品。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In late 2022, my colleague Eric Haley and I conducted three online studies on Americans aged 18-65 to test how people under various mental loads respond to ads differently.(2022年底，我和同事埃里克·海利对18-65岁的美国人进行了三项在线研究，以测试不同心理负荷下的人对广告的不同反应。)”可知， 作者和同事对研究对象进行了三项在线研究，由此可知，作者是通过网络进行研究的。故选C项。
【19题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前“Researchers refer to this mentally exhausted state as “cognitive (认知的) overload”. Using social media puts them in this state because they are constantly evaluating different types of texts, photos and video posts from so many different people.(研究人员将这种精神疲惫的状态称为“认知超载”。使用社交媒体让他们处于这种状态，因为他们不断地评估来自不同人的不同类型的文本、照片和视频帖子。)”可知，社交媒体让研究对象处于“认知超载”的状态，也就是他们所处的一种精神疲惫状态，因为他们不断地评估来自不同人的不同类型的文本、照片和视频帖子，结合划线单词前的“All of this evaluating leaves them(这些评估使得他们……。)”可推知，画线词的意思和“疲惫的”意义最接近。故选D项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Imagine asking your roommate if they want to get pizza They no longer have the mental energy to logically consider whether pizza for dinner is a good idea.(想象一下，当你问你的室友是否想吃披萨时，他们不再有精力去逻辑地考虑晚餐吃披萨是否是个好主意。)”可知，在问道吃否吃披萨时，是由没有精力去考虑晚餐吃披萨是不是一个好主意，由此可推知，作者提及“你的室友”是为了进一步解释认知超载。故选A项。
第二节 语句排序 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
21. 将下列几个部分 (A、B、C、D和E) 按题号排序, 构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other.
B. While technology has developed over thousands of years, the last century has seen an explosion in it that has influenced fundamental changes in how humans see the world and interact with others.
C. Technology is more than an abstract concept associated with advanced tools and systems. It also shapes the way people behave, grow and develop, both within their own lives and in their relationships with others.
D. However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them. With cell phones, most people think that it’s easier and more convenient to text instead of meeting in person. An article shows that almost 60 percent of people feel disconnected from others around when they are on their phones.
E. Technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills in this sense. Office employees and managers use technology to send e-mails to one another in business. On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint.
______→______→______→______→______
【答案】 ①. C ②. B ③. A ④. E ⑤. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。互联网和移动设备已经彻底改变了人们相互交流的方式，文章对此进行了介绍。
【详解】选项C“技术不仅仅是一个与先进工具和系统相关的抽象概念。它还塑造了人们的行为、成长和发展方式，无论是在他们自己的生活中，还是在他们与他人的关系中。”提出技术会塑造人们的行为、成长和发展方式，选项B“虽然技术已经发展了数千年，但在上个世纪，它发生了爆炸式的发展，影响了人类看待世界和与他人互动方式的根本变化。”提出上个世纪的技术爆炸影响了人类看待世界和与他人互动方式的根本变化，承接了选项C的内容，引出后文选项A“具体来说，互联网和移动设备已经彻底改变了人们相互交流的方式。”中的内容，选项E“从这个意义上说，技术正在帮助人们建立更新和必要的沟通技巧。办公室员工和经理在工作中使用技术向彼此发送电子邮件。在社交媒体上，只要分享一些你的照片，人们就会开始根据他们的观点来交流你的照片。”解释互联网和移动设备如何改变了人们的交流方式，承接选项A，选项D“然而，科技有时被认为使人们与周围的人脱节。有了手机，大多数人认为发短信比面对面见面更容易、更方便。一篇文章显示，近60%的人在玩手机时感觉与周围的人脱节。”和选项E构成转折关系。所以排序应为CBAED。故填①C②B③A④E⑤D。
第三节 选句填空 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How are you feeling today Often when we ask people that question, they reply “not bad”, or “could be worse” ___22___ Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated-but how
Of course there are many treatments for improving our mental health, but sometimes there are small and simple solutions to help improve our wellbeing. It’s something the BBC TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at. ___23___ And maybe they could help us too.
Firstly, to tackle putting on weight and to cut the calories, the programme found sniffing peppermint (嗅薄荷) stops our desire for a snack. Presenter, chef and writer Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall says “a scientific theory called” mutual competition’ shows that a strong smell can distract (分心) our brain from the food we’re thinking about.”
If your addiction to your smartphone is getting you down, it’s suggested that turning your phone screen grey helps you reduce screen time. ___24___ With recent studies showing our phones can make us 26% less productive, it seems easy to try this idea.
___25___ Well the BBC programme found a daily swim in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses. And another way to relax is to leave your smartphone at home, bury yourself in a forest, and breathe in the fresh air. Forest bathing is the perfect medicine for the stresses of urban life.
Other life-improving ideas included things such as singing to reduce pain and moving morel to get away from our sedentary (久坐的) lives. ___26___
A. Fancy a swim in ice-cold water
B. But what would make us feel “perfect”
C. That’s because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at.
D. Spending too much time looking at a screen is known to affect sleep patterns.
E. But whatever action we take, any change to our lifestyle can help improve our health.
F. Holidaying locally is a great way to experience the beauty of where you live in new ways.
G. It gave several health suggestions which the programme’s presenters tried and confirmed.
【答案】22. B 23. G 24. C 25. A 26. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助改善身心健康的方法。
【22题详解】
下文“Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated-but how (也许我们可以通过更健康、更少压力、更有动力来生活得更好——但是怎么做呢 )”说明通过更健康、更少压力、更有动力的生活，我们能生活得更好，选项B“但什么能让我们感觉‘完美’呢 ”引出下文，下文回答了B项的问题，通过更健康、更少压力、更有动力，才能让我们感觉‘完美’。故选B项。
【23题详解】
上文“It’s something the BBC TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at.(这是BBC电视节目《健康生活指南》一直在关注的问题。)”以及下文“And maybe they could help us too.(也许它们也能帮助我们。)”说明BBC电视节目提出了能帮助我们的建议，选项G“它提出了一些保健建议，节目主持人尝试并确认了这些建议。”中的“It”指代上文的“the BBC TV programme”，并引出下文，下文中的“they”指代的是G项中的“several health suggestions”。故选G项。
【24题详解】
上文“If your addiction to your smartphone is getting you down, it’s suggested that turning your phone screen grey helps you reduce screen time.(如果你对智能手机的上瘾让你情绪低落，建议把手机屏幕变成灰色可以帮助你减少屏幕时间)”说明总看智能手机导致情绪低落，建议把手机屏幕变成灰色能帮你少看手机，选项C“那是因为黑白屏幕看起来不那么吸引人了。”承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选C项。
【25题详解】
下文“Well, the BBC programme found a daily swim in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses.(BBC的节目发现每天在冰冷的水中游泳可以让你适应游泳的压力，从而为其他生活压力做好准备。)”说明，选项A“想在冰冷的水中游泳吗？”引出下文，下文进一步解释在冰冷的水中游泳的好处，选项A中的“a swim in ice-cold water”与下文的“a daily swim in freezing water”对应。故选A项。
【26题详解】
上文“Other life-improving ideas included things such as singing to reduce pain and moving morel to get away from our sedentary (久坐的) lives.(其他改善生活的主意包括唱歌来减轻疼痛，通过运动来摆脱久坐的生活。)”说明唱歌和运动也能改善生活，选项E“但无论我们采取什么行动，生活方式的任何改变都有助于改善我们的健康。”是对上文的总结。故选E项。
第三部分 综合应用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you seen the incredible guitar playing of man born with no arms The musician who was born without arms is being ___27___ for his greatest guitar-playing skills in a short documentary (纪实的) video which shows him playing the instrument with his ___28___.
Mark Goffeney, 46 of San Diego, who is ___29___ as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar, shows how he became a talented performer despite his ___30___ in the inspiring video. “I first ___31___ the instrument when I was nine, after my father brought home a beat-up ___32___ with only four strings. My first guitar came from some place like a landfill (垃圾场),” says Mark, who adds that he became “___33___” about becoming a musician at age 12.
Mark devoted every waking hour to searching his town and trying to join a ___34___, but ran into ___35___ because of his disability. Therefore, he started his own rock band, called Wicked Misfit, and began booking gigs (特约演奏) in California.
Things were ____36____ professionally for Mark because of his disability. But everything ____37____ when he started playing music from the heart. “When I ____38____ pursuing this fantasy dream of being a rock star and just started playing music to make whatever milk money I could to support my family, everything started feeling good and ____39____ out for me,” he shares.
Today, Mark ____40____ with his band, Big Toe, and also becomes a street-performer in California, where he makes quite good money ____41____ by passers-by.
27. A. praised B. prepared C. chosen D. named
28. A. arms B. hands C. feet D. fingers
29. A. treated B. ignored C. known D. served
30. A. suffering B. injury C. courage D. disability
31. A. dealt with B. took up C. set down D. picked out
32. A. guitar B. piano C. violin D. drum
33. A. doubtful B. worried C. curious D. serious
34. A. society B. band C. party D. family
35. A. comments B. activities C. difficulties D. chances
36. A. encouraging B. interesting C. easy D. tough
37. A. paused B. changed C. happened D. formed
38. A. stopped B. began C. enjoyed D. finished
39. A. figuring B. working C. looking D. trying
40. A. connects B. meets C. performs D. communicates
41. A. donated B. required C. charged D. raised
【答案】27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. C 41. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了天生失去双臂的音乐家Mark Goffeney靠自己的双脚演奏出动人的音乐，创建了自己的乐队，成为成功的街头艺人。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位天生没有手臂的音乐家在一段简短的纪录片中因其最高超的吉他演奏技巧而受到赞扬，视频中他用脚演奏吉他。A. praised称赞，表扬；B. prepared准备；C. chosen选择；D. named命名。根据上文中的“Have you seen the incredible guitar playing of man born with no arms ”可知，此处使用提问的方式引出本文介绍的是一位天生没有双臂的吉他手，结合下文中的“for his greatest guitar-playing skills in a short documentary (纪实的) video”可推断，此处指的是人们对他高超的演奏技巧大加“称赞”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位天生没有手臂的音乐家在一段简短的纪录片中因其最高超的吉他演奏技巧而受到赞扬，视频中他用脚演奏吉他。A. arms胳膊；B. hands手；C. feet脚；D. fingers手指。根据上文中的“The musician who was born without arms”以及下文中的“Mark Goffeney, 46 of San Diego, who is ___3___ as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar”可知，Mark Goffeney没有双臂，由此可知，此处指的是用“脚”弹奏吉他。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自圣地亚哥46岁的Mark Goffeney因为用脚演奏吉他的方式而被称为“大脚趾”，在这个鼓舞人心的视频中展示了他如何在自身残疾的情况下成为一个有才华的演奏家的。A. treated对待，治疗；B. ignored忽视；C. known知道，把……称作；D. served服务。根据下文中的“as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar”可知，由于他弹奏吉他的方式而被称为“大脚趾”符合语境，be known as意为“被称为”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自圣地亚哥46岁的Mark Goffeney因为用脚演奏吉他的方式而被称为“大脚趾”，在这个鼓舞人心的视频中展示了他如何在自身残疾的情况下成为一个有才华的演奏家的。A. suffering遭遇；B. injury受伤；C. courage勇气；D. disability残疾。根据上文中的“The musician who was born without arms”以及下文中的“because of his disability”可知，他缺失双臂，天生残疾，所以此处指的是“残疾”。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我第一次接受这种乐器是在我九岁的时候，当时我父亲带回家一把只有四根弦的破吉他。我的第一把吉他来自一个类似垃圾填埋场的地方，”Mark说，他补充说，他在12岁时才开始“认真”地想成为一名音乐家。A. dealt with处理；B. took up拿起，接受，开始从事；C. set down记下；D. picked out挑出。根据上文中的first以及下文中的“after my father brought home a beat-up ___6___ with only four strings.”可知，此处描述的是Mark Goffeney初次开始接触吉他的经历。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我第一次接受这种乐器是在我九岁的时候，当时我父亲带回家一把只有四根弦的破吉他。我的第一把吉他来自一个类似垃圾填埋场的地方，”Mark说，他补充说，他在12岁时才开始“认真”地想成为一名音乐家。A. guitar吉他；B. piano钢琴；C. violin小提琴；D. drum鼓。根据语境和下文中的“My first guitar came from some place like a landfill (垃圾场),” says Mark”以及文章内容可知，文中介绍的是Mark没有双臂用脚演奏吉他的故事，所以此处介绍的是他的第一把吉他的来源，由此可知，此处指的是“吉他”。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我第一次接触这种乐器是在我九岁的时候，当时我父亲带回家一把只有四根弦的破吉他。我的第一把吉他来自一个类似垃圾填埋场的地方，”Mark说，他补充说，他在12岁时才开始“认真”地想成为一名音乐家。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. worried担忧的；C. curious好奇的；D. serious认真的，严肃的。根据下文中的“Mark devoted every waking hour to searching his town and trying to join a ___8___ , but ran into ___9___ because of his disability.”可知，Mark把所有醒着的时间搜索小镇尝试加入乐队，由此可推断，此处指的是Mark在12岁开始对成为音乐家这件事变得“认真”起来。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mark把醒着的每一个小时用来在他居住的小镇搜寻，尝试去加入一个乐队，但由于他的残疾，困难重重。A. society社会；B. band乐队；C. party聚会；D. family家庭。根据下文中的“Therefore, he started his own rock band, called Wicked Misfit, and began booking gigs (特约演奏) in California.”可知，他创建了自己的乐队，由此可知，之所以创建自己的乐队是由于加入别的乐队无望，所以此处应为“乐队”。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mark把醒着的每一个小时用来在他居住的小镇搜寻，尝试去加入一个乐队，但由于他的残疾，困难重重。A. comments评论；B. activities活动；C. difficulties困难；D. chances机会。根据常识以及下文中的“because of his disability”可知，由于Mark是残疾人，所以他遇到许多“困难”。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于残疾，Mark的职业生涯很艰难。A. encouraging鼓舞人心的；B. interesting有趣的；C. easy容易的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文中的“because of his disability.”可知，由于他的残疾，他的职业生涯应该是很“艰难”。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他从内心开始演奏音乐时，一切都变了。A. paused暂停；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. formed形成。根据上文中的“Things were ___10___ professionally for Mark because of his disability.”可知，由于残疾，Mark的职业生涯很艰难，结合but以及下文中的“when he started playing music from the heart.”可知，上下文之间为转折关系，虽然职业生涯由于残疾而艰难，但是当他从内心开始演奏音乐时，一切应该是都“改变”了。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他分享说：“当我不再追求成为摇滚明星的梦想，而是开始演奏音乐，赚点牛奶钱来养家糊口时，一切都开始感觉很好，对我来说都很顺利。”A. stopped停止；B. began开始；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. finished完成。根据下文中的“just started playing music to make money to support my family”可知，Mark开始通过音乐谋求生计，由此可知，此处指的是他“停止”追求成为明星的梦想。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他分享说：“当我不再追求成为摇滚明星的梦想，而是开始演奏音乐，赚点牛奶钱来养家糊口时，一切都开始感觉很好，对我来说都很顺利。”A. figuring认为，认定；B. working工作，奏效；C. looking看；D. trying尝试。根据上文中的“everything started feeling good”可知，当Mark改变了想法，所有事情开始好转，work out意为“奏效，好转，顺利”符合语境。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，Mark和他的乐队“大脚趾”一起表演，同时也成为了加州的一名街头表演者，在那里他赚了不少路人捐赠的钱。A. connects连接；B. meets遇到；C. performs表演；D. communicates交流。根据下文中的“with his band, Big Toe, and also becomes a street-performer in California”可知，他和他的乐队成为加利福尼亚的街头艺人，由此可知，此处指的是他和他的乐队一起“表演”。故选C项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，Mark和他的乐队“大脚趾”一起表演，同时也成为了加州的一名街头表演者，在那里他赚了不少路人捐赠的钱。A. donated捐赠；B. required需要；C. charged收费；D. raised提高。根据上文中的“becomes a street- performer”可知，他与乐队成为街头艺人，结合下文中的“by passers-by”可知，他的钱是路人的“捐赠”所得。故选A项。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
The Palace Museum is becoming waste-free as the 720,000-square-meter structure has managed ___42___ (reduce) the number of rubbish bins to 110 sets in areas open to the public. This is a decrease from 310 sets ___43___ (record) in January 2020, when a zero-waste campaign ___44___ (launch), said the museum.
While protecting features of the six-century-old historical relic, the action also helps visitors and tourists get into ___45___ habit of creating less waste. Up to now, four types of rubbish bins have been equipped following Beijing’s regulations on the management of household waste. Cleaning staff also check them to make sure all rubbish is ___46___ (correct) sorted, which is later transported to different destinations for disposal (处理). The museum also recycled more than 32,000 plastic ___47___ (bottle) to make cultural and creative products between June 2021 and October 2023, ___48___ (mean) a reduction in carbon emission by 931 kilograms.
By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a careful, science-based way to waste management. The target is to minimize the production of waste ___49___ needs to be buried or burned and bring the amount of such waste as close ___50___ zero as possible.
So far, about 3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 tourist guides, and 21 million visitors ____51____ (participate) in the campaign.
【答案】42. to reduce
43. recorded
44. was launched
45. the 46. correctly
47. bottles
48. meaning
49. that##which
50. to 51. have participated
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了故宫博物院开展“故宮零废弃”运动的情况。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：72万平方米的故宫博物院已经成功地将开放区域的垃圾箱数量减少到110个，从而实现了零垃圾。manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”为固定搭配。故填to reduce。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该博物馆表示，这比2020年1月发起零浪费运动时记录的310组有所减少。该句的谓语是is，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，record与名词sets之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填recorded。
【44题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该博物馆表示，这比2020年1月发起零浪费运动时记录的310组有所减少。根据时间状语in January 2020可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词launch与主语campaign之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was launched。
45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在保护这座六百年历史遗迹的同时，这一行动也帮助游客和游客养成减少浪费的习惯。根据of creating less waste可知，此处表示特指，以及get into the habit of…“养成……的习惯”为固定搭配。故填the。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：清洁人员也会检查它们，以确保所有垃圾都被正确分类，然后运往不同的目的地进行处理。修饰动词sorted应用副词。故填correctly。
【47题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在2021年6月至2023年10月期间，该博物馆还回收了3.2万多个塑料瓶，用于制作文化创意产品，这意味着减少了931公斤的碳排放。根据32,000可知，此处应用名词复数，作宾语。故填bottles。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在2021年6月至2023年10月期间，该博物馆还回收了3.2万多个塑料瓶，用于制作文化创意产品，这意味着减少了931公斤的碳排放。该句的谓语是recycled，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，mean与前面句子之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：目标是尽量减少需要掩埋或焚烧的废物的产生，并使这类废物的数量尽可能接近于零。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是waste，指代事物，用关系代词that/which引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：目标是尽量减少需要掩埋或焚烧的废物的产生，并使这类废物的数量尽可能接近于零。close to“接近”为固定搭配。故填to。
【51题详解】
考查时态。句意：到目前为止，约有3000名博物馆工作人员、4万名导游和2100万名游客参与了这项活动。根据时间状语So far可知，空处应用现在完成时，表示过去动作对现在造成的影响。主谓一致，故填have participated。
第四部分 词汇基础 (共两节, 满分20分)
第一节 语义匹配 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据句子内容, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。
52. The little boy was not clever enough to grasp what the teacher was trying to explain immediately.
A. set down the teacher’s explanations
B. hear what the teacher was explaining
C. understand the teacher’s explanations
D. imagine what the teacher would explain
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩不够聪明，不能立即领会老师想要解释内容。A. set down the teacher’s explanations把老师的讲解记下来；B. hear what the teacher was explaining听听老师在解释什么；C. understand the teacher’s explanations理解老师的解释；D. imagine what the teacher would explain想象一下老师会怎么解释。结合句意可知，划线短语中的grasp意为“理解，掌握”，“what the teacher was trying to explain”为宾语从句，意为“老师尽力解释的内容”，由此可知，划线部分的意思是“理解老师的解释”。故选C项。
53. In the face of major disasters and difficulties, it is absolutely critical for us to remain together.
A. it is extremely significant for us to hold together
B. it is exceptionally tough for us to help each other
C. it is highly impossible for us to hang on in company
D. it can be awfully dangerous for us to stay in company again
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：面对重大灾难和困难，我们团结一致绝对是至关重要的。划线部分中it为形式主语，to do为真正的主语。划线部分与A项“对我们来说，团结一致是非常重要的”同义。故选A项。
54. As we know, the more one is exposed to the English-speaking environment, the better he or she will learn English.
A. one is passively influenced by the English language
B. one stays in a place where there are foreigners living
C. one goes abroad to learn English in a new environment
D. one is given chances to experience the English-speaking surroundings
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、形容词。句意：正如我们所知，一个人接触英语环境越多，他/她就会学得越好。此处的one指的是“一个人”；be exposed to为固定短语，意为“接触”；English-speaking意为“说英语的”，environment为名词，意为环境，所以这部分为“一个人接触英语环境越多”。选项D“one is given chances to experience the English-speaking surroundings (一个人有机会体验英语环境)”与画线部分意思接近。故选D。
55. I can’t simply believe that Alex was caught cheating in the exam. Everybody knows he is a straightforward boy.
A. He is believed to be a badly-behaved boy.
B. He is known as an honest and upright boy.
C. He is considered to be a simple-minded boy.
D. He is seen as a promising and ambitious boy.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查词句猜测。句意：我简直不能相信亚历克斯在考试中作弊被抓住了。大家都知道他是个直率的男孩。根据“I can’t simply believe that Alex was caught cheating in the exam.(我简直不能相信亚历克斯在考试中作弊被抓住了。)”可知，此处是指大家都知道他是个直率的男孩。故选B。
56. Today is the only day everyone is available, so we shouldn’t put off the meeting.
A. Everyone can be free today B. Everybody may be absent today
C. Everyone should be warned today D. Everybody might be engaged today
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天是唯一一个大家都有空的日子，所以我们不应该推迟会议。A. Everyone can be free today今天每个人都是自由的；B. Everybody may be absent today今天大家可能缺席；C. Everyone should be warned today今天每个人都应该得到警告；D. Everybody might be engaged today今天大家可能都有事。根据句意，划线句子中的“available”作表语，意为“空闲的”，与A选项中的free的意义相近。故选A项。
57. He loves working with other people, because he is a social creature by nature.
A. he is a naturally sociable person
B. he loves nature just as an animal does
C. he likes getting close to nature together with others
D. he is naturally fond of dealing with animals in nature
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查句意辨析。句意：他喜欢和别人一起工作，因为他是天生的社会动物。A. he is a naturally sociable person他天生是个善于交际的人；B. he loves nature just as an animal does他像动物一样热爱大自然；C. he likes getting close to nature together with others他喜欢和别人一起亲近自然；D. he is naturally fond of dealing with animals in nature他天生喜欢和自然界的动物打交道。划线句子的意思是：他是天生的社会动物，与A项意思接近。故选A。
58. Because there was a snowstorm, the students were dismissed early today.
A. the students went to school early today
B. the students began their classes early today
C. the students were allowed to leave school early today
D. the students were forced to finish their homework early at school today
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查句意猜测题。句意：因为有暴风雪，今天学生们很早就下课了。A. the students went to school early today今天学生们很早就去上学了；B. the students began their classes early today学生们今天早早开始上课；C. the students were allowed to leave school early today今天学生们被允许早退；D. the students were forced to finish their homework early at school today学生们今天在学校被迫提前完成作业。根据前文“Because there was a snowstorm”可知，因为有暴风雪，学生们应是很早就放学了，和C项意思相近。故选C项。
59. For the first two days after he broke his arm, he had little freedom from pain.
A. he was almost in a state of pain B. he lost his freedom due to severe pain
C. he had freedom of movement despite pain D. he nearly lost his sense because of sharp pain
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查词句猜测。句意：在他摔断胳膊后的头两天里，他总是疼痛难忍。根据“For the first two days after he broke his arm”可知，此处是指他总是疼痛难忍。故选A。
60. Be creative in the use of a textbook, employing its materials in a variety of ways.
A. editing its contents from different angles B. polishing its resources to everyone’s taste
C. changing its contents with different methods D. making use of its resources in various aspects
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查句意辨析。句意：创造性地使用教科书，以多种方式运用教材的内容。A. editing its contents from different angles从不同角度编辑其内容；B. polishing its resources to everyone’s taste根据每个人的口味打磨资源；C. changing its contents with different methods用不同的方法改变它的内容；D. making use of its resources in various aspects充分利用各方面的资源。划线部分意思为：以多种方式运用教材的内容，和D项意思接近。故选D。
61. She gave a brilliant performance, which won waves of applause from the audience.
A. Her performance was a great success B. She put on an average-level performance
C. She carried out a time-consuming acting D. Her performance was extremely awkward
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查句意辨析。句意：她的表演非常精彩，赢得了观众的阵阵掌声。A. Her performance was a great success她的表演非常成功；B. She put on an average-level performance她的表演水平一般；C. She carried out a time-consuming acting她进行了一次耗时的表演；D. Her performance was extremely awkward她的表演非常笨拙。根据“which won waves of applause from the audience”可知，划线句子的意思是：她的表演非常精彩，即她的表演非常成功。故选A。
第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 用单词的恰当形式填空, 并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
62. Whatever he said, his parents wouldn’t a ________ of him joining the golf club. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】approve##pprove
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：无论他说什么，他父母都不会同意他加入高尔夫俱乐部。根据句意“同意”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词approve，位于情态动词wouldn’t后面，使用动词原形。故填approve。
63. Tom was ________ (失望的) that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disappointed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆到达晚会时，大多数客人已经走了，这使他很失望。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，主语为Tom，表示“失望的”用-ed结尾的形容词disappointed。故填disappointed。
64. Only by working hard can you get a better job in so c________ working places. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】competitive##ompetitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有努力工作，你才能在竞争如此激烈的工作场所找到一份更好的工作。空后是名词短语working places，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是competitive意为“竞争的”符合语境。故填competitive。
65. If what parents say is not ________ (一致) with what they do, it will have a bad effect on their children. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】consistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果父母言行不一，就会对孩子产生不良影响。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“一致”应为consistent符合句意。故填consistent。
66. The first few years in the 21st century has ________ (见证) the rapid rise of China as a world economic power. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】witnessed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：21世纪的头几年见证了中国作为世界经济大国的迅速崛起。根据提示的汉语，表示“见证”应为witness，分析句子结构可知，此处与空前has构成现在完成时态，作句子谓语，且与主语为主动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填witnessed。
67. That young man is honest, cooperative, and always there when you need his help. In short, he’s ________ (可靠的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】reliable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：那个年轻人诚实、合作，当你需要他的帮助时，他总是在那里。简而言之，他是可靠的。根据汉语提示“可靠的”可知，此处为形容词reliable，作表语。故填reliable。
68. Handle that vase ________ (轻轻地) as it will easily break. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】gently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：轻轻地拿那个花瓶，因为它很容易破碎。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词handle，根据提示的汉语，表示“轻轻地”，副词gently符合句意。故填gently。
69. The children were waiting patiently in e________ of their father’s coming back home. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】expectation##xpectation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们耐心地等待着他们的父亲回家。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处为expectation意为“期望”符合句意，此处为不可数名词，in expectation of意为“期待着”。故填expectation。
70. The young man, who had rushed into the fire to save the old man, d________ rewarding. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】deserved##eserved
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和一般过去时。句意：那个冲进火场救老人的年轻人应该得到奖赏。根据“who had rushed into the fire to save the old man”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且根据首字母d可知，此处是指应该得到奖赏，所以应用动词deserve表示“应受”。故填deserved。
71. Would you please keep silent The weather report is being b________ and I want to listen. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】broadcast##roadcast
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：请保持安静好吗？天气预报正在播送，我想听听。根据句意“播送，广播”可知，此处为动词broadcast，结合“is being”可知，空处需填过去分词，构成现在进行时的被动语态。故填broadcast。
第五部分 书面表达 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 句子翻译 (共3小题; 每小题5分, 满分15分)
72. 他坚持要亲自检查一切。(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He insisted on/upon checking everything himself. /He insisted that he (should) check everything himself.
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词或宾语从句。根据句意，表示“坚持”应为insist on或者insist upon，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为insisted on或则insisted upon，表示“检查”应为check作介词on或者upon的宾语，所以此处使用动名词形式checking，表示“一切”应为everything作checking的宾语，表示“亲自”应为反身代词，句子主语为he，所以“亲自”应为himself；根据句意，表示“坚持”为insist，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为insisted，表示“要亲自检查一切”可以使用宾语从句作“insisted”的宾语，从句中的主语应为he，表示“检查一切”应为check everything，insist表示“坚持”，其后宾语从句的谓语动词应为“should+动词原形”，且should可以省略，表示“亲自”应为反身代词，句子主语为he，所以“亲自”应为himself，所以宾语从句应译为he (should) check everything himself，从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导宾语从句。故翻译为He insisted on/upon checking everything himself. /He insisted that he (should) check everything himself.
73. 全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。（汉译英）（汉译英）
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Everyone in the class is expected to actively participate in/join in/engage in/take part in these discussions.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、副词和动词短语以及名词。根据句意，表示“全班同学”应为everyone in the class作主语，位于句首，everyone的首字母需大写，表示“应该”应为be expected to，根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，everyone作主语谓语动词为单数，所以be动词为is，表示“积极”应为actively作状语修饰“参与”，表示“参与”应为participate in/join in/engage in/take part in，位于不定式符号to之后，所以使用动词原形，表示“这些讨论”应为these discussions作宾语。故翻译为Everyone in the class is expected to actively participate in/join in/engage in/take part in these discussions.
74. 这个年轻女孩花费了两年的时间才适应了在英国的生活。(汉译英) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It took the young girl two years to adjust to/adapt to the life in England. ##The young girl spent two years adjusting to/adapting to the life in England. ##It was two years before the young girl adjusted to/adapted to the life in England.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和动词短语。根据所给中文提示词，此句可用固定句型：it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.，根据句意，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，“适应了”可用固定短语：adjust to或者adapt to，译为“It took the young girl two years to adjust to/adapt to the life in England.”，或者用固定句型：sb. spend+时间+doing sth.，译为“The young girl spent two years adjusting to/adapting to the life in England.”，还可用固定句型：it is+时间+before+从句，译为“It was two years before the young girl adjusted to/adapted to the life in England.”。故译为：It took the young girl two years to adjust to/adapt to the life in England. 或者The young girl spent two years adjusting to/adapting to the life in England. 或者It was two years before the young girl adjusted to/adapted to the life in England.
第二节 应用文写作 (满分25分)
75. 假定你是李华，你校要和美国友好学校开展一场线上交流活动，主题为“语言的力量”，现面向全体学生招募线上主持人（online host）。请你给负责人Terry写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 你的优势；
3. 表达愿望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Terry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Terry,
I’m writing to apply for the online host of the upcoming exchange activity between our school and the sister school in the US, with the theme of “The Power of Language”.
I have excellent communication skills and I am good at expressing myself in English. I also have rich experience in hosting activities, which allows me to better control the progress of the event. Moreover, I am very interested in language and culture, and I believe I can bring a fresh perspective to this exchange.
I hope to have the opportunity to be the host and look forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给负责人Terry写一封申请信，申请成为学校要和美国友好学校开展的一场线上交流活动的主持人。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：theme→subject
优秀的：excellent→brilliant
擅长：be good at→be adept at
并且：moreover→furthermore
2句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to apply for the online host of the upcoming exchange activity between our school and the sister school in the US, with the theme of “The Power of Language”.
拓展句：I’m writing to apply for the online host of the upcoming exchange activity between our school and the sister school in the US, the theme of which is “The Power of Language”.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I also have rich experience in hosting activities, which allows me to better control the progress of the event. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Moreover, I am very interested in language and culture, and I believe I can bring a fresh perspective to this exchange. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)2023-2024学年下学期佛山市 S6 高质量发展联盟
高二年级期中联考试卷
英语学科
本试题卷共8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注
第二部分 阅读 (共三节, 满分40分)
第一节 阅读理解 (共10小题; 每小题2分, 满分20分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The story of Oprah Winfrey’s life is one of overcoming incredible difficulties and achieving great success. Born into poverty in Mississippi Winfrey faced numerous challenges throughout her childhood. She was raised by her grandmother, who passed on her a love of reading and a moral duty in work. However, Winfrey was also the victim of abuse and neglect (忽视), both at home and in her community.
Despite these obstacles, Winfrey showed great promise from a young age. At age 19 she became a news anchor (主播) for the local television station, and in 1976 she was made a reporter and co-anchor for the ABC news in Baltimore, Maryland. She found herself limited by the objectivity required of news reporting, and in 1977 she became co-host of the Baltimore morning show People Are Talking.
Winfrey excelled in the casual and personal talk-show format, and in 1984 she moved to Chicago to host the declining talk show AM Chicago. Winfrey’s honest and engaging personality quickly turned the program into a success, and in 1985 it was renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show. Winfrey’s warmth, intelligence, and empathy (同理心) made her a beloved figure to millions of viewers. She used her platform to address important social issues, such as child abuse, domestic violence, and poverty.
Despite her success, Winfrey faced many challenges along the way. She struggled with her weight, and was often criticized for her appearance. She also faced many personal and professional setbacks in her life and work. However, Winfrey refused to give up. She continued to work hard, launching her own production company, Harpo Productions, and starting her own cable network, OWN. She also became a charitarian, donating millions of dollars to charitable causes.
Today, Winfrey is one of the most successful and influential people in the world. She has won lots of awards for her work. She is also a best-selling author and a respected public speaker. Winfrey’s story proves the power of perseverance, hard work, and faith in oneself.
11. What can we infer about Oprah Winfrey when she was young
A. She led a comfortable life.
B. She was brought up by her parents.
C. She worked early to support her family.
D. She was positively impacted by her grandmother.
12. What did Oprah Winfrey start her career as
A. A news anchor. B. A talk show co-anchor.
C. A manager of a company. D. A reporter of a TV station.
13. What do we know about The Oprah Winfrey Show
A. It was Winfrey’s excellent qualities that made it popular.
B. It called on viewers to fight against international crimes.
C. It was meant to help the local citizens.
D. It was designed only for Winfrey.
14. What is the main idea of the text
A. Oprah Winfrey’s struggle against poverty.
B. Oprah Winfrey’s rise to fame and success.
C. Oprah Winfrey’s contributions to society.
D. Oprah Winfrey’s influence on the media industry.
B
Polar bears normally need sea ice to hunt seals, but an isolated (孤立的) group of polar bears living on the mountainous coast of southeast Greenland have figured out how to make a living, even though the sea ice there melts away early in the year.
These bears have found a way to supplement (补充) their limited sea ice supply by hunting on freshwater ice that comes from glaciers on land. The glacial ice falls off in pieces into fjords (峡湾), where the pieces get together into a floating platform that the polar bears use to catch seals, according to a report in the journal Science.
Climate change is making sea ice less and less. “Loss of sea ice is the primary threat to polar bears,” says Kristin Laidre of the University of Washington, lead author of the new study. But, she says, this new work suggests some bears might be able to deal with a decreased amount of sea ice - at least for a while - in places like Greenland where they can take advantage of floating glacier ice.
While local people have long known that bears live in southeast Greenland, it’s a remote, challenging environment that’s not frequented by humans. “It’s a coastline with huge mountain peaks, lots of winds, extreme conditions and plenty of fogs.” says Laidre, who has spent years working with colleagues to survey polar bears living on Greenland’s 1,800-mile-long east coast.
To see what they could find in southeast Greenland, the team had to take helicopters from the nearest settlement and fly for two hours in a straight line to the coast. “We arrived in these fjords, very isolated fjords, and there’s essentially no sea ice or very poor sea ice offshore,” says Laidre, explaining that the researchers expected to find few bears. “But there were a lot of bears in these fjords,” she says. “It was clearly just a unique habitat.”
The sea ice continues to exist in these fjords for only around a hundred days a year, she notes, meaning that bears don’t have much time to use it as a hunting ground.
15. What will happen to pieces of glacial ice after falling off
A. They will gather to block some fjords.
B. They will exist in fjords for only a hundred years.
C. They will float into cold places and never disappear.
D. They will form a platform used by polar bears for food.
16. What is putting polar bears at risk according to the new study
A. Lack of food sources. B. Loss of freshwater ice.
C. Human activities in their habitats. D. Decrease of sea ice due to climate change.
17. What might be the best title for the text
A. Polar Bears Use Floating Glacial Ice to Hunt B. The Exploration of Southeast Greenland
C. Polar Bears Can Survive in Isolated Areas D. The Importance of Sea Ice to Polar Bears
C
Social media can lead to mental exhaustion (疲惫). And when mentally exhausted, you are more likely to be influenced by a high number of likes on posts - even to the point of clicking on ads for products you don’t need.
As a professor of advertising, I have studied social media behaviors for years. In late 2022, my colleague Eric Haley and I conducted three online studies on Americans aged 18-65 to test how people under various mental loads respond to ads differently.
The control group in each study were given no introductory task- we just had them look at an ad. A second group had to memorize a nine-digit number and then look at the ad. The third group looked through the Internet for 30 seconds and then looked at the ad. Participants randomly saw an ad with a few hundred likes or tens of thousands of likes. After viewing the ad, each participant rated how willing they would be to buy the product, and how much mental effort it took to think about the information.
The group that used the Internet first were the most likely to want to buy the featured product when there were lots of likes or comments, and they also reported using the most mental effort to assess the ad. Researchers refer to this mentally exhausted state as “cognitive (认知的) overload”. Using social media puts them in this state because they are constantly evaluating different types of texts, photos and video posts from so many different people. All of this evaluating leaves them feeling frazzled.
Imagine asking your roommate if they want to get pizza. Under normal conditions, the roommate might consider several factors such as cost, hunger, timing or their schedule. Now imagine asking your roommate the same question while they are on the phone with a sick relative. They no longer have the mental energy to logically consider whether pizza for dinner is a good idea. They might just yell “Yeah, sure!” while running inside to clean their shoes.
By understanding how social media influences them, consumers can be more thoughtful in regulating their use and hopefully will not buy yet another water bottle they don’t need.
18. How did the author conduct the studies
A. By questionnaire. B. By interview. C. Through the Internet. D. Through observation.
19. What does the underlined word “frazzled” in paragraph 4 mean
A Excited. B. Depressed. C. Annoyed. D. Tired.
20. Why does the author mention “your roommate” in paragraph 5
A. To further explain cognitive overload.
B. To stress the importance of relationships.
C. To strongly call on people to eat healthily.
D. To remind people not to rely on mobile phones.
第二节 语句排序 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
21. 将下列几个部分 (A、B、C、D和E) 按题号排序, 构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other.
B. While technology has developed over thousands of years, the last century has seen an explosion in it that has influenced fundamental changes in how humans see the world and interact with others.
C. Technology is more than an abstract concept associated with advanced tools and systems. It also shapes the way people behave, grow and develop, both within their own lives and in their relationships with others.
D. However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them. With cell phones, most people think that it’s easier and more convenient to text instead of meeting in person. An article shows that almost 60 percent of people feel disconnected from others around when they are on their phones.
E. Technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills in this sense. Office employees and managers use technology to send e-mails to one another in business. On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint.
______→______→______→______→______
第三节 选句填空 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How are you feeling today Often when we ask people that question, they reply “not bad”, or “could be worse” ___22___ Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated-but how
Of course there are many treatments for improving our mental health, but sometimes there are small and simple solutions to help improve our wellbeing. It’s something the BBC TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at. ___23___ And maybe they could help us too.
Firstly, to tackle putting on weight and to cut the calories, the programme found sniffing peppermint (嗅薄荷) stops our desire for a snack. Presenter, chef and writer Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall says “a scientific theory called” mutual competition’ shows that a strong smell can distract (分心) our brain from the food we’re thinking about.”
If your addiction to your smartphone is getting you down, it’s suggested that turning your phone screen grey helps you reduce screen time. ___24___ With recent studies showing our phones can make us 26% less productive, it seems easy to try this idea.
___25___ Well, the BBC programme found a daily swim in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses. And another way to relax is to leave your smartphone at home, bury yourself in a forest, and breathe in the fresh air. Forest bathing is the perfect medicine for the stresses of urban life.
Other life-improving ideas included things such as singing to reduce pain and moving morel to get away from our sedentary (久坐的) lives. ___26___
A. Fancy a swim in ice-cold water
B. But what would make us feel “perfect”
C. That’s because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at.
D. Spending too much time looking at a screen is known to affect sleep patterns.
E. But whatever action we take any change to our lifestyle can help improve our health.
F. Holidaying locally is a great way to experience the beauty of where you live in new ways.
G. It gave several health suggestions which the programme’s presenters tried and confirmed.
第三部分 综合应用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you seen the incredible guitar playing of man born with no arms The musician who was born without arms is being ___27___ for his greatest guitar-playing skills in a short documentary (纪实的) video which shows him playing the instrument with his ___28___.
Mark Goffeney, 46 of San Diego, who is ___29___ as “Big Toe” because of the way he plays the guitar, shows how he became a talented performer despite his ___30___ in the inspiring video. “I first ___31___ the instrument when I was nine, after my father brought home a beat-up ___32___ with only four strings. My first guitar came from some place like a landfill (垃圾场),” says Mark, who adds that he became “___33___” about becoming a musician at age 12.
Mark devoted every waking hour to searching his town and trying to join a ___34___, but ran into ___35___ because of his disability. Therefore, he started his own rock band, called Wicked Misfit, and began booking gigs (特约演奏) in California.
Things were ____36____ professionally for Mark because of his disability. But everything ____37____ when he started playing music from the heart. “When I ____38____ pursuing this fantasy dream of being a rock star and just started playing music to make whatever milk money I could to support my family, everything started feeling good and ____39____ out for me,” he shares.
Today, Mark ____40____ with his band, Big Toe, and also becomes a street-performer in California, where he makes quite good money ____41____ by passers-by.
27. A. praised B. prepared C. chosen D. named
28. A. arms B. hands C. feet D. fingers
29. A. treated B. ignored C. known D. served
30. A. suffering B. injury C. courage D. disability
31. A. dealt with B. took up C. set down D. picked out
32. A. guitar B. piano C. violin D. drum
33. A. doubtful B. worried C. curious D. serious
34. A. society B. band C. party D. family
35. A. comments B. activities C. difficulties D. chances
36. A. encouraging B. interesting C. easy D. tough
37. A. paused B. changed C. happened D. formed
38. A. stopped B. began C. enjoyed D. finished
39. A. figuring B. working C. looking D. trying
40. A. connects B. meets C. performs D. communicates
41. A. donated B. required C. charged D. raised
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
The Palace Museum is becoming waste-free as the 720,000-square-meter structure has managed ___42___ (reduce) the number of rubbish bins to 110 sets in areas open to the public. This is a decrease from 310 sets ___43___ (record) in January 2020, when a zero-waste campaign ___44___ (launch), said the museum.
While protecting features of the six-century-old historical relic, the action also helps visitors and tourists get into ___45___ habit of creating less waste. Up to now, four types of rubbish bins have been equipped following Beijing’s regulations on the management of household waste. Cleaning staff also check them to make sure all rubbish is ___46___ (correct) sorted, which is later transported to different destinations for disposal (处理). The museum also recycled more than 32,000 plastic ___47___ (bottle) to make cultural and creative products between June 2021 and October 2023, ___48___ (mean) a reduction in carbon emission by 931 kilograms.
By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a careful, science-based way to waste management. The target is to minimize the production of waste ___49___ needs to be buried or burned and bring the amount of such waste as close ___50___ zero as possible.
So far, about 3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 tourist guides, and 21 million visitors ____51____ (participate) in the campaign.
第四部分 词汇基础 (共两节, 满分20分)
第一节 语义匹配 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据句子内容, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。
52. The little boy was not clever enough to grasp what the teacher was trying to explain immediately.
A. set down the teacher’s explanations
B. hear what the teacher was explaining
C. understand the teacher’s explanations
D. imagine what the teacher would explain
53. In the face of major disasters and difficulties, it is absolutely critical for us to remain together.
A. it is extremely significant for us to hold together
B. it is exceptionally tough for us to help each other
C. it is highly impossible for us to hang on in company
D. it can be awfully dangerous for us to stay in company again
54. As we know, the more one is exposed to the English-speaking environment, the better he or she will learn English.
A. one is passively influenced by the English language
B. one stays in a place where there are foreigners living
C. one goes abroad to learn English in a new environment
D. one is given chances to experience the English-speaking surroundings
55. I can’t simply believe that Alex was caught cheating in the exam. Everybody knows he is a straightforward boy.
A. He is believed to be a badly-behaved boy.
B. He is known as an honest and upright boy.
C. He is considered to be a simple-minded boy.
D. He is seen as a promising and ambitious boy.
56. Today is the only day everyone is available, so we shouldn’t put off the meeting.
A. Everyone can be free today B. Everybody may be absent today
C. Everyone should be warned today D. Everybody might be engaged today
57. He loves working with other people, because he is a social creature by nature.
A. he is a naturally sociable person
B. he loves nature just as an animal does
C. he likes getting close to nature together with others
D. he is naturally fond of dealing with animals in nature
58. Because there was a snowstorm, the students were dismissed early today.
A. the students went to school early today
B. the students began their classes early today
C. the students were allowed to leave school early today
D. the students were forced to finish their homework early at school today
59. For the first two days after he broke his arm, he had little freedom from pain.
A he was almost in a state of pain B. he lost his freedom due to severe pain
C. he had freedom of movement despite pain D. he nearly lost his sense because of sharp pain
60. Be creative in the use of a textbook, employing its materials in a variety of ways.
A. editing its contents from different angles B. polishing its resources to everyone’s taste
C. changing its contents with different methods D. making use of its resources in various aspects
61. She gave a brilliant performance, which won waves of applause from the audience.
A. Her performance was a great success B. She put on an average-level performance
C. She carried out a time-consuming acting D. Her performance was extremely awkward
第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 用单词的恰当形式填空, 并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
62. Whatever he said, his parents wouldn’t a ________ of him joining the golf club. (根据首字母单词拼写)
63. Tom was ________ (失望的) that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
64. Only by working hard can you get a better job in so c________ working places. (根据首字母单词拼写)
65. If what parents say is not ________ (一致) with what they do, it will have a bad effect on their children. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
66. The first few years in the 21st century has ________ (见证) the rapid rise of China as a world economic power. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
67. That young man is honest, cooperative, and always there when you need his help. In short, he’s ________ (可靠的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. Handle that vase ________ (轻轻地) as it will easily break. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
69 The children were waiting patiently in e________ of their father’s coming back home. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. The young man, who had rushed into the fire to save the old man, d________ rewarding. (根据首字母单词拼写)
71. Would you please keep silent The weather report is being b________ and I want to listen. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第五部分 书面表达 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 句子翻译 (共3小题; 每小题5分, 满分15分)
72. 他坚持要亲自检查一切。(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________________
73. 全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。（汉译英）（汉译英）
__________________________________________________________________________________
74. 这个年轻女孩花费了两年的时间才适应了在英国的生活。(汉译英) (汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 应用文写作 (满分25分)
75. 假定你是李华，你校要和美国友好学校开展一场线上交流活动，主题为“语言的力量”，现面向全体学生招募线上主持人（online host）。请你给负责人Terry写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 你的优势；
3. 表达愿望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Terry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
