2024届高三英语培优外刊阅读导学案：企业话题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024届高三英语培优外刊阅读导学案：企业话题（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-19 18:32:19 | ||
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高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜“随时在线”的工作文化，让员工和企业“两败俱伤”
近些年来，需要打工人“随时在线”的职场文化正变得越发普遍。最近一项国外的研究显示，即便下班后也不敢和工作完全“断联”，不然就会觉得愧疚，甚至担心因此失业，成了很多职场人的常态。令人意外的是，调查还显示，企业也因此承受了损失。这种文化如何造成了两败俱伤？想改善这种文化，员工和企业应该做些什么？
Our Bosses Tell Us to Unplug From Work. We Don't Believe They Mean It.
By Salvatore Affinito, Casher Belinda and Timothy Kundro
There's no question it pays to disconnect from work after a long day. Disconnecting increases job satisfaction, eases work-family conflicts and reduces the chance of burnout. Yet employees increasingly are reluctant to unplug from their jobs. When over 20,000 employees were asked in a recent Glassdoor survey if they could fully disconnect or unplug during paid time off, more than half—54%—said "no."
We believe that in today's "always on" work cultures, employees feel they have no choice—even if their manager's rhetoric and organizational policies seem to encourage unplugging. If a person's livelihood relies on meeting stringent performance standards, stepping away puts their livelihood at risk.
While shame has numerous negative consequences for employees, there also are clear costs for organizations. In our studies, we found that employees who felt ashamed about taking time for themselves were more likely to misrepresent or "inflate" their performance to others, making it seem as if they were busier and more productive than they actually were.
By supporting employees' detachment from work after hours, organizations can promote engaged and committed employees. When employees are able to unplug without feeling ashamed, both workers and organizations win.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.plug n. _____________________________；v. _____________________________
2.unplug v. _____________________________
3.satisfaction英 [ s t s f k n] 美 [ s tt s f k n] n. _____________________________
4.burnout英 [ b na t] 美 [ b rna t] n. _____________________________
5.increasingly英 [ n kri s li] 美 [ n kri s li] adv. _____________________________
6.rhetoric英 [ ret r k] 美 [ret r k] n. _____________________________
7.livelihood英 [ la vlih d] 美 [ la vlih d] n. _____________________________
8.stringent英 [ str nd nt] 美 [ str nd nt] adj. _____________________________
9.misrepresent英 [ m srepr zent] 美 [ m srepr zent] v. _____________________________
10.inflate英 [ n fle t] 美 [ n fle t] v. _____________________________
11.inflation n. _____________________________
12.detachment英 [d t t m nt] 美 [d t t m nt] n. _____________________________
13.detach v. _____________________________
14.engaged英 [ n ɡe d d] 美 [ n ɡe d d] adj. _____________________________
mitted英 [k m t d] 美 [k m t d] adj. _____________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找
到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._____________________________断掉，断开
2._____________________________认真，故意
3._____________________________做......有益处，做......是划算的
4._____________________________断掉，断开
5._____________________________不情愿做......
6._____________________________带薪假期（PTO）
7._____________________________随时在线
8._____________________________即使，即便
9._____________________________空洞的花言巧语
10._____________________________政治口号的虚华辞藻
11._____________________________更容易、更倾向于去......
拓展练习阅读理解
Have you ever taken a personality test and found the results to be scarily accurate, checked your horoscope and had everything come true or taken an online quiz that told you precisely what your favorite Disney princess means about you Well, we certainly have done so too many times, so we decided to do a little investigation into how Internet -quizzes, magazines and horoscope books seem to know us so well.
We discovered that we’ve all been falling victim to the Barnum effect. The Barnum Effect is the phenomenon that occurs when individuals believe that personality descriptions apply specifically to them, despite the fact that the description is actually filled with information that applies to everyone. It was named after P. T. Barnum, a famous 19th century showman, who would famously say, “There’s a fool born every minute.”
Indeed, Barnum proved to be right, as pseudoscience —such as astrology and personality tests — remains popular to this day. The Bamum effect explains why extremely general statements, such as the results of your personality test, seem so specific to you. Don’t believe us Well, late psychology professor Bertram Forer offered some proof.
In a historic study, Forer conducted a personality test to his students. Forer copied statements such as “You have a great need for other people to like and admire you.” and “You have a tendency to be critical of yourself.” from the newspaper’s horoscope column and gave a test to every student. Forer asked his students to rate the accuracy of the test from one to five, with “one” being the least accurate and “five” being the most accurate. The average rating was 4.26. The universally high ratings from students on the personality test supported the Barnum effect.
One of the most important factors when reproducing this study is to keep the statements as vague as possible, with a mix of mostly positive and some negative content. For example, using the phrase “at times” makes for a powerful Barnum Effect. See “At times you are outgoing and sociable, while at other times you are shy and reserved” who would not agree with that statement
So, keep in mind that we are not immune to the Barnum effect. Take everything you hear with several grains of salt.
35.What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A.To present a controversial opinion. B.To provide an example of an idea.
C.To offer a solution to a problem. D.To define the meaning of a term.
36.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Potential application of the Barnum effect. B.Further explanation of the Barnum effect.
C.Supporting evidence for the Barnum effect. D.A reasonable doubt of the research process.
37.Why do so many people believe the statements in horoscope and personality tests
A.They are so specific. B.They are unclear.
C.They are positive. D.They are believable.
38.How is the passage organized
A.Phenomenon—analysis. B.Cause—effect.
C.Problem—solution. D.Claim—counterclaim.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.plug n. 电源插头；v. 插上插头
2.unplug v. 拔掉电源，拔掉插头
3.satisfaction英 [ s t s f k n] 美 [ s tt s f k n] n. 满足感，满意度
4.burnout英 [ b na t] 美 [ b rna t] n. 精疲力竭，过度劳累
5.increasingly英 [ n kri s li] 美 [ n kri s li] adv. 越来越
6.rhetoric英 [ ret r k] 美 [ret r k] n. 华而不实的言语
7.livelihood英 [ la vlih d] 美 [ la vlih d] n. 营生，生计，生活来源
8.stringent英 [ str nd nt] 美 [ str nd nt] adj. （法律、规则、规章等）严厉的，严格的
9.misrepresent英 [ m srepr zent] 美 [ m srepr zent] v. 歪曲事实
10.inflate英 [ n fle t] 美 [ n fle t] v. 夸大，吹嘘；膨胀
11.inflation n. 通货膨胀
12.detachment英 [d t t m nt] 美 [d t t m nt] n. 分离，脱离
13.detach v. 分离，脱离
14.engaged英 [ n ɡe d d] 美 [ n ɡe d d] adj. 忙于某事的
mitted英 [k m t d] 美 [k m t d] adj. 忠诚的，尽职尽责的
【词块学习】
请从文章中找
到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.unplug from断掉，断开
2.mean it认真，故意
3.it pays to ...做......有益处，做......是划算的
4.disconnect from断掉，断开
5.be reluctant to ...不情愿做......
6.paid time off带薪假期（PTO）
7.always on随时在线
8.even if即使，即便
9.empty rhetoric 空洞的花言巧语
10.the rhetoric of political slogans 政治口号的虚华辞藻
11.be more likely to ...更容易、更倾向于去......
【全文翻译】
老板让我们“下班后放下工作”。我们不相信他们是真心的。
毫无疑问，在忙碌一天之后，与工作断开联系是有诸多好处的。这样的“断联”可以提高工作满意度，缓解工作与家庭之间的矛盾，并降低职业倦怠的发生几率。然而，员工们不愿与工作“断联”的情况正在愈演愈烈。最近，超过20000名公司员工接受了Glassdoor网站的一项调查，当被问及是否可以在带薪休假期间完全放下工作时，超过半数人（54%）的回答是：“不能”。
我们认为，在如今“永远在线”的工作文化中，员工会觉得他们别无选择——即便他们的经理嘴上说着鼓励“断联”，公司政策也似乎同样鼓励。但如果一个人的“饭碗”依赖于达到严格的绩效标准，那么“暂时离开”就可能让他们的“饭碗”不保。
羞愧感会给员工带来许多负面影响，同时企业也会为此付出明显的代价。在研究中我们发现，那些对腾出时间休息感到羞愧的员工，更有可能向他人谎报或“夸大”自己的工作表现，让人觉得他们比实际情况更忙、更有生产力。
如果企业支持员工在下班后与工作保持距离，就可以使员工对工作更投入，更尽职。当员工能够从工作中抽离出来，且心无愧疚之时，员工和企业都会受益。
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
35.D 36.C 37.B 38.A
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜“随时在线”的工作文化，让员工和企业“两败俱伤”
近些年来，需要打工人“随时在线”的职场文化正变得越发普遍。最近一项国外的研究显示，即便下班后也不敢和工作完全“断联”，不然就会觉得愧疚，甚至担心因此失业，成了很多职场人的常态。令人意外的是，调查还显示，企业也因此承受了损失。这种文化如何造成了两败俱伤？想改善这种文化，员工和企业应该做些什么？
Our Bosses Tell Us to Unplug From Work. We Don't Believe They Mean It.
By Salvatore Affinito, Casher Belinda and Timothy Kundro
There's no question it pays to disconnect from work after a long day. Disconnecting increases job satisfaction, eases work-family conflicts and reduces the chance of burnout. Yet employees increasingly are reluctant to unplug from their jobs. When over 20,000 employees were asked in a recent Glassdoor survey if they could fully disconnect or unplug during paid time off, more than half—54%—said "no."
We believe that in today's "always on" work cultures, employees feel they have no choice—even if their manager's rhetoric and organizational policies seem to encourage unplugging. If a person's livelihood relies on meeting stringent performance standards, stepping away puts their livelihood at risk.
While shame has numerous negative consequences for employees, there also are clear costs for organizations. In our studies, we found that employees who felt ashamed about taking time for themselves were more likely to misrepresent or "inflate" their performance to others, making it seem as if they were busier and more productive than they actually were.
By supporting employees' detachment from work after hours, organizations can promote engaged and committed employees. When employees are able to unplug without feeling ashamed, both workers and organizations win.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.plug n. _____________________________；v. _____________________________
2.unplug v. _____________________________
3.satisfaction英 [ s t s f k n] 美 [ s tt s f k n] n. _____________________________
4.burnout英 [ b na t] 美 [ b rna t] n. _____________________________
5.increasingly英 [ n kri s li] 美 [ n kri s li] adv. _____________________________
6.rhetoric英 [ ret r k] 美 [ret r k] n. _____________________________
7.livelihood英 [ la vlih d] 美 [ la vlih d] n. _____________________________
8.stringent英 [ str nd nt] 美 [ str nd nt] adj. _____________________________
9.misrepresent英 [ m srepr zent] 美 [ m srepr zent] v. _____________________________
10.inflate英 [ n fle t] 美 [ n fle t] v. _____________________________
11.inflation n. _____________________________
12.detachment英 [d t t m nt] 美 [d t t m nt] n. _____________________________
13.detach v. _____________________________
14.engaged英 [ n ɡe d d] 美 [ n ɡe d d] adj. _____________________________
mitted英 [k m t d] 美 [k m t d] adj. _____________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找
到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._____________________________断掉，断开
2._____________________________认真，故意
3._____________________________做......有益处，做......是划算的
4._____________________________断掉，断开
5._____________________________不情愿做......
6._____________________________带薪假期（PTO）
7._____________________________随时在线
8._____________________________即使，即便
9._____________________________空洞的花言巧语
10._____________________________政治口号的虚华辞藻
11._____________________________更容易、更倾向于去......
拓展练习阅读理解
Have you ever taken a personality test and found the results to be scarily accurate, checked your horoscope and had everything come true or taken an online quiz that told you precisely what your favorite Disney princess means about you Well, we certainly have done so too many times, so we decided to do a little investigation into how Internet -quizzes, magazines and horoscope books seem to know us so well.
We discovered that we’ve all been falling victim to the Barnum effect. The Barnum Effect is the phenomenon that occurs when individuals believe that personality descriptions apply specifically to them, despite the fact that the description is actually filled with information that applies to everyone. It was named after P. T. Barnum, a famous 19th century showman, who would famously say, “There’s a fool born every minute.”
Indeed, Barnum proved to be right, as pseudoscience —such as astrology and personality tests — remains popular to this day. The Bamum effect explains why extremely general statements, such as the results of your personality test, seem so specific to you. Don’t believe us Well, late psychology professor Bertram Forer offered some proof.
In a historic study, Forer conducted a personality test to his students. Forer copied statements such as “You have a great need for other people to like and admire you.” and “You have a tendency to be critical of yourself.” from the newspaper’s horoscope column and gave a test to every student. Forer asked his students to rate the accuracy of the test from one to five, with “one” being the least accurate and “five” being the most accurate. The average rating was 4.26. The universally high ratings from students on the personality test supported the Barnum effect.
One of the most important factors when reproducing this study is to keep the statements as vague as possible, with a mix of mostly positive and some negative content. For example, using the phrase “at times” makes for a powerful Barnum Effect. See “At times you are outgoing and sociable, while at other times you are shy and reserved” who would not agree with that statement
So, keep in mind that we are not immune to the Barnum effect. Take everything you hear with several grains of salt.
35.What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A.To present a controversial opinion. B.To provide an example of an idea.
C.To offer a solution to a problem. D.To define the meaning of a term.
36.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Potential application of the Barnum effect. B.Further explanation of the Barnum effect.
C.Supporting evidence for the Barnum effect. D.A reasonable doubt of the research process.
37.Why do so many people believe the statements in horoscope and personality tests
A.They are so specific. B.They are unclear.
C.They are positive. D.They are believable.
38.How is the passage organized
A.Phenomenon—analysis. B.Cause—effect.
C.Problem—solution. D.Claim—counterclaim.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.plug n. 电源插头；v. 插上插头
2.unplug v. 拔掉电源，拔掉插头
3.satisfaction英 [ s t s f k n] 美 [ s tt s f k n] n. 满足感，满意度
4.burnout英 [ b na t] 美 [ b rna t] n. 精疲力竭，过度劳累
5.increasingly英 [ n kri s li] 美 [ n kri s li] adv. 越来越
6.rhetoric英 [ ret r k] 美 [ret r k] n. 华而不实的言语
7.livelihood英 [ la vlih d] 美 [ la vlih d] n. 营生，生计，生活来源
8.stringent英 [ str nd nt] 美 [ str nd nt] adj. （法律、规则、规章等）严厉的，严格的
9.misrepresent英 [ m srepr zent] 美 [ m srepr zent] v. 歪曲事实
10.inflate英 [ n fle t] 美 [ n fle t] v. 夸大，吹嘘；膨胀
11.inflation n. 通货膨胀
12.detachment英 [d t t m nt] 美 [d t t m nt] n. 分离，脱离
13.detach v. 分离，脱离
14.engaged英 [ n ɡe d d] 美 [ n ɡe d d] adj. 忙于某事的
mitted英 [k m t d] 美 [k m t d] adj. 忠诚的，尽职尽责的
【词块学习】
请从文章中找
到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.unplug from断掉，断开
2.mean it认真，故意
3.it pays to ...做......有益处，做......是划算的
4.disconnect from断掉，断开
5.be reluctant to ...不情愿做......
6.paid time off带薪假期（PTO）
7.always on随时在线
8.even if即使，即便
9.empty rhetoric 空洞的花言巧语
10.the rhetoric of political slogans 政治口号的虚华辞藻
11.be more likely to ...更容易、更倾向于去......
【全文翻译】
老板让我们“下班后放下工作”。我们不相信他们是真心的。
毫无疑问，在忙碌一天之后，与工作断开联系是有诸多好处的。这样的“断联”可以提高工作满意度，缓解工作与家庭之间的矛盾，并降低职业倦怠的发生几率。然而，员工们不愿与工作“断联”的情况正在愈演愈烈。最近，超过20000名公司员工接受了Glassdoor网站的一项调查，当被问及是否可以在带薪休假期间完全放下工作时，超过半数人（54%）的回答是：“不能”。
我们认为，在如今“永远在线”的工作文化中，员工会觉得他们别无选择——即便他们的经理嘴上说着鼓励“断联”，公司政策也似乎同样鼓励。但如果一个人的“饭碗”依赖于达到严格的绩效标准，那么“暂时离开”就可能让他们的“饭碗”不保。
羞愧感会给员工带来许多负面影响，同时企业也会为此付出明显的代价。在研究中我们发现，那些对腾出时间休息感到羞愧的员工，更有可能向他人谎报或“夸大”自己的工作表现，让人觉得他们比实际情况更忙、更有生产力。
如果企业支持员工在下班后与工作保持距离，就可以使员工对工作更投入，更尽职。当员工能够从工作中抽离出来，且心无愧疚之时，员工和企业都会受益。
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
35.D 36.C 37.B 38.A