2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案 中美关系话题（含答案）

高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜中美关系再受考验！拜登签署对华投资新禁令
上周三，美国总统拜登签署行政令，严格限制美国在半导体、量子计算和人工智能领域的对华投资，并要求美国企业必须就其他科技领域的在华投资情况，向美政府进行通报。这道新的投资禁令，反映出何种思维在华盛顿已深入人心？它可能对中美关系走向产生怎样的影响？
U.S. and China Poised to Drift Further Apart After Investment Ban
By Charles Hutzler
An executive order President Biden issued Wednesday—while narrowly targeted at critical leading-edge technologies with military, surveillance and cyber capabilities—more broadly aims to reorder the flow of American capital and expertise away from its biggest global rival.
In doing so, White House officials said, the order intends to deny China the know-how, market access and other benefits U.S. venture-capital and private-equity firms bring with their investments.
Wednesday's order lands in the middle of a fragile nursing of relations by Washington and Beijing after months of bruising tensions. In the short term, officials and security specialists said, the tentative diplomatic progress of recent months is likely to hold.
Longer term, however, the U.S. and China are locked in rivalry.
"That talk of diversification, de-risking, decoupling, disentangling—choose your 'D-word,' whichever one you like—it's really baked into the minds in Washington, increasingly in Silicon Valley, and this is really being beamed right at Wall Street," said Liza Tobin, a former National Security Council official.
Venture-capital firms, which once poured into China energetically, have already pulled back responding in part to sharpening tensions; U.S. investment in Chinese startups fell by more than 30% from 2021 to 2022 and is on pace to fall further this year, according to Crunchbase data.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.poise英 [p z] 美 [p z] v. ____________；n. __________________
2.drift英 [dr ft] 美 [dr ft] v. _____________________________
3.cyber英 [sa b ] 美 [sa b r] adj. _____________________________
4.deny英 [d na ] 美 [d na ] v. _____________________________
5.know-how英 [ n ha ] 美 [ no ha ] n. _____________________________
6.fragile英 [ fr d a l] 美 [ fr d l] adj. _____________________________
7.bruising英 [ bru z ] 美 [ bru z ] adj. _____________________________
8.tentative英 [ tent t v] 美 [ tent t v] adj. _____________________________
9.diversification英 [da v s f ke n] 美 [da v rs f ke n] n. ___________________
10.de-risk英 [d r sk] 美 [d r sk] v. _____________________________
11.decouple英 [di k pl] 美 [di k pl] v. _____________________________
12.disentangle英 [ d s n t ɡl] 美 [ d s. n t ɡl] v. _____________________________
13.beam英 [bi m] 美 [bi m] v. ____________；n. ___________
14.pace n. _____________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._____________________________做好准备做某事
2._____________________________（关系）渐渐疏远，冷淡下来
3._____________________________行政命令
4._____________________________严格限定在针对某些领域
5._____________________________前沿科技
6._____________________________赛博朋克
7._____________________________网络霸凌
8._____________________________市场准入
9._____________________________风险投资，创业投资
10._____________________________私募投资
11._____________________________ 一个易碎的花瓶
12._____________________________脆弱的关系维护
13._____________________________ 一场漫长而艰难的听证会
14_____________________________初步计划
15._____________________________陷入……而停滞不前
16_____________________________ 陷在讨论之中
17._____________________________把某物内置进产品或者服务中
18._____________________________大量投入
19_____________________________撤出，改变主意，退出
20._____________________________按一定的速度
21._____________________________慢得跟蜗牛一样
22._____________________________ 按你的步调节奏
拓展练习阅读理解
For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad ”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.
31.What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior
A.They are interested in acting. B.They are shy with the strangers.
C.They are fond of their playmates. D.They are tired of playing games.
32.What does the author suggest parents do for their kids
A.Design games for them. B.Find them suitable playmates.
C.Play together with them. D.Help them understand social rules.
33.What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4
A.Giving examples. B.Explaining concepts.
C.Providing evidence. D.Making comparisons.
34.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.How Children Adapt to Changes B.How to Be a Role Model for Children
C.How Your Baby Learns to Love D.How to Communicate with Your Kid
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.poise英 [p z] 美 [p z] v. 做好准备，保持姿势；n. 沉静、稳重
2.drift英 [dr ft] 美 [dr ft] v. 漂走，漂远
3.cyber英 [sa b ] 美 [sa b r] adj. 网络的
4.deny英 [d na ] 美 [d na ] v. 剥夺，拒绝，使某人无法拥有某物
5.know-how英 [ n ha ] 美 [ no ha ] n. 技术诀窍
6.fragile英 [ fr d a l] 美 [ fr d l] adj. 脆弱的，易碎的
7.bruising英 [ bru z ] 美 [ bru z ] adj. 艰难的，繁重的，令人不快的
8.tentative英 [ tent t v] 美 [ tent t v] adj. 初步的，试探性的
9.diversification英 [da v s f ke n] 美 [da v rs f ke n] n. 多元化
10.de-risk英 [d r sk] 美 [d r sk] v. 去风险
11.decouple英 [di k pl] 美 [di k pl] v. 脱钩
12.disentangle英 [ d s n t ɡl] 美 [ d s. n t ɡl] v. 解绑，使脱离
13.beam英 [bi m] 美 [bi m] v. 辐射，照射，传播；n. 阳光的光束
14.pace n. 步调，节奏
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.be poised to do 做好准备做某事
2.drift apart （关系）渐渐疏远，冷淡下来
3.executive order行政命令
4.narrowly target at严格限定在针对某些领域
5.leading-edge technology前沿科技
6.cyber-punk n. 赛博朋克
7.cyberbullying n. 网络霸凌
8.market access市场准入
9.venture-capital风险投资，创业投资
10.private-equity私募投资
11.a fragile vase 一个易碎的花瓶
12.a fragile nursing of relations 脆弱的关系维护
13.a long and bruising hearing 一场漫长而艰难的听证会
14.tentative plans 初步计划
15.be locked in陷入……而停滞不前
16.be locked in discussions 陷在讨论之中
17.bake into把某物内置进产品或者服务中
18.pour into大量投入
19.pull back撤出，改变主意，退出
20.on pace按一定的速度
21.at a snail's pace 慢得跟蜗牛一样
22.at your own pace 按你的步调节奏
【全文翻译】
投资禁令发布，中美或将渐行渐远
美国总统拜登于周三发布了一项行政命令，虽然看似仅针对具有军事，监控和网络功能的关键性前沿技术，实则影响范围更广，意在重置美国资本和专业技术的流向，使其远离美国最大的全球竞争对手。
白宫官员表示，此举目的在于，使中国无法获得技术诀窍、市场准入以及美国风险投资和私募股权公司投资带来的其他好处。
周三这项行政令的签署，时值中美双方艰难推进关系缓和之际。此前曾有数月时间，中美关系十分紧张。政府官员和安全专家说，短期之内，双方可能会维持最近几个月取得的初步外交进展。
然而，从更长远来看，中美陷入龙争虎斗之中。
“多元化，去风险，脱钩，分离———反正‘字母D打头的词’，你喜欢哪个就用哪个——这类言论已在华盛顿深入人心，在硅谷也愈加盛行，而且确实也在向华尔街传播。” 前美国国家安全委员会官员丽莎·托宾（Lisa Tobin）如是说。
美国风投公司曾大举涌入中国，但一定程度上受两国紧张关系加剧的影响，已纷纷撤出中国。根据Crunchbase的数据，2021至2022年间，美国对中国初创企业的投资下降了超过30%，而且今年很可能进一步下降。
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
31.C 32.D 33.A 34.C