中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came.
这几天天气有点热，一位大妈上了空调车投了一块钱。
司机说：“两块。”
大妈说：“是的，凉快。”
司机说：“空调车两块！”
大妈答：“空调车是凉快。”
司机又说：“投两块！”
大妈笑说：“不光头凉快，浑身都凉快。”说完往后头走。
司机说：“我告诉你钱投两块。
大妈说：“我觉得后头人少更凉快”
司机无语，一车人笑倒了！
周末逛街买了瓶可乐，发现一位老婆婆紧跟着我，于是转身问她：“有什么事吗？”
老奶奶说：“我要你手上的空瓶。”
原来如此，于是我把空瓶给了她。
谁知走了一段路发现她还跟着，纳闷地问她：“瓶子不是给你了吗？还有事？”
谁知她说：“这么热天我就不相信你不再买一瓶！”
拓展阅读
（一）
（2024上·江苏无锡·八年级统考期末）
Major Snow, the 21st solar term (节气) of the year, falls on Dec 7 this year. It means the beginning of midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly and there may be more snow days.
The arrival of snow adds a delightful touch to the cold days. The snow in North China may go on a whole day, breaking tree branches and blocking the road while snow doesn’t happen a lot, but just a little, great fun in the South.
The natural scenery is “ice blockading for hundred smiles and snow flying through thousands miles”, “From hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight”. In the South, the snowflakes fly around and the world turns white.
There’s a Chinese saying: “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.” Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts (融化), it also can provide enough water for the crops in the spring.
Snow season is also good for skiing and skating. In northern China, there are many places for natural snow and ice. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often already have big snow in November. People can also go to the frozen lakes to play ice sports. But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities. People in Chongqing like to have potted lamb soup or stewed lamb soup with their families and friends. People in Nanjing like to stew the lamb with yams or wolfberries to make it more delicious.
1．How does the writer describe the beauty of snow
A．By giving examples. B．By introducing activities.
C．By showing pictures. D．By using sayings and poems.
2．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4
A．A fall of snow can lead to a fruitful year.
B．A fall of snow can be dangerous to a fruitful year.
C．A fall of snow can help farmers harvest much fruit.
D．A fall of snow can prevent farmers from a good harvest.
3．What can we know about Major Snow from the passage
A．During Major Snow, the temperature falls greatly.
B．Major Snow is the most beautiful term among all.
C．People in the north like to stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities.
D．All the farmers like snow because it can offer enough water to the crops.
4．The following paragraph can go best after _________.
During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more water. At the same time, don’t drink cold water after exercise.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
（二）
（2023上·安徽淮南·八年级统考期末）Good evening, I am the reporter Mary. It is the time for the weather report. Here is the weather report for tomorrow. The weather of tomorrow is very changeable (多变的). It will be sunny in the morning in Beijing. But in the afternoon, the weather will be rainy. In Shanghai, it will be cloudy in the morning, but it will be sunny in the afternoon. In Shenzhen, there will be rain and wind in the morning, and in the afternoon it will rain heavily. In Chongqing, it will be very hot, the temperature is about 40°C． Thank you for listening.
5．What’s the weather like in the afternoon in Beijing tomorrow
A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy. D．Windy.
6．In _________ it will be cloudy tomorrow morning.
A．Beijing B．Shanghai C．Shenzhen D．Chongqing
7．It will be rainy _________ in Shenzhen.
A．tomorrow morning B．tomorrow afternoon C．tomorrow evening D．all day tomorrow
8．If you want to go a park in Beijing tomorrow, you should go there _________.
A．in the morning B．in the afternoon C．in the evening D．at midnight
9．What season do you think it is
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter.
（三）
（2024上·天津和平·八年级天津一中校考期末）No one can change the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly, we can tell how the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints (关节). Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. It is probably because of the insects which they are hunting that they fly low. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁), then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
10．Many people feel joints pain _______.
A．because of coming rain
B．because they are ill
C．without any reason
D．because of the insects
11．Which is TRUE about weather forecasting
A．Weather forecasting is a way of telling about the weather on the following day or two.
B．Weather forecasting isn’t a way of telling what the weather will be like.
C．People can change the weather.
D．Weather forecasting is a sign of coming rain.
12．If the birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly, the weather will ________.
A．be rainy B．be warm C．continue to be clear and fine D．be cold
13．A rainbow during rainy weather is a sign of ________.
A．fine weather B．a rainy day C．fog D．bad weather
14．We must ________ to make weather forecasting.
A．use our eyes and brains B．study the weather
C．read the natural signs D．all of the above
（2024上·黑龙江哈尔滨·八年级统考期末）No one can change the weather. Nobody can control the weather. But if we read correctly the signs (迹象) around us, we can tell what the more important changes in the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting.
For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather, their joints (关节) hurt. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. They fly low probably because of the insects (昆虫) that they are looking for. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine, such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in color, then the following day will be fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
15．The underlined word “forecasting” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．预报 B．变化 C．现象
16．According to this passage, if people’s joints hurt, it is ________.
A．because they are ill B．a sign of coming rain C．without any reason
17．The birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly show that the weather will be ________.
A．cold B．rainy C．sunny
18．If a rainbow appears in the morning, the weather may be ________.
A．clear B．rainy C．cloudy
19．The best title of the passage should be ________.
A．Why People’s Joints Hurt
B．Rainbows and weather Forecasting
C．Using the Signs around Us to Make Weather Forecasting
（四）
（2023上·四川广安·八年级统考期末）
City Weather Highest temperature Lowest temperature Clothes
Beijing windy 9℃ -1℃ warm clothes
Harbin snowy -5℃ -12℃ thick coat
Wuhan rainy 18℃ 12℃ raincoat
Chongqing cloudy 20℃ 14℃ T-shirt
Guangzhou sunny 24℃ 16℃ T-shirt
20．What’s the weather like in Beijing
A．Windy. B．Snowy. C．Rainy. D．Sunny.
21．Which city has the highest temperature
A．Harbin. B．Wuhan. C．Chongqing. D．Guangzhou.
22．If you go to Chongqing, what should you wear according to the passage
A．A sweater. B．A thick coat. C．A T-shirt. D．A raincoat.
23．Sally goes to Harbin and she can ________.
A．fly a kite B．play with the snow
C．go swimming D．read books in the sun
24．Where can we probably read this passage
A．In a food magazine. B．In a storybook.
C．In a sports magazine. D．In a weather report.
（五）
（2023上·安徽芜湖·八年级统考期末）
2023年二十四节气 24 solar terms of 2023
春分 Spring Equinox 芒种 Grain in Ear 立秋 Beginning of Autumn 大寒 Greater Cold
The 4th term The 9th term The 13th term The 24th term
March 21st June 6th August 8th January 20th
Everything begins to grow and flowers come out. Some birds fly back to the north. People always fly kites and go climbing. It keeps rainy and cloudy during that period. Many farmers are busy working in the fields. The leaves of trees start to fall, as the saying goes, “One leaf falls, autumn arrives.” People can feel that the wind is getting cool. It is snowy and cold. People wear thick clothes to keep warm. Children often make snowmen and do some winter sports like ice skating.
25．Spring Equinox is the best time to ______ .
A．work in the fields B．fly kites C．pick up leaves D．make snowmen
26．How’s the weather during Grain in Ear
A．Cloudy and windy. B．Sunny and hot. C．Rainy and cloudy. D．Snowy and cold.
27．Which solar term is the last one of all the solar terms
A．Spring Equinox.B．Grain in Ear. C．Beginning of Autumn. D．Greater Cold.
（六）
（2024上·陕西商洛·八年级统考期末）Most of us know about the weather through the weather report. But we can know the weather by ourselves. It is a useful skill. By learning what to look for, you can predict (预测) the weather.
▲Watch the Wind and Air.
Observe (观察) the direction of wind. Wind comes when air moves. Because weather moves in from the west, westerly winds bring good weather. Easterly winds bring the bad weather.
You can use grass or flower to decide the direction of the wind. Throw them into the air and watch the direction of the wind.
▲Watch smoke from a fire.
The air pressure (压力) decides where the smoke will go. In high pressure high up in the sky, the smoke will go up into the air. If the pressure is low, it will be back down around the fire. If you see the smoke back down, bad weather is likely coming.
▲Take a deep breath.
Close your eyes and smell (闻) the air. Smells become wet right before a storm, making them stronger. Before a storm, you should also notice a compost (堆肥) smell. If you smell this, it means that a storm is coming.
28．How do most of us know about the weather
A．We ask for others’ help. B．We find information online.
C．We watch the weather report. D．We learn what to look for
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Westerly winds bring bad weather. B．The flower can’t tell us anything about the weather.
C．The air pressure is the same in all the places. D．You can smell the air to know about the weather.
30．The main idea of the text is about ________.
A．how to make correct weather report B．how to predict the weather by ourselves
C．how to keep safe when bad weather is coming D．how to smell the air before a storm
（2023上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）One day, Zhou Yu ordered Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows in ten days. Zhou Yu thought it was impossible, but Zhuge Liang said, “Give me three days.” Then he asked Lu Su to lend him 20 boats, and the soldiers put some scarecrows in line on the boats. He asked Lu Su not to tell Zhou Yu what was happening.
When Lu Su came again to see Zhuge Liang, he found nothing unusual. Nothing happened on the second day, either. In the small hours of the third day, Zhuge Liang invited Lu Su for a boat ride. The 20 boats were tied together with strong ropes. Zhuge’s boats went towards the camp of Cao Cao. The river was covered with thick mist (雾) all over. People could not see each other on the river. When Zhuge’s boats got close to the Cao camp before dawn (黎明), Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to shout and beat drums heavily. But Zhuge and Lu Su only sat inside one boat drinking wine to enjoy themselves.
As soon as the Cao camp heard the shouting and drum beating, they thought it was a surprise attack (攻击) by the Zhou Yu camp. Since they could see nobody on the river, they had to order 3,000 soldiers to shoot arrows to stop the attack. The front of the scarecrows was quickly full of arrows. After a while, Zhuge Liang had his boats turned around to get the other side of the scarecrows to face the Cao camp. When both sides were full of arrows, the day broke. Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to return. The soldiers shouted in excitement, “Thank you, Cao Cao, for your arrows.” After they got back to their camp, they collected more than 100,000 arrows in total from the scarecrows.
31．How many days did Zhuge Liang need to make 100,000 arrows
A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. D．Ten days.
32．The scarecrows on the boats were used for ________.
A．attacking enemies B．carrying arrows
C．sailing boats D．beating drums
33．How did Zhuge Liang complete the impossible task ________
A．With Zhou Yu’s great help. B．By fighting with Cao Cao.
C．By working hard day and night. D．Through a very clever trick.
34．From the text, we can know that ________.
A．Zhuge Liang might know the foggy weather of the third day
B．Zhuge Liang thought it was not easy to make 100,000 arrows
C．Cao Cao’s soldiers did badly in shooting arrows towards enemies
D．Cao Cao would be very happy after hearing the thanks for his arrows
（七）
（2024上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. In China, people created the 24 solar terms thousands of years ago to guide agricultural (农业的) production.
Rain Water is one of the 24 solar terms which stands for the increase (增加) in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, the river water melts, wild geese fly from south to north, and trees and grass turn green again.
Here are several things you may not know but can make you know about Rain Water better. Let me introduce them to you.
Rain in spring is as precious (宝贵的) as oil
According to an old Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precious as oil. In northern China the spring drought (旱灾) is common. And the rain of this season is only 10 to 15 percent of yearly average (平均) rainfall. So at that time, rain is so precious and important to the crops.
Return of a cold period
A returning cold in the late spring often happens during Rain Water. The fast increase in air humidity (湿度) can result in lower temperature and wet weather. Remember not to take off your coats so early in this period.
Visit to in-laws (姻亲)
One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts. According to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four meters of red belt. They stand for good health and long life. Another traditional gift is a pot of cooked pig’s knuckles (蹄). The son-in-law expresses his thankfulness this way.
Nutritious porridge (营养粥) respect
The wet weather during Rain Water is harmful to people’s health according to Chinese medical practice. So a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to keep the body alive and healthy.
35．Why did people create the 24 solar terms
36．What does Rain Water stand for according to the article
37．How many things did the writer introduce to make us know Rain Water better
38．During Rain Water, what gifts do sons-in-law often give their in-laws
39．What do you think of the 24 solar terms (请自拟一句话作答)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came
单元写作指导与演练
近三年考情分析
话题 考查热度
叙述描写
谈论过去正在发生的事情
本单元以＂谈论过去正在发生的事情＂为话题，讲述了大事件发生时人们正在进行的各种活动。具体到书面表达中，要求同学们会对过去正在发生的事情进行描述，在写这类短文时，要运用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时或过去进行时等。在写作时要注意以下几点：
①明确中心思想，无论是看图写作，还是情景描写，都要围绕文章中心展开；
②要注意记叙文的几个要素，即把时间、地点、人物、事件、起因、经过、结果等交代清楚；
③要合理安排好写作的顺序；
④叙述事件时语言简洁，把文章写得生动、详实。
①I can't （事件）without （人物）。
②I remember clearly when I （事件），I felt （感想）。My parents （做法）。They told me that and what I should do was .I was touched and made up my mind
To （决心）.
③It is （人物）that .
模板内容要点
①开篇点题
②具体叙述事情
③呼应主题
在写记事文章的时候，我们可以分成以下三部分来写:
1事情的开端。交代时间，地点、人物和事情的起因等。在这部分的写作中，不用详细地展开，只需简单交代，并可使用“设置悬念”等写作手法。
2事情的经过和高潮。详细描写事情是怎么开始，发展、并达到高潮的。这部分是文章的中心，所以一定要具体、详细地描写出事情发展全过程的细节，要尽量地真实、引人人胜。
3.事情的结尾。这部分简单地进行描写就行，还可在这部分加上一些自己获得的启发和教训，但无须详细展开，用一两句话带过就行。
真题感知
（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）
看图作文：自从2021年党中央颁布“双减”政策以来，孩子们的课余生活变得丰富多彩了。请看下面这张照片，这是大明一家在公园里度周末时照的。假如你是照片中画画的男孩大明（Daming），请以“A Happy Family Day”为题，写一篇英语短文，准备在班里作文课上展示。
写作要求：1.短文要包含照片中的主要内容，可适当发挥，增加一些细节，写成一篇连贯、通顺的文章；
2.文章80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3.文中不得出现真实的校名和姓名。
参考词汇：
Family members Activities
grandma, dad, mum, Daming, brother, sister take pictures/photos 照相 paint/draw a picture 画画 sit on the grassland 坐在草地上 drink/have tea 喝茶 ride a bike 骑自行车 read a book 看书 play with (toys/a pet...)玩（玩具/宠物……）
A Happy Family Day
Hi, everyone. I’m Daming. I feel happy because we have less homework now.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【单元写作素材】
◆开头句
①Last Sunday,I went shopping with my mother.
②I had a terrible day the day before yesterday.
③Yesterday morning I rode my bike to school as usual.
◆中间句
①While I was doing my homework…
②But my father was watching football games on TV.
③He was riding very fast when a car came.
④At that time,I was taking a shower in the bathroom.
⑤Just at that time,a car stopped and the driver offered to take me to the train station.
⑥I was waiting for the bus when it suddenly rained heavily.
◆结尾句
①What a happy family we had!
②At 5 o’clock in the afternoon，we rode back home.
③I will remember this experience forever.
④I am always ready to help others like that driver from then on.
⑤It was really an unforgettable day.
◆谚语积累
1.It never rains but it pours.祸不单行。
2.Start where you are. Use what you have. Do what you can.始于足下。用你所有。做你所能。
3.With the new day comes new strength and new thoughts.新的一天，万象更新。
必备词汇
1.叙事顺序
first, to begin with, first of all, firstly首先
secondly, then, besides, what's more, in addition, moreover然后
at last, last but not least, above all, all in all, to sum up, on the whole, finally最后
2时间描写
after .....之.后after a short /long time/period在一段很短/很长的时间后afterwards后来;然后
as soon as ........ from that time on从那时起
immediately立刻;立即 lately最近;近来;不久前
nowadays现在;如今 recently最近
shortly马上;立刻 since then从那时起
when, while ...的时候
3.地点词汇
church教堂 tower塔 bridge桥 station车站 dormitory宿含 supermarket超市
shop商店 hospital医院 theater剧院 playground操场 cinema电影院 museum博物馆
4.动作描写
go out for a picnic去野餐
have a party举行聚会
go camping去露营
ride a horse骑马
Have a walk散步
fly kites放风筝
take photos拍照
hurry t0..匆忙赶到...
see a doctor看医生
set off出发
watch the match看比赛
climb mountains爬山
5.结尾词汇
thanks to多亏
as a result结果
luckily幸运地
because/ because of因为
at last/ in the end最后
必备句型
1.介绍事情的开端
(1) One day / The other day / A couple of days ago while he w... he.一天/前几天当他正.... ....
(2) it was snowing /raining heavily on Monday /Sunday morning when...星期一1星期天早上，正在下着大雪/雨，....
(3) AII through my junior high school, I couldn't forget..
在我整个的初中生涯中，我不能忘记....
(4) Last week, when I was on my way home, something terrible happened.上个星期，当我在回家路上的时候，一些糟糕的事情发生了
(5) The event took place/happened /occurred in the early morning.
那件事情发生在一大早。
2.描写事情的过程
(1) Without hesitation, I decided to give him a hand.毫不犹豫，我决定帮助
(2)It was my first time to Mount Tai.那是我第一次去泰山。
(3) We spent many hours talking happily我们愉快地交谈了几个小时。
(4) The line of people was endless.人们排成的队伍看不到尽头。
3.交代事情的结尾
(1) r never forget he day when we visited the farm.
我将永远不会忘记我们参观农场的那一天。
(2) What a pleasant trip!多么愉快的一次旅行啊!
(3) This will be an unforgettable experience. 这将会是一次难忘的经历。
(4) I have never seen a comedy like that.我从未看过那样的喜剧。
(5) 1 had fun at the party tonight. 今晚我在聚会上玩得很愉快。
【话题范文剖析】
某英文报社正在举办以“An Unforgettable Experience”为题的征文活动，请根据下列提示投稿，讲述令你难忘的一次经历。
提示：When did it happen？Where did it happen？What were you doing？What were the others doing？Why was it unforgettable 要求：
1．词数：80左右；
2．书写工整，句式规范，条理清楚，标点符号使用正确。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
◆◆思路点拨
◆◆范文欣赏
An Unforgettable Experience
On October 1st，2022，I planned to take the bus to the train station.When I was waiting for the bus at the bus stop，it began to rain suddenly.Unluckily，I forgot to take my umbrella.I stood in the rain，with the rain beating heavily against my body.Just at that time，a car stopped and the driver offered to take me to the train station.I was so moved that I'll never forget this experience.I am always ready to help others like that driver from then on.
（一）动作类短语
1. 步行回家 walk home
2. 去上班 go to work
3. 入睡 fall asleep
4. 下大雨 rain heavily
5. 洗热水澡 take a hot shower
6. 发出响声 go off
7. 接电话 pick up
8. 逐渐变弱 die down
9. 确认；确信 make sure
（二）时间类短语
1. 当暴风雨来的时候 at the time of the rainstorm
2. 在那个时候 at that time
3. 在地震时 at the time of the earthquake
（三）其他短语
1. 沉默地 in silence 2. 做某事有困难 have trouble doing sth
3. 一团糟 in a mess 4. 首先；起初 at first
句子积累
（一）佳句欣赏与模仿
1. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.
【so...that...如此……以至于……】
在台风来临时，我如此地害怕以至于待在床上一动不动。
At the time of the typhoon, I was so scared that I stayed in bed without moving.
2. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.
【have trouble doing sth在……方面有困难】
由于雨下得非常大，我走路回家相当困难。
I had trouble walking home because it rained heavily.
3. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
【while当……时候，连接两个同时发生的动作】
我爸爸正在关窗户时，我妈妈在扫地。
While my dad was closing the windows, my mom was sweeping the floor.
4. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.
【although 虽然；尽管】
尽管他累了，但他还是继续工作。
Although he was tired, he went on working.
（二）用when与while连接两个句子
when是一个从属连词，它引导的是一个时间状语从句，when后通常用短暂性动词；while后通常用持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态。
1. I was doing my homework. Typhoon Sanmei came. (while)
Typhoon Sanmei came while I was doing my homework.
2. My friend, Li Bing, was making his way home. Typhoon Sanmei came. (when)
My friend, Li Bing, was making his way home when Typhoon Sanmei came.
典例：
某英文网站的＂Student Life＂栏目正在向中学生征文，标题为＂ A time when I made someone happy＂，请你写一篇英文稿件，内容需包括以下要点：
1. Who was the person you made happy
2. When was it
3. What did you say or do
4. Why did it make him/her happy
5. How did you feel at that moment
注意：1. 词数：100左右（题目不计入总词数）；
2. 文中不得出现可能透考生真实身份的任何信息。
A time when I made someone happy
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【佳作展示】
Last summer, though it was hot, I volunteered to teach children English in rural area. When I arrived there, I couldn't adjust to the weather and life style. However, as time went by, I found myself quite happy when I saw the students I was teaching made great progress. In order to teach them, I had to keep on learning as well. As a result, my English improved a lot. Also, I made friends with some of my students. We are still keeping in touch by letter now.
In a word, not only did I help those in need, but also I myself learn a lot that summer. If I have another chance to do volunteer work, I am ready to go.
（一）
1．同学们对“司马光砸缸”的故事一定有着很深的印象吧？请根据下面的图片及提示，用英语简要叙述一下“司马光砸缸”的故事，并谈一谈你从故事中学到了什么。80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。
Sima Guang hit the tank (缸)
play hide and seek (捉迷藏), full of water fall into, be frightened (惊恐的), cry, run for help
think over, pick up. throw at break, be saved
Sima Guang hit the tank
Once upon a time, there was a boy named Sima Guang.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（二）
假如你是李磊，今天英语老师让大家分组讲述各自的周末生活，你被小组成员推选为代表。请你根据以下表格，用英文向同学们描述一下你们组的成员在昨天的以下时间里在做什么。
Time Activity Name 9:00 a. m. 2:00 p.m. 6:00 p.m.
Linda Reading Doing her homework Cooking dinner
Paul Playing football Studying math Taking a shower
Zhang Xin Listening to music Washing clothes Having dinner
要求：
（1）语句通顺、符合逻辑，可适当发挥；
（2）不少于70词（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
All of us had a wonderful weekend. Linda was reading at 9:00 a. m. yesterday.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（三）
今天是星期六 (10月6日)，上午8:10在新华大街上发生了一起交通事故。由于司机没注意到两个学生而发生事故。司机严重受伤，已被送往医院救助。两个学生受轻伤。假如你是南京一中的学生，请你就此事故写一篇日记。
内容要求：
1.要写出事故发生的时间和地点；
2.要写出事故的大致情况，可以适当添加内容；
3.就此写出你的有关安全的观点。
写作要求：
1.一定要注意写日记的格式；
2.内容流畅，可以适当添加你自己的观点；
3.不少于80词。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（四）
2022年6月10日，李华的家乡四川雅安市芦山县发生了一场地震，地震造成了巨大的损毁，但幸运的是，李华一家安然无恙。假如你是李华，请你描述一下地震发生时家里人的活动情景及感受：
1. 李华在浴室里洗澡；
2. 爸爸在电脑旁工作；
3. 妈妈在厨房里做晚餐；
4. 爷爷奶奶在客厅看电视。
要求：
1．结构完整，表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰；
2．文中不得出现任何真实的人名，学校名等信息；
3．80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake at about 5:00 p.m. on June 1st.
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（五）
图示作文：仔细观察图片，展开合理想象，然后写一篇英语短文。
提示词： a cigarette case香烟盒；bin垃圾箱。
要求：
1.词数在80～100之间；
2.字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，合乎逻辑，可适当发挥。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（六）
假如你是王磊，红旗中学的一名学生，你们学校的校刊计划开辟一个“Fables（寓言）tell us”专栏，现面向全体学生征集稿件。你打算报名参加，并选取了《郑人买履》这个故事。请你根据以下图片和文字提示，写一篇英文短文，讲述这个寓言故事。
要求：
1. 短文内容需包括图片信息，可适当发挥；
2. 书写规范，语言准确，行文连贯；
3. 不少于100词；开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Long long ago, a man of the state of Zheng wanted to buy a pair of shoes.
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（七）
仔细观察图片描述，展开合理想象，然后写一篇短文。
要求：
(1)话题作文或图示作文任选其一。
(2)词数：80~100之间。
(3)字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，合乎逻辑，可适当发挥。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2021·山东济宁·统考中考真题）
某英文网站的Weekend Life专栏正面向中学生征文。请你根据下面的4幅图片，用英语写一篇100词左右的稿件，描述你与同学上周日的经历。
注意：
1. 短文应涵盖前三幅连环图片的主要信息，并对第四幅图片中可能的情节发展做出合理推断和简要评述；
2. 文中不得出现任何透露考生真实身份的信息；
3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
enjoy，vomit（v.呕吐），see a doctor
Last Sunday I had a picnic in the park with two friends.
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（2020·陕西·统考中考真题）
某英文网站开展关于“美丽校园, 健康生活”的征稿活动。请你根据以下图示内容积极投稿, 倡导同学们“爱护校园环境, 健康快乐生活”。
keep the school clean do sports look after yourself other
1.参考提示内容, 可适当发挥;
2.语句通顺, 意思连贯, 书写工整;
3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等);
4.词数:不少于70词。(开头和结尾已给出, 但不计入总词数。)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2017·山东淄博·统考中考真题）
初中四年，一定有很多事情让你难以忘怀。这些事情让你感到或是高兴，或是难过，或是幸运，或是愧疚…… 请写一篇100词左右的英语短文，记述你印象最深刻 一件事，并表达出自己的感受。
注意：
1.书写规范，表达连贯，可根据内容适当发挥。
2.文中不得出现真实的地区，学校及姓名。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2018·湖北襄阳·统考中考真题）
人非圣贤，孰能无过？作为一名学生，在学习或生活中你是否也曾犯过错误、做过傻事？在认识到自己所犯错误或明白所做的傻事后，你又是如何改止的呢？请根据写作要点提示，以“The Mistake Made Me Grow Up”为题，用英语写一篇短文。
1. 写作要点提示
1) 简述你犯过的一次错误或做过的一件傻事；
2) 谈谈你是如何在他人的帮助下或在自己的努力下改正的；
3) 你从中吸取了哪些教训或收获了哪些成长的经验。
2. 注意事项：
1) 字数：90词左右；
2) 短文内容应包含提示的要点，可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯；
3) 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4) 已给标题不计入总字数，也不得抄入答题卡。
The Mistake Made Me grow Up
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came
单元写作指导与演练
近三年考情分析
话题 考查热度
叙述描写
谈论过去正在发生的事情
本单元以＂谈论过去正在发生的事情＂为话题，讲述了大事件发生时人们正在进行的各种活动。具体到书面表达中，要求同学们会对过去正在发生的事情进行描述，在写这类短文时，要运用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时或过去进行时等。在写作时要注意以下几点：
①明确中心思想，无论是看图写作，还是情景描写，都要围绕文章中心展开；
②要注意记叙文的几个要素，即把时间、地点、人物、事件、起因、经过、结果等交代清楚；
③要合理安排好写作的顺序；
④叙述事件时语言简洁，把文章写得生动、详实。
①I can't （事件）without （人物）。
②I remember clearly when I （事件），I felt （感想）。My parents （做法）。They told me that and what I should do was .I was touched and made up my mind
To （决心）.
③It is （人物）that .
模板内容要点
①开篇点题
②具体叙述事情
③呼应主题
在写记事文章的时候，我们可以分成以下三部分来写:
1事情的开端。交代时间，地点、人物和事情的起因等。在这部分的写作中，不用详细地展开，只需简单交代，并可使用“设置悬念”等写作手法。
2事情的经过和高潮。详细描写事情是怎么开始，发展、并达到高潮的。这部分是文章的中心，所以一定要具体、详细地描写出事情发展全过程的细节，要尽量地真实、引人人胜。
3.事情的结尾。这部分简单地进行描写就行，还可在这部分加上一些自己获得的启发和教训，但无须详细展开，用一两句话带过就行。
真题感知
（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）
看图作文：自从2021年党中央颁布“双减”政策以来，孩子们的课余生活变得丰富多彩了。请看下面这张照片，这是大明一家在公园里度周末时照的。假如你是照片中画画的男孩大明（Daming），请以“A Happy Family Day”为题，写一篇英语短文，准备在班里作文课上展示。
写作要求：1.短文要包含照片中的主要内容，可适当发挥，增加一些细节，写成一篇连贯、通顺的文章；
2.文章80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3.文中不得出现真实的校名和姓名。
参考词汇：
Family members Activities
grandma, dad, mum, Daming, brother, sister take pictures/photos 照相 paint/draw a picture 画画 sit on the grassland 坐在草地上 drink/have tea 喝茶 ride a bike 骑自行车 read a book 看书 play with (toys/a pet...)玩（玩具/宠物……）
A Happy Family Day
Hi, everyone. I’m Daming. I feel happy because we have less homework now.
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【答案】例文
A Happy Family Day
Hi, everyone. I’m Daming. I feel happy because we have less homework now. So I went to the park with my family last Sunday. Look! This is a picture of my family in the park. My father was taking pictures. My mother was reading. My grandpa and grandma were sitting on the grass and drinking tea. The little boy who was drawing is me. My brother was riding a bike. My sister was playing with her toys. We enjoyed ourselves in the park.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为看图作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时和过去进行时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据图片，结合提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“简单介绍周末活动”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。要分别介绍每位家庭成员做了什么；
第三步，书写结语。表达“玩得很开心”的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①a picture of一张……的照片
②sit on the grass坐在草地上
③enjoyed ourselves玩得开心
[高分句型]
①I feel happy because we have less homework now.（because引导的原因状语从句）
②The little boy who was drawing is me.（who引导的定语从句）
【单元写作素材】
◆开头句
①Last Sunday,I went shopping with my mother.
②I had a terrible day the day before yesterday.
③Yesterday morning I rode my bike to school as usual.
◆中间句
①While I was doing my homework…
②But my father was watching football games on TV.
③He was riding very fast when a car came.
④At that time,I was taking a shower in the bathroom.
⑤Just at that time,a car stopped and the driver offered to take me to the train station.
⑥I was waiting for the bus when it suddenly rained heavily.
◆结尾句
①What a happy family we had!
②At 5 o’clock in the afternoon，we rode back home.
③I will remember this experience forever.
④I am always ready to help others like that driver from then on.
⑤It was really an unforgettable day.
◆谚语积累
1.It never rains but it pours.祸不单行。
2.Start where you are. Use what you have. Do what you can.始于足下。用你所有。做你所能。
3.With the new day comes new strength and new thoughts.新的一天，万象更新。
必备词汇
1.叙事顺序
first, to begin with, first of all, firstly首先
secondly, then, besides, what's more, in addition, moreover然后
at last, last but not least, above all, all in all, to sum up, on the whole, finally最后
2时间描写
after .....之.后after a short /long time/period在一段很短/很长的时间后afterwards后来;然后
as soon as ........ from that time on从那时起
immediately立刻;立即 lately最近;近来;不久前
nowadays现在;如今 recently最近
shortly马上;立刻 since then从那时起
when, while ...的时候
3.地点词汇
church教堂 tower塔 bridge桥 station车站 dormitory宿含 supermarket超市
shop商店 hospital医院 theater剧院 playground操场 cinema电影院 museum博物馆
4.动作描写
go out for a picnic去野餐
have a party举行聚会
go camping去露营
ride a horse骑马
Have a walk散步
fly kites放风筝
take photos拍照
hurry t0..匆忙赶到...
see a doctor看医生
set off出发
watch the match看比赛
climb mountains爬山
5.结尾词汇
thanks to多亏
as a result结果
luckily幸运地
because/ because of因为
at last/ in the end最后
必备句型
1.介绍事情的开端
(1) One day / The other day / A couple of days ago while he w... he.一天/前几天当他正.... ....
(2) it was snowing /raining heavily on Monday /Sunday morning when...星期一1星期天早上，正在下着大雪/雨，....
(3) AII through my junior high school, I couldn't forget..
在我整个的初中生涯中，我不能忘记....
(4) Last week, when I was on my way home, something terrible happened.上个星期，当我在回家路上的时候，一些糟糕的事情发生了
(5) The event took place/happened /occurred in the early morning.
那件事情发生在一大早。
2.描写事情的过程
(1) Without hesitation, I decided to give him a hand.毫不犹豫，我决定帮助
(2)It was my first time to Mount Tai.那是我第一次去泰山。
(3) We spent many hours talking happily我们愉快地交谈了几个小时。
(4) The line of people was endless.人们排成的队伍看不到尽头。
3.交代事情的结尾
(1) r never forget he day when we visited the farm.
我将永远不会忘记我们参观农场的那一天。
(2) What a pleasant trip!多么愉快的一次旅行啊!
(3) This will be an unforgettable experience. 这将会是一次难忘的经历。
(4) I have never seen a comedy like that.我从未看过那样的喜剧。
(5) 1 had fun at the party tonight. 今晚我在聚会上玩得很愉快。
【话题范文剖析】
某英文报社正在举办以“An Unforgettable Experience”为题的征文活动，请根据下列提示投稿，讲述令你难忘的一次经历。
提示：When did it happen？Where did it happen？What were you doing？What were the others doing？Why was it unforgettable 要求：
1．词数：80左右；
2．书写工整，句式规范，条理清楚，标点符号使用正确。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
◆◆思路点拨
◆◆范文欣赏
An Unforgettable Experience
On October 1st，2022，I planned to take the bus to the train station.When I was waiting for the bus at the bus stop，it began to rain suddenly.Unluckily，I forgot to take my umbrella.I stood in the rain，with the rain beating heavily against my body.Just at that time，a car stopped and the driver offered to take me to the train station.I was so moved that I'll never forget this experience.I am always ready to help others like that driver from then on.
（一）动作类短语
1. 步行回家 walk home
2. 去上班 go to work
3. 入睡 fall asleep
4. 下大雨 rain heavily
5. 洗热水澡 take a hot shower
6. 发出响声 go off
7. 接电话 pick up
8. 逐渐变弱 die down
9. 确认；确信 make sure
（二）时间类短语
1. 当暴风雨来的时候 at the time of the rainstorm[]
2. 在那个时候 at that time
3. 在地震时 at the time of the earthquake
（三）其他短语
1. 沉默地 in silence 2. 做某事有困难 have trouble doing sth
3. 一团糟 in a mess 4. 首先；起初 at first
句子积累
（一）佳句欣赏与模仿
1. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.
【so...that...如此……以至于……】
在台风来临时，我如此地害怕以至于待在床上一动不动。
At the time of the typhoon, I was so scared that I stayed in bed without moving.
2. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.
【have trouble doing sth在……方面有困难】
由于雨下得非常大，我走路回家相当困难。
I had trouble walking home because it rained heavily.
3. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
【while当……时候，连接两个同时发生的动作】
我爸爸正在关窗户时，我妈妈在扫地。
While my dad was closing the windows, my mom was sweeping the floor.
4. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.
【although 虽然；尽管】
尽管他累了，但他还是继续工作。
Although he was tired, he went on working.
（二）用when与while连接两个句子
when是一个从属连词，它引导的是一个时间状语从句，when后通常用短暂性动词；while后通常用持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态。
1. I was doing my homework. Typhoon Sanmei came. (while)
Typhoon Sanmei came while I was doing my homework.
2. My friend, Li Bing, was making his way home. Typhoon Sanmei came. (when)
My friend, Li Bing, was making his way home when Typhoon Sanmei came.
典例：
某英文网站的＂Student Life＂栏目正在向中学生征文，标题为＂ A time when I made someone happy＂，请你写一篇英文稿件，内容需包括以下要点：
1. Who was the person you made happy
2. When was it
3. What did you say or do
4. Why did it make him/her happy
5. How did you feel at that moment
注意：1. 词数：100左右（题目不计入总词数）；
2. 文中不得出现可能透考生真实身份的任何信息。
A time when I made someone happy
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【佳作展示】
Last summer, though it was hot, I volunteered to teach children English in rural area. When I arrived there, I couldn't adjust to the weather and life style. However, as time went by, I found myself quite happy when I saw the students I was teaching made great progress. In order to teach them, I had to keep on learning as well. As a result, my English improved a lot. Also, I made friends with some of my students. We are still keeping in touch by letter now.
In a word, not only did I help those in need, but also I myself learn a lot that summer. If I have another chance to do volunteer work, I am ready to go.
（一）
1．同学们对“司马光砸缸”的故事一定有着很深的印象吧？请根据下面的图片及提示，用英语简要叙述一下“司马光砸缸”的故事，并谈一谈你从故事中学到了什么。80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。
Sima Guang hit the tank (缸)
play hide and seek (捉迷藏), full of water fall into, be frightened (惊恐的), cry, run for help
think over, pick up. throw at break, be saved
Sima Guang hit the tank
Once upon a time, there was a boy named Sima Guang.
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【答案】例文
Once upon a time, there was a boy named Sima Guang. One day, Sima Guang was playing hide and seek with several children in the yard. There was a large water tank in the yard. It was full of water. When they were playing, one child accidentally fell into the tank. Other children were so frightened that they started to cry, running for help. However, Sima Guang was different. He thought it over and then had an idea. He picked up a big stone and threw it at the tank. “Bang!” The tank broke and the water ran out. The child was saved.
How clever the boy was! From the story I know that we should calm down in the face of difficulties and danger. Then we can come up with good ways to solve problems.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇看图作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时和一般现在时”；
③提示：根据图片及提示讲述“司马光砸缸”的故事，并讲述从中学到了什么，可适当发挥，注意行文连贯，逻辑清晰。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据图片顺序介绍故事的发生过程及结果；
第二步，表达自己从中学到了什么。
[亮点词汇]
①be full of装满，充满
②fall into落入
③calm down冷静下来
④come up with想出
[高分句型]
①When they were playing, one child accidentally fell into the tank.（when引导的时间状语从句）
②Other children were so frightened that they started to cry, running for help.（so...that引导的结果状语从句）
③From the story I know that we should calm down in the face of difficulties and danger（that引导的宾语从句）
（二）
假如你是李磊，今天英语老师让大家分组讲述各自的周末生活，你被小组成员推选为代表。请你根据以下表格，用英文向同学们描述一下你们组的成员在昨天的以下时间里在做什么。
Time Activity Name 9:00 a. m. 2:00 p.m. 6:00 p.m.
Linda Reading Doing her homework Cooking dinner
Paul Playing football Studying math Taking a shower
Zhang Xin Listening to music Washing clothes Having dinner
要求：
（1）语句通顺、符合逻辑，可适当发挥；
（2）不少于70词（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
All of us had a wonderful weekend. Linda was reading at 9:00 a. m. yesterday.
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【答案】例文：
All of us had a wonderful weekend. Linda was reading at 9:00 a.m. yesterday. Paul was playing football in the playground and Zhang Xin was listening to music at that moment. At 2:00 p.m. yesterday, Linda was doing her homework while Paul was studying math. What was Zhang Xin doing then She was washing clothes. At 6:00 p.m. yesterday, Linda was cooking dinner, but Zhang Xin was having dinner. She had dinner earlier than Linda. Where was Paul He was taking a shower in the bathroom.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
② 时态：时态以“过去进行时”为主；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第三人称为主。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍昨天上午九点时三个人的活动；
第二步，介绍下午两点和六点时三个人的活动。
[亮点词汇]
①at that moment在那时
②earlier than早于
[高分句型]
Linda was doing her homework while Paul was studying math.（while引导的时间状语从句）
（三）
今天是星期六 (10月6日)，上午8:10在新华大街上发生了一起交通事故。由于司机没注意到两个学生而发生事故。司机严重受伤，已被送往医院救助。两个学生受轻伤。假如你是南京一中的学生，请你就此事故写一篇日记。
内容要求：
1.要写出事故发生的时间和地点；
2.要写出事故的大致情况，可以适当添加内容；
3.就此写出你的有关安全的观点。
写作要求：
1.一定要注意写日记的格式；
2.内容流畅，可以适当添加你自己的观点；
3.不少于80词。
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【答案】例文
October 6th, Saturday Fine
There was a terrible car accident happened at 8:10 on Xin Hua Road. That’s because the driver was very careless. When he was driving, he didn’t find there were two students near the car. When he stopped the car, it was too late. In the accident, the driver hurt badly and was sent to the hospital. Luckily, the two students were a little hurt. They were also sent to the hospital.
The accident told us that we must be careful when we drove or walked on the road. I thought we must obey the traffic rules and have to wait for the green traffic light. Especially, for students, we must learn to protect ourselves when we walk on the road. The safety is the most important thing to us.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是应用文，是一篇日记；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“内容要求”中的具体信息，包括事故发生的时间、地点、大致情况等。可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据内容要求，介绍清楚事故发生的时间、地点和大致情况；
第二步，说明自己对交通安全的认知以及自己的态度。
[亮点词汇]
①be sent to被送到
②be careful小心；当心
③obey the traffic rules遵守交通规则
④wait for等候
[高分句型]
①When he was driving, he didn’t find there were two students near the car. （there be句型）
②The accident told us that we must be careful when we drove or walked on the road. （that引导的宾语从句）
（四）
2022年6月10日，李华的家乡四川雅安市芦山县发生了一场地震，地震造成了巨大的损毁，但幸运的是，李华一家安然无恙。假如你是李华，请你描述一下地震发生时家里人的活动情景及感受：
1. 李华在浴室里洗澡；
2. 爸爸在电脑旁工作；
3. 妈妈在厨房里做晚餐；
4. 爷爷奶奶在客厅看电视。
要求：
1．结构完整，表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰；
2．文中不得出现任何真实的人名，学校名等信息；
3．80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake at about 5:00 p.m. on June 1st.
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【答案】例文
My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake at about 5:00 p.m. on June 1st. At that time, all my family were at home. I was taking a shower in the bathroom. My father was working on the computer. My mother was cooking in the kitchen. My grandparents were watching TV in the living room. We were all scared.
The earthquake made our neighborhood in a mess. There were some fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish. But luckily, it wasn’t too heavy and it didn’t last for too long. We were all safe.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于材料作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“过去进行时”；
③提示：文章开头以及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，不要遗漏提示中的“家里人的感受”这一要点，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接短文开头，引出话题；
第二步，接着按照要点叙述当时家里人各自正在做的事情，以及家人们的感受；
第三步，介绍地震给周边生活环境带来的破坏，抒发作者的感受并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①be scared感到害怕
②in a mess乱七八糟
[高分句型]
There were some fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish.（and连接三个并列的名词，there be句型，就近原则，过去分词作定语）
（五）
图示作文：仔细观察图片，展开合理想象，然后写一篇英语短文。
提示词： a cigarette case香烟盒；bin垃圾箱。
要求：
1.词数在80～100之间；
2.字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，合乎逻辑，可适当发挥。
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【答案】例文：
One day, when Tom was running in the park, he saw a man light a cigarette and throw the cigarette case on the ground. Tom ran over to the man and picked up the cigarette case. He said “Hello, Uncle, I will take you to a place”. Then he pulled the man to a garbage bin. Tom put the cigarette case into the garbage bin and he pointed to the sign—No smoking. Tom said “Smoking is bad for your health”. At last, the man felt a little regretful. He said to Tom “I am very sorry to do that. Thank you. I won’t do that again. You are a good boy”.
【总体分析】①题材：本文是一篇看图作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏图片中的介绍要点，适当添加细节，突出写作重点。
【写作步骤】第一步，描写故事开端。小男孩注意到一位男子随手丢弃香烟盒；
第二步，描写故事发展。小男孩主动捡起香烟盒子，带着叔叔一起将香烟盒丢到垃圾桶里，并将吸烟危害和“禁止吸烟”的标志告诉叔叔；
第三步，描写故事结局。男子感到很愧疚，并对小男孩的行为进行表扬。
【亮点词汇】①run over to sb.跑向某人
②pick up捡起
③point to指向
④be sorry to do sth.很抱歉做某事
【高分句型】①One day, when Tom was running in the park, he saw a man light a cigarette and throw the cigarette case on the ground.（when引导时间状语从句）
②Smoking is bad for your health.（动名词作主语）
（六）
假如你是王磊，红旗中学的一名学生，你们学校的校刊计划开辟一个“Fables（寓言）tell us”专栏，现面向全体学生征集稿件。你打算报名参加，并选取了《郑人买履》这个故事。请你根据以下图片和文字提示，写一篇英文短文，讲述这个寓言故事。
要求：
1. 短文内容需包括图片信息，可适当发挥；
2. 书写规范，语言准确，行文连贯；
3. 不少于100词；开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Long long ago, a man of the state of Zheng wanted to buy a pair of shoes.
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【答案】例文
Long long ago, a man of the state of Zheng wanted to buy a pair of shoes.
To buy a pair of shoes of the right size, he measured his feet with a ruler and wrote down his size on a piece of paper. However, when he went to the market he forgot to bring the paper. At the same time, he forgot his shoe size. The owner of the shoe store asked him to try on the shoes, but he didn’t listen to the owner. He decided to go back home to get the paper. As a result, the shop had been closed when he got back to the shoe store.
In my opinion, it’s not only a funny story, but a good lesson for me. I think we should solve the problems according to the facts. There are many ways to solve a problem, so don’t stick to the old rules.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于看图作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章开头已经给出，要点已以图片形式给出，按照提示的要点逐点讲述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接短文开头，讲述故事；
第二步，根据图片所示情节及提示的内容讲述《郑人买履》这一寓言故事；
第三步，抒发这个故事给你带来的感悟并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①decide to do sth决定做某事
②as a result结果
③solve the problems according to the facts根据实际情况解决问题
④not only…but…不仅……而且……
⑤stick to the old rules墨守陈规
[高分句型]
①However, when he went to the market he forgot to bring the paper.（when引导的时间状语从句）
②I think we should solve the problems according to the facts.（省略引导词that引导的宾语从句）
（七）
仔细观察图片描述，展开合理想象，然后写一篇短文。
要求：
(1)话题作文或图示作文任选其一。
(2)词数：80~100之间。
(3)字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，合乎逻辑，可适当发挥。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Last Sunday, the weather was very great so Tom and his friend John decided to go to the park to enjoy themselves. When they arrived at the gate of the park, they saw a boy lying on the ground. They went to find out what happened as quickly as possible. They found the boy hurt his legs when he was riding his bike. So they sent the boy to the hospital with the help of another man. When the doctor was examining the boy, they called his parents. His parents were grateful for their kindness. After knowing the boy was safe, they said goodbye to them and went home.
Though they didn’t have fun in the park, they felt very happy to help others.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇看图作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：根据图片的内容介绍故事的发展，可适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据图片内容详细介绍他们帮助这个男孩的过程；
第二步，介绍他们的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①on the ground在地上
②as quickly as possible尽快
[高分句型]
①the weather was very great so Tom and his friend John decided to go to the park to enjoy themselves.(so连接的并列句，动词不定式作宾语以及目的状语)
②When they arrived at the gate of the park, they saw a boy lying on the ground.(when引导的时间状语从句)
③Though they didn’t have fun in the park, they felt very happy to help others.(though引导的让步状语从句)
（2021·山东济宁·统考中考真题）
某英文网站的Weekend Life专栏正面向中学生征文。请你根据下面的4幅图片，用英语写一篇100词左右的稿件，描述你与同学上周日的经历。
注意：
1. 短文应涵盖前三幅连环图片的主要信息，并对第四幅图片中可能的情节发展做出合理推断和简要评述；
2. 文中不得出现任何透露考生真实身份的信息；
3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
enjoy，vomit（v.呕吐），see a doctor
Last Sunday I had a picnic in the park with two friends.
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【答案】例文：
Last Sunday I had a picnic in the park with two friends. It was a beautiful day. White clouds flew in the blue sky and birds danced over the green trees. We shared the food we brought and enjoyed eating, chatting and playing.
When I got home, I felt a terrible stomachache and soon I began to vomit in the bathroom. Just then my dad came back and immediately took me to the nearest hospital. After a check-up, the doctor said the problem might be caused by the food I had eaten at the picnic. She gave me some medicine and said I would be all right soon.
When I got home again, I called my friends. I was happy to learn that there was nothing wrong with them.
【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作，在写作时应注意要承接短文开头，根据前三幅连环图片的主要信息，合理推断出第四幅图片中可能的情节发展，来叙述上周日的整个的野餐经历。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称为主来叙述故事内容，时态采用一般过去时为主。在叙述故事时，场景应描写细致，并且故事发展的起因、过程等需要叙述完整，保证条理清晰。
（2020·陕西·统考中考真题）
某英文网站开展关于“美丽校园, 健康生活”的征稿活动。请你根据以下图示内容积极投稿, 倡导同学们“爱护校园环境, 健康快乐生活”。
keep the school clean do sports look after yourself other
1.参考提示内容, 可适当发挥;
2.语句通顺, 意思连贯, 书写工整;
3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等);
4.词数:不少于70词。(开头和结尾已给出, 但不计入总词数。)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Students need to have a healthy school life. What can we do to make it Here I’ve got some ideas to share with you.
First, it’s important to keep our school clean. For example, we can clean the desks and floor every day, because good environment is helpful to our study and health. Second, it’s good to do some sports like running, playing basketball and so on. Third, we’d better look after ourselves well, such as washing hands in time and wearing masks when it is necessary. Finally, if we always get on well with each other and keep happy, we’ll enjoy a happy and healthy school life.
【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于说明文写作。在写作时应根据图片内容提示讲述学生健康校园生活的一些建议。
2.例文点评：例文主要用第一人称进行写作，主要采用一般现在时态来写作。介绍自学生健康校园生活的一些建议分成四点来写，叙述完整且条理清晰。
3.高分亮点：
短语：need to; make it; share with; for example; do some sports；and so on；look after；such as；get on well with。
句型：because引导的原因状语从句；it做形式主语的句子；if引导的条件状语从句。
（2017·山东淄博·统考中考真题）
初中四年，一定有很多事情让你难以忘怀。这些事情让你感到或是高兴，或是难过，或是幸运，或是愧疚…… 请写一篇100词左右的英语短文，记述你印象最深刻 一件事，并表达出自己的感受。
注意：
1.书写规范，表达连贯，可根据内容适当发挥。
2.文中不得出现真实的地区，学校及姓名。
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【答案】例文
Last May Day holiday, my parents and I went to Nan Tong. This experience impressed me most. In the morning, we went sightseeing on the Wolf Hill. I met a foreigner and talked in English when I climbed the hill. I was so happy that I found it useful to learn English. Then we went to the Horticultural Exposition. We enjoyed many kinds of flowers and took lots of photos. We learned a lot about the flowers. We felt so close to nature and had a lot of fun there.
In the afternoon, I learned a lot about the names of the fish when we enjoyed the Undersea World. We felt so excited when we watched the dolphin show. Later that day, we took a boat trip on the Haohe River. I enjoyed the beautiful views and sang happily all the way.
We had such an exciting trip that we will never forget it. I hope to visit it again someday.
【详解】1.题干解读：这是一篇话题作文，要求写一篇短文，记叙初中四年生活中令你印象深刻的一件事，并表达出自己的感受。
2.写作指导：本文主要采用第一人称和一般过去时来行文。写作中，注意交代清楚事情的发展全过程，并描述自己的感受，注意保证语句通顺连贯，文中没有语法错误。
（2018·湖北襄阳·统考中考真题）
人非圣贤，孰能无过？作为一名学生，在学习或生活中你是否也曾犯过错误、做过傻事？在认识到自己所犯错误或明白所做的傻事后，你又是如何改止的呢？请根据写作要点提示，以“The Mistake Made Me Grow Up”为题，用英语写一篇短文。
1. 写作要点提示
1) 简述你犯过的一次错误或做过的一件傻事；
2) 谈谈你是如何在他人的帮助下或在自己的努力下改正的；
3) 你从中吸取了哪些教训或收获了哪些成长的经验。
2. 注意事项：
1) 字数：90词左右；
2) 短文内容应包含提示的要点，可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯；
3) 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4) 已给标题不计入总字数，也不得抄入答题卡。
The Mistake Made Me grow Up
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
The Mistake Made Me grow Up
Everyone may make mistakes. Mistakes make us grow. If we learn from our mistakes, we will have learnt another secret to success. Although mistakes are annoying, as long as we face it bravely, we will succeed sooner or later.
There was once a time when I made a mistakes in math. Because of carelessness, I failed the exam. When I was depressed, it was my math teacher who gave me a hand and told me that mistakes could also teach us a lesson. What she told me encouraged me to face my math problems bravely. Finally, my math grades improved.
Taking my experience into conclusion, everyone can conquer the unavoidable mistakes in our life so long as we have faith in ourselves. Treasure the mistakes, and you will win the treasure.
【详解】题干解读：题目要求“The Mistake Made Me Grow Up”为题，用英语写一篇短文；要求短文应包含提示的要点，可适当发挥，且不能出现真实信息。
写作指导：此作文时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，采用第一人称口吻。此作文采用3段落式格式，第一段：简要说明错误对我们成长的重要性；第二段：介绍自己犯过的一次错误，以及如何在他人的帮助下改正的；第三段：简要说明自己从这次错误中得到的教训和经验。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came.
这几天天气有点热，一位大妈上了空调车投了一块钱。
司机说：“两块。”
大妈说：“是的，凉快。”
司机说：“空调车两块！”
大妈答：“空调车是凉快。”
司机又说：“投两块！”
大妈笑说：“不光头凉快，浑身都凉快。”说完往后头走。
司机说：“我告诉你钱投两块。
大妈说：“我觉得后头人少更凉快”
司机无语，一车人笑倒了！
周末逛街买了瓶可乐，发现一位老婆婆紧跟着我，于是转身问她：“有什么事吗？”
老奶奶说：“我要你手上的空瓶。”
原来如此，于是我把空瓶给了她。
谁知走了一段路发现她还跟着，纳闷地问她：“瓶子不是给你了吗？还有事？”
谁知她说：“这么热天我就不相信你不再买一瓶！”
拓展阅读
（一）
（2024上·江苏无锡·八年级统考期末）
Major Snow, the 21st solar term (节气) of the year, falls on Dec 7 this year. It means the beginning of midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly and there may be more snow days.
The arrival of snow adds a delightful touch to the cold days. The snow in North China may go on a whole day, breaking tree branches and blocking the road while snow doesn’t happen a lot, but just a little, great fun in the South.
The natural scenery is “ice blockading for hundred smiles and snow flying through thousands miles”, “From hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight”. In the South, the snowflakes fly around and the world turns white.
There’s a Chinese saying: “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.” Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts (融化), it also can provide enough water for the crops in the spring.
Snow season is also good for skiing and skating. In northern China, there are many places for natural snow and ice. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often already have big snow in November. People can also go to the frozen lakes to play ice sports. But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities. People in Chongqing like to have potted lamb soup or stewed lamb soup with their families and friends. People in Nanjing like to stew the lamb with yams or wolfberries to make it more delicious.
1．How does the writer describe the beauty of snow
A．By giving examples. B．By introducing activities.
C．By showing pictures. D．By using sayings and poems.
2．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4
A．A fall of snow can lead to a fruitful year.
B．A fall of snow can be dangerous to a fruitful year.
C．A fall of snow can help farmers harvest much fruit.
D．A fall of snow can prevent farmers from a good harvest.
3．What can we know about Major Snow from the passage
A．During Major Snow, the temperature falls greatly.
B．Major Snow is the most beautiful term among all.
C．People in the north like to stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities.
D．All the farmers like snow because it can offer enough water to the crops.
4．The following paragraph can go best after _________.
During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more water. At the same time, don’t drink cold water after exercise.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文介绍中国二十四节气中的大雪节气，包括大雪节气的气候特点、自然景观、对农作物的影响以及人们在雪季中的活动。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段“The natural scenery is “ice blockading for hundred smiles and snow flying through thousands miles”, “From hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight”以及第四段“There’s a Chinese saying: “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.” 可推知作者通过谚语和诗歌来描述雪的美。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“There’s a Chinese saying: ‘A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year’ Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts (融化), it also can provide enough water for the crops in the spring.”可知，雪可以保护庄稼免受冷锋的侵袭，使田地保持温暖。即使它融化了，它也可以在春天为作物提供足够的水。所以此处是指一场雪能带来丰饶的一年。 故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly and there may be more snow days.”可知大雪期间，气温急剧下降。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第五段“ But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the winter activities. People in Chongqing like to have potted lamb soup or stewed lamb soup with their families and friends. People in Nanjing like to stew the lamb with yams or wolfberries to make it more delicious.”但是南方人待呆在室内享受冬季活动。重庆人喜欢与家人和朋友一起喝炖羊肉汤。南京人喜欢用山药或枸杞炖羊肉，这样更美味。结合句子“During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more water.At the same time, don't drink cold water after exercise.”大雪期间，天气更干燥、更冷，所以人们应该多喝水。同时，运动后不要喝冷水。可推知此段放在第五段后更符合语境。故选D。
（二）
（2023上·安徽淮南·八年级统考期末）Good evening, I am the reporter Mary. It is the time for the weather report. Here is the weather report for tomorrow. The weather of tomorrow is very changeable (多变的). It will be sunny in the morning in Beijing. But in the afternoon, the weather will be rainy. In Shanghai, it will be cloudy in the morning, but it will be sunny in the afternoon. In Shenzhen, there will be rain and wind in the morning, and in the afternoon it will rain heavily. In Chongqing, it will be very hot, the temperature is about 40°C． Thank you for listening.
5．What’s the weather like in the afternoon in Beijing tomorrow
A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy. D．Windy.
6．In _________ it will be cloudy tomorrow morning.
A．Beijing B．Shanghai C．Shenzhen D．Chongqing
7．It will be rainy _________ in Shenzhen.
A．tomorrow morning B．tomorrow afternoon C．tomorrow evening D．all day tomorrow
8．If you want to go a park in Beijing tomorrow, you should go there _________.
A．in the morning B．in the afternoon C．in the evening D．at midnight
9．What season do you think it is
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter.
【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，预报了一些大城市的天气。
5．细节理解题。根据“It will be sunny in the morning in Beijing. But in the afternoon, the weather will be rainy.”可知，北京下午有雨。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据“In Shanghai, it will be cloudy in the morning, but it will be sunny in the afternoon. ”可知，明天上午上海多云。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“In Shenzhen, there will be rain and wind in the morning, and in the afternoon it will rain heavily. ”可知，深圳全天都有雨。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“It will be sunny in the morning in Beijing. But in the afternoon, the weather will be rainy.”可知，北京上午天气晴朗，适合去公园。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据“In Chongqing, it will be very hot, the temperature is about 40°C. ”可知，重庆温度要到40°左右，所以推测是夏季。故选B。
（三）
（2024上·天津和平·八年级天津一中校考期末）No one can change the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly, we can tell how the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints (关节). Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. It is probably because of the insects which they are hunting that they fly low. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁), then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
10．Many people feel joints pain _______.
A．because of coming rain
B．because they are ill
C．without any reason
D．because of the insects
11．Which is TRUE about weather forecasting
A．Weather forecasting is a way of telling about the weather on the following day or two.
B．Weather forecasting isn’t a way of telling what the weather will be like.
C．People can change the weather.
D．Weather forecasting is a sign of coming rain.
12．If the birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly, the weather will ________.
A．be rainy B．be warm C．continue to be clear and fine D．be cold
13．A rainbow during rainy weather is a sign of ________.
A．fine weather B．a rainy day C．fog D．bad weather
14．We must ________ to make weather forecasting.
A．use our eyes and brains B．study the weather
C．read the natural signs D．all of the above
【答案】10．A 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了天气预报的方法和一些民间的天气预测技巧。
10．细节理解题。根据“Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather—they feel joints” 可知，许多人从骨子里感受到潮湿天气的到来，这时关节就会疼。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据“This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting. ”可知，天气预报可以预测未来一两天的天气。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming”以及“ If the stars twinkle (闪烁 ), then fine weather will continue.”可知，一些鸟高飞或星星闪烁，那么好天气会持续。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine.”可知，雨天看到彩虹是天气晴朗的标志。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据“people have studied the weather”以及“Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.”以及列举的自然界中的生物的一些反应。可知，我们需要通过研究天气、读懂自然界的标志、用我们的眼睛和大脑来判定天气预报。故选D。
（2024上·黑龙江哈尔滨·八年级统考期末）No one can change the weather. Nobody can control the weather. But if we read correctly the signs (迹象) around us, we can tell what the more important changes in the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting.
For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather, their joints (关节) hurt. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way. They fly low probably because of the insects (昆虫) that they are looking for. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine, such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle (闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in color, then the following day will be fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come. Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
15．The underlined word “forecasting” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A．预报 B．变化 C．现象
16．According to this passage, if people’s joints hurt, it is ________.
A．because they are ill B．a sign of coming rain C．without any reason
17．The birds fly high and the stars twinkle clearly show that the weather will be ________.
A．cold B．rainy C．sunny
18．If a rainbow appears in the morning, the weather may be ________.
A．clear B．rainy C．cloudy
19．The best title of the passage should be ________.
A．Why People’s Joints Hurt
B．Rainbows and weather Forecasting
C．Using the Signs around Us to Make Weather Forecasting
【答案】15．A 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些天气现象与天气之间的关系，并介绍了一些常见的判断天气的方法。
15．词义猜测题。根据“This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two”可知，这种方法可以告诉我接下来一两天的天气会是什么样子，即预测天气。由此可知forecasting的意思是“预报”，故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“Many people feel in their bones the coming of wet weather, their joints (关节) hurt.”可知人们感到关节痛是因为下雨的天气要来临，故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way.”和“If the stars twinkle clearly at night, then fine weather will continue.”可知，鸟儿高飞，星星闪烁，那么天气就会晴朗。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come.”可知，如果彩虹出现在早晨，可能会下雨。故选B。
19．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一些天气现象与天气之间的关系，并介绍了一些常见的判断天气的方法。“利用我们周围的标志进行天气预报”是最佳标题。故选C。
（四）
（2023上·四川广安·八年级统考期末）
City Weather Highest temperature Lowest temperature Clothes
Beijing windy 9℃ -1℃ warm clothes
Harbin snowy -5℃ -12℃ thick coat
Wuhan rainy 18℃ 12℃ raincoat
Chongqing cloudy 20℃ 14℃ T-shirt
Guangzhou sunny 24℃ 16℃ T-shirt
20．What’s the weather like in Beijing
A．Windy. B．Snowy. C．Rainy. D．Sunny.
21．Which city has the highest temperature
A．Harbin. B．Wuhan. C．Chongqing. D．Guangzhou.
22．If you go to Chongqing, what should you wear according to the passage
A．A sweater. B．A thick coat. C．A T-shirt. D．A raincoat.
23．Sally goes to Harbin and she can ________.
A．fly a kite B．play with the snow
C．go swimming D．read books in the sun
24．Where can we probably read this passage
A．In a food magazine. B．In a storybook.
C．In a sports magazine. D．In a weather report.
【答案】20．A 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．D
【导语】本文是北京、哈尔滨、武汉、重庆和广州等五个城市的天气预报。
20．细节理解题。根据文中“Beijing…windy”可知，北京多风。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据文中“Guangzhou Highest temperature 24℃”可知，最高气温在广州。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据文中“Chongqing Clothes T-shirt”可知，如果你去重庆，你应该穿一件T恤。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据文中“Harbin Lowest temperature -12℃”可知，莎莉去哈尔滨，她可以玩雪。故选B。
24．推理判断题。本文是北京、哈尔滨、武汉、重庆和广州等五个城市的天气预报，有可能在天气预报中读到本文。故选D。
（五）
（2023上·安徽芜湖·八年级统考期末）
2023年二十四节气 24 solar terms of 2023
春分 Spring Equinox 芒种 Grain in Ear 立秋 Beginning of Autumn 大寒 Greater Cold
The 4th term The 9th term The 13th term The 24th term
March 21st June 6th August 8th January 20th
Everything begins to grow and flowers come out. Some birds fly back to the north. People always fly kites and go climbing. It keeps rainy and cloudy during that period. Many farmers are busy working in the fields. The leaves of trees start to fall, as the saying goes, “One leaf falls, autumn arrives.” People can feel that the wind is getting cool. It is snowy and cold. People wear thick clothes to keep warm. Children often make snowmen and do some winter sports like ice skating.
25．Spring Equinox is the best time to ______ .
A．work in the fields B．fly kites C．pick up leaves D．make snowmen
26．How’s the weather during Grain in Ear
A．Cloudy and windy. B．Sunny and hot. C．Rainy and cloudy. D．Snowy and cold.
27．Which solar term is the last one of all the solar terms
A．Spring Equinox.B．Grain in Ear. C．Beginning of Autumn. D．Greater Cold.
【答案】25．B 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文主要介绍四个节气：春分、芒种、立秋和大寒，它们的时间以及人们在这个时节进行活动。
25．推理判断题。根据“People always fly kites and go climbing.”可知，人们经常在春分时节放风筝和爬山，由此推知春分是放风筝的好时候。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据“It keeps rainy and cloudy during that period.”可知，天气一直阴雨连绵。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“Greater Cold”和“The 24th term”可知，24节气中，最后一个节气是大寒。故选D。
（六）
（2024上·陕西商洛·八年级统考期末）Most of us know about the weather through the weather report. But we can know the weather by ourselves. It is a useful skill. By learning what to look for, you can predict (预测) the weather.
▲Watch the Wind and Air.
Observe (观察) the direction of wind. Wind comes when air moves. Because weather moves in from the west, westerly winds bring good weather. Easterly winds bring the bad weather.
You can use grass or flower to decide the direction of the wind. Throw them into the air and watch the direction of the wind.
▲Watch smoke from a fire.
The air pressure (压力) decides where the smoke will go. In high pressure high up in the sky, the smoke will go up into the air. If the pressure is low, it will be back down around the fire. If you see the smoke back down, bad weather is likely coming.
▲Take a deep breath.
Close your eyes and smell (闻) the air. Smells become wet right before a storm, making them stronger. Before a storm, you should also notice a compost (堆肥) smell. If you smell this, it means that a storm is coming.
28．How do most of us know about the weather
A．We ask for others’ help. B．We find information online.
C．We watch the weather report. D．We learn what to look for
29．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Westerly winds bring bad weather. B．The flower can’t tell us anything about the weather.
C．The air pressure is the same in all the places. D．You can smell the air to know about the weather.
30．The main idea of the text is about ________.
A．how to make correct weather report B．how to predict the weather by ourselves
C．how to keep safe when bad weather is coming D．how to smell the air before a storm
【答案】28．C 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了在没有预报的情况下预测天气的方法。
28．细节理解题。根据“Most of us know about the weather through the weather report.”可知，我们大多数人通过天气预报了解天气。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Close your eyes and smell (闻) the air. Smells become wet right before a storm, making them stronger.”可知，可以通过闻空气的味道来了解天气。故选D。
30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在没有预报的情况下预测天气的方法。故选B。
（2023上·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）One day, Zhou Yu ordered Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows in ten days. Zhou Yu thought it was impossible, but Zhuge Liang said, “Give me three days.” Then he asked Lu Su to lend him 20 boats, and the soldiers put some scarecrows in line on the boats. He asked Lu Su not to tell Zhou Yu what was happening.
When Lu Su came again to see Zhuge Liang, he found nothing unusual. Nothing happened on the second day, either. In the small hours of the third day, Zhuge Liang invited Lu Su for a boat ride. The 20 boats were tied together with strong ropes. Zhuge’s boats went towards the camp of Cao Cao. The river was covered with thick mist (雾) all over. People could not see each other on the river. When Zhuge’s boats got close to the Cao camp before dawn (黎明), Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to shout and beat drums heavily. But Zhuge and Lu Su only sat inside one boat drinking wine to enjoy themselves.
As soon as the Cao camp heard the shouting and drum beating, they thought it was a surprise attack (攻击) by the Zhou Yu camp. Since they could see nobody on the river, they had to order 3,000 soldiers to shoot arrows to stop the attack. The front of the scarecrows was quickly full of arrows. After a while, Zhuge Liang had his boats turned around to get the other side of the scarecrows to face the Cao camp. When both sides were full of arrows, the day broke. Zhuge Liang ordered his soldiers to return. The soldiers shouted in excitement, “Thank you, Cao Cao, for your arrows.” After they got back to their camp, they collected more than 100,000 arrows in total from the scarecrows.
31．How many days did Zhuge Liang need to make 100,000 arrows
A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. D．Ten days.
32．The scarecrows on the boats were used for ________.
A．attacking enemies B．carrying arrows
C．sailing boats D．beating drums
33．How did Zhuge Liang complete the impossible task ________
A．With Zhou Yu’s great help. B．By fighting with Cao Cao.
C．By working hard day and night. D．Through a very clever trick.
34．From the text, we can know that ________.
A．Zhuge Liang might know the foggy weather of the third day
B．Zhuge Liang thought it was not easy to make 100,000 arrows
C．Cao Cao’s soldiers did badly in shooting arrows towards enemies
D．Cao Cao would be very happy after hearing the thanks for his arrows
【答案】31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了草船借箭的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据“Give me three days”可知他需要三天时间。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“The front of the scarecrows was quickly full of arrows”可知稻草人是为了携带箭。故选B。
33．推理判断题。通读全文可知，诸葛亮利用自己的聪明才智从曹操那里获得了10万支箭，所以他是通过一个非常聪明的把戏完成了任务。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据“The river was covered with thick mist (雾) all over. People could not see each other on the river.”可知诸葛亮第三天去曹操那里，可见他推知那天有雾，便于实施自己的计划。故选A。
（七）
（2024上·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. In China, people created the 24 solar terms thousands of years ago to guide agricultural (农业的) production.
Rain Water is one of the 24 solar terms which stands for the increase (增加) in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, the river water melts, wild geese fly from south to north, and trees and grass turn green again.
Here are several things you may not know but can make you know about Rain Water better. Let me introduce them to you.
Rain in spring is as precious (宝贵的) as oil
According to an old Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precious as oil. In northern China the spring drought (旱灾) is common. And the rain of this season is only 10 to 15 percent of yearly average (平均) rainfall. So at that time, rain is so precious and important to the crops.
Return of a cold period
A returning cold in the late spring often happens during Rain Water. The fast increase in air humidity (湿度) can result in lower temperature and wet weather. Remember not to take off your coats so early in this period.
Visit to in-laws (姻亲)
One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts. According to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four meters of red belt. They stand for good health and long life. Another traditional gift is a pot of cooked pig’s knuckles (蹄). The son-in-law expresses his thankfulness this way.
Nutritious porridge (营养粥) respect
The wet weather during Rain Water is harmful to people’s health according to Chinese medical practice. So a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to keep the body alive and healthy.
35．Why did people create the 24 solar terms
36．What does Rain Water stand for according to the article
37．How many things did the writer introduce to make us know Rain Water better
38．During Rain Water, what gifts do sons-in-law often give their in-laws
39．What do you think of the 24 solar terms (请自拟一句话作答)
【答案】35．To guide agricultural production. 36．The increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. 37．Four things. 38．Two cane chairs with four meters of red belt. 39．They are useful/meaningful.
【导语】本文介绍了一些与中国二十四节气中“雨水”相关的信息。
35．根据“In China, people created the 24 solar terms thousands of years ago to guide agricultural (农业的) production.”可知，人们创造二十四节气来指导农业生产。故填To guide agricultural production.
36．根据“Rain Water is one of the 24 solar terms which stands for the increase (增加) in rainfall and rise in temperature.”可知，“雨水”代表降雨量增加和温度上升。故填The increase in rainfall and rise in temperature.
37．根据“Rain in spring is as precious (宝贵的) as oil...Return of a cold period...Visit to in-laws (姻亲)...Nutritious porridge (营养粥) respect”可知，作者介绍了四件事，使我们更好地了解“雨水”。故填Four things.
38．根据“One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts. According to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four meters of red belt.”可知，“雨水”期间，女婿常常拜访他们的姻亲并赠送两把带四米红腰带的藤椅当作礼物。故填Two cane chairs with four meters of red belt.
39．开放性作答，言之成理即可。参考答案为：They are useful/meaningful.
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