2023—2024年高一第二学期期中英语测试题
（满分150 时间120分钟）
一、单项选择（每题1分，共15分）
1. — What’s happening in the new area
— New houses ________ recently over there.
A. are built B. built C. have built D. have been built
2. Tom sat in the classroom with his eyes ________ on the flowers outside the window.
A. fixing B. fixed C. to fix D. being fixed
3. In recent years, we’ve seen too many animals ________ to satisfy the needs of human.
A. killed B. killing C. be killed D. kill
4. With his attention ________ on his book, he noticed nothing.
A. concentrated B. concentrates C. concentrating D. to concentrate
5. The advice ________ by Mr. White sounds reasonable.
A. was offered B. offer C. offering D. offered
6. The red lanterns on the street added to the ________ of Spring Festival.
A. delivery B. system C. encounter D. atmosphere
7. These memories will remain for a short period of time and ________ within one or two days.
A. pass away B. go away C. fade away D. drive away
8. Albert Einstein made numerous ________ to the world, the most well-known ________ the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.
A. contributions; being B. achievements; being
C. contributions; is D. achievements; is
9. At the age of 84, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A. making; to win B. to make; winning C. making; winning D. to make; to win
10. Festivals are ______ that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.
A. harvests B. origin C. faiths D. occasions
11. The workers are not to blame because they carried out the plan as________.
A. tell B. told C. telling D. they told
12. Can you make sense of what he said _______, go and ask him.
A. If any B. If possible C. If not D. If so
13. When ______ to perform on the stage, he felt nervous and excited.
A. inviting B. invited C. to invite D. having invited
14. _____, we don't have to go home on foot.
A. There comes a bus B. Coming a bus there C. There coming a bus D. Because the bus coming
15. The speech _____, a lively discussion started.
A. being delivered B. was delivered C. be delivered D. having been delivered
二、阅读部分（每题2.5分，共50分）
第一节 阅读理解（每题2.5分，共37.5分）
A
San Francisco Fire Engine Tours
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running: February 1st through April 30th
This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price)
Departing from the Cannery: Tour times upon request.
Duration(时长): 2 hours
Price: $90
Back to the Fifties Tour
Running: August 16th through August 31st
This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.
Departing from the Cannery: 5:00 pm and 7:30 pm
Duration: 2 hours
Price: $90
Spooky Halloween Tour
Running: October 10th through October 31st
Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.
Departing from the Cannery: 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Price: Available upon request
Holiday Lights Tour
Running: December 6th through December 23rd
This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.
Departing from the Cannery: 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Advance reservations required.
16. Which of the tours is available in March
A. San Francisco Winery Tour. B. Back to the Fifties Tour.
C. Spooky Hallowen Tour. D. Holiday Lights Tour.
17. What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours
A. Go to Treasure Island. B. Enjoy the holiday scenes.
C. Have free ice cream. D. Visit the Presidio district.
18. What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour
A. Take some drinks. B. Set off early in the morning.
C. Wear warm clothes. D. Make reservations in advance.
B
There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server, it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence robot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
19. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its working theory. B. Its language model.
C. Its design inspiration. D. Its development process.
20. Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3
A. To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
21. What is ChatGPT Plus intended for
A. Guiding users to experience free services.
B. Giving users priority access during peak hours.
C. Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
D. Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
22. What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google
A. It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
B. It can only update information at a fixed time
C. It needs longer to provide solutions.
D. It operates based on limited data.
C
You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others- -and even themselves--to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have filler, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
23. What does the word “They” in paragraph 1 probably refer to
A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems.
C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings.
24. According to Paragraph 2, creators ________.
A. seem willing to experience failures in life B. possess the ability to predict future life
C. handle ups and downs of life wisely D. have potential to create something new
25. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that ________.
A. different reactions to sufferings lead to different life paths.
B. people need family support to deal with challengers in life.
C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.
D. one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life.
26. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A To define victims and creators.
B. To evaluate victims against creators.
C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
D
Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.
For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.
The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.
If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.
27. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages
A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.
B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.
C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.
D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.
28. “The heyday of the snowman” （paragraph 4） means the time when___________.
A. snowmen were made mainly by artists
B. snowmen enjoyed great popularity
C. snowmen were politically criticized
D. snowmen caused damaging floods
29. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.
A. the start of the parade
B. the coming of a longer summer
C. the passing of the winter
D the success of tradesmen
30. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage
A. They were appreciated in history
B. They have lost their value
C. They were related to movies
D. They vary in shape and size
第二节 七选五（每题2.5分，共12.5分）
Do you like to shop online ___31___ Maybe you like to do both these things. Smart shoppers know how to use different methods to get the best price.
One common shopper strategy is “showrooming.” This means that customers go into a store, look at the product, talk to a salesperson, and then use their smartphones or other mobile devices to find a better price. “Reverse showrooming” is another strategy. ___32___ One thing is for certain: shoppers are now using many strategies to get the best price.
The number of online shoppers is rising, but not as fast as retailers (零售商) first thought. People still like to go into stores. Teens especially prefer to shop at the shopping center. ___33___
In order to keep customers coming into stores, managers need to train salespeople well. In-store shoppers want salespeople to give them a lot of attention, be polite, and know a lot about the product.
___34___ At the top of the list are electronic products. It's easy to research these products and compare prices online.
However, online shopping doesn't work for every product. People prefer to shop for food in a store. ___35___ But you still need to drive the car. If you're buying a mattress (床垫), online reviews can't tell you if it will be comfortable for you. You still need to go into the store and lie on it.
A. What products do shoppers like to buy online
B. With online shopping, you can't try before you buy.
C. Usually the products we find online have better prices.
D. Or do you prefer to go into a store and look at a product
E. If you're buying a new car, you can research prices online.
F. Shopping for them is not about finding the best price; it's a social experience.
G. Customers first go online to do research and then go into a store to get the product.
三、完形填空（每题1分，共15分）
Ring! Ring! Ring! It was early in the morning. Though I knew who was ___36___, I unwillingly reached for the telephone. I was a new supply instructor (代课老师) struggling to support my young family. Each morning I waited for a call that would take me to a different ___37___ that day. The last three of them had all been intended to ___38___ the teacher and see just how much bad___39___ he/she could deal with. I had responded by being ___40___and angry with the students. I didn’t really want to go to work that morning then, ___41___ since it was my birthday.
Still, I answered the phone and took the job. My family needed the money and I couldn’t___42___ to be picky. As I was driving to work, however, I decided that I was going to___43___again to be the best teacher I could be. ___44___ school started, the students treated me as their former teachers and once again were ready to see what they could ____45____. This time, though, I was still firm but ____46____with them. I did my best to make the lessons fun. I shared smiles, ____47____ their hard work, and encouraged their efforts. The effect was amazing. My uncontrollable classroom was soon____48____. Students were laughing and learning and I finally felt like I was doing my job____49____. I went home happily and enjoyed the rest of my birthday with my family.
Every day we are given another ____50____ to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy, and to make this world a better place. Every morning arises and begins once again to be the best of you.
36. A. coming B. speaking C. calling D. waiting
37. A. city B. world C. classroom D. factory
38 A. test B. spy C. promote D. embarrass
39. A. language B. teaching C. behavior D. result
40. A. concerned B. critical C. familiar D. careless
41. A. mostly B. basically C. possibly D. especially
42. A. bear B. allow C. offer D. afford
43. A. perform B. start C. pretend D. conduct
44. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If
45. A. get away with B. add to C. make up for D. build up
46. A. upset B. strict C. disappointed D. fair
47. A. felt B. stated C. praised D. understood
48. A. finished B. changed C. occupied D. freed
49. A. hard B. first C. ever D. right
50. A. promise B. chance C. confidence D. success
四、语法填空（每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city that crosses the divide between the ancient and the modern world. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to Imperial Palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of amazing history. Even down to its layout, the city ____51____(keep) its carefully structured system of ring roads, first formed in the Ming Dynasty, much as it has done since ____52____(it) construction.
Apart from all its ancient ____53____(wonder), Beijing is also a place that is open to fast-paced development of modern life, with tall modern buildings in steel and glass standing alongside the cultural relics of the past.
Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ____54____(become) attracted by this coexistence of old and new. And I was also surprised at how a city could preserve such a rich heritage while ____55____(constant) evolving and representing the modern world. So ____56____ I finally made the move here in early 2020, I jumped at the opportunity to explore as much of the capital as I could. ____57____ a keen photographer, I have spent the last 2 years ____58____(record) everything. I discovered the people and the places, through my camera. The remarkable development of this city, ____59____ is designed to protect the past while embracing the future, means there is always something new ____60____(discover) here. I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years and still not have scratched the surface, and that is part of the beauty of it.
五、单词拼写（每题1分，共15分）
61. A bicycle is often more________ (方便的)than a car in towns. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
62. Whether __________ (居民) felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
63. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be __________ (围绕) by evidence of four groups of people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
64. The landscape is a true feast for the eyes, with its __________ (翻滚) green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
65. So can I __________ (假设，认为) that the aim of this festival is to raise money (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
66. His ________(原来的；原作的) compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
67. It _________(特征) a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. Festivals are becoming more and more __________ (商业). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
69. I get lucky money in red __________ (信封) from my parents and relatives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
70. The product was developed in________（反应）to customer demand. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
71. To ____________(说明) my point, let me tell you a little story. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. You need to be more ______ (灵活的) and imaginative in your approach. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
73. On the shelf lay a book __________ (出版) 100 years ago. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74. People came from all over the world to seek their __________ (运气). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. The incident sparked off a whole __________ (系列) of events that nobody had foreseen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
六、句子翻译（每题3分，共15分）
76. 联合王国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。（belong to，work together in）（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
77. 这个现象令科学家吃惊，他们立即对其展开调查研究。（过去分词做状语，phenomenon）(汉译英)
__________________________________________________________________
78. 每年，人们都会举办各种各样的活动庆祝国庆节，从升旗仪式到烟花表演。 (range from… to, flag-raising ceremony, fireworks) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
79. 搬入新家之前, 母亲让人把房子重新装修了一番, 把地板都换了。（redecorate, replace）（汉译英）
80. 它们（唐人街）让从未去过中国的游客能够亲身体验中国传统文化。（allow，experience，first hand）（汉译英）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
七、书信写作（共25分，其中包含卷面5分）
81. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友James最近正在学汉语，他总是在唐人街见到“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”这句话，发邮件询问你这句话的意思。请你回复邮件：
要点如下：
1. 介绍这句话的字面意思
2. 解释这句话在唐人街比较常见的原因
3. 鼓励James继续学中文
注意：
1. 词数100-120左右，开头结尾已给出，不算入字数中
2 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
参考词汇：Confucius孔子
Dear James,
I’m glad to hear that you’re now applying yourself to learning Chinese.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua2023—2024年高一第二学期期中英语测试题
（满分150 时间120分钟）
一、单项选择（每题1分，共15分）
1. — What’s happening in the new area
— New houses ________ recently over there.
A. are built B. built C. have built D. have been built
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——新区发生了什么事？——那边最近建了新房子。new houses和build为被动关系，需用被动语态，排除B项和C项；结合时间状语“recently”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故选D。
2. Tom sat in the classroom with his eyes ________ on the flowers outside the window.
A. fixing B. fixed C. to fix D. being fixed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆坐在教室里，眼睛盯着窗外的花。动词短语fix one’s eyes on“集中目光于”是固定搭配，his eyes与动词fix之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故选B项。
3. In recent years, we’ve seen too many animals ________ to satisfy the needs of human.
A. killed B. killing C. be killed D. kill
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，我们看到太多的动物被杀死，无法满足人类的需求。本句的谓语动词为have seen，故此处应填非谓语动词，animals和kill“杀死”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾补，故选A。
4. With his attention ________ on his book, he noticed nothing.
A. concentrated B. concentrates C. concentrating D. to concentrate
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他全神贯注地看书，什么也没注意到。本题考查with的复合结构，介词with后宾语his attention与concentrate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。
5. The advice ________ by Mr. White sounds reasonable.
A. was offered B. offer C. offering D. offered
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特先生提供的建议听起来很合理。本句谓语为sounds，此处为非谓语动词，且advice与offer“提供”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故选D。
6. The red lanterns on the street added to the ________ of Spring Festival.
A. delivery B. system C. encounter D. atmosphere
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：街上的红灯笼增添了春节的气氛。A.delivery 寄送；B. system 系统；C. encounter 遇见；D. atmosphere 气氛。结合句意可知，街上的红灯笼增添了春节的气氛
。故选D。
7. These memories will remain for a short period of time and ________ within one or two days.
A. pass away B. go away C. fade away D. drive away
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些记忆会停留很短的一段时间，并在一两天内消失。A. pass away去世；B. go away走开；C. fade away逐渐消失；D. drive away驱车离开。根据上文“These memories will remain for a period of time and”可知，空格处应表达“消失”，故用fade away。故选C。
8. Albert Einstein made numerous ________ to the world, the most well-known ________ the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.
A. contributions; being B. achievements; being
C. contributions; is D. achievements; is
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析和独立主格结构。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦对世界做出了许多贡献，最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2。contributions贡献；achievements成就。根据第一空前后的“made numerous”和“to the world”可知，第一空用固定短语make contributions to表示“为……做出贡献”；句子已有谓语made，第二空和前后内容构成独立主格结构，be和the most well-known逻辑上是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式being。故选A。
9. At the age of 84, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A. making; to win B. to make; winning C. making; winning D. to make; to win
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词和动词不定式。句意：84岁的屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔医学奖，这使她成为第一位获得该奖项的中国女科学家。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语是was awarded，且无连词，第一个空处应用非谓语动词，动词make与前面一句话是主动的关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。根据female Chinese scientist前有the first修饰，第二个空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故选A项。
10. Festivals are ______ that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.
A. harvests B. origin C. faiths D. occasions
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：节日是让我们放松和享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。A. harvests收获；B. origin起源；C. faiths宗教信仰，信任；D. occasions场合，时机，……的时候。根据句意可知，此处表示放松和享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻，occasions符合句意。故选D。
11. The workers are not to blame because they carried out the plan as________.
A. tell B. told C. telling D. they told
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：工人们不应该受到责备，因为他们按照规定执行了计划。分析句子结构可知，此处为as引导的方式状语从句的省略，从句的完整形式为as they were told，主语the workers与tell之间是被动关系，从句的主语与主句主语一致，而且有be动词，可省略主语和be动词。故选B。
12. Can you make sense of what he said _______, go and ask him.
A. If any B. If possible C. If not D. If so
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查省略句句意辨析。句意：你能理解他说的话吗？如果不，你就去问他。A. If any如果有的话；B. If possible如果可能的话；C. If not如果不；D. If so如果是这样的话。由“go and ask him”可知，句子表示“如果不，你就去问他”，空格处意为“如果不”。故选C。
13. When ______ to perform on the stage, he felt nervous and excited.
A. inviting B. invited C. to invite D. having invited
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：当被邀请上台表演时，他既紧张又兴奋。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当他被邀请上台表演时”，由felt可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，是when he was invited to perform on the stage，从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是invited。故选B。
14. _____, we don't have to go home on foot.
A. There comes a bus B. Coming a bus there C. There coming a bus D. Because the bus coming
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：来了一辆公共汽车，我们不必步行回家了。根据句意及所给句子可知，we don't have to go home on foot是一个完整的句子，又没有连接词，所以横线上需要使用独立主格结构，a bus与come是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，且方位副词there位于句首，应用全部倒装结构。故选C。
15. The speech _____, a lively discussion started.
A. being delivered B. was delivered C. be delivered D. having been delivered
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：演讲结束后，一场热烈的讨论开始了。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是独立主格结构，首先横线位置应填伴随状语，即动词的现在分词形式，故BC不对，又因为后面用started说明一个动作已经完成，讲座在开始讨论之前，动作已经完成，所以要用完成式。故选D。
二、阅读部分（每题2.5分，共50分）
第一节 阅读理解（每题2.5分，共37.5分）
A
San Francisco Fire Engine Tours
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running: February 1st through April 30th
This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price)
Departing from the Cannery: Tour times upon request.
Duration(时长): 2 hours
Price: $90
Back to the Fifties Tour
Running: August 16th through August 31st
This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.
Departing from the Cannery: 5:00 pm and 7:30 pm
Duration: 2 hours
Price: $90
Spooky Halloween Tour
Running: October 10th through October 31st
Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.
Departing from the Cannery: 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Price: Available upon request
Holiday Lights Tour
Running: December 6th through December 23rd
This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.
Departing from the Cannery: 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Advance reservations required.
16. Which of the tours is available in March
A. San Francisco Winery Tour. B. Back to the Fifties Tour.
C. Spooky Hallowen Tour. D. Holiday Lights Tour.
17. What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours
A. Go to Treasure Island. B. Enjoy the holiday scenes.
C. Have free ice cream. D. Visit the Presidio district.
18. What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour
A. Take some drinks. B. Set off early in the morning.
C. Wear warm clothes. D. Make reservations in advance.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。推荐了旧金山的几种消防车旅行。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。由San Francisco Winery Tour标题下“Running: February 1st through April 30th”（运营时间：2月1日至4月30日）可知，San Francisco Winery Tour可以在3月份进行，故选A项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。由Back to the Fifties Tour 标题下“Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.”（享受有趣的历史，我们带您穿越旧金山，免费品尝冰淇淋。）可知，在这个旅行中游客们可以免费品尝冰淇淋，故选C项。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。由Holiday Lights Tour标题下“Advance reservations required.”（需要提前预约）可知，本次旅行是需要提前预约的，故选D项。
B
There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server, it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence robot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
19. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A. Its working theory. B. Its language model.
C. Its design inspiration. D. Its development process.
20. Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3
A To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B. To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C. To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D. To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
21. What is ChatGPT Plus intended for
A. Guiding users to experience free services.
B. Giving users priority access during peak hours.
C. Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
D. Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
22. What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google
A. It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
B. It can only update information at a fixed time
C It needs longer to provide solutions.
D. It operates based on limited data.
【答案】19. A 20. A 21. B 22. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT的出现，市场反应，并对它的优点及弊端进行分析。
【19题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习). (ChatGPT会记住你的对话线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知下一步的回答。它的答案来源于互联网上的大量信息。ChatGPT建立在OpenAI GPT-3大型语言模型家族的基础上，并使用监督和强化学习进行微调（一种迁移学习方法）)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于ChatGPT的工作原理。故选A。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.(上线几天后，超过100万人试用了ChatGPT。UBS分析师Lloyd Walmsley在2023年2月估计，ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到1亿，用了2个月就完成了TikTok约9个月和Instagram两年半的用户数)”可推知，作者在第3段列出数字是为了显示ChatGPT的受欢迎程度。故选A。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. (截至2023年2月1日，OpenAI推出了ChatGPT pro计划，ChatGPT Plus，允许用户即使在高峰时段也可以访问)”可知，ChatGPT Plus的目的是在高峰时段给予用户优先访问权。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.(因为它的编程，ChatGPT的知识有限，但谷歌有无限的知识，每天都在更新)”可知，与Google相比，ChatGPT的局限性是基于有限的数据进行操作。故选D。
C
You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others- -and even themselves--to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have filler, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
23. What does the word “They” in paragraph 1 probably refer to
A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems.
C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings.
24. According to Paragraph 2, creators ________.
A. seem willing to experience failures in life B. possess the ability to predict future life
C. handle ups and downs of life wisely D. have potential to create something new
25. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that ________.
A. different reactions to sufferings lead to different life paths.
B. people need family support to deal with challengers in life.
C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.
D. one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life.
26. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To define victims and creators.
B. To evaluate victims against creators.
C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
【答案】23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比选择成为生活的受害者或创造者对生活产生的不同影响来告诫我们要改变我们看待事情的观念，使自己从受害者的角色变为创造者。
【23题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段前四句“You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around.”（在生活中，你有很多机会选择成为受害者或创造者。当你选择成为受害者时，这个世界是一个冷酷而艰难的地方。“他们”对你做了一些事，造成了你所有的痛苦和折磨。“他们”是错误的，坏的，只要“他们”在身边，生活就很可怕。）可知，当自己选择成为受害者时，对周围的人和物会持消极否定的态度，认为他们造成了自己的痛苦，使自己的生活苦不堪言，故这里“They”指代周围的人和物。故选A项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.”（他们相信他们与生命中每一个神圣时刻的舞蹈都是一份礼物，暴风雨是生命中自然的一部分，可以带来情感和精神成长所需的雨水。）可知，创造者对待生命中的福与祸都持积极乐观的态度。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段后两句“One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.”（一个人，在失去一份工作或结束一段特殊的关系时，可能会觉得好像是世界末日，陷入几个月、几年甚至一生的可怕痛苦中。另一个有同样经历的人可能会选择先经历悲伤，然后接受损失，很快就会爆发他生命中强大的创造力。）可知，面对痛苦，有的人可能从此一蹶不振，但有的人能够克服痛苦，成为更强大的自己，故而对痛苦的不同反应导致了不同的人生道路。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have filler, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are”（在任何时刻、任何情况下，你都可以通过设定一个清晰的意图来改变内心受害者的角色，并邀请你这个强大的创造者的角色进入你的生活，从而选择充实、丰富的生活。）并结合上文对受害者和创造者对待生活不同态度的论述可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了改变我们看待事情的观念，使自己从受害者的角色变为创造者。故选D项。
D
Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.
For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.
The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.
If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.
27. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages
A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.
B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.
C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.
D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.
28. “The heyday of the snowman” （paragraph 4） means the time when___________.
A. snowmen were made mainly by artists
B. snowmen enjoyed great popularity
C. snowmen were politically criticized
D snowmen caused damaging floods
29. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.
A. the start of the parade
B. the coming of a longer summer
C. the passing of the winter
D. the success of tradesmen
30. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage
A. They were appreciated in history
B. They have lost their value
C. They were related to movies
D. They vary in shape and size
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述历史的文化标志：雪人。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky 在那时，表达方式的方法有限，雪就像是来自于上天的一种自由艺术。 这说明雪的流行是因为它是一种表达的方式，关键词是express，而且means 和way 同义。故选C。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段 If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed， don't worry： I've learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today．可知如果你担心雪人的全盛期已经过去，不要担心：我已经知道，一些爆炸性的雪人历史仍然在今天被创造。由此可见，"雪人的全盛时期"（第4段）是指雪人非常受欢迎的时期。所以答案就是B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Every year since 1818， the people of Zurich，Switzerland， celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman． 可知自1818年以来，瑞士苏黎世的人们每年都会用吹雪人来庆祝春天的开始。the passing of the winter冬天的过去，符合题意。所以答案是C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的第一句话look to many of history’s cultural symbols回顾许多的历史文化标志，另外整篇文章出现过很多的history，结合上下文可以知道答案是A （雪人在历史上是受欣赏的。）另外也可以根据排除法，排除其他选项。比如B选项，他们的价值现在依然存在，所以它的表达错误。C选项，雪人的确是与电影有关，但是这个答案不可以通过文章得出来。D选项在文章中没有提及这个内容。
第二节 七选五（每题2.5分，共12.5分）
Do you like to shop online ___31___ Maybe you like to do both these things. Smart shoppers know how to use different methods to get the best price.
One common shopper strategy is “showrooming.” This means that customers go into a store, look at the product, talk to a salesperson, and then use their smartphones or other mobile devices to find a better price. “Reverse showrooming” is another strategy. ___32___ One thing is for certain: shoppers are now using many strategies to get the best price.
The number of online shoppers is rising, but not as fast as retailers (零售商) first thought. People still like to go into stores. Teens especially prefer to shop at the shopping center. ___33___
In order to keep customers coming into stores, managers need to train salespeople well. In-store shoppers want salespeople to give them a lot of attention, be polite, and know a lot about the product.
___34___ At the top of the list are electronic products. It's easy to research these products and compare prices online.
However, online shopping doesn't work for every product. People prefer to shop for food in a store. ___35___ But you still need to drive the car. If you're buying a mattress (床垫), online reviews can't tell you if it will be comfortable for you. You still need to go into the store and lie on it.
A. What products do shoppers like to buy online
B. With online shopping, you can't try before you buy.
C. Usually the products we find online have better prices.
D. Or do you prefer to go into a store and look at a product
E. If you're buying a new car, you can research prices online.
F. Shopping for them is not about finding the best price; it's a social experience.
G. Customers first go online to do research and then go into a store to get the product.
【答案】31. D 32. G 33. F 34. A 35. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着科技的进步，人们的购物方式也发生了变化。在许多人选择网上购物的同时，仍有些人偏爱实体店带来的购物体验。
【31题详解】
下文“Maybe you like to do both these things.( 也许这两件事你都喜欢做。)”提到both these things可推断，本空内容涉及与网购不同的另一种购物方式，因此D项 (或者你更喜欢去商店看看产品？)符合上下文语境。故选D。
【32题详解】
根据上文内容“‘Reverse showrooming’ is another strategy. (“反向展示”是另一种策略。)可知，上文提到了一种购物策略，G项Customers first go online to do research and then go into a store to get the product. (顾客首先上网做研究，然后进入商店购买产品。)是对上文中Reverse show rooming这种购物策略的解释说明。故选G。
【33题详解】
根据上文“Teens especially prefer to shop at the shopping center. (青少年尤其喜欢在购物中心购物。)”可知F项 (对于他们,购物不是为了找到最好的价格，而是一种社会体验。)是对青少年喜欢在购物中心购物这一现象进行解释。F项中的them指代上文中的Teens，故选F。
【34题详解】
通过分析语境可知，下文“At the top of the list are electronic products (排在榜首的是电子产品)”是对A项“购物者喜欢在网上购买什么产品 ”所提出问题的回答，故选A。
【35题详解】
上文“However, online shopping doesn't work for every product. People prefer to shop for food in a store.(然而，网上购物并不适用于每一种产品。人们更喜欢在商店里买食物。)”说明有些东西不适合在网上购买，通过分析可知E项“If you're buying a new car, you can research prices online. (如果你要买新车，你可以在网上研究价格。)”与下文中的“But you still need to drive the car.(但你还是得开开车。)”涉及同一话题买车，举例说明某些商品不适合网购。下文中的the car指代E项中的a new car.。故选E。
三、完形填空（每题1分，共15分）
Ring! Ring! Ring! It was early in the morning. Though I knew who was ___36___, I unwillingly reached for the telephone. I was a new supply instructor (代课老师) struggling to support my young family. Each morning I waited for a call that would take me to a different ___37___ that day. The last three of them had all been intended to ___38___ the teacher and see just how much bad___39___ he/she could deal with. I had responded by being ___40___and angry with the students. I didn’t really want to go to work that morning then, ___41___ since it was my birthday.
Still, I answered the phone and took the job. My family needed the money and I couldn’t___42___ to be picky. As I was driving to work, however, I decided that I was going to___43___again to be the best teacher I could be. ___44___ school started, the students treated me as their former teachers and once again were ready to see what they could ____45____. This time, though, I was still firm but ____46____with them. I did my best to make the lessons fun. I shared smiles, ____47____ their hard work, and encouraged their efforts. The effect was amazing. My uncontrollable classroom was soon____48____. Students were laughing and learning and I finally felt like I was doing my job____49____. I went home happily and enjoyed the rest of my birthday with my family.
Every day we are given another ____50____ to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy, and to make this world a better place. Every morning arises and begins once again to be the best of you.
36. A. coming B. speaking C. calling D. waiting
37. A. city B. world C. classroom D. factory
38. A. test B. spy C. promote D. embarrass
39. A. language B. teaching C. behavior D. result
40. A. concerned B. critical C. familiar D. careless
41. A. mostly B. basically C. possibly D. especially
42. A. bear B. allow C. offer D. afford
43. A. perform B. start C. pretend D. conduct
44. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If
45. A. get away with B. add to C. make up for D. build up
46. A. upset B. strict C. disappointed D. fair
47. A. felt B. stated C. praised D. understood
48. A. finished B. changed C. occupied D. freed
49. A. hard B. first C. ever D. right
50. A. promise B. chance C. confidence D. success
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 41. D 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者为了养家糊口，每天不情愿地上课，批评表现差的学生。最后作者改变心态，给自己机会重新开始，对学生改观，开始表扬学生，并决定让自己成为优秀的好老师。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我知道谁打来电话，但我不情愿地伸手去拿电话。A. coming来；B. speaking说；C. calling打电话；D. waiting等。根据“Ring! Ring! Ring!”及“I unwillingly reached for the telephone.”可知，有人打电话给作者，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会等着一个电话，这个电话在那天会把我带到一个不同的教室。A. city城市；B. world世界；C. classroom教室；D. factory工厂。根据上文“I was a new supply instructor (代课老师) struggling to support my young family.”可知，作者是一位教师，所以她工作在学校的教室里，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后三个班级都是为了考验老师，看看他或她能处理多少不良行为。A. test考验；B. spy发现；C. promote推动；D. embarrass使尴尬。根据“see just how much bad___4___ he/she could deal with.”可知，此处描述的是学生对老师的考验，看看老师能处理多少不良行为，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后三个班级都是为了考验老师，看看他或她能处理多少不良行为。A. language语言；B. teaching教学；C. behavior行为；D. result结果。根据下文“My uncontrollable classroom was soon___13___.”可知，说明作者教的学生很难管理，故推知学生们有些不良行为，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的反应是批评学生和生学生的气。A. concerned担心的；B. critical批评的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. careless粗心的。根据“This time, though, I was still firm but ___11___with them.”可知，作者对学生严格，故推知学生犯错时，作者会批评他们。故选B。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天早上我真的不想去上班，尤其是因为那天是我的生日。A. mostly主要地；B. basically基本上；C. possibly可能地；D. especially尤其。根据“My uncontrollable classroom was soon___13___.”及“since it was my birthday.”可知，作者的学生很难控制，而且当天是作者的生日，所以作者尤其不想在生日那天上班，故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家庭需要钱，我承担不起挑剔的后果。A. bear容忍；B. allow允许；C. offer提供；D. afford承担得起。根据“My family needed the money”可知，我的家庭需要钱，所以作者必须去上班。故推知作者承担不起挑剔工作的后果。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我开车去上班时，我决定要重新开始，成为我能成为的最好的老师。A. perform执行；B. start开始；C. pretend假装；D. conduct实施。根据下文“Every morning arises and begins once again to be the best of you.”可知，作者认为每天都是新的开始，所以打算改变对学生的态度，重新开始，故选B。
【44题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：开学时，学生们把我当成他们以前的老师，并再次准备看看他们能逃脱什么惩罚。A. Since自从；B. Although虽然；C. As当……时；D. If如果。根据“the students treated me as their former teachers and once again were ready to see what they could ___10___.”可知，此处描述的是开学时的场景，学生们再次开始试探老师，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：开学时，学生们把我当成他们以前的老师，并再次准备看看他们能逃脱什么惩罚。A. get away with逃脱惩罚；B. add to增加；C. make up for弥补；D. build up建立。根据“The last three of them had all been intended to ___3___ the teacher and see just how much bad___4___ he/she could deal with.”及“the students treated me as their former teachers”可知，新学期开始了，学生们认为老师和之前一样，所以再次考验老师，看看老师能处理多少不良行为，看看自己能逃脱多少惩罚，故选A。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，这一次，我对他们的态度仍然严格，但也公平。A. upset难过的；B. strict严格的；C. disappointed失望的；D. fair公正的。根据“This time, though, I was still firm”及“I shared smiles, ___12___ their hard work, and encouraged their efforts.”可知，作者不只是对学生严格，但也表扬学生。故推知作者严慈相济，公平对待学生，故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我分享了笑容，赞扬了他们的努力，并鼓励他们努力学习。A. felt感觉；B. stated陈述；C. praised表扬；D. understood理解。根据“I shared smiles”及“and encouraged their efforts.”可知，作者鼓励学生，对学生笑。故推知作者不只是批评学生，也开始表扬，鼓励学生了，故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：效果很棒。我无法控制的课堂很快就改变了。A. finished完成；B. changed改变；C. occupied占据；D. freed摆脱，解放。根据下文“Students were laughing and learning and I finally felt like I was doing my job___14___.”可知，学生开心地学习，故推知作者改变了教育方式，学生们也随之改变了，课堂的氛围也改变了，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：学生们在笑和学习，我终于觉得我做的是正确的。A. hard努力地；B. first首先；C. ever曾经；D. right正确地。根据“Every day we are given another ___15___ to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy, and to make this world a better place.”可知，作者做出的改变使课堂和学生变得更好了，所以作者的做法是正确的，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一天，我们都有另一个机会把事情做好，用爱和快乐过我们的生活，让这个世界变得更美好。A. promise承诺；B. chance机会；C. confidence自信；D. success成功。根据下文“Every morning arises and begins once again to be the best of you.”可知，每天都是新的开始，故推知每天都有新的机会，能够让我们把事情做好，故选B。
四、语法填空（每题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city that crosses the divide between the ancient and the modern world. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to Imperial Palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of amazing history. Even down to its layout, the city ____51____(keep) its carefully structured system of ring roads, first formed in the Ming Dynasty, much as it has done since ____52____(it) construction.
Apart from all its ancient ____53____(wonder), Beijing is also a place that is open to fast-paced development of modern life, with tall modern buildings in steel and glass standing alongside the cultural relics of the past.
Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ____54____(become) attracted by this coexistence of old and new. And I was also surprised at how a city could preserve such a rich heritage while ____55____(constant) evolving and representing the modern world. So ____56____ I finally made the move here in early 2020, I jumped at the opportunity to explore as much of the capital as I could. ____57____ a keen photographer, I have spent the last 2 years ____58____(record) everything. I discovered the people and the places, through my camera. The remarkable development of this city, ____59____ is designed to protect the past while embracing the future, means there is always something new ____60____(discover) here. I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years and still not have scratched the surface, and that is part of the beauty of it.
【答案】51. has kept##has been keeping
52. its 53. wonders
54. became 55. constantly
56. when##as
57. As 58. recording
59. which 60. to discover
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合的面貌。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：即使在布局上，这座城市也保留了其精心设计的环路系统，环路最早形成于明朝，自建城以来一直如此。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语，根据“since…”可知，本句为现在完成时，如强调一直保存，用现在完成进行时。主语city为单数。故填has kept/has been keeping.
2.考查代词。句意同上。空处限定construction，用形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填its。
3.考查名词。句意：除了所有的古代奇观，北京也是一个对快节奏发展的现代生活开放的地方，高耸的钢和玻璃现代建筑矗立在过去的文物旁边。Apart from“除了”，from为介词，其后用名词作宾语，此处用复数，表示不止一处奇观。故填wonders。
4.考查动词时态。句意：在过去的10年里，我曾多次访问过这里，被这种新旧共存的环境所吸引。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语，根据状语部分“Having visited several times over the last 10 years”及下文“I was also surprised”可知，这里用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填became。
5.考查副词。句意：我也惊讶于一个城市如何在保持如此丰富的遗产的同时不断发展和代表现代世界。空处修饰evolving，用副词作状语。故填constantly。
6.考查状语从句。句意：因此，当我最终在2020年初搬到这里时，我抓住了这个机会，尽可能多地探索首都。分析句子可知，空处缺少从属连词引导时间状语从句，结合句意，表示“当……时”用when/as。故填when/as。
7.考查介词。句意：作为一个敏锐的摄影师，我花了两年的时间记录一切。空处缺少介词，根据句意可知，此处表示“作为”，用as，放在句首，首字母大写。故填As。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”为固定结构，空处缺少现在分词作状语。故填recording。
9.考查定语从句。句意：这座城市的显著发展，旨在保护过去，拥抱未来，意味着这里总有新的东西要发现。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为development，作从句的主语，表示事物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。something为不定代词，空处缺少不定式作后置定语修饰，something new to discover意思为：一些新的发现。故填to discover。
五、单词拼写（每题1分，共15分）
61. A bicycle is often more________ (方便的)than a car in towns. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】convenient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在城镇里，自行车通常比汽车更方便的。根据句意和汉语提示应填convenient“方便的”作表语，故填convenient。
62. Whether __________ (居民) felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】residents
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：居民是否觉得自己参与了搬家的决定，以及他们在那里住了多久，也被证明是重要的。根据汉语提示可知应用名词resident，结合后文they可知为复数名词。故填residents。
63. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be __________ (围绕) by evidence of four groups of people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】surrounded
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在英国，无论你走到哪里，你都会被四类人所包围。be surrounded by被……所包围。根据汉语提示及句意，故填surrounded。
64. The landscape is a true feast for the eyes, with its __________ (翻滚) green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】rolling
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这里的景色真是赏心悦目，连绵起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。根据提示的汉语，表示“翻滚”应为roll，分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰green hills，green hills与roll之间为主动关系，所以此处为现在分词形式。故填rolling。
65. So can I __________ (假设，认为) that the aim of this festival is to raise money (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】assume
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：所以我可以假设这个节日的目的是筹集资金吗？根据提示的汉语，表示“假设，认为”应为动词assume，分析句子结构可知，此空所在的句子为一般疑问句，情态动词can提至主语之前，所以此处使用动词原形。故填assume。
66. His ________(原来的；原作的) compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】original
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的原创作品开始在唱诗班和歌手中流行起来。根据句意和所给汉语提示分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词compositions，且意义为“原来的；原作的”，所以应该用形容词original。故填original。
67. It _________(特征) a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】featured
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：它以游行和盛宴为特色，有音乐、舞蹈和体育。根据汉语提示“特征”，以及分析句子结构，可知设空处是谓语动词，本句用一般过去时描述过去的事情。故填featured。
68. Festivals are becoming more and more __________ (商业). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】commercial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：节日正变得越来越商业化。根据中文意思可知使用形容词commercial“商业的”，作为become的表语。故填commercial。
69. I get lucky money in red __________ (信封) from my parents and relatives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】envelopes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我从父母和亲戚那里得到红包。根据提示的汉语，表示“信封”应为envelope，分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，根据“from my parents and relatives”可知，此处得到的不只是一个红包，所以信封应为复数形式。故填envelopes。
70. The product was developed in________（反应）to customer demand. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)
【答案】response
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：该产品是应客户需求而开发的。in response to回答； 响应。根据汉语提示及句意，故填response。
71. To ____________(说明) my point, let me tell you a little story. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】illustrate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了说明我观点，让我给你们讲个小故事。分析句子可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，不定式to后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填illustrate。
72. You need to be more ______ (灵活的) and imaginative in your approach. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你需要更多的灵活的和富有想象力的方法。根据提示及空前的more可知，用形容词flexible作表语。故填flexible。
73. On the shelf lay a book __________ (出版) 100 years ago. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】published
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：书架上放着一本100年前出版的书。分析句子结构可知，此处需要用到非谓语动词作定语修饰前面的名词“book”。根据句意，书是在100年前被出版的， a book与publish“出版”之间是被动关系，因此使用过去分词作定语，表示被动和完成，故答案是published。
74. People came from all over the world to seek their __________ (运气). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】fortune
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们从世界各地来寻找他们的发财机会。根据提示的汉语，表示“运气”应为fortune，分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，且为不可数名词，seek one’s fortune意为“寻找发财机会”符合句意。故填fortune。
75. The incident sparked off a whole __________ (系列) of events that nobody had foreseen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】series
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这一事件引发了一系列谁也没有预见到的事件。根据提示的汉语，表示“系列”应为series，a series of意为“一些列的”修饰名词events。故填series。
六、句子翻译（每题3分，共15分）
76. 联合王国的这四个国家在某些方面共同合作。（belong to，work together in）（汉译英）
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【答案】The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in certain areas.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、时态及固定短语。分析句子可知，主语是“这四个国家”，它们都属于联合王国，可以使用定语从句和belong to短语翻译这部分，翻译为The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom；谓语是“共同合作”，使用短语work together，陈述客观情况，用一般现在时；状语是“在某些方面”，翻译为in certain areas，故本句可翻译为The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in certain areas.
77. 这个现象令科学家吃惊，他们立即对其展开调查研究。（过去分词做状语，phenomenon）(汉译英)
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【答案】Surprised by the phenomenon, scientists immediately launched an investigation into it.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词、名词、副词以及时态。句子陈述过去事实，时态使用一般过去时。根据题目要求“过去分词做状语”，可以把句子写成带有过去分词充当状语的主谓宾结构。主语“科学家”的表示泛指，用复数scientists；“对……展开调查研究”可用动词短语launched an investigation into；“立即”为修饰动词launched的状语，可使用副词immediately；“这个现象令科学家吃惊”应使用非谓语形式充当状语，其中“吃惊”使用动词surprise，和主语是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词形式surprised，“现象”应使用名词phenomenon，根据句意应使用单数形式。故翻译为Surprised by the phenomenon, scientists immediately launched an investigation into it.
78. 每年，人们都会举办各种各样的活动庆祝国庆节，从升旗仪式到烟花表演。 (range from… to, flag-raising ceremony, fireworks) (汉译英)
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【答案】Every year, people celebrate National Day with a variety of activities, ranging from flag-raising ceremony to fireworks.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和现在分词。表示“每年”应用every year，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时．主语“人们”译为people，谓语部分是“庆祝国庆节”，根据时间状语可知，用一般现在时，译为celebrate National Day，“通过各种各样的活动”译为with a variety of activities，介词短语作方式状语，“从升旗仪式到烟花表演”译为ranging from flag-raising ceremony to fireworks，现在分词作后置定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，修饰名词activities。故译为：Every year, people celebrate National Day with a variety of activities, ranging from flag-raising ceremony to fireworks.
79. 搬入新家之前, 母亲让人把房子重新装修了一番, 把地板都换了。（redecorate, replace）（汉译英）
【答案】Before moving to our new home, my mother had the house redecorated and the floors replaced.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。表示“搬入新家之前”应用before moving to our new home；表示“我的妈妈”应用my mother；表示“让某事被做”应用have sth. done；表示“房子”应用the house；表示“重新装修”应用redecorate；表示“地板”应用the floors；表示“替换”应用replace，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，the house和redecorate为动宾关系；the floors和replace为动宾关系；redecorate和replace需用过去分词作宾语补足语。故翻译成：Before moving to our new home, my mother had the house redecorated and the floors replaced.
80. 它们（唐人街）让从未去过中国的游客能够亲身体验中国传统文化。（allow，experience，first hand）（汉译英）
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【答案】They (Chinatowns) allow visitors who have never been to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、定语从句和固定短语。根据句意可知，该句描述的为客观事实，所以该句整体使用一般现在时，结合句意可知，句子为主从复合句，“从未去过中国的”应为定语从句，修饰先行词“游客”，主句为“他们（唐人街）让游客能够亲身体验中国传统文化”；主句中，主语“他们”用they，指的是“唐人街”Chinatowns，是第三人称复数形式，位于句首，they的首字母需大写，根据提示，谓语“让……做”可用动词短语allow sb. to do sth.，表示“游客”作宾语，应为名词visitors，宾语补足语“体验中国传统文化”可用动词短语的不定式形式to experience traditional Chinese culture，表示“亲自”作状语，应为提示语first hand，所以主句应译为They (Chinatowns) allow visitors to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand；定语从句中，先行词visitors指人，作主语，是复数，所以使用=关系代词who引导定语从句，结合句意，表示“从未到过中国”应使用现在完成时，主语who指的是复数意义，所以从句的谓语动词为have never been to China。故翻译为They (Chinatowns) allow visitors who have never been to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand.
七、书信写作（共25分，其中包含卷面5分）
81. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友James最近正在学汉语，他总是在唐人街见到“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”这句话，发邮件询问你这句话的意思。请你回复邮件：
要点如下：
1. 介绍这句话的字面意思
2. 解释这句话在唐人街比较常见的原因
3. 鼓励James继续学中文
注意：
1. 词数100-120左右，开头结尾已给出，不算入字数中
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
参考词汇：Confucius孔子
Dear James,
I’m glad to hear that you’re now applying yourself to learning Chinese.
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Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear James,
I’m glad to hear that you’re now applying yourself to learning Chinese. After getting your E-mail asking about the sentence “What a joy it is to have friends coming from afar”, I hasten to write to you to give you an explanation.
The sentence written by Confucius mainly conveys a feeling of happiness when seeing a friend coming from far away. The reason why it frequently appears in China Town is that the owners running the restaurants warmly welcome the foreign citizen of Chinese origin, they hold the same origins and it is extremely amazing to see families in a foreign country. So they express their warmth and love for their compatriot by the sentence.
There are still many sentences like this in Chinese, all of which convey strong emotions and deep meanings. It must be a wonderful experience to explore it by yourself. So, it is high time that you began to study more about Chinese, looking forward to your success in Chinese learning.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。美国朋友James最近正在学汉语，他总是在唐人街见到“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”这句话，要求学生给James回复邮件解释。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
忙于：apply oneself to→occupy oneself with
给与：give→offer
极其：extremely→fairly/quite
表达：express→convey
2.句式拓展：
简单句变复合句
原句：So they express their warmth and love for their compatriot by the sentence.
拓展句：So it is by the sentence that they express their warmth and love for their compatriot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
There are still many sentences like this in Chinese, all of which convey strong emotions and deep meanings.（运用了非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】
The sentence written by Confucius mainly conveys a feeling of happiness when seeing a friend coming from far away.（运用了过去分词作定语。）
