人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and thinking 知识点课件 (共21张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and thinking 知识点课件 (共21张PPT) |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 247.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-18 18:11:48 | ||
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(共21张PPT)
Reading and thinking
课文知识点
1 one of the most feared diseases
2 become frustrated
3 attend to sb
4 lose desire to do sth
5 once and for all
6 in general
7 two contradictory theories
最可怕的疾病之一
变得沮丧
照顾某人
失去做某事的欲望
一劳永逸,彻底地
一般说来
两种截然不同的看法
Important phrases
8 an infection from germs in food or water
9 subscribe to the second theory
10 in two particular streets
11 be determined to find out why
12 begin by marking the exact places
13 multiple deaths near the water pump
食物或水中细菌的感染
赞同第二种看法
在两条特别的街道上
下决心找出原因
从标记确切的位置开始
水泵附近多人死亡
Important phrases (P2)
14 suspect that the water pump is to blame
15 what’s more / moreover
16 have it delivered to her house
17 as a result of the evidence
18 have the handle removed
19 raw waste
怀疑是水泵造成的
而且
让人把它送到她家
由于这个证据
拆掉把手
未经处理的废弃物
Important phrases (P2-P3)
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
para.1
in time 1) 及时地，按时 2) 迟早，终究；最终，最后
例：1. I can't ensure that he will be there in time.
2. You will learn how to do it in time.
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how Cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
para.2
1. It rained so heavily that we had to stay at home.
2. The question is so difficult that we can not work it out.
3. It is so busy a day that we don’t go swimming.
Observe and Find
主语 + 实义动词 + so + 副词 + that 从句
主语 + 系动词（be, become, feel 等）+ so + 形容词 + that 从句
主语 + 系动词 + so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that 从句
Important sentences (P2 ~ P3)
4. I have made so many mistakes that I must stay at home to reflect on them.
5. What a pity! We have got so little money that we can not eat at restaurants.
6. The shirt cost so much that I did not want to take it.
主语 + 谓语 + so + many / few + 可数名词复数 + that 从句
主语 + 谓语 + so + much / little + 不可数名词 + that 从句
主语 + 谓语 + so + many (much, few, little) + that 从句
Observe and Find
Important sentences (P2 ~ P3)
so ... that 用于倒装结构
→ The speaker was so nervous that his legs were trembling.
即学即练
这个演讲者如此紧张，以至于双腿发抖。（翻译）
→ So nervous was the speaker that his legs were trembling.
Important sentences (P2 ~ P3)
Snow began by marking on a map the exact place where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37,38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What is more,in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street.
para.3
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
para.3
It seems that/as if... …表示“看起来…似乎...”
在我看来他似乎什么事都知道了。
It seems to me that he has known everything.
=(He seems to have known everything)
看起来要下雪了。
It seems that/as if it is going to snow.
单句语法填空
(1) __________ seems that most houses have been destroyed by the storm.
(2) It appears __________ he has a talent for playing the piano.
完成句子
(3)________________(事实证明) we were wrong.
(4)____________________（他突然想到） he had an important meeting to attend the next morning. (5)____________________（碰巧）the harvest was bad that year.
It
that
It occurred to him that
It happened that
It turned out that
1、（主语）请/派别人完成某事。如：
We had the machine repaired.
我们请人把机器修好了。
2、（主语）完成某事（可能参与）。如：
They are going to have (=got) some threes planted.
他们打算植些树。
3、（主语）遭受某种不幸的情况。如：
Yesterday I had my wallet stolen.
昨天我的钱包被偷了。
Have sth. done 的语法意义：
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
para.4
待处理的废水，原废水
一个句子作表语的从句叫表语从句
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste
连接表语从句的连接词有：that, whether,what, who, when, where, which, why, how, because, as if...
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.
The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
1
2
1
2
都是定语从句
be likely to do
“可能做某事”
1) He is likely to pass the exam.(改写句式)
2) In desperation, people like Zhang would be very likely to do such extreme things. （翻译句子）
陷于绝望之中，像张某这样的人极可能做出极端的事情。
Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientist study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology
para.5
不懈的努力
大幅减少
死于
为此;正因如此
[ ep di mi l d i]
...the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.
……世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
无生命的名词 +see/find/witness... …见证、目睹某事
有些动词，如 see，find，witness 等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时经历、发生、见证或目睹某事。
Last year witnessed a severe shortage of food.
去年食物严重缺乏。
The city has seen great changes since 1990.
这个城市自 1990 年以来发生了巨大的变化。
英汉互译
这棵古树见证了人们生活水平的提高。
_____________________________________________________________________
(2) 晚上他在寂静的大街上独自徘徊。
_____________________________________________________________________
(3)The last ten years have witnessed great changes in our city.
_________________________________________________
(4)The street light found the girl crying.
_________________________________________________
The old tree has seen the improvement of people’s life.
The quiet street found him wandering alone in the evening.
我们城市在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。
女孩在路灯下哭泣。
Reading and thinking
课文知识点
1 one of the most feared diseases
2 become frustrated
3 attend to sb
4 lose desire to do sth
5 once and for all
6 in general
7 two contradictory theories
最可怕的疾病之一
变得沮丧
照顾某人
失去做某事的欲望
一劳永逸,彻底地
一般说来
两种截然不同的看法
Important phrases
8 an infection from germs in food or water
9 subscribe to the second theory
10 in two particular streets
11 be determined to find out why
12 begin by marking the exact places
13 multiple deaths near the water pump
食物或水中细菌的感染
赞同第二种看法
在两条特别的街道上
下决心找出原因
从标记确切的位置开始
水泵附近多人死亡
Important phrases (P2)
14 suspect that the water pump is to blame
15 what’s more / moreover
16 have it delivered to her house
17 as a result of the evidence
18 have the handle removed
19 raw waste
怀疑是水泵造成的
而且
让人把它送到她家
由于这个证据
拆掉把手
未经处理的废弃物
Important phrases (P2-P3)
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
para.1
in time 1) 及时地，按时 2) 迟早，终究；最终，最后
例：1. I can't ensure that he will be there in time.
2. You will learn how to do it in time.
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how Cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
para.2
1. It rained so heavily that we had to stay at home.
2. The question is so difficult that we can not work it out.
3. It is so busy a day that we don’t go swimming.
Observe and Find
主语 + 实义动词 + so + 副词 + that 从句
主语 + 系动词（be, become, feel 等）+ so + 形容词 + that 从句
主语 + 系动词 + so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that 从句
Important sentences (P2 ~ P3)
4. I have made so many mistakes that I must stay at home to reflect on them.
5. What a pity! We have got so little money that we can not eat at restaurants.
6. The shirt cost so much that I did not want to take it.
主语 + 谓语 + so + many / few + 可数名词复数 + that 从句
主语 + 谓语 + so + much / little + 不可数名词 + that 从句
主语 + 谓语 + so + many (much, few, little) + that 从句
Observe and Find
Important sentences (P2 ~ P3)
so ... that 用于倒装结构
→ The speaker was so nervous that his legs were trembling.
即学即练
这个演讲者如此紧张，以至于双腿发抖。（翻译）
→ So nervous was the speaker that his legs were trembling.
Important sentences (P2 ~ P3)
Snow began by marking on a map the exact place where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37,38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What is more,in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street.
para.3
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
para.3
It seems that/as if... …表示“看起来…似乎...”
在我看来他似乎什么事都知道了。
It seems to me that he has known everything.
=(He seems to have known everything)
看起来要下雪了。
It seems that/as if it is going to snow.
单句语法填空
(1) __________ seems that most houses have been destroyed by the storm.
(2) It appears __________ he has a talent for playing the piano.
完成句子
(3)________________(事实证明) we were wrong.
(4)____________________（他突然想到） he had an important meeting to attend the next morning. (5)____________________（碰巧）the harvest was bad that year.
It
that
It occurred to him that
It happened that
It turned out that
1、（主语）请/派别人完成某事。如：
We had the machine repaired.
我们请人把机器修好了。
2、（主语）完成某事（可能参与）。如：
They are going to have (=got) some threes planted.
他们打算植些树。
3、（主语）遭受某种不幸的情况。如：
Yesterday I had my wallet stolen.
昨天我的钱包被偷了。
Have sth. done 的语法意义：
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
para.4
待处理的废水，原废水
一个句子作表语的从句叫表语从句
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste
连接表语从句的连接词有：that, whether,what, who, when, where, which, why, how, because, as if...
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪.
The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
1
2
1
2
都是定语从句
be likely to do
“可能做某事”
1) He is likely to pass the exam.(改写句式)
2) In desperation, people like Zhang would be very likely to do such extreme things. （翻译句子）
陷于绝望之中，像张某这样的人极可能做出极端的事情。
Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientist study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology
para.5
不懈的努力
大幅减少
死于
为此;正因如此
[ ep di mi l d i]
...the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.
……世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
无生命的名词 +see/find/witness... …见证、目睹某事
有些动词，如 see，find，witness 等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时经历、发生、见证或目睹某事。
Last year witnessed a severe shortage of food.
去年食物严重缺乏。
The city has seen great changes since 1990.
这个城市自 1990 年以来发生了巨大的变化。
英汉互译
这棵古树见证了人们生活水平的提高。
_____________________________________________________________________
(2) 晚上他在寂静的大街上独自徘徊。
_____________________________________________________________________
(3)The last ten years have witnessed great changes in our city.
_________________________________________________
(4)The street light found the girl crying.
_________________________________________________
The old tree has seen the improvement of people’s life.
The quiet street found him wandering alone in the evening.
我们城市在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。
女孩在路灯下哭泣。