2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案 芯片行业话题（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高三下学期英语培优外刊阅读学案 芯片行业话题（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 18.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-19 18:37:25 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜这家芯片业隐形巨头，拿下全球年内最大IPO
很多人没有听说过Arm这家公司，但都在用它的产品。9月14日，这家芯片公司在美国纳斯达克证券交易所成功上市，一夜市值突破650亿美元，融资近50亿美元。这是今年以来美股以及全球最大规模IPO，同时也是继阿里巴巴、Facebook之后，科技公司史上第三大IPO。Arm是一家什么样的公司？为什么媒体会用“春天到来”形容它的IPO？
Arm Soars 25% in the Year's Biggest Initial Public Offering
By Erin Griffith and Don Clark
Call it Wall Street's Groundhog Day. When shares of Arm, the British chip designer, began trading on the Nasdaq stock exchange on Thursday in the year's biggest initial public offering, investors, tech executives, bankers and start-up founders were watching closely for how it performed.
They quickly got their answer: It was an early spring. Arm's shares opened trading at $56.10, up 10 percent from its initial offering price of $51. Shares quickly soared further, rising 25 percent by the end of trading to close at $63.59 and giving the company a valuation of $67.9 billion.
That stands out in a year that has been the worst for I.P.O.s since 2009. Arm is a particularly interesting test of the public market because it provides an essential technology that is geopolitically and strategically coveted, which also means it faces challenges.
Founded in 1990 in Cambridge, England, the company sells blueprints of a part of a chip known as a processor core. Its customers include many of the world's largest tech companies, like Apple, Google, Samsung and Nvidia.
Arm's chip designs are primarily used in smartphones, but the company has pitched itself as able to ride the wave of artificial intelligence sweeping Silicon Valley. Many A.I. companies need the most advanced computer chips to do the sophisticated calculations required to develop the tech.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.soar英 [s r] 美 [s r] v. _____________________________
2.valuation英 [ v lju e n] 美 [ v lju e n] n._____________________________
3.covet英 [ k v t] 美 [ k v t] v. _____________________________
4.blueprint英 [ blu pr nt] 美 [ blu pr nt] n. _____________________________
5.sophisticated英 [s f st ke t d] 美 [s f st ke t d] adj. _____________________________
6.groundhog n. _____________________________
7.outstanding adj._____________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1_____________________________首次公开募股
2._____________________________ 公司市值
3._____________________________土拨鼠日
4._____________________________纳斯达克（全球最大的证券交易市场）
5._____________________________密切关注
6._____________________________亮眼，显眼
7._____________________________一次有趣的尝试、测试（通常带有挑战性）
8._____________________________把……描述或展示为……
9._____________________________.踏上……大潮，利用……的潮流
拓展练习阅读理解
Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole. Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea. And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales, such as sperm whales, have one hole, baleen (鲸须) whales, such as humpback and Rice whales, have two.
Even among the baleen whales, the placing of those nostrils differs. In some species they are close together. In others, they are much further apart. In a paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan, a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science, suggests why that might be. Having two nostrils, he argues, helps whales smell in stereo (立体空间).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物), which they catch by filtering (过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. But to eat something you first have to find it. Toothed whales do not hunt by scent. In fact, the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures. But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs, which suggests smell remains important. And scent can indeed give zooplankton away. Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide, which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses. Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming. Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The farther apart the sensory organs are, the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them. The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species. Sure enough, baleen whales that often eat zooplankton, such as the North Atlantic right whale, have nostrils that are farther apart than do those, such as humpback whales, that eat zooplankton occasionally. Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
19.What do we know about whales’ nostrils according to the first two paragraphs
A.They are adapted ones. B.They are developed merely for smell.
C.They are not easy to detect. D.They are fixed universally in numbers.
20.What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
A.The teeth that baleen whales have.
B.The smell that phytoplankton send.
C.The sound waves that zooplankton create.
D.The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
21.How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
A.By quoting a theory. B.By using examples.
C.By making contrast. D.By making inferences.
22.What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
A.The sense of smell. B.The possibility to attract food.
C.The ability to locate food. D.The ability to communicate.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.soar英 [s r] 美 [s r] v. 飞涨；快速积累
2.valuation英 [ v lju e n] 美 [ v lju e n] n. 估值（公司的整体价值）
3.covet英 [ k v t] 美 [ k v t] v. 强烈地想要……（desire）
4.blueprint英 [ blu pr nt] 美 [ blu pr nt] n. 蓝图
5.sophisticated英 [s f st ke t d] 美 [s f st ke t d] adj. 复杂的
6.groundhog n. 土拨鼠
7.outstanding adj. 非常出色的
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.Initial Public Offering首次公开募股
2.market capitalisation 公司市值
3.Groundhog Day土拨鼠日
4.Nasdaq纳斯达克（全球最大的证券交易市场）
5.watch closely for密切关注
6.stand out亮眼，显眼（be really noticeable because it's much better than others）
7.a particularly interesting test一次有趣的尝试、测试（通常带有挑战性）
8.pitch oneself as把……描述或展示为……
9.ride the wave of ...踏上……大潮，利用……的潮流
【全文翻译】
Arm股价大涨25%，成为年度最大规模IPO
可以说，这一天就是华尔街的“土拨鼠日”。周四（9月14日），英国芯片设计公司安谋（Arm）在美国纳斯达克证券交易所上市，是今年规模最大的IPO，投资者、科技公司高管、银行家以及创业公司老板都在密切关注其表现。
他们很快就得到答案：早春来了（编者注：此处指IPO市场复苏）。安谋的股票开盘价为56.10美元，较51美元的发行价上涨10%。股价进一步迅速攀升，到交易结束时上涨了25%，收盘价为63.59美元，公司估值达到679亿美元。
2023年是自2009年以来IPO市场最惨淡的一年，安谋的上市表现尤为亮眼。该公司是公开市场上一个很有意思的测试，因为它提供了一项在地缘政治和战略层面都令人垂涎的关键技术，这也意味着它要面临各种挑战。
该公司于1990年在英国剑桥成立，主要售卖的是被称为处理器核心的芯片部分设计图。其客户包括苹果、谷歌、三星和英伟达等在内的多家全球大型科技公司。
安谋设计的芯片主要用在智能手机上。但该公司宣称能够搭上席卷硅谷的人工智能浪潮顺风车。许多人工智能公司需要最先进的计算机芯片，来完成技术开发所需的复杂运算。
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
19.A 20.B 21.B 22.C
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜这家芯片业隐形巨头，拿下全球年内最大IPO
很多人没有听说过Arm这家公司，但都在用它的产品。9月14日，这家芯片公司在美国纳斯达克证券交易所成功上市，一夜市值突破650亿美元，融资近50亿美元。这是今年以来美股以及全球最大规模IPO，同时也是继阿里巴巴、Facebook之后，科技公司史上第三大IPO。Arm是一家什么样的公司？为什么媒体会用“春天到来”形容它的IPO？
Arm Soars 25% in the Year's Biggest Initial Public Offering
By Erin Griffith and Don Clark
Call it Wall Street's Groundhog Day. When shares of Arm, the British chip designer, began trading on the Nasdaq stock exchange on Thursday in the year's biggest initial public offering, investors, tech executives, bankers and start-up founders were watching closely for how it performed.
They quickly got their answer: It was an early spring. Arm's shares opened trading at $56.10, up 10 percent from its initial offering price of $51. Shares quickly soared further, rising 25 percent by the end of trading to close at $63.59 and giving the company a valuation of $67.9 billion.
That stands out in a year that has been the worst for I.P.O.s since 2009. Arm is a particularly interesting test of the public market because it provides an essential technology that is geopolitically and strategically coveted, which also means it faces challenges.
Founded in 1990 in Cambridge, England, the company sells blueprints of a part of a chip known as a processor core. Its customers include many of the world's largest tech companies, like Apple, Google, Samsung and Nvidia.
Arm's chip designs are primarily used in smartphones, but the company has pitched itself as able to ride the wave of artificial intelligence sweeping Silicon Valley. Many A.I. companies need the most advanced computer chips to do the sophisticated calculations required to develop the tech.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.soar英 [s r] 美 [s r] v. _____________________________
2.valuation英 [ v lju e n] 美 [ v lju e n] n._____________________________
3.covet英 [ k v t] 美 [ k v t] v. _____________________________
4.blueprint英 [ blu pr nt] 美 [ blu pr nt] n. _____________________________
5.sophisticated英 [s f st ke t d] 美 [s f st ke t d] adj. _____________________________
6.groundhog n. _____________________________
7.outstanding adj._____________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1_____________________________首次公开募股
2._____________________________ 公司市值
3._____________________________土拨鼠日
4._____________________________纳斯达克（全球最大的证券交易市场）
5._____________________________密切关注
6._____________________________亮眼，显眼
7._____________________________一次有趣的尝试、测试（通常带有挑战性）
8._____________________________把……描述或展示为……
9._____________________________.踏上……大潮，利用……的潮流
拓展练习阅读理解
Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole. Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea. And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales, such as sperm whales, have one hole, baleen (鲸须) whales, such as humpback and Rice whales, have two.
Even among the baleen whales, the placing of those nostrils differs. In some species they are close together. In others, they are much further apart. In a paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan, a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science, suggests why that might be. Having two nostrils, he argues, helps whales smell in stereo (立体空间).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物), which they catch by filtering (过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. But to eat something you first have to find it. Toothed whales do not hunt by scent. In fact, the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures. But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs, which suggests smell remains important. And scent can indeed give zooplankton away. Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide, which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses. Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming. Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The farther apart the sensory organs are, the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them. The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species. Sure enough, baleen whales that often eat zooplankton, such as the North Atlantic right whale, have nostrils that are farther apart than do those, such as humpback whales, that eat zooplankton occasionally. Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
19.What do we know about whales’ nostrils according to the first two paragraphs
A.They are adapted ones. B.They are developed merely for smell.
C.They are not easy to detect. D.They are fixed universally in numbers.
20.What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
A.The teeth that baleen whales have.
B.The smell that phytoplankton send.
C.The sound waves that zooplankton create.
D.The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
21.How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
A.By quoting a theory. B.By using examples.
C.By making contrast. D.By making inferences.
22.What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
A.The sense of smell. B.The possibility to attract food.
C.The ability to locate food. D.The ability to communicate.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.soar英 [s r] 美 [s r] v. 飞涨；快速积累
2.valuation英 [ v lju e n] 美 [ v lju e n] n. 估值（公司的整体价值）
3.covet英 [ k v t] 美 [ k v t] v. 强烈地想要……（desire）
4.blueprint英 [ blu pr nt] 美 [ blu pr nt] n. 蓝图
5.sophisticated英 [s f st ke t d] 美 [s f st ke t d] adj. 复杂的
6.groundhog n. 土拨鼠
7.outstanding adj. 非常出色的
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.Initial Public Offering首次公开募股
2.market capitalisation 公司市值
3.Groundhog Day土拨鼠日
4.Nasdaq纳斯达克（全球最大的证券交易市场）
5.watch closely for密切关注
6.stand out亮眼，显眼（be really noticeable because it's much better than others）
7.a particularly interesting test一次有趣的尝试、测试（通常带有挑战性）
8.pitch oneself as把……描述或展示为……
9.ride the wave of ...踏上……大潮，利用……的潮流
【全文翻译】
Arm股价大涨25%，成为年度最大规模IPO
可以说，这一天就是华尔街的“土拨鼠日”。周四（9月14日），英国芯片设计公司安谋（Arm）在美国纳斯达克证券交易所上市，是今年规模最大的IPO，投资者、科技公司高管、银行家以及创业公司老板都在密切关注其表现。
他们很快就得到答案：早春来了（编者注：此处指IPO市场复苏）。安谋的股票开盘价为56.10美元，较51美元的发行价上涨10%。股价进一步迅速攀升，到交易结束时上涨了25%，收盘价为63.59美元，公司估值达到679亿美元。
2023年是自2009年以来IPO市场最惨淡的一年，安谋的上市表现尤为亮眼。该公司是公开市场上一个很有意思的测试，因为它提供了一项在地缘政治和战略层面都令人垂涎的关键技术，这也意味着它要面临各种挑战。
该公司于1990年在英国剑桥成立，主要售卖的是被称为处理器核心的芯片部分设计图。其客户包括苹果、谷歌、三星和英伟达等在内的多家全球大型科技公司。
安谋设计的芯片主要用在智能手机上。但该公司宣称能够搭上席卷硅谷的人工智能浪潮顺风车。许多人工智能公司需要最先进的计算机芯片，来完成技术开发所需的复杂运算。
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
19.A 20.B 21.B 22.C