2024届高三英语培优外刊阅读导学案：互联网话题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024届高三英语培优外刊阅读导学案：互联网话题（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-19 18:38:45 | ||
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高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜互联网“站队文化”盛行，不发言就是罪？
近几年恐怕很多人都能感受到，网络氛围越来越易怒，人们动不动就“互撕”，我们似乎在逐渐丧失理性交流的能力。每当有热点事件发生，社交媒体就会变身投票大会。人们需要即刻发表自己的看法，迅速加入“支持”或“反对”的阵营，两方阵营会激烈争吵，同时不断发声来为自己的阵营抬高人气。这样“有毒”的社交网络文化到底有什么问题？我们又该如何应对？
I Don't Have to Post About My Outrage. Neither Do You.
By Elizabeth Spiers
I am neither Jewish nor Palestinian, and none of my six regular gigs have anything to do with foreign policy, but the other day I opened Twitter (now called X) after some time offline to find people I don't know demanding that I make a public statement about what's happening in the Middle East. It seemed that most of the people on social media had made a statement, including various corporate brands, celebrities and miscellaneous lifestyle influencers.
As I scrolled through my timeline, I saw lots of random citizens being told that if they didn't speak out, they, too, would have blood on their hands.
There's a facile version of taking a stand on social media that generates righteous back patting but reduces complex issues to a simple yes or no.
Knee-jerk social media posts are not what bother me most, though. Instead, it's the idea that not posting is wrong somehow — that everyone needs to speak, all the time. It discourages shutting up and listening and letting the voices that matter the most be heard over the din. It implies it's not OK to have any uncertainty about what's going on or any kind of moral analysis that does not lend itself to presentation in a social media post. It does not leave time or space for people to process traumatic events in the sanctuary of their own minds or to gather more information before pronouncing a judgment. It pressures people who don't have an opinion yet or are working out what they think to manufacture one and present it to a jury of total strangers on the internet who will render an instant verdict on its propriety.
"Nothing pays off like restraint of tongue and pen," writes A.A.'s co-founder Bill Wilson. "We must avoid quick-tempered criticism and furious, power-driven arguments," which he calls "emotional booby traps baited with pride and vengefulness." While I've regretted posting half-formed thoughts too quickly, I've never regretted waiting until I was less angry or not posting at all.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.post英 [p st] 美 [po st]（本文）v. _____________________________
2.outrage英 [ a tre d ] 美 [ a tre d ] n. _____________________________
3.gig英 [ɡ ɡ] 美 [ɡ ɡ] n. _____________________________
4.miscellaneous英 [ m sl e ni s] 美 [ m sl e ni s] adj. _____________________________
5.influencer英 [ nflu ns ] 美 [ nflu ns r] n. _____________________________
6.influence n. _____________________________
7.scroll英 [skr l] 美 [skro l] v. _____________________________
8.facile英 [ f sa l] 美 [ f sl] adj._____________________________
9.righteous英 [ ra t s] 美 [ ra t s] adj. _____________________________
10.reduce英 [r d u s] 美 [r du s] v. _____________________________
11.knee-jerk英 [ ni d k] 美 [ ni d rk] adj._____________________________
12.discourage英 [d sk r d ] 美 [d sk r d ] v._____________________________
13.din英 [d n] 美 [d n] n. _____________________________
14.process英 [ pr ses] 美 [ prɑ ses] v._____________________________
15.sanctuary英 [ s kt ri] 美 [ s kt ueri] n. _____________________________
16.quick-tempered英 [ kw k temp d] 美 [ kw k temp rd] adj. ________________
17.power-driven英 [ pa dr vn] 美 [ pa r dr vn] adj. _____________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._____________________________（在网上）发布、发表......
2._____________________________ 发文
3._____________________________ 发自拍
4._____________________________发短视频
5._____________________________零工经济
6._____________________________之后，得到一个出乎意料的结果
7._____________________________发表声明，表态
8._____________________________就......申明态度和立场
9._____________________________网红
10._____________________________说出……
11._____________________________选择立场
12._____________________________赞许
13._____________________________膝跳反应
14._____________________________有利、适用于某种目的
15._____________________________创伤性事件（会让你产生长期心理后遗症的事件）
16._____________________________对其正当性的裁决
17._____________________________匿名戒酒会，美国嗜酒者互戒协会
拓展练习阅读理解
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.
These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
27.What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument
A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Tolerant. D.Uncertain.
28.Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A.They lack debating skills. B.They may feel bad even if they win.
C.They fear being ignored. D.They are not confident in themselves.
29.What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Defend. B.Explain. C.Conclude. D.Repeat.
30.What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author
A.Sense of logic. B.Solid supporting evidence.
C.Proper manners. D.Understanding from both sides.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.post英 [p st] 美 [po st]（本文）v. （在网上）发布、发表……；n. 网上的帖子、微博、朋友圈、短视频
2.outrage英 [ a tre d ] 美 [ a tre d ] n. 愤怒
3.gig英 [ɡ ɡ] 美 [ɡ ɡ] n. （除固定工作外兼职的）短期项目
4.miscellaneous英 [ m sl e ni s] 美 [ m sl e ni s] adj. 各式各样的，各不相同的
5.influencer英 [ nflu ns ] 美 [ nflu ns r] n. 有影响力的人，网红
6.influence n. 影响力
7.scroll英 [skr l] 美 [skro l] v. 滚动；（本文）刷（手机）
8.facile英 [ f sa l] 美 [ f sl] adj. 轻率的，浅薄的
9.righteous英 [ ra t s] 美 [ ra t s] adj. 正义的，出于正义感的
10.reduce英 [r d u s] 美 [r du s] v. 减少；（本文）降格，矮化
11.knee-jerk英 [ ni d k] 美 [ ni d rk] adj. 条件反射似的，本能的，不经思考的
12.discourage英 [d sk r d ] 美 [d sk r d ] v. 阻碍
13.din英 [d n] 美 [d n] n. 噪音，喧嚣
14.process英 [ pr ses] 美 [ prɑ ses] v. 处理
15.sanctuary英 [ s kt ri] 美 [ s kt ueri] n. 避难所
16.quick-tempered英 [ kw k temp d] 美 [ kw k temp rd] adj. 脾气火爆的
17.power-driven英 [ pa dr vn] 美 [ pa r dr vn] adj. 权力驱使的
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.post about （在网上）发布、发表......
2.post an article 发文
3.post a selfie 发自拍
4.post a short video 发短视频
5.gig economy零工经济
6.… to find something……之后，得到一个出乎意料的结果
7.make a statement发表声明，表态
8.make a statement about something 就......申明态度和立场
9.social media influencer 网红
10.speak out说出……
11.take a stand选择立场
12.back patting赞许
13.knee jerk 膝跳反应
14.lend itself to有利、适用于某种目的
15.traumatic event创伤性事件（会让你产生长期心理后遗症的事件）
16.verdict on its propriety对其正当性的裁决
17.Alcoholics Anonymous匿名戒酒会，美国嗜酒者互戒协会
【全文翻译】
我无需在网上发表我的愤慨。你也是。
我不是犹太人，也不是巴勒斯坦人，我的六份固定差事，没有一份与外交政策有关。前一段时间我没上网，有一天我打开了Twitter（现在叫“X”了），发现有我不认识的人要求我就中东的事情发表公开声明。似乎社交媒体上的大多数人都已经发表了公开声明，包括各大企业品牌、各路名人和各类生活区网红。
当我浏览我的时间轴时，我看到许多普通公民被告知，如果不大声疾呼，他们的手上也会沾满鲜血。
在社交媒体上有一种轻率的站队方式，它会引来他人正义的赞许，但也会把复杂的问题简化为简单的“是”或“否”。
不过，社交媒体上这些不经思考的帖子还不是最让我困扰的事情。最让我困扰的是那种认为不发帖就大错特错的想法——每个人都需要发言，随时随刻。它不鼓励你闭嘴倾听，让最重要的声音在喧嚣中被听到。它暗示着，如果对正在发生的事情有任何不确定性，或者对此事持有不适合在社交媒体上展示的道德分析，都是不可以的。它没有留出时间和空间，让人们在自己的精神避难所中处理创伤性事件，或者在做出判断之前收集更多信息。它迫使那些还没有意见的人，或正在努力理清自己想法的人，去制造一个意见，并将其提交给互联网上全部由陌生人组成的陪审团，他们将对其是否正当做出即刻裁决。
“没有什么比克制言语和笔墨得到的回报更多了。”匿名戒酒会的联合创始人比尔·威尔逊（Bill Wilson）写道。“我们必须避免一点就着的暴脾气批评和怒气冲冲、被权力驱使的争论。”他称之为“把傲慢和报复心作为诱饵的情绪陷阱”。我曾因太快发表只想好一半的观点而后悔，但我从未因为等到自己不那么生气的时候再发帖而后悔，也从不曾为不发一帖而后悔。
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
27.A 28.B 29.B 30.D
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜互联网“站队文化”盛行，不发言就是罪？
近几年恐怕很多人都能感受到，网络氛围越来越易怒，人们动不动就“互撕”，我们似乎在逐渐丧失理性交流的能力。每当有热点事件发生，社交媒体就会变身投票大会。人们需要即刻发表自己的看法，迅速加入“支持”或“反对”的阵营，两方阵营会激烈争吵，同时不断发声来为自己的阵营抬高人气。这样“有毒”的社交网络文化到底有什么问题？我们又该如何应对？
I Don't Have to Post About My Outrage. Neither Do You.
By Elizabeth Spiers
I am neither Jewish nor Palestinian, and none of my six regular gigs have anything to do with foreign policy, but the other day I opened Twitter (now called X) after some time offline to find people I don't know demanding that I make a public statement about what's happening in the Middle East. It seemed that most of the people on social media had made a statement, including various corporate brands, celebrities and miscellaneous lifestyle influencers.
As I scrolled through my timeline, I saw lots of random citizens being told that if they didn't speak out, they, too, would have blood on their hands.
There's a facile version of taking a stand on social media that generates righteous back patting but reduces complex issues to a simple yes or no.
Knee-jerk social media posts are not what bother me most, though. Instead, it's the idea that not posting is wrong somehow — that everyone needs to speak, all the time. It discourages shutting up and listening and letting the voices that matter the most be heard over the din. It implies it's not OK to have any uncertainty about what's going on or any kind of moral analysis that does not lend itself to presentation in a social media post. It does not leave time or space for people to process traumatic events in the sanctuary of their own minds or to gather more information before pronouncing a judgment. It pressures people who don't have an opinion yet or are working out what they think to manufacture one and present it to a jury of total strangers on the internet who will render an instant verdict on its propriety.
"Nothing pays off like restraint of tongue and pen," writes A.A.'s co-founder Bill Wilson. "We must avoid quick-tempered criticism and furious, power-driven arguments," which he calls "emotional booby traps baited with pride and vengefulness." While I've regretted posting half-formed thoughts too quickly, I've never regretted waiting until I was less angry or not posting at all.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.post英 [p st] 美 [po st]（本文）v. _____________________________
2.outrage英 [ a tre d ] 美 [ a tre d ] n. _____________________________
3.gig英 [ɡ ɡ] 美 [ɡ ɡ] n. _____________________________
4.miscellaneous英 [ m sl e ni s] 美 [ m sl e ni s] adj. _____________________________
5.influencer英 [ nflu ns ] 美 [ nflu ns r] n. _____________________________
6.influence n. _____________________________
7.scroll英 [skr l] 美 [skro l] v. _____________________________
8.facile英 [ f sa l] 美 [ f sl] adj._____________________________
9.righteous英 [ ra t s] 美 [ ra t s] adj. _____________________________
10.reduce英 [r d u s] 美 [r du s] v. _____________________________
11.knee-jerk英 [ ni d k] 美 [ ni d rk] adj._____________________________
12.discourage英 [d sk r d ] 美 [d sk r d ] v._____________________________
13.din英 [d n] 美 [d n] n. _____________________________
14.process英 [ pr ses] 美 [ prɑ ses] v._____________________________
15.sanctuary英 [ s kt ri] 美 [ s kt ueri] n. _____________________________
16.quick-tempered英 [ kw k temp d] 美 [ kw k temp rd] adj. ________________
17.power-driven英 [ pa dr vn] 美 [ pa r dr vn] adj. _____________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1._____________________________（在网上）发布、发表......
2._____________________________ 发文
3._____________________________ 发自拍
4._____________________________发短视频
5._____________________________零工经济
6._____________________________之后，得到一个出乎意料的结果
7._____________________________发表声明，表态
8._____________________________就......申明态度和立场
9._____________________________网红
10._____________________________说出……
11._____________________________选择立场
12._____________________________赞许
13._____________________________膝跳反应
14._____________________________有利、适用于某种目的
15._____________________________创伤性事件（会让你产生长期心理后遗症的事件）
16._____________________________对其正当性的裁决
17._____________________________匿名戒酒会，美国嗜酒者互戒协会
拓展练习阅读理解
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.
These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
27.What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument
A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Tolerant. D.Uncertain.
28.Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A.They lack debating skills. B.They may feel bad even if they win.
C.They fear being ignored. D.They are not confident in themselves.
29.What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Defend. B.Explain. C.Conclude. D.Repeat.
30.What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author
A.Sense of logic. B.Solid supporting evidence.
C.Proper manners. D.Understanding from both sides.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.post英 [p st] 美 [po st]（本文）v. （在网上）发布、发表……；n. 网上的帖子、微博、朋友圈、短视频
2.outrage英 [ a tre d ] 美 [ a tre d ] n. 愤怒
3.gig英 [ɡ ɡ] 美 [ɡ ɡ] n. （除固定工作外兼职的）短期项目
4.miscellaneous英 [ m sl e ni s] 美 [ m sl e ni s] adj. 各式各样的，各不相同的
5.influencer英 [ nflu ns ] 美 [ nflu ns r] n. 有影响力的人，网红
6.influence n. 影响力
7.scroll英 [skr l] 美 [skro l] v. 滚动；（本文）刷（手机）
8.facile英 [ f sa l] 美 [ f sl] adj. 轻率的，浅薄的
9.righteous英 [ ra t s] 美 [ ra t s] adj. 正义的，出于正义感的
10.reduce英 [r d u s] 美 [r du s] v. 减少；（本文）降格，矮化
11.knee-jerk英 [ ni d k] 美 [ ni d rk] adj. 条件反射似的，本能的，不经思考的
12.discourage英 [d sk r d ] 美 [d sk r d ] v. 阻碍
13.din英 [d n] 美 [d n] n. 噪音，喧嚣
14.process英 [ pr ses] 美 [ prɑ ses] v. 处理
15.sanctuary英 [ s kt ri] 美 [ s kt ueri] n. 避难所
16.quick-tempered英 [ kw k temp d] 美 [ kw k temp rd] adj. 脾气火爆的
17.power-driven英 [ pa dr vn] 美 [ pa r dr vn] adj. 权力驱使的
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.post about （在网上）发布、发表......
2.post an article 发文
3.post a selfie 发自拍
4.post a short video 发短视频
5.gig economy零工经济
6.… to find something……之后，得到一个出乎意料的结果
7.make a statement发表声明，表态
8.make a statement about something 就......申明态度和立场
9.social media influencer 网红
10.speak out说出……
11.take a stand选择立场
12.back patting赞许
13.knee jerk 膝跳反应
14.lend itself to有利、适用于某种目的
15.traumatic event创伤性事件（会让你产生长期心理后遗症的事件）
16.verdict on its propriety对其正当性的裁决
17.Alcoholics Anonymous匿名戒酒会，美国嗜酒者互戒协会
【全文翻译】
我无需在网上发表我的愤慨。你也是。
我不是犹太人，也不是巴勒斯坦人，我的六份固定差事，没有一份与外交政策有关。前一段时间我没上网，有一天我打开了Twitter（现在叫“X”了），发现有我不认识的人要求我就中东的事情发表公开声明。似乎社交媒体上的大多数人都已经发表了公开声明，包括各大企业品牌、各路名人和各类生活区网红。
当我浏览我的时间轴时，我看到许多普通公民被告知，如果不大声疾呼，他们的手上也会沾满鲜血。
在社交媒体上有一种轻率的站队方式，它会引来他人正义的赞许，但也会把复杂的问题简化为简单的“是”或“否”。
不过，社交媒体上这些不经思考的帖子还不是最让我困扰的事情。最让我困扰的是那种认为不发帖就大错特错的想法——每个人都需要发言，随时随刻。它不鼓励你闭嘴倾听，让最重要的声音在喧嚣中被听到。它暗示着，如果对正在发生的事情有任何不确定性，或者对此事持有不适合在社交媒体上展示的道德分析，都是不可以的。它没有留出时间和空间，让人们在自己的精神避难所中处理创伤性事件，或者在做出判断之前收集更多信息。它迫使那些还没有意见的人，或正在努力理清自己想法的人，去制造一个意见，并将其提交给互联网上全部由陌生人组成的陪审团，他们将对其是否正当做出即刻裁决。
“没有什么比克制言语和笔墨得到的回报更多了。”匿名戒酒会的联合创始人比尔·威尔逊（Bill Wilson）写道。“我们必须避免一点就着的暴脾气批评和怒气冲冲、被权力驱使的争论。”他称之为“把傲慢和报复心作为诱饵的情绪陷阱”。我曾因太快发表只想好一半的观点而后悔，但我从未因为等到自己不那么生气的时候再发帖而后悔，也从不曾为不发一帖而后悔。
拓展练习阅读理解参考答案
27.A 28.B 29.B 30.D