树德中学高2023级高一下学期半期考试英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC和D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。
A
Temples have long served an important role since the early years of civilization. Whether you are seeking a sense of spiritual enlightenment or looking to learn more about a certain religion, these beautiful temples are worth a stop on your vacation.
Paro Taktsang in the Paro Valley, Bhutan
Situated on a steep cliff in Bhutan’s Paro Valley, the “Tiger’s Nest” earned its nickname from an 18th-century tale detailing Buddhist master Padmasambhava arriving to the site on a flying tiger. The journey to the cliffside is quite the challenge, requiring guests to climb two hours on a steep trail.
Seiganto-ji in Nachikatsuura, Japan
Neighboring the tallest waterfall and set against the lush trees of Nachi, Seiganto-ji dates back to the 4th century. Seiganto-ji is now the first stop on the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage, where individuals travel to 33 Buddhist temples throughout the Kansai region of Japan.
Man Mo Temple in Hong Kong
This Buddhist and Taoist temple was built to honor the god of literature and the god of war, and the inscriptions found in the temple hall imply its construction may have taken place around 1847. It is still highly active and visited by local worshippers, so it’s asked that any visitor coming to the temple is prohibited from taking photos out of respect.
Kek Lok Si Temple, Malaysia
Penang is often touted(吹捧) for its sandy beaches and emerald blue waters, but it’s also home to the largest Buddhist temple in Malaysia. A melting pot of cultures, the temple’s architecture showcases Chinese, Thai, and Burmese styles throughout its stunning seven stories. It’s estimated there are 10,000 statues of Buddha depicted throughout its main pagodas(宝塔).
21. If you hope to enjoy a sea view, which temple is the best choice
A. Paro Taktsang in the Paro Valley, Bhutan. B. Seiganto-ji in Nachikatsuura, Japan.
C. Man Mo Temple in Hong Kong. D. Kek Lok Si Temple, Malaysia.
22. What do we know from the text
A. Kek Lok Si Temple is the largest temple in Malaysia.
B. Paro Taktsang earned its nickname due to its unique location.
C. Seiganto-ji is a time-honored temple with magnificent surroundings.
D. Visitors tend to take photos to show their respect for Man Mo Temple.
23. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A travel journal. B. A tourist brochure.
C. A geography textbook. D. An academic article.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个来自世界各地的著名寺庙景点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Kek Lok Si Temple, Malaysia中的“Penang is often touted(吹捧) for its sandy beaches and emerald blue waters, but it’s also home to the largest Buddhist temple in Malaysia.(槟城经常以其沙滩和碧蓝的海水而闻名，但它也是马来西亚最大的佛教寺庙的所在地。)”可知，槟城以其沙滩和碧蓝的海水而闻名，也是马来西亚最大的佛教寺庙所在地。因此如果想看海景，可以去马来西亚的Kek Lok Si寺庙。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Kek Lok Si Temple, Malaysia中的“Penang is often touted(吹捧) for its sandy beaches and emerald blue waters, but it’s also home to the largest Buddhist temple in Malaysia.(槟城经常以其沙滩和碧蓝的海水而闻名，但它也是马来西亚最大的佛教寺庙的所在地。)”可知，槟城是马来西亚最大的佛教寺庙所在地，但没有说Kek Lok Si Temple是马来西亚最大的寺庙，A项错误；根据Paro Taktsang in the Paro Valley, Bhutan 中的“the “Tiger’s Nest” earned its nickname from an 18th-century tale detailing Buddhist master Padmasambhava arriving to the site on a flying tiger.(“虎穴”得名于一个18世纪的故事，讲述了佛教大师莲花生乘飞虎来到这里的故事。)”可知，Paro Taktsang的外号来自于一个18世纪的故事，而非其位置，B项错误；根据Seiganto-ji in Nachikatsuura, Japan 中的“Neighboring the tallest waterfall and set against the lush trees of Nachi, Seiganto-ji dates back to the 4th century. (Seiganto-ji的历史可以追溯到4世纪，它毗邻最高的瀑布，与Nachi郁郁葱葱的树木相映成趣)”可知，Seiganto-ji风景优美，历史悠久，C项正确；根据Man Mo Temple in Hong Kong中的“so it’s asked that any visitor coming to the temple is prohibited from taking photos out of respect.(出于尊重，任何来寺庙的游客都被禁止拍照。)”可知，来参观Man Mo Temple的游客禁止拍照，D项错误。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Temples have long served an important role since the early years of civilization. Whether you are seeking a sense of spiritual enlightenment or looking to learn more about a certain religion, these beautiful temples are worth a stop on your vacation.(自文明早期以来，寺庙一直扮演着重要的角色。无论你是在寻求精神上的启蒙，还是想要了解更多关于某种宗教的知识，这些美丽的寺庙都值得你在假期里停下来。)”及小标题可知，文章主要介绍了几个来自世界各地的著名寺庙景点，本文最有可能出自旅游指南手册。故选B项。
B
I remember that it was a fall morning when the orchestra (管弦乐队) teachers came into Miss Newell’s third-grade classroom. “You have hands for the viola(中提琴),” Miss Ciano told me. I was excited because my hands were finally good for something. I told my parents I wanted to play, and naturally, they agreed.
Since I first touched the viola, I haven’t been able to put it down. Ignoring the difficulty, I am pulled closer to it each day.
Classical music is truly my best friend. It is the trusted friend of every man, woman and child. Various feelings are expressed in classical music. I discovered that when I was eleven and played a cello concerto (大提琴协奏曲) of Bach in a competition, the first movement was joyful, but the second movement was mysterious and full of pain. From the piece, I learned that music expresses not only feelings, but also sudden mood changes. By listening to classical music, I know that someone else shares these feelings. Since I am lucky enough to be able to play classical music, I am comforted by it when I am upset. It gives me a way to escape from my problems for a short period. Classical music can express my joy, sadness and anger.
Now look back at that fall day in the third grade and think how gullible I was for believing that anyone, even music teachers, could tell whether hands were perfect for a certain instrument. I’m certain they told me I had “ viola hands” not because they were fortune-tellers(算命师), but because there was a lack of violists in our district. Classical music is one of the best things that ever happened to mankind. If you get introduced to it in the right way, it will become your friend for life.
24. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the first and second paragraphs
A. To introduce an interesting musical class.
B. To show the importance of proper guide.
C. To offer the evidence of her gift for music.
D. To tell the power of support from parents.
25. According to the passage, in what way does classical music help the author
A. By developing social skills. B. By broadening life experience.
C. By improving mental health. D. By building close relationship.
26. What does the underlined word “gullible” mean in the last paragraph
A. Firmly opposed. B. Easily tricked.
C. Greatly affected. D. Secretly hidden.
27. Which could be the best title for the passage
A. Lifetime dream, great effort. B. Happy childhood, unforgotten experience.
C. Special event, sweet memory. D. Classical music, endless friendship
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者一个偶然的机会开始拉中提琴，感受到古典音乐对我们的情感带来的好处，并把它看作一生最诚挚的朋友。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段中提到一个偶然的机会，管弦乐队的老师Miss Ciano 告诉作者“ You have hands for the viola(你有一双拉中提琴的手)”；“I told my parents I wanted to play, and naturally, they agreed.”，作者告诉父母她想拉中提琴， 父母同意了；文章最后一段中提到“If you get introduced to it in the right way, it will become your friend for life.（如果你以正确的方式被介绍给它，它将成为你一生的朋友。）”因为老师的一句话以及父母的支持，作者才接触到古典音乐，古典音乐成了作者最好的朋友。由此可以推断，作者写第一、二段的目的是为了说明老师和父母的正确引导对作者后来喜欢上古典音乐的重要性。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“I am comforted by it when I am upset. It gives me a way to escape from my problems for a short period. Classical music can express my joy, sadness and anger.（当我难过的时候，古典音乐给了我安慰。它给了我一个暂时逃避问题的方法。古典音乐可以表达我的喜悦、悲伤和愤怒。）”可知，古典音乐可以帮助作者改善精神状况。故选C。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。文章第三段中划线词后的下文提到“I’m certain they told me I had “ viola hands” not because they were fortune-tellers(算命师), but because there was a lack of violists in our district. ”作者后来回想起自己三年级时的情景，才确定他们告诉自己有“一双拉中提琴的手”不是因为他们是算命先生，而是因为在那个地区缺少中提琴演奏者；根据“believing that anyone, even music teachers, could tell whether hands were perfect for a certain instrument. （相信任何人，甚至是音乐老师，都能分辨出某人的手是否非常适合弹奏某种乐器）”，作者认识到当时是轻易相信了老师说自己“有一双拉中提琴的手”。由此可以猜测gullible意思为“轻信的，易受骗的”。 故选B。
【27题详解】
标题判断题。本文主要讲述了作者一个偶然的机会开始拉中提琴，从此古典音乐成了作者最好的朋友。文章第二段中提到“Classical music is truly my best friend.（古典音乐是我最好的朋友。）”，文章最后一句也提到“it will become your friend for life.（它将成为你一生的朋友。）” 因此文章标题应为“Classical music, endless friendship（古典音乐，永恒的友谊）”。故选D。
C
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells (干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
28. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots. B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake. D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
29. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity. B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage. D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
30. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
31. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经展示了植物如何保护自己免受环境压力造成的遗传损害，即植物拥有内建机制，来阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.(植物的根和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷的DNA传递给下一代)”可知，植物内建机制的功能是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.(通过涉及x射线和化学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA损伤更敏感)”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做出快速反应。故选C。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the”以及后文“of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意思是“传播”。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.(在植物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义)”可知，最后一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。
D
Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them.
Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information, but they also present some dangers. By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. To use a theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world. As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine, and so we become more restricted in this fantasy.
So it is that we live in a cold era where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges.
Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonorable if he had had to do it in person Doubtful. It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life.”
32. What can we know about new communication tools
A. Destroying our life totally. B. Posing more dangers than good.
C. Helping us to hide our faults. D. Replacing traditional letters.
33. What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools
A. Sheltering us from virtual life. B. Removing face-to-face interaction.
C. Leading to false mental perception. D. Making us rely more on hi-tech media.
34. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. Technologies have changed our relationships.
B. The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits.
C. Love can be better conveyed by text message.
D. The digital self need not take responsibility.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Addiction to the Virtual World B. Cost of Falling into Digital Life
C. Interpersonal Skills on the Net D. The Future of Social Media
【答案】32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要介绍了陷入数字生活的代价。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“To use a theatrical metaphor(隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world. (用戏剧化的比喻来说，这些新的交流形式提供了一个舞台，我们每个人都可以在这个舞台上创造自己的角色，隐藏在推特、状态更新和文本的第四堵墙后面。当我们与残酷的肉体生活保持安全距离时，这种不真实的漠不关心状态会让人上瘾，在肉体生活中，我们是不完美、无能为力和微不足道的。从本质上讲，我们不仅获得了更自由的手段，而且获得了变新的手段，创造并向世界投射出更完美的自我。)”可知，新的交流工具让人们隐藏自己的不完美。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. (通过消除任何真实的人际交往，它们使我们能够发展我们不正常的自爱，而不会有不赞成或批评的风险。)”可知，新的交流工具让人们产生了错误的心理感知。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. (此，我们生活在一个冷漠的时代，名字和面孔代表着两种不同程度的亲密，工作关系只能通过电子邮件的魔力来建立，爱情可以通过短信开始或结束。在这样的环境下，人与人之间的关系就变成了单纯的数字交流。)”可知，科技改变了我们人与人之间的社会关系。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them. (如今，世界正在慢慢成为一个高科技社会，我们现在被科技所包围。Facebook和Twitter是创新工具；短信仍然是一种存在的现象，与我们悠久的蜗牛邮件历史相比，即使是电子邮件也只是屏幕上的一个亮点。现在，我们采用这些工具到了本质的地步，很少考虑我们如何从根本上受到它们的影响。)”根据第二段“By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. (通过消除任何真实的人际交往，它们使我们能够发展我们不正常的自爱，而不会有不赞成或批评的风险。)和第三段“So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. (此，我们生活在一个冷漠的时代，名字和面孔代表着两种不同程度的亲密，工作关系只能通过电子邮件的魔力来建立，爱情可以通过短信开始或结束。在这样的环境下，人与人之间的关系就变成了单纯的数字交流。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍陷入数字生活的代价。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When something goes wrong, do you tend to bounce back or fall apart Here are some strategics to help you manage a personal setback (挫折) and get back on track toward achieving your goal.
● Realize it’s normal. Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur. ___36___ Knowing this, it’s important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises.
● Don’t deny it. Sometimes it’s hard to recognize a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face, but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm. ___37___ This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid. It’s just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue. It’s important to be receptive to the honest feedback.
___38___Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries, overconfidence, and poor coping skills. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback: where you were, who you were with, what you were thinking and feeling.
● Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback, and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening the next time. Each time you fine-tune your plan and put it into action again, you actually improve your odds of eventual success. ___39___
Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. ___40___ After adjusting, you can still make progress toward success again.
A. Don’t take it seriously.
B. Analyze what happened.
C. You haven’t lost all of the knowledge, skills, and support.
D. In other words, it’s not whether a challenge will happen, but it’s when.
E. This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective.
F. Friends or family will voice their concerns, but you still may not be able to accept it.
G. You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. B 39. E 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些有助于处理个人挫折并回到实现目标的轨道上的策略。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur.(只有不到20%的人第一次就成功实现了自己的目标。出现挫折是正常的，也是意料之中的。)”可知，此处是指挫折大概率是会发生的，只是早晚的区别，所以选项D“换句话说，挑战是否会发生并不重要，重要的是何时发生。”切合文意。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据前文“Sometimes it’s hard to recognize a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face, but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm.(有时候很难察觉到挫折。问题可能就在你眼前，但你可能会否认有任何惊慌的理由。)”可知，此处是指即使朋友或家人提醒你也可能无法承认问题的存在，所以选项F“朋友或家人会表达他们的担忧，但你可能仍然无法接受。”切合文意。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Stop and consider carefully what went wrong.(停下来仔细想想哪里出了问题。)”可知，此处是指分析发生的事情，所以选项B“分析发生了什么。”切合文意。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据前文“Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback, and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening the next time. Each time you fine-tune your plan and put it into action again, you actually improve your odds of eventual success.(从中吸取教训。从你对挫折的分析中学习，调整你的计划，尽量防止类似的事情再次发生。每次你调整你的计划并再次付诸行动，你实际上提高了最终成功的几率。)”可知，此处是指从挫折中吸取的教训会让你的计划更高效，所以选项E“这是因为你从每一个错误中学习，使你的计划更有效。”切合文意。故选E。
【40题详解】
根据前文“Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall.(提醒自己，你的挫折是一次滑倒，而不是跌倒。)”和后文“After adjusting, you can still make progress toward success again.(调整之后，你仍然可以再次向成功迈进。)”可知，此处是讲即使面对挫折你仍然具有的优势，所以选项C“你并没有失去所有的知识、技能和支持。”切合文意。故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项ABC和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Figure skating is a vital part of my life. I can still remember my first ___41___ on ice. I was hooked immediately and desired to learn figure skating. However, I found it was a bit of a ___42___. Initially, I could only grasp the railings(栏杆) to ___43___ myself and walk slowly along. Despite constant ___44___, I just got up again and made much ___45___: I kept practicing almost all the time except school hours. Gradually, I mastered the skills.
Sometimes figure skating is ___46___ as an art form rather than a sport, but to me it’s both. The delicate ___47___ between artistry and athleticism, and the performances with only a pair of thin blades(冰刀) are mind-blowing. Though beautiful and impressive, figure skating is physically ___48___—the amount of athleticism required is fairly high.
For the majority of my younger years I skated ___49___, at both local and regional levels. But ____50____ struck at the near peak of my career—I had a concussion(脑震荡). Though I ____51____ after continuous treatment, I’d missed the best age for skating. So I transformed it into a hobby.
Out of all the experiences in my life, figure skating has probably been the most ____52____. It taught me the importance of discipline and self-confidence, and I learned ____53____, which made me accountable for my own actions and achievements. And thanks to my strict coaches, I learned the importance of constructive criticism and ____54____ that we should take such criticism with an open mind rather than ____55____ it.
41. A. slipping B. rolling C. stepping D. playing
42. A. near thing B. hard nut C. big hit D. fat chance
43. A. enjoy B. encourage C. comfort D. support
44. A. falls B. attempts C. walks D. complaints
45. A. improvement B. adjustment C. commitment D. assessment
46. A. figured out B. focused on C. picked up D. referred to
47. A. comparison B. arrangement C. balance D. exchange
48. A. powerful B. demanding C. beneficial D. accessible
49. A. perfectly B. secretly C. occasionally D. competitively
50. A. failure B. misfortune C. opportunity D. coincidence
51. A. recovered B. succeeded C. rested D. suffered
52. A. pleasant B. attractive C. significant D. personal
53. A. determination B. enthusiasm C. insistence D. responsibility
54. A. realized B. recalled C. proved D. acknowledged
55. A. interrupting B. denying C. forgiving D. defending
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者对花样滑冰的热爱、曾经的职业生涯以及花样滑冰对作者的影响。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我第一次踩在冰上的情景。A. slipping滑倒；B. rolling滚动；C. stepping踩，踏，行走，迈步；D. playing玩。根据后文的“I was hooked immediately and desired to learn figure skating.”可知，这是作者在描述自己第一次接触滑冰，也就是第一次踩在冰上的情景。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：然而，我发现这是一个有点棘手的问题。A. near thing侥幸脱险；B. hard nut 棘手的事，难对付的人；C. big hit大热门；D. fat chance机会渺茫。根据后文的“Initially, I could only grasp the railings(栏杆) to ___3___ myself and walk slowly along.”以及“I kept practicing almost all the time except school hours. Gradually, I mastered the skills.”可知，起初，作者只能抓住栏杆，慢慢地走，在不断练习后才掌握了技巧，所以这是一个有点棘手的问题。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我只能抓住栏杆支撑自己，慢慢地走着。A. enjoy享受；B. encourage鼓励；C. comfort安慰；D. support支持，支撑。根据“I could only grasp the railings”以及“walk slowly along”可知，抓住栏杆是为了支撑自己。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管不断跌倒，我还是重新站起来，并且投入了更多：除了上课时间，我几乎所有时间都在练习。A. falls跌倒；B. attempts尝试；C. walks走；D. complaints抱怨。根据后文的“I just got up again”可知，作者重新站起来，说明作者一次又一次地跌倒了。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. improvement进步；B. adjustment调整；C. commitment献身，奉献，投入；D. assessment评估。根据“I kept practicing almost all the time except school hours”可知，作者除了上课时间，几乎所有时间都在练习，这说明作者在业余时间全身心投入到了学习滑冰中。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，花样滑冰作为一种艺术形式而不是一项运动被提到，但对我来说，它两者兼而有之。A. figured out弄清楚；B. focused on专注于；C. picked up拿起；D. referred to提到。根据后文的“as an art form rather than a sport”可知，花样滑冰是作为一种艺术形式而不是一项运动被提到。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艺术和运动之间的微妙平衡，以及仅用一对薄刀片的表演是令人兴奋的。A. comparison比较；B. arrangement排列；C. balance平衡；D. exchange交换。根据前文的“but to me it’s both”以及后文的“between artistry and athleticism”可知，作者认为花样滑冰是艺术和运动之间的微妙平衡。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：花样滑冰虽然动作优美，令人印象深刻，但对身体的要求很高——对运动能力的要求相当高。A. powerful强大的；B. demanding苛刻的，要求高的；C. beneficial有益的；D. accessible可到达的。根据“the amount of athleticism required is fairly high”可知，花样滑冰对运动能力的要求相当高，也就是说对身体的要求很高。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我更年轻的大部分时间里，我在地方和地区级别的比赛中有竞争性地滑冰。A. perfectly完美地；B. secretly秘密地；C. occasionally偶尔地；D. competitively有竞争性地。根据“at both local and regional levels”和“at the near peak of my career”以及“I transformed it into a hobby”可知，作者那个时候是职业滑冰选手，所以是有竞争性地在滑冰，即：参加滑冰比赛。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但不幸的是，在我职业生涯接近巅峰的时候，我得了脑震荡。A. failure失败；B. misfortune不幸；C. opportunity机会；D. coincidence巧合。根据后文的“struck at the near peak of my career—I had a concussion (脑震荡)”可知，在作者职业生涯接近巅峰的时候，作者得了脑震荡，这是不幸降临了。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然经过持续治疗，我恢复了健康，但我错过了滑冰的最佳年龄。A. recovered恢复；B. succeeded成功；C. rested休息；D. suffered遭受。根据Though表让步转折关系，以及后文的“after continuous treatment, I’d missed the best age for skating. So I transformed it into a hobby”可知，尽管经过治疗恢复了健康，作者还是因为错失黄金期而把滑冰由职业转变成了一种爱好。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我生命中的所有经历中，花样滑冰可能是最重要的。A. pleasant愉快的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. significant重要的；D. personal个人的。根据后文的“It taught me the importance of discipline and self-confidence, and I learned 13 , which made me accountable for my own actions and achievements.”可知，花样滑冰教会了作者很多东西，所以作者认为花样滑冰可能是生命中所有经历中最重要的。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会了我纪律和自信的重要性，我学会了责任，这让我对自己的行为和成就负责。A. determination决心；B. enthusiasm热情；C. insistence坚持；D. responsibility责任。根据后文的“which made me accountable for my own actions and achievements.”可知，花样滑冰使得作者对自己的行为和成就负责，也就是说它让作者学会了责任。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：并且多亏了那些严格的教练，我学会了建设性批评的重要性，并意识到我们应该以开放的心态接受这种批评，而不是否认它。A. realized意识到；B. recalled回忆；C. proved证明；D. acknowledged承认。根据前面的并列动词learned以及that后的“we should take such criticism with an open mind”可知，作者意识到了应该以开放的心态接受批评。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. interrupting打断；B. denying否认；C. forgiving原谅；D. defending防卫。根据“take such criticism with an open mind”以及rather than表“取舍关系”可知，我们应该接受批评，而不是否认它。故选B项。
第二节 单词拼写(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
56. Healthcare workers are at a risk of getting i__________ (传染的) diseases because of their exposure to the patients.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】infectious##nfectious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于医护人员与病人接触，他们有感染传染病的风险。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词和首字母，应是infectious意为“传染的”。故填infectious。
57. If p_________ (允许)to have a rest at home, I would sleep for one day and one night. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】permitted##ermitted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果允许在家休息，我会睡上一天一夜。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入动词permit。此处为if引导的条件状语从句的省略，并且permit和I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此此处填入过去分词表被动，故填permitted。
58. To fit in with the new environment, you’d better make an a_____________ (调整) both physically and mentally. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】adjustment##djustment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了适应新环境，你最好在身心上都做些调整。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入名词adjustment，它在句中作宾语，前有an 修饰，故填adjustment。
59. To my surprise, the price of this mobile phone has r_____________ (减少) by 30％ during the end-of-year sale. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】reduced##educed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：令我吃惊的是，这款手机在年底大减价时降价了30%。根据所给中文提示词和首字母可知，应是reduce意为“减少”，根据时间状语during the end-of-year sale可知，用现在完成时，空前已有has，空处填过去分词形式。故填reduced。
60. One day, I a___________ (偶然地) pressed the button and set off the alarm system, which made me extremely embarrassed. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】accidentally##ccidentally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：有一天，我不小心按下了按钮，触发了报警系统，这让我非常尴尬。“偶然地”修饰动词pressed，结首字母提示，用副词accidentally作状语。故填accidentally。
61. During the pandemic lockdown, the whole society made joint efforts to guarantee adequate s___________ (供应) of fresh fruits and vegetables. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】supplies##upplies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：疫情防控期间，全社会共同努力，保障新鲜果蔬供应。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入名词supply，它在句中作宾语，根据“fresh fruits and vegetables”可知，supply作为可数名词使用，表示“供应”的东西，应使用复数，故填supplies。
62. When I visited my late grandma’s home on Tomb Sweeping Day, memories came f___________ (如潮水般涌现) back. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】flooding##looding
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：清明节那天，我去姥姥家，回忆如潮水般涌上心头。“如潮水般涌现”用动词flood。come flooding back固定搭配，意为“回忆涌现”。故填flooding。
63. If invited to visit a foreign friend, I would bring some appropriate gifts with me, such as s____________ (纪念品) from my own country. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】souvenirs##ouvenirs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果被邀请去拜访外国朋友，我会带一些合适的礼物，比如来自我自己国家的纪念品。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入名词souvenir，它为可数名词，前面没有表示单数意义的限定词，因此使用复数形式，故填souvenirs。
64. When I saw piles of dirty dishes in the kitchen, my heart s_______.(下沉/消沉). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】sank##ank
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我看到厨房里成堆的脏盘子时，我的心一沉。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语从句中的谓语saw可知，应用一般过去时，根据句意“下沉”是sink。故填sank。
65. More often than not, v___________ (火山的) eruptions can cause the loss of human lives and the devastation of wildlife habitats. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】volcanic##olcanic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：火山爆发往往会造成人类生命的丧失和野生动物栖息地的破坏。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入形容词volcanic，它在句中作定语修饰eruptions，故填volcanic。
66. E___________(忙于) in scientific research, the scientist has little time to stay with his family. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Engaged##ngaged
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于从事科学研究，这位科学家几乎没有时间陪伴家人。根据所给中文提示词和首字母，应是engage意为“忙于”，此处是固定搭配：be engaged in意为“全神贯注于……；致力于……”，又本句已有谓语动词，所以去掉be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填Engaged。
67. By doing chores, we can not only learn some important life skills, but also develop a sense of i____________ (独立). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】independence##ndependence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：通过做家务，我们不仅可以学到一些重要的生活技能，还可以培养独立的意识。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给中文提示词和首字母，应是independence意为“独立”。故填independence。
68. By the time we climbed to the top of the mountain, all of us were so b__________(气喘吁吁的) that we could hardly speak. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】breathless##reathless
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们爬到山顶时，我们都上气不接下气，几乎说不出话来。“气喘吁吁的”作表语，用形容词breathless，表明主语all of us的状态。故填breathless。
69. A balanced diet is part of the factors c____________ (促成) to our physical fitness. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】contributing##ontributing
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：均衡的饮食是促进我们身体健康的因素之一。根据汉语意思及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词contribute，修饰名词factors，且为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填contributing。
70. To maintain the s_________________ (可持续性) of agriculture, it’s necessary to increase investment in research and publicity. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】sustainability##ustainability
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了保持农业的可持续性，有必要增加对研究和宣传的投资。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处应填名词作maintain的宾语，根据汉语提示“可持续性”是sustainability，为不可数名词。故填sustainability。
71. The whole society should pay more attention to the problems c__________ (关于) the mental health of teenagers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】concerning##oncerning
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：整个社会应该更加关注青少年的心理健康问题。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入介词concerning，故填concerning。
72. Shortly after suffering from a big earthquake, m________ (大量) of people settled in a new city. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】masses##asses
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：大地震发生后不久，大批的人在一个新的城市定居下来。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词mass，可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，空构成固定短语masses of“大量”。故填masses。
73. A dog often bows its head or droops its tail, s___________ (发出信号表示) that it is willing to obey. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】signaling##ignaling##signalling##ignalling
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：狗经常低头或垂下尾巴，表示它愿意服从。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处应用动词signal，且与上文构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填signaling或signalling。
74. It a__________ (惹恼) me that my son is distracted from study due to computer addiction. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】annoys##nnoys
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我儿子因沉迷电脑而无法专心学习，这让我很恼火。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入动词annoy，根据“my son is distracted from study due to computer addiction”可知，句子描述的是现在的情况，annoy使用一般现在时，it为单数意义，故填annoys。
75. Last week, our school organized a charity c_____________ (活动)to raise money for children living in poverty. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】campaign##ampaign
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：上周，我们学校组织了一次慈善活动，为贫困儿童筹款。根据空格前的定语campaign可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，根据汉语提示“活动”是campaign，为可数名词。故填campaign。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
Global climate change is not a future problem. Effects that scientists had long predicted would result ____76____ global climate change are now occurring. Some changes (such as droughts, wildfires, and extreme rainfall) are happening faster than scientists previously ____77____(assess). In fact, modern humans have never before seen the observed changes in our global climate, some of ____78____ are so serious that they are unable to recover over the next hundreds to thousands of years.
Scientists are ____79____ (high) confident that global temperatures will rise continuously for many decades, mainly due to greenhouse gases____80____ (produce) by human activities. It ____81____ (report) that human emissions of heat-trapping gases have warmed the climate by nearly 1.1 ℃ since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900). To make matters ____82____ (bad), half of the world’s population are likely to be exposed to extreme weather events by 2030.
The ____83____ (severe) of effects caused by climate change will depend on ____84____ path of future human activities. More greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more climate extremes and widespread damaging effects across our planet. ____85____ we reduce emissions, we may not avoid some of their worst effects.
【答案】76. from
77. assessed
78. which 79. highly
80. produced
81. is reported
82. worse 83. severity
84. the 85. Unless
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球气候变化不是未来的问题，而是现在正在发生的。越来越多的温室气体排放将导致更多的极端气候，并在我们的星球上造成广泛的破坏性影响。呼吁如果我们能够减少排放，避免一些最坏的影响。
【76题详解】
考查介词。句意：科学家们早就预测全球气候变化会造成的影响现在正在发生。result from...意为“由……引起”，为固定短语。故填from。
【77题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：一些变化(如干旱、野火和极端降雨)发生的速度比科学家先前评估的要快。本句是than引导的比较状语从句，assess作从句谓语，根据previously可知，用一般过去时。故填assessed。
【78题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：事实上，现代人类从未见过我们所观察到的全球气候变化，其中一些变化非常严重，以至于在未来几百到几千年都无法恢复。前面已有一个句子，空处引导定语从句，先行词是changes，关系词在从句中作宾语，用which引导。故填which。
【79题详解】
考查副词。句意：科学家们非常有信心，全球气温将持续上升几十年，主要是由于人类活动产生的温室气体。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰空后的形容词confident。故填highly。
【80题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们非常有信心，全球气温将持续上升几十年，主要是由于人类活动产生的温室气体。本句已有谓语动词will rise，所以produce用非谓语形式，根据空后的by可知，此处表被动，用过去分词形式。故填produced。
【81题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：据报道，自工业化前时期(1850年至1900年)以来，人类排放的吸热气体使气候变暖了近1.1℃。此处是固定句型：it is reported that意为“据报道”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is reported。
【82题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：更糟糕的是，到2030年，世界上一半的人口可能会受到极端天气事件的影响。此处是固定搭配：to make matters worse意为“更糟糕的是”。故填worse。
【83题详解】
考查名词。句意：气候变化造成的影响的严重程度将取决于未来人类活动的路径。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，severe的名词形式是severity。故填severity。
【84题详解】
考查冠词。句意：气候变化造成的影响的严重程度将取决于未来人类活动的路径。此处是固定搭配：the path of意为“……的路径”。故填the。
【85题详解】
考查连词。句意：除非我们减少排放，否则我们可能无法避免一些最严重的影响。本句由两个句子构成，所以空处应填连词，根据句意，表达“除非”之意，应用unless引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Unless。
第四部分 书面表达(满分20分)
86. 校园冲突时有发生。为了引导同学们有效地应对冲突，共建和谐校园，你校将举办一场关于“How to deal with conflicts on campus”的演讲比赛。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿。
1. 常见的校园冲突及原因；
2. 如何化解校园冲突；
3. 你的呼吁。
注意：字数100词左右
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear fellow students,
Conflicts on campus are not uncommon, and they can arise from a variety of reasons such as misunderstandings, differences in opinions, and poor communication. Some common types of conflicts include academic disputes, dormitory problems, and social relationship issues.
To effectively deal with conflicts on campus, there are several steps we can take. Firstly, it is important to remain calm and level-headed, avoiding emotional outbursts that could escalate the situation. Secondly, active communication is key. We should strive to understand the other person’s point of view, and work towards finding a mutually agreeable solution. If necessary, we can seek help from teachers or professionals.
I would like to call on everyone to actively participate in building a harmonious campus by respecting and understanding each other.
Thank you.
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作。要求考生用英文写一篇发言稿，参加学校即将举办的主题为“How to deal with conflicts on campus”的演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：a variety of→varieties of/various/varied
解决：deal with→solve/settle/handle/address
帮助：help→assistance
参加：participate in→take part in/engage in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：To effectively deal with conflicts on campus, there are several steps we can take.
拓展句：In order that we can effectively deal with conflicts on campus, there are several steps we can take.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, it is important to remain calm and level-headed, avoiding emotional outbursts that could escalate the situation. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】If necessary, we can seek help from teachers or professionals. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句的省略)树德中学高2023级高一下学期半期考试英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC和D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。
A
Temples have long served an important role since the early years of civilization. Whether you are seeking a sense of spiritual enlightenment or looking to learn more about a certain religion, these beautiful temples are worth a stop on your vacation.
Paro Taktsang in the Paro Valley, Bhutan
Situated on a steep cliff in Bhutan’s Paro Valley, the “Tiger’s Nest” earned its nickname from an 18th-century tale detailing Buddhist master Padmasambhava arriving to the site on a flying tiger. The journey to the cliffside is quite the challenge, requiring guests to climb two hours on a steep trail.
Seiganto-ji in Nachikatsuura, Japan
Neighboring the tallest waterfall and set against the lush trees of Nachi, Seiganto-ji dates back to the 4th century. Seiganto-ji is now the first stop on the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage, where individuals travel to 33 Buddhist temples throughout the Kansai region of Japan.
Man Mo Temple in Hong Kong
This Buddhist and Taoist temple was built to honor the god of literature and the god of war, and the inscriptions found in the temple hall imply its construction may have taken place around 1847. It is still highly active and visited by local worshippers, so it’s asked that any visitor coming to the temple is prohibited from taking photos out of respect.
Kek Lok Si Temple, Malaysia
Penang is often touted(吹捧) for its sandy beaches and emerald blue waters, but it’s also home to the largest Buddhist temple in Malaysia. A melting pot of cultures, the temple’s architecture showcases Chinese, Thai, and Burmese styles throughout its stunning seven stories. It’s estimated there are 10,000 statues of Buddha depicted throughout its main pagodas(宝塔).
21. If you hope to enjoy a sea view, which temple is the best choice
A. Paro Taktsang in the Paro Valley, Bhutan. B. Seiganto-ji in Nachikatsuura, Japan.
C. Man Mo Temple in Hong Kong. D. Kek Lok Si Temple, Malaysia.
22. What do we know from the text
A. Kek Lok Si Temple is the largest temple in Malaysia.
B. Paro Taktsang earned its nickname due to its unique location.
C. Seiganto-ji is a time-honored temple with magnificent surroundings.
D. Visitors tend to take photos to show their respect for Man Mo Temple.
23. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A travel journal. B. A tourist brochure.
C. A geography textbook. D. An academic article.
B
I remember that it was a fall morning when the orchestra (管弦乐队) teachers came into Miss Newell’s third-grade classroom. “You have hands for the viola(中提琴),” Miss Ciano told me. I was excited because my hands were finally good for something. I told my parents I wanted to play, and naturally, they agreed.
Since I first touched the viola, I haven’t been able to put it down. Ignoring the difficulty, I am pulled closer to it each day.
Classical music is truly my best friend. It is the trusted friend of every man, woman and child. Various feelings are expressed in classical music. I discovered that when I was eleven and played a cello concerto (大提琴协奏曲) of Bach in a competition, the first movement was joyful, but the second movement was mysterious and full of pain. From the piece, I learned that music expresses not only feelings, but also sudden mood changes. By listening to classical music, I know that someone else shares these feelings. Since I am lucky enough to be able to play classical music, I am comforted by it when I am upset. It gives me a way to escape from my problems for a short period. Classical music can express my joy, sadness and anger.
Now look back at that fall day in the third grade and think how gullible I was for believing that anyone, even music teachers, could tell whether hands were perfect for a certain instrument. I’m certain they told me I had “ viola hands” not because they were fortune-tellers(算命师), but because there was a lack of violists in our district. Classical music is one of the best things that ever happened to mankind. If you get introduced to it in the right way, it will become your friend for life.
24. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the first and second paragraphs
A. To introduce an interesting musical class.
B. To show the importance of proper guide.
C. To offer the evidence of her gift for music.
D. To tell the power of support from parents.
25. According to the passage, in what way does classical music help the author
A. By developing social skills. B. By broadening life experience.
C By improving mental health. D. By building close relationship.
26. What does the underlined word “gullible” mean in the last paragraph
A. Firmly opposed. B. Easily tricked.
C. Greatly affected. D. Secretly hidden.
27. Which could be the best title for the passage
A. Lifetime dream, great effort. B. Happy childhood, unforgotten experience.
C. Special event, sweet memory. D. Classical music, endless friendship
C
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells (干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
28. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots. B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake. D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
29. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity. B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage. D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
30. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
31. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
D
Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them.
Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information, but they also present some dangers. By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. To use a theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world. As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine, and so we become more restricted in this fantasy.
So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges.
Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonorable if he had had to do it in person Doubtful. It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life.”
32. What can we know about new communication tools
A. Destroying our life totally. B. Posing more dangers than good.
C. Helping us to hide our faults. D. Replacing traditional letters.
33. What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools
A. Sheltering us from virtual life. B. Removing face-to-face interaction.
C. Leading to false mental perception. D. Making us rely more on hi-tech media.
34. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. Technologies have changed our relationships.
B. The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits.
C. Love can be better conveyed by text message.
D. The digital self need not take responsibility.
35. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Addiction to the Virtual World B. Cost of Falling into Digital Life
C. Interpersonal Skills on the Net D. The Future of Social Media
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When something goes wrong, do you tend to bounce back or fall apart Here are some strategics to help you manage a personal setback (挫折) and get back on track toward achieving your goal.
● Realize it’s normal. Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur. ___36___ Knowing this, it’s important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises.
● Don’t deny it. Sometimes it’s hard to recognize a setback. The problem can be staring you right in the face, but you may deny there’s any cause for alarm. ___37___ This inability to acknowledge the problem doesn’t mean you’re stupid. It’s just that denial can cloud your awareness of the issue. It’s important to be receptive to the honest feedback.
___38___Stop and consider carefully what went wrong. The most common causes of a setback are personal worries, overconfidence, and poor coping skills. Take a look at any factor that may have contributed to the setback: where you were, who you were with, what you were thinking and feeling.
● Learn from it. Learn from your analysis of the setback, and adjust your plan to try to prevent similar things from happening the next time. Each time you fine-tune your plan and put it into action again, you actually improve your odds of eventual success. ___39___
Remind yourself that your setback is a slip instead of a fall. ___40___ After adjusting, you can still make progress toward success again.
A. Don’t take it seriously.
B. Analyze what happened.
C. You haven’t lost all of the knowledge, skills, and support.
D. In other words it’s not whether a challenge will happen, but it’s when.
E. This is because you learn from each misstep to make your plan more effective.
F. Friends or family will voice their concerns, but you still may not be able to accept it.
G. You might even write about past experiences in a journal to guide your future behavior.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项ABC和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Figure skating is a vital part of my life. I can still remember my first ___41___ on ice. I was hooked immediately and desired to learn figure skating. However, I found it was a bit of a ___42___. Initially, I could only grasp the railings(栏杆) to ___43___ myself and walk slowly along. Despite constant ___44___, I just got up again and made much ___45___: I kept practicing almost all the time except school hours. Gradually, I mastered the skills.
Sometimes figure skating is ___46___ as an art form rather than a sport, but to me it’s both. The delicate ___47___ between artistry and athleticism, and the performances with only a pair of thin blades(冰刀) are mind-blowing. Though beautiful and impressive, figure skating is physically ___48___—the amount of athleticism required is fairly high.
For the majority of my younger years I skated ___49___, at both local and regional levels. But ____50____ struck at the near peak of my career—I had a concussion(脑震荡). Though I ____51____ after continuous treatment, I’d missed the best age for skating. So I transformed it into a hobby.
Out of all the experiences in my life, figure skating has probably been the most ____52____. It taught me the importance of discipline and self-confidence, and I learned ____53____, which made me accountable for my own actions and achievements. And thanks to my strict coaches, I learned the importance of constructive criticism and ____54____ that we should take such criticism with an open mind rather than ____55____ it.
41. A. slipping B. rolling C. stepping D. playing
42. A. near thing B. hard nut C. big hit D. fat chance
43. A. enjoy B. encourage C. comfort D. support
44. A. falls B. attempts C. walks D. complaints
45. A. improvement B. adjustment C. commitment D. assessment
46. A. figured out B. focused on C. picked up D. referred to
47. A. comparison B. arrangement C. balance D. exchange
48. A. powerful B. demanding C. beneficial D. accessible
49. A. perfectly B. secretly C. occasionally D. competitively
50. A. failure B. misfortune C. opportunity D. coincidence
51. A. recovered B. succeeded C. rested D. suffered
52 A. pleasant B. attractive C. significant D. personal
53. A. determination B. enthusiasm C. insistence D. responsibility
54. A. realized B. recalled C. proved D. acknowledged
55. A. interrupting B. denying C. forgiving D. defending
第二节 单词拼写(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
56. Healthcare workers are at a risk of getting i__________ (传染的) diseases because of their exposure to the patients.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
57. If p_________ (允许)to have a rest at home, I would sleep for one day and one night. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
58. To fit in with the new environment, you’d better make an a_____________ (调整) both physically and mentally. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
59. To my surprise, the price of this mobile phone has r_____________ (减少) by 30％ during the end-of-year sale. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
60. One day, I a___________ (偶然地) pressed the button and set off the alarm system, which made me extremely embarrassed. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
61. During the pandemic lockdown, the whole society made joint efforts to guarantee adequate s___________ (供应) of fresh fruits and vegetables. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
62. When I visited my late grandma’s home on Tomb Sweeping Day, memories came f___________ (如潮水般涌现) back. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
63. If invited to visit a foreign friend, I would bring some appropriate gifts with me, such as s____________ (纪念品) from my own country. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
64. When I saw piles of dirty dishes in the kitchen, my heart s_______.(下沉/消沉). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
65. More often than not, v___________ (火山的) eruptions can cause the loss of human lives and the devastation of wildlife habitats. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
66. E___________(忙于) in scientific research, the scientist has little time to stay with his family. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
67. By doing chores, we can not only learn some important life skills, but also develop a sense of i____________ (独立). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
68. By the time we climbed to the top of the mountain, all of us were so b__________(气喘吁吁的) that we could hardly speak. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
69. A balanced diet is part of the factors c____________ (促成) to our physical fitness. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
70. To maintain the s_________________ (可持续性) of agriculture, it’s necessary to increase investment in research and publicity. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
71. The whole society should pay more attention to the problems c__________ (关于) the mental health of teenagers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
72. Shortly after suffering from a big earthquake, m________ (大量) of people settled in a new city. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
73. A dog often bows its head or droops its tail, s___________ (发出信号表示) that it is willing to obey. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
74. It a__________ (惹恼) me that my son is distracted from study due to computer addiction. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
75. Last week, our school organized a charity c_____________ (活动)to raise money for children living in poverty. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
Global climate change is not a future problem. Effects that scientists had long predicted would result ____76____ global climate change are now occurring. Some changes (such as droughts, wildfires, and extreme rainfall) are happening faster than scientists previously ____77____(assess). In fact, modern humans have never before seen the observed changes in our global climate, some of ____78____ are so serious that they are unable to recover over the next hundreds to thousands of years.
Scientists are ____79____ (high) confident that global temperatures will rise continuously for many decades, mainly due to greenhouse gases____80____ (produce) by human activities. It ____81____ (report) that human emissions of heat-trapping gases have warmed the climate by nearly 1.1 ℃ since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900). To make matters ____82____ (bad), half of the world’s population are likely to be exposed to extreme weather events by 2030.
The ____83____ (severe) of effects caused by climate change will depend on ____84____ path of future human activities. More greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more climate extremes and widespread damaging effects across our planet. ____85____ we reduce emissions, we may not avoid some of their worst effects.
第四部分 书面表达(满分20分)
86. 校园冲突时有发生。为了引导同学们有效地应对冲突，共建和谐校园，你校将举办一场关于“How to deal with conflicts on campus”的演讲比赛。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿。
1. 常见的校园冲突及原因；
2. 如何化解校园冲突；
3. 你的呼吁。
注意：字数100词左右
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