深圳市光明区光明中学2023～2024学年高二第二学期期中考试
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：外研版选择性必修Book 2 Unit 3～Book 3 Unit 2。
第一部分 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The research group handed in two reports based on the survey, but ______ contained any useful suggestions.
A. all B. none C. neither D. either
2. Last Friday the bus went out of ______ control and ran into a line of people, which left ______ impression on many people.
A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. a; the D. 不填; an
3. Make the best of your precious time and study harder. Maybe at this time next year you ______ a colorful campus life in your dream university.
A. will be enjoying B. had enjoyed
C. was going to enjoy D. have been enjoying
4. ______ tired he was, the firefighter still kept rescuing the villagers trapped in the flood.
A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever
5. Mary said that it was due to her strong interest in literature ______ she selected the course.
A. why B. what C. that D. how
6. Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, ______ full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names.
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
7. ________ occurred to me that I would sit a vital examination this Friday.
A. As B. It C. That D. What
8. ______ red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive.
A. Having painted B. Paint C. To be painted D. Painted
9. —What will the weather be like tomorrow
—I have no idea. I was on the phone when the weather report ______.
A. will be broadcast B. has been broadcast
C. was being broadcast D. had been broadcast
10. ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice remains to be seen.
A. What B. Which C. Whether D. If
11. I’m afraid Tom is more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
A. why B. when C. where D. that
12. They live ______ harmony with each other in the district regardless ______ their belonging to different ethic groups.
A. at; on B. for; with C. to; by D. in; of
13. No matter ______ I get home late, Grandma always leaves a light on for me.
A. when B. who C. what D. where
14. —What did you say you were unwilling to risk just now
— ______ to high levels of radiation
A. Expose B. Exposing
C. To be exposed D. Being exposed
15. In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my hometown, making it ______ a new look.
A. drop by B. take on C. suffer for D. spread to
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four best thrift stores (旧货商店) in New York
El Barrio Thrift Store
Address: 2123 2nd Ave, NY
Opening Hours: 10:30 am — 5:30 pm, Mon. — Fri.;12:30 pm — 5:30 pm, Sat.; Closed, Sun.
If you’re looking for furniture or items to decorate your home or office, this is absolutely the place for you. It’s a great thrift shop to stop in while you’re hunting for vintage (老式的) treasures. You will always be surprised at some of the amazing things it offers, so make sure you stop by to have a look!
L Train Vintage
Address: Multiple Locations
Opening Hours: 12:00 pm — 7:00 pm, every day
This is a cool family-owned vintage brand popular with vintage shoppers since its opening in 1999. You can always find well-priced outerwear (外套) and sweaters, so it’s a good choice to visit the store when winter is approaching. You can usually find all sizes there, which makes it the perfect place for anyone to check out!
Cure Thrift Shop
Address: 91 3rd Ave, NY
Opening Hours: 11:00 am — 9:00 pm, every day
This is one of those great thrift stores in New York for a good cause-profits benefit diabetes research. It’s a surprising place to shop for secondhand clothing, household items, and even furniture. Prices can be a bit higher than those in some other thrift stores, but there are lots of deals if you know what you’re looking for!
Beacon’s Closet
Address: Multiple Locations
Opening Hours: 11:00 am — 8:00 pm, every day
Beacon’s Closet is an amazing establishment with locations in Manhattan and Brooklyn, and is another one that supports charities and gives back. You can buy, sell, and even exchange cool vintage pieces. It has everything you can imagine, including some famous brand names, so you’ll definitely find something that you fall in love with.
16. When can you make a purchase at El Barrio Thrift Store
A. 6:00 pm on Tuesday. B. 11:00 am on Saturday.
C. 10:30 am on Sunday. D. 1:00 pm on Saturday.
17. Where can customers head if they expect to give their vintage items in exchange for other ones
A. Beacon’s Closet. B. Cure Thrift Shop.
C. L Train Vintage. D. El Barrio Thrift Store.
18. How are El Barrio Thrift Store and Cure Thrift Shop similar to each other
A. They mainly sell brand-name products.
B. They are two chain stores in New York.
C. They both sell objects for houses or offices.
D. They are both supporters of a kind of research.
B
In 2018, the town of Carefree, in the USA was seeking a pumpkin carver to help their newly-planned Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Festival become an instant success. Luckily for them, the sculptor Ray Villafane fell in love with the four-acre Carefree Desert Gardens and agreed to carve pumpkins for the tourists. Then, the festival became a hit in 2018. Now the annual event, which began to take place from October 19 to October 28, in 2011, includes many fun activities for both kids and adults. However, it is the pumpkin carvings that remain the star attraction.
This year, Villafane and his team reached the garden in early October to carve the popular “pickled pumpkins”. Placed inside tanks resembling some kinds of plants to fit in with the environment, the 3D pumpkin artworks were put in a special liquid that helped preserve them for a longer period of time.
Throughout the festival, Villafane and his team also held several live demonstrations, adding to the impressive carved pumpkins on exhibition. They also volunteered to give many pumpkin-carving fans valuable tips.
Besides the wonderful carvings, guests had the chance to go into a pumpkin world, complete with tales. The tales featured pumpkin dead bodies running through the grass, and a group of helpless pumpkins attempting to free their peers imprisoned by a scary-looking figure with only bones. Then, there were the hard-working rats who were sewing a pumpkin.
The highlight of the festival came on October 27, when Villafane transformed a huge pumpkin into a dinosaur. The festival also featured activities including pie-eating matches, story-telling, face painting, and pumpkin-carving matches.
Villafane’s skill first came to light in 1996 after he sculpted a pumpkin for his students during Halloween. In 2007, while still teaching, he decided to use his skills to create action figures for Marvel Comics. Over the next two years, the artist created numerous popular characters. In 2009, Villafane accepted a full-time position about carving toys at DC Comics. In 2013, he finally decided to go after his true love — pumpkin carving. Since he first began carving, the expert has sculpted 2,576 pieces of outstanding works in 102 cities around the world.
The expert using basic carving tools for his most complex creations stands out in the festival.
19. How did the festival held in Carefree become very popular and successful in 2018
A. Thanks to the fantastic songs and dances.
B. Owing to the pumpkins carved by Villafane.
C. Due to the four-acre Carefree Desert Gardens.
D. On account of quite a few celebrities attending it.
20. What is the right description of the tales
A. Some large mouses eating a pumpkin.
B Pumpkin dead bodies running through the forest.
C. Pumpkins trying to fight against a figure with only bones.
D. A pumpkin dinosaur attempting to free helpless pumpkins.
21. When did Villafane start focusing on carving objects that children would like to play with
A. In1996. B. In 2007. C. In 2009. D. In 2013.
22. In which column of a website can you most probably find the text
A. Sports. B. Innovation. C. Politics. D. Culture.
C
Old age may not sound exciting. But recent findings offer good news for older people and for people who are worried about getting older. Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of 50. In fact, they say by the age of 85, people are happier with their life than they were when they were 18 years old.
The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States. The Gallup Organization questioned them by telephone in 2012. At that time, the people were between the ages of 18 and 85. The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.
Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 24 and 25. The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.
The study also showed that men and women have similar feeling patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.
Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their feelings. So they spend less time thinking about bad experiences. Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be connected to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.
The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.
23. How was the new study carried out
A. By conducting some experiments. B. By reasoning, analyzing and judging.
C. By collecting date from some people. D. By referring to some historical documents.
24. What is the result of the study
A. Stress levels fell greatly after people were 50 or above.
B. Older people were most worried about being unemployed.
C. Men at all ages felt sadder and more stressful than women.
D. Levels of stress were the highest among adults in their thirties.
25 Why may aged people get happier according to the research
①Having young children ②Becoming more grateful ③Being living alone
④There being changes in brain chemistry ⑤Controlling their emotions better
A. ②③④ B. ①②⑤ C. ②④⑤ D. ①③④
26. Which was most probably included in the survey
A. The participants’ intelligence. B. The participants’ eyesight.
C. The participants’ strength. D. The participants’ fear.
D
Mexico City is making various strategies to fight against severe water shortage, as a years-long lack of rainfall continues to impact the local water supply. The water crisis is a direct result of falling levels of rain within the Cutzamala System, which supplies the city of nearly 10 million people, and of its primary water source, the Valle de Bravo reservoir. Levels at the reservoir have fallen significantly after years of limited rainfall.
“Mexico currently has a major problem in terms of water due to climate change,” Sandra Lopez, a research er at the public policy research center Mexican Institute for Competitiveness, said. “But it can also be very much linked to the country’s management problems, since we have different factors, such as the fact that not enough resources and financing have been allocated to management.” This, for obvious reasons, means that the population and Mexican society in general is experiencing water stress, which we are only just identifying as a potential problem.
The water shortage affects about one-fourth of the population in the Mexican capital, which is witnessing daily water disruptions (中断) in various areas, making it difficult for residents to undertake essential tasks such as cooking, cleaning and bathing. “In the neighborhood where I am, they start to cut off the water supply at about 1 1 am. It comes very slowly,” Sergio Ramos, a clerk at Navycar car wash in Mexico City, said. The water supply only lasts seven or eight hours a day, he said. Amid the continuing crisis, the federal, state and city governments are urging citizens to conserve water by fixing faulty faucets (水龙头), making use of waste water, and taking shorter showers. These actions, aimed at reducing consumption, could contribute to extending the city’s water supply. With the shortage projected to last until May, water conservation efforts will have to continue for some time.
Some citizens are actively employing measures such as using rainwater or bottled water, while the government is pursuing additional strategies, including reducing water consumption in public buildings, using innovative water-saving devices, and making a plan to augment the city’s water supply. Educational initiatives are also underway to the Cutzamala System.
“The Cutzamala System dams are at low storage levels due to the lack of rain and the drought in the country,” said Mexico City Water System, which manages the city’s drinking water supply. “In this context, at the same time there have been low levels of storage in the tanks that distribute water in the Azcapotzalco district.”
The National Water Commission, or Conagua, explained that there is a 29 percent deficit(缺乏)in the country’s reservoirs, compared with historical data for November.
27. What did Sandra Lopez mainly convey in Paragraph 2
A. Expenses of developing water resources. B. Ways of protecting the water sources.
C. Influences of the water shortage. D. Reasons for the water shortage.
28. Which measure isn’t recommended by the governments but is taken by some citizens
A. Repairing faulty faucets. B. Using rainwater or bottled water.
C. Making the most of waste water. D. Using traditional water-saving devices.
29. Which can replace the underlined word “augment” in Paragraph 4
A. Manage. B. Increase. C. Investigate. D. Classify.
30. What can be the best title for the news report
A. Mexico City battles severe water crisis B. Years-long lack of rainfall in Mexico City
C. Mexico adjusts distribution of water supply D. Cutzamala System supplies Mexico City with water
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Short words from Australia
Australians like abbreviations (缩略语). “Do you wanna hangout this arvo ” I said to my American friend. “What’s arvo ” They asked. Oops. I had forgotten that we Australians have so many slang (俚语) words.____31____
Australians use abbreviations more often than any other English-speaking country, said Australian Geographic magazine, with one language expert compiling about 5, 000 abbreviations.
Australians like to abbreviate words by taking the first syllable (音节) of a word and then adding new endings on the words.____32____But there are many others too. For example, Christmas becomes “Chrissie”; barbecue becomes “Barbie”; sandwich becomes “sanga”; McDonald’s becomes “Macca’s”; and Australia becomes “Aussie”!
Unlike these words, which only Australians seem to use, some other Australian word inventions have taken the world by storm.____33____What about a “demo” (a demonstration) or a “muso” (a musician) These are all Australian-born abbreviations, said the BBC.
____34____Nenagh Kemp, a psychologist at the University of Tasmania, told Australian Geographic that she thinks that these words help Australians to sound more friendly and less pretentious (做作的). Others say it started with prisoners who settled in Australia hundreds of years ago._____35_____
If you ever go to Australia, try asking an Aussie if they’ve ever had a Chrissie barbie in the arvo. I’m sure they’d enjoy that.
A. So why do we do this
B. They liked to use slang words.
C. You must have heard of a “selfie”.
D. Slang often goes in and out of fashion quickly.
E. Often, abbreviated words will end with “ie” or “o”.
F. Some abbreviations are so common that you can use them without guilt.
G. And a lot of them are abbreviations, like “arvo”, which means “afternoon”.
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 19, determined not to spend my last teenage year in a suburb in Buckinghamshire, I took off with an Australian friend. We travelled around Europe for months. We stayed in the ____36____accommodation we could find due to a lack of money and only ____37____ bread, cheese and the occasional bottle of red wine.
That was in 1990, a time before mobile phones and the Internet appeared, when the primary ____38____ our home was the collection of ____39____ from the post office.
Before I left, Mom had made me a money pouch (荷包) to wear around my neck. She’d also made me two sleeping sheets so I could ____40____unclean bedding. She didn’t want me to go, and those gifts were her way of telling me to have a wonderful time.
It’s only now, as my 18-year-old daughter is preparing to leave on her own gap-year (间休年) trip, that I have more ____41____ what Mom felt.
Doing multiple jobs and saving money, my daughter has researched on her own where to stay, how to ____42____ and what to do when she arrives. Therefore, she ____43____ asks for my opinion and I find myself ____44____ unsure of whether I should intervene (介入) or back off. I want to be supportive but not too _____45_____. I want to be cool but not indifferent. I want to be like the perfect travel guide.
When she first mentioned a gap-year travel, I was encouraging, expecting her to have her own experiences that will _____46_____ her. As I had mine, I didn’t let myself speak too long on the idea of her not being here. Soon there will just be me, my son and the cat in our house. However, I am not quite _____47_____ that. But the trip may benefit her. This is not in 1990 and I am not _____48_____ at home waiting for a(n)_____49_____ . I have promised not to _____50_____ her with messages, but at least I know she can contact me whenever she wants to.
36. A. nearest B. tidiest C. cheapest D. safest
37. A. lived on B. passed on C. turned in D. hung up
38. A. responsibility for B. contact with C. belief in D. response to
39. A. stamps B. envelopes C. text D. mail
40. A. avoid B. dust C. spread D. fold
41. A. confidence in B. influence on C. doubt about D. sympathy for
42. A. get along B. get around C. get away D. get down
43. A. frequently B. regretfully C. sorrowfully D. rarely
44. A. courageously B. deliberately C. desperately D. favorably
45. A. involved B. thrilled C. embarrassed D. discouraged
46. A. calm B. shape C. control D. resist
47. A. envious of B. skilled in C. ashamed of D. ready for
48. A. stuck B. busy C. free D. burdened
49. A. announcement B. invitation C. letter D. gift
50. A. blame B. comfort C. bother D. greet
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My occupation is an ____51____ (architecture). I had only swum in open water a few times and always in gentle lakes, so how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day was not ____52____ I was prepared for. ____53____ was acknowledged that the water might feel colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to face the challenge. The task might sound ____54____ (ambition). I said to my family members, “At this time tomorrow I will be swimming in the lake.”
Most of the participants were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. The participants ranged from very old people to very young swimmers. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year swam in every one-mile race.
It was the third one-mile race of the day that ____55____ (chose) by me three days before. There were over 600 participants in my race. After being taken through a preparation area, we felt how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.
I stared at the lake for some time, wondering if I could finish the competition smoothly. Though ____56____ (warn) that the first 100 meters would be really rough, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm. It felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and skill, and just constantly made an effort ____57____ (swim). Hardly had I approached the 400m-to-go mark when my lower right leg became incredibly painful. I began to feel the entire le g tight and exhausted. No matter how terrible I felt, I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg. The ____58____ (consume) of my energy was so high.
My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter—the atmosphere was absorbing and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time was. It was my perseverance that contributed to my finishing the race. The success could boost my ____59____ (confident). I’m attracted and want to give it another go. If possible, I will sign up for my next open-water swim. Now this is an activity I am willing to engage ____60____.
第三节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请在方框中选择合适词汇，填入答题卡的空格中（只填代码），使短文完整连贯。
注意：（1）每个选项至多只能使用一次；（2）方框中有一个多余词汇。
A. started B. especially C. has resulted in D. conservation E. curious F. occasions G. why H. because of I. small J. in some way K. to create
Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant ____61____ by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation (滥伐森林).
Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai, who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative (倡仪) ____62____ the planting of over 51 million trees to date.
In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He ____63____ by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he gets a goal. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, ____64____ his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take the ____65____ of nature seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. So, as a consequence, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility ____66____ the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from.
Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon (现象). “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation ____67____ a safer and greener future.” This is ____68____ he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.
As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved ____69____, no matter how _____70_____.
第四部分 写作（满分25分）
71. 读后续写
My son David was injured in his forehead so I had to take him to a hospital. I looked around the crowded waiting room in the hospital and sighed. I thought, “Will the doctor be able to see my eight-year-old son soon ” I tried steadying the ice pack (冰袋) over his forehead, but it was no use. I couldn’t stop shaking. The injury in his forehead was deep, but at least blood wasn’t pouring from it anymore.
His face was full of tears, but he seemed really brave for his age. I handed him the ice pack, and he covered his forehead with it. He was doing a much better job than I had. We were at the hospital because another child had thrown a rock at David during a break between classes as he was running around the corner. His teacher called me, and when I arrived, I found him sitting in front of her. His teacher was caring for his injury, trying to keep him calm. She felt terrible about what had happened, but I knew none of it was her fault.
David received four stitches (缝线) and didn’t cry once throughout the whole treatment. For the next two days, his forehead was swollen and black and blue. I felt like I’d had a mini nervous breakdown. Every time I tried to sleep or tend to housework, horrible thoughts crept into my mind. Fear had taken over, and then the fear turned to anger. I was angry with the child who’d thrown the rock. I just couldn’t shake it. What was she thinking She should have known about that better.
David’s headmaster and teacher called me that evening to see how David was feeling and told me Cherry, the girl, felt terrible. I wanted to stand up for my son, do the right thing and protect him.
The next day, David’s teacher stopped by to see how David was feeling and dropped off a get-well card that Cherry had made. David and I read it several times, and I couldn’t help but feel a little choked up. It was a sincere apology.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
This card mattered a lot to us.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We wondered how Cherry would make a response after reading the letter.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________深圳市光明区光明中学2023～2024学年高二第二学期期中考试
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：外研版选择性必修Book 2 Unit 3～Book 3 Unit 2。
第一部分 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The research group handed in two reports based on the survey, but ______ contained any useful suggestions.
A. all B. none C. neither D. either
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：研究小组根据调查提交了两份报告，但都没有提出任何有用的建议。A. all所有；B. none没有一个；C. neither两者都不；D. either(两者中的)任何一个。根据前文“The research group handed in two reports based on the survey”，以及转折可知，应是这两个报告都没有提出任何有用的建议。故选C项。
2. Last Friday the bus went out of ______ control and ran into a line of people, which left ______ impression on many people.
A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. a; the D. 不填; an
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：上周五，公交车失控，撞进了排队的人群，给很多人留下了深刻的印象。一空处是固定搭配：out of control意为“失去控制”，所以空处不填冠词，二空处是固定搭配：leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”，所以空处应填an。故选D项。
3. Make the best of your precious time and study harder. Maybe at this time next year you ______ a colorful campus life in your dream university.
A. will be enjoying B. had enjoyed
C. was going to enjoy D. have been enjoying
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：充分利用你的宝贵时间，更加努力地学习。也许明年的这个时候，你将在你梦想的大学里享受丰富多彩的校园生活。根据“at this time next year”可知，此处应用将来进行时。故选A。
4. ______ tired he was, the firefighter still kept rescuing the villagers trapped in the flood.
A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管很累，消防队员仍然坚持营救被困在洪水中的村民。修饰形容词tired应用however引导让步状语从句。故选A。
5. Mary said that it was due to her strong interest in literature ______ she selected the course.
A. why B. what C. that D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：玛丽说她选这门课是因为她对文学有浓厚的兴趣。that引导的宾语从句中去掉it was和空格后句子完整，所以此处为强调句句式，即“it be+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”，被强调部分是物时，可以用that，是人时应用who/that；此句中对原因状语“due to her strong interest in literature”进行强调。故选C。
6. Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, ______ full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names.
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：巴勃罗·毕加索是世界上最著名的艺术家之一，他的全名很长，实际上是许多名字的混合体。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Pablo Picasso，在从句中作定语，用whose引导。故选B项。
7. ________ occurred to me that I would sit a vital examination this Friday.
A. As B. It C. That D. What
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我突然想到，这周五，我有一个重要的考试。根据句子分析可知，此处为“it occurred to sb. that...某人突然想到……”句型，此处it为形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，故选It。
8. ______ red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive.
A. Having painted B. Paint C. To be painted D. Painted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座建筑被漆成红色，在其他建筑中非常引人注目，看起来非常吸引人。本句已有谓语动词stands，所以paint用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语the building之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式作状语。故选D项。
9. —What will the weather be like tomorrow
—I have no idea. I was on the phone when the weather report ______.
A. will be broadcast B. has been broadcast
C. was being broadcast D. had been broadcast
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：——明天的天气怎么样？——我不知道。天气预报正在广播时，我正在打电话。动词broadcast意为“广播”，和主语the weather report构成被动关系。根据“I was on the phone”可知，此处是指在过去的时间点天气预报正在被播放，所以应用过去进行时。故选C。
10. ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice remains to be seen.
A. What B. Which C. Whether D. If
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新成立的委员会的政策能否付诸实施还有待观察。空处引导主语从句，从句中结构完整，无需连接代词引导，所以排除A，B，根据句意，表达“是否”之意，用if或者whether，其中whether可以引导各种名词性从句，包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句；if主要引导宾语从句，且不能用于引导主语从句和表语从句。故选C项。
11. I’m afraid Tom is more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
A. why B. when C. where D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我担心汤姆是个空谈而不是实干的人，这就是为什么他什么事都做不完的原因。在表语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，根据“I’m afraid Tom is more of a talker than a doer”和“he never finishes anything”可知，此处应用连接副词why引导表语从句。故选A。
12. They live ______ harmony with each other in the district regardless ______ their belonging to different ethic groups.
A. at; on B. for; with C. to; by D. in; of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：他们不分民族，在这个地区和睦相处。live in harmony with意为“和……和睦相处”，所以第一处应用介词in。regardless of意为“不管，不顾”，所以此处应用介词of。故选D。
13. No matter ______ I get home late, Grandma always leaves a light on for me.
A. when B. who C. what D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管我什么时候回家晚了，奶奶总是给我留一盏灯。根据“Grandma always leaves a light on for me”可知，此处是指不管“我”什么时候回家晚了，所以应用no matter when引导让步状语从句。故选A。
14. —What did you say you were unwilling to risk just now
— ______ to high levels of radiation.
A. Expose B. Exposing
C. To be exposed D. Being exposed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你刚才说你不愿意冒险吗 ——暴露在高水平的辐射中。分析句子可知，本句为省略句，还原为：I was unwilling to risk doing sth. risk 后接动名词作宾语，expose与逻辑主语I是被动关系，使用动名词的被动形式being exposed。故选D项。
15. In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my hometown, making it ______ a new look.
A. drop by B. take on C. suffer for D. spread to
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化，使它呈现出新的面貌。A. drop by顺道拜访；B. take on显出(新面貌或新特点)；C. suffer for为…受苦；D. spread to扩散到。根据前文“In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my hometown”可知，是家乡发生了巨大的变化，所以呈现出新的面貌。故选B项。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four best thrift stores (旧货商店) in New York
El Barrio Thrift Store
Address: 2123 2nd Ave, NY
Opening Hours: 10:30 am — 5:30 pm, Mon. — Fri.;12:30 pm — 5:30 pm, Sat.; Closed, Sun.
If you’re looking for furniture or items to decorate your home or office, this is absolutely the place for you. It’s a great thrift shop to stop in while you’re hunting for vintage (老式的) treasures. You will always be surprised at some of the amazing things it offers, so make sure you stop by to have a look!
L Train Vintage
Address: Multiple Locations
Opening Hours: 12:00 pm — 7:00 pm, every day
This is a cool family-owned vintage brand popular with vintage shoppers since its opening in 1999. You can always find well-priced outerwear (外套) and sweaters, so it’s a good choice to visit the store when winter is approaching. You can usually find all sizes there, which makes it the perfect place for anyone to check out!
Cure Thrift Shop
Address: 91 3rd Ave, NY
Opening Hours: 11:00 am — 9:00 pm, every day
This is one of those great thrift stores in New York for a good cause-profits benefit diabetes research. It’s a surprising place to shop for secondhand clothing, household items, and even furniture. Prices can be a bit higher than those in some other thrift stores, but there are lots of deals if you know what you’re looking for!
Beacon’s Closet
Address: Multiple Locations
Opening Hours: 11:00 am — 8:00 pm, every day
Beacon’s Closet is an amazing establishment with locations in Manhattan and Brooklyn, and is another one that supports charities and gives back. You can buy, sell, and even exchange cool vintage pieces. It has everything you can imagine, including some famous brand names, so you’ll definitely find something that you fall in love with.
16. When can you make a purchase at El Barrio Thrift Store
A. 6:00 pm on Tuesday. B. 11:00 am on Saturday.
C. 10:30 am on Sunday. D. 1:00 pm on Saturday.
17. Where can customers head if they expect to give their vintage items in exchange for other ones
A. Beacon’s Closet. B. Cure Thrift Shop.
C. L Train Vintage. D. El Barrio Thrift Store.
18. How are El Barrio Thrift Store and Cure Thrift Shop similar to each other
A. They mainly sell brand-name products.
B. They are two chain stores in New York.
C. They both sell objects for houses or offices.
D. They are both supporters of a kind of research.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家纽约最好的旧货商店。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据El Barrio Thrift Store部分中的“Opening Hours: 10:30 am — 5:30 pm, Mon. — Fri.;12:30 pm — 5:30 pm, Sat.; Closed, Sun.(开放时间：周一至周五上午10:30至下午5:30；周六下午12:30至5:30；周日歇业。)”可知，周六下午一点可以在El Barrio旧货店买东西。故选D。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Beacon’s Closet部分中的“You can buy, sell, and even exchange cool vintage pieces.(你可以买，卖，甚至交换很酷的古董。)”可知，如果顾客想用自己的古董来换别的东西，他们可以去灯塔的壁橱。故选A。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据El Barrio Thrift Store部分中的“If you’re looking for furniture or items to decorate your home or office, this is absolutely the place for you.(如果你正在寻找家具或物品来装饰你的家或办公室，这绝对是你的地方。)”和Cure Thrift Shop部分中的“It’s a surprising place to shop for secondhand clothing, household items, and even furniture.(这是一个买二手衣服、家居用品甚至家具的好地方。)”可知，El Barrio旧货店和Cure旧货店的相似之处是都出售房屋或办公室的物品。故选C。
B
In 2018, the town of Carefree, in the USA was seeking a pumpkin carver to help their newly-planned Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Festival become an instant success. Luckily for them, the sculptor Ray Villafane fell in love with the four-acre Carefree Desert Gardens and agreed to carve pumpkins for the tourists. Then, the festival became a hit in 2018. Now the annual event, which began to take place from October 19 to October 28, in 2011, includes many fun activities for both kids and adults. However, it is the pumpkin carvings that remain the star attraction.
This year, Villafane and his team reached the garden in early October to carve the popular “pickled pumpkins”. Placed inside tanks resembling some kinds of plants to fit in with the environment, the 3D pumpkin artworks were put in a special liquid that helped preserve them for a longer period of time.
Throughout the festival, Villafane and his team also held several live demonstrations, adding to the impressive carved pumpkins on exhibition. They also volunteered to give many pumpkin-carving fans valuable tips.
Besides the wonderful carvings, guests had the chance to go into a pumpkin world, complete with tales. The tales featured pumpkin dead bodies running through the grass, and a group of helpless pumpkins attempting to free their peers imprisoned by a scary-looking figure with only bones. Then, there were the hard-working rats who were sewing a pumpkin.
The highlight of the festival came on October 27, when Villafane transformed a huge pumpkin into a dinosaur. The festival also featured activities including pie-eating matches, story-telling, face painting, and pumpkin-carving matches.
Villafane’s skill first came to light in 1996 after he sculpted a pumpkin for his students during Halloween. In 2007, while still teaching, he decided to use his skills to create action figures for Marvel Comics. Over the next two years, the artist created numerous popular characters. In 2009, Villafane accepted a full-time position about carving toys at DC Comics. In 2013, he finally decided to go after his true love — pumpkin carving. Since he first began carving, the expert has sculpted 2,576 pieces of outstanding works in 102 cities around the world.
The expert using basic carving tools for his most complex creations stands out in the festival.
19. How did the festival held in Carefree become very popular and successful in 2018
A. Thanks to the fantastic songs and dances.
B. Owing to the pumpkins carved by Villafane.
C. Due to the four-acre Carefree Desert Gardens.
D. On account of quite a few celebrities attending it.
20. What is the right description of the tales
A. Some large mouses eating a pumpkin.
B. Pumpkin dead bodies running through the forest.
C. Pumpkins trying to fight against a figure with only bones.
D. A pumpkin dinosaur attempting to free helpless pumpkins.
21. When did Villafane start focusing on carving objects that children would like to play with
A. In1996. B. In 2007. C. In 2009. D. In 2013.
22. In which column of a website can you most probably find the text
A. Sports. B. Innovation. C. Politics. D. Culture.
【答案】19. B 20. C 21. C 22. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了万圣节期间的魔法南瓜园及雕刻师雷·维拉法恩的工作经历及成就。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二三句“Luckily for them, the sculptor Ray Villafane fell in love with the four-acre Carefree Desert Gardens and agreed to carve pumpkins for the tourists. Then, the festival became a hit in 2018.”（幸运的是，雕塑家雷·维拉法恩爱上了这个占地4英亩的“Carefree Desert Gardens”，并同意为游客雕刻南瓜。然后，该节日在2018年成为热门。）可知，该节日在2018年非常成功是因为雕塑家雷·维拉法恩雕刻的南瓜。故选B项。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The tales featured pumpkin dead bodies running through the grass, and a group of helpless pumpkins attempting to free their peers imprisoned by a scary-looking figure with only bones.”（故事中南瓜的尸体在草丛中奔跑，一群无助的南瓜试图释放被一个只有骨头的可怕人物囚禁的同伴。）可知，故事中把南瓜拟人化了，南瓜们想与骷髅对抗，拯救被囚禁的同伴。故选C项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第四句“In 2009, Villafane accepted a full-time position about carving toys at DC Comics.”（2009年，维拉法恩接受了DC漫画公司一份雕刻玩具的全职工作。）可知，在2009年他开始在孩子们喜欢玩的玩具上雕刻。故选C项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“In 2018, the town of Carefree, in the USA was seeking a pumpkin carver to help their newly-planned Enchanted Pumpkin Garden Festival become an instant success.”（2018年， Carefree小镇正在寻找一名南瓜雕刻师，以帮助他们新计划的魔法南瓜花园节能取得迅速成功。）及最后一段“The expert using basic carving tools for his most complex creations stands out in the festival.”（这位使用基本雕刻工具制作最复杂作品的专家在节日中脱颖而出。）并结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了万圣节期间的魔法南瓜园及雕刻师雷·维拉法恩的雕刻经历，应属于文化范畴。故选D项。
C
Old age may not sound exciting. But recent findings offer good news for older people and for people who are worried about getting older. Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of 50. In fact, they say by the age of 85, people are happier with their life than they were when they were 18 years old.
The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States. The Gallup Organization questioned them by telephone in 2012. At that time, the people were between the ages of 18 and 85. The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.
Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 24 and 25. The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.
The study also showed that men and women have similar feeling patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.
Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their feelings. So they spend less time thinking about bad experiences. Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be connected to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.
The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.
23. How was the new study carried out
A. By conducting some experiments. B. By reasoning, analyzing and judging.
C. By collecting date from some people. D. By referring to some historical documents.
24. What is the result of the study
A Stress levels fell greatly after people were 50 or above.
B. Older people were most worried about being unemployed.
C. Men at all ages felt sadder and more stressful than women.
D. Levels of stress were the highest among adults in their thirties.
25. Why may aged people get happier according to the research
①Having young children ②Becoming more grateful ③Being living alone
④There being changes in brain chemistry ⑤Controlling their emotions better
A. ②③④ B. ①②⑤ C. ②④⑤ D. ①③④
26. Which was most probably included in the survey
A. The participants’ intelligence. B. The participants’ eyesight.
C. The participants’ strength. D. The participants’ fear.
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一项研究发现年纪越大的人会变得更加开心幸福。
23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States. The Gallup Organization questioned them by telephone in 2012.(这一发现来自对美国34万多名成年人的调查。盖洛普组织在2012年通过电话对他们进行了调查)”可知，新研究通过从一些人那里收集数据进行。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.(研究结果显示，人们到了50岁之后，压力水平急剧下降)”可知，研究的结果是50岁或50岁以上的人压力水平大大下降。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their feelings. So they spend less time thinking about bad experiences. Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be connected to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.(有一种理论认为，随着年龄的增长，人们对自己所拥有的东西越来越感恩，也能更好地控制自己的情绪。所以他们花更少的时间去想不好的经历。斯通教授说，情绪模式可能与人们看待世界的方式变化有关，甚至可能与大脑化学物质的变化有关)”可知，老年人会变得更快乐是因为变得更加感恩、大脑中的化学物质发生了变化以及能够更好地控制情绪。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.(研究人员问了一些关于快乐、悲伤和担忧等情绪的问题。他们还询问了精神或情绪压力)”可推知，参与者的恐惧最有可能包括在调查中。故选D。
D
Mexico City is making various strategies to fight against severe water shortage, as a years-long lack of rainfall continues to impact the local water supply. The water crisis is a direct result of falling levels of rain within the Cutzamala System, which supplies the city of nearly 10 million people, and of its primary water source, the Valle de Bravo reservoir. Levels at the reservoir have fallen significantly after years of limited rainfall.
“Mexico currently has a major problem in terms of water due to climate change,” Sandra Lopez, a research er at the public policy research center Mexican Institute for Competitiveness, said. “But it can also be very much linked to the country’s management problems, since we have different factors, such as the fact that not enough resources and financing have been allocated to management.” This, for obvious reasons, means that the population and Mexican society in general is experiencing water stress, which we are only just identifying as a potential problem.
The water shortage affects about one-fourth of the population in the Mexican capital, which is witnessing daily water disruptions (中断) in various areas, making it difficult for residents to undertake essential tasks such as cooking, cleaning and bathing. “In the neighborhood where I am, they start to cut off the water supply at about 1 1 am. It comes very slowly,” Sergio Ramos, a clerk at Navycar car wash in Mexico City, said. The water supply only lasts seven or eight hours a day, he said. Amid the continuing crisis, the federal, state and city governments are urging citizens to conserve water by fixing faulty faucets (水龙头), making use of waste water, and taking shorter showers. These actions, aimed at reducing consumption, could contribute to extending the city’s water supply. With the shortage projected to last until May, water conservation efforts will have to continue for some time.
Some citizens are actively employing measures such as using rainwater or bottled water, while the government is pursuing additional strategies, including reducing water consumption in public buildings, using innovative water-saving devices, and making a plan to augment the city’s water supply. Educational initiatives are also underway to the Cutzamala System.
“The Cutzamala System dams are at low storage levels due to the lack of rain and the drought in the country,” said Mexico City Water System, which manages the city’s drinking water supply. “In this context, at the same time there have been low levels of storage in the tanks that distribute water in the Azcapotzalco district.”
The National Water Commission, or Conagua, explained that there is a 29 percent deficit(缺乏)in the country’s reservoirs, compared with historical data for November.
27. What did Sandra Lopez mainly convey in Paragraph 2
A. Expenses of developing water resources. B. Ways of protecting the water sources.
C. Influences of the water shortage. D. Reasons for the water shortage.
28. Which measure isn’t recommended by the governments but is taken by some citizens
A. Repairing faulty faucets. B. Using rainwater or bottled water.
C. Making the most of waste water. D. Using traditional water-saving devices.
29. Which can replace the underlined word “augment” in Paragraph 4
A Manage. B. Increase. C. Investigate. D. Classify.
30. What can be the best title for the news report
A. Mexico City battles severe water crisis B. Years-long lack of rainfall in Mexico City
C. Mexico adjusts distribution of water supply D. Cutzamala System supplies Mexico City with water
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. B 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了墨西哥城为了应对水资源短缺所采取的一些措施。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But it can also be very much linked to the country’s management problems, since we have different factors, such as the fact that not enough resources and financing have been allocated to management.(但是，它也可能与国家的管理问题有很大的联系，因为我们有不同的因素，例如没有为管理分配足够的资源和资金)”可知，Sandra Lopez在第二段主要表达了水资源短缺的原因。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Some citizens are actively employing measures such as using rainwater or bottled water, while the government is pursuing additional strategies, including reducing water consumption in public buildings, using innovative water-saving devices, and making a plan to augment the city’s water supply.(部分市民积极采取雨水或瓶装水等对策，政府也在推进减少公共建筑用水量、使用创新节水设备、制定扩大城市供水计划等对策)”可知，使用雨水或瓶装水是一些公民采取的措施。故选B。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“the government is pursuing additional strategies, including reducing water consumption in public buildings, using innovative water-saving devices, and making a plan to”以及后文“the city’s water supply”可知，政府也在推进减少公共建筑用水量、使用创新节水设备、制定扩大城市供水计划等对策。故划线词意思是“增加，扩大”的意思。故选B。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mexico City is making various strategies to fight against severe water shortage, as a years-long lack of rainfall continues to impact the local water supply.(墨西哥城正在制定各种策略来应对严重的水资源短缺，因为长达数年的降雨不足继续影响着当地的供水)”结合文章主要说明了墨西哥城为了应对水资源短缺所采取的一些措施，故A选项“墨西哥城与严重的水危机作斗争”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Short words from Australia
Australians like abbreviations (缩略语). “Do you wanna hangout this arvo ” I said to my American friend. “What’s arvo ” They asked. Oops. I had forgotten that we Australians have so many slang (俚语) words.____31____
Australians use abbreviations more often than any other English-speaking country, said Australian Geographic magazine, with one language expert compiling about 5, 000 abbreviations.
Australians like to abbreviate words by taking the first syllable (音节) of a word and then adding new endings on the words.____32____But there are many others too. For example, Christmas becomes “Chrissie”; barbecue becomes “Barbie”; sandwich becomes “sanga”; McDonald’s becomes “Macca’s”; and Australia becomes “Aussie”!
Unlike these words, which only Australians seem to use, some other Australian word inventions have taken the world by storm.____33____What about a “demo” (a demonstration) or a “muso” (a musician) These are all Australian-born abbreviations, said the BBC.
____34____Nenagh Kemp, a psychologist at the University of Tasmania, told Australian Geographic that she thinks that these words help Australians to sound more friendly and less pretentious (做作的). Others say it started with prisoners who settled in Australia hundreds of years ago._____35_____
If you ever go to Australia, try asking an Aussie if they’ve ever had a Chrissie barbie in the arvo. I’m sure they’d enjoy that.
A. So why do we do this
B. They liked to use slang words.
C. You must have heard of a “selfie”.
D. Slang often goes in and out of fashion quickly.
E. Often, abbreviated words will end with “ie” or “o”.
F. Some abbreviations are so common that you can use them without guilt.
G. And a lot of them are abbreviations, like “arvo”, which means “afternoon”.
【答案】31. G 32. E 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了来自澳大利亚的俚语。
【31题详解】
根据“Australians like abbreviations (缩略语). (澳大利亚人喜欢缩略语)”和上句“ “What’s arvo ” They asked. I had forgotten that we Australians have so many slang(俚语) words. (“arvo是什么 ”他们问道。我都忘了我们澳大利亚人有这么多俚语)”可知，设空处应对其进行具体的介绍，G项：And a lot of them are abbreviations, like “arvo”, which means “afternoon”. (其中很多都是缩写，比如“arvo”，意思是“下午”。)合乎题意。故选G。
【32题详解】
根据上句“Australians like to abbreviate words by taking the first syllable (音节) of a word and then adding new endings on the words.(澳大利亚人喜欢把单词的第一个音节缩写，然后在单词后面加上新的结尾。)”可知，设空处应解释缩略语的特点是什么，E项：Often, abbreviated words will end with “ie” or “o” (通常，缩写词以“ie”或“o”结尾。)合乎题意。故选E。
【33题详解】
根据上句“Unlike these words, which only Australians seem to use, some other Australian word inventions have taken the world by storm.(与这些似乎只有澳大利亚人才使用的词汇不同，澳大利亚人发明的其他一些词汇已经风靡全球)”可知，设空处应为澳大利亚人发明的一些词汇在全球应用的具体的实例。C项：You must have heard of a “selfie” (你一定听说过“自拍”)合乎题意。故选C。
【34题详解】
根据后句“Nenagh Kemp, a psychologist at the University of Tasmania, told Australian Geographic that she thinks that these words help Australians to sound more friendly and less pretentious (做作的). (塔斯马尼亚大学的心理学家内纳·肯普在接受《澳大利亚地理》杂志采访时表示，她认为这些词能让澳大利亚人听起来更友好，不那么做作。)”说明使用俚语的原因可知，设空处为提出为什么这样做的问题， A项：So why do we do this ( 那么我们为什么要使用俚语呢？)合乎题意。故选A。
【35题详解】
根据上句“Others say it started with prisoners who settled in Australia hundreds of years ago.(也有人说，它始于数百年前在澳大利亚定居的囚犯。)”可知，设空处承接上句，说明使用俚语的另一个原因，B项：They liked to use slang words. (他们喜欢使用俚语。)承接上句，合乎题意，其中They指代上文提到的prisoners。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 19, determined not to spend my last teenage year in a suburb in Buckinghamshire, I took off with an Australian friend. We travelled around Europe for months. We stayed in the ____36____accommodation we could find due to a lack of money and only ____37____ bread, cheese and the occasional bottle of red wine.
That was in 1990, a time before mobile phones and the Internet appeared, when the primary ____38____ our home was the collection of ____39____ from the post office.
Before I left, Mom had made me a money pouch (荷包) to wear around my neck. She’d also made me two sleeping sheets so I could ____40____unclean bedding. She didn’t want me to go, and those gifts were her way of telling me to have a wonderful time.
It’s only now, as my 18-year-old daughter is preparing to leave on her own gap-year (间休年) trip, that I have more ____41____ what Mom felt.
Doing multiple jobs and saving money, my daughter has researched on her own where to stay, how to ____42____ and what to do when she arrives. Therefore, she ____43____ asks for my opinion and I find myself ____44____ unsure of whether I should intervene (介入) or back off. I want to be supportive but not too _____45_____. I want to be cool but not indifferent. I want to be like the perfect travel guide.
When she first mentioned a gap-year travel, I was encouraging, expecting her to have her own experiences that will _____46_____ her. As I had mine, I didn’t let myself speak too long on the idea of her not being here. Soon there will just be me, my son and the cat in our house. However, I am not quite _____47_____ that. But the trip may benefit her. This is not in 1990 and I am not _____48_____ at home waiting for a(n)_____49_____ . I have promised not to _____50_____ her with messages, but at least I know she can contact me whenever she wants to.
36. A. nearest B. tidiest C. cheapest D. safest
37. A. lived on B. passed on C. turned in D. hung up
38. A. responsibility for B. contact with C. belief in D. response to
39. A. stamps B. envelopes C. text D. mail
40. A. avoid B. dust C. spread D. fold
41. A. confidence in B. influence on C. doubt about D. sympathy for
42. A. get along B. get around C. get away D. get down
43. A. frequently B. regretfully C. sorrowfully D. rarely
44. A. courageously B. deliberately C. desperately D. favorably
45. A. involved B. thrilled C. embarrassed D. discouraged
46. A. calm B. shape C. control D. resist
47. A. envious of B. skilled in C. ashamed of D. ready for
48. A. stuck B. busy C. free D. burdened
49. A. announcement B. invitation C. letter D. gift
50. A. blame B. comfort C. bother D. greet
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者回顾了自己当年旅行的情景，以及母亲的担忧和给予的支持。现在，自己的女儿即将开启间隔年旅行，作者将不同时期的情况和感受进行了对比。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有钱，我们住在我们能找到的最便宜的住处，只靠面包、奶酪和偶尔一瓶红酒度日。A. nearest最近的；B. tidiest最整洁的；C. cheapest最便宜的；D. safest最安全的。根据下文“due to a lack of money”可知，作者缺钱，所以她只能找最便宜的住处。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于没有钱，我们住在我们能找到的最便宜的住处，只靠面包、奶酪和偶尔一瓶红酒度日。A. lived on以……为生/度日；B. passed on传递；C. turned in上交；D. hung up挂断。根据下文“bread, cheese and the occasional bottle of red wine”可知，因为缺钱，所以作者只能靠面包、奶酪和偶尔一瓶红酒度日。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：那是在1990年，在手机和互联网出现之前，我们与家的主要联系是从邮局收取信件。A. responsibility for对……的责任；B. contact with与……的联系；C. belief in对……的信念；D. response to对……的回应。根据上文“before mobile phones and the Internet appeared”和下文“the collection of 4 from the post office”可知，在没有手机和互联网的年代，作者通过邮局的信件来与家人联系。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是在1990年，在手机和互联网出现之前，我们与家的主要联系是从邮局收取信件。A. stamps邮票；B. envelopes信封；C. text文本；D. mail信件。根据下文“from the post office”可知，从邮局收取信件。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还给我做了两张床单，这样我就可以避免使用不干净的被褥。A. avoid避免；B. dust擦去……的灰尘；C. spread传播；D. fold折叠。根据上文“made me two sleeping sheets”可知，作者的妈妈准备两张床单是为了让作者避免使用不干净的被褥。故选A项。
【41题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：直到现在，当我18岁的女儿准备开始她自己的间隔年旅行时，我才对妈妈的感受有了更多的理解。A. confidence in对……的信心；B. influence on对……的影响；C. doubt about对……的怀疑；D. sympathy for对……的体谅/同情。上文作者回忆当年自己的妈妈所做的一切，现在自己的女儿也到了间休年旅行的时间，结合下文“what Mom felt”可推知，作者经历了同样的事情，理解了当年妈妈的感受。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了省钱，我的女儿做了很多工作，她自己研究了住在哪里，如何出行，到达后该做些什么。A. get along相处；B. get around四处走动；C. get away离开；D. get down记下。根据上文可知，作者的女儿将要开始自己的间隔年旅行，为此她做了很多准备工作，研究了住处和出行方式，即到旅行时四处走动的方式。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她很少征求我的意见，我发现自己非常不确定是应该干预还是退出。A. frequently经常；B. regretfully遗憾地；C. sorrowfully悲伤地；D. rarely很少。根据上文“ Doing multiple jobs and saving money, my daughter has researched on her own where to stay, how to 7 and what to do when she arrives.”可知，女儿自己做了很多准备工作，所以很少征求作者的意见。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她很少征求我的意见，我发现自己非常不确定是应该介入还是退出。A. courageously勇敢地；B. deliberately故意地；C. desperately非常；D. favorably有利地。根据下文“whether I should intervene or back off”和“I want to be supportive but not too 8 . I want to be cool but not indifferent.”可推知，作者不知道该不该介入和如何介入，犹豫不决，非常不确定。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想支持她，但又不想参与太深。A. involved卷入的，参与的；B. thrilled非常兴奋的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. discouraged沮丧的。根据转折连词“but”可推知，作者想提供帮助，但又不想过多参与其中，体现了其矛盾的心理。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她第一次提到间隔年旅行时，我很鼓励她，希望她有自己的经历来塑造她。A. calm使平静；B. shape塑造；C. control控制；D. resist抵抗。根据上文“ to have her own experiences”和下文“But the trip may benefit her.”可推知，作者希望女儿有自己的经历，进而完成对自己的塑造。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：然而，我还没有准备好。A. envious of羡慕；B. skilled in擅长……的；C. ashamed of羞于……的；D. ready for对……准备好的。根据表示转折关系的副词“ However”可推知，对于女儿的离开，作者其实并没有做好心理准备。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在不是1990年，我也没有被困在家里等信。A. stuck被困住的；B. busy忙碌的；C. free自由的；D. burdened负荷的。根据上文“That was in 1990, a time before mobile phones and the Internet appeared”和“This is not in 1990”可知，时代与不一样了，作者现在不需要像自己妈妈当时那样，只能困守在家里等女儿的信件。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在不是1990年，我也没有被困在家里等信。A. announcement公告；B. invitation邀请；C. letter信；D. gift礼物。根据上文“That was in 1990, a time before mobile phones and the Internet appeared, when the primary 3 our home was the collection of 4 from the post office.”可推知，1990年的时候，作者的妈妈只能困守在家里等女儿的信件，但现在有了手机和互联网，作者不再需要等待信件。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过她不发短信打扰她，但至少我知道她可以随时联系我。A. blame责备；B. comfort安慰；C. bother打扰；D. greet问候。根据上文“not to”和下文“I know she can contact me whenever she wants to”可推知，作者答应不会发短信打扰旅行的女儿。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My occupation is an ____51____ (architecture). I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day was not ____52____ I was prepared for. ____53____ was acknowledged that the water might feel colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to face the challenge. The task might sound ____54____ (ambition). I said to my family members, “At this time tomorrow I will be swimming in the lake.”
Most of the participants were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. The participants ranged from very old people to very young swimmers. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year swam in every one-mile race.
It was the third one-mile race of the day that ____55____ (chose) by me three days before. There were over 600 participants in my race. After being taken through a preparation area, we felt how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.
I stared at the lake for some time, wondering if I could finish the competition smoothly. Though ____56____ (warn) that the first 100 meters would be really rough, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm. It felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and skill, and just constantly made an effort ____57____ (swim). Hardly had I approached the 400m-to-go mark when my lower right leg became incredibly painful. I began to feel the entire le g tight and exhausted. No matter how terrible I felt, I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg. The ____58____ (consume) of my energy was so high.
My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter—the atmosphere was absorbing and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time was. It was my perseverance that contributed to my finishing the race. The success could boost my ____59____ (confident). I’m attracted and want to give it another go. If possible, I will sign up for my next open-water swim. Now this is an activity I am willing to engage ____60____.
【答案】51. architect
52. what 53. It
54. ambitious
55. had been chosen
56 warned 57. to swim
58. consumption
59. confidence
60. in
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。详细记叙了作者参加公开水域游泳比赛的经历，从报名到准备，再到比赛过程中的挑战和困难，以及最终的完成感和成就感。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：我的职业是建筑师。空前是不定冠词，所以空处应填名词作表语，根据句意，此处说的是职业，应用名词architect意为“建筑师”符合语境。故填architect。
【52题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：我只在开阔水域游过几次泳，而且总是在温和的湖泊里，所以在寒冷的日子里，温德米尔湖显得如此粗糙，这是我没有料到的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，用what引导。故填what。
【53题详解】
考查代词。句意：大家都承认，水可能比测量出来的要冷，而且水有点粗糙。此处是固定搭配：it was acknowledged that意为“人们普遍认为”，其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填It。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这项任务可能听起来雄心勃勃。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，ambition的形容词形式是ambitious。故填ambitious。
【55题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：这是我三天前选定的当天第三场一英里赛跑。本句是it was+强调部分+that的强调句，chose作主句的谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，描述的是过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had been chosen。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然有人警告说前100米会很艰难，但在接近750米的地方，我仍然在等待平静。此处是Though引导的状语从句，从句有省略，全句是“Though I was warned that the first 100 meters would be really rough”，当从句的主语，和主句主语相同，且从句谓语中有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词可省略。故填warned。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我试着把注意力集中在呼吸和技巧上，不断地努力游泳。此处是固定搭配：make an effort to do sth.意为“努力做某事”。故填to swim。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：我的能量消耗是如此之高。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，consume的名词形式是consumption。故填consumption。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：成功可以增强我的信心。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，confident的名词形式是confidence，不可数。故填confidence。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在这是一个我愿意参与的活动。此处是固定搭配：engage in意为“参与”。故填in。
第三节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请在方框中选择合适的词汇，填入答题卡的空格中（只填代码），使短文完整连贯。
注意：（1）每个选项至多只能使用一次；（2）方框中有一个多余词汇。
A. started B. especially C. has resulted in D. conservation E. curious F. occasions G. why H. because of I. small J. in some way K. to create
Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant ____61____ by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation (滥伐森林).
Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai, who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative (倡仪) ____62____ the planting of over 51 million trees to date.
In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He ____63____ by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he gets a goal. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, ____64____ his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take the ____65____ of nature seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. So, as a consequence, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility ____66____ the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from.
Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon (现象). “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation ____67____ a safer and greener future.” This is ____68____ he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.
As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved ____69____, no matter how _____70_____.
【答案】61. F 62. C
63. A 64. B
65. D 66. H
67. K 68. G
69. J 70. I
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的事情，这促使他保护环境。根据“always celebrated significant”可知，此处是指庆祝重要节日。名词occasion意为“特殊（或重大）场合，特殊（或重大）事件”，符合句意。作宾语。故选F。
【62题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树。根据“the planting of over 51 million trees”可知，此处是指这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树，动词result in意为“导致”。根据“to date.”可知，本句为现在完成时。故选C。
【63题详解】
考查动词。句意：一开始，他在足球比赛中每进一球就种一棵树。根据“by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match”可知，此处是指他从“足球比赛中每进一球就种一棵树”开始，动词start意为“开始”。根据“In 2018,”可知，本句为一般过去时。故选A。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：他想借此激励年轻人，尤其是他的运动员同行，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树。根据“his fellow athletes”和“he wants to inspire young people”可知，此处是指尤其是他的运动员同行，副词especially意为“尤其是”。故选B。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：他想借此激励年轻人，尤其是他的运动员同行，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树。根据“of nature seriously”可知，此处是指认真对待自然保护，名词conservation意为“保护”，作宾语。故选D。
【66题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：“看到他们因为我发起的项目而承担起责任，对我来说，这是最大的成就。”他说。根据“the project I started”可知，此处是指因为“我”发起的项目，介词短语because of意为“因为”。故选H。
【67题详解】
考查动词。句意：它有能力团结、教育和激励我们这一代人，创造一个更安全、更环保的未来。根据“a safer and greener future”可知，此处是指创造一个更安全、更环保的未来，动词create意为“创造”，inspire sb to do sth“激励某人做某事”，故填to create。故选K。
【68题详解】
考查连词。句意：这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作。根据“he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA”可知，此处是指“这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作”，连词why意为“为什么”。故选G。
【69题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：至于其他人可以做些什么来对抗森林砍伐或其他环境问题，这位少年说，重要的是以某种方式参与进来，不管多么小。根据“As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns”可知，此处是指重要的是以某种方式参与进来，介词短语in some way意为“以某种方式”。故选J。
【70题详解】
考查形容词。句意：至于其他人可以做些什么来对抗森林砍伐或其他环境问题，这位少年说，重要的是以某种方式参与进来，不管多么小。此处表示“不管多么小”，用形容词small作表语。故选I。
第四部分 写作（满分25分）
71. 读后续写
My son David was injured in his forehead so I had to take him to a hospital. I looked around the crowded waiting room in the hospital and sighed. I thought, “Will the doctor be able to see my eight-year-old son soon ” I tried steadying the ice pack (冰袋) over his forehead, but it was no use. I couldn’t stop shaking. The injury in his forehead was deep, but at least blood wasn’t pouring from it anymore.
His face was full of tears, but he seemed really brave for his age. I handed him the ice pack, and he covered his forehead with it. He was doing a much better job than I had. We were at the hospital because another child had thrown a rock at David during a break between classes as he was running around the corner. His teacher called me, and when I arrived, I found him sitting in front of her. His teacher was caring for his injury, trying to keep him calm. She felt terrible about what had happened, but I knew none of it was her fault.
David received four stitches (缝线) and didn’t cry once throughout the whole treatment. For the next two days, his forehead was swollen and black and blue. I felt like I’d had a mini nervous breakdown. Every time I tried to sleep or tend to housework, horrible thoughts crept into my mind. Fear had taken over, and then the fear turned to anger. I was angry with the child who’d thrown the rock. I just couldn’t shake it. What was she thinking She should have known about that better.
David’s headmaster and teacher called me that evening to see how David was feeling and told me Cherry, the girl, felt terrible. I wanted to stand up for my son, do the right thing and protect him.
The next day, David’s teacher stopped by to see how David was feeling and dropped off a get-well card that Cherry had made. David and I read it several times, and I couldn’t help but feel a little choked up. It was a sincere apology.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
This card mattered a lot to us.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We wondered how Cherry would make a response after reading the letter.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
This card mattered a lot to us. I wanted this to be a teachable moment for David. I asked David if he was ready to forgive Cherry. After all, his opinion counted the most. He thought about it for a moment, smiled and said, “Yes.” He knew Cherry hadn’t done it on purpose. Children are so friendly and so honest. They don’t hold onto anger like adults do sometimes. Their hearts are pure, so we wrote her a letter together, reading, “We know it was an unfortunate accident. We forgive you, and we hope you forgive yourself.” We asked David’s teacher to pass the letter to Cherry.
We wondered how Cherry would make a response after reading the letter. Later, David’s teacher told us Cherry was relieved after reading our letter. She was glad that David was feeling better and healing. David and Cherry both learned that forgiving someone was a part of healing and could release anger. The next time I showed up at David’s school, Cherry gave me a big hug. I hugged her back. We didn’t have to say anything else. We both knew forgiveness was the most important step to get healed.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述的是关于一位母亲和她的儿子大卫，大卫被另一个孩子扔的石头击中后去了医院。母亲对扔石头的孩子感到恐惧和愤怒。大卫的老师第二天过来看他，并带来切莉制作的卡片。大卫和他的母亲给扔石头的女孩写了一封信，原谅她，希望她能原谅自己。这篇文章强调了宽恕和从错误中学习的重要性。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这张卡对我们很重要。”可知，第一段可描写作者征求儿子大卫的意见是否原谅凯蒂。并写信对切莉表示原谅。
②由第二段首句内容“我们想知道Cherry在看完这封信后会作何反应。”可知，第二段可描写切莉在收到信件后的反应以及之后切莉见到作者的反应和作者明白的道理。
2.续写线索：询问是否原谅——决定原谅凯蒂——写信表达原谅——凯蒂收信后的反应——事后凯蒂见到作者和卢克给出拥抱——作者的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①思考：think about/think over/consider
②出现：show up/turn up
③拥抱：give sb a hug/embrace
情绪类
①微笑：smile/ wear a smile/beam
②开心：glad/ delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]I asked David if he was ready to forgive Cherry.(if引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]David and Cherry both learned that forgiving someone was a part of healing and could release anger.(that引导的宾语从句)
