2023-2024学年人教版 八年级上册 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 知识清单与习题（含答案）

八上 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation
必会单词
anyone pron.任何人9999
anywhere adv.在任何地方
wonderful adj精彩的,绝妙的
few adj. &pron不多;很少
most adj. adv. & pron.最多;大多数
something pron.某事;某物
nothing pron.没有什么;没有一件东西
everyone pron每人;人人;所有人
myself pron我自己;我本人
yourself pron (pl. yourselves)你自己;您自己
hen n母鸡
pig n.猪
seem v.好像;似乎;看来
bored adj.厌倦的;烦闷的
someone pron.某人
diary n日记;记事簿
enjoyable adj有乐趣的:令人愉快的
activity n.活动
decide v.决定;选定
try v&n尝试;设法;努力
paragliding n.滑翔伞运动
bird n.鸟
bicycle n自行车;脚踏车
building n.建筑物;房子
trader n商人
wonder v想知道;琢磨
difference n.差别;差异
top n.顶部;表面
wait v等待;等候
umbrella n.伞;雨伞
wet adj湿的;潮湿的;下雨的
below prep. &adv在……下面;到……下面
enough adj＆adv.足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)
hungry adj饥饿的
as adv像……一样;如同, conj当……时;如同
hill n.小山;山丘
duck n.鸭
dislike v &n.不喜爱(的事物);厌恶(的事物)
二、常考短语、用法
go on vacation 去度假
stay at home 待在家里
go to the mountains 去山区
go to the beach 去海滩
visit museums 参观博物馆
go to summer camp 去夏令营
quite a few 相当多 ，不少
study for… 为……而学习
go out 出去
most of the time 大部分时间
taste good 尝起来很好吃
have a good time 玩得高兴 ，过得愉快
of course 当然，自然
feel like 给……的感觉；感受到
go shopping 去购物
in the past 在过去
walk around 四处走走
too many 太多
because of 因为
one bowl of… 一碗……
the next day 第二天
drink tea 喝茶
find out 找出；查明
go on 继续
something important 重要的事
up and down 上上下下
come up 出来，升起
take photos 照相
keep a diary 记日记
buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物
taste + adj. 尝起来…… [来源9999
seem+（to be）+ adj. /n. 看起来……
keep doing sth. 继续做某事
arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
try to do sth.尽力去做某事
decide to do sth. 决定去做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
forget to do sth 忘记去做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
want to do sth. 想去做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
Why not do. sth. 为什么不做……呢？
so+adj.+that 从句 如此……以至于……
look+adj. 看起来……
start doing sth 开始做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
How do you like … 你认为…怎么样？
三、基本句型
1. Where did you go on vacation
2.Oh， did you go anywhere interesting
3. How did you like it
4. What a difference a day makes!
5. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop
四、重点语法
复合不定代词 （不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词）
1）构成:由some，any， every，no加上one， body， thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。
one body thing
some 肯定句 someone 某人 somebody 某人 something 某事，某物
any 否定句、疑问句 anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anything 任何事物
every everyone 每人，人人 everybody 每人，人人 everything 每一件事物，一切
no 否定含义 no one 没有人 nobody 没有人 nothing 没有任何东西
含有body和one的复合不定代词 指人 含有thing的复合不定代词 指物
2).用法
(1)复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语，但不能作定语。
There is someone outside the door.(主语)门外有人。
I don’t have anything to say today.(宾语)我今天没什么可说的。
Money isn’t everything.(表语)金钱不是一切。
(2)复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式、else等修饰时，形容词、动词不定式、else等应置于其后。（后置）
I have something important to tell you我有重要的事情要告诉你。
There is nothing wrong with the radio这个收音机没有毛病。
Do you want anything to read 你想读点什么吗
(3)复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Everything begins to grow in spring 春天万物开始生长。
(4)some-不定代词通常用于肯定句中;any-不定代词则多用于否定句或疑问句中。但在表示请求、建议、邀请等
委婉语气的疑问句中，问话者希望得到肯定答复时，常用含有some的不定代词，如 something， somebody，
someone等。
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me 你找人替我扛这个箱子好吗
Would you like something to drink 你想要些喝的东西吗
(5) anyone， anything也可用在肯定句中，前者表示“任何人”，后者表示“任何事”
Anyone can do this.任何人都会做这个。
I can do anything for you.我能为你做任何事
拓展： 辨析
anyone 只指人，不指物，且后面不接of短语
any one 既可指人，又可指物，表示“任何一个”,后面可接of短语
Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their songs.
我们班上任何人都知道这些歌手中的任何一个和他们歌曲中的任何一首。
练习题：
1.（2012 黑龙江绥化）---Excuse me， is there_____ in today's newspaper ---No, nothing.
A something new B new something C anything new
2. （2012 江苏宿迁）—Jack， is there_____ in today’s newspaper ——No, nothing.
A anything important B something important C important anything D important something
3 . -Do you have ____to say for yourself -No, I have ____to say.
A. something everything B nothing something C everything anything D anything nothing
4. -Would you like____ to eat -Thanks, please
A something B anything C. some things D any things
5. Is there_____ else in the classroom ---It's empty. _____ is listening to a speech in the school hall
A anyone; Anyone B anyone; Everyone C. everyone; Anyone D. everyone; Everyone
6.(2015 山东烟台) When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say_______
A. everything B. nothing C something D anything
7. (2016 贵州安顺) ---Is there______ in today’s newspaper ---No, I think everything in it is boring
A interesting anything B somebody interesting C interesting something D anything interesting
8.---How is Lily in the new school ---She is doing very well. There is_______ to worry about
A. nothing B something C. anything
9.(2016 济南)---Sir，______ called you just now. I told him to phone again 20 minutes later ---OK. Thanks，
Nancy A. someone B. nobody C. anyone D. everyone
10.(2016 广西来宾) Dear classmates， may I have your attention, please I have______ to tell you.
A important something B important anything C something important D anything important
11. (2016 山东临沂) Water is important to_______, so there are many water festivals around the world.
A. everyone B. nobody C. somebody D. something
五、知识点解析、拓展
1. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我大部分时只是待在家里读书、休息。(教材2)
most of the time意为“大部分时间”，其中most为代词，意为“大部分;大多数;大体上”。
He spent most of the time taking photos 他把大部分时间花在摄影上。
most of意为“……中的大多数”，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于 most of后的名词或代词的数
Most of the food goes bad 大部分食物变质了。
Most of us are going to the park 我们大多数人要去公园。
拓展:
①most用作形容词，1)可作 many，much的最高级，意为“最多的，最高程度的”，后面可跟可数名词复数
或不可数名词;
2)表示“多数的,大部分的”时，后面可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。
He always has the most need of help他总是最需要帮助的。
Most students in his class like music.他班上的大多数学生喜欢音乐。
②most用作副词时，常置于两个或两个以上音节的形容词或副词前，与之一起构成该词的最高级形式。
Lesson 10 is the most interesting in the book第10课是这本书里最有趣的。
2. 拓展: go+…的短语:
go climbing去爬山
go skating去滑冰
go hiking去远足
go sightseeing去观光
go fishing去钓鱼
go swimming去游泳
go camping去野营
go surfing去冲浪
go bike riding骑自行车旅行
go boating去划船
go shopping 去购物
go walking 去散步
go jogging 去慢跑
go running 去跑步
3. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.
因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。(教材5)
(1)over介词，意为“多于;超过;在….以上(表示数目、程度)”，相当于 more than
My father is over40 years old.我爸爸四十多岁了。
拓展: ①over表示“在……之上”，与物体垂直且不接触，反义词为 under。
There is a map over the blackboard 黑板正上方有一幅地图。
②over表示“从(某物的)一边到另一边”。
There is a stone bridge over the river.河上面有一座石桥
③over表示“通过”。
I hear the news over the radio 我通过收音机听新闻。
④over表示“遍及”。
TFBOYS is popular all over China TFBOYS在全国都很受欢迎
(2)辨析: too many， too much与 much too
too many 修饰可数名词复数，意为“太多”,作定语，
Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.昨天妈妈买了太多的鸡蛋。
too much 修饰不可数名词，意为“太多”;作定语 We have too much work to do.我们有太多工作要做
还可修饰动词，作状语 Don’t talk too much 不要说得太多。
much too 修饰形容词或副词，意为“太”
Everything was much too expensive, so I bought nothing所有东西都太贵了，所以我什么也没买。
You're walking much too fast 你走得太快了。
4. 拓展: 与come相关的短语
come up升起;发生
come down下降，下落
come out出版;发生;出来;开花
come in进来
come over过来
come true实现，成为现实
come up with想出(主意)
come on赶快，加油
come along进展;一起去
六、单元习题
1. He went into his room and_____ to work. A begins B began C. beginning D to begin
2.（2012山东源坊）--- Does the soup____ nice —Yes ， It's hot, but really delicious.
A sound B feel C look D. taste
3. （2011 新疆）--- September 10th is_____ Day in China, isn’t it —Yes, it is
A . A teacher B Teachers’ C Teacher D. Teachers
4.（长春中考） I enjoy____ my bike in the mountains. It's not always easy, but exciting.
A. ride B. rode C. to ride D. riding
5. （2012：山东威海中考模拟） Why don’t you ____your friends to the party I want to meet them.
A. bring B. brings C, leaves D. take
6. （2011 湖南怀化）---Don’t forget____ your homework, John. —- OK. I'll do it right now.
A doing B do C. to do
7. （2011 山东泰安）－I feel tired and sleepy. -—Why not stop____ for a while
A. rest B to rest C. resting D rested
8. （2012 江苏徐州） —Why not____ John a toy car for his birthday —Goal idea! He is crazy about cars.
A buy B buying C to buy D buys
9.（2012 辽宁大连中考改编） Project Hope built（建造） many schools_____ big classrooms and libraries.
A in B of C for D. with
10. （2012 黑龙江绥化） The soccer match was＿____exciting that everyone was cheering and jumping.
A very B. so C. too
11.（2011 重庆江津） Teachers always tell me_____ computer games too much.
A not to play B to play C not play D. plays
12. （2012 天津） I have been to Shanghai．I____ there last month. A go B went C have gone D will go
13. Paul and I_____ tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. A Play B will play C played Dare playing
14..-what did Mr. Smith do before he came to China ——He_____ in a car factory.
A worked B works C. is working D. will work
单项填空
6. I don't want to go to the museum, it's too______. A relaxing B, boring C bored D beautiful
7. On weekends, I have nothing to do but ___TV. A watches B, to watch C watching D watch
8. I didn't go to the mountains_____ the bad weather A. so B because of C, because D. but
9, Do you enjoy_____ photos A. to take B, take C taking D, takes
10. Yesterday afternoon, we____ to the park. A, went B go C, goes D goed
11.It's cold, so we decided_____ at home. A stay B, to stay C, staying D stayed
12. Don't forget_____ your homework tomorrow A, bring B, to bring C, brought D. bringing
13. She didn't_____ me about it. A. told B, tell C, telling D. tells
14, ——Where____ she ____on vacation ——She visited her uncle.
A did go B, does go C, did; went D, does went
15. -How was your summer camp in Beijing last year ——______.I had a good time with my friends.
A. Awful B Great C Expensive D. Not good
句型转换
16. I did my homework yesterday．（改为否定句）I______ _______ my homework yesterday.
17. She went to New York on vacation.(就画线部分提问）________did she________ on vacation
18． Vera visited the Great Wall last Sunday（改为一般疑问句）
______Vera______ the Great Wall last Sunday
19． He went to the beach last week．（就画线部分提问）
_______ ________he______ last week
20． The students had great fun in the park．（改为同义句）
The students______ ______ ________ ______ in the park
1. ---Would you help us make a plan to explore Tibet ---_______
A. No, thanks B. Yes. of course C. It's very kind of you
2. I will call you as soon as I arrive in Guilin (找同义词)？
A. get to B. reach to C get D. arrive
3. The Smiths have decided_____ a house near the sea A buy B bought C buying D to buy
4.(2016 黑龙江齐齐哈尔) We feel like_____ some food and drink because we'll invite some friends_____ in a party.
A. buying; to join B to buy; joining C buying; join
5.Everyone was______ when they heard the____ news A exciting; exciting B. excited; exciting C exciting; excited
6.My old neighbor Charles enjoys______ photos. He always goes out with his camera
A take B to take C taking D took
7.---Making paper bottles Wow,______ great idea! ---Thank you. We may use less plastic in this way
A how B what C what an D. what a
8.---what's this ---Oh, my God! It's a gift for James. I forgot______ it this afternoon. A to post B. posting C post
9. The book is______ interesting_______ I can’t put it down A. so: that B. such: that C. too: to D very; that
10.---Would you like to go swimming in the river, John ---Swim Sorry, our teachers always tell us_____in the river alone A. didn’t swim B. to not swim C not swimming D. not to swim
11. (2016 北京)- --Where did you go last weekend ---I ______to the Great Wall
A. go B. went C will go D have gone
12.(2016 长沙)---Your coat fits you well. ---Thank you. I_____ it when I was on vacation
A have bought B buy C bought
七、书面表达
假如你去年夏天去北京度假，游览过许多地方。请以 My Vacation to Beijing为题，写篇80词左右的游记。
内容包括:
1.旅游景点( the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, Tian'anmen Square, a Beijing hutong, Beihai Park)
2.天气和活动;
3.感受…….
My Vacation to Beijing
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
八、语法专练：复合不定代词 （鞍山2014.52）考查题型：单选、完型、12-10
28.(2018抚顺13题) It seems that_______ is wrong with the computer. I will get it repaired soon,
A nothing B,. something C. anything D. everything
29，(2017本溪8题) Mr.Li looked for you just now. He seemed to have_______ important to tell you
A nothing B anything C. something D. everything
30.(2013抚顺2题)---Kate， can we start at 8:00a.m. ---Yes,______ is ready for the trip
A. Anything B. Everything C. Something D. Nothing
31.(2017朝阳24题)--- Who helped you clean the bed-room yesterday, Kitty ---_______. I cleaned it all by myself
A. Nobody B. Everybody C. Somebody D. Anybody
32.(2016阜新4题) There isn’t_______ in the classroom. They’re in the physics laboratory now
A somebody B anybody C. nobody D everybody
33.(2015葫芦岛2题) I didn’t sleep well because_______ suddenly knocked on the door just now.
A somebody B. nobody C. anybody D everybody
34.(2014朝阳27题)---Good afternoon， class. Is_______ here ---No. sir. Peter is absent
A. anybody B everybody C nobody D. somebody
39.(2018随州)---I’ m worried about tomorrow’s talent show. ---Be confident! If you don't believe in yourself, _____ will. A. nobody B. anybody C. everybody D. somebody
40.(2018抚顺模拟)- --What a bad day! ---Everyone has one of those days when______ goes right
A nothing B. anything C everything D. something
41.(2018抚顺模拟)—Is______ OK, Bill ---No, Mom. My math is not as good as it before
A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
42.(2018抚本铁辽葫十模) Attention please， everyone. Our teacher has______ important to tell us
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
43(2018抚本铁辽葫三模)Look， the light is still on. Maybe_____ is working there
A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D no one
参考答案
四、CADAB DDAAC A
六、1-10 BDBDA CBADB 11-14ABCA
6．B 7． D 8． B 9．C 10．A 11． B 12． B 13．B 14．A 15．B
16. didn’t do 17. Where, go18 Did, visit 19. What did, do20. had a great time
1-12BADAB CDAAD BC
七、范文
My Vacation to Beijing
Last summer, I went to BeiJing on vacation with my father . It was sunny and hot. First we
visited the Great Wall. It is really the longest wall in the world. There were a lot of people there.
The next day, we visited the Palace Museum and Tian'anmen Square. We took many photos
there. We also visited some other interesting places in Beijing such as a Beijing hutong and
Beihai Park. We had a great time in Beijing. I hope to go there again.
八、BCBAB ABAAB DB